A relay protection secondary circuit pressboard voltage measurement training device

Abstract

The application provides a relay protection secondary circuit plunger voltage measurement training device, which comprises a portable training device body and a control circuit arranged in the training device body; the control circuit comprises a tripping circuit for simulating a tripping state and a closing circuit for simulating a closing state; in the simulation circuit, an intermediate relay is connected in series with an auxiliary contact of a reset button, two micro switches are connected in series at the upper and lower ends of the plunger respectively; the reset button and the micro switch connected in series at the upper end of the plunger are connected with one end of a change-over switch, the other end of the change-over switch is connected with a negative pole of a power supply through an intermediate relay coil, the intermediate relay and the micro switch connected in series at the lower end of the plunger are connected with a positive pole of the power supply. The application can realize portable training, and can help operation personnel to clearly master the plunger potential of the protection device of the circuit breaker under different conditions, and help to prevent the plunger misoperation and omission from the source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of relay protection training technology, specifically relating to a training device for measuring voltage of the secondary circuit pressure plate of a relay protection system. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for electricity and the growing power grid, new requirements have been placed on the safe operation of the power system and the application of relay protection and automatic safety devices. When a fault occurs in primary electrical equipment, relay protection devices, based on the fault type and protection function, quickly activate and trip the corresponding faulty equipment, thereby isolating the equipment from the system and reducing the impact of the fault on the stability of the power grid. Currently, the relay protection device circuit breakers in operating substations still require on-site operation, deactivation, maintenance, and testing by maintenance personnel. In past accident cases, due to limited technical and management capabilities, issues such as stuck tripping contacts of protection devices or relays failing to return, coupled with varying skill levels among maintenance personnel who were unable to identify different circuit breakers or whose potentials were not measured or were incorrectly measured, have led to incorrect or missed circuit breaker tripping. This has resulted in erroneous tripping of primary equipment, causing power load losses and incalculable damage to people's lives and property. This patent addresses the current lack of knowledge among operators regarding pressure plate voltage. Based on theoretical analysis, a training model for measuring the potential of protection panel pressure plates has been developed to train substation operation and maintenance personnel. This model enables them to understand the principles and verify them through practical testing, deepening their understanding and allowing them to operate with confidence in the future, thus preventing accidents from occurring.

[0003] The existing protection device pressure plate is located inside the operating cabinet. According to relevant operation and management regulations, it cannot be arbitrarily activated or deactivated, or its potential cannot be measured. The backup cabinet is outdated, and the device itself is bulky and difficult to move, making it impossible to carry out training work at any time and in a convenient manner. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a training device for measuring the voltage of the secondary circuit pressure plate of a relay protection system, so as to facilitate the training of substation personnel.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A training device for measuring voltage of a relay protection secondary circuit pressure plate includes: a portable training device body and a control circuit installed in the training device body;

[0007] The control circuit includes a tripping circuit for simulating the open state and a closing circuit for simulating the closed state;

[0008] Both the tripping circuit and the closing circuit include an intermediate relay, a pressure plate, a reset button, two micro switches, and a changeover switch;

[0009] The intermediate relay and the auxiliary contact of the reset button are connected in series, and two micro switches are connected in series at the top and bottom ends of the pressure plate, respectively.

[0010] The reset button and the micro switch connected in series at the top of the pressure plate are both connected to one end of the changeover switch. The other end of the changeover switch is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply through the intermediate relay coil. The intermediate relay and the micro switch connected in series at the bottom of the pressure plate are both connected to the positive terminal of the power supply.

[0011] The changeover switch is used to switch between tripping and closing circuits.

[0012] Furthermore, the control circuit also includes: trip indicator circuit, reclosing indicator circuit, open position indicator circuit, closed position indicator circuit, main protection circuit, distance protection circuit, zero sequence protection circuit, reclosing interlock circuit, and maintenance circuit.

[0013] Furthermore, the trip indicator circuit and the reclosing indicator circuit are controlled by intermediate relays in the analog circuit.

[0014] Furthermore, the open position indicator circuit and the closed position indicator circuit are controlled by a changeover switch.

[0015] Furthermore, the main protection circuit, distance protection circuit, zero-sequence protection circuit, interlocking reclosing circuit, and maintenance circuit are respectively connected in series by corresponding pressure plates and indicator lights.

[0016] Furthermore, in the tripping and closing circuits, intermediate relays and changeover switches are used to simulate switch opening and closing, while microswitches are used to simulate protection contacts.

