Monitoring and early warning system based on marine ecology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of marine ecology monitoring, and discloses a marine ecology-based monitoring and early warning system, which comprises a monitoring terminal, a data transmission module for transmitting monitoring data acquired by the monitoring terminal to a data analysis and processing module, and an early warning module for performing early warning according to an ecological risk assessment result of the analysis and processing module, the early warning module is used for issuing early warning information in a grading manner; the monitoring terminal comprises a hydro-meteorological monitoring module and a water body environment monitoring module; the water body environment monitoring module comprises a water body monitoring unit, a sediment monitoring unit and an acquisition unit. According to the monitoring and early warning system based on marine ecology, the hydrometeorological monitoring module and the water body environment monitoring module are integrated, so that multi-dimensional monitoring data can be synchronously acquired, and comprehensive evaluation of marine ecological conditions is realized; and a box-type mud sampler for collecting seabed sediments and a water body collector for collecting water bodies with different depths are jointly arranged on a steel rope through the collecting unit, so that an efficient and synergistic collecting combination is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine ecological monitoring technology, specifically to a monitoring and early warning system based on marine ecology. Background Technology

[0002] As a vital component of the Earth's biosphere, the marine ecosystem plays a crucial role in regulating climate, providing habitats for organisms, maintaining biodiversity, and supporting human economic activities such as fishing and shipping. Its health and stability are irreplaceable for global ecological balance and sustainable human development. In recent years, the marine ecological environment has faced multiple pressures due to the combined effects of human activities and natural factors, including global climate change, coastal industrial pollution, overfishing, offshore oil and gas development, and shipping. These include frequent red tides caused by eutrophication, leading to mass mortality of marine life in some areas; the accumulation of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants in seabed sediments, damaging the habitats of benthic organisms; abnormal fluctuations in key indicators such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH at different depths, affecting the structure of marine biological communities; and rising sea levels and increased extreme weather events further exacerbating the vulnerability of marine ecosystems. All these issues pose a serious threat to marine ecological security.

[0003] Against this backdrop, marine ecological monitoring and early warning have become core means to promptly grasp the ecological status and prevent ecological risks. However, existing marine ecological monitoring technologies still have many limitations: First, the monitoring dimensions are relatively singular. Most systems only focus on monitoring single indicators of the water environment or hydrometeorology, lacking the synchronous collection of multi-dimensional data on "hydrometeorology-water environment-seabed sediments," making it difficult to comprehensively reflect the overall interconnected characteristics of the marine ecosystem and leading to a one-sided ecological risk assessment. Second, the design of collection equipment is unreasonable. Seabed sediment collection and collection from different water depths often rely on separate deployment of independent equipment, which not only makes the offshore operation process cumbersome and complex, but also makes it difficult to ensure the spatiotemporal correlation between sediment samples and corresponding water layer samples, reducing the matching degree and analytical value of monitoring data. Third, during sediment collection, the depth control precision is insufficient, and samples are easily dispersed by ocean currents or disturbed by seawater during the ascent, making it difficult to guarantee sample integrity and purity. Fourth, water body collection is mostly single-depth, single-time collection, lacking the ability to collect water bodies at different depths in an orderly and independent manner, which easily leads to the mixing of water body samples from different depths, affecting pH. Fifth, the accuracy of key indicators such as pH, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients is limited; the deployment and positioning efficiency of the collection units is low, making it difficult to achieve simultaneous sampling in multiple areas, thus limiting the monitoring coverage and operational efficiency and failing to meet the actual needs of large-scale, high-precision marine ecological monitoring.

[0004] Therefore, developing a marine ecological monitoring and early warning system that can integrate multi-dimensional monitoring modules, achieve efficient collaborative collection of sediments and water bodies at different depths, ensure sample quality and data correlation, and improve monitoring coverage and operational efficiency has become a key issue that urgently needs to be addressed in the field of marine ecological monitoring technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a marine ecology-based monitoring and early warning system to solve the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a monitoring and early warning system based on marine ecology, comprising: The system includes a monitoring terminal, a data transmission module for transmitting monitoring data collected by the monitoring terminal to a data analysis and processing module, and an early warning module for issuing early warning information in a tiered manner based on the ecological risk assessment results of the analysis and processing module. The monitoring terminal includes a hydrological and meteorological monitoring module and a water environment monitoring module; The water environment monitoring module includes a water monitoring unit, a sediment monitoring unit, and a collection unit. Each monitoring unit is used to monitor the water and sediment collected by the collection unit. The collection unit includes a box-type sediment sampler mounted on a steel cable and a water sampler. The box-type sediment sampler is used to collect sediments from the seabed, and the water sampler is used to collect water samples at different depths.

