Double-arm continuous blood pressure measurement technology and data integration and life state recognition system under view of traditional Chinese medicine

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-arm continuous blood pressure measurement technology and a data integration and life state recognition system under the view of traditional Chinese medicine. The system comprises an original signal input module (1), an auxiliary signal support module (2), an index generation module (3), a traditional Chinese medicine model data conversion module (4), a human-computer interaction interface module (5) and a continuous data deduction module (6). The system expands structural blood pressure information of a human body, expands diagnostic data and feature models under a blood pressure visual angle, and comprehensively obtains various feature indexes in continuous blood pressure data samples of the two arms of the human body. Based on indexes and traditional Chinese medicine interpretation schemes thereof, the system integrates various traditional Chinese medicine theories by using a distributed structure, and realizes blood pressure-based health state expression by embedding eight-line, three-jiao, qi-blood-body fluid and viscera differentiation methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Blood pressure measurement, signal analysis, automated design of TCM diagnostic methods, feature analysis and data integration, and vital sign assessment. Background Technology

[0002] The main methods of blood pressure measurement include direct measurement, indirect measurement (such as electronic sphygmomanometers and traditional mercury sphygmomanometers), desktop sphygmomanometers, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Direct measurement: This is an invasive procedure, providing accurate blood pressure readings unaffected by peripheral arterial constriction. However, it requires specialized equipment and a high level of technical skill, and is only used for critically ill patients and those undergoing major surgery.

[0003] Indirect measurement methods, such as those using electronic sphygmomanometers and traditional mercury sphygmomanometers, offer advantages like ease of use and suitability for immediate patient or healthy physical examinations. Disadvantages include susceptibility to peripheral arterial constriction and vasodilation, sometimes resulting in inaccurate readings. Mercury sphygmomanometers, in particular, require a higher level of operational skill and cannot record systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Electronic sphygmomanometers, with their high degree of automation, are suitable for home use. Currently, the most accurate pulse wave method was developed by a team at Tsinghua University in 2012. Employing multi-point pulse wave detection technology, it establishes a calculation method for approximating and fitting points near the systolic and diastolic blood pressure points, improving accuracy while enabling continuous measurement of discontinuous events—that is, measuring blood pressure between two heartbeats. This provides a high-level technical means for continuous blood pressure measurement.

[0004] However, with the increasing precision of blood pressure measurement technology, two new problems have emerged. Firstly, human blood pressure is structural; even the most precise single-point measurement cannot provide a holistic view. Secondly, research interpreting the physiological and pathological implications of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is scarce, and standardized approaches have introduced many limitations in its application.

[0005] In addressing the first problem, there have been attempts at multiple strategies, but there is a lack of integrated analysis theory, and to date, there is still no structured signal analysis method.

[0006] Regarding the establishment of standards, blood pressure standards have undergone several revisions, reflecting the lack of a comprehensive framework for understanding blood pressure in modern medicine. In 1959, the World Health Organization (WHO) first proposed a diagnostic criterion of 160 / 95 mmHg for hypertension, which was widely accepted and applied at the time. In 1977, the WHO adjusted the diagnostic criteria for hypertension. In 1993, the blood pressure standard was further adjusted, as medical professionals began to focus on the impact of subtle changes in blood pressure on health, defining blood pressure below 130 / 85 mmHg as normal. In 1997, the WHO revised the diagnostic criteria for hypertension again, setting it at 140 / 90 mmHg. This standard remains in use today, but in 2017, the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association lowered the diagnostic criteria for hypertension to 130 / 80 mmHg in their hypertension guidelines. The latest international standard for hypertension is based on the 2023 European Society of Hypertension (ESH) guidelines [Bakris G, Ali W, Parati G. ACC / AHA Versus ESC / ESH on Hypertension Guidelines: JACC GuidelineComparison. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 Jun 18;73(23):3018-3026. doi: 10.1016 / j.jacc.2019.03.507. PMID: 31196460.].

[0007] The "Chinese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Hypertension (2022 Edition)" released in 2022 has adjusted its diagnostic criteria, classification, and cardiovascular risk stratification for hypertension in accordance with international standards. First, the new guidelines lowered the diagnostic threshold for hypertension from systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and / or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg to systolic blood pressure ≥130 mmHg and / or diastolic blood pressure ≥80 mmHg. Second, the classification of hypertension has been simplified. The new guidelines divide hypertension into stage 1 hypertension (systolic blood pressure 130–139 mmHg and / or diastolic blood pressure 80–89 mmHg) and stage 2 hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and / or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg). The simplified criteria for identifying high-risk patients are: individuals with systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and / or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, and individuals with systolic blood pressure 130~139 mmHg and / or diastolic blood pressure 80~89 mmHg accompanied by clinical comorbidities, target organ damage, or ≥3 cardiovascular risk factors.

[0008] These reforms to standards indirectly reflect a general trend in how people perceive clinical-level health status: the dynamism of individual individuals renders overly granular diagnostic criteria ineffective. Simply adjusting standards is far from meeting the precise observational needs of individuals regarding health. We need to shift our perspective and improve the adaptability of standards by refining the understanding of human diversity itself, rather than simply seeking a single, universally applicable standard.

[0009] In addressing health solutions for abnormal blood pressure, much traditional knowledge needs to be integrated. However, blood pressure contains a wealth of valuable diagnostic information. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), blood pressure is considered a reflection of the body's internal Qi and blood circulation, closely related to the functional state of the five internal organs. When the functional coordination of these organ systems is imbalanced, the circulation of Qi and blood may be affected, leading to abnormal blood pressure. TCM, in particular, believes that hypertension is related to factors such as liver and kidney deficiency and internal wind-yang disturbance. Liver and kidney deficiency may lead to poor Qi and blood circulation, while internal wind-yang disturbance may cause Qi and blood to flow in reverse, resulting in blood pressure fluctuations. Furthermore, TCM recognizes the impact of emotional factors and lifestyle on blood pressure. Emotional distress, chronic stress and anxiety, and unhealthy lifestyle habits such as irregular eating and lack of exercise can all negatively affect blood pressure. TCM theory also offers systematic solutions to these issues. However, this information, hidden within the text, has not yet been systematically integrated. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The invention is briefly described as follows:

[0011] 1. Brief Description of the Device

[0012] This invention patent is titled "Dual-Arm Continuous Blood Pressure Measurement Technology and Its Data Integration and Vital State Recognition System from a Traditional Chinese Medicine Perspective," or simply "System." The System comprises: (i) a raw signal input module, (ii) an auxiliary signal support module, (iii) an indicator generation module, (iv) a Traditional Chinese Medicine model data conversion module, (v) a human-computer interaction interface module, and (vi) a continuous data deduction module. Based on signal input, the System can generate multi-perspective vital state assessment conclusions, achieve a biased assessment of the body's overall working state from a physiological perspective, and evaluate syndromes based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Five Elements Differentiation Model. The System's information conversion module adopts an innovative Five Elements process model, which can generate syndrome state evaluation conclusions under the Traditional Chinese Medicine Five Elements Differentiation Model and a biased assessment of the body's overall working state from a physiological perspective, i.e., health evaluation, based on direct signals.

[0013] The system's workflow has been simplified to allow operators to quickly collect and analyze information. Users only need to input the following: (I) Original Signal Input Module, which primarily includes immediately measured Bilateral Continuous Blood Pressure (BCBP) data, and can also embed auxiliary signals such as voice (VS), heart sounds (CS), electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), respiration (PW), blood oxygen saturation (NIRS), and pulse wave pressure wave (RAPW); and (II) Auxiliary Signal Support Module, which includes essential information such as name, gender, date of birth, height, and weight, as well as optional auxiliary information such as city of residence, occupation, and exercise habits, and information acquired by other sensors with medical diagnostic value or that meet medical diagnostic standards. All integrated sensors are designed to meet medical diagnostic standards. Through joint analysis of the acquired data, the final result is obtained from the sensors. During sensor binding, the sensor type can be selected as needed; not all sensors need to be bound. The system design also allows for the absence of any lead, but at least one lead signal must be input.

[0014] The device hardware development is described as follows: 1.1 Design Goals Synchronization: Ensure that blood pressure measurements in both arms can be performed simultaneously to reduce errors caused by time differences.

[0015] Accuracy: High-precision sensors and algorithms ensure the accuracy of measurement results.

