A submarine cable outer sheath abrasion test device and test method

Abstract

The application provides a submarine cable outer sheath abrasion test device and test method, which is used to solve the problems that the uneven concave-convex appearance of seabed bedrock cannot be truly reproduced and different diameter and material submarine cable outer sheaths cannot be tested under the same condition in the prior art. The device comprises a base, a seabed simulation mechanism, at least two clamping and loading mechanisms and a driving mechanism. The seabed simulation mechanism comprises a ring-shaped water tank coaxially rotating with a vertical arm, at least two ring-shaped fixing seats and a fan-shaped simulation bedrock. The clamping and loading mechanism comprises an L-shaped support and at least two clamping and loading parts. The at least two clamping and loading parts clamp and fix the submarine cable. The driving mechanism is used to drive the ring-shaped water tank to reciprocatingly rotate around the vertical arm, so that the submarine cable outer sheath is rubbed and / or abraded by the fan-shaped simulation bedrock. The device can simulate the complex seabed topography and test different diameter and material submarine cables under the same condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of submarine cable outer sheath wear testing, and specifically relates to a submarine cable outer sheath wear testing device and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] Submarine cables are critical infrastructure in offshore wind power grid connection, offshore oil and gas development, and transoceanic communication projects. Their operational reliability directly affects the safety and efficiency of marine engineering systems. The outer sheath of submarine cables, as a protective layer directly exposed to seawater and the seabed environment, must withstand the friction and erosion of hard media such as bedrock and gravel during service. Under the combined effects of ocean currents, tides, and wave loads, continuous relative motion occurs between the submarine cable and the bedrock, causing the outer sheath to gradually wear down and thin, even leading to scratches, cracks, and other failures. Once the outer sheath is damaged, seawater may seep into the cable, causing problems such as decreased insulation performance and corrosion of the conductor and metal armor layer, which can lead to power outages or communication failures in severe cases. Submarine cable repair is difficult and costly; therefore, reliable testing of the outer sheath's resistance to bedrock abrasion before the cable leaves the factory or is laid is of significant engineering importance.

[0003] Because the actual seabed bedrock surface often has unevenness, sharp edges, or local pits and trenches, the contact state and wear pattern of the cable outer sheath vary significantly in different areas. However, the existing wear test equipment adopts a land-based dry friction method, which only realizes the relative movement between the cable and the simulated bedrock in the air. This results in a large deviation between the wear amount and friction coefficient of the outer sheath obtained from the test and the actual seabed conditions. Not only is it difficult to reflect the medium flow environment caused by factors such as ocean currents and tides, and the degree of working condition reproduction is limited, but it is also difficult to reproduce the non-uniform uneven morphology of the seabed bedrock. It cannot truly reflect the actual situation of the coexistence of overall wear and local wear, resulting in insufficient ability of the test results to assess the wear risk under actual working conditions.

[0004] Furthermore, due to the significant differences in the diameter and material of the outer sheath of submarine cables used in different engineering projects, and the obvious differences in hardness and surface roughness of seabed bedrock types, it is necessary to compare the bedrock wear resistance of different diameters and materials of submarine cable outer sheaths under the same conditions in order to compare them. However, existing testing equipment cannot test submarine cable outer sheaths of different diameters and materials under the same environment of seabed bedrock with different hardness and surface roughness. The test results are often difficult to compare effectively, and it is very difficult to discover the pattern of wear degree. Evaluation requires repeated tests. Most of the cable fixing mechanisms of existing testing equipment are fixed-size structures that can only be adapted to a limited number of cable specifications. Changing the sample requires disassembling or replacing the entire set of clamping components, making it difficult for a single device to cover multiple cable specifications, resulting in low testing efficiency and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a test device and method for testing the wear of submarine cable outer sheaths, in order to solve the problems in the prior art that cannot realistically reproduce the non-uniform uneven morphology of the seabed bedrock and cannot conduct wear tests on the outer sheaths of submarine cables of different diameters and materials under the same conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a submarine cable outer sheath wear testing device, comprising:

[0007] A base, the base having a vertical arm in a vertical direction;

[0008] The seabed simulation mechanism includes an annular water tank that rotates coaxially with the vertical arm, at least two annular fixed seats, and fan-shaped simulated bedrock. The at least two annular fixed seats are coaxially arranged in the annular water tank, and there is a first gap between adjacent annular fixed seats. At least two fan-shaped simulated bedrock are detachably connected to each annular fixed seat through a connecting mechanism. There is a second gap between adjacent fan-shaped simulated bedrock on each annular fixed seat. The central axes of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock, the annular fixed seats, and the annular water tank are collinear.

[0009] At least two clamping and loading mechanisms are provided, with the at least two clamping and loading mechanisms spaced apart on the base;

[0010] The clamping and loading mechanism includes an L-shaped bracket and at least two clamping and loading parts. The vertical end of the L-shaped bracket is fixedly connected to the base, and the horizontal part is arranged perpendicular to the axial direction of the annular water tank and located above the annular water tank. At least two clamping and loading parts are spaced apart along the length of the horizontal part of the L-shaped bracket. The number of clamping and loading parts is equal to the number of the annular fixing seat and they correspond one-to-one.