[0017] Furthermore, when simulating the closing of the switch and the non-operation of the protection contacts, if the measured voltage at the upper end of the pressure plate is negative and the voltage at the lower end of the pressure plate is 0V, it is determined that the corresponding pressure plate can be engaged.

[0018] Furthermore, when simulating switch closing and protection contact operation, if the measured voltage at the upper end of the pressure plate is negative and the voltage at the lower end of the pressure plate is positive, it is determined that the corresponding pressure plate cannot be engaged.

[0019] Furthermore, when simulating the opening of the switch and the failure of the protection contact, if the voltage at the upper end of the pressure plate is positive and the voltage at the lower end is 0V, it is determined that the corresponding pressure plate can be engaged.

[0020] Furthermore, during the simulation of indirect outlet pressure plate measurement, if the measured voltage at the upper end of the pressure plate is negative and the measured voltage at the lower end is positive, it is determined that the corresponding pressure plate cannot be put into operation.

[0021] In summary, this invention provides a training device for measuring the voltage of the secondary circuit pressure plate of a relay protection system. The device includes a portable training unit and a control circuit within the unit. The control circuit includes a simulation circuit for simulating tripping and closing circuits. Each simulation circuit includes an intermediate relay, a pressure plate, a reset button, two microswitches, and a changeover switch. The intermediate relay and reset button are connected in series, and the two microswitches are connected in series at the upper and lower ends of the pressure plate, respectively. The reset button and the microswitches connected in series at the upper end of the pressure plate are both connected to one end of the changeover switch. The other end of the changeover switch is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply through the intermediate relay coil. The intermediate relay and the microswitches connected in series at the lower end of the pressure plate are both connected to the positive terminal of the power supply. This invention enables portable training and helps operators better understand the pressure plate potential of the circuit breaker under different conditions, thus helping to prevent accidental or missed activation / deactivation of the pressure plate. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A circuit diagram of the control circuit of the relay protection secondary circuit pressure plate voltage measurement training device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit breaker when it is closed and the protection contacts are not activated, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit breaker closing and the protection contacts operating according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit breaker tripping and the protection contacts not operating, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit breaker tripping and protection contact operation provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of indirect outlet pressure plate measurement provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0030] In existing technologies, similar substation protection switch activation / deactivation simulation training devices typically include an anti-misoperation unit, a switch controller, a switch status acquisition unit, and a computer key. The anti-misoperation host receives and stores data / information commands from the computer key and the switch controller. A logic processing program is embedded within the anti-misoperation host, capable of performing logical calculations and processing on the received data / information commands, and transmitting the processing status to the computer key. The switch status acquisition unit collects status information of the protection switches from the substation site and transmits this information to the switch controller, ensuring real-time synchronization between the switch controller and the substation's switch status. Training on the activation / deactivation simulation of the protection switches is conducted through the switch controller to improve the operational skills of maintenance personnel.

[0031] However, the existing protection device pressure plate is located inside the operating cabinet. According to relevant operation and management regulations, it cannot be arbitrarily activated or deactivated, or its potential cannot be measured. The backup cabinet is outdated, and the device itself is bulky and difficult to move, making it impossible to carry out training work at any time and in a convenient manner.

[0032] Based on this, the purpose of this invention is to develop a training device for measuring pressure plates, enabling substation personnel to measure, analyze, and verify the potential values ​​of pressure plates under different operating conditions of circuit breakers and protection devices. This will deepen their understanding of the hard pressure plates on relay protection devices, and in future actual operation and maintenance, they will know how to perform safe maintenance when the pressure plate voltage value is abnormal, and take the correct follow-up measures to avoid circuit breaker tripping or closing due to human error in accidentally engaging the pressure plate, thereby improving the reliability of power grid safe operation.

[0033] The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of a relay protection secondary circuit pressure plate voltage measurement training device according to the present invention.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 This embodiment provides a training device for measuring voltage of a relay protection secondary circuit pressure plate, including: a portable training device body and a control circuit disposed in the training device body;

[0035] The control circuit includes a tripping circuit for simulating the open state and a closing circuit for simulating the closed state;

[0036] Both the tripping circuit and the closing circuit include an intermediate relay, a pressure plate, a reset button, two micro switches, and a changeover switch;

[0037] The intermediate relay is connected in series with the reset button, and two micro switches are connected in series at the top and bottom ends of the pressure plate, respectively.

[0038] The reset button and the micro switch connected in series at the top of the pressure plate are both connected to one end of the changeover switch. The other end of the changeover switch is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply through the intermediate relay coil. The intermediate relay and the micro switch connected in series at the bottom of the pressure plate are both connected to the positive terminal of the power supply.

