Dynamic energy scheduling method and system for grid-connected hydrogen fuel cell combined heat and power system

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy dynamic scheduling method and system of a grid-connected hydrogen fuel cell combined heat and power system. Based on a household grid-connected fuel cell combined heat and power system, switching between waste heat recovery and heat storage utilization is achieved through two three-way valves. Detecting the difference value between the photovoltaic power generation output power and the household load demand power in the combined supply system in real time; if the difference value is a positive value, determining that power is surplus, entering an energy storage scheduling mode, judging whether to charge the storage battery according to the charge state of the storage battery and judging whether to start hydrogen production according to the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank; if the difference value is a negative value, a power gap is formed, an energy supply scheduling mode is carried out, and whether the fuel cell is started to generate power or not is judged according to the hydrogen storage tank pressure, the charge state of the storage battery and the difference value between the maximum allowable output power of the storage battery and the power gap. The stability and power output of the fuel cell are optimized, meanwhile, waste heat is efficiently recycled and utilized, energy waste is reduced, and the overall energy efficiency of the system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic, combined heat and power and energy storage technology, specifically relating to a method and system for dynamic energy scheduling of a grid-connected hydrogen fuel cell combined heat and power system. Background Technology

[0002] For households with continuous electricity needs, hydrogen fuel cell systems serve as an effective energy storage and conversion technology. They convert excess electricity generated by photovoltaic power generation into hydrogen through water electrolysis for storage. When photovoltaic power generation is insufficient, the hydrogen is converted back into electricity through fuel cells, enabling energy to be allocated and utilized efficiently across time periods. This "power generation-hydrogen storage-electricity release" technology provides a basic solution for a stable supply of household energy.

[0003] In existing technologies, the main approach to energy management methods for fuel cell combined heat and power (CHP) systems for residential users is to achieve household energy balance through scenario-based energy dispatching. Specifically: In grid-connected scenarios, excess electricity is stored as either electricity or hydrogen during off-peak electricity price periods and periods of renewable energy (such as photovoltaic power generation). During non-storage periods (such as peak electricity consumption or peak electricity price periods), the stored energy is released to meet household load demands, reducing reliance on grid power purchases. In off-grid scenarios, excess electricity generated from clean energy (such as photovoltaic power generation) is stored and released to supply the load during non-storage periods, or the stored hydrogen is traded to achieve external energy utilization, thereby maintaining household energy supply and demand balance even when disconnected from the grid.

[0004] However, the existing technologies still have significant limitations: (1) The load-bearing mechanism of fuel cells does not fully take into account the volatility of household loads and lacks specific dynamic adjustment implementation schemes, which can easily lead to unstable equipment operation. (2) The heating mechanism is relatively crude, and the waste heat generated during energy storage is not fully utilized, resulting in excessive reliance on additional heating equipment and energy waste. Therefore, a more optimized energy management strategy is urgently needed to solve the problems existing in the existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a dynamic energy scheduling method for grid-connected hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration systems. By real-time detection of the power difference between photovoltaic power generation and household load, the method automatically switches to either energy storage or power supply scheduling mode, optimizes the start-up conditions for battery charging, hydrogen production, and fuel cell power generation, and utilizes waste heat recovery to improve system energy efficiency and reduce energy waste.