[0007] Preferably, the steel rope is used to deploy the box-type mud sampler and water sampler into the ocean for sediment and water collection via a winch mounted on the ship; The top of the steel rope is equipped with a float and a suspension device, and a GPS locator is installed on the float.

[0008] Preferably, the box-type mud sampler includes a box body with open top and bottom, and the bottom end of the steel rope is fixed to the top of the box body by a mounting frame; The interior of the box is equipped with a hammering penetration assembly for controlling the depth of the box into the seabed mud layer by gravity hammering, including a hammering block and a drive structure for driving the hammering block up and down. The interior of the enclosure is equipped with a sealing assembly for sealing the opening at the bottom of the enclosure, including two rubber plates embedded in the interlayer of the inner wall of the enclosure and two control structures for removing the two rubber plates from the interlayer.

[0009] Preferably, the driving structure includes a cylindrical tube fixed inside the housing, the cylindrical tube being narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, and a force-bearing part is provided in the middle. The cylindrical tube is equipped with a lifting cylinder for lifting the hammer block upwards. The lifting cylinder moves the hammer block to a high position in the cylindrical tube and then drops it to the force-bearing part, forming a hammering action.

[0010] Preferably, the telescopic end of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to a powerful magnet, and the hammer block is slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the cylindrical tube, and is made of a metal material that can be attracted by a powerful magnet. The narrow upper part of the cylindrical tube is made of insulating material that does not affect the attraction of the strong magnet. The top of the cylindrical tube is provided with a blocking area A, which is used to limit the upward lifting of the hammer block, so that the strong magnet moves away from the center of the hammer block and loses its attraction to the hammer block.

[0011] Preferably, two movable frames are horizontally slidably connected at the bottom opening of the box, and two sets of rubber plates are fixedly connected to the two movable frames respectively; The control structure includes a movable seat that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the box, a spring assembly for lifting the movable seat upwards, and an electromagnetic latch for engaging the movable seat. The movable seat is hinged to two movable frames via two inclined transmission rods.

[0012] Preferably, the protective frame inside the housing is connected in a sliding manner, and the protective frame is provided with a water filter membrane inside, and the housing is provided with a touch switch for controlling the sealing components.

[0013] Preferably, the water collector includes an annular cylinder sleeved on the outer surface of the steel rope. A float and several baffles are installed at the bottom of the annular cylinder. The baffles divide the annular inner cavity of the annular cylinder into several storage chambers, and each storage chamber is provided with an inlet and a outlet pipe at the top and bottom. The top of the annular cylinder is provided with a control component for controlling several injection ports. The control component includes an annular sealing plate rotatably connected to the top of the annular cylinder, and the outer surface of the annular sealing plate is provided with a notch area B. The annular sealing plate is rotated by at least one conversion component. When the notch area B on the annular sealing plate is rotated above one of the injection ports by the conversion component, water can enter the storage cavity through the injection port.