[0016] Comfort: The design should be ergonomic to reduce discomfort for the test subjects.

[0017] Ease of use: The user interface is user-friendly and easy for medical staff and patients to use.

[0018] 1.2 System Composition A design for simultaneous left-right arm blood pressure control typically includes the following main components: Dual-arm cuff unit: The left and right cuff units are symmetrical and are used to wrap the left and right arms of the test subject, respectively.

[0019] The cuff unit contains a pressure sensor and an inflation / deflation device for measuring blood pressure.

[0020] Central processing unit: responsible for receiving data from the left and right cuff units, and processing and analyzing it.

[0021] Control the inflation / deflation process of the left and right cuff units to ensure synchronization.

[0022] Display module: Displays blood pressure measurement results for both arms, including systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, and pulse rate.

[0023] Optionally, the display module can also provide functions such as data comparison and trend analysis.

[0024] Data storage and transmission module: Stores measurement results in internal memory for later viewing and analysis.

[0025] It supports data export and can be connected to computers or mobile devices via USB, Bluetooth, or other methods.

[0026] 1.3 Workflow

[0027] Initialization: The user wraps the left and right cuff units around the left and right arms respectively and adjusts them to the appropriate position.

[0028] Turn on the device and enter measurement mode.

[0029] Synchronous measurement: The central processing unit controls the left and right cuff units to start inflating simultaneously.

[0030] When the pressure inside the cuff reaches the preset value, the cuff begins to gradually deflate, and blood pressure data for both arms are recorded simultaneously.

[0031] Using high-precision sensors and algorithms, it calculates and displays parameters such as systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rate in both arms in real time.

[0032] Data analysis and storage: The central processing unit performs preliminary analysis of the measurement results, such as calculating the difference in blood pressure between the left and right arms.

[0033] The measurement results are stored in internal memory and can be selectively exported to a computer or mobile device.

[0034] 1.4 Key Technologies

[0035] A high-precision pressure sensor is used to ensure the accuracy of blood pressure measurement.

[0036] Through precise algorithms and circuit design, the synchronous inflation / deflation process of the left and right cuff units is achieved.

[0037] Ergonomic design: The cuff unit is designed in accordance with ergonomic principles to reduce discomfort for the test subject.

[0038] Data processing and analysis algorithms: Comprehensive and physiologically valuable data and algorithms are used to process and analyze measurement data, providing accurate blood pressure measurement results and trend analysis.

[0039] 1.5 Application Scenarios

[0040] The dual-arm blood pressure synchronous control design is widely used in medical institutions and home health monitoring. In medical institutions, healthcare professionals can use this device to quickly and accurately obtain patients' blood pressure data from both arms, providing important references for diagnosis and treatment. In home health monitoring, patients can use this device to measure their blood pressure from both arms themselves, allowing them to understand their health status in a timely manner. 2. Information processing method for the invention equipment 2.1 Establishing age-related blood pressure standard relationships based on large sample data

[0041] Based on blood pressure data acquired simultaneously from both arms multiple times, a basic blood pressure standard evaluation scheme for human health status is established. This changes the modern medical approach of single-arm, double-data health assessment, establishing more rigorous and detailed health evaluation standards based on multiple bilateral blood pressure measurements. Furthermore, new health discrimination criteria and classifications are developed based on the raw blood pressure dataset from repeated measurements.

[0042] This invention takes into account the blood pressure biases of Asian populations and designs a more detailed and precise blood pressure measurement standard for adults. Built into the device, it forms a more robust basic data reference standard for automated health assessment.

[0043] The standard design uses more precise data and employs a precise discrimination method. The standard has established relevant data distribution tables, the textual description of which is as follows.

[0044] The table provides age-based blood pressure standards, including the normal blood pressure range and the systolic and diastolic blood pressure ranges for stage I, II, and III hypertension. It also provides reference ranges for heart rate. The table is divided into two parts: a rough calculation and a detailed calculation. The rough calculation provides reference standards for age groups (15-60 years old), while the detailed calculation section lists detailed blood pressure and heart rate standards for each age group from 0 to 68 years and above, along with the derivation methods.

[0045] As people age, the upper limits of normal systolic (SP) and diastolic (DP) blood pressure gradually increase. The normal systolic blood pressure range for a one-year-old newborn is 80-112 mmHg, while for those 68 years and older, this range becomes 110-160 mmHg. Diastolic blood pressure shows a similar increasing trend.

[0046] Hypertension Classification: The table also lists the systolic and diastolic blood pressure ranges for different levels of hypertension. For stage 1 hypertension, the lower limit of systolic blood pressure starts at 96 mmHg (0 years old) and gradually increases to 140 mmHg (15 years and older), while the upper limit varies with age. Diastolic blood pressure follows a similar pattern, but the increase in both the upper and lower limits is relatively smaller.

[0047] Heart rate: The standard range of heart rate is also shown in the table, but it mainly falls within the range of 60-80 b / min (rough calculation) and slightly decreases with age (precise calculation).

[0048] Neonatal period: Normal range of systolic blood pressure (SP): 80-112 mmHg.

[0049] Normal range for diastolic blood pressure (DP): 54-70 mmHg.

[0050] The SP range for stage 1 hypertension is 96-112 mmHg.

[0051] The blood pressure (DP) range for stage 1 hypertension is 64-70 mmHg.

[0052] Note: Due to age considerations, specific ranges for grade II and III hypertension are not listed for children under 14 years old.

[0053] Standard heart rate: 130 b / min.

[0054] 1 year old: Normal range of systolic blood pressure (SP): 82-115 mmHg.

[0055] Normal range for diastolic blood pressure (DP): 55-71 mmHg.

[0056] The SP range for stage 1 hypertension is 98-115 mmHg.

[0057] The blood pressure (DP) range for stage 1 hypertension is 66-71 mmHg.

[0058] Standard heart rate: 120 b / min.

[0059] 2-year-old: Normal range of systolic blood pressure (SP): 84-118 mmHg.

[0060] Normal range for diastolic blood pressure (DP): 56-73 mmHg.

[0061] The SP range for stage 1 hypertension is 101-118 mmHg.

[0062] The blood pressure (DP) range for stage 1 hypertension is 68-73 mmHg.

[0063] Standard heart rate: 110 b / min.

[0064] 3-year-old: Normal range of systolic blood pressure (SP): 86-120 mmHg.

[0065] Normal range for diastolic blood pressure (DP): 58-75 mmHg.

[0066] The SP range for stage 1 hypertension is 103-120 mmHg.

[0067] The blood pressure (DP) range for stage 1 hypertension is 69-75 mmHg.

[0068] Standard heart rate: 100 b / min.

[0069] 4-year-old: Normal range of systolic blood pressure (SP): 88-123 mmHg.

[0070] Normal range for diastolic blood pressure (DP): 59-77 mmHg.

[0071] The SP range for stage 1 hypertension is 106-123 mmHg.

[0072] The blood pressure (DP) range for stage 1 hypertension is 71-77 mmHg.

[0073] Standard heart rate: 95 b / min.

[0074] 5 years old: Normal range of systolic blood pressure (SP): 90-126 mmHg.

[0075] Normal range for diastolic blood pressure (DP): 60-78 mmHg.

[0076] The SP range for stage 1 hypertension is 108-126 mmHg.

[0077] The blood pressure (DP) range for stage 1 hypertension is 72-78 mmHg.

[0078] Standard heart rate: 90 b / min.

[0079] 6 years old:

[0080] Normal range for systolic blood pressure (SP): 92-129 mmHg.

[0081] Normal range for diastolic blood pressure (DP): 62-80 mmHg.

[0082] The SP range for stage 1 hypertension is 110-129 mmHg.

[0083] The blood pressure (DP) range for stage 1 hypertension is 74-80 mmHg.

[0084] Standard heart rate: 88 b / min.

[0085] 7-year-old: Normal range of systolic blood pressure (SP): 94-132 mmHg.

[0086] Normal range for diastolic blood pressure (DP): 63-82 mmHg.

[0087] The SP range for stage 1 hypertension is 113-132 mmHg.

[0088] The blood pressure (DP) range for stage 1 hypertension is 76-82 mmHg.

[0089] Standard heart rate: 86 b / min.

[0090] 8-year-old: Normal range of systolic blood pressure (SP): 95-133 mmHg.

[0091] Normal range for diastolic blood pressure (DP): 64-83 mmHg.

