Gynecological tumor close-range radiotherapy simulation training teaching equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tumor radiotherapy simulation training, and discloses gynecological tumor close-range radiotherapy simulation training teaching equipment, which comprises a model assembly, a source applicator assembly, a simulation assembly and an extrusion assembly, and is characterized in that the simulation assembly comprises a first annular frame, a second annular frame, a motor and a cylinder body, and the bottom of the second annular frame is fixedly provided with a gear ring; a motor shaft of the motor is rotationally provided with a gear through a connecting rod, the gear is meshed with the gear ring, the bottom end of the gear is fixedly provided with an air bag through a connecting piece, and a piston is arranged in the barrel in a sliding mode and divides the barrel into an upper cavity and a lower cavity which are not communicated with each other. The top end of the cylinder body is communicated with the air bag through a first connector, a guide pipe and a second connector. Through circular motion of the air bag, heating of the heater is combined with the high-expansion characteristic of helium, the air bag is pushed to expand, the dynamic position change and different sizes and forms of a tumor in a human body cavity can be vividly simulated, and the diversity characteristics of clinical focuses are restored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tumor radiotherapy simulation training technology, and in particular to a teaching device for gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training. Background Technology

[0002] Brachytherapy for gynecological tumors is an important radiotherapy method commonly used to treat malignant tumors of the female reproductive system, such as cervical cancer and vaginal cancer. By placing a radiation source into the patient's body cavity or adjacent tissues of the tumor, the tumor receives a high dose of radiation within a short distance, thereby achieving effective local control. In order to help medical students and radiation therapy technicians become familiar with the clinical operation procedures of brachytherapy, intracavitary instrument placement methods, radiation source delivery path planning, and dosimetric assessment, the teaching field is gradually inclined to use repeatable simulation training equipment.