[0039] Depend on Figure 1 As can be seen, the control circuit of this training device consists of intermediate relays 1ZJ and 2ZJ, pressure plates 1LP1 and 1LP2, a reset button FJ, micro switches K1-K5, and a DL changeover switch. The device's positive and negative 5V comes from the AC / DC conversion module. The control circuit has functions such as simulating switch open / close positions; simulating protection actions and circuit disconnection; self-holding of actions; trip / close indicator lights; and reset. This device allows maintenance personnel to simulate the activation of protection functions, changes at any point in the control circuit, or the action of protection devices by operating micro switches. They can then measure and summarize the patterns of the pressure plate potential, understanding the role of the pressure plate in the operating circuit. They can understand the fault potential of the pressure plate under different circuit breaker states or when the operating circuit is disconnected, and determine the normality of the control circuit and the next steps based on the different pressure plate positions, preventing the circuit breaker from tripping incorrectly due to incorrect pressure plate activation.

[0040] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 2-6 The principles for the engagement and disengagement of the pressure plate under different circumstances are explained.

[0041] Direct outlet pressure plate measurement requires analysis based on factors such as the switch position (open / closed) and whether the protective contacts have activated. For example... Figure 2 As indicated by the indicator, when the switch is in the closed position and the protection contacts do not operate, the auxiliary contact DL closes. Since the resistance of the trip coil TQ is much smaller than the resistance of the closing relay HWJ, measuring the voltage at the upper end 1 of the trip output pressure plate is approximately the same as measuring the negative terminal voltage. At this time, the voltage at the upper end 1 of the pressure plate measured by the multimeter is negative, and the voltage at the lower end 2 of the pressure plate is 0V. At this time, this output pressure plate can be engaged.

[0042] like Figure 3 As indicated by the indicator, when the switch is in the closed position, after the protection contact TJ operates, the voltage at the upper end 1 of the trip output pressure plate measured by the multimeter is negative, and the voltage at the lower end 2 of the pressure plate is positive. At this time, since the protection has already operated, it is recorded that there are opposite polarity voltages to ground at both ends of the output pressure plate, and this trip output pressure plate cannot be engaged.

[0043] like Figure 4 As indicated by the indicator, when the switch is in the open position and the protection contact has not been activated, the auxiliary contact DL of the switch is disconnected. The voltage 1 at the upper end of the pressure plate is positive when measured with a multimeter, and the voltage 2 at the lower end is 0V. At this time, there is no voltage of opposite polarity at the two ends, which meets the requirements of the procedure and this outlet pressure plate can be put into operation.

[0044] like Figure 5 As shown, when the switch is in the open position and the protection contact is activated, the auxiliary contact DL of the switch is disconnected, but the protection contact TJ is already connected. Therefore, the voltage 1 at the upper end of the pressure plate is positive and the voltage 2 at the lower end is also positive when measured with a multimeter. Although there is no voltage of opposite polarity between the two ends of the outlet pressure plate and ground, it can be seen from the figure below that the pressure plate cannot be engaged at this time. Therefore, the criterion of no voltage of opposite polarity needs more detailed voltage values ​​for judgment.

[0045] For indirect outlet pressure plate measurement, such as Figure 6 As shown, when the protection contact TJ does not operate, a multimeter measurement shows that the voltage at the upper end of the pressure plate is negative (value 1), and the voltage at the lower end (value 2) is 0V. At this time, there are opposite polarity voltages between the two ends of the outlet pressure plate and ground, therefore this trip outlet pressure plate cannot be activated. After the protection contact TJ operates, the voltage at the upper end of the pressure plate (value 1) is negative, and the voltage at the lower end (value 2) is positive. Again, there are opposite polarity voltages between the two ends of the outlet pressure plate and ground, therefore this trip outlet pressure plate cannot be activated.

[0046] The lack of universal principles in pressure plate measurement makes it impossible to standardize the relevant pressure plate measurement procedures. Based on an analysis of the measured voltage values ​​and actual conditions of four different pressure plates—direct-outlet pressure plates, indirect-outlet pressure plates, high-voltage function pressure plates, and low-voltage function pressure plates—we summarize principles for making judgments before pressure plate activation / deactivation to avoid misoperation. Tables 1-3 below show the activation / deactivation principles for direct-trip outlet pressure plate measurement, indirect-trip outlet pressure plate measurement, and rigid pressure plate measurement, as detailed below:

[0047] Table 1 Measurement of Direct Trip Output Pressure Plate

[0048]

[0049] Table 2 Measurement of Indirect Trip Output Pressure Plate

[0050] 0V negative value no yes 0V 0V no no Right now negative value yes no Right now 0V no no

[0051] Table 3 Measurement of Hard Pressure Plates

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] Using training equipment on-site to simulate various scenarios allows for convenient and quick verification of the accuracy of the above tables. Maintenance personnel gain a theoretical understanding of the correctness of the pressure plate's activation and deactivation. This combination of theory and practice is easy to understand and accept.

