Intelligent early warning system and method for overhead falling of construction personnel

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent early warning system and method for free-air falling of constructors, and relates to the technical field of safety early warning. The constructors are continuously monitored, and the displacement variation of the constructors towards the boundary direction of a free-air operation area is calculated according to the spatial position information of adjacent monitoring periods; whether the constructors enter the air-free danger judgment range or not is judged; based on the body gravity center position variable quantity, the body inclination angle variable quantity and the displacement variable quantity in a plurality of continuous monitoring periods, generating a periodic posture change parameter, and performing accumulation processing on the periodic posture change parameter to form a risk state quantity; the risk state quantity is compared with the risk state threshold adaptively adjusted according to the construction scene, and whether to output the free-air falling risk early warning information or not is determined in combination with the connection state of the constructor and the anti-falling protection device, so that the free-air operation risk of the constructor is dynamically evaluated and early warned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safety early warning technology, and in particular to an intelligent early warning system and method for construction workers falling from heights. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, such systems typically deploy infrared beam sensors, pressure sensors, or video surveillance equipment at the edges, openings, or high-altitude work areas of construction sites to detect whether personnel have entered hazardous areas. When personnel are detected approaching or crossing preset safety boundaries, the system sends an alarm signal to the control terminal via wired or wireless means and triggers an audible and visual alarm to alert construction workers to safety precautions or to prompt management intervention. For example, in high-rise building construction, infrared beam sensors are often installed on the outside of scaffolding or at the edges of floors; when a person blocks the infrared beam, a fall risk is detected, and an alarm is triggered.

[0003] However, in specific high-altitude steel structure installation scenarios, the aforementioned existing technologies still have significant technical shortcomings. For example, during steel beam hoisting, construction workers frequently need to cross edge areas for short-term operations. Infrared beam or fixed-area trigger alarm devices typically rely solely on the single condition of "whether a dangerous area has been entered," failing to distinguish between the worker's operational status and the actual risk of fall. Even when workers are wearing safety ropes and in a stable, supported position while performing necessary edge operations, existing systems will repeatedly trigger alarms, causing the on-site audible and visual alarms to activate multiple times in a short period. Based on actual construction management experience, such false alarms prompt on-site managers to manually reduce alarm sensitivity or directly disable the alarm devices. Consequently, in unexpected situations such as workers shifting their center of gravity or slipping on components, the system cannot issue timely and effective warnings, thus increasing the risk of falls from heights. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent early warning system and method for construction workers falling from heights, aiming to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: Firstly, a method for intelligent early warning of construction workers falling from heights, the method comprising: In the open work area of ​​the construction site, the construction personnel are continuously monitored, and their spatial location information, body posture information and safety protection status information are periodically acquired at preset time intervals. The body posture information includes the position of the body's center of gravity and the body tilt angle. Based on the spatial location information obtained in adjacent monitoring cycles, the displacement change of construction personnel in the direction towards the boundary of the air-to-ground work area is calculated, and it is determined whether the construction personnel have entered the preset air-to-ground hazard judgment range. When construction workers enter the area of ​​potential danger, the changes in the position of the body's center of gravity, the changes in the body's tilt angle, and the changes in displacement are obtained in multiple consecutive monitoring cycles. Based on the changes in each monitoring cycle, periodic posture change parameters reflecting the degree of posture change of the construction workers are generated. The attitude change parameters of multiple consecutive cycles are accumulated and processed to generate a risk state quantity that characterizes the evolution of the risk of construction workers falling from height; The risk status quantity is compared with the risk status threshold that is adaptively adjusted according to the construction scenario. When the risk status quantity does not reach the risk status threshold, it is determined that the construction personnel are still in a controllable working state. If the construction workers are determined to be in a controllable working state, the safety protection status information is combined to determine whether the construction workers are effectively connected to the fall protection device. When they are effectively connected, the current risk status is maintained and no fall warning information is output. When the risk status quantity reaches or exceeds the risk status threshold, or when it is determined that the construction personnel are not effectively connected to the fall protection device, an early warning signal for the risk of falling from a height is generated and the corresponding warning information is output.

[0006] Preferably, based on the spatial location information obtained within adjacent monitoring periods, the displacement change of construction personnel in the direction towards the boundary of the open-air work area is calculated, and it is determined whether the construction personnel have entered the preset open-air hazard assessment range, including: Within each monitoring cycle, the boundary distance between the current location of the construction personnel and the boundary of the open-air work area is calculated based on the spatial location information of the construction personnel. Based on the boundary distance values ​​corresponding to adjacent monitoring periods, the difference between the boundary distance value of the previous monitoring period and the boundary distance value of the current monitoring period is calculated to obtain the displacement change of the construction personnel towards the boundary of the open-air work area in the current monitoring period. Based on the displacement changes obtained in multiple consecutive monitoring periods, the direction of each displacement change is determined according to the time sequence of the monitoring periods, and the displacement direction determination result for each monitoring period is obtained. When the displacement direction determination results for multiple consecutive monitoring cycles all point to the boundary of the airspace operation area, and the corresponding displacement change meets the preset continuous displacement determination conditions, a judgment result of entering the airspace hazard determination range is generated based on the displacement direction determination results and the displacement change.

[0007] Preferably, the changes in body center of gravity position, body tilt angle, and displacement are acquired over multiple consecutive monitoring cycles, and periodic posture change parameters reflecting the degree of posture change of the construction worker are generated based on the changes corresponding to each monitoring cycle, including: Within each monitoring cycle, the position of the construction worker's center of gravity and the angle of body tilt are obtained, and combined with the spatial position information within the corresponding monitoring cycle, the basic posture data for that monitoring cycle is formed. Based on the basic posture data in adjacent monitoring cycles, the body center of gravity position of the previous monitoring cycle and the current monitoring cycle are compared to generate the change in the body center of gravity position in the current monitoring cycle, and the body tilt angle is compared to generate the change in the body tilt angle in the current monitoring cycle. The changes in body center of gravity, body tilt angle, and displacement obtained within the current monitoring period are used as the posture change input data for the same monitoring period. Based on the attitude change input data, the three types of changes are processed uniformly according to the preset attitude parameter generation rules to generate periodic attitude change parameters for the corresponding monitoring period.

[0008] Preferably, the attitude change parameters of multiple consecutive cycles are accumulated to generate a risk state quantity characterizing the evolution of the risk of construction workers falling from heights, including: Within the initial monitoring period, the initial risk state quantity is determined based on the periodic attitude change parameters corresponding to the initial monitoring period. In each subsequent monitoring cycle, the periodic attitude change parameter corresponding to the current monitoring cycle is compared with the periodic attitude change parameter corresponding to the previous monitoring cycle to obtain the attitude change amount of the periodic attitude change parameter. Based on the correspondence between the attitude change amount and the preset attitude change range, and based on the number of monitoring cycles corresponding to the current monitoring cycle, the incremental update method for the risk state quantity used in this monitoring cycle is determined, and the risk state quantity corresponding to the previous monitoring cycle is updated according to the incremental update method to generate the risk state quantity corresponding to the current monitoring cycle.

[0009] Preferably, based on the correspondence between the attitude change amount and the preset attitude change range, and based on the number of monitoring cycles corresponding to the current monitoring cycle, the incremental update method for the risk state quantity for this monitoring cycle is determined, and the risk state quantity corresponding to the previous monitoring cycle is updated according to the incremental update method to generate the risk state quantity corresponding to the current monitoring cycle, including: Compare the attitude change with multiple attitude change intervals to determine the attitude change interval in which the attitude change is located. Based on the determined attitude change range, select the incremental update coefficient corresponding to the attitude change range. Different attitude change ranges correspond to different sizes of incremental update coefficients. Based on the number of monitoring periods corresponding to the current monitoring period, the incremental update coefficient is corrected to obtain the target incremental update coefficient corresponding to the current monitoring period. The risk increment value corresponding to the current monitoring period is obtained by multiplying the attitude change amount with the target increment update coefficient. The risk increment value is accumulated with the risk status value corresponding to the previous monitoring period to generate the risk status value corresponding to the current monitoring period.

