An adaptive EMS closed-loop control method

Abstract

This invention discloses an adaptive EMS closed-loop control method, comprising: periodically acquiring a set grid power and an actual grid power, and calculating the error power, error power change value, and cumulative error power value for the current period based on the set grid power and actual grid power for the current period; determining the system's operating state based on the error power and error power change value for the current period; if the determination result indicates that the system needs to adjust towards the set grid power, then, based at least on the error power and cumulative error power value for the current period, employing a first adjustment strategy to adjust the target power for the current period; if the determination result indicates that the inverter's actual output capability is limited, then, based at least on the difference between the target power and the inverter's actual output capability for the previous period, employing a second adjustment strategy to adjust the target power for the current period; and outputting the target power for the current period to the inverter based on the adjustment result. This invention can effectively avoid system oscillations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage system technology, and in particular to an adaptive EMS closed-loop control method. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage system design generally follows the principle of decoupling design and is typically divided into BMS (Battery Management System), PCS (Power Conversion System, Inverter), and EMS (Energy Management System). Among them, BMS is responsible for battery-related SOP (State of Power) processing, SOC (State of Charge) calculation, and safety protection; PCS executes corresponding outputs based on the target power of EMS and the state of BMS; EMS is a logic-related processing integration, communication integration, and calculates the system's target power.

[0003] In existing technologies, the adjustment time of the EMS to calculate the target power is usually determined based on the adjustment time of the inverter. The adjustment time of the inverter usually refers to the time required for its output power to change from the maximum charging power to the maximum discharging power (or vice versa). However, when the EMS is connected to inverters with different adjustment rates, it may happen that the inverter has not completed the adjustment while the EMS has already issued a new target power. In this case, it is difficult to keep the adjustment stable and it is prone to oscillation.

[0004] The above background information is provided only to aid in understanding the concept and technical solution of this invention. It does not necessarily belong to the prior art of this patent application. In the absence of clear evidence that the above information was disclosed on the filing date of this patent application, the above background information should not be used to evaluate the novelty and inventiveness of this application. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this invention proposes an adaptive EMS closed-loop control method. This method can adaptively determine the system operating status and intelligently switch control strategies without relying on the adjustment parameters of specific PCS devices, thereby effectively avoiding system oscillations, achieving rapid, stable, and accurate tracking of the grid power setpoint, and improving the compatibility and stability of the energy storage system in different application scenarios.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses an adaptive EMS closed-loop control method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1: Periodically acquire the set grid power and the actual grid power, and calculate the difference between the set grid power and the actual grid power in the current period as the error power, calculate the difference between the error power in the current period and the error power in the previous period as the error power change value in the current period, and calculate the sum of the error power in the current period and the cumulative error power in the previous period as the cumulative error power value in the current period.

[0009] S2: Determine the operating status of the system based on the error power and the change value of the error power in the current period;

[0010] S3: If the determination result is that the system needs to adjust the power of the set grid, then at least based on the error power of the current cycle and the cumulative value of the error power, the first adjustment strategy is adopted to adjust the target power of the current cycle; if the determination result is that the actual output capacity of the inverter is limited, then at least based on the difference between the target power of the previous cycle and the actual output capacity of the inverter, the second adjustment strategy is adopted to adjust the target power of the current cycle.

[0011] S4: Output the target power for the current cycle to the inverter based on the adjustment results.

[0012] Preferably, S2 includes:

[0013] S21: Determine whether the absolute value of the error power in the current cycle is less than or equal to the first preset threshold. If yes, determine that the system needs to adjust towards the set grid power. If no, proceed to step S22.

[0014] S22: Determine whether the absolute value of the error power change value in the current cycle is less than or equal to the second preset threshold. If yes, determine that the actual output capacity of the inverter is limited; if no, determine that the system needs to adjust the power of the set grid.

[0015] Preferably, the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are 3% to 8% of the system's rated power, respectively.

[0016] Preferably, in S3, adjusting the target power of the current period using a first adjustment strategy based at least on the error power of the current period and the cumulative value of the error power specifically includes:

[0017] The target power for the current period is adjusted based on the product of the proportional adjustment coefficient and the error power of the current period, and the product of the first integral adjustment coefficient and the cumulative error power of the current period.