[0011] The drive mechanism, comprising at least two of the clamping loading parts, clamps and fixes the submarine cable to adhere it to the upper surface of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock and suspends the submarine cable between adjacent clamping loading parts above the first interval. The drive mechanism is used to drive the annular water tank to reciprocate around the vertical arm, causing the outer sheath of the submarine cable to be rubbed and / or worn by the fan-shaped simulated bedrock.

[0012] Optionally, the fan-shaped simulated bedrock edges on both sides of the first interval are formed with a first arc surface and / or a first sharp corner;

[0013] And / or, the fan-shaped simulated bedrock edges on both sides of the second interval form a second arc surface and / or a second sharp angle.

[0014] Optionally, the upper surfaces of at least two of the annular fixing seats are arranged on the same horizontal plane and / or in a stepped configuration.

[0015] Optionally, the clamping loading part includes a loading member and a clamping member. The fixed end of the loading member is fixedly installed on the horizontal part of the L-shaped bracket. A downward clearance hole is formed on the horizontal part of the L-shaped bracket for the extension end of the loading member to pass through.

[0016] The clamping member is located at the telescopic end of the loading member. The loading member has a clamping state and a loading state. When it is in the clamping state, the loading member and the clamping member cooperate to clamp and fix submarine cables of different diameters. When it is in the loading state, the loading force of the loading member is transmitted to the submarine cable through the loading plate and the clamping member.

[0017] Optionally, the clamping member includes a loading plate, which is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the loading member via a pressure sensor;

[0018] Intermediate arm, which is located below the loading plate;

[0019] Two clamping components are respectively located at both ends of the intermediate arm and are respectively hinged to the bottom ends of the loading plate;

[0020] An abutting component is provided below the intermediate arm, and the abutting component is used to adjust the openings of the two clamping components to accommodate submarine cables of different diameters;

[0021] When the clamping power source is in the clamping state, the abutting component is adjusted up and down to adapt to submarine cables of different diameters. The clamping power source and the loading component work together to drive the loading plate to move upward or downward, thereby causing the two clamping components to clamp or release the submarine cable. This allows submarine cables of different diameters to adhere to the fan-shaped simulated bedrock surface through the downward movement of the loading component during the test.

[0022] Optionally, the clamping component includes a first arm, a second arm, a first arc-shaped claw, and a second arc-shaped claw. One end of the first arm and the second arm are both hinged to one end of the bottom of the loading plate. One end of the first arc-shaped claw and the second arc-shaped claw are respectively hinged to the other end of the first arm and the second arm. The first arc-shaped claw, the second arc-shaped claw, and one end of the intermediate arm are hinged together to form a scissor structure.

[0023] The clamping power source works in conjunction with the loading component to drive the first arm and the second arm to move up and down, causing the first arc-shaped claw and the second arc-shaped claw to close or open in order to clamp or release the submarine cable.

[0024] Optionally, the abutting component includes an abutting plate located below the intermediate arm and extending into the clamping component at both ends. The bottom of the abutting plate has a plurality of spaced arc-shaped blocks along its own length direction, and the arc-shaped blocks are symmetrically arranged in two rows for attaching to the submarine cable.

[0025] An abutment power source is used to drive the abutment plate to move up and down so that the arc-shaped block is attached to the side of submarine cables of different diameters.

[0026] Optionally, the drive mechanism includes a transmission gear, which is coaxially and fixedly engaged with the annular water tank;

[0027] A drive gear is rotatably mounted on the base via a drive shaft, and the drive gear meshes with the transmission gear for transmission.

[0028] The drive unit transmits its output power to the annular water tank through the meshing of the transmission gear and the drive gear.

[0029] Optionally, the connecting mechanism includes at least three connecting parts, which detachably connect the fan-shaped simulated bedrock to the annular fixing seat;

[0030] Each of the connecting parts includes a connector and a mating part. The fan-shaped simulated bedrock and the annular fixing seat are coaxially arranged with the mating part. The connector engages with the mating part to connect the fan-shaped simulated bedrock and the annular fixing seat, thereby generating a fixing force between the fan-shaped simulated bedrock and the annular fixing seat.

[0031] A test method for a submarine cable outer sheath wear test device, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Installation steps: The upper surfaces of all the annular fixing seats are set on the same horizontal plane and / or set in a stepped manner in the annular water tank, and there is a first interval between adjacent annular fixing seats to form a simulated trench or pit perpendicular to the length direction of the submarine cable.

[0033] Simulated bedrock steps: According to the target seabed geological conditions, fan-shaped simulated bedrock is made. The made fan-shaped simulated bedrock is installed on the annular fixing seat through the connecting mechanism. All the fan-shaped simulated bedrock on each annular fixing seat form an annular structure. A tangential force sensor is provided between each fan-shaped simulated bedrock and the annular fixing seat. There is a second interval between adjacent fan-shaped simulated bedrock to form a simulated trench or depression along the length of the seabed cable.