[0055] The advantage of the relay protection secondary circuit pressure plate voltage measurement training device provided by this invention is that, compared with computer logic judgment, this device presents the pressure plate potential very intuitively, which is the same as the actual operation scenario. Operators have a clearer and more thorough understanding of the pressure plate potential of the circuit breaker protection device under different conditions, and have a better understanding of the principle. In actual operation, they have a fundamental and correct understanding of whether the pressure plate can be engaged or disengaged, and whether the pressure plate is in an abnormal state, instead of relying on computer logic judgment. This helps to prevent the occurrence of incorrect or missed engagement or disengagement of the pressure plate from the source, ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the substation, the safe operation of the power grid, and the reliability of power supply, and has significant safety and social benefits.

[0056] In addition, based on the influence of the operating circuit inside the protection device on the platen potential, the present invention simplifies the operating circuit inside the device and eliminates the external circuit breaker internal mechanism circuit, greatly optimizing the size of the device. Trainers can use the developed device to train operation and maintenance personnel simply and efficiently, improving efficiency, and focusing on cultivating and improving the operation and maintenance personnel's ability to judge the platen potential measurement results inside the protection panel.

[0057] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A training device for measuring voltage of a relay protection secondary circuit pressure plate, characterized in that, include: A portable training device body and a control circuit disposed in the training device body; The control circuit includes a tripping circuit for simulating the open state and a closing circuit for simulating the closed state. Both the tripping circuit and the closing circuit include an intermediate relay, a pressure plate, a reset button, two micro switches and a changeover switch; The intermediate relay is connected in series with the auxiliary contact of the reset button, and the two micro switches are connected in series at the upper and lower ends of the pressure plate, respectively. The reset button and the micro switch connected in series on the upper end of the pressure plate are both connected to one end of the changeover switch. The other end of the changeover switch is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply through the intermediate relay coil. The intermediate relay and the micro switch connected in series on the lower end of the pressure plate are both connected to the positive terminal of the power supply. The changeover switch is used to switch between the trip circuit and the closing circuit; In the tripping circuit and the closing circuit, the intermediate relay and the changeover switch are used to simulate switch opening and closing, and the micro switch is used to simulate protection contacts. When simulating the closing of the switch and the non-operation of the protection contacts, if the voltage at the upper end of the pressure plate is negative and the voltage at the lower end of the pressure plate is 0V, it is determined that the corresponding pressure plate can be engaged. When simulating switch closing and protection contact operation, if the measured voltage at the upper end of the pressure plate is negative and the voltage at the lower end of the pressure plate is positive, it is determined that the corresponding pressure plate cannot be engaged. When simulating the opening of the switch and the failure of the protection contact, if the voltage at the upper end of the pressure plate is positive and the voltage at the lower end is 0V, it is determined that the corresponding pressure plate can be engaged. When simulating the measurement of the indirect outlet pressure plate, if the measured voltage at the upper end of the pressure plate is negative and the measured voltage at the lower end is positive, it is determined that the corresponding pressure plate cannot be put into operation.

2. The relay protection secondary circuit pressure plate voltage measurement training device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control circuit also includes: trip indicator circuit, reclosing indicator circuit, open position indicator circuit, closed position indicator circuit, main protection circuit, distance protection circuit, zero sequence protection circuit, reclosing interlock circuit, and maintenance circuit.

3. The relay protection secondary circuit pressure plate voltage measurement training device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The trip indicator circuit and the reclosing indicator circuit are controlled by intermediate relays in the trip circuit and the reclosing circuit, respectively.

4. The relay protection secondary circuit pressure plate voltage measurement training device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The separate indicator light circuit and the combined indicator light circuit are controlled by the changeover switch.

5. The relay protection secondary circuit pressure plate voltage measurement training device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main protection circuit, distance protection circuit, zero-sequence protection circuit, interlocking reclosing circuit, and maintenance circuit are respectively connected in series by corresponding pressure plates and indicator lights.

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