[0010] Preferably, the adaptive adjustment method for the risk state threshold includes: When construction workers enter the airspace operation area, the system obtains information on the type of airspace operation area, the type of work performed by the construction workers, and the corresponding hazard level of the construction area to form the initial input data for threshold setting. Based on the initial input data, it is matched with multiple preset basic risk threshold intervals to determine the basic risk threshold interval corresponding to the current construction scenario, and the initial risk state threshold is selected within the determined basic risk threshold interval. Continuously acquire real-time environmental information and behavioral change information of construction personnel at the construction site, and use the real-time environmental information and behavioral change information as environmental input data for dynamic threshold adjustment; Within multiple consecutive monitoring periods, the changes in risk status quantities between adjacent monitoring periods are obtained, and the rate of change is calculated and processed to generate a risk change rate that characterizes the trend of risk changes for construction workers. Based on the rate of risk change and environmental input data, a joint assessment of risk change trends and construction environment risks is conducted, and a threshold adjustment coefficient is determined based on the joint assessment results to adjust the initial risk state threshold. The initial risk state threshold is dynamically adjusted based on the threshold adjustment coefficient to generate the current risk state threshold.

[0011] Preferably, a joint assessment of the risk change trend and construction environment risk is conducted based on the risk change rate and environmental input data, and a threshold adjustment coefficient for adjusting the initial risk state threshold is determined based on the joint assessment results, including: The risk change rate is compared with the preset risk change rate classification intervals level by level to determine the risk change level corresponding to the risk change rate in the current monitoring period. Based on the risk change level, and in accordance with the preset level mapping rules, the risk change level is converted into a risk level coefficient for use in threshold assessment calculations. The environmental input data is split and processed according to the preset environmental assessment rules to obtain multiple environmental assessment components that respectively characterize the stability of the construction environment, the complexity of the working conditions, and the completeness of the protection conditions. Based on multiple environmental assessment components, the environmental risk quantification process is performed on the construction environment within the current monitoring period to generate environmental risk assessment values ​​for use in threshold assessment calculations. The environmental risk assessment value is adjusted according to the risk level coefficient to obtain a comprehensive assessment result that reflects both the rate of risk change and the environmental risk impact. The comprehensive evaluation result is compared with multiple preset threshold adjustment coefficient ranges to determine the threshold adjustment coefficient range in which the comprehensive evaluation result falls, and the threshold adjustment coefficient corresponding to the coefficient range is selected as the threshold adjustment coefficient used to adjust the initial risk status threshold.

[0012] Secondly, a smart early warning system for construction workers falling from heights, the system comprising: The monitoring and acquisition module is used to continuously monitor construction personnel in the open work area of ​​the construction site. It periodically acquires the spatial location information, body posture information and safety protection status information of the construction personnel within a preset time interval. The body posture information includes the body center of gravity position and body tilt angle. The displacement analysis module is used to calculate the displacement change of construction personnel in the direction of the boundary of the open-air work area based on the spatial location information obtained in adjacent monitoring cycles, and to determine whether the construction personnel have entered the preset open-air hazard judgment range. The posture parameter generation module is used to acquire the changes in body center of gravity, body tilt angle and displacement over multiple consecutive monitoring cycles when construction personnel enter the area of ​​potential danger. Based on the changes in each monitoring cycle, it generates periodic posture change parameters that reflect the degree of posture change of the construction personnel. The risk state quantity generation module is used to accumulate and process attitude change parameters over multiple consecutive cycles to generate risk state quantities that characterize the evolution of the risk of construction workers falling from heights. The risk assessment module compares the risk status quantity with the risk status threshold that is adaptively adjusted according to the construction scenario. When the risk status quantity does not reach the risk status threshold, it is determined that the construction personnel are still in a controllable working state. The protection status verification module is used to determine whether the construction personnel are effectively connected to the fall protection device when the construction personnel are in a controllable working state, based on the safety protection status information. When the effective connection is maintained, the current risk status is maintained and no fall warning information is output. The early warning output module is used to generate a fall risk warning signal and output corresponding warning information when the risk status quantity reaches or exceeds the risk status threshold, or when it is determined that the construction personnel are not effectively connected to the fall protection device.

[0013] The above-described solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: By continuously monitoring construction workers in the airspace operation area and periodically acquiring spatial location information, body posture information, and safety protection status information at preset time intervals, risk assessment is no longer based on a single moment or a single triggering condition, but is based on dynamic data formed by continuous monitoring cycles, thus providing more complete data support for the comprehensive assessment of the airspace operation status of construction workers.

[0014] Based on this, by calculating the displacement change of construction personnel toward the boundary of the air-to-ground work area according to the spatial location information in adjacent monitoring cycles, and combining the directionality and continuity of displacement change to determine whether they have entered the air-to-ground hazard assessment range, the determination of the hazard area has changed from the traditional "whether they have entered a fixed area" to "whether they are continuously moving toward the hazard boundary". This can distinguish between short-term approach behavior during normal operation and movement behavior with potential fall risk, reducing unnecessary alarm triggering.

[0015] Furthermore, when construction workers enter the area of ​​imminent danger, the changes in the center of gravity, tilt angle, and displacement over multiple consecutive monitoring cycles are comprehensively processed to generate periodic posture change parameters that reflect the degree of posture change of the construction workers. These periodic posture change parameters are then accumulated to form a risk status quantity, enabling the risk assessment to reflect the continuity and evolution of the construction workers' posture changes. This avoids triggering alarms based on a single posture anomaly, thereby improving the correlation between risk assessment and actual fall risk.

[0016] Meanwhile, by comparing the risk status quantity with the risk status threshold that is adaptively adjusted according to the construction scenario, the risk judgment criteria under different working environments, work types and construction risk levels can be dynamically adjusted, avoiding false alarms or missed alarms caused by uniform threshold settings, and enhancing the adaptability of risk judgment in complex construction scenarios.

[0017] In addition, safety protection status information is introduced into the risk assessment process, and a comprehensive judgment is made in combination with whether the construction personnel are effectively connected to the fall protection device. This enables the system to distinguish between "the edge operation status with effective protection" and "the protection failure or lack of protection". This avoids frequent alarms when the construction personnel are in stable operation and the protection measures are complete, and outputs early warning information in a timely manner when the protection status is abnormal or the risk continues to accumulate, thereby improving the pertinence and usability of the early warning results.

[0018] Through the aforementioned progressive risk identification and judgment method, this invention can meet the safety early warning requirements for high-altitude operations while reducing the interference of false alarms on construction site management, avoiding safety hazards caused by artificially reducing alarm sensitivity or turning off alarm devices, thereby providing a risk early warning method that is more in line with the actual working conditions for complex high-altitude operation scenarios such as high-altitude steel structure installation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an intelligent early warning method for construction workers falling from heights, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention proposes an intelligent early warning method for construction workers falling from heights, the method comprising: In the open work area of ​​the construction site, the construction personnel are continuously monitored, and their spatial location information, body posture information and safety protection status information are periodically acquired at preset time intervals. The body posture information includes the position of the body's center of gravity and the body tilt angle. Based on the spatial location information obtained in adjacent monitoring cycles, the displacement change of construction personnel in the direction towards the boundary of the air-to-ground work area is calculated, and it is determined whether the construction personnel have entered the preset air-to-ground hazard judgment range. When construction workers enter the area of ​​potential danger, the changes in the position of the body's center of gravity, the changes in the body's tilt angle, and the changes in displacement are obtained in multiple consecutive monitoring cycles. Based on the changes in each monitoring cycle, periodic posture change parameters reflecting the degree of posture change of the construction workers are generated. The attitude change parameters of multiple consecutive cycles are accumulated and processed to generate a risk state quantity that characterizes the evolution of the risk of construction workers falling from height; The risk status quantity is compared with the risk status threshold that is adaptively adjusted according to the construction scenario. When the risk status quantity does not reach the risk status threshold, it is determined that the construction personnel are still in a controllable working state. If the construction workers are determined to be in a controllable working state, the safety protection status information is combined to determine whether the construction workers are effectively connected to the fall protection device. When they are effectively connected, the current risk status is maintained and no fall warning information is output. When the risk status quantity reaches or exceeds the risk status threshold, or when it is determined that the construction personnel are not effectively connected to the fall protection device, an early warning signal for the risk of falling from a height is generated and the corresponding warning information is output.