[0092] The SP range for stage 1 hypertension is 114-133 mmHg.

[0093] The blood pressure (DP) range for stage 1 hypertension is 76-83 mmHg.

[0094] Standard heart rate: 84 b / min.

[0095] 9-year-old: Normal range of systolic blood pressure (SP): 96-134 mmHg.

[0096] Normal range for diastolic blood pressure (DP): 64-84 mmHg.

[0097] The SP range for stage 1 hypertension is 115-134 mmHg.

[0098] The blood pressure (DP) range for stage 1 hypertension is 77-84 mmHg.

[0099] Standard heart rate: 82 b / min.

[0100] 10-year-old: Normal range of systolic blood pressure (SP): 97-136 mmHg.

[0101] Normal range for diastolic blood pressure (DP): 65-84 mmHg.

[0102] The SP range for stage 1 hypertension is 116-136 mmHg.

[0103] The blood pressure (DP) range for stage 1 hypertension is 78-84 mmHg.

[0104] Standard heart rate: 80 b / min.

[0105] 11 years old: Normal range of systolic blood pressure (SP): 102-143 mmHg.

[0106] Normal range for diastolic blood pressure (DP): 68-89 mmHg.

[0107] The SP range for stage 1 hypertension is 122-143 mmHg.

[0108] The blood pressure (DP) range for stage 1 hypertension is 82-89 mmHg.

[0109] Standard heart rate: 78 b / min.

[0110] 12-year-old: Normal range of systolic blood pressure (SP): 105-147 mmHg.

[0111] Normal range for diastolic blood pressure (DP): 70-91 mmHg.

[0112] The SP range for stage 1 hypertension is 126-147 mmHg.

[0113] The blood pressure (DP) range for stage 1 hypertension is 84-91 mmHg.

[0114] Standard heart rate: 76 b / min.

[0115] 13 years old: Normal range of systolic blood pressure (SP): 106-148 mmHg.

[0116] Normal range for diastolic blood pressure (DP): 71-92 mmHg.

[0117] The SP range for stage 1 hypertension is 127-148 mmHg.

[0118] The blood pressure (DP) range for stage 1 hypertension is 85-92 mmHg.

[0119] Standard heart rate: 74 b / min.

[0120] 14 years old: Normal range of systolic blood pressure (SP): 107-150 mmHg.

[0121] Normal range for diastolic blood pressure (DP): 72-93 mmHg.

[0122] The SP range for stage 1 hypertension is 128-150 mmHg.

[0123] The blood pressure (DP) range for stage 1 hypertension is 86-93 mmHg.

[0124] Standard heart rate: 73 b / min.

[0125] 15 years old: Normal range of systolic blood pressure (SP): 108-151 mmHg.

[0126] Normal range for diastolic blood pressure (DP): 72-94 mmHg.

[0127] The SP range for stage 1 hypertension is 130-151 mmHg.

[0128] The blood pressure (DP) range for stage 1 hypertension is 87-94 mmHg.

[0129] The SP range for grade II hypertension is 151-173 mmHg.

[0130] Grade II hypertension, DP range: 94-101 mmHg.

[0131] Grade III hypertension SP range: ≥173 mmHg.

[0132] Grade III hypertension DP range: ≥101 mmHg.

[0133] Standard heart rate: 72 b / min.

[0134] Age: 16 years old; Systolic blood pressure (SP): 109 mmHg.

[0135] Diastolic blood pressure (DP): 73 mmHg.

[0136] Grade 1 hypertension systolic blood pressure: lower limit 131 mmHg, upper limit 153 mmHg (Note: duplicate columns in the table have been ignored).

[0137] Grade II hypertension: Systolic blood pressure: lower limit 153 mmHg, upper limit 174 mmHg.

[0138] Grade 3 hypertension: Systolic blood pressure: lower limit 174 mmHg, upper limit 196 mmHg.

[0139] Stage I hypertension: Diastolic blood pressure: lower limit 88 mmHg, upper limit 95 mmHg (Note: duplicate columns in the table have been ignored).

[0140] Grade II hypertension: Diastolic blood pressure: lower limit 95 mmHg, upper limit 102 mmHg.

[0141] Grade III hypertension: Diastolic blood pressure: Lower limit 102 mmHg, Upper limit 110 mmHg.

[0142] Standard heart rate: 71 b / min.

[0143] Age: 17 years old, systolic blood pressure (SP): 110 mmHg.

[0144] Diastolic blood pressure (DP): 74 mmHg.

[0145] Grade 1 hypertension: lower limit of 132 mmHg, upper limit of 154 mmHg.

[0146] Grade II hypertension: Systolic blood pressure: lower limit 154 mmHg, upper limit 176 mmHg.

[0147] Grade 3 hypertension: systolic blood pressure: lower limit 176 mmHg, upper limit 198 mmHg.

[0148] Stage I hypertension: Diastolic blood pressure: lower limit 88 mmHg, upper limit 96 mmHg.

[0149] Grade II hypertension: Diastolic blood pressure: lower limit 96 mmHg, upper limit 103 mmHg.

[0150] Grade 3 hypertension: diastolic blood pressure: lower limit 103 mmHg, upper limit 111 mmHg.

[0151] Standard heart rate: 70 b / min.

[0152] For individuals aged 15 and above, hypertension should be diagnosed according to international standards.

[0153] Meanwhile, taking into account age, gender, height, and weight, the system performs a secondary adjustment based on gender, height, and weight before generating the conclusion, as follows: Male: Value = the aforementioned standard value * 1.05; Female: Value = the aforementioned standard value * 0.95; Height factor: Value = Previous standard value + (Height value - 170) / 10; Weight factor: Value = Previous standard value + (weight value - 60) / 10; A standardized blood pressure adjustment scheme considering bilateral balance is developed, employing a specific algorithm to assess the balance of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rate between the left and right sides of the body. The following is a detailed description: Left-side values ​​(Ld-SP, Ld-DP, Ld-HR): These represent the actual measurements of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rate in the left limb, respectively. These values ​​are used to compare with the corresponding values ​​in the right limb to assess bilateral balance.

[0154] Right-side values ​​(Rd-SP, Rd-DP, Rd-HR): Corresponding to the left-side values, representing the actual measured values ​​of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rate on the right side of the body.

[0155] Equivalent Algorithm: This column provides a specific algorithm for determining whether bilateral blood pressure balance is normal. The algorithm compares the absolute value of the difference between the left and right measurements to 10% of the median standard blood pressure. Specifically, if the absolute value of the difference between a certain indicator on the left and right sides is less than 10% of the median standard blood pressure (or benchmark value), then the bilateral balance of that indicator is considered normal; otherwise, it is judged as abnormal.

[0156] Under normal circumstances, when the difference between the left and right sides in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, or pulse rate meets the condition of "less than 10% * median standard blood pressure" (or the corresponding baseline pulse rate) in the above equivalent algorithm, the bilateral balance of this indicator is judged to be normal.

[0157] In abnormal cases, when the difference in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, or pulse rate between the left and right sides does not meet the above conditions—that is, the difference is greater than or equal to 10% * the median standard blood pressure (or the corresponding baseline pulse rate)—the bilateral balance of this indicator is considered abnormal. This may indicate an underlying health problem and requires further medical evaluation. 2.2 Key Feature Extraction (1) Divergence (Div)

[0158] In physics, the standard characterization represents the strength of the divergence of the vector field at each point in space. In terms of blood pressure values, it expresses the degree and trend of blood pressure deviating from a certain central value.

[0159] The average divergence pjsd is numerically equivalent to the standard deviation (std) of five sets of data, and the divergence trend sdqs can be numerically equivalent to the sum of the distances of the last two sets of data from the center value (mean) / the sum of the distances of the first two sets of data from the center value (mean). Life State Analysis and Traditional Chinese Medicine Interpretation Based on Data Indicators

[0160] The greater the average divergence, the worse the stability of the body's health status and the more deficient the Qi; an increasing divergence trend indicates the presence of latent pathogens in the body.

[0161] The left systolic blood pressure (PSJD) (LS) represents the lung area, and related symptoms include: shortness of breath, severe dizziness, facial discoloration (bluish), dry eyes or tearing in the wind, tinnitus, foul-smelling nasal discharge and hot breath, mouth inflammation, throat infection, esophageal narrowing, neck pain, chest and breast tenderness, cervical joint clicking, shoulder pain, tenderness in the upper back, and numbness and tingling in the upper limbs.