[0034] Submarine cable fixing steps: The submarine cable is clamped and fixed by at least two of the clamping loading mechanisms along the length of the horizontal part of the L-shaped bracket, so as to attach the submarine cable to the upper surface of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock and suspend the submarine cable between adjacent clamping loading parts above the first interval.

[0035] Simulated relative motion steps: According to the test requirements, seawater or salt water prepared by adding salt to tap water is injected into the annular water tank so that the liquid level is slightly higher than the wear surface of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock. The annular water tank is driven by the drive mechanism to reciprocate around the vertical arm, so that the outer sheath of the submarine cable is rubbed and / or worn by the fan-shaped simulated bedrock.

[0036] As described above, the submarine cable outer sheath wear testing device and method of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0037] By injecting seawater or salt water at the required test temperature into the annular water tank, the typical water temperature, salinity, and immersion environment of the nearshore area can be simulated, making the wear process closer to the actual working conditions. Through the combination of multiple annular fixed seats and fan-shaped simulated bedrock, simulated trenches or pits perpendicular to the cable direction and along the cable length can be flexibly constructed, which can better simulate the complex topography of the real seabed. Sharp protrusions and / or pits are set on the wear surface of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock, thereby realistically reproducing the non-uniform uneven morphology of the seabed bedrock and the trenches of the complex seabed topography. By clamping and fixing the submarine cable with the clamping loading part, the submarine cable is attached to the upper surface of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock and suspended on the simulated trench. The submarine cable is loaded according to the test requirements. The drive mechanism drives the entire annular water tank to reciprocate clockwise and counterclockwise around the vertical arm, generating reciprocating tangential relative motion between the submarine cable and the simulated trench and fan-shaped simulated bedrock. This can simulate the repeated micro-movements of the submarine cable caused by tides and ocean currents, as well as the impact and sliding of the cable suspension section in seawater, thereby generating friction and wear on the outer sheath. The design incorporates at least two annular mounting bases, at least two detachably connected sector-shaped simulated bedrock formations on each annular mounting base via a connecting mechanism, and at least two independently operating clamping and loading mechanisms. This allows test personnel to quickly install sector-shaped simulated bedrock formations on the annular mounting bases according to test needs, forming a ring structure with all sector-shaped simulated bedrock formations. The sector-shaped simulated bedrock formations on each annular mounting base can have the same or different hardness and surface roughness. Within the same arc of the annular mounting base, the sector-shaped simulated bedrock formations exhibit the same hardness and surface roughness. By replacing submarine cables with different materials and / or different diameters, comparative tests can be conducted on submarine cables of different materials and / or different diameters used in different engineering projects under the same conditions. This solves the problem of not being able to conduct wear tests on the outer sheaths of submarine cables of different diameters and materials under the same conditions, while also accelerating the test progress, reducing test costs, and improving test efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the annular fixing base of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 The diagram shows a three-dimensional assembly structure of the annular fixing base and the fan-shaped simulated bedrock of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the clamping and loading mechanism of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the connection mechanism of the present invention.

[0043] Component designation explanation

[0044] Base 1, vertical arm 11;

[0045] Seabed simulation mechanism 2, annular water tank 21, annular fixed seat 22, fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23, first arc surface 231, first sharp corner 232, second arc surface 233, second sharp corner 234, first interval 24, second interval 25;

[0046] 3. Connecting mechanism; 31. Connecting part; 311. Connecting component; 312.

[0047] Clamping and loading mechanism 4, L-shaped bracket 41, clamping and loading part 42, loading component 421, clamping component 422, loading plate 4221, intermediate arm 4222, clamping component 4223, first support arm 42231, second support arm 42232, first arc-shaped claw 42233, second arc-shaped claw 42234, abutting component 4224, abutting plate 42241, abutting power source 42242, arc-shaped block 42243, clamping power source 4225;

[0048] Drive mechanism 5, transmission gear 51, drive gear 52, drive shaft 53, drive unit 54;

[0049] Control mechanism 6. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0051] Please see Figures 1 to 5It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0052] The following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only. These embodiments can be combined and are not limited to the content shown in any single embodiment below.

[0053] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 5 This invention provides a test device for abrasion of the outer sheath of a submarine cable, comprising:

[0054] Base 1, the base 1 having a vertical arm 11 along the vertical direction;

[0055] The seabed simulation mechanism 2 includes an annular water tank 21 coaxially rotating with the vertical arm 11, at least two annular fixing seats 22, and fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23. At least two annular fixing seats 22 are coaxially arranged within the annular water tank 21, and adjacent annular fixing seats 22 have a first interval 24 to form a simulated trench or pit perpendicular to the length direction of the submarine cable. At least two fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 are detachably connected to each annular fixing seat 22 via a connecting mechanism 3. The fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 on each annular fixing seat 22 can be the same or different in terms of hardness and surface roughness. The fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 within the same arc of the seat 22 has the same hardness and surface roughness. Adjacent fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 on each annular fixing seat 22 have a second interval 25 to form a simulated trench or pit along the length of the coastal cable. The central axes of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23, the annular fixing seat 22, and the annular water tank 21 are collinear. The fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 is made of granite material selected according to the geological conditions of the target seabed, processed into a fan shape. Its upper surface is a wear surface, which can have several non-uniformly arranged pointed protrusions and / or grooves, or it can be processed according to the actual shape of the seabed plane. The seawater or tap water mixed with salt injected into the annular water tank 21 can be heated to a temperature range of 10–20°C, or up to 15°C, to simulate a typical nearshore seawater temperature environment.