[0006] The first aspect of this application discloses a method for dynamic energy scheduling of a grid-connected hydrogen fuel cell combined heat and power system, which adopts the following technical solution: Based on a residential grid-connected fuel cell combined heat and power system, the system switches between waste heat recovery and heat storage utilization via a first three-way valve and a second three-way valve. In the first three-way valve, the first port is connected to the waste heat outlet of the electrolyzer, the second port is connected to the waste heat outlet of the fuel cell, and the third port is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger. In the second three-way valve, the first port is connected to the cooling water inlet of the electrolyzer, the second port is connected to the cooling water inlet of the fuel cell, and the third port is connected to the cold water outlet of the heat exchanger. The method includes: The system monitors the difference between the output power of photovoltaic power generation and the power demand of household loads in the combined heat and power system in real time. If the difference is positive, it indicates a photovoltaic power surplus, and the combined heat and power system enters the energy storage dispatch mode. If the difference is negative, it indicates a photovoltaic power deficit, and the combined heat and power system enters the energy supply dispatch mode. In the energy storage dispatch mode, it is determined whether to charge the battery based on the battery's state of charge, and whether to start hydrogen production based on the hydrogen storage tank pressure; wherein, in the energy storage dispatch mode, the grid connection mode is determined based on the photovoltaic power surplus and the electrolyzer power threshold. In the energy supply scheduling mode, the decision to start fuel cell power generation is made based on the hydrogen storage tank pressure, battery state of charge, and the difference between the battery's maximum allowable output power and the photovoltaic power gap. In the energy supply scheduling mode, a fuzzy control strategy is invoked to determine the output power of the fuel cell.

[0007] Furthermore, the difference is: photovoltaic power generation output power. and household load power requirements Calculate the power difference in the combined heat and power system. ; when The combined heat and power system enters energy storage dispatch mode. The surplus power; in the energy storage dispatch mode: when the electrolyzer is running, the second ports of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are both closed, and the waste heat generated by the electrolyzer is exchanged with the building water circuit through the heat exchanger to provide hot water and cool the electrolyzer; when The combined heat and power system implements an energy supply scheduling mode. To address the power gap; when the fuel cell is operating, the first ports of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are closed, and the waste heat is exchanged with the building's water system through a plate heat exchanger to supply hot water and cool the fuel cell.

[0008] Furthermore, determining whether to charge the battery based on its state of charge includes: Real-time calculation of the battery's state of charge (SOC); when the SOC is less than the scheduling threshold... hour, It is primarily used for charging the battery; battery charging power. ; When SOC is greater than or equal to the scheduling threshold At that time, based on the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank Determine whether to start hydrogen production.

[0009] Furthermore, based on the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank Determining whether to initiate hydrogen production includes: When the hydrogen storage tank pressure Greater than or equal to the upper limit of the safe pressure threshold of the hydrogen storage tank The surplus photovoltaic power will be fed into the grid, and the grid-connected power will be [missing information]. ; When the hydrogen storage tank pressure Less than the upper limit of the safe pressure threshold of the hydrogen storage tank Determine surplus power Relationship with the operating threshold of the electrolytic cell: when At this time, the electrolytic cell is in a shutdown state, and the surplus photovoltaic power is fed into the grid, with the grid-connected power being [amount missing]. ;in, This represents the minimum start-up power for hydrogen production in an electrolyzer. For auxiliary system power; when The electrolytic cell absorbs all the surplus photovoltaic power; among which, This represents the maximum operating power for hydrogen production in the electrolyzer. when The electrolytic cell operates at maximum power. The system operates and integrates unabsorbed power into the grid, with grid-connected power... .

[0010] Furthermore, the steps for determining whether to start fuel cell power generation include: When the hydrogen storage tank pressure Less than or equal to its lower safety pressure threshold The combined heat and power system will not start the fuel cell; furthermore, if the battery has remaining energy and the SOC is greater than or equal to the lower limit of the safety threshold, but Then use the storage battery to discharge. This is the maximum permissible output power of the battery; the battery is... It outputs electrical energy to external sources, supplementing any shortfall with electricity drawn from the power grid. When the remaining battery power is depleted and the State of Charge (SOC) is below the lower limit of the safety threshold, power is drawn from the grid to fill the photovoltaic power gap. ;in, This represents the real-time power input from the grid interface.

[0011] Furthermore, when the hydrogen storage tank pressure Within the normal range, that is The combined heat and power (CHP) system allows fuel cells to participate; when the battery SOC is less than the upper limit of the SOC safety threshold, or when the battery SOC is equal to the upper limit of the SOC safety threshold and When the fuel cell starts generating electricity, the output power of the fuel cell is determined based on a fuzzy control strategy.