[0162] Left diastolic blood pressure (pjsd) (LD) is closely related to the spleen in the spleen region, because clinically common examples of such cases include symptoms such as excessive phlegm, as well as abnormalities in the pancreas leading to unstable or easily elevated blood sugar, abnormalities in the stomach leading to peptic ulcers and stomach pain, abnormalities in the duodenum leading to acid reflux, and abnormal spleen filtration capacity leading to allergies.

[0163] The right-sided systolic blood pressure pjsd (RS) is closely related to the kidneys in the renal area. Clinically common symptoms include: lower back pain, yellow urine in the bladder area, abnormal erection and nocturnal emission in men, and menorrhagia, early menstruation, and abdominal distension in the area below the navel and on both sides of the lower limbs in women.

[0164] Right-sided diastolic blood pressure (pjsd) (RD) is closely related to liver abnormalities in the liver region. Common clinical findings include: tenderness in the liver region, easy to choke, easy cramps in the hypochondrium, bitter taste in the mouth and dry throat due to gallbladder abnormalities, acid reflux and indigestion in the stomach, chest tightness and pain due to duodenal abnormalities, proteinuria in the pancreas, easy abdominal cramps after eating unclean food, spider angiomas caused by abnormal venous return in the right epigastric region and liver region; easily ruptured capillaries with a reddish color.

[0165] Heart rate pjsd (HR) is closely related to abnormalities in the heart region. Clinically, such samples often present with symptoms such as tachycardia and arrhythmia.

[0166] The left diastolic blood pressure sdqs (LD) represents the spleen region and is closely related to the spleen. Clinically, such samples are commonly seen in patients with excessive phlegm, unstable or easily elevated blood sugar in the pancreas region, peptic ulcers in the stomach region, stomach pain, acid reflux in the duodenum region, and insufficient spleen filtration capacity in the left epigastric region, i.e., allergies. (2) Trend

[0167] The trend of any index obtained from five consecutive measurements can be calculated. The algorithm for trend is as follows: for the target data, establish a sequence of five sets of data from the first to the last, calculate the quadratic slope x2, the first slope x1, and the constant b of the quadratic curve formed by fitting the numerical sequence, that is, extract the first coefficient x1. Life State Analysis and Traditional Chinese Medicine Interpretation Based on Data Indicators

[0168] The closer X1 is to 0, the more balanced the "inflow and outflow" attributes in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The closer to negative values ​​and the further the difference is from 0, the more "convergent" it is; the closer to positive values ​​and the further the difference is from 0, the more "dispersive" it is. Both of these indicate that the disease is in a progressive stage, or that the healthy state is tilting towards the disease. These correspond to astringent and diaphoretic agents in TCM intervention programs, as well as sour and spicy substances, etc., supporting the selection of drugs for prescriptions and medications.

[0169] The detailed calculation rules are as follows: A value of X1 between -0.1 and 0.1 indicates good health. X1 is located between -0.3 and -0.1. The line segment is far from the coordinate axis, indicating that the disease is in the progression stage or that health is in a state of accelerated imbalance. X1 is located between -0.3 and -0.1. When the line segment is close to the coordinate axis, it indicates that the disease is in the recovery period or that health is in a state of recovery and balance. When X1 is between 0.3 and 0.1, and the line segment is far from the coordinate axis, it indicates that the disease is in the progression stage or that health is in a state of accelerated imbalance. When X1 is between 0.3 and 0.1, and the line segment is close to the coordinate axis, it indicates that the disease is in the recovery period or that health is in a state of recovery and balance. When X1 is located at <-0.3 or >0.3, and the line segment is far from the coordinate axis, it indicates panic, emotional abnormality, or episodic illness. When X1 is <-0.3 or >0.3, and the line segment is close to the coordinate axis, it indicates qi deficiency and essence depletion. A value of X2 between -0.1 and 0.1 indicates good health. X2 is located between -0.3 and -0.1, and the curve opens away from the coordinate axis, indicating that the disease is in the progression stage or that health is in a state of accelerated imbalance. X2 is located between -0.3 and -0.1, with the curve opening towards the coordinate axis, indicating that the disease is in the recovery period or that health is in a state of recovery and equilibrium. When X2 is between 0.3 and 0.1, and the curve opens away from the coordinate axis, it indicates that the disease is in the progression stage or that health is in a state of accelerated imbalance. When X2 is between 0.3 and 0.1, and the curve opens towards the coordinate axis, it indicates that the disease is in the recovery period or that health is in a state of recovery and equilibrium. When X2 is <-0.3 or >0.3, and the curve opens away from the coordinate axis, it indicates panic, emotional abnormalities, severe chills and fever, and episodic illness. When X2 is located at <-0.3 or >0.3, and the curve opens towards the coordinate axis, it indicates qi deficiency and essence depletion. (3) Intra-arm blood pressure difference (IAD) definition

[0170] The sequence of left-right numerical differences from five measurement sites, including five measurements of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate. Calculation method

[0171] Interarm systolic pressure differential IAD_SP = LEFT(SP) - RIGHT(SP) Interarm diastolic pressure gradient IAD_DP = LEFT(DP) - RIGHT(DP) Indicator range:

[0172] Range: 0-10 mmHg; Normal; Range: >10 mmHg; Abnormal; 10–19.9999 mmHg: Mild abnormality; 20–29.9999 mmHg: Moderately abnormal; >29.9999 mmHg: Severe abnormality.

[0173] The position where the maximum value occurs is displayed, and the number of displayed items is 2 (different on the left and right) or 4 (same on the left and right). Based on IAD, the following evaluation indicators can be formed. Relevant parameters

[0174] The maximum value among the left and right differences of the five measurement sites, including the five systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate measurements. Calculation method

[0175] The maximum inter-arm systolic pressure difference IAD_SP_max = max(SP) - min(SP); the maximum inter-arm diastolic pressure difference IAD_DP_max = max(DP) - min(DP). Health meaning

[0176] Based on the obtained parameters, the following selections are made.

[0177] A left arm systolic blood pressure gradient (IAD_SP_max_L) within the range of 0-10 mmHg is considered normal, indicating no significant health problems. The left arm systolic blood pressure gradient (IAD_SP_max_L) is in the range of >10mmHg, which is abnormal and indicates increased microcirculatory resistance. Traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis tends to suggest that the liver yang is hyperactive and the microcirculatory impedance in the liver area is reduced, suggesting the risk of organic defects or local edema. A left arm diastolic blood pressure gradient (IAD_DP_max_dis) within the range of 0-10 mmHg is considered normal and indicates no significant health problems. A left arm diastolic blood pressure gradient (IAD_DP_max_dis) within the range of >10mmHg is considered abnormal, indicating increased venous return resistance. In traditional Chinese medicine, this is associated with liver stagnation and stagnant liver qi, often manifesting as mild fullness and discomfort in the rib area, phlegm in the throat, and occasional dry heaving. The right arm systolic blood pressure differential (IAD_SP_max_R) is within the range of 0-10 mmHg, which is normal and indicates no significant health problems.

[0178] The health description of the inter-arm blood pressure difference (IAD) is complete. (4) Concept - S_D_dis: definition

[0179] The systolic-diastolic ratio (S_D_dis) refers to the ratio between the absolute pressure values ​​of arteries and veins in a single blood pressure measurement. Calculation method

[0180] S_D_dis = Systolic blood pressure / Diastolic blood pressure. Relevant indicators

[0181] 1. Adductor-to-flexor ratio range (S_D_dis_D): Five sets of data for the left and right hands are used to extract five sets of adductor-to-flexor ratio data for each side {n}, where n=5. The difference between the highest and lowest values ​​is then calculated. Algorithm: S_D_dis_D = S_D_dis_max - S_D_dis_min.

[0182] 2. Location of the maximum systolic-to-diastolic ratio (S_D_dis_Lmax): Extract five sets of data from each of the left and right hands. The location where the highest systolic-to-diastolic ratio occurred is determined.

[0183] 3. Location of minimum systolic-diastolic ratio (S_D_dis_Lmin): Extract five sets of data from each of the left and right hands, and then extract five sets of systolic-diastolic ratio data {n} (n=5) from each side. Identify the location where the minimum value occurred.