[0056] At least two clamping and loading mechanisms 4 are provided, and the at least two clamping and loading mechanisms 4 are spaced apart on the base 1; this embodiment has two clamping and loading mechanisms 4.

[0057] The clamping loading mechanism 4 includes an L-shaped bracket 41 and at least two clamping loading parts 42. The vertical end of the L-shaped bracket 41 is fixedly connected to the base 1, and the horizontal part is arranged perpendicular to the axial direction of the annular water tank 21 and located above the annular water tank 21. At least two clamping loading parts 42 are arranged at intervals along the length of the horizontal part of the L-shaped bracket 41. The number of clamping loading parts 42 is equal to that of the annular fixing seat 22 and they correspond one-to-one. In this embodiment, there are two clamping loading parts 42. When in use, the two ends of the submarine cable are clamped. The test submarine cable is a section of the 220kV submarine cable to be tested. Both ends can be closed. The length is determined according to the test requirements. The outer sheath structure and the internal conductor of the cable are retained, so as to more closely resemble the actual state of the submarine cable when in use.

[0058] The drive mechanism 5, with at least two of the clamping loading parts 42, clamps and fixes the submarine cable to adhere it to the upper surface of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23, and suspends the submarine cable between adjacent clamping loading parts 42 above the first interval 24. The diameter and material of the submarine cable can be the same or different, depending on the experimental design requirements. The drive mechanism 5 is used to drive the annular water tank 21 to reciprocate around the vertical arm 11, so that the outer sheath of the submarine cable is rubbed and / or worn by the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23.

[0059] By injecting seawater or salt water at the required test temperature into the annular water tank 21, the typical water temperature, salinity, and immersion environment of the nearshore area can be simulated, making the wear process closer to the actual working conditions. Through the combination of multiple annular fixing seats 22 and fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23, simulated trenches or pits perpendicular to the cable direction and along the cable length direction can be flexibly constructed, which can better simulate the complex topography of the real seabed. Sharp protrusions and / or pits are set on the wear surface of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23, thereby realistically reproducing the non-uniform uneven morphology of the seabed bedrock and the trenches of the complex seabed topography. By clamping and fixing the submarine cable with the clamping loading part 42, the submarine cable is attached to the upper surface of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 and suspended on the simulated trench. The submarine cable is loaded according to the test requirements. The drive mechanism 5 drives the entire annular water tank 21 to reciprocate clockwise and counterclockwise around the vertical arm 11, generating reciprocating tangential relative motion between the submarine cable and the simulated trench and the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23. This can simulate the repeated micro-movements of the submarine cable caused by tides, ocean currents, etc., as well as the impact and sliding of the cable suspension section in seawater, thereby generating friction and wear on the outer sheath. The design of at least two annular fixing seats 22, at least two fan-shaped simulated bedrocks 23 detachably connected to each annular fixing seat 22 by a connecting mechanism 3, and at least two independently operating clamping and loading mechanisms 4 allows test personnel to quickly install fan-shaped simulated bedrocks 23 on the annular fixing seats 22 according to test needs, and to install all fan-shaped simulated bedrocks 23 to form an annular structure. The fan-shaped simulated bedrocks 23 on each annular fixing seat 22 can be the same or different in terms of hardness and surface roughness. The fan-shaped simulated bedrocks 23 within the same arc of the annular fixing seat 22 are the same in terms of hardness and surface roughness. By replacing submarine cables of different materials and / or different diameters, submarine cables of different materials and / or different diameters used in different engineering projects can be compared under the same conditions. This not only solves the problem of not being able to conduct wear tests on the outer sheaths of submarine cables of different diameters and materials under the same conditions, but also speeds up the test progress, reduces the test cost, and improves the test efficiency.

[0060] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The edges of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 on both sides of the first interval 24 are formed with a first arc surface 231 and / or a first sharp corner 232; the edges of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 on both sides of the first interval 24 may be two edges formed with a first arc surface 231 or with a first sharp corner 232, or one edge formed with a first arc surface 231 and the other edge formed with a first sharp corner 232.

[0061] And / or, the edges of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 on both sides of the second interval 25 are formed with a second arc surface 233 and / or a second sharp angle 234. The edges of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 on both sides of the second interval 25 may be two edges formed with a second arc surface 233 or with a second sharp angle 234, or one edge may be formed with a second arc surface 233 and the other with a second sharp angle 234.

[0062] Depending on the test requirements, the number of annular fixing seats 22 can be two, three, or four. The number of first spacings can be one or more. The first interval 24 can be set with the first spacing and / or the second spacing, where the first spacing is smaller than the second spacing and the second spacing is smaller than half the diameter of the submarine cable. Similarly, the second interval 25 can be set with the third spacing and / or the fourth spacing, where the third spacing is smaller than the fourth spacing and the fourth spacing is smaller than half the diameter of the submarine cable.