[0018] Preferably, when adjusting the target power of the current period based on the product of the proportional adjustment coefficient and the error power of the current period, and the product of the first integral adjustment coefficient and the cumulative value of the error power of the current period, the proportional adjustment coefficient is greater than the first integral adjustment coefficient when the absolute value of the error power of the current period is greater than the first preset threshold; and the proportional adjustment coefficient is less than the first integral adjustment coefficient when the absolute value of the error power of the current period is less than or equal to the first preset threshold.

[0019] Preferably, when the absolute value of the error power in the current period is greater than the first preset threshold, the proportional adjustment coefficient ranges from [0.85, 1.05] and the first integral adjustment coefficient ranges from [0, 0.1]; when the absolute value of the error power in the current period is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, the proportional adjustment coefficient ranges from [0, 0.1] and the first integral adjustment coefficient ranges from (0, 0.2).

[0020] Preferably, in S3, the second adjustment strategy is used to adjust the target power of the current cycle based at least on the difference between the target power of the previous cycle and the actual output capability of the inverter. Specifically, this includes:

[0021] The target power for the current cycle is adjusted based on the product of the proportional adjustment coefficient and the error power of the current cycle, the product of the first integral adjustment coefficient and the cumulative value of the error power of the current cycle, and the product of the second integral adjustment coefficient and the difference between the target power of the previous cycle and the actual output capability of the inverter. The proportional adjustment coefficient and the first integral adjustment coefficient are both less than the second integral adjustment coefficient.

[0022] Preferably, the value range of the second integral adjustment coefficient is [0.7, 0.8], and the value range of the proportional adjustment coefficient and the first integral adjustment coefficient is [0, 0.1].

[0023] Preferably, S4 includes: calculating the adjusted target power for the current period according to the following formula:

[0024] The target power for the current cycle = proportional adjustment coefficient * error power for the current cycle + first integral adjustment coefficient * cumulative error power for the current cycle - second integral adjustment coefficient * difference between the target power of the previous cycle and the actual output capability of the inverter + target power of the previous cycle.

[0025] And output the adjusted target power for the current cycle to the inverter;

[0026] In S3, if the judgment result is that the system needs to adjust the power of the set grid, the value of the second integral adjustment coefficient is 0. If the judgment result is that the actual output capacity of the equipment is limited, the values ​​of the proportional adjustment coefficient and the first integral adjustment coefficient are 0.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to be run by a processor to perform the adaptive EMS closed-loop control method described in the first aspect.

[0028] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: The adaptive EMS closed-loop control method provided by this invention periodically calculates the error power, the error power change value, and the cumulative error power value, and intelligently judges the current operating state of the system (whether it needs to be adjusted towards the set power or the inverter output capacity is limited) based on the two key parameters of error power and error power change value. According to different judgment results, the control strategy is dynamically switched or adjusted: when adjustment towards the set power is required, a PI control strategy based on the error power and its cumulative value is adopted to quickly track the set value; when the equipment output capacity is limited, an integral control strategy based at least on the difference between the target power and the actual output capacity of the inverter in the previous cycle is adopted to make the target power smoothly approach the actual capacity limit of the inverter. This dual-mode adaptive control mechanism based on state judgment enables the entire control system to automatically adapt to changes in external conditions (such as PCS performance differences, sudden changes in grid commands, load disturbances, etc.), rather than relying on preset fixed parameters. Therefore, this invention can significantly improve the adaptability, robustness and stability of the energy management system of the energy storage system, enabling it to seamlessly accommodate and stably control various PCS devices with different dynamic response characteristics, effectively avoiding system oscillation problems caused by device mismatch or changes in operating conditions, and reducing the complexity of system debugging and maintenance.

[0029] In a further embodiment, the present invention also has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) By setting first and second preset thresholds associated with the system's rated power, an adaptive and reasonable quantitative standard is provided for state judgment, which enhances the versatility of the method.

[0031] (2) By setting the coefficients to emphasize proportional regulation when the error power is large and integral regulation when the error power is small, the optimal regulation method can be adopted at different deviation stages, which ensures both rapid response and regulation accuracy and stability.

[0032] (3) By using a second integral adjustment coefficient that is significantly larger than other coefficients in the equipment capacity-limited mode, the target power can be effectively pulled back to the range that the equipment can actually output, and the oscillation can be quickly calmed.