[0022] In this embodiment of the invention, by continuously monitoring construction workers in the airspace of the construction site and periodically acquiring their spatial location, body posture, and safety protection status information within a preset time interval, the judgment of the workers' status does not rely on data from a single moment, but is based on dynamic information formed by continuous monitoring. This comprehensively reflects the changes in the workers' position and posture during the airspace operation, providing a stable data foundation for subsequent risk assessment.

[0023] By calculating the displacement change of construction workers in the direction of the boundary of the air-to-ground work area based on the spatial location information in adjacent monitoring cycles, and combining the displacement change trend in continuous monitoring cycles to determine whether construction workers have entered the air-to-ground hazard assessment range, the assessment of dangerous areas is no longer limited to fixed distance thresholds, but introduces displacement direction and continuity factors, thereby avoiding construction workers being misjudged as being in a dangerous state due to short-term proximity to the boundary during normal operations.

[0024] After construction workers enter the area of ​​potential danger, the changes in their center of gravity, body tilt angle, and displacement are acquired over multiple consecutive monitoring periods. These multidimensional changes are then combined to generate periodic posture change parameters. This allows the posture stability of construction workers to be described in the form of comprehensive parameters, thus avoiding the problem of insufficient judgment of the actual state of construction workers due to relying on only a single posture indicator.

[0025] By accumulating and processing the attitude change parameters over multiple consecutive cycles, a risk state quantity reflecting the evolution of the risk of construction workers falling from heights is generated. This enables the risk assessment process to reflect the continuity and evolution trend of the attitude changes of construction workers, rather than making judgments based on the instantaneous state of a certain monitoring cycle, thereby improving the matching degree between risk assessment and actual operation process.

[0026] Furthermore, by comparing the risk status quantity with the risk status threshold that is adaptively adjusted according to the construction scenario, the construction personnel are determined to be in a controllable working state when the risk status quantity does not reach the risk status threshold. Based on this, the safety protection status information is combined to determine whether the construction personnel are effectively connected to the fall protection device. This ensures that the output of the risk warning not only considers the construction personnel's own posture and displacement changes, but also comprehensively considers the actual connection status of their protective measures, thereby avoiding the output of unnecessary warning information when the protective measures are complete and the posture is stable.

[0027] When the risk status reaches or exceeds the risk status threshold, or when construction personnel fail to maintain an effective connection with the fall protection device, an early warning information for falling from height is output. This ensures that the warning triggering conditions cover both the continuous accumulation of risk and the failure of protection, thereby enabling timely alerts to potential fall risks during construction personnel's work in the air.

[0028] For example, during the installation of steel structures at heights, construction workers need to move and operate continuously in the airspace. As the workers gradually move towards the work boundary and their center of gravity and tilt angle change continuously, the risk status quantity is gradually accumulated with the monitoring cycle through displacement changes and posture change parameters. When the workers are still effectively connected to the safety rope and their posture changes are within a controllable range, no warning information is output. When the workers continue to move towards the boundary and their posture changes intensify, or when the safety rope connection changes, the risk status quantity reaches the corresponding threshold, and a fall risk warning is output in a timely manner, so that on-site managers or the workers themselves can take appropriate protective or adjustment measures.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, continuous monitoring is performed on construction workers within the open work area of ​​the construction site. Spatial location information, body posture information, and safety protection status information of the construction workers are periodically acquired at preset time intervals, including: First, before construction begins, the spatial scope of the air-based operation area is determined based on the construction drawings and site layout. Sensing devices for personnel monitoring are then deployed within the air-based operation area, ensuring that the coverage of these devices includes the activity area of ​​construction personnel during the air-based operation.

[0030] Subsequently, after the construction personnel enter the airspace operation area, they are continuously monitored at preset time intervals. In each monitoring cycle, the current location data of the construction personnel in the construction site is collected, and the current location data is used as the spatial location information corresponding to that monitoring cycle.

[0031] While acquiring spatial location information, the system collects body posture data of construction workers in each monitoring cycle. Based on the collected positional relationships of key body parts, the system determines the center of gravity position and body tilt angle of the construction workers in the current monitoring cycle. The center of gravity position and body tilt angle are then used as the body posture information corresponding to that monitoring cycle.

[0032] In addition, the safety protection status information of construction workers is acquired synchronously in each monitoring cycle. The safety protection status information is used to characterize whether construction workers wear fall protection devices and whether they maintain an effective connection with the fall protection devices. The safety protection status information is associated with the spatial location information and body posture information acquired in the corresponding monitoring cycle and stored to form a continuous monitoring data sequence for subsequent risk analysis.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for setting the air hazard determination range includes: First, based on the locations in the construction site that may cause people to fall from height, such as edges, openings, and the edges of high platforms, the dangerous boundaries of the construction site are determined, and these dangerous boundaries are used as reference boundaries for hazard assessment.

[0034] Subsequently, based on the aforementioned airspace hazard boundary, the area extends into the airspace operation area according to a preset safety buffer distance, forming a region surrounding the airspace hazard boundary, and this region is set as the airspace hazard determination range.

[0035] The size of the safety buffer distance can be preset according to the height of the construction area, the type of work, and the on-site safety management requirements, so that construction personnel still have a certain amount of reaction and adjustment space when entering the area of ​​the air hazard assessment, thereby providing a time basis for subsequent risk assessment and early warning.

[0036] In this way, the scope of the air hazard assessment does not only correspond to the air hazard boundary itself, but rather to the area with spatial width formed around the hazard boundary, enabling the system to intervene in risk assessment in advance as construction personnel gradually approach the air hazard boundary.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on the spatial location information obtained within adjacent monitoring periods, the displacement change of the construction personnel in the direction toward the boundary of the air-prone work area is calculated, and it is determined whether the construction personnel have entered the preset air-prone hazard assessment range, including: Within each monitoring cycle, the boundary distance between the current location of the construction personnel and the boundary of the open-air work area is calculated based on the spatial location information of the construction personnel. Based on the boundary distance values ​​corresponding to adjacent monitoring periods, the difference between the boundary distance value of the previous monitoring period and the boundary distance value of the current monitoring period is calculated to obtain the displacement change of the construction personnel towards the boundary of the open-air work area in the current monitoring period. Based on the displacement changes obtained in multiple consecutive monitoring periods, the direction of each displacement change is determined according to the time sequence of the monitoring periods, and the displacement direction determination result for each monitoring period is obtained. When the displacement direction determination results for multiple consecutive monitoring cycles all point to the boundary of the airspace operation area, and the corresponding displacement change meets the preset continuous displacement determination conditions, a judgment result of entering the airspace hazard determination range is generated based on the displacement direction determination results and the displacement change.