[0063] The design of the first arc surface 231, the first sharp corner 232, the second arc surface 233, and the second sharp corner 234 enables the simulation of different shapes of the seabed bedrock edge, from smooth to sharp, thereby studying the influence of different geometric shapes on stress concentration and failure modes. Through the collaborative design with the fan-shaped simulated bedrock wear surface 23, the actual situation of coexistence of overall wear and local wear can be realistically reflected. The configuration is flexible according to the test requirements, improving the simulation realism and data reliability.

[0064] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 At least two of the annular fixing seats 22 have their upper surfaces arranged on the same horizontal plane and / or in a stepped configuration. Depending on the experimental requirements, there may be three or four annular fixing seats 22. The upper surfaces of the annular fixing seats 22 may be on the same horizontal plane to simulate a flat bedrock environment, or they may be stepped to simulate natural undulating terrain or bedrock environments with different depths and heights. Alternatively, some may be on the same plane while others are stepped, making the simulated environment closer to real geological conditions, improving the versatility and applicability of the device, and ensuring the reliability and comparability of the experimental data.

[0065] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The clamping loading part 42 includes a loading member 421 and a clamping member 422. The fixed end of the loading member 421 is fixedly installed on the horizontal part of the L-shaped bracket 41. The horizontal part of the L-shaped bracket serves as a bearing base, providing a stable mounting platform for the loading member 421. A clearance hole is formed on the horizontal part of the L-shaped bracket 41, which faces downward to allow the telescopic end of the loading member 421 to pass through. The loading member 421 can be an electric push rod, a hydraulic rod, or a pneumatic rod.

[0066] The clamping member 422 is disposed at the telescopic end of the loading member 421. The loading member 421 has a clamping state and a loading state. When it is in the clamping state, the loading member 421 and the clamping member 422 cooperate to clamp and fix submarine cables of different diameters. When it is in the loading state, the loading force of the loading member 421 is transmitted to the submarine cable through the loading plate 4221 and the clamping member 422, so that it can clamp cables of various specifications and transmit the loading force evenly, which greatly improves the versatility and economy of the mechanism.

[0067] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 The clamping member 422 includes a loading plate 4221, which is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the loading member 421 by a pressure sensor; the pressure sensor records the magnitude of the pressure applied by the loading plate 4221 during the loading process.

[0068] Intermediate arm 4222, which is located below loading plate 4221;

[0069] Two clamping components 4223 are respectively disposed at both ends of the intermediate arm 4222 and respectively hinged to the bottom ends of the loading plate 4221;

[0070] Abutting component 4224 is provided below the intermediate arm 4222. The abutting component 4224 is used to adjust the openings of the two clamping components 4223 to accommodate submarine cables of different diameters. The clamping arc of the clamping component 4223 is 180~220 degrees, and can be 200 degrees.

[0071] When the clamping power source 4225 is in the clamping state, the abutment component 4224 is adjusted up and down to adapt to submarine cables of different diameters. The clamping power source 4225 and the loading component 421 cooperate to drive the loading plate 4221 to move upward or downward, thereby causing the two clamping components 4223 to clamp or release the submarine cables. This allows submarine cables of different diameters to adhere to the surface of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 through the downward movement of the loading component 421 during the test. There are at least two clamping power sources 4225. The fixed ends of the at least two clamping power sources 4225 are installed on the loading plate 4221 and located on both sides of the loading component 421. The telescopic ends of the clamping power sources 4225 pass through the loading plate 4221 and are fixedly connected to the intermediate arm 4222. The clamping power source 4225 can be a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or an electric push rod, so that the force can be transmitted evenly during clamping.

[0072] During the test, the loading component 421 drives the entire clamping component 422 to be lowered above the cable. The abutment component 4224 moves up and down to adjust the initial space of the openings of the two clamping components 4223 to accommodate submarine cables of different diameters. The clamping power source 4225 and the loading component 421 work together to drive the loading plate 4221 to move upward or downward, thereby driving the two clamping components 4223 to clamp or release the submarine cable. The loading component 421 moves downward to attach the submarine cable to the surface of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23. When in the loading state, the loading force of the loading component 421 is transmitted to the submarine cable through the loading plate 4221, the intermediate arm 4222, the abutment component 4224 and the clamping component 4223.

[0073] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 The clamping component 4223 includes a first arm 42231, a second arm 42232, a first arc-shaped claw 42233, and a second arc-shaped claw 42234. One end of the first arm 42231 and the second arm 42232 are hinged to one end of the bottom of the loading plate 4221. One end of the first arc-shaped claw 42233 and the second arc-shaped claw 42234 are respectively hinged to the other end of the first arm 42231 and the second arm 42232. The first arc-shaped claw 42233, the second arc-shaped claw 42234, and one end of the intermediate arm 4222 are hinged to form a scissor structure. The clamping positions of the first arc-shaped claw 42233 and the second arc-shaped claw 42234 are provided with clamping pads, which can improve the adaptability to submarine cables of different diameters, thereby making the clamping tighter.