[0184] 4. Slope of the systolic-diastolic ratio (S_D_dis_slope): Five sets of data for the left and right hands were used, and five sets of systolic-diastolic ratio data were extracted from each side (n=5). The index was plotted on the x-axis, and the systolic-diastolic ratio values ​​were plotted on the y-axis. The maximum and minimum values ​​were connected to form a straight line, and the slope of this line was calculated.

[0185] S_D_dis represents the pressure difference. Too high a pressure difference can lead to microcirculation blockage, while too low a pressure difference can lead to heart failure and increased microcirculation permeability.

[0186] S_D_dis_Lmax represents the extreme value of the pressure difference. A value that is too high will lead to microcirculation pressure, while a value that is too low means it is normal.

[0187] S_D_dis_Lmin represents differential pressure compensation. A high level will lead to microcirculation compensation, while a low level means it is normal.

[0188] S_D_dis_slope represents the dynamic gradient; a higher gradient will increase the microcirculation speed, while a lower gradient means it is normal. Life Status Analysis and Traditional Chinese Medicine Interpretation Based on the Data Recovery-Dissipation Ratio (S_D_dis)

[0189] The systolic-to-diastolic ratio (S_D_dis) reflects the proportional relationship between pressures in the arteries and veins of the human body. It is a separate relationship from the numerical value of blood pressure. Systolic blood pressure reflects the peak pressure on the arterial walls during the arterial circulation process. Since the driving force of systolic blood pressure comes from the left ventricle and is distributed throughout the arterial circulation, which is located close to the core area of ​​the body, the distribution of the circulatory force generated by systolic blood pressure is in the core area of ​​the body, or what is called "medial circulation." Diastolic blood pressure, on the other hand, depends on the atrial pressure in the right atrium and the resistance encountered by venous blood flow. Its flow path is the same as that of veins. Its physical distribution is closer to the body surface to reduce resistance, so it can also be considered to reflect the body's "venous circulation" or "lateral circulation."

[0190] The systolic-diastolic ratio, also known as the "internal-external circulation ratio," primarily reflects the relationship between cardiac pumping power and microcirculatory resistance. Because systolic and diastolic blood pressure exhibit an antagonistic feedback relationship physiologically, under normal feedback conditions, increased microcirculatory resistance leads to an increased systolic-diastolic ratio (S_D_dis), which in turn causes increased left ventricular pressure. Based on the clinical experience of traditional Chinese medicine practitioners, the preliminary relationship between this indicator and health is established as follows.

[0191] Very low range (0 to 1.3): When the systolic-to-diastolic ratio is in this range, it indicates a serious imbalance in arterial circulation. This may be related to symptoms such as edema, indigestion, and loss of appetite, suggesting that the functions of organs such as the heart, liver, and spleen may be disordered, affecting the normal circulation of qi and blood.

[0192] Lower range (1.3 to 1.5): In this range, arterial circulation remains unbalanced, but it is somewhat relieved compared to the "very low" range. At this time, venous resistance may increase, and the digestive, lymphatic, immune, nervous, and reproductive systems may be affected, resulting in symptoms in the liver and spleen such as bile reflux, nausea, vomiting, and acid reflux.

[0193] Normal range (1.5 to 1.72): A systolic-to-diastolic ratio within this range is considered normal. This indicates a relatively balanced internal venous circulation and a relatively stable level of health. Even if symptoms occur, their severity will be relatively mild.

[0194] Higher range (1.72 to 1.9): When the systolic-to-shunt ratio enters this range, it indicates that venous circulation is beginning to become unbalanced. There is a higher probability of health problems in organs such as the lungs, brain, and kidneys, and symptoms of qi deficiency such as memory loss and decreased endurance may occur. These symptoms affect the normal function of the musculoskeletal system, skeletal system, meridian system, nervous system, and reproductive system.

[0195] Very high range (1.9 to 3): When the systolic-to-diastolic ratio is in this range, there is a severe imbalance in venous circulation. Problems with organs such as the lungs, brain, and kidneys may already be very serious, and severe symptoms such as dizziness, shortness of breath, and chest tightness may occur, indicating that the flow of qi and blood has been severely obstructed.

[0196] Heart rate (HR) related syndrome characteristics table description

[0197] Regarding the TCM syndrome characteristics of heart rate, we divide it into three different intervals, each interval corresponding to different TCM syndrome characteristics.

[0198] Normal heart rate range (standard value ± 5): A heart rate within this range is considered normal. This indicates good heart function and no obvious discomfort symptoms.

[0199] High heart rate range (upper limit of standard +5 beats): When the heart rate exceeds the upper limit of standard by more than 5 beats, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) considers it a manifestation of heat in the heart. This may lead to symptoms such as irritability and chest tightness, and may also be accompanied by signs of heat such as thirst, red tongue with yellow coating.

[0200] Low heart rate range (lower standard limit +5 beats or less): When the heart rate is less than 5 beats per minute below the lower standard limit, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) considers it a manifestation of cold in the heart. This may lead to symptoms such as confusion and panic, and may also be accompanied by symptoms of coldness such as pale complexion and cold extremities.

[0201] From the analytical perspectives of the left and right hands: The left side shows the highest S_D_dis, and the systolic blood pressure deviates more from normal (LS): Disease risk warning: There is a high risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Based on the assessment results in Table 3, the risk level needs to be increased by one level. This condition may also be accompanied by symptoms of spleen deficiency.

[0202] Recommendation: The most needed health advice is to practice deep breathing, promote sweating appropriately, and engage in appropriate aerobic exercise to improve cardiovascular health and alleviate spleen deficiency.

[0203] The left side has the highest S_D_dis, and the diastolic blood pressure deviates more from normal (LD): Disease risk is indicated: Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risks exist, but the risk level remains unchanged after assessment according to Table 3. Furthermore, this condition may be accompanied by an increased probability of autoimmune reactions.

[0204] Recommendations: The most needed health advice is to increase sun exposure, supplement with probiotics to boost immunity, and spend more time with the land, soil, and plants to promote harmony between the body and nature, which can help reduce autoimmune responses.

[0205] The right side has the largest S_D_dis and the systolic blood pressure deviates more from the normal range (RS): This suggests a risk of disease and may be a constitutional characteristic of liver yang hyperactivity.

[0206] Recommendation: The most important health advice is to drink enough water to maintain fluid balance, avoid prolonged sitting to reduce pressure on the liver, and engage in appropriate aerobic exercise to promote the recovery and balance of liver function.

[0207] The right side has the largest S_D_dis and the diastolic blood pressure deviates more from the normal range (RD): This suggests a risk of disease: there may be liver yin deficiency and weakened liver function.

[0208] Recommendation: The most important health advice is to adjust your diet to ensure a balanced diet and maintain a regular sleep schedule to promote liver repair and functional recovery.

[0209] Heart rate (HR) deviating from normal values: This indicates a risk of disease: It suggests a disorder of cardiac function, that is, insufficient coordination between the heart's pumping process and other organs.

[0210] Recommendation: The most needed health advice at present is to engage in some rhythmic physical exercise training, such as Tai Chi and yoga, to enhance the heart's pumping function and the coordination between the body's various organs.

[0211] The health description of the S_D_dis concept is complete. (5) Concept - Extreme Value Difference (ED_BP): definition

[0212] This refers to the width of the data distribution range, numerically representing the difference between the highest and lowest values ​​obtained from multiple consecutive measurements. It is symbolically represented as ED_XX, where XX represents the correlation index for any blood pressure measurement process. Calculation method

[0213] ED_BP = BP_max - BP_min.

[0214] ED_DP = DP_max - DP_min.

[0215] ED_HR = HR_max - HR_min. Life State Analysis and Traditional Chinese Medicine Interpretation Based on Data Indicators

[0216] ED_BP and ED_DP represent the variability of blood pressure over a certain period. During continuous blood pressure measurement, the intermittent blockage of local blood flow can be viewed as a quantitative external intervention with a fixed impact. The blood pressure fluctuations expressed by an individual during measurement represent their response to quantitative external pressure. This response pattern can be reflected by the fluctuations themselves, indicating the body's reaction to pressure. This reveals the feedback level of the cardiovascular central regulatory mechanisms regarding local blood flow. Generally, greater fluctuations indicate a more acute and sensitive response, but also lower stability of the cardiovascular system. Analysis methods under the TCM mindset

[0217] Very low range (0 to 1.3): Severity description: Severe imbalance of arterial circulation.