[0038] In this embodiment of the invention, by calculating the boundary distance between the current position of the construction worker and the boundary of the airfield work area within each monitoring cycle, and calculating the displacement change of the construction worker towards the boundary of the airfield work area based on the boundary distance difference between adjacent monitoring cycles, the positional changes of the construction worker can be characterized in a continuous manner, rather than relying solely on a fixed position to determine the existence of risk. Furthermore, by determining the direction of the displacement changes over multiple consecutive monitoring cycles, and combining this with the continuity of displacement changes to generate a judgment result indicating entry into the airfield hazard assessment range, the hazard area assessment can reflect the behavioral characteristics of the construction worker continuously moving towards the airfield boundary, thereby reducing the possibility of erroneous risk assessments triggered by short-term, sporadic positional changes.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for setting the continuous displacement determination condition includes: First, within multiple adjacent monitoring cycles, based on the spatial location information obtained in each monitoring cycle, the distance changes between the construction personnel and the dangerous boundary in the corresponding monitoring cycle are determined, and the distance changes between adjacent monitoring cycles are taken as the displacement changes of the construction personnel in that time period.

[0040] Subsequently, the displacement changes over multiple consecutive monitoring periods were analyzed sequentially to determine whether the direction of the displacement changes of the construction personnel in each monitoring period was pointing towards the dangerous boundary in the airspace, that is, to determine whether the construction personnel were continuously approaching the dangerous boundary in the airspace during consecutive monitoring periods.

[0041] Based on this, it is further determined whether the displacement change of the construction personnel in the direction of the dangerous boundary in each monitoring cycle meets the preset displacement change requirements. The displacement change requirements are used to exclude short-term and small displacements caused by body fine-tuning, posture swaying, etc.

[0042] When the direction of the displacement of the construction personnel all points to the boundary of the air hazard within a preset number of continuous monitoring cycles, and the corresponding displacement changes all meet the displacement change requirements, it is determined that the construction personnel meet the continuous displacement judgment condition, thus serving as an important basis for judging whether they have entered the air hazard judgment range.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the changes in the body's center of gravity position, body tilt angle, and displacement are acquired over multiple consecutive monitoring cycles, and periodic posture change parameters reflecting the degree of posture change of the construction worker are generated based on the changes corresponding to each monitoring cycle, including: Within each monitoring cycle, the position of the construction worker's center of gravity and the angle of body tilt are obtained, and combined with the spatial position information within the corresponding monitoring cycle, the basic posture data for that monitoring cycle is formed. Based on the basic posture data in adjacent monitoring cycles, the body center of gravity position of the previous monitoring cycle and the current monitoring cycle are compared to generate the change in the body center of gravity position in the current monitoring cycle, and the body tilt angle is compared to generate the change in the body tilt angle in the current monitoring cycle. The changes in body center of gravity, body tilt angle, and displacement obtained within the current monitoring period are used as the posture change input data for the same monitoring period. Based on the attitude change input data, the three types of changes are processed uniformly according to the preset attitude parameter generation rules to generate periodic attitude change parameters for the corresponding monitoring period.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, the body center of gravity position and body tilt angle of the construction worker are acquired in each monitoring cycle, and combined with spatial position information to form basic posture data. Then, based on the comparison processing between adjacent monitoring cycles, the changes in body center of gravity position and body tilt angle are generated, so that the changes in the construction worker's posture can be expressed in the form of changes. Furthermore, the changes in body center of gravity position, body tilt angle, and displacement are used as posture change input data for the same monitoring cycle, and are uniformly processed according to preset rules to generate cycle posture change parameters. This allows different types of posture change information to be comprehensively reflected under the same parameter system, thereby avoiding the problem that a single posture index cannot fully reflect the actual working state of the construction worker.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on the attitude change input data, the three types of change quantities are uniformly processed according to a preset attitude parameter generation rule to generate periodic attitude change parameters corresponding to the monitoring period, including: First, within each monitoring cycle, the changes in body center of gravity, body tilt angle, and displacement are collected as posture change input data for the same time period, so that the three types of changes remain consistent in the time dimension.

[0046] Subsequently, according to the preset attitude parameter generation rules, the amplitude normalization process is performed on the three types of changes, so that the changes of different dimensions are converted into comparable change degree values. Among them, the changes with smaller amplitude correspond to lower change degree values, and the changes with larger amplitude correspond to higher change degree values.

[0047] After normalization, the change degree values ​​corresponding to the three types of change quantities are combined according to the preset attitude parameter generation rules. The combined processing is used to comprehensively reflect the overall attitude stability changes of the construction personnel in the current monitoring period.

[0048] Finally, the result obtained from the combined processing is used as the periodic attitude change parameter corresponding to the current monitoring cycle, so that the periodic attitude change parameter can comprehensively characterize the degree of attitude change of the construction personnel in the monitoring cycle in the form of a single parameter.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for setting attitude parameter generation rules includes: First, during the system initialization phase, based on the monitoring data of construction personnel under normal and stable working conditions, statistical analysis is conducted on the range of changes in body center of gravity position, body tilt angle, and displacement under stable working conditions, and the basic range of changes of the three types of changes under normal working conditions is determined.

[0050] Subsequently, for each type of change, the corresponding range of change is divided into multiple change level intervals according to the order of its change magnitude from low to high. A change weight is assigned to each change level interval to represent the degree of change, so that the change level interval with a smaller change magnitude corresponds to a lower change weight, and the change level interval with a larger change magnitude corresponds to a higher change weight.

[0051] Within each monitoring cycle, after acquiring the changes in body center of gravity, body tilt angle, and displacement, the three types of changes are compared with their respective change level ranges to determine the change level of each type of change within the current monitoring cycle, and the change weight corresponding to that change level is selected.

[0052] Subsequently, according to the preset posture parameter generation rules, the change weights corresponding to the three types of changes are combined and processed. The combined processing is used to comprehensively reflect the overall posture changes of the construction personnel during the current monitoring period caused by changes in body center of gravity, posture tilt, and spatial displacement.

[0053] Finally, the result obtained from the combined processing is used as the periodic attitude change parameter corresponding to the current monitoring cycle, so that the periodic attitude change parameter can characterize the degree of attitude change of the construction personnel in the monitoring cycle in the form of a single parameter, and serve as the input basis for the subsequent generation and updating of risk status quantities.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the attitude change parameters of multiple consecutive cycles are accumulated to generate a risk state quantity characterizing the evolution of the risk of construction workers falling from heights, including: Within the initial monitoring period, the initial risk state quantity is determined based on the periodic attitude change parameters corresponding to the initial monitoring period. In each subsequent monitoring cycle, the periodic attitude change parameter corresponding to the current monitoring cycle is compared with the periodic attitude change parameter corresponding to the previous monitoring cycle to obtain the attitude change amount of the periodic attitude change parameter. Based on the correspondence between the attitude change amount and the preset attitude change range, and based on the number of monitoring cycles corresponding to the current monitoring cycle, the incremental update method for the risk state quantity used in this monitoring cycle is determined, and the risk state quantity corresponding to the previous monitoring cycle is updated according to the incremental update method to generate the risk state quantity corresponding to the current monitoring cycle.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, an initial risk state quantity is determined based on periodic attitude change parameters within the initial monitoring period, and the attitude change quantity is obtained by comparing the periodic attitude change parameters of adjacent periods in subsequent monitoring periods. This ensures that the generation of the risk state quantity has a clear starting benchmark. Furthermore, based on the correspondence between the attitude change quantity and the preset attitude change interval, and combined with the number of monitoring periods, the incremental update method of the risk state quantity is determined. This allows the update process of the risk state quantity to simultaneously reflect the amplitude and duration of attitude change, thereby enabling the risk state quantity to gradually reflect the evolution of the risks of construction personnel operating at height, rather than making risk judgments based solely on a single attitude anomaly.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on the correspondence between the attitude change amount and a preset attitude change range, and based on the number of monitoring cycles corresponding to the current monitoring cycle, a risk state quantity incremental update method for the current monitoring cycle is determined, and the risk state quantity corresponding to the previous monitoring cycle is updated according to the incremental update method to generate the risk state quantity corresponding to the current monitoring cycle, including: Compare the attitude change with multiple attitude change intervals to determine the attitude change interval in which the attitude change is located. Based on the determined attitude change range, select the incremental update coefficient corresponding to the attitude change range. Different attitude change ranges correspond to different sizes of incremental update coefficients. Based on the number of monitoring periods corresponding to the current monitoring period, the incremental update coefficient is corrected to obtain the target incremental update coefficient corresponding to the current monitoring period. The risk increment value corresponding to the current monitoring period is obtained by multiplying the attitude change amount with the target increment update coefficient. The risk increment value is accumulated with the risk status value corresponding to the previous monitoring period to generate the risk status value corresponding to the current monitoring period.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, the attitude change amount is compared with multiple preset attitude change intervals to determine the attitude change interval in which the attitude change amount is located. Furthermore, an incremental update coefficient corresponding to this attitude change interval is selected, allowing the update magnitude of the risk state quantity to be differentiated according to the degree of attitude change. Further, by correcting the incremental update coefficient based on the current number of monitoring cycles, the update process of the risk state quantity can reflect the persistence of attitude change over time. When attitude change persists across multiple monitoring cycles, the risk state quantity can gradually accumulate; when the attitude change magnitude is small or the duration is short, the growth rate of the risk state quantity is correspondingly limited, thus making the change in the risk state quantity more closely reflect the actual risk accumulation process of construction personnel during aerial operations.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for setting the attitude change range includes: First, based on the posture change characteristics of construction workers under normal and stable working conditions, statistical analysis is conducted on the possible range of changes in periodic posture change parameters under normal working conditions to determine the basic range of changes in posture change parameters under stable working conditions.