[0033] (4) The algorithm simplifies the implementation and improves the execution efficiency by using a unified mathematical expression to cover the two control modes and by setting the coefficients of the unadjustable terms to zero.

[0034] Other beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the adaptive EMS closed-loop control method disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive EMS closed-loop control method applied to an energy storage system. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope and application of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component. Furthermore, a connection can be used for both fixing and circuit / signal connectivity.

[0039] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0040] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention discloses an adaptive EMS closed-loop control method, which enables the EMS system to stably regulate the energy storage system under various conditions, including the following steps:

[0042] S1: Periodically acquire the set grid power and the actual grid power, and calculate the difference between the set grid power and the actual grid power in the current period as the error power. Calculate the difference between the error power in the current period and the error power in the previous period as the error power change value in the current period. Calculate the sum of the error power in the current period and the cumulative error power in the previous period as the cumulative error power value in the current period.

[0043] This step may also include: calculating the difference between the target power and the actual output capability of the inverter in the previous cycle as the cumulative error value between the target power and the actual output capability of the inverter in the current cycle.

[0044] The period, for example, is 1 to 5 seconds. Within each period, after acquiring the set grid power and the actual grid power, the following are calculated: error power (err), error power change value (deltaerr), cumulative error power value (sum_err), and cumulative error between the target power and the inverter's actual output capacity (Device_sumerr).

[0045] Error power err for the current period = Set grid power for the current period - Actual grid power for the current period;

[0046] The change in error power in the current period is deltaerr = error power in the current period - error power in the previous period;

[0047] The cumulative error power value of the current period, sum_err, = the error power of the current period + the cumulative error power value of the previous period;

[0048] The cumulative error between the target power and the actual output capacity of the inverter in the current cycle is Device_sumerr = target power of the previous cycle - actual output capacity of the inverter.

[0049] The "actual output capability of the inverter" involved in this invention refers to the maximum power limit (SOP) that the inverter (PCS) can safely output within the current cycle, calculated and provided by the BMS (Battery Management System) based on the battery status (such as SOC, temperature, and SOH). This value is periodically uploaded from the PCS and BMS to the EMS via a preset communication protocol (such as CAN bus or Modbus).

[0050] S2: Determine the system's operating status based on the error power and error power change value of the current period;

[0051] This step S2 specifically includes:

[0052] S21: Determine whether the absolute value of the error power in the current cycle is less than or equal to the first preset threshold. If yes, determine that the system needs to adjust towards the set grid power. If no, proceed to step S22.

[0053] S22: Determine whether the absolute value of the error power change value in the current cycle is less than or equal to the second preset threshold. If yes, determine that the actual output capacity of the inverter is limited; if no, determine that the system needs to adjust the power of the set grid.

[0054] The first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are 3% to 8% of the system's rated power, respectively.

[0055] It should be noted that the above state judgment logic works effectively under most operating conditions. For special disturbances that occur within a very short period of time and simultaneously cause the error power and the error power change value to exceed the limits drastically (such as a sudden large drop in grid power), the system will preferentially enter the adjustment mode towards the set grid power. If the disturbance is actually a permanent limitation on the equipment's output capacity, the algorithm will quickly and accurately switch to the inverter's actual output capacity limitation adjustment mode in subsequent cycles (manifested as a large error power but a small change value), thereby ensuring the long-term stability of the system.

[0056] In one specific embodiment, both the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are set to 5%. When determining the system's operating status, the following four cases are specifically considered:

[0057] (1) Determine whether the current grid power of the system is close to the set grid power, that is, the error power is small (less than or equal to 5% of the rated power of the system) and the error power change value is also relatively small (less than or equal to 5% of the rated power of the system). This indicates that the set grid power is close to the actual grid power at this time, and the system needs to be adjusted towards the set grid power.

[0058] (2) When the set grid power is changed, or the system load is put on or off or the charging and discharging is switched, the error power increases (greater than 5% of the system rated power) and the error power change value also increases (greater than 5% of the system rated power). It is necessary to quickly adjust the actual output to the set value. Therefore, it is determined that the system needs to adjust towards the set grid power.