[0014] Preferably, the conversion component includes a geared disc rotatably connected to the top of the annular cylinder, and the geared disc meshes with the annular teeth on the inner surface of the annular sealing plate. The top of the annular cylinder is fixed with an inclined L-shaped transmission frame by an elastic telescopic rod, and the outer side of the L-shaped transmission frame is hinged with a linkage rod by a fixing frame. One end of the linkage rod is rotatably connected to the top of the geared disc by a rotating shaft. Several cylindrical blocks are fixed to the outer surface of the steel rope, and the cylindrical blocks are used to squeeze the L-shaped transmission frame to make the gear plate rotate.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom of the annular cylinder is provided with a metal base, and the top of the mounting frame is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic base for magnetic adsorption of the metal base. The electromagnetic base is used to magnetically adsorb the metal base after being energized, so that the water collector is connected to the box-type mud collector.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with existing technologies, the present invention provides a marine ecology-based monitoring and early warning system, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention integrates a hydrological and meteorological monitoring module with a water environment monitoring module, enabling the simultaneous collection of multi-dimensional monitoring data such as water level, wind speed, water temperature, nutrients, and sediment composition. This data is transmitted in real-time to a data analysis and processing module, achieving a comprehensive assessment of marine ecological conditions. Furthermore, the collection unit integrates a box-type sediment sampler for seabed sediment collection with water samplers for collection at different depths, mounted together on a steel cable. This forms a highly efficient and collaborative collection combination. On one hand, it achieves full coverage of key monitoring targets in the marine environment, encompassing both seabed sediments and water samples at different depths, simultaneously acquiring two types of core samples. This provides a complete data source for multi-dimensional marine ecological analysis, avoiding the limitations of single-sample collection. On the other hand, the shared steel cable design allows for simultaneous deployment and retrieval, eliminating the need for separate equipment deployment. This significantly simplifies marine operations, reduces operational complexity and time costs, and ensures the correlation between sediment samples and corresponding water layer samples, improving the matching accuracy and analytical value of monitoring data, thus better meeting the actual needs of marine ecological monitoring.

[0017] This invention achieves precise sampling of seabed sediment at different depths using a hammer-operated probe component in a box-type sediment sampler. The hammering block, aided by a lifting cylinder and a powerful magnet, generates an efficient hammering action, allowing for depth control based on monitoring needs and accommodating sediment samples of varying thicknesses. Simultaneously, the sealing component, through the synergistic action of a rubber plate and transmission structure, ensures sealed sediment sample collection. Combined with the design of a protective frame and filter membrane, this effectively prevents samples from being dispersed by ocean currents or disturbed by seawater during lifting, ensuring the integrity and purity of the sediment samples.

[0018] The water sampler of this invention adopts a multi-storage-cavity structure. Through the linkage of an annular sealing plate and a conversion component, it achieves orderly collection of water samples from different depths under the triggering of a steel cable cylindrical block. The collection process proceeds step by step from bottom to top, with each storage cavity independently sealed to avoid mixing of water samples from different depths and ensure the accuracy of water monitoring indicators (such as pH value, dissolved oxygen, etc.) detection results.

[0019] The data collection unit of this invention is deployed and retrieved in conjunction with a ship's winch using a steel cable. A buoy at the top of the steel cable ensures the vertical orientation of the data collection unit. A GPS locator can accurately locate multiple data collection units, allowing staff to deploy multiple collection points at once and achieve simultaneous sampling in different sea areas and multiple regions, significantly improving monitoring coverage and operational efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of the marine ecology-based monitoring and early warning system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the acquisition unit of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the box-type mud sampler and water body collector of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the casing of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hammer-impact probe assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a side sectional view of the housing of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the water sampler of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the annular cylinder and the control component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the separation of the control component and the annular cylinder of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a top view of the cross-section of the annular cylinder of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 100, steel cable; 110, buoy; 120, suspension component; 200. Box-type mud sampler; 201. Box body; 202. Protective frame; 203. Touch switch; 240. Hammering probe assembly; 241. Hammering block; 242. Cylindrical tube; 243. Lifting cylinder; 244. Powerful magnet; 250. Sealing assembly; 251. Rubber sheet; 252. Moving frame; 253. Moving base; 254. Spring assembly; 255. Electromagnetic buckle; 256. Transmission rod; 300. Water collector; 301. Annular cylinder; 302. Floating component; 303. Partition plate; 304. Metal base; 305. Electromagnetic base; 310. Control component; 311. Annular sealing plate; 312. Gear disc; 313. Elastic telescopic rod; 314. L-shaped transmission frame; 315. Linkage rod; 316. Columnar block. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1: See attached document Figures 1 to 10 A marine ecology-based monitoring and early warning system includes: The system includes a monitoring terminal, a data transmission module for transmitting monitoring data collected by the monitoring terminal to a data analysis and processing module, and an early warning module for issuing early warning information in a tiered manner based on the ecological risk assessment results of the analysis and processing module. The data analysis and processing module receives monitoring data and analyzes and assesses the marine ecological status and identifies ecological risks based on preset standard thresholds and assessment models. The monitoring terminal includes a hydro-meteorological monitoring module and a water environment monitoring module. The hydro-meteorological monitoring module includes a water level gauge, an ADCP flow meter, a CTD sensor, an anemometer and barometer, which are used to monitor indicators such as water level, flow velocity and direction, water temperature and salinity, wind speed and direction, and air pressure, respectively. The water environment monitoring module includes a pH meter, dissolved oxygen meter, spectrophotometer and turbidity meter, used to monitor indicators such as pH value, dissolved oxygen, nutrients, chemical oxygen demand, and suspended solids; The water environment monitoring module includes a water monitoring unit, a sediment monitoring unit, and a collection unit. Each monitoring unit is used to monitor the water and sediment collected by the collection unit. The collection unit includes a box-type sediment sampler 200 mounted on a steel cable 100 and a water sampler 300. The box-type sediment sampler 200 is used to collect sediments from the seabed, and the water sampler 300 is used to collect water at different depths.