[0059] Subsequently, based on the aforementioned basic range of changes, the range of values ​​for the periodic attitude change parameters is divided in order of increasing attitude change degree, forming multiple non-overlapping attitude change intervals. Each attitude change interval is used to characterize a different degree of attitude change state.

[0060] Among them, the posture change range close to the base change range is used to characterize the situation where the posture change of the construction worker is small and the working state is relatively stable, while the posture change range far from the base change range is used to characterize the situation where the posture change of the construction worker is large and there is a high risk of instability. Thus, the posture change range can reflect the hierarchical characteristics of the stability of the construction worker's posture.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the incremental update coefficient corresponding to the determined attitude change range is selected, including: First, an incremental update coefficient is pre-set for each preset attitude change interval, which is used to characterize the update magnitude of the risk state quantity under the attitude change degree.

[0062] Subsequently, when it is determined that the periodic attitude change parameters within the current monitoring period fall into a certain attitude change range, the system selects the incremental update coefficient corresponding to that attitude change range from the pre-set set of incremental update coefficients as the basic coefficient for updating the risk state quantity within the current monitoring period.

[0063] Among them, the attitude change range with a lower degree of attitude change corresponds to a smaller incremental update coefficient, while the attitude change range with a higher degree of attitude change corresponds to a larger incremental update coefficient, so that the update magnitude of the risk state quantity can be distinguished according to the degree of attitude change.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the incremental update coefficient is corrected based on the number of monitoring periods corresponding to the current monitoring period to obtain the target incremental update coefficient corresponding to the current monitoring period, including: First, the position of the current monitoring cycle in the continuous monitoring sequence is obtained, and the number of monitoring cycles corresponding to this position is used as the time dimension input to reflect the duration of attitude change.

[0065] Subsequently, according to the preset correction rules, the number of monitoring cycles is correlated with the selected incremental update coefficient, so that the incremental update coefficient can be adjusted as the attitude changes continuously in the time dimension.

[0066] When similar or identical attitude changes occur continuously over multiple monitoring periods, the correction process gradually increases the target incremental update coefficient, thereby accelerating the accumulation of risk state quantities. When attitude changes occur only over a few monitoring periods, the correction process keeps the target incremental update coefficient at a low level, thereby avoiding excessive impact of short-term attitude fluctuations on risk state quantities.

[0067] In this way, the target incremental update coefficient can simultaneously reflect the magnitude and duration of attitude change, providing a parameter basis that is more in line with the actual operating conditions for the dynamic update of risk state quantities.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adaptive adjustment method for the risk status threshold includes: When construction workers enter the airspace operation area, the system obtains information on the type of airspace operation area, the type of work performed by the construction workers, and the corresponding hazard level of the construction area to form the initial input data for threshold setting. Based on the initial input data, it is matched with multiple preset basic risk threshold intervals to determine the basic risk threshold interval corresponding to the current construction scenario, and the initial risk state threshold is selected within the determined basic risk threshold interval. Continuously acquire real-time environmental information and behavioral change information of construction personnel at the construction site, and use the real-time environmental information and behavioral change information as environmental input data for dynamic threshold adjustment; Within multiple consecutive monitoring periods, the changes in risk status quantities between adjacent monitoring periods are obtained, and the rate of change is calculated and processed to generate a risk change rate that characterizes the trend of risk changes for construction workers. Based on the rate of risk change and environmental input data, a joint assessment of risk change trends and construction environment risks is conducted, and a threshold adjustment coefficient is determined based on the joint assessment results to adjust the initial risk state threshold. The initial risk state threshold is dynamically adjusted based on the threshold adjustment coefficient to generate the current risk state threshold.

[0069] In this embodiment of the invention, when construction personnel enter the airspace operation area, information on the type of the airspace operation area, the type of work performed by the construction personnel, and the hazard level of the construction area are acquired. This information is then used as initial input data and matched with a preset basic risk threshold range. This allows an initial risk state threshold to be selected within a threshold range that matches the characteristics of the current construction scenario, enabling the initial threshold setting to adapt to different work environments and work types. Furthermore, by continuously acquiring real-time environmental information and behavioral change information of the construction site, and combining this with the changes in risk state quantities between adjacent monitoring periods to calculate the risk change rate, the adjustment of the risk state threshold is no longer fixed but can be dynamically adjusted according to changes in the construction environment and the behavior of the construction personnel. This improves the matching degree between risk judgment standards and actual construction conditions.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for setting the basic risk threshold range includes: First, before construction begins, work scenarios that may pose a risk of falling from height are classified according to the type of work, working height, and structural characteristics of the construction area. Corresponding risk level ranges are pre-set for different categories of work scenarios to reflect the basic differences in the risk of falling from height under different construction scenarios.

[0071] Subsequently, based on the hazard level information corresponding to the construction area, the hazard level is matched with the pre-set risk level range, and the risk state threshold range applicable to the construction scenario is determined accordingly, so that the range can cover the process of construction personnel changing from a low-risk state to a high-risk state in this type of operation scenario.

[0072] By using the above method, the risk status thresholds under different construction scenarios are limited to different basic risk threshold ranges, so that subsequent risk assessments and threshold adjustments are all based on ranges that conform to the characteristics of the current construction environment.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, selecting an initial risk state threshold within the determined basic risk threshold range includes: First, after determining the basic risk threshold range corresponding to the current construction scenario, this basic risk threshold range is used as the optional range of the initial risk state threshold to constrain the value boundary of the initial threshold.

[0074] Subsequently, based on the initial working status of the construction personnel when they enter the airspace, an initial assessment is conducted on the spatial position, body posture, and safety protection status of the construction personnel. Based on the results of this initial assessment, a risk status threshold for initial risk determination is determined within the basic risk threshold range.