[0218] Basis: When the ED_BP value is in this range, it indicates a severe imbalance in arterial circulation. This condition may be related to clinical manifestations such as edema, indigestion, and loss of appetite (i.e., symptoms such as poor appetite and stomach discomfort after eating), suggesting that there may be problems with the smooth flow of qi and blood in the body.

[0219] Lower range (1.3 to 1.5): Degree description: Arterial circulation imbalance, increased venous resistance.

[0220] Basis: Within this range, ED_BP values ​​indicate that arterial circulation remains unbalanced, and venous resistance is increased. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that this condition may lead to arterial circulatory disorders in the digestive, lymphatic, immune, nervous, and reproductive systems, primarily the heart, liver, and spleen. Specific symptoms may include bile reflux, nausea, vomiting, acid reflux, and other discomfort in the liver and spleen areas.

[0221] Normal range (1.5 to 1.72): Degree description: Within the normal range, the internal venous circulation is relatively balanced.

[0222] Basis: When the ED_BP value is within this range, it is considered normal. This indicates that the internal venous circulation is relatively balanced and the health is relatively stable. Even if symptoms appear, their severity will be relatively mild and will not have a significant impact on daily life.

[0223] Higher range (1.72 to 1.9): Severity description: venous circulation imbalance, higher probability of lung, brain and kidney health problems.

[0224] Basis: When the ED_BP value enters this range, it indicates that venous circulation is beginning to become unbalanced. In this situation, the probability of health problems in organs such as the lungs, brain, and kidneys is higher. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that this may lead to peripheral circulatory disorders in the musculoskeletal system (primarily the heart, lungs, brain, and kidneys), skeletal system, meridian system, nervous system, and reproductive system. Specific symptoms may include memory loss, decreased endurance, and other symptoms of Qi deficiency.

[0225] Very high range (1.9 to 3): Severity description: Severe imbalance of venous circulation.

[0226] Basis: When the ED_BP value reaches this range, it indicates a severe imbalance in venous circulation. In this situation, organs such as the lungs, brain, and kidneys may experience serious problems, with symptoms such as dizziness, shortness of breath, and chest tightness potentially being quite severe. These symptoms suggest that the flow of qi and blood has been severely obstructed, requiring timely intervention and treatment.

[0227] Furthermore, by identifying which of the maximum Ssp indicators deviates most from the normal blood pressure range, and applying the following analytical method, we can obtain indications of risk diseases: (6) Ratio of extreme value difference to standard deviation (ED / mean_XX)

[0228] Extreme value difference to standard deviation ratio (ED / mean_XX): Five sets of data from both the left and right hands are used to extract five sets of data for each side. The difference between the highest and lowest values ​​is then compared with the standard deviation range of the five sets of data to obtain the difference. algorithm

[0229] ED / mean_BP = (BP_max-BP_min) / BP_std.

[0230] ED / mean_DP = (DP_max-DP_min) / DP_std.

[0231] ED / mean_HR = (HR_max- HR_min) / HR_std. Life State Analysis and Traditional Chinese Medicine Interpretation Based on Data Indicators

[0232] The higher the value of the above data, the higher the probability of "fire stagnation" in traditional Chinese medicine.

[0233] The ratio (ED / mean_XX) of the extreme difference (the absolute value of ED_BPp, i.e., abs(ED_BPp)) to a certain mean (mean_XX, the specific mean is not specified, but may be the mean of a blood pressure-related parameter) is used to assess the stability of the circulatory system and potential health risks. This table categorizes health status into four levels based on different ranges of the ratio and provides further analysis regarding left and right hands (LR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure attributes (SD), and traditional Chinese medicine differentiation (cold / heat, deficiency / excess, exterior / interior, viscera).

[0234] Normal range (3 >= abs(ED / mean_XX)): Severity assessment: Normal; Detailed analysis: The location and attributes need to be confirmed to determine the left or right hand position of the highest value (L for left hand, R for right hand) and whether it is the extreme difference of systolic (S) or diastolic (D) blood pressure. The numbers here (L(1), R(2), S(3), D(4)) may be codes used to record or distinguish different situations.

[0235] Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) diagnosis: Within this range, the TCM diagnostic elements of cold / heat, deficiency / excess, exterior / interior, and internal organs are marked as potentially present (indicated by ""). This means that within the normal range, these TCM diagnostic elements may not show significant abnormalities, but may require further analysis based on the specific circumstances.

[0236] High-end range (5 >= abs(ED / mean_XX) >= 3): Level rating: Slightly high; Detailed analysis: The location and attributes also need to be confirmed for the left and right hands, as well as the attributes of systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

[0237] Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) diagnosis: In this range, only "deficiency and excess" is marked, which may mean that the stability of blood circulation is beginning to decline, which is related to the deficiency and excess state of Qi and blood. Other diagnostic elements (cold and heat, exterior and interior, and internal organs) are not clearly marked and may require further evaluation.

[0238] High interval (10 >= abs(ED / mean_XX) >= 5): Level rating: High Detailed analysis: The location and attributes need further confirmation regarding the left and right hands, as well as the attributes of systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

[0239] In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) diagnosis, the marking of "exterior" and "interior" may indicate that the internal and external balance of the circulatory system is affected, meaning that the manifestations of exterior syndromes (such as external wind-cold) or interior syndromes (such as organ dysfunction) are beginning to appear, while other diagnostic elements are not yet clear.

[0240] Very high intervals (abs(ED / mean_XX) >= 10): Level rating: Very high; Detailed analysis: The location and attributes still need to be confirmed for left and right hands, as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

[0241] In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) diagnosis: The marking of "cold / heat" and "internal organs" within this range may indicate a severe imbalance in the circulatory system, affecting not only the cold / heat state of Qi and blood but also directly linking to functional abnormalities of the internal organs. This usually signifies the need for immediate medical intervention and detailed TCM diagnosis and treatment. (7) Extreme value difference position (ED_XX_Loc)

[0242] Extreme value difference location (ED_XX_Loc): Extracts the location where the data with the largest deviation occurred. Life State Analysis and Traditional Chinese Medicine Interpretation Based on Data Indicators

[0243] Regardless of the physical properties of the data, the smaller the p-value, the more it leans towards "yang" in the TCM Yin-Yang theory; the larger the p-value, the more it leans towards "yin". Following the method described above, 67 relevant indicators were established. Through the above calculation and analysis process, a series of data indicators can be obtained. Based on physiological mechanisms and pathological reactions, the meaning definitions and principles of independent indicators are established, and a network of relationships between life states is built; further, the basis of traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis is incorporated to form a test report for traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis. 2.3 Embedding TCM syndrome identification methods

[0244] Based on a large number of continuous feature factor insertions and the five-line classification quantization dataset metrics established under the process model, the theories of the five tones, five elements, zang-fu organs, triple energizer, eight principles, qi, blood, and body fluid differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine can be incorporated to realize the quantization strategy of corresponding differentiation methods.

[0245] (1) The eight-principle differentiation method: Based on the induction of the original attributes of feature units by the process model based on the five-element principle, the ratio relationship between ES and SS data is used to evaluate "cold" and "heat"; the combination of AP and ES expresses "superficial"; the combination of DP and SS expresses "internal"; by comparing the proportion of NS in AP, DP, ES, and SS, the deficiency and excess of the middle qi are evaluated; finally, yin, superficial, and cold are aggregated and judged as "yin"; yang, internal, and heat are aggregated and judged as "yang".

[0246] (2) The differentiation method of qi movement: Compare the absolute values and ratio relationships of AP and DP to form a quantitative description of qi movement.

[0247] Using the ratio between AP and ES to express the proportion of the power of growth and excited-state elements, and evaluate the intensity of "out"; using the ratio relationship between DP and SS to express the proportion of the power of convergence and low-value elements, and express the level of "in".

[0248] (3) The zang-fu organ differentiation method: Correspond AP, DP, NS, ES, and SS to the five zang-fu organs of the heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney respectively to form a distribution map of the strength of zang-fu organ functions at the individual level. Then, according to the tendency of the detection data; if there is additional data, refine the characteristics of the ECG and CS signal types to correspond to the heart; refine the characteristics of the RAPW and PW signal types to correspond to the lung; refine the characteristics of the VS signal type to correspond to the spleen; refine the characteristics of the NIRS signal type to correspond to the liver; refine the characteristics of the EEG signal type to correspond to the kidney; form a five-element subdivision for the functions of the zang-fu organs themselves; obtain second-order evaluation data on the yin-yang and five-element attributes of the zang-fu organs at two levels of the individual perspective and the zang-fu organ perspective; realize zang-fu organ differentiation.