[0012] Furthermore, the output power of the fuel cell is determined based on a fuzzy control strategy; including: The input to the fuzzy control strategy is the difference between the real-time battery SOC, the power deficit, and the lower limit of the optimal operating range of the fuel cell. Real-time battery SOC and Convert the data into fuzzy sets, map them to multiple fuzzy subsets using membership functions, and derive the output power ratio coefficient based on fuzzy inference rules. ; The output power of the fuel cell is determined by the output proportional coefficient. The adjusted power value is expressed as: ; In the formula, For the output power of the fuel cell, and These represent the upper and lower limits of the optimal operating range for fuel cells, respectively.

[0013] The second aspect of this application discloses an energy dynamic scheduling system for a grid-connected hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration system, which implements the technical solution of the cogeneration system energy dynamic scheduling method as described in the first aspect of this application. The system includes: The mode judgment module is used to detect the difference between the output power of photovoltaic power generation and the power demand of household load in the combined heat and power system in real time. If the difference is positive, it indicates a photovoltaic power surplus, and the combined heat and power system enters the energy storage scheduling mode. If the difference is negative, it indicates a photovoltaic power deficit, and the combined heat and power system enters the energy supply scheduling mode. An energy storage scheduling module is used to determine whether to charge the battery based on its state of charge and whether to start hydrogen production based on the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank in the energy storage scheduling mode. In the energy storage scheduling mode, the grid connection mode is determined based on the photovoltaic power surplus and the electrolyzer power threshold. The power supply scheduling module is used to determine whether to start fuel cell power generation based on the hydrogen storage tank pressure, battery state of charge, and the difference between the maximum allowable output power of the battery and the photovoltaic power gap in the power supply scheduling mode; wherein, in the power supply scheduling mode, a fuzzy control strategy is invoked to determine the output power of the fuel cell.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are that, compared with the prior art, 1. This application improves the stability and adaptability of the fuel cell system. By monitoring the difference between household load demand and photovoltaic power output in real time, the combined heat and power system can automatically switch to energy storage dispatch or power supply dispatch mode according to the actual situation. This dynamic dispatch method ensures that the output power of the fuel cell matches the fluctuations in household load, avoiding instability caused by excessive load fluctuations. The application of fuzzy control strategy further optimizes the output power of the fuel cell, enabling the system to maintain efficient and stable performance under different operating conditions.

[0015] 2. This application enables the efficient utilization of waste heat resources and the reduction of energy waste. Through the design of a three-way valve, this technical solution can effectively recover waste heat generated by electrolyzers and fuel cells in energy storage scheduling mode, and convert it into hot water for domestic use via a heat exchanger. In energy supply scheduling mode, waste heat can also be recovered through the heat exchanger, achieving full utilization of waste heat, avoiding over-reliance on additional heating equipment, thereby reducing energy waste and improving the overall energy efficiency of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a grid-connected hydrogen fuel cell combined heat and power system; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control strategy for the energy storage module. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the control strategy for the power supply module. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this invention. The embodiments described in this application are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the spirit of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this invention.

[0018] As an embodiment of this application, a structural framework for a residential grid-connected fuel cell combined heat and power system is disclosed, with reference to... Figure 1 The residential grid-connected fuel cell combined heat and power system of this embodiment includes a solar panel array, a hydrogen production module (electrolyzer, compressor, hydrogen storage tank), a fuel cell, a battery, a residential building, a waste heat recovery module (including a heat exchanger, water tank, water pump, three-way valve 1 (first three-way valve) and three-way valve 2 (second three-way valve)), and a power grid interface.