[0075] Specifically, when construction workers enter the work area with a relatively stable posture and complete safety protection, the initial risk state threshold is set to a relatively high value within the basic risk threshold range; when the initial working state of construction workers is relatively complex or the working environment is highly risky, the initial risk state threshold is set to a relatively low value within the basic risk threshold range, so that the initial risk judgment standard can be consistent with the initial construction state.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the initial risk state threshold is dynamically adjusted according to a threshold adjustment coefficient to generate the current risk state threshold, including: First, within each monitoring cycle, a corresponding threshold adjustment coefficient is calculated based on the rate of risk change and the environmental input data of the construction site. The threshold adjustment coefficient is used to characterize the degree to which the risk judgment criteria need to be adjusted under the current construction stage.

[0077] Subsequently, the threshold adjustment coefficient is correlated with the initial risk state threshold, and the value of the initial risk state threshold is corrected according to the threshold adjustment coefficient, so that the risk state threshold can be adjusted according to the risk change trend of construction personnel and the risk change of construction environment.

[0078] When the threshold adjustment coefficient indicates that the current risk level is relatively high, the dynamic adjustment process reduces the current risk state threshold accordingly, thereby triggering a risk warning in advance; when the threshold adjustment coefficient indicates that the current risk level is relatively stable or low, the dynamic adjustment process increases the current risk state threshold accordingly, thereby avoiding frequent triggering of warnings in a low-risk state.

[0079] Through the above dynamic adjustment method, the generated current risk status threshold can continuously reflect the changes in risk at the construction site, so that the risk judgment standard remains consistent with the actual risk level throughout the entire air-based operation.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a joint assessment of the risk change trend and construction environment risk is performed based on the risk change rate and environmental input data, and a threshold adjustment coefficient for adjusting the initial risk state threshold is determined based on the joint assessment results, including: The risk change rate is compared with the preset risk change rate classification intervals level by level to determine the risk change level corresponding to the risk change rate in the current monitoring period. Based on the risk change level, and in accordance with the preset level mapping rules, the risk change level is converted into a risk level coefficient for use in threshold assessment calculations. The environmental input data is split and processed according to the preset environmental assessment rules to obtain multiple environmental assessment components that respectively characterize the stability of the construction environment, the complexity of the working conditions, and the completeness of the protection conditions. Based on multiple environmental assessment components, the environmental risk quantification process is performed on the construction environment within the current monitoring period to generate environmental risk assessment values ​​for use in threshold assessment calculations. The environmental risk assessment value is adjusted according to the risk level coefficient to obtain a comprehensive assessment result that reflects both the rate of risk change and the environmental risk impact. The comprehensive evaluation result is compared with multiple preset threshold adjustment coefficient ranges to determine the threshold adjustment coefficient range in which the comprehensive evaluation result falls, and the threshold adjustment coefficient corresponding to the coefficient range is selected as the threshold adjustment coefficient used to adjust the initial risk status threshold.

[0081] In this embodiment of the invention, the risk change rate is compared with a preset risk change rate grading interval to determine the risk change level corresponding to the risk change rate. The risk change level is then converted into a risk level coefficient, allowing the risk change trend to participate in the threshold adjustment process in a quantitative form. Simultaneously, by splitting environmental input data and quantifying environmental risks, an environmental risk assessment value is generated, enabling the stability of the construction environment, the complexity of working conditions, and the completeness of protective conditions to participate in the joint assessment with a unified assessment result. Furthermore, by adjusting the environmental risk assessment value using the risk level coefficient, and comparing the resulting comprehensive assessment result with a preset threshold adjustment coefficient interval to select the corresponding threshold adjustment coefficient, the risk status threshold adjustment process can simultaneously reflect the risk change trend of construction personnel and the risk level of the construction environment, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the risk judgment standard.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for setting the risk change rate grading interval includes: First, before construction begins, based on historical monitoring data of construction personnel during aerial operations, statistical analysis is conducted on the changes in risk status quantities between adjacent monitoring periods to determine the characteristics of risk status quantities under different states such as normal operation, gradual risk accumulation, and rapid risk change.

[0083] Subsequently, based on the statistical analysis results, the change range of the risk status quantity between adjacent monitoring periods is divided into multiple continuous change ranges, and the change ranges are classified in order of increasing change range to form multiple risk change rate classification intervals.

[0084] Among them, the risk change rate classification interval with a smaller change range is used to characterize the situation where the risk state quantity changes slowly and the risk accumulation is relatively stable, while the risk change rate classification interval with a larger change range is used to characterize the situation where the risk state quantity rises rapidly in a short period of time, so that the risk change rate classification interval can reflect different stages of risk evolution speed.

[0085] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for setting the level mapping rules includes: First, after completing the risk change rate classification intervals, a corresponding risk change level is pre-defined for each risk change rate classification interval, which is used to discretize the risk change rate.

[0086] Subsequently, based on the degree of influence of different risk change levels on the assessment of near-fall risk, a corresponding risk level coefficient was set for each risk change level, so that the risk change rate of different levels could participate in the calculation with different weights in the subsequent threshold assessment process.

[0087] Among them, risk change levels with lower risk change rates correspond to smaller risk level coefficients, while risk change levels with higher risk change rates correspond to larger risk level coefficients. Thus, a correspondence between risk change rates and risk level coefficients is established through level mapping rules.

[0088] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for setting environmental assessment rules includes: First, the environmental input data is classified according to the environmental factors that may affect the safety of aerial operations at the construction site. These environmental factors include at least the stability of the construction environment, the complexity of the working conditions, and the completeness of the protective conditions.

[0089] Subsequently, corresponding assessment criteria were set for each type of environmental factor to convert the collected environmental input data into environmental assessment components that can reflect the risk level of that environmental factor.

[0090] After obtaining each environmental assessment component, the multiple environmental assessment components are aggregated and processed according to the preset environmental assessment rules, so that different types of environmental factors can jointly form an environmental risk assessment value to characterize the overall risk level of the current construction environment.

[0091] Through the above methods, environmental assessment rules can transform scattered environmental information into environmental risk assessment results that can be used to adjust risk thresholds.

[0092] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for setting the threshold adjustment coefficient range includes: First, during the system initialization phase, based on the differences in risk level and risk change trend under different construction environments, multiple threshold adjustment coefficient ranges are pre-set to limit the value range of the threshold adjustment coefficients.

[0093] Subsequently, the threshold adjustment coefficient ranges are arranged in ascending order of threshold adjustment magnitude, so that the threshold adjustment coefficient ranges can reflect the degree to which the risk judgment criteria need to be adjusted.

[0094] Among them, the threshold adjustment coefficient range with a smaller threshold adjustment range is used to characterize situations where the risk judgment standard changes little, while the threshold adjustment coefficient range with a larger threshold adjustment range is used to characterize situations where a larger adjustment to the risk judgment standard is required, so that the threshold adjustment coefficient range can adapt to the threshold adjustment needs under different risk evolution scenarios.

[0095] Once the comprehensive evaluation result is determined, the corresponding threshold adjustment coefficient is selected by comparing the comprehensive evaluation result with the preset threshold adjustment coefficient range, so that the risk status threshold adjustment process can be based on a clear range division.

[0096] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the risk change rate is compared step-by-step with a preset risk change rate grading interval to determine the risk change level corresponding to the risk change rate within the current monitoring period, including: First, after obtaining the changes in risk status within adjacent monitoring periods, these changes are used as the risk change rate input to characterize the speed of risk change in the current stage.

[0097] Subsequently, the risk change rate is compared step by step according to the pre-set risk change rate classification intervals to determine which risk change rate classification interval the risk change rate falls into.

[0098] When the rate of risk change meets the value range of a certain risk change rate classification interval, the rate of risk change in the current monitoring period is determined to correspond to the risk change level associated with that classification interval, thereby converting the continuously changing rate of risk change into a discrete risk change level for subsequent processing.