[0249] (4) The qi, blood, and body fluid differentiation method: If there is additional data, separate the impedance information in the ECG, the 'noise' component in the voice VS, PW, and evaluate the body fluid state of the organism. Combine the voice volume, frequency formants, and frequency domain distribution to distinguish the deficiency and excess of qi and blood and the state of body fluid distribution in the sample.

[0250] (5) Emotion differentiation: The speed and spontaneous fluctuation ability of rhythmic features can be extracted to obtain the "urgent and slow" features of emotions; and through the monitoring of lead signals such as ECG and EEG, make a collaborative judgment. Evaluate the current emotional state of an individual.

[0251] (6) Use the five-tone features corresponding to the signal conversion frequency, namely jue, zhi, gong, shang, and yu, to identify the five tones of an individual, complete the basis of individual bias based on the five tones, and form a five-tone zang-fu organ differentiation system.

[0252] (7) Calculate the complexity of speech temporal frequency and analyze the richness of the expression of emotion inherent in the sample. 3. Conclusion Output Method

[0253] After multiple measurements, a dynamic data relationship model between humans and the environment is generated. By comprehensively considering the values ​​of multiple physiological indicators (including systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate on both sides), as well as additional parameters such as trends, entropy, and bilateral differences obtained through calculation, a comprehensive judgment is made on an individual's health status or a certain physiological characteristic.

[0254] Meanwhile, various signal types, including voice (VS), heart sounds (CS), electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), respiration (PW), blood oxygen saturation (NIRS), and pulse wave pressure wave (RAPW), serve as auxiliary means to support bi-arm blood pressure measurement, enabling the acquisition of a wealth of health-related information. The following is a detailed analysis of the health information provided by these signal types.

[0255] (1) Voice (VS)

[0256] Emotional state: By analyzing the characteristics of speech such as tone, speed, and volume, an individual's emotional state, such as anxiety or depression, can be preliminarily determined, which can be used to determine whether blood pressure is related to emotions.

[0257] Speech disorders: Detecting the presence of speech disorders such as slurred speech or difficulty pronouncing words may be related to neurological diseases or lesions of the speech organs. This part of the nervous system function can also lead to abnormal blood pressure.

[0258] (2) Heart sounds (CS).

[0259] Cardiac function: Phonocardiography (PCG) can record the vibration waves generated by the heart's systolic and diastolic cycles, reflecting the opening and closing of heart valves, myocardial contractility, etc., thereby assessing cardiac function. Based on the evaluation of cardiac function, a more detailed analysis of the mechanism of blood pressure can be made.

[0260] Cardiovascular diseases: By analyzing heart sound characteristics, it is possible to assist in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases such as valvular heart disease, myocardial hypertrophy, and heart failure, and to make a more detailed analysis of the mechanism of blood pressure.

[0261] (3) Electrocardiogram (ECG).

[0262] Cardiac arrhythmias: An electrocardiogram (ECG) records changes in the heart's electrical activity and is the gold standard for diagnosing arrhythmias (such as atrial fibrillation, ventricular fibrillation, premature beats, etc.). It is also used to correspond to blood pressure values, providing a comprehensive description of blood pressure-related data.

[0263] Myocardial ischemia: ECG can also reflect the condition of myocardial ischemia, such as ST segment changes and T wave inversion, which is of great significance in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease and other diseases. Combined with other examinations, ECG can also provide clues to cardiac structural abnormalities (such as ventricular hypertrophy and atrial enlargement). It also provides a more definitive basis for judgment regarding inferences about the health of organs related to blood pressure.

[0264] (4) Electroencephalogram (EEG).

[0265] Neurological Function: Electroencephalography (EEG) records the brain's electrical activity, reflecting the functional state of the nervous system. It is of significant value in the diagnosis of diseases such as epilepsy and stroke. EEG can also be used to assess an individual's cognitive function, such as attention and memory, and has potential significance for the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases (such as Alzheimer's disease). Comparative and correlative evaluations can be made in predicting cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases based on blood pressure readings from both arms.

[0266] (5) Breathing (PW).

[0267] Respiratory function: Respiratory signals reflect an individual's respiratory rate, depth, and other parameters, and are important indicators for assessing respiratory function. Analyzing respiratory signals can aid in the diagnosis of respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The difference in circulating blood volume between inhalation and exhalation can indirectly explain the impact of the respiratory process on blood pressure.

[0268] (6) Blood oxygen (NIRS).

[0269] Blood oxygen saturation: Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) can non-invasively monitor blood oxygen saturation, reflecting the oxygen content in the blood and tissue perfusion. It is valuable for assessing cardiopulmonary function, microcirculatory disturbances, shock, and other pathological conditions. The blood oxygen wave monitored by NIRS primarily reflects the oxygen supply and demand balance of local tissues, while blood pressure in both arms reflects the overall functional status of the cardiovascular system. The two complement each other, providing comprehensive information for clinical assessment. Meanwhile, insufficient tissue perfusion is one of the main causes of local tissue hypoxia. The blood oxygen wave monitored by NIRS directly reflects local tissue hypoxia, while blood pressure in both arms indirectly reflects tissue perfusion by assessing the functional status of the cardiovascular system, ultimately guiding the selection of clinical intervention plans.

[0270] (7) Pulse wave pressure wave (RAPW).

[0271] Blood pressure monitoring: The pulse wave pressure wave signal is the resultant force for in-vivo assessment under the combined state of blood pressure and blood vessel wall force. To a certain extent, it can also reflect the changes in arterial blood pressure in real time, providing a new perspective for the diagnosis and management of diseases such as hypertension and hypotension. By analyzing the propagation speed and waveform characteristics of the pulse wave, the degree of arterial sclerosis can be evaluated, providing an important basis for the risk assessment of cardiovascular diseases. And verify the data of blood pressure in both arms. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0272] Figure 1 . Overall signal analysis process.

[0273] In the figure, 1. The human-machine interface information input interface is used to synchronously measure the continuous blood pressure data of both arms, and the data is transmitted to module 2, that is, (i) the raw signal input module; at the same time, if there are auxiliary signals, they are transmitted in parallel through module 4, that is, (ii) the auxiliary signal support module. All signals are transmitted to system module 3, that is, (iii) the index generation module to generate indexes, and then refine the indexes to form module 5, that is, (iv) the traditional Chinese medicine model data conversion module, and through module 6, that is, (v) the human-machine interaction interface module, the information verification is realized. Finally, under the inclusion of multiple measurement data, it is connected to module 7, which represents (vi) the continuous data deduction module, and a syndrome differentiation conclusion report is obtained. Detailed Implementation Manner

[0274] Based on the description steps of the invention content, it can be conveniently implemented. Now, typical embodiments are listed for illustration. Preparation before testing

[0275] Control the testing session, maintain the environmental temperature t with the lower limit higher than 10°C (50°F) and lower than 40°C (104°F), that is, 10°C < t < 40°C, and the humidity range is: 35%RH < humidity < 85%RH. Note that extreme environmental conditions may cause the sphygmomanometer to be inaccurate. It is recommended to keep the measurement place quiet and maintain a room temperature of about 25°C.

[0276] It is necessary to rest for 5 - 10 minutes before measuring blood pressure. After eating, smoking or exercising, it is necessary to rest for 30 - 45 minutes before measuring blood pressure. Blood pressure will change continuously due to factors such as stress, diet, smoking, drinking, medication, and exercise. During a day, the blood pressure value is higher during work and the lowest during sleep. It is recommended to measure blood pressure regularly every day. The measurement time of "continuous 5 times of blood pressure in both arms" for pre- and post-comparative measurement should be selected at the same time period every day. During the testing process

[0277] Keep still during measurement, do not shake the sphygmomanometer and the arm, relax the hand, with the palm facing up and at the same level as the heart; during measurement, please place both feet flat on the ground, put the elbows on the table, and do not cross or overlap the legs.

[0278] No manual operation is required during the five consecutive measurements of blood pressure in both arms; the equipment operates naturally and continuously. Do not remove the cuffs during the measurement. Each measurement of blood pressure in both arms includes a recording time of approximately 65-70 seconds, with an inflation time of ≤20 seconds, followed by a deflation time of approximately 45-50 seconds. Blood flow resumes from the start of deflation, followed by a 10-second pause before starting the next measurement. After the test is completed

[0279] The generated test report is shown below. I. Basic Patient Information Case number: 1133.