[0059] (3) When the error power is large (greater than 5% of the system rated power) but the error power change is small (less than or equal to 5% of the system rated power) during the adjustment process, it indicates that the equipment cannot follow the target power change and its output capability may be limited. At this time, it is judged that the actual output capability of the inverter is limited and the target needs to be adjusted to make it close to the output capability of the equipment (inverter).

[0060] (4) When the error power is small (less than or equal to 5% of the system rated power) and the error power change value is large (greater than 5% of the system rated power), it means that the actual output is just close to the set value. This also means that the system is just close to stabilization. It is judged that the system needs to adjust towards the set grid power.

[0061] For example, if the actual output capacity of the inverter is 1500kW, the operating status of the system can be determined by the error calculation values ​​in Table 1 below.

[0062] Table 1 Examples of System Operating Status Judgment (Unit: kW)

[0063] S3: If the judgment result is that the system needs to adjust the power of the set grid, then the first adjustment strategy is adopted to adjust the target power of the current cycle based at least on the error power and the cumulative error power value of the current cycle; if the judgment result is that the actual output capacity of the inverter is limited, then the second adjustment strategy is adopted to adjust the target power of the current cycle based at least on the difference between the target power of the previous cycle and the actual output capacity of the inverter, wherein the first adjustment strategy is different from the second adjustment strategy;

[0064] This step specifically includes:

[0065] S31: If the judgment result is that the system needs to adjust the power of the set grid, then the target power of the current period is adjusted according to the product of the proportional adjustment coefficient and the error power of the current period, and the product of the first integral adjustment coefficient and the cumulative error power of the current period.

[0066] Furthermore, when the absolute value of the error power in the current period is greater than the first preset threshold, the proportional adjustment coefficient is greater than the first integral adjustment coefficient; when the absolute value of the error power in the current period is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, the proportional adjustment coefficient is less than the first integral adjustment coefficient. Specifically, when the absolute value of the error power in the current period is greater than the first preset threshold, the value range of the proportional adjustment coefficient is [0.85, 1.05], and the value range of the first integral adjustment coefficient is [0, 0.1]; when the absolute value of the error power in the current period is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, the value range of the proportional adjustment coefficient is [0, 0.1], and the value range of the first integral adjustment coefficient is (0, 0.2).

[0067] In a specific embodiment, this step determines whether to perform fine-tuning or coarse-tuning based on the magnitude of the error power in the current cycle. Specifically, if the error power err in the current cycle is greater than 5% of the system's rated power, coarse-tuning is performed (e.g., proportional adjustment coefficient kp = 0.95, first integral adjustment coefficient ki = 0, second integral adjustment coefficient ki2 = 0), with proportional adjustment as the core and first integral adjustment as auxiliary; if the error power err in the current cycle is less than or equal to 5% of the system's rated power, fine-tuning is performed (e.g., proportional adjustment coefficient kp = 0.05, first integral adjustment coefficient ki = 0.1, second integral adjustment coefficient ki2 = 0), with first integral adjustment as the primary adjustment and proportional adjustment as auxiliary.

[0068] S32: If the judgment result is that the actual output capacity of the inverter is limited, the target power of the current cycle is adjusted according to the product of the proportional adjustment coefficient and the error power of the current cycle, the product of the first integral adjustment coefficient and the cumulative error power of the current cycle, and the product of the second integral adjustment coefficient and the difference between the target power of the previous cycle and the actual output capacity of the inverter. The proportional adjustment coefficient and the first integral adjustment coefficient are both less than the second integral adjustment coefficient.

[0069] Furthermore, the range of the second integral adjustment coefficient is [0.7, 0.8], and the range of the proportional adjustment coefficient and the first integral adjustment coefficient is [0, 0.1].

[0070] In a specific embodiment, when the judgment result is that the actual output capability of the inverter is limited, it indicates that the system adjustment state has deviated significantly from the expected state and needs to be adjusted in time. At this time, the first integral adjustment coefficient stops or accounts for a very small proportion, and the adjustment is mainly carried out by the second integral adjustment coefficient (for example, the proportional adjustment coefficient kp = 0, the first integral adjustment coefficient ki = 0, and the second integral adjustment coefficient ki2 = 0.75). At this time, the second integral adjustment is the main one, and the first integral adjustment and the proportional adjustment are auxiliary (that is, the proportional adjustment coefficient and the first integral adjustment coefficient can be 0 respectively).