[0019] In a further embodiment, the residential grid-connected fuel cell combined heat and power system in this example integrates solar energy, batteries, and hydrogen energy. Its connection method is centered on a DC bus, revolving around the flow and conversion of the three energy sources: electricity, hydrogen, and heat. Specifically: Regarding the power flow: The solar panel array generates direct current (DC), which is transmitted to an electrolyzer via a first DC / DC converter to produce hydrogen through water electrolysis. The hydrogen is then transmitted to a battery via a second DC / DC converter for storage and, when needed, converted to alternating current (AC) via a DC / AC inverter to directly power the building. The fuel cell is a separate power generation unit that uses hydrogen from the electrolyzer to generate DC power to charge the battery. It can also supply power to the building via a DC / AC inverter when photovoltaic power is insufficient.

[0020] For hydrogen energy flow: The electrolyzer produces hydrogen (H2) by electrolyzing water, which is then pressurized by a compressor and sent to a hydrogen storage tank for storage. The stored hydrogen generates electricity through a fuel cell.

[0021] Regarding heat flow: The electrolyzer and fuel cell generate significant waste heat during operation, which is transferred to the water pump via ports a (first port) and b (second port) of three-way valve 1, and then connected to the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger uses the incoming waste heat to heat the cold water in the building's water system for user use. Cooling water from the heat exchanger is transferred to a water tank and then via three-way valve 2 to the electrolyzer and fuel cell for cooling.

[0022] In a further implementation, the optimal operating area of ​​the fuel cell, the minimum start-up power / maximum operating power of the electrolyzer for hydrogen production, the power of the auxiliary system (power requirements of other auxiliary equipment in the combined heat and power system), the upper and lower limits of the safe state of charge (SOC) threshold of the battery, the maximum allowable output power of the battery, and the upper and lower limits of the safe pressure of the hydrogen storage tank are set.

[0023] As an embodiment of this application, a dynamic energy scheduling method for a grid-connected hydrogen fuel cell combined heat and power system for residential applications is disclosed. This method includes real-time detection and mode determination, energy storage scheduling mode, and energy supply scheduling mode.

[0024] S1: In a further implementation, the photovoltaic power generation output power is detected in real time. and the power demand of household load (i.e., the load of a residential building) Calculate the power difference of the combined heat and power system. .

[0025] when If so, it indicates that there is a surplus of photovoltaic power, and the system will enter the S2 energy storage dispatch mode. when If the photovoltaic power is insufficient, the system will enter the S3 function scheduling mode.

[0026] In further explanation, when This indicates that the power generated by the photovoltaic system exactly matches the power demand of the household load, meaning the system has neither a power surplus nor a power deficit. In this situation, depending on the specific system requirements, the following two possible approaches can be taken: If in energy storage dispatch mode The photovoltaic power output is perfectly balanced with the load demand, with no excess power available for charging the batteries and no shortfall requiring replenishment from the grid or fuel cells. Because there is no excess power, the batteries will not be charged. If the battery's State of Charge (SOC) exceeds a certain value (e.g., SOC ≥ 0.8), the combined heat and power system will maintain its current state; simultaneously, even if the hydrogen storage tank pressure is insufficient, the electrolyzer will not be activated for hydrogen production because there is no surplus electricity. If the hydrogen storage tank is full and the system power is balanced, the surplus electricity will be directly fed into the grid.

[0027] If it is in energy supply dispatch mode If the photovoltaic power output just meets the load demand, the cogeneration system will not draw power from the grid or start the fuel cell. If the battery's SOC is within the normal range (e.g., between 0.6 and 0.8), the battery will remain in its current state without charging or discharging. However, if the hydrogen storage tank pressure is below the lower limit and the battery SOC is also below the lower limit, the cogeneration system may start the fuel cell to supplement power. But in this case, because... Fuel cells do not actually need to participate in power supply. They only provide electricity when there is a power shortage.

[0028] That is, when At this time, the cogeneration system is in a power balance state and does not require additional charging, discharging, or energy conversion. All components of the cogeneration system (such as batteries, hydrogen storage tanks, and fuel cells) will remain in their current state without the need for power dispatching, unless other states change (such as increased load or decreased photovoltaic power generation).