[0280] Gender: Female.

[0281] Date of birth: August 8, 1996.

[0282] Initial consultation time: 16:02 on July 21, 2016.

[0283] II. Initial Diagnosis Data and Analysis

[0284] Bilateral blood pressure monitoring: Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rate were recorded in multiple measurements of both arms. The extreme value difference (ED_BPp) of each organ region was calculated to assess the balance of blood circulation in specific areas.

[0285] The systolic-diastolic ratio (S_D_dis) was 106.8 / 73.7, which is within the normal range, indicating that the overall blood pressure level is within the normal range.

[0286] ED_BPp values ​​for various organ regions: Heart area: 8; Spleen area: 7; Liver area: 4; Kidney area: 16 (indicating severe imbalance in the kidney area); Lung area: 9 (indicating some imbalance in the lung area); Other diagnostic information: Blood routine examination: The percentage of neutrophils was low (33.6%) and the percentage of lymphocytes was high (52.7%), suggesting that there may be an abnormality in the immune system.

[0287] Western medicine diagnosis: hyperthyroidism. The patient has been taking Western medicine for hyperthyroidism for 6 months.

[0288] Balance diagnostic analysis:

[0289] High diastolic blood pressure resistance, especially severe imbalance in the renal and pulmonary regions.

[0290] The blood routine test results are consistent with the diagnosis of organ balance, suggesting that there may be health problems related to organ function.

[0291] III. Follow-up Visit Data and Analysis

[0292] Follow-up visit time: 16:12 on November 2, 2016.

[0293] Bi-arm blood pressure measurement: Record blood pressure data again and calculate the new ED_BPp value.

[0294] S_D_dis: 108.9 / 72.8, still within the normal range, but changed from the initial diagnosis.

[0295] ED_BPp values ​​for various organ regions: Heart area: 7; Spleen area: 6; Liver area: 6; Kidney area: 0 (indicating that the kidney area has returned to balance); Lung area: 3 (indicating that the lung area is also approaching balance); Other diagnostic information: Blood routine examination: The percentage of neutrophils returned to normal (57.4%), and the percentage of lymphocytes also returned to normal (33.7%).

[0296] Efficacy assessment: Diastolic blood pressure resistance decreased, arterial circulation improved, and the kidney and lung areas were basically restored to balance, indicating significant treatment effect.

[0297] The blood routine test results from Western medicine returned to normal, which is consistent with the assessment of the treatment effect.

[0298] Treatment and management: Discontinue medication.

[0299] Research Analysis:

[0300] Neutrophil and lymphocyte counts are valuable for the early diagnosis of cancer. Although this case is not cancerous, it highlights the sensitivity of these indicators in assessing health status.

[0301] Combining blood pressure readings from both arms five times simultaneously with the organ balance diagnostic method can help detect potential health problems early and provide supplementary information for Western medicine diagnosis.

[0302] Although the treatment temporarily restored the indicators to normal, they tended to deteriorate again after the medication was stopped, indicating that a complete cure requires longer-term treatment and monitoring.

[0303] The technical solution of this invention provides a preliminary assessment of health status from a Traditional Chinese Medicine perspective, not a diagnosis of disease. The organ scoring is based on a rational derivation of blood pressure, not a medical diagnosis. Different doctors may interpret the data differently, but the data structure is consistent and objective, and can form a data structure for evaluating health.

[0304] These embodiments are merely illustrative examples and should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of the present invention to these embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, and all such modifications should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0305] This concludes the instruction manual.

Claims

1. Claim 1. The title of this patent is "Dual-Arm Continuous Blood Pressure Measurement Technology and its Data Integration and Vital State Recognition System from a Traditional Chinese Medicine Perspective," hereinafter referred to as the System. The System comprises: (i) Original signal input module, (ii) Auxiliary signal support module, (iii) Indicator generation module, (iv) Traditional Chinese medicine model data conversion module, (v) Human-computer interaction interface module, (vi) Continuous data deduction module. The system can generate life status assessment conclusions from multiple perspectives based on signal input, realize the bias assessment of the overall working state of the body from a physiological perspective, and realize the evaluation of syndromes based on the TCM Five Elements Differentiation Model.

2. Claim 2, the system according to claim 1, wherein (i) the original signal input module mainly includes immediately measured Bilateral Continuous Blood Pressure (BCBP) data, and may embed signal types including voice (VS), heart sound (CS), electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), respiration (PW), blood oxygen saturation (NIRS), and pulse wave pressure wave (RAPW) as auxiliary signals; wherein (ii) the auxiliary signal support module includes necessary information such as name, gender, date of birth, height, and weight, and other auxiliary optional information such as city of residence, type of work, and exercise habits, as well as other information acquired by sensing devices with medical diagnostic value or other information that meets medical diagnostic standards.

3. According to the system of claim 1, in its (iii) feature factor generation module, a dedicated time-frequency fusion analysis method is adopted to establish a feature extraction and identification scheme designed with the goal of life status evaluation, and extract its diagnostic value features, including the identification of long-term and short-term key rhythms of various signals, rhythm attributes, formants and their order; the relationship between ascending and descending slopes; the relationship between the ups and downs in the data amplitude process; the characteristics of multi-scale entropy and the randomness of conscious behavior, etc., and match them with human rhythm, pressure, hearing and other perceptions.

4. According to the system of claim 1, its (iv) TCM model data conversion module converts the feature factors into TCM organ assessment and analysis conclusions. The algorithm model adopted by the conversion module is: (1) subjective analysis based on random feature recognition, (2) functional structure observation based on signal physical characteristics, (3) trend characteristic analysis based on dynamic process model, and (4) data dynamic structure evaluation based on human-environment interaction.

5. Based on the system described in claim 1 and the method described in claim 4, in the (v) information feedback and interactive confirmation module, the part that can be interactively verified is selected, an understandable language conclusion is generated, and it is provided to the test subject for confirmation. The indicators generated by the individual's arbitrary operation are eliminated, the data of the fuzzy verification type is double-retained, and the features that confirm the individual's subjective judgment advantage are trusted and incorporated. Finally, the optimal conclusion of the data accuracy that can be achieved by the joint human and machine is obtained by combining the communication feedback results of the device and the human.

6. According to the system of claim 1 and the method of claim 4, its (vi) continuous data extrapolation module combines the numerical values ​​based on equipment quantitative analysis with the confirmation results after human interaction verification to form a dual report of data and graphics; wherein, The data report includes feature algorithms for the original signals, calculated features, time variables, and conclusions and supporting data after recording and confirmation of the human-computer interaction process. The graphic report mainly consists of translated result information and is a visual expression report with text and pictures presented to the tester. It shows the assessment of the body and its organs' working status based on objective life status evaluation and combined with the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine.

7. The overall workflow of the system according to claim 1 is as follows: (1) Input personal basic information and connect the sensor end of the corresponding detection device to the designated part of the body according to the standard; (2) Record the waveform complete and uninterrupted effective signal data for no less than 3 minutes; (3) Generate the characteristic factors of the signal model respectively, and interpret its physiological significance and pathological indications through physiological principles; (4) Form a reliable life state identification data structure according to the knowledge framework of life science and physiology; (5) Based on the TCM diagnosis method, establish the organ function estimation that combines knowledge and phenomena; (6) Process the information into a displayable expression based on the human-computer interaction interface, accept human modification confirmation, and further match the device logic to establish the optimal accuracy result archive; (7) Generate data reports and graphic reports to complete the data-based life state evaluation.

8. The system according to claim 1 has a rich prescription generation function. It includes guidance matching classic medical monographs; it also includes suitable dietary structure, breathing and exercise methods, color space, music guidance, etc., to achieve comprehensive conditioning suggestions within the scope of the whole senses and the whole metabolic cycle.

9. The system according to claim 1, the description of the above content in the patent is an exemplary description of the system of this type. In view of the process model theory created by the pathogenesis design and its interpretation system of life science and medical principles, within the scope of the conventional association of a person skilled in the art, the inventive design of changing signal leads, changing algorithm names, adjusting data weights to adapt to specific health goals, etc., can all be considered to be similar to the content protected by this patent.

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