[0003] Existing technologies cannot achieve dynamic adjustment of the simulated lesion's position within the cavity, nor can they controllable changes in its size and shape. This deviates significantly from the actual clinical situation where lesions are diverse in location and shape, making it difficult to reproduce the natural changes in lesions. Consequently, this affects the effectiveness of radiotherapy simulation training and fails to provide trainees with a practical experience that closely matches clinical practice. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Given that existing methods cannot achieve dynamic adjustment of the simulated lesion's position within the cavity, nor controllable changes in its size and shape, and deviate significantly from the actual clinical situation where lesions are diverse in location and shape, making it difficult to reproduce the natural changes in lesions and thus affecting the effectiveness of radiotherapy simulation training, and failing to provide trainees with a practical experience that closely matches clinical reality, this invention is proposed.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching device, comprising a model component, an applicator component, a simulation component, and a compression component. The applicator component, simulation component, and compression component are respectively disposed inside the model component. The simulation component includes a first ring frame, a second ring frame, a motor, and a cylinder. A gear ring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second ring frame. A gear is rotatably mounted on the motor shaft of the motor through a connecting rod. The gear and the gear ring mesh with each other. An airbag is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the gear through a connecting piece. A piston is slidably disposed inside the cylinder, and the piston divides the cylinder into two non-communicating cavities. The top end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the airbag through a first connector, a conduit, a second connector, and a first connector.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching device of the present invention, the model component includes an upper model, a lower model and a connecting tube. The upper model and the lower model are a pair, and the interior of the upper model and the lower model are respectively provided with hemispherical cavities. The two hemispherical cavities are combined to form a complete cavity. A through groove is provided on the side of the upper model and the lower model that are in contact. The connecting tube is disposed in the through groove of the upper model and the lower model.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching device of the present invention, wherein: the upper model has insert blocks fixedly installed on both sides by connecting blocks, and the two ends of the insert blocks are respectively provided with limit holes; the lower model has limit blocks fixedly installed on both sides, and the sidewalls of the limit blocks are threaded with bolts that are compatible with the limit holes.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching device of the present invention, the applicator assembly includes an applicator body, a handle is fixedly provided at one end of the applicator body, a visual probe is fixedly installed at the end of the applicator body away from the handle, and a heater is fixedly installed at the end of the visual probe.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching device of the present invention, the first ring frame and the second ring frame are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting tube, the first ring frame and the second ring frame are fixed to each other, and the first ring frame is horizontally arranged and the second ring frame is vertically arranged.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching equipment of the present invention, the motor is fixedly installed at the top of the second ring frame, the connecting rod is fixedly installed on the motor shaft of the motor, and the gear is rotatably installed at the end of the connecting rod.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching device of the present invention, the cylinder is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the second annular frame by a bracket, and a control valve is installed at the bottom end of the side wall of the cylinder through an air inlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe communicates with the cavity at the bottom of the piston.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching device of the present invention, the second connector is fixedly installed at the bottom of the airbag, the first connector is fixedly installed at the top of the cylinder, one end of the catheter is rotatably connected to the first connector, and the other end is rotatably connected to the second connector.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching device of the present invention, the compression assembly includes a third annular frame and a spring. The third annular frame is fixedly installed on the connecting pipe and above the first annular frame. Fixed cylinders are fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the inner wall of the third annular frame, and pressure sensors are fixedly installed inside the fixed cylinders.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching device of the present invention, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder, and a slider is fixedly installed at its free end. The slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder. A pressure plate is fixedly installed on the slider through a sliding rod. The sliding rod passes through the fixed cylinder and extends to the outside of the fixed cylinder, and is slidably connected to the fixed cylinder.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. By using the circular motion of the balloon, combined with the heating of the heater and the high expansion characteristics of helium, the balloon is expanded, which can realistically simulate the dynamic position changes and different sizes and shapes of tumors in the human body cavity, and restore the diverse characteristics of lesions in clinical practice. The flexible rotation of the catheter ensures the smoothness of the balloon movement and expansion process, avoids motion interference affecting the simulation effect, and provides a standardized and repeatable lesion simulation environment that fits the clinical reality for radiotherapy training, thereby improving the pertinence and effectiveness of training. 2. Through the coordinated operation of the balloon expansion and the compression, slide bar and slider, the force of the tumor expansion on the surrounding tissue is transmitted. The pressure sensor can capture the pressure signal in real time and the controller can display the value intuitively. This realizes the realistic restoration of the mechanical environment of the lesion compressing the surrounding tissue in clinical practice. By quantifying the pressure data, trainees can clearly control the force boundary in the operation process and avoid damage to normal tissue due to improper force. 2. The cavity of the insert block and the limiting block are matched and fitted together. With the threaded locking structure of the bolt and the limiting hole, the upper model and the lower model can be quickly positioned and stably connected. The assembly is convenient and the connection is highly reliable. It can ensure that the internal hemispherical cavity of the two can be accurately combined to form a complete simulated lesion area. The connecting tube provides a stable insertion channel for the applicator body, ensuring its operational stability in the simulated cavity. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the model components of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the insertion block and the limiting block of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the lower model of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the applicator assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the airbag installation of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cylindrical body of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion assembly of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Model Components; 11. Upper Model; 12. Lower Model; 13. Connecting Pipe; 14. Connecting Block; 15. Insert Block; 16. Limiting Hole; 17. Limiting Block; 18. Bolt; 2. Applicator Components; 21. Applicator Body; 22. Visual Probe; 23. Heater; 3. Simulation Components; 301. First Ring Frame; 302. Second Ring Frame; 303. Gear Ring; 304. Motor; 305. Connecting Rod; 306. Gear; 307. Airbag; 308. Connecting Plate; 309. Cylinder; 310. Piston; 311. First Connector; 312. Second Connector; 313. Conduit; 4. Extrusion Components; 41. Third Ring Frame; 42. Fixed Cylinder; 43. Pressure Sensor; 44. Spring; 45. Slider; 46. Sliding Rod; 47. Pressure Plate. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example 1

[0019] Refer to attached figure Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 5This invention provides a gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training device, comprising a model assembly 1, an applicator assembly 2, a simulation assembly 3, and a compression assembly 4. The applicator assembly 2, simulation assembly 3, and compression assembly 4 are respectively disposed inside the model assembly 1. The model assembly 1 includes an upper model 11, a lower model 12, and a connecting pipe 13. The upper model 11 and lower model 12 are a pair, and each of the upper model 11 and lower model 12 has a hemispherical cavity inside. The two hemispherical cavities are combined to form a complete cavity. A through groove is provided on the side of the upper model 11 and lower model 12 that is in contact. The connecting pipe 13 is disposed on the upper model 11. The upper model 11 is connected to the cavity in the through groove of the lower model 12. Connecting blocks 14 are fixedly installed on both sides of the upper model 11. Insert blocks 15 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting blocks 14. Limiting holes 16 are respectively provided at both ends of the insert blocks 15. Limiting blocks 17 are fixedly installed on both sides of the lower model 12. The limiting blocks 17 are provided with cavities that are compatible with the insert blocks 15. Bolts 18 that are compatible with the limiting holes 16 are threaded on the side wall of the limiting blocks 17. Insert blocks 15 are inserted into the limiting blocks 17. The bolts 18 are rotated so that the bolts 18 extend into the limiting holes 16, thereby fixing the insert blocks 15 and thus fixing the lower model 12 and the upper model 11.