[0024] See attached document Figure 1 The steel cable 100 is used to deploy the box-type mud sampler 200 and the water sampler 300 into the ocean for sediment and water collection by means of a winch installed on the ship; the top of the steel cable 100 is equipped with a buoy 110 and a suspension component 120, and a GPS locator is installed on the buoy 110. The buoy 110 ensures the verticality of the steel cable 100, improving the smoothness of subsequent water sample collection at different depths by the water sampler 300. The suspension 120 facilitates the retrieval of the collection unit via a winch driven by the ship. The GPS locator is used to locate each individual collection unit, making subsequent retrieval easier. This design allows staff to deploy multiple collection units at once to collect samples from different areas, further improving work efficiency.

[0025] See attached document Figures 3 to 6 The box-type mud sampler 200 includes a box body 201 with open top and bottom, and the bottom end of the steel rope 100 is fixed to the top of the box body 201 by a mounting bracket. The box body 201 is provided with several drain ports and filter holes. The drain ports and filter holes are used to drain the seawater inside the box body 201, thereby reducing the gravity of the box-type mud sampler 200 when it falls to the sea surface. This not only reduces the interference of seawater on the sample during sample extraction, but also reduces the workload of the winch. The box 201 is equipped with a hammering probe component 240 for controlling the depth of the box 201 into the seabed mud layer by gravity hammering. The component includes a hammering block 241 and a drive structure for driving the hammering block 241 up and down. The drive structure drives the hammering block 241 to move upward and then allows the hammering block 241 to fall freely, thereby impacting the box-type mud sampler 200. This allows the sampler to collect samples at different depths. Moreover, by placing the hammering probe component 240 inside the box 201, the hammering force is increased, the interference with the surrounding environment is reduced, and the subsequent collection performance is improved. The interior of the housing 201 is equipped with a sealing assembly 250 for sealing the bottom opening of the housing 201. This assembly includes two rubber plates 251 embedded in the inner wall interlayer of the housing 201 and two control structures for removing the two rubber plates 251 from the interlayer. By removing the two rubber plates 251 from the inner wall interlayer of the housing 201 through the control structures, the bottom opening of the housing 201 can be sealed, thus enabling sediment collection.

[0026] See attached document Figure 5 The drive structure includes a cylindrical tube 242 fixed inside the housing 201. The cylindrical tube 242 is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, and a force-bearing part is provided in the middle. The cylindrical tube 242 is equipped with a lifting cylinder 243 for lifting the hammer block 241 upward. The lifting cylinder 243 moves the hammer block 241 to a high position in the cylindrical tube 242 and then drops it to the force-bearing part to form a hammering action. The lifting cylinder 243 is connected to the control system using existing connection and control methods. It is used to drive the hammer block 241 to move up and down, forming the probing movement of the box-type mud sampler 200, thereby improving its sediment collection effect and meeting the collection work of sediments of different thicknesses.