[0029] S2: In a further implementation, refer to Figure 2 In the energy storage dispatch mode, the combined heat and power system determines whether the battery needs to be charged and whether hydrogen production needs to be started based on the battery's state of charge.

[0030] In one specific implementation, the state of charge (SOC) of the battery is calculated in real time, and when the SOC is less than the scheduling threshold... hour, It is used first to charge the battery, at this time Surplus power, battery charging power .

[0031] When SOC is greater than or equal to the scheduling threshold At that time, the combined heat and power system adjusts according to the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank. Determine whether to start hydrogen production: (1) When Greater than or equal to the upper limit of the safe pressure threshold of the hydrogen storage tank If the hydrogen storage tank is full, the surplus photovoltaic power will be fed into the grid, and the grid-connected power will be [not specified]. .

[0032] (2) When Less than the upper limit of the safe pressure threshold of the hydrogen storage tank Considering the lifespan and start-up time of the electrolytic cell, an operating threshold is set to ensure the cell operates within a certain power range, minimizing frequent start-ups and shutdowns; surplus power is assessed. Relationship with electrolytic cell power threshold: when At this time, the electrolytic cell is in a shutdown state, and the surplus photovoltaic power is fed into the grid, with the grid-connected power being [amount missing]. .in, This represents the minimum start-up power for hydrogen production in an electrolyzer. This is for auxiliary system power.

[0033] when The electrolytic cell absorbs all the surplus photovoltaic power. Among them, This represents the maximum operating power for hydrogen production in the electrolyzer.

[0034] when The electrolytic cell operates at maximum power. The system operates and integrates unabsorbed power into the grid, with grid-connected power... .

[0035] In one specific implementation, when the electrolytic cell is running, the b outlets of three-way valve 1 and three-way valve 2 are closed, and the waste heat generated by the electrolytic cell is exchanged with the building water system through a heat exchanger to provide hot water and cool the electrolytic cell.

[0036] S3: In a further implementation, refer to Figure 3 In the functional scheduling mode, the combined heat and power system determines whether to start the fuel cell system to generate electricity based on the reading of the pressure sensor in the hydrogen storage tank, the battery SOC, the maximum allowable output power of the battery, and the power difference of the combined heat and power system.

[0037] In one specific implementation, under the function scheduling mode... This is a power gap. When the hydrogen storage tank pressure... Less than or equal to its lower safety pressure threshold This means that the hydrogen reserves in the combined heat and power (CHP) system are already very low, insufficient or not worthwhile to start the fuel cell. At this point, the CHP system degenerates into a conventional scenario without fuel cell participation, and the power supply priority is adjusted to: If the battery's SOC is greater than or equal to the lower limit of the safety threshold and there is remaining electrical energy, but If necessary, first discharge the battery. This is the maximum permissible output power of the battery; the battery is... It outputs electricity to external sources, and draws power from the power grid to make up for any shortfall.

[0038] When the battery's state of charge (SOC) is below the lower safety threshold (SOCb) or the battery's remaining power is depleted, power is drawn from the grid to fill the power gap. Here, For the real-time power input of the grid interface, when This indicates that electricity is drawn from the power grid. This means setting the power taken from the grid interface to the magnitude of the current power difference in the combined heat and power system.

[0039] In one specific implementation, when the hydrogen storage tank pressure Within the normal range, that is This indicates that there is sufficient hydrogen reserve. At this point, the combined heat and power system is a system involving fuel cells.

[0040] When the battery SOC is less than the upper limit of the SOC safety threshold SOCa, or when the battery SOC is equal to the upper limit of the SOC safety threshold and When the fuel cell is activated, its output power is based on a fuzzy control strategy: (1) The inputs to fuzzy control are: the difference between the real-time battery SOC, the power deficit and the lower limit of the optimal operating range of the fuel cell. .