[0099] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the risk change level is converted into a risk level coefficient for use in threshold assessment calculation according to a preset level mapping rule, based on the risk change level, including: First, during the system initialization phase, risk level coefficients are pre-set for different risk change levels to reflect the degree of influence of different risk change levels during the threshold adjustment process.

[0100] Subsequently, after determining the risk change level corresponding to the current monitoring period, the risk level coefficient corresponding to the risk change level is selected from the pre-set risk level coefficient set according to the level mapping rule.

[0101] By using the above methods, the risk change level is transformed into a risk level coefficient that can be directly involved in subsequent environmental risk assessment and adjustment, so that the risk change trend can participate in the threshold adjustment process in a quantitative form.

[0102] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the environmental input data is processed according to a preset environmental assessment rule to obtain multiple environmental assessment components that respectively characterize the stability of the construction environment, the complexity of the working conditions, and the completeness of the protection conditions, including: First, within each monitoring cycle, environmental input data related to the construction site environment is acquired. The environmental input data includes at least the structural status of the construction area, changes in working conditions, and the configuration of protective facilities.

[0103] Subsequently, according to the preset environmental assessment rules, the environmental input data is classified and processed. Data related to the structure and support status of the construction area are assigned to the environmental assessment component that characterizes the stability of the construction environment. Data related to the operation mode, operation frequency, and operation interference factors are assigned to the environmental assessment component that characterizes the complexity of the operation conditions. Data related to the configuration and usage status of protective facilities are assigned to the environmental assessment component that characterizes the completeness of the protective conditions.

[0104] Through the above-mentioned splitting process, environmental information from different sources and of different natures is divided into corresponding environmental assessment components, providing a basis for subsequent environmental risk quantification.

[0105] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, environmental risk quantification processing is performed on the construction environment within the current monitoring period based on multiple environmental assessment components to generate environmental risk assessment values ​​for use in threshold assessment calculations, including: First, after obtaining the environmental assessment components corresponding to the stability of the construction environment, the complexity of the working conditions, and the completeness of the protection conditions, the risk level of each environmental assessment component is assessed according to the preset environmental risk quantification rules, so that each environmental assessment component corresponds to an assessment result that reflects the risk level.

[0106] Subsequently, based on the preset environmental risk quantification rules, the assessment results corresponding to each environmental assessment component are comprehensively processed so that different types of risk factors in the construction environment can jointly form a unified environmental risk assessment result.

[0107] By using the above method, multiple environmental assessment components are integrated into a single environmental risk assessment value, which is used to characterize the overall impact of the construction environment on the risk of falling from heights during the current monitoring period.

[0108] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the environmental risk assessment value is adjusted according to the risk level coefficient to obtain a comprehensive assessment result that reflects both the impact of the risk change rate and the environmental risk impact, including: First, the environmental risk assessment values ​​determined within the current monitoring period are used as the basic assessment results to characterize the impact of the construction environment on the risk of operations near the airspace.

[0109] Subsequently, a risk level coefficient corresponding to the current risk change level is introduced, and the risk level coefficient is applied to the environmental risk assessment value according to the preset adjustment rules, so that the environmental risk assessment value can be adjusted accordingly according to the risk change trend.

[0110] When the risk change level is high, the adjustment process increases the overall assessment result to reflect the accelerated evolution of risk over time; when the risk change level is low, the adjustment process keeps the overall assessment result at a relatively stable level, so that the final overall assessment result can simultaneously reflect the combined impact of construction environment risk and risk change rate on threshold adjustment.

[0111] Embodiments of the present invention also provide an intelligent early warning system for construction workers falling from heights, the system comprising: The monitoring and acquisition module is used to continuously monitor construction personnel in the open work area of ​​the construction site. It periodically acquires the spatial location information, body posture information and safety protection status information of the construction personnel within a preset time interval. The body posture information includes the body center of gravity position and body tilt angle. The displacement analysis module is used to calculate the displacement change of construction personnel in the direction of the boundary of the open-air work area based on the spatial location information obtained in adjacent monitoring cycles, and to determine whether the construction personnel have entered the preset open-air hazard judgment range. The posture parameter generation module is used to acquire the changes in body center of gravity, body tilt angle and displacement over multiple consecutive monitoring cycles when construction personnel enter the area of ​​potential danger. Based on the changes in each monitoring cycle, it generates periodic posture change parameters that reflect the degree of posture change of the construction personnel. The risk state quantity generation module is used to accumulate and process attitude change parameters over multiple consecutive cycles to generate risk state quantities that characterize the evolution of the risk of construction workers falling from heights. The risk assessment module compares the risk status quantity with the risk status threshold that is adaptively adjusted according to the construction scenario. When the risk status quantity does not reach the risk status threshold, it is determined that the construction personnel are still in a controllable working state. The protection status verification module is used to determine whether the construction personnel are effectively connected to the fall protection device when the construction personnel are in a controllable working state, based on the safety protection status information. When the effective connection is maintained, the current risk status is maintained and no fall warning information is output. The early warning output module is used to generate a fall risk warning signal and output corresponding warning information when the risk status quantity reaches or exceeds the risk status threshold, or when it is determined that the construction personnel are not effectively connected to the fall protection device.

[0112] It should be noted that this system is a system corresponding to the above method. All implementation methods in the above method embodiments are applicable to this embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0113] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computing device, including: a processor and a memory storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, performs the method described above. All implementations in the above method embodiments are applicable to this embodiment and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0114] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described above. All implementations in the above method embodiments are applicable to this embodiment and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0115] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent early warning of construction workers falling from heights, characterized in that, The method includes: In the open work area of ​​the construction site, the construction personnel are continuously monitored, and their spatial location information, body posture information and safety protection status information are periodically acquired at preset time intervals. The body posture information includes the position of the body's center of gravity and the body tilt angle. Based on the spatial location information obtained in adjacent monitoring cycles, the displacement change of construction personnel in the direction towards the boundary of the air-to-ground work area is calculated, and it is determined whether the construction personnel have entered the preset air-to-ground hazard judgment range. When construction workers enter the area of ​​potential danger, the changes in the position of the body's center of gravity, the changes in the body's tilt angle, and the changes in displacement are obtained in multiple consecutive monitoring cycles. Based on the changes in each monitoring cycle, periodic posture change parameters reflecting the degree of posture change of the construction workers are generated. The attitude change parameters of multiple consecutive cycles are accumulated and processed to generate a risk state quantity that characterizes the evolution of the risk of construction workers falling from height; The risk status quantity is compared with the risk status threshold that is adaptively adjusted according to the construction scenario. When the risk status quantity does not reach the risk status threshold, it is determined that the construction personnel are still in a controllable working state. If the construction workers are determined to be in a controllable working state, the safety protection status information is combined to determine whether the construction workers are effectively connected to the fall protection device. When they are effectively connected, the current risk status is maintained and no fall warning information is output. When the risk status quantity reaches or exceeds the risk status threshold, or when it is determined that the construction personnel are not effectively connected to the fall protection device, an early warning signal for the risk of falling from a height is generated and the corresponding warning information is output.

2. The intelligent early warning method for construction workers falling from heights according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the spatial location information obtained within adjacent monitoring periods, the displacement change of construction personnel in the direction towards the boundary of the open-air work area is calculated, and it is determined whether the construction personnel have entered the preset open-air hazard assessment range, including: Within each monitoring cycle, the boundary distance between the current location of the construction personnel and the boundary of the open-air work area is calculated based on the spatial location information of the construction personnel. Based on the boundary distance values ​​corresponding to adjacent monitoring periods, the difference between the boundary distance value of the previous monitoring period and the boundary distance value of the current monitoring period is calculated to obtain the displacement change of the construction personnel towards the boundary of the open-air work area in the current monitoring period. Based on the displacement changes obtained in multiple consecutive monitoring periods, the direction of each displacement change is determined according to the time sequence of the monitoring periods, and the displacement direction determination result for each monitoring period is obtained. When the displacement direction determination results for multiple consecutive monitoring cycles all point to the boundary of the airspace operation area, and the corresponding displacement change meets the preset continuous displacement determination conditions, a judgment result of entering the airspace hazard determination range is generated based on the displacement direction determination results and the displacement change.