[0027] See attached document Figure 5 The telescopic end of the lifting cylinder 243 is fixedly connected to a powerful magnet 244, and the hammer block 241 is slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the cylindrical tube 242 and is made of a metal material that can be attracted by the powerful magnet 244; the upper narrow part of the cylindrical tube 242 is an insulating material that does not affect the attraction of the powerful magnet 244; a blocking area A is provided at the top of the cylindrical tube 242 to limit the upward lifting of the hammer block 241, so that the powerful magnet 244 moves away from the center of the hammer block 241 and loses its attraction to the hammer block 241; the insulating material includes, but is not limited to, wood, ceramic, plastic, etc. By setting up the blocking area A, when the powerful magnet 244 carries the hammer block 241 to this area, the powerful magnet 244 will lose its magnetic attraction to the hammer block 241 as it rises continuously. Then, the hammer block 241 will fall due to its own gravity and impact the force-bearing part, forming the box-type mud sampler 200 to probe downward. The operation is simple, and the transmission method of the hammer block 241 is simple and easy to replicate.

[0028] See attached document Figure 6 The bottom opening of the housing 201 has two movable frames 252 connected horizontally in a sliding manner, and two sets of rubber plates 251 are fixedly connected to the two movable frames 252 respectively; the control structure includes a movable seat 253 slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing 201, a spring assembly 254 for lifting the movable seat 253 upward, and an electromagnetic buckle 255 for engaging the movable seat 253. The movable seat 253 is hinged to the two movable frames 252 through two inclined transmission rods 256, and the spring assembly 254 and the electromagnetic buckle 255 are fixed to the inner wall of the housing 201 by a bracket; As attached Figure 6 As shown, the spring assembly 254 is in a charged state at this time. When the electromagnetic latch 255 loses its engagement with the movable seat 253, the elastic force of the spring assembly 254 itself can press the movable seat 253 upwards, causing it to move upwards. This, in turn, drives the two moving frames 252 to move in opposite directions via the two transmission rods 256, thereby unfolding the rubber plate 251 in the interlayer. This seals the opening at the bottom of the box 201, completing the final sediment collection. (See attached image) Figure 6As shown, the spring assembly 254 is in a charged state at this time. By using spring compression to perform sampling, the rubber plate 251 can be slowly extended based on the resistance during the sample interception process, thus reducing its interference with sediments in other areas and achieving orderly and stable sampling. The electromagnetic buckle 255 adopts the control structure of the existing technology that uses electromagnet induction to control the extension and retraction of the buckling end. Other electric buckle methods can also be used. The rubber plate 251 not only has a certain strength, but can also be flipped at a certain angle, which facilitates removal or insertion from the interlayer.

[0029] See attached document Figure 4 The protective frame 202 inside the housing 201 is connected in a sliding manner, and the protective frame 202 is provided with a water filter membrane inside, and the housing 201 is provided with a touch switch 203 for controlling the sealing component 250. The protective frame 202 and the filter membrane are used to protect the upper layer of the collected sample. Since most of the subsequent monitoring involves extracting substances from the upper layer of the sample for testing, this design protects this area from being easily dispersed by ocean currents during lifting or other movements, preventing insufficient sample volume and the need for repeated sampling. The touch switch 203 is used to control the sealing of the sealing component 250 when the protective frame 202 is raised as the sample is inserted and moves to touch the switch, thus initiating sample collection. This prevents insufficient sample volume and the need for multiple subsequent collections. Furthermore, the height of the touch switch 203 is adjustable to accommodate different collection volumes, thereby improving the functionality of sediment collection.