[0074] The clamping power source 4225 works in conjunction with the loading component 421 to drive the first support arm 42231 and the second support arm 42232 to move up and down, causing the first arc-shaped claw 42233 and the second arc-shaped claw 42234 to close or open in order to clamp or release the submarine cable.

[0075] The first arc-shaped claw 42233 and the second arc-shaped claw 42234 are hinged to one end of the intermediate arm 4222 at the same point, forming a symmetrical structure. This ensures that the first arc-shaped claw 42233 and the second arc-shaped claw 42234 move in a completely mirror-symmetrical manner at any time, achieving absolute centering clamping of the cable and effectively eliminating off-center loading. The scissor structure converts the vertical displacement of the loading plate 4221 into the clamping displacement of the arc-shaped claws, which enables force amplification, that is, generating a larger clamping force with a smaller driving force, thereby adapting to submarine cables of different diameters and improving the versatility of the equipment.

[0076] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 4The abutting component 4224 includes an abutting plate 42241, which is located below the intermediate arm 4222 and extends into the clamping component 4223 at both ends. The bottom of the abutting plate 42241 has a plurality of spaced arc-shaped blocks 42243 along its own length direction. The arc-shaped blocks 42243 are symmetrically arranged in two rows for attaching to the submarine cable.

[0077] A contact power source 42242 is used to drive the contact plate 42241 to move up and down, so as to fit the arc-shaped blocks 42243 against the sides of submarine cables of different diameters. There are four contact power sources 42242, respectively located around the intermediate arm 4222, to ensure uniform force transmission. The contact power sources 42242 can be hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, or electric push rods. The fixed end of the contact power source 42242 is mounted on the intermediate arm 4222, and the telescopic end passes through the intermediate arm 4222 and is fixedly connected to the contact plate 42241. When the cable diameter is large, the contact plate 42241 moves upward to increase the spacing to accommodate the cable; when the cable diameter is small, the contact plate 42241 moves downward to decrease the spacing to accommodate the cable. Through the up and down movement of the contact plate 42241, the two rows of arc-shaped blocks 42243 at its bottom can adapt to cables of different diameters, ensuring good fit of the cable during placement.

[0078] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The drive mechanism 5 includes a transmission gear 51, which is coaxially fixedly engaged with the annular water tank 21.

[0079] A drive gear 52 is rotatably mounted on the base 1 via a drive shaft 53, and the drive gear 52 meshes with the transmission gear 51 for transmission. A rotary encoder is provided on the drive shaft 53, which is used to calculate the precise angular displacement or linear displacement by combining the known gear ratio and rotation radius.

[0080] The drive unit 54 transmits its output power to the annular water tank 21 through the meshing of the transmission gear 51 and the drive gear 52. The drive unit 54 includes, but is not limited to, a motor.

[0081] Driven by the drive unit 54, the drive shaft 53 rotates, and the drive gear 52 fixed on the drive shaft 53 rotates accordingly. The drive gear 52 meshes with the transmission gear 51, which is coaxially fixed on the annular water tank 21. Power is transmitted from the drive shaft 53 to the rotation axis of the annular water tank 21 through the gear meshing. The power ultimately drives the transmission gear 51. Since the transmission gear 51 is rigidly fixed to the annular water tank 21, it drives the entire annular water tank 21 to rotate smoothly around its central axis.

[0082] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 The connecting mechanism 3 includes at least three connecting parts 31, which detachably connect the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 to the annular fixing seat 22.

[0083] Each of the connecting portions 31 includes a connector 311 and a mating member 312. The fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 and the annular fixing seat 22 are coaxially arranged with the mating member 312. The connector 311 engages with the mating member 312 to connect the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 and the annular fixing seat 22, thereby generating a fixing force between them. The fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 is provided with a mounting groove for accommodating the connector 311. The mating member 312 can be a threaded hole, and the connector 311 can be a screw. The connector 311 and the mating part 312 are tightened by thread engagement. The self-locking characteristic of the thread causes the connector 311 to generate axial preload, which tightly presses the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 and the annular fixing seat 22 to achieve rigid fixation and prevent relative displacement due to vibration and load during the test. The detachable connection allows the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 to be quickly replaced. Different edge shapes and thicknesses of fan-shaped modules can be switched according to test requirements, which greatly improves the efficiency of test scene switching.

[0084] It also includes a control mechanism 6, which is electrically connected to the drive unit 54 of the drive mechanism 5, at least two clamping and loading units 42 of at least two clamping and loading mechanisms 4, a pressure sensor, a tangential force sensor, and a rotary encoder.

[0085] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 5 A test method for a submarine cable outer sheath wear test device, comprising the following steps:

[0086] Installation steps: The upper surfaces of all the annular fixing seats 22 are set on the same horizontal plane and / or set in a stepped manner in the annular water tank 21, and there is a first interval 24 between adjacent annular fixing seats 22 to form a simulated trench or pit perpendicular to the length direction of the submarine cable.