[0071] S4: Outputs the dynamically adjusted target power to the inverter according to the regulation mode.

[0072] Step S4 includes: calculating the adjusted target power for the current cycle according to the following formula: Target power for the current cycle = proportional regulation coefficient * error power for the current cycle + first integral regulation coefficient * cumulative error power for the current cycle - second integral regulation coefficient * difference between the target power of the previous cycle and the actual output capacity of the inverter + target power of the previous cycle; and outputting the adjusted target power for the current cycle to the inverter; wherein, if the judgment result in S3 is that the system needs to adjust towards the set grid power, the value of the second integral regulation coefficient is 0; if the judgment result is that the actual output capacity of the equipment is limited, the values ​​of the proportional regulation coefficient and the first integral regulation coefficient are 0.

[0073] The specific formula is expressed as: Target = kp * err - ki2 * Device_sumerr + ki * sum_err + LastTarget, where Target is the target power for the current cycle, LastTarget is the target power for the previous cycle, err is the error power for the current cycle, deltaerr is the change in error power for the current cycle, sum_err is the cumulative error power for the current cycle, kp is the proportional adjustment coefficient, ki is the first integral adjustment coefficient, and ki2 is the second integral adjustment coefficient. Device_sumerr = target power for the previous cycle - actual inverter output capacity. The negative sign before the second integral adjustment coefficient ensures that, regardless of whether it's charging or discharging, if the target power exceeds the inverter's actual output capacity, the algorithm will automatically adjust the target power for the current cycle back towards the actual capacity value.

[0074] To prevent the cumulative error power value sum_err from accumulating indefinitely and causing integral saturation under operating conditions such as long-term limitation of the actual output capacity of the inverter, an integral limiting function can also be introduced in this embodiment of the invention: that is, an upper limit value sum_err_max and a lower limit value sum_err_min are set (for example, positive and negative 10 times the rated power of the system, respectively). When the calculated result of sum_err exceeds this range, it is clamped to the limiting value.

[0075] Combination Figure 2The grid outputs the actual grid power. The EMS periodically acquires the set grid power and the actual grid power, and performs regulation according to the aforementioned adaptive EMS closed-loop control method. Specifically, a dual-integral PII controller is used. Under normal circumstances, the actual grid power needs to be close to the set grid power, so P and I are used for regulation, and the proportional coefficient corresponding to PI is positive. When the error between the actual inverter output and the target power of the previous cycle (i.e., the given target value) is greater than a threshold, P and I are paused or reduced, and I2 is used for regulation. Specifically, at this time, the target power needs to be close to the actual output capacity of the inverter (i.e., the regulation is based on the error between the target power of the previous cycle and the actual output capacity of the inverter), so the corresponding proportional coefficient is negative. Since the error value between the actual inverter output and the target power of the previous cycle is affected by the target power of the previous cycle (the actual impact is small, but it still needs to be considered), an integral stage is used in this embodiment of the invention. After regulation, the target power is output to the PCS, and the PCS outputs the inverter output power, which, along with the load, hardware error, and environmental disturbance error, is input to the grid to form a closed-loop control of the energy storage system.

[0076] The adaptive EMS closed-loop control method disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention can identify whether the inverter is stable and make further adjustments based on whether it is stable. It is essentially equivalent to dynamic time, so it can be compatible with inverters with various adjustment rates and can adapt to low-speed adjustment of inverters under various conditions (for example, weak grids or special equipment do not allow rapid power changes and require slow adjustment of inverter power).

[0077] The application scenario of this invention is that after the EMS unit is connected to different energy storage systems, it can be paired with different PCS devices to stably regulate the corresponding energy storage systems. Existing energy storage system EMS design methods generally cannot be compatible with different PCS, or require different adjustment times for different inverter devices, greatly affecting the flexibility and simplicity of the EMS. The adaptive EMS closed-loop control method disclosed in the preferred embodiment of this invention eliminates the need for different adjustment times and achieves compatibility with various PCS.

[0078] Another preferred embodiment of the present invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to be run by a processor to perform the steps of the adaptive EMS closed-loop control method in the above preferred embodiment.