[0030] Example 2: The difference from Example 1 is that; See attached document Figures 7 to 10 The water sampler 300 includes an annular cylinder 301 sleeved on the outer surface of the steel cable 100. A float 302 and several baffles 303 are installed at the bottom inner part of the annular cylinder 301. The baffles 303 divide the annular cavity of the annular cylinder 301 into several storage chambers, and each storage chamber has an inlet and an outlet pipe at its top and bottom. The float 302 increases the buoyancy of the water sampler 300, allowing it to rise continuously even when fully loaded with water, thus satisfying the needs of different sample volumes and depths. The several storage chambers are used to store water samples at different depths. When collecting water samples at different depths, a bottom-up sequence is adopted. The top of the annular cylinder 301 is provided with a control component 310 for controlling several injection ports. The control component 310 includes an annular sealing plate 311 rotatably connected to the top of the annular cylinder 301. The outer surface of the annular sealing plate 311 is provided with a notch area B. The annular sealing plate 311 is driven to rotate by at least one conversion component. When the notch area B on the annular sealing plate 311 is rotated above one of the injection ports by the conversion component, water can enter the storage cavity through the injection port. When the water collector 300 moves to different depths, the continuous conversion of the notch area B of the annular sealing plate 311 by the conversion component can form a continuous water collection operation and realize different amounts of water collection.

[0031] Example 3: The difference from Example 2 is that; See attached document Figure 8 and Figure 9 The conversion component includes a geared disc 312 rotatably connected to the top of the annular cylinder 301, and the geared disc 312 meshes with the annular teeth on the inner surface of the annular sealing plate 311. An inclined L-shaped transmission frame 314 is fixed to the top of the annular cylinder 301 by an elastic telescopic rod 313, and a linkage rod 315 is hinged to the outer side of the L-shaped transmission frame 314 by a fixed frame. One end of the linkage rod 315 is rotatably connected to the top of the geared disc 312 by a rotating shaft. Several cylindrical blocks 316 are fixed to the outer surface of the steel rope 100, and the cylindrical blocks 316 are used to squeeze the L-shaped transmission frame 314 to make the geared disc 312 rotate. When the annular cylinder 301 rises to the position of the cylindrical block 316 due to its own buoyancy, the buoyancy causes the cylindrical block 316 to press against the L-shaped transmission frame 314. This, in turn, drives the linkage rod 315 to rotate the gear disc 312 180 degrees. Combined with the rotational inertia of the gear disc 312 and the elastic compressive force of the elastic telescopic rod 313, the gear disc 312 rotates another 180 degrees, thus completing one revolution of the gear disc 312. The rotation of the gear disc 312 then drives the annular sealing plate 311 to rotate at a certain angle, as shown in the formula: The initial position of the gap area B is located between two adjacent injection ports. When the annular sealing plate 311 drives the gap area B to rotate from this area, water collection can be carried out when the gap area B moves above one of the injection ports. The number of cylindrical blocks 316 is the same as the number of storage chambers, and the staff can adjust the installation position of the cylindrical blocks 316 according to the actual collection location, thus forming an automatic water collection operation at different depths and having a continuous collection function, thereby improving the functionality and convenience of water collection. A gap is reserved between the annular cylinder 301 and the steel rope 100 for the cylindrical block 316 to pass through. When the annular cylinder 301 rises by its own buoyancy, the cylindrical block 316 passes through the middle area, so as not to affect the rising movement of the annular cylinder 301.

[0032] Example 4: The difference from Example 2 is that; See attached document Figure 4 and Figure 7 The bottom of the annular cylinder 301 is provided with a metal base 304, and the top of the mounting frame is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic base 305 for magnetic adsorption of the metal base 304. The electromagnetic base 305 is used to magnetically adsorb the metal base 304 after being powered on, so that the water collector 300 is connected to the box-type mud collector 200. By energizing the electromagnetic base 305 to generate magnetic attraction, the metal base 304 can be attracted, thus ensuring that the box-type mud sampler 200 synchronously drives the water sampler 300 into the water. By de-energizing the electromagnetic base 305, the attraction force on the metal base 304 is lost, and the water sampler 300 is then driven to rise from the bottom of the water by the float 302, forming water collection work at different depths.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring and early warning system based on marine ecology, characterized in that, include: The system includes a monitoring terminal, a data transmission module for transmitting monitoring data collected by the monitoring terminal to a data analysis and processing module, and an early warning module for issuing early warning information in a tiered manner based on the ecological risk assessment results of the analysis and processing module. The monitoring terminal includes a hydrological and meteorological monitoring module and a water environment monitoring module; The water environment monitoring module includes a water monitoring unit, a sediment monitoring unit, and a collection unit. Each monitoring unit is used to monitor the water and sediment collected by the collection unit. The collection unit includes a box-type sediment sampler mounted on a steel cable and a water sampler. The box-type sediment sampler is used to collect sediments from the seabed, and the water sampler is used to collect water samples at different depths.