[0087] Simulated bedrock steps: According to the target seabed geological conditions, fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 is made. The made fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 is installed on the annular fixing seat 22 through the connecting mechanism 3. All the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 on each annular fixing seat 22 form an annular structure. A tangential force sensor is provided between each fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 and the annular fixing seat 22. There is a second interval 25 between adjacent fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 to form a simulated trench or pit along the length of the seabed cable.

[0088] Submarine cable fixing steps: The submarine cable is clamped and fixed by at least two clamping loading mechanisms 4 in the length direction of the horizontal part of the L-shaped bracket 41, so as to attach the submarine cable to the upper surface of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 and suspend the submarine cable between adjacent clamping loading parts 42 above the first interval 24.

[0089] Simulated relative motion steps: According to the test requirements, seawater or salt water prepared by adding salt to tap water is injected into the annular water tank 21 so that the liquid level is slightly higher than the wear surface of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23. The annular water tank 21 is driven to reciprocate around the vertical arm 11 by the drive mechanism 5, so that the outer sheath of the submarine cable is rubbed and / or worn by the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23.

[0090] In summary, by injecting seawater or salt water at the required test temperature into the annular water tank 21, this invention can simulate the typical water temperature, salinity, and immersion environment of nearshore areas, making the wear process closer to actual working conditions. Furthermore, by combining multiple annular fixing seats 22 and fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23, simulated trenches or pits perpendicular to the cable direction and along the cable length direction can be flexibly constructed, which can better simulate the complex topography of the real seabed. Sharp protrusions and / or pits are set on the wear surface of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23, thereby realistically reproducing the non-uniform uneven morphology of the seabed bedrock and the trenches of the complex seabed topography. By clamping and fixing the submarine cable with the clamping loading part 42, the submarine cable is attached to the upper surface of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23 and suspended on the simulated trench. The submarine cable is loaded according to the test requirements. The drive mechanism 5 drives the entire annular water tank 21 to reciprocate clockwise and counterclockwise around the vertical arm 11, generating reciprocating tangential relative motion between the submarine cable and the simulated trench and the fan-shaped simulated bedrock 23. This can simulate the repeated micro-movements of the submarine cable caused by tides, ocean currents, etc., as well as the impact and sliding of the cable suspension section in seawater, thereby generating friction and wear on the outer sheath. By employing the design of at least two annular fixing seats 22, at least two sector-shaped simulated bedrocks 23 detachably connected to each annular fixing seat 22 by a connecting mechanism 3, and at least two independently operating clamping and loading mechanisms 4, test personnel can quickly install sector-shaped simulated bedrocks 23 on the annular fixing seats 22 according to test needs, and install all sector-shaped simulated bedrocks 23 to form an annular structure. The sector-shaped simulated bedrocks 23 on each annular fixing seat 22 can be the same or different in terms of hardness and surface roughness. The sector-shaped simulated bedrocks 23 within the same arc of the annular fixing seat 22 are the same in terms of hardness and surface roughness. By replacing submarine cables of different materials and / or different diameters, comparative tests can be conducted on submarine cables of different materials and / or different diameters used in different engineering projects under the same conditions. This solves the problem of not being able to conduct wear tests on the outer sheaths of submarine cables of different diameters and materials under the same conditions, and also speeds up the test progress, reduces test costs, and improves test efficiency. Therefore, this invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art and has high industrial application value.

[0091] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for abrasion of the outer sheath of a submarine cable, characterized in that, include: A base, the base having a vertical arm in a vertical direction; The seabed simulation mechanism includes an annular water tank that rotates coaxially with the vertical arm, at least two annular fixed seats, and fan-shaped simulated bedrock. The at least two annular fixed seats are coaxially arranged in the annular water tank, and there is a first gap between adjacent annular fixed seats. At least two fan-shaped simulated bedrock are detachably connected to each annular fixed seat through a connecting mechanism. There is a second gap between adjacent fan-shaped simulated bedrock on each annular fixed seat. The central axes of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock, the annular fixed seats, and the annular water tank are collinear. At least two clamping and loading mechanisms are provided, with the at least two clamping and loading mechanisms spaced apart on the base; The clamping and loading mechanism includes an L-shaped bracket and at least two clamping and loading parts. The vertical end of the L-shaped bracket is fixedly connected to the base, and the horizontal part is arranged perpendicular to the axial direction of the annular water tank and located above the annular water tank. At least two clamping and loading parts are spaced apart along the length of the horizontal part of the L-shaped bracket. The number of clamping and loading parts is equal to the number of the annular fixing seat and they correspond one-to-one. The drive mechanism, comprising at least two of the clamping loading parts, clamps and fixes the submarine cable to adhere it to the upper surface of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock and suspends the submarine cable between adjacent clamping loading parts above the first interval. The drive mechanism is used to drive the annular water tank to reciprocate around the vertical arm, causing the outer sheath of the submarine cable to be rubbed and / or worn by the fan-shaped simulated bedrock.

2. The submarine cable outer sheath wear testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan-shaped simulated bedrock edges on both sides of the first interval form a first arc surface and / or a first sharp corner; And / or, the fan-shaped simulated bedrock edges on both sides of the second interval form a second arc surface and / or a second sharp angle.