3. The intelligent early warning method for construction workers falling from heights according to claim 1, characterized in that, The changes in body center of gravity position, body tilt angle, and displacement are acquired over multiple consecutive monitoring periods. Based on these changes in each monitoring period, periodic posture change parameters reflecting the degree of posture change of the construction worker are generated, including: Within each monitoring cycle, the position of the construction worker's center of gravity and the angle of body tilt are obtained, and combined with the spatial position information within the corresponding monitoring cycle, the basic posture data for that monitoring cycle is formed. Based on the basic posture data in adjacent monitoring cycles, the body center of gravity position of the previous monitoring cycle and the current monitoring cycle are compared to generate the change in the body center of gravity position in the current monitoring cycle, and the body tilt angle is compared to generate the change in the body tilt angle in the current monitoring cycle. The changes in body center of gravity, body tilt angle, and displacement obtained within the current monitoring period are used as the posture change input data for the same monitoring period. Based on the attitude change input data, the three types of changes are processed uniformly according to the preset attitude parameter generation rules to generate periodic attitude change parameters for the corresponding monitoring period.

4. The intelligent early warning method for construction workers falling from heights according to claim 1, characterized in that, By accumulating and processing attitude change parameters over multiple consecutive cycles, a risk state quantity is generated to characterize the evolution of the risk of construction workers falling from heights, including: Within the initial monitoring period, the initial risk state quantity is determined based on the periodic attitude change parameters corresponding to the initial monitoring period. In each subsequent monitoring cycle, the periodic attitude change parameter corresponding to the current monitoring cycle is compared with the periodic attitude change parameter corresponding to the previous monitoring cycle to obtain the attitude change amount of the periodic attitude change parameter. Based on the correspondence between the attitude change amount and the preset attitude change range, and based on the number of monitoring cycles corresponding to the current monitoring cycle, the incremental update method for the risk state quantity used in this monitoring cycle is determined, and the risk state quantity corresponding to the previous monitoring cycle is updated according to the incremental update method to generate the risk state quantity corresponding to the current monitoring cycle.

5. The intelligent early warning method for construction workers falling from heights according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the correspondence between attitude change and preset attitude change range, and based on the number of monitoring cycles corresponding to the current monitoring cycle, the incremental update method for risk status quantities used in this monitoring cycle is determined. The risk status quantities corresponding to the previous monitoring cycle are then updated according to the incremental update method to generate the risk status quantities corresponding to the current monitoring cycle, including: Compare the attitude change with multiple attitude change intervals to determine the attitude change interval in which the attitude change is located. Based on the determined attitude change range, select the incremental update coefficient corresponding to the attitude change range. Different attitude change ranges correspond to different sizes of incremental update coefficients. Based on the number of monitoring periods corresponding to the current monitoring period, the incremental update coefficient is corrected to obtain the target incremental update coefficient corresponding to the current monitoring period. The risk increment value corresponding to the current monitoring period is obtained by multiplying the attitude change amount with the target increment update coefficient. The risk increment value is accumulated with the risk status value corresponding to the previous monitoring period to generate the risk status value corresponding to the current monitoring period.

6. The intelligent early warning method for construction workers falling from heights according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive adjustment method for the risk status threshold includes: When construction workers enter the airspace operation area, the system obtains information on the type of airspace operation area, the type of work performed by the construction workers, and the corresponding hazard level of the construction area to form the initial input data for threshold setting. Based on the initial input data, it is matched with multiple preset basic risk threshold intervals to determine the basic risk threshold interval corresponding to the current construction scenario, and the initial risk state threshold is selected within the determined basic risk threshold interval. Continuously acquire real-time environmental information and behavioral change information of construction personnel at the construction site, and use the real-time environmental information and behavioral change information as environmental input data for dynamic threshold adjustment; Within multiple consecutive monitoring periods, the changes in risk status quantities between adjacent monitoring periods are obtained, and the rate of change is calculated and processed to generate a risk change rate that characterizes the trend of risk changes for construction workers. Based on the rate of risk change and environmental input data, a joint assessment of risk change trends and construction environment risks is conducted, and a threshold adjustment coefficient is determined based on the joint assessment results to adjust the initial risk state threshold. The initial risk state threshold is dynamically adjusted based on the threshold adjustment coefficient to generate the current risk state threshold.

7. The intelligent early warning method for construction workers falling from heights according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the rate of risk change and environmental input data, a joint assessment of risk change trends and construction environmental risks is conducted. Based on the joint assessment results, a threshold adjustment coefficient is determined to adjust the initial risk state threshold, including: The risk change rate is compared with the preset risk change rate classification intervals level by level to determine the risk change level corresponding to the risk change rate in the current monitoring period. Based on the risk change level, and in accordance with the preset level mapping rules, the risk change level is converted into a risk level coefficient for use in threshold assessment calculations. The environmental input data is split and processed according to the preset environmental assessment rules to obtain multiple environmental assessment components that respectively characterize the stability of the construction environment, the complexity of the working conditions, and the completeness of the protection conditions. Based on multiple environmental assessment components, the environmental risk quantification process is performed on the construction environment within the current monitoring period to generate environmental risk assessment values ​​for use in threshold assessment calculations. The environmental risk assessment value is adjusted according to the risk level coefficient to obtain a comprehensive assessment result that reflects both the rate of risk change and the environmental risk impact. The comprehensive evaluation result is compared with multiple preset threshold adjustment coefficient ranges to determine the threshold adjustment coefficient range in which the comprehensive evaluation result falls, and the threshold adjustment coefficient corresponding to the coefficient range is selected as the threshold adjustment coefficient used to adjust the initial risk status threshold.

8. An intelligent early warning system for construction workers falling from heights, characterized in that, The system, used in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprises: The monitoring and acquisition module is used to continuously monitor construction personnel in the open work area of ​​the construction site. It periodically acquires the spatial location information, body posture information and safety protection status information of the construction personnel within a preset time interval. The body posture information includes the body center of gravity position and body tilt angle. The displacement analysis module is used to calculate the displacement change of construction personnel in the direction of the boundary of the open-air work area based on the spatial location information obtained in adjacent monitoring cycles, and to determine whether the construction personnel have entered the preset open-air hazard judgment range. The posture parameter generation module is used to acquire the changes in body center of gravity, body tilt angle and displacement over multiple consecutive monitoring cycles when construction personnel enter the area of ​​potential danger. Based on the changes in each monitoring cycle, it generates periodic posture change parameters that reflect the degree of posture change of the construction personnel. The risk state quantity generation module is used to accumulate and process attitude change parameters over multiple consecutive cycles to generate risk state quantities that characterize the evolution of the risk of construction workers falling from heights. The risk assessment module compares the risk status quantity with the risk status threshold that is adaptively adjusted according to the construction scenario. When the risk status quantity does not reach the risk status threshold, it is determined that the construction personnel are still in a controllable working state. The protection status verification module is used to determine whether the construction personnel are effectively connected to the fall protection device when the construction personnel are in a controllable working state, based on the safety protection status information. When the effective connection is maintained, the current risk status is maintained and no fall warning information is output. The early warning output module is used to generate a fall risk warning signal and output corresponding warning information when the risk status quantity reaches or exceeds the risk status threshold, or when it is determined that the construction personnel are not effectively connected to the fall protection device.

9. A computing device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; A storage device for storing one or more programs, which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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