2. The marine ecology-based monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel rope is used to deploy the box-type mud sampler and water sampler into the ocean for sediment and water collection via a winch installed on the ship; The top of the steel rope is equipped with a float and a suspension device, and a GPS locator is installed on the float.

3. A marine ecology-based monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The box-type mud sampler includes a box body with open top and bottom, and the bottom end of the steel rope is fixed to the top of the box body by a mounting frame; The interior of the box is equipped with a hammering penetration assembly for controlling the depth of the box into the seabed mud layer by gravity hammering, including a hammering block and a drive structure for driving the hammering block up and down. The interior of the enclosure is equipped with a sealing assembly for sealing the opening at the bottom of the enclosure, including two rubber plates embedded in the interlayer of the inner wall of the enclosure and two control structures for removing the two rubber plates from the interlayer.

4. A marine ecology-based monitoring and early warning system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive structure includes a cylindrical tube fixed inside the housing, which is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, and has a force-bearing part in the middle. Inside the cylindrical tube is a lifting cylinder for lifting the hammer block upward. The lifting cylinder moves the hammer block to a high position in the cylindrical tube and then drops it to the force-bearing part, thus forming a hammering action.

5. A marine ecology-based monitoring and early warning system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The telescopic end of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to a powerful magnet, and the hammer block is slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the cylindrical tube, and is made of a metal material that can be attracted by a powerful magnet. The narrow upper part of the cylindrical tube is made of insulating material that does not affect the attraction of the strong magnet. The top of the cylindrical tube is provided with a blocking area A, which is used to limit the upward lifting of the hammer block, so that the strong magnet moves away from the center of the hammer block and loses its attraction to the hammer block.

6. A marine ecology-based monitoring and early warning system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom opening of the box is connected to two movable frames in a horizontal sliding manner, and the two sets of rubber plates are fixedly connected to the two movable frames respectively. The control structure includes a movable seat that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the box, a spring assembly for lifting the movable seat upwards, and an electromagnetic latch for engaging the movable seat. The movable seat is hinged to two movable frames via two inclined transmission rods.

7. A marine ecology-based monitoring and early warning system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The internal structure of the enclosure is equipped with a protective frame that slides vertically, and the inside of the protective frame is equipped with a water filter membrane. The internal structure of the enclosure is also equipped with a touch switch for controlling the sealing components.

8. A marine ecology-based monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water collector includes an annular cylinder sleeved on the outer surface of the steel rope. A float and several baffles are installed at the bottom of the annular cylinder. The baffles divide the annular inner cavity of the annular cylinder into several storage chambers. Each storage chamber is provided with an inlet and a outlet pipe at the top and bottom. The top of the annular cylinder is provided with a control component for controlling several injection ports. The control component includes an annular sealing plate rotatably connected to the top of the annular cylinder, and the outer surface of the annular sealing plate is provided with a notch area B. The annular sealing plate is rotated by at least one conversion component. When the notch area B on the annular sealing plate is rotated above one of the injection ports by the conversion component, water can enter the storage cavity through the injection port.

9. A marine ecology-based monitoring and early warning system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The conversion component includes a gear disk rotatably connected to the top of the annular cylinder, and the gear disk meshes with the annular teeth on the inner surface of the annular sealing plate. The top of the annular cylinder is fixed with an inclined L-shaped transmission frame by an elastic telescopic rod, and the outer side of the L-shaped transmission frame is hinged with a linkage rod by a fixing frame, and one end of the linkage rod is rotatably connected to the top of the gear disk by a rotating shaft. Several cylindrical blocks are fixed to the outer surface of the steel rope, and the cylindrical blocks are used to squeeze the L-shaped transmission frame to make the gear plate rotate.

10. A marine ecology-based monitoring and early warning system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the annular cylinder is provided with a metal base, and the top of the mounting frame is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic base for magnetic adsorption of the metal base. The electromagnetic base is used to magnetically adsorb the metal base after being energized, so that the water collector is connected to the box-type mud collector.

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