3. The submarine cable outer sheath wear testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two of the annular fixing seats have their upper surfaces arranged on the same horizontal plane and / or in a stepped configuration.

4. The submarine cable outer sheath wear testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping loading part includes a loading member and a clamping member. The fixed end of the loading member is fixedly installed on the horizontal part of the L-shaped bracket. A downward-facing clearance hole is formed on the horizontal part of the L-shaped bracket for the extension end of the loading member to pass through. The clamping member is located at the telescopic end of the loading member. The loading member has a clamping state and a loading state. When it is in the clamping state, the loading member and the clamping member cooperate to clamp and fix submarine cables of different diameters. When it is in the loading state, the loading force of the loading member is transmitted to the submarine cable through the loading plate and the clamping member.

5. The submarine cable outer sheath wear testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping component includes a loading plate, which is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the loading component via a pressure sensor; Intermediate arm, which is located below the loading plate; Two clamping components are respectively located at both ends of the intermediate arm and are respectively hinged to the bottom ends of the loading plate; An abutting component is provided below the intermediate arm, and the abutting component is used to adjust the openings of the two clamping components to accommodate submarine cables of different diameters; When the clamping power source is in the clamping state, the abutting component is adjusted up and down to adapt to submarine cables of different diameters. The clamping power source and the loading component work together to drive the loading plate to move upward or downward, thereby causing the two clamping components to clamp or release the submarine cable. This allows submarine cables of different diameters to adhere to the fan-shaped simulated bedrock surface through the downward movement of the loading component during the test.

6. The submarine cable outer sheath wear testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping component includes a first arm, a second arm, a first arc-shaped claw, and a second arc-shaped claw. One end of the first arm and the second arm are both hinged to one end of the bottom of the loading plate. One end of the first arc-shaped claw and the second arc-shaped claw are respectively hinged to the other end of the first arm and the second arm. The first arc-shaped claw, the second arc-shaped claw, and one end of the intermediate arm are hinged together to form a scissor structure. The clamping power source works in conjunction with the loading component to drive the first arm and the second arm to move up and down, causing the first arc-shaped claw and the second arc-shaped claw to close or open in order to clamp or release the submarine cable.

7. The submarine cable outer sheath wear testing device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The abutting component includes an abutting plate located below the intermediate arm and extending into the clamping component at both ends. The bottom of the abutting plate has multiple spaced arc-shaped blocks along its length, and the arc-shaped blocks are symmetrically arranged in two rows for attaching to the submarine cable. An abutment power source is used to drive the abutment plate to move up and down so that the arc-shaped block is attached to the side of submarine cables of different diameters.

8. The submarine cable outer sheath wear testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism includes a transmission gear, which is coaxially and fixedly engaged with the annular water tank. A drive gear is rotatably mounted on the base via a drive shaft, and the drive gear meshes with the transmission gear for transmission. The drive unit transmits its output power to the annular water tank through the meshing of the transmission gear and the drive gear.

9. The submarine cable outer sheath wear testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism includes at least three connecting parts, which detachably connect the fan-shaped simulated bedrock to the annular fixing seat. Each of the connecting parts includes a connector and a mating part. The fan-shaped simulated bedrock and the annular fixing seat are coaxially arranged with the mating part. The connector engages with the mating part to connect the fan-shaped simulated bedrock and the annular fixing seat, thereby generating a fixing force between the fan-shaped simulated bedrock and the annular fixing seat.

10. A test method for a submarine cable outer sheath wear test device, characterized in that: The submarine cable outer sheath wear testing device according to claim 3 includes the following steps: Installation steps: The upper surfaces of all the annular fixing seats are set on the same horizontal plane and / or set in a stepped manner in the annular water tank, and there is a first interval between adjacent annular fixing seats to form a simulated trench or pit perpendicular to the length direction of the submarine cable. Simulated bedrock steps: According to the target seabed geological conditions, fan-shaped simulated bedrock is made. The made fan-shaped simulated bedrock is installed on the annular fixing seat through the connecting mechanism. All the fan-shaped simulated bedrock on each annular fixing seat form an annular structure. A tangential force sensor is provided between each fan-shaped simulated bedrock and the annular fixing seat. There is a second interval between adjacent fan-shaped simulated bedrock to form a simulated trench or depression along the length of the seabed cable. Submarine cable fixing steps: The submarine cable is clamped and fixed by at least two of the clamping loading mechanisms along the length of the horizontal part of the L-shaped bracket, so as to attach the submarine cable to the upper surface of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock and suspend the submarine cable between adjacent clamping loading parts above the first interval. Simulated relative motion steps: According to the test requirements, seawater or salt water prepared by adding salt to tap water is injected into the annular water tank so that the liquid level is slightly higher than the wear surface of the fan-shaped simulated bedrock. The annular water tank is driven by the drive mechanism to reciprocate around the vertical arm, so that the outer sheath of the submarine cable is rubbed and / or worn by the fan-shaped simulated bedrock.

Images