[0079] Optionally, the aforementioned computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, various media capable of storing computer programs, such as USB flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0080] The background section of this invention may include background information about the problems or circumstances surrounding the invention, rather than a description of prior art by others. Therefore, the content included in the background section is not an admission of prior art by the applicant.

[0081] The above description provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention in conjunction with specific / preferred embodiments, and it should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various substitutions or modifications can be made to these described embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such substitutions or modifications should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of this specification, the reference to terms such as "an embodiment," "some embodiments," "preferred embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicates that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without contradiction. Although the embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, and modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An adaptive EMS closed-loop control method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Periodically acquire the set grid power and the actual grid power, and calculate the difference between the set grid power and the actual grid power in the current period as the error power, calculate the difference between the error power in the current period and the error power in the previous period as the error power change value in the current period, and calculate the sum of the error power in the current period and the cumulative error power in the previous period as the cumulative error power value in the current period. S2: Determine the operating status of the system based on the error power and the change value of the error power in the current period; S3: If the determination result is that the system needs to adjust the power of the set grid, then at least based on the error power of the current cycle and the cumulative value of the error power, the first adjustment strategy is adopted to adjust the target power of the current cycle; if the determination result is that the actual output capacity of the inverter is limited, then at least based on the difference between the target power of the previous cycle and the actual output capacity of the inverter, the second adjustment strategy is adopted to adjust the target power of the current cycle. S4: Output the target power for the current cycle to the inverter based on the adjustment results; Step S2 specifically includes: S21: Determine whether the absolute value of the error power in the current cycle is less than or equal to the first preset threshold. If yes, determine that the system needs to adjust towards the set grid power. If no, proceed to step S22. S22: Determine whether the absolute value of the error power change value in the current cycle is less than or equal to the second preset threshold. If yes, determine that the actual output capacity of the inverter is limited; if no, determine that the system needs to adjust towards the set grid power. Step S3 specifically includes: S31: If the determination result is that the system needs to adjust the power of the set grid, then the target power of the current period is adjusted according to the product of the proportional adjustment coefficient and the error power of the current period, and the product of the first integral adjustment coefficient and the cumulative value of the error power of the current period; when the absolute value of the error power of the current period is greater than the first preset threshold, the proportional adjustment coefficient is greater than the first integral adjustment coefficient; when the absolute value of the error power of the current period is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, the proportional adjustment coefficient is less than the first integral adjustment coefficient. S32: If the determination result is that the actual output capability of the inverter is limited, the target power of the current cycle is adjusted according to the product of the proportional adjustment coefficient and the error power of the current cycle, the product of the first integral adjustment coefficient and the cumulative error power of the current cycle, and the product of the second integral adjustment coefficient and the difference between the target power of the previous cycle and the actual output capability of the inverter. The proportional adjustment coefficient and the first integral adjustment coefficient are both less than the second integral adjustment coefficient.

2. The adaptive EMS closed-loop control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are 3% to 8% of the system's rated power, respectively.

3. The adaptive EMS closed-loop control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the absolute value of the error power in the current period is greater than the first preset threshold, the value range of the proportional adjustment coefficient is [0.85, 1.05], and the value range of the first integral adjustment coefficient is [0, 0.1]. When the absolute value of the error power in the current period is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, the value range of the proportional adjustment coefficient is [0, 0.1], and the value range of the first integral adjustment coefficient is (0, 0.2).

4. The adaptive EMS closed-loop control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The value range of the second integral adjustment coefficient is [0.7, 0.8], and the value range of the proportional adjustment coefficient and the first integral adjustment coefficient is [0, 0.1].

5. The adaptive EMS closed-loop control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, S4 includes: The adjusted target power for the current cycle is calculated using the following formula: The target power for the current cycle = proportional adjustment coefficient * error power for the current cycle + first integral adjustment coefficient * cumulative error power for the current cycle - second integral adjustment coefficient * difference between the target power of the previous cycle and the actual output capability of the inverter + target power of the previous cycle. And output the adjusted target power for the current cycle to the inverter; In S3, if the judgment result is that the system needs to adjust the power of the set grid, the value of the second integral adjustment coefficient is 0. If the judgment result is that the actual output capacity of the equipment is limited, the values ​​of the proportional adjustment coefficient and the first integral adjustment coefficient are 0.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to be run by a processor to perform the adaptive EMS closed-loop control method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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