[0041] In fuzzy control, State of Charge (SOC) reflects the remaining charge of the battery, which directly affects the output demand of the fuel cell. When the battery charge is low, the cogeneration system needs to rely on the fuel cell to provide more power; conversely, when the charge is high, the fuel cell's demand is relatively low. Therefore, SOC is a key parameter for measuring the battery's state of being, and it affects the fuel cell's operating state: a low SOC requires an increase in fuel cell output power, while a high SOC reduces fuel cell output power.

[0042] and The difference between the power demand of the combined heat and power system and the minimum power operating point of the fuel cell. A larger value indicates a significant power deficit in the combined heat and power system, requiring the fuel cell to provide more electrical energy. A smaller value indicates a smaller power deficit in the combined heat and power system, and a lower output demand for the fuel cell.

[0043] Furthermore, real-time battery SOC and It will be used as an input variable to control the output power ratio coefficient of the fuel cell through fuzzy inference rules. The following is the fuzzy control process: Real-time battery SOC and Converted into a fuzzy set, it is mapped to three fuzzy subsets through a membership function: the mapping for battery SOC is as follows, H (high). M1 (Middle) L (low) ;right The mapping is as follows, S (smaller). M2 (moderate) B (larger) .

[0044] In further explanation, it can be divided into more detailed fuzzy subsets according to granularity requirements.

[0045] Based on fuzzy control rules, the combined cycle power supply (CCHP) is determined according to the battery's state of charge (SOC) and... The appropriate output power scaling factor is derived from the fuzzy subset. The common rules are as follows: Rule 1: If SOC is H and If it is S, then for That is, when the battery has sufficient charge and the power deficit is small, the fuel cell needs to output less power.

[0046] Rule 2: If SOC is M1 and If it is M2, then for That is, when the battery charge and power deficit are both moderate, the fuel cell outputs moderate power.

[0047] Rule 3: If SOC is L and If it is B, then for That is, when the battery charge is low and the power gap is large, the fuel cell needs to provide more power.

[0048] in, .

[0049] (2) The output of fuzzy control is: power ratio coefficient This is used to adjust the output power of the fuel cell, ranging from 0 to 1; the final output power of the fuel cell is determined by the proportional coefficient. The adjusted power value is expressed as follows: ; In the formula, For the final output power of the fuel cell, and These represent the upper and lower limits of the optimal operating range for fuel cells, respectively.

[0050] In one specific implementation, a safety protection strategy for the battery is set: When the battery's SOC exceeds its upper safety threshold, the fuel cell is shut down to prevent overcharging of the battery. When the battery's state of charge (SOC) is below its lower safety threshold, the fuel cell is activated to prevent the battery from being over-discharged.

[0051] In one specific implementation, when the fuel cell is in operation, outlet a of the three-way valves 1 and 2 is closed, and waste heat is exchanged with the building's water system through a plate heat exchanger to supply hot water and cool the fuel cell.

[0052] In one specific implementation, when photovoltaic energy is sufficient during the day, the combined heat and power system switches to energy storage dispatch mode. During this process, excess electrical energy is diverted to the hydrogen production equipment, at which point outlet b of the three-way valves 1 and 2 is closed; the hot water generated by the operation of the electrolyzer exchanges heat with the building's water system via a plate heat exchanger, which can both supply hot water to users and cool the electrolyzer with the help of room temperature water in the building's water system.

[0053] When photovoltaic energy is insufficient at night, the combined heat and power system switches to the power supply dispatch mode. At this time, outlet a of three-way valves 1 and 2 is closed, and a large amount of high-quality heat energy generated by the operation of the fuel cell is exchanged with the building water circuit through the plate heat exchanger. While supplying hot water to users, the room temperature water in the building water circuit also cools down the fuel cell.