[0020] The applicator assembly 2 includes an applicator body 21. A handle is fixedly provided at one end of the applicator body 21, and a visual probe 22 is fixedly installed at the end of the applicator body 21 away from the handle. A heater 23 is fixedly installed at the end of the visual probe 22. The visual probe 22 and the heater 23 on the applicator body 21 extend through the connecting pipe 13 into the cavity inside the upper model 11 and the lower model 12. The visual probe 22 is used to visually inspect the cavity, and the heater 23 is used to heat the cavity.

[0021] During use, the insert block 15 is first inserted into the cavity of the limiting block 17, and the bolt 18 is rotated to extend into the limiting hole 16 to fix the upper model 11 and the lower model 12. The hemispherical cavities inside the two are combined to form a complete cavity simulating the lesion area of ​​the human body. Then, the applicator body 21 is extended into the cavity through the connecting pipe 13. The environment inside the cavity is observed in real time with the help of the visual probe 22 to accurately locate the simulated lesion. The temperature inside the cavity is adjusted by the heater 23 to simulate the physiological temperature of the human body. Example 2

[0022] Refer to attached figure Figure 6 - Appendix Figure 8 This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which differs from the first embodiment in that: The simulation component 3 includes a first annular frame 301, a second annular frame 302, and a cylindrical body 309. The first annular frame 301 and the second annular frame 302 are fixedly connected to the connecting pipe 13, respectively. The first annular frame 301 and the second annular frame 302 are fixed to each other. The first annular frame 301 is horizontally arranged, and the second annular frame 302 is vertically arranged. A gear ring 303 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second annular frame 302, and a motor 304 is fixedly installed at the top of the second annular frame 302. A connecting rod 305 is fixedly installed on the motor shaft of the motor 304. A gear 306 is rotatably installed at the end of the connecting rod 305. The gear 306 and the gear ring 303 mesh with each other. An airbag 307 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the gear 306 through a connecting piece 308. A second connector 312 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the airbag 307. The cylindrical body 309 is connected by a bracket. The cylinder 309 is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the second annular frame 302. A control valve is installed at the bottom end of the side wall of the cylinder 309 through the air inlet pipe. A piston 310 is slidably installed inside the cylinder 309. The piston 310 divides the cylinder 309 into two non-communicating cavities. The air inlet pipe is connected to the cavity at the bottom of the piston 310. Helium gas is introduced into the cavity at the bottom of the piston 310 through the air inlet pipe and the control valve. The helium gas expands higher than air when heated, causing the piston 310 to slide upward. A first connector 311 is fixedly installed at the top of the cylinder 309. A conduit 313 is rotatably installed on the first connector 311. The other end of the conduit 313 is rotatably connected to the second connector 312. The cylinder 309, the first connector 311, the conduit 313, the second connector 312, and the airbag 307 are internally connected. The motor 304 is electrically connected to the external controller.

[0023] During use, the motor 304 is started by an external controller. The motor 304 drives the connecting rod 305 to rotate, which in turn drives the gear 306 to rotate. Since the gear 306 meshes with the gear ring 303, the gear 306 rotates along the trajectory of the gear ring 303, which in turn drives the airbag 307 at the bottom to move in a synchronous circular motion. The heater 23 heats the cavity. Taking advantage of the fact that the thermal expansion coefficient of helium is higher than that of air, the piston 310 is pushed to slide upward, and the gas in the upper cavity of the cylinder 309 is forced into the airbag 307 through the conduit 313 to make it expand. The conduit 313 can rotate flexibly with the rotation of the airbag 307, thereby simulating the different locations and changes in size and shape of tumors in the human body cavity, providing a lesion simulation environment that is close to the clinical reality for radiotherapy simulation training. Example 3

[0024] Refer to attached figure Figure 6 and attached Figure 9 This is the third embodiment of the present invention, which differs from the second embodiment in that: The extrusion assembly 4 includes a third annular frame 41 and a spring 44. The third annular frame 41 is fixedly installed on the connecting pipe 13 and above the first annular frame 301. Fixed cylinders 42 are fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the inner wall of the third annular frame 41. A pressure sensor 43 is fixedly installed inside the fixed cylinder 42. The spring 44 is sleeved on the pressure sensor 43. One end of the spring 44 is fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder 42. A slider 45 is fixedly installed on the free end of the spring 44. The slider 45 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 42. A pressure plate 47 is fixedly installed on the slider 45 through a sliding rod 46. The sliding rod 46 extends through the fixed cylinder 42 to the outside of the fixed cylinder 42 and is slidably connected to the fixed cylinder 42. The pressure plate 47 and the airbag 307 are facing each other. When the airbag 307 expands, it will squeeze the pressure plate 47. The pressure sensor 43 is electrically connected to an external controller.