[0054] As an embodiment of this application, a combined heat and power (CHP) system energy dynamic scheduling system is disclosed, employing the specific implementation method described above for the CHP system energy dynamic scheduling method. The system includes: The mode judgment module is used to detect the difference between the output power of photovoltaic power generation and the power demand of household load in the combined heat and power system in real time. If the difference is positive, it indicates a photovoltaic power surplus, and the combined heat and power system enters the energy storage scheduling mode. If the difference is negative, it indicates a photovoltaic power deficit, and the combined heat and power system enters the energy supply scheduling mode. An energy storage scheduling module is used to determine whether to charge the battery based on its state of charge and whether to start hydrogen production based on the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank in the energy storage scheduling mode. In the energy storage scheduling mode, the grid connection mode is determined based on the photovoltaic power surplus and the electrolyzer power threshold. The power supply scheduling module is used to determine whether to start fuel cell power generation based on the hydrogen storage tank pressure, battery state of charge, and the difference between the maximum allowable output power of the battery and the photovoltaic power gap in the power supply scheduling mode; wherein, in the power supply scheduling mode, a fuzzy control strategy is invoked to determine the output power of the fuel cell.

[0055] As an embodiment of this application, an electronic device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the computer program is loaded onto the processor, it employs the specific implementation method described above for the combined heat and power system energy dynamic scheduling method.

[0056] As an embodiment of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it adopts the specific implementation method described above for the combined heat and power system energy dynamic scheduling method.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic energy scheduling of a grid-connected hydrogen fuel cell combined heat and power system, wherein the combined heat and power system switches between waste heat recovery and thermal storage utilization through a first three-way valve and a second three-way valve; wherein, The first port of the first three-way valve is connected to the waste heat outlet of the electrolyzer, the second port is connected to the waste heat outlet of the fuel cell, and the third port is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger; the first port of the second three-way valve is connected to the cooling water inlet of the electrolyzer, the second port is connected to the cooling water inlet of the fuel cell, and the third port is connected to the cold water outlet of the heat exchanger; the method is characterized in that it includes: The system monitors the difference between the output power of photovoltaic power generation and the power demand of household loads in the combined heat and power system in real time. If the difference is positive, it indicates a photovoltaic power surplus, and the combined heat and power system enters the energy storage dispatch mode. If the difference is negative, it indicates a photovoltaic power deficit, and the combined heat and power system enters the energy supply dispatch mode. In the energy storage dispatch mode, it is determined whether to charge the battery based on the battery's state of charge, and whether to start hydrogen production based on the hydrogen storage tank pressure; wherein, in the energy storage dispatch mode, the grid connection mode is determined based on the photovoltaic power surplus and the electrolyzer power threshold. In the energy supply scheduling mode, the decision to start fuel cell power generation is made based on the hydrogen storage tank pressure, battery state of charge, and the difference between the battery's maximum allowable output power and the photovoltaic power gap. In the energy supply scheduling mode, a fuzzy control strategy is invoked to determine the output power of the fuel cell.

2. The method for dynamic energy scheduling of a grid-connected hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The difference is: Photovoltaic power output and household load power requirements Calculate the power difference in the combined heat and power system. ; when The combined heat and power system enters energy storage dispatch mode. The surplus power; in the energy storage dispatch mode: when the electrolyzer is running, the second port of the first three-way valve and the second port of the second three-way valve are both closed, and the waste heat generated by the electrolyzer is exchanged with the building water circuit through the heat exchanger to provide hot water and cool the electrolyzer; when The combined heat and power system implements an energy supply scheduling mode. To address the power gap; when the fuel cell is operating, the first ports of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are closed, and the waste heat is exchanged with the building's water system through a plate heat exchanger to supply hot water and cool the fuel cell.

3. The method for dynamic energy scheduling of a grid-connected hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining whether to charge the battery based on its state of charge; including: Real-time calculation of the battery's state of charge (SOC); when the SOC is less than the scheduling threshold... hour, It is primarily used for charging the battery; battery charging power. ; When SOC is greater than or equal to the scheduling threshold At that time, based on the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank Determine whether to start hydrogen production.