[0025] During use, when the airbag 307 expands due to heat, it will come into contact with the pressure plate 47 and generate a squeezing force. After the pressure plate 47 is subjected to pressure, it drives the slider 45 to slide inward along the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 42 through the slide rod 46. The slider 45 squeezes the spring 44 to cause it to undergo elastic deformation. The slider 45 comes into contact with the pressure sensor 43. The pressure sensor 43 detects the pressure signal transmitted by the slider 45 in real time and transmits the data to the external controller. The controller displays the pressure value intuitively, thereby simulating the force of tumor expansion on the surrounding tissue.

[0026] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A training and teaching device for brachytherapy simulation of gynecological tumors, comprising a model assembly (1), an applicator assembly (2), a simulation assembly (3), and a compression assembly (4), wherein the applicator assembly (2), the simulation assembly (3), and the compression assembly (4) are respectively disposed inside the model assembly (1), characterized in that: The simulation component (3) includes a first ring frame (301), a second ring frame (302), a motor (304), and a cylinder (309). A gear ring (303) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second ring frame (302). A gear (306) is rotatably installed on the motor shaft of the motor (304) through a connecting rod (305). The gear (306) and the gear ring (303) mesh with each other. An airbag (307) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the gear (306) through a connecting piece (308). A piston (310) is slidably arranged inside the cylinder (309). The piston (310) divides the cylinder (309) into two non-communicating cavities. The top end of the cylinder (309) is connected to the airbag (307) through a first connector (311), a conduit (313), a second connector (312), and the airbag (307).

2. The gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model component (1) includes an upper model (11), a lower model (12), and a connecting pipe (13). The upper model (11) and the lower model (12) are a pair, and the interior of the upper model (11) and the lower model (12) are respectively provided with hemispherical cavities. The two hemispherical cavities are combined to form a complete cavity. A through groove is provided on the side of the upper model (11) and the lower model (12) that are in contact. The connecting pipe (13) is located in the through groove of the upper model (11) and the lower model (12).

3. The gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper model (11) has plugs (15) fixedly installed on both sides by connecting blocks (14). Limiting holes (16) are provided at both ends of the plugs (15). Limiting blocks (17) are fixedly installed on both sides of the lower model (12). Bolts (18) that are compatible with the limiting holes (16) are threaded on the side wall of the limiting blocks (17).

4. The gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The applicator assembly (2) includes an applicator body (21), one end of which is fixedly provided with a handle, and a visual probe (22) is fixedly installed at the end of the applicator body (21) away from the handle, and a heater (23) is fixedly installed at the end of the visual probe (22).

5. The gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first ring frame (301) and the second ring frame (302) are fixedly connected to the connecting pipe (13) respectively. The first ring frame (301) and the second ring frame (302) are fixed to each other. The first ring frame (301) is horizontally arranged and the second ring frame (302) is vertically arranged.

6. The gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor (304) is fixedly installed at the top of the second ring frame (302), the connecting rod (305) is fixedly installed on the motor shaft of the motor (304), and the gear (306) is rotatably installed at the end of the connecting rod (305).

7. The gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cylinder (309) is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the second annular frame (302) by a bracket. A control valve is installed at the bottom end of the side wall of the cylinder (309) through an air inlet pipe. The air inlet pipe is connected to the cavity at the bottom of the piston (310).

8. The gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second connector (312) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the airbag (307), the first connector (311) is fixedly installed at the top of the cylinder (309), one end of the conduit (313) is rotatably connected to the first connector (311), and the other end is rotatably connected to the second connector (312).

9. The gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion assembly (4) includes a third ring frame (41) and a spring (44). The third ring frame (41) is fixedly installed on the connecting pipe (13) and above the first ring frame (301). Fixed cylinders (42) are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the inner wall of the third ring frame (41). Pressure sensors (43) are fixedly installed inside the fixed cylinders (42).

10. The gynecological tumor brachytherapy simulation training and teaching equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: One end of the spring (44) is fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder (42), and a slider (45) is fixedly installed on its free end. The slider (45) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (42). The slider (45) is fixedly installed with a pressure plate (47) through a slide rod (46). The slide rod (46) extends through the fixed cylinder (42) to the outside of the fixed cylinder (42) and is slidably connected to the fixed cylinder (42).

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