4. The energy dynamic scheduling method for a grid-connected hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank Determining whether to initiate hydrogen production includes: When the hydrogen storage tank pressure Greater than or equal to the upper limit of the safe pressure threshold of the hydrogen storage tank The surplus photovoltaic power will be fed into the grid, and the grid-connected power will be [missing information]. ; When the hydrogen storage tank pressure Less than the upper limit of the safe pressure threshold of the hydrogen storage tank Determine surplus power Relationship with the operating threshold of the electrolytic cell: when At this time, the electrolytic cell is in a shutdown state, and the surplus photovoltaic power is fed into the grid, with the grid-connected power being [amount missing]. ;in, This represents the minimum start-up power for hydrogen production in an electrolyzer. To support system power; when The electrolytic cell absorbs all the surplus photovoltaic power; among which, This represents the maximum operating power for hydrogen production in the electrolyzer. when The electrolytic cell operates at maximum power. The system operates and integrates unabsorbed power into the grid, with grid-connected power... .

5. The method for dynamic energy scheduling of a grid-connected hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps to determine whether to start fuel cell power generation include: When the hydrogen storage tank pressure Less than or equal to its lower safety pressure threshold The combined heat and power system will not start the fuel cell; furthermore, if the battery has remaining energy and the SOC is greater than or equal to the lower limit of the safety threshold, but Then use the storage battery to discharge. This is the maximum permissible output power of the battery; the battery is... It outputs electrical energy to external sources, supplementing any shortfall with electricity drawn from the power grid. When the remaining battery power is depleted and the State of Charge (SOC) is below the lower limit of the safety threshold, power is drawn from the grid to fill the photovoltaic power gap. ;in, This represents the real-time power input from the grid interface.

6. The method for dynamic energy scheduling of a grid-connected hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: When the hydrogen storage tank pressure Within the normal range, that is The combined heat and power (CHP) system allows fuel cells to participate; when the battery SOC is less than the upper limit of the SOC safety threshold, or when the battery SOC is equal to the upper limit of the SOC safety threshold and When the fuel cell starts generating electricity, the output power of the fuel cell is determined based on a fuzzy control strategy.

7. The method for dynamic energy scheduling of a grid-connected hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 6, characterized in that, Determining the output power of a fuel cell based on a fuzzy control strategy; including: The input to the fuzzy control strategy is the difference between the real-time battery SOC, the power deficit, and the lower limit of the optimal operating range of the fuel cell. Real-time battery SOC and Convert the data into fuzzy sets, map them to multiple fuzzy subsets using membership functions, and derive the output power ratio coefficient based on fuzzy inference rules. ; The output power of the fuel cell is determined by the output proportional coefficient. The adjusted power value is expressed as: ； In the formula, For the output power of the fuel cell, and These represent the upper and lower limits of the optimal operating range for fuel cells, respectively.

8. A grid-connected hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration system energy dynamic scheduling system, executing the cogeneration system energy dynamic scheduling method as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The system includes: The mode judgment module is used to detect the difference between the output power of photovoltaic power generation and the power demand of household load in the combined heat and power system in real time. If the difference is positive, it indicates a photovoltaic power surplus, and the combined heat and power system enters the energy storage scheduling mode. If the difference is negative, it indicates a photovoltaic power deficit, and the combined heat and power system enters the energy supply scheduling mode. An energy storage scheduling module is used to determine whether to charge the battery based on its state of charge and whether to start hydrogen production based on the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank in the energy storage scheduling mode. In the energy storage scheduling mode, the grid connection mode is determined based on the photovoltaic power surplus and the electrolyzer power threshold. The power supply scheduling module is used to determine whether to start fuel cell power generation based on the hydrogen storage tank pressure, battery state of charge, and the difference between the maximum allowable output power of the battery and the photovoltaic power gap in the power supply scheduling mode; wherein, in the power supply scheduling mode, a fuzzy control strategy is invoked to determine the output power of the fuel cell.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the computer program is loaded into the processor, it implements the dynamic energy scheduling method for a combined heat and power system according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the dynamic energy scheduling method for a combined heat and power system according to any one of claims 1-7.

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