Electric spindle and numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The invention provides an electric spindle and a numerical control machine tool, the electric spindle comprises an oil cylinder cover body and a piston, at least part of the structure of the piston is located on the periphery of at least part of the structure of the oil cylinder cover body, a first flow channel is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the oil cylinder cover body, and a second flow channel is further arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the piston; a first communicating groove is further formed in the outer wall of the oil cylinder cover body, the first runner communicates with the outer wall of the oil cylinder cover body through the first communicating groove, a second communicating groove is further formed in the inner wall of the piston, and the second runner communicates with the inner wall of the piston through the second communicating groove. And the piston moves until the first communicating groove and the second communicating groove are relatively communicated, so that the first flow channel and the second flow channel are communicated. According to the electric spindle, the problem that in the prior art, cleaning gas in the taper hole of the electric spindle enters the rotary joint, the attached ceramic wafer is blown open, and the reliability of the rotary joint is reduced can be solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric spindles, in particular to an electric spindle and a numerical control machine tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] The machining center machine tool usually has an automatic tool changing function during machining of a part to meet the needs of multi-process machining of a workpiece, and the spindle adding a taper hole cleaning function can reduce the risk of iron filings and impurities polluting the mating surface of the spindle and the tool shank. There are mainly two technical routes for the spindle to realize the taper hole cleaning function, one is to increase the shuttle valve through the rotary joint and the pull rod to share the flow channel with the center water outlet function, and the other is to use the oil cylinder to make the flow channel communicate and separate from the center water outlet flow channel.

[0003] The taper hole cleaning structure of the existing electric spindle product is to use the oil cylinder to make the flow channel communicate and separate from the center water outlet flow channel. When the spindle is tooling, the piston of the oil cylinder moves forward and contacts the inductive disc to make the taper hole cleaning flow channel communicate, that is, the cleaning gas delivered by the oil cylinder cover flows into the inductive disc, passes through the gap between the shaft core and the elastic element, and then enters the pull rod sleeve through the gap between the shaft core and the pull rod. A plurality of gas passing holes and a gas passing groove are formed on the pull rod sleeve, and sealing rings are designed at both ends of the gas passing groove to prevent the leakage of cleaning gas in the gas passing groove. The gas passing groove can make the cleaning gas pass through a plurality of gas supply flow channels composed of an end face flow channel, a taper hole flow channel and an inclined channel to the spindle tool shank installation position to clean the shaft core end face and the taper hole.

[0004] However, this spindle taper hole cleaning scheme has the risk of affecting the reliability of the rotary joint. When the spindle is tooling, the piston, the inductive disc and the rotary joint form a relatively closed space, and the cleaning gas will flow to the rotary joint. The cleaning gas in the rotary joint will blow the ceramic piece away, resulting in a small amount of leakage of the rotary joint when the center water outlet is just turned on, Due to the technical problems of the existing electric spindle that the taper hole cleaning gas flows to the rotary joint inlet and blows away the ceramic piece, resulting in reduced reliability of the rotary joint, the present application researches and designs an electric spindle and a numerical control machine tool. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the defects of the existing electric spindle that the taper hole cleaning gas flows to the rotary joint inlet and blows away the ceramic piece, resulting in reduced reliability of the rotary joint, so as to provide an electric spindle and a numerical control machine tool.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides an electric spindle, which comprises: The cylinder head and piston are provided. At least a portion of the piston is located on the outer periphery of at least a portion of the cylinder head. A first flow channel is provided between the inner and outer walls of the cylinder head. A second flow channel is also provided between the inner and outer walls of the piston. A first connecting groove is also provided on the outer wall of the cylinder head, connecting the first flow channel to the outer wall of the cylinder head. A second connecting groove is also provided on the inner wall of the piston, connecting the second flow channel to the inner wall of the piston. When a cleaning mode is executed, the piston moves to such that the first connecting groove and the second connecting groove are relatively connected, thereby connecting the first flow channel and the second flow channel.

[0007] In some implementations... The minimum distance between the first flow channel and the inner wall of the cylinder head is greater than 0, the minimum distance between the first flow channel and the outer wall of the cylinder head is greater than 0, the minimum distance between the second flow channel and the inner wall of the piston is greater than 0, and the minimum distance between the second flow channel and the outer wall of the piston is greater than 0; and / or, The first flow channel extends in a direction parallel to the axis of the cylinder head, and the second flow channel extends in a direction parallel to the axis of the piston, with the extension direction of the first flow channel being parallel to the extension direction of the second flow channel; the extension direction of the first connecting groove is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first flow channel, and the extension direction of the first connecting groove extends in the radial direction of the cylinder head, the extension direction of the second connecting groove is perpendicular to the extension direction of the second flow channel, and the extension direction of the second connecting groove extends in the radial direction of the piston, with the extension direction of the first connecting groove being parallel to the extension direction of the second connecting groove.

[0008] In some implementations... A first sealing ring is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder head. Along the axial direction of the cylinder head, the first sealing ring is located between the first connecting groove and the axial end face of the cylinder head. When the cleaning mode is not executed, the movement of the piston causes the first sealing ring to be located on the side of the first connecting groove away from the second connecting groove, that is, the first connecting groove is located between the second connecting groove and the first sealing ring; and / or, A second sealing ring is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the piston in contact with the cylinder head. Along the axial direction of the piston, the second sealing ring is located on the side of the second connecting groove away from the second flow channel. The distance between the second sealing ring and the second connecting groove is greater than 0. When the cleaning mode is executed or not, the distance between the second sealing ring and the first connecting groove is greater than 0.

[0009] In some implementations... The cylinder head is also provided with a third flow channel and an air inlet. The air inlet can introduce gas from the outside of the cylinder head. One end of the third flow channel is connected to the air inlet. The third flow channel is also connected to one end of the first flow channel to provide gas to the first flow channel. The other end of the first flow channel is provided with a sealing structure. The first connecting groove is connected to the position between one end and the other end of the first flow channel.

[0010] In some implementations... The air intake hole extends along the radial direction of the cylinder head, and the extension direction of the third flow channel has an angle of inclination between (0° and 90°) with the axial direction of the cylinder head.

[0011] In some implementations... It also includes a rotary joint, at least a portion of which is inserted into the inner cavity of the cylinder head body, and the first flow channel is not in communication with the inner cavity of the cylinder head body. A third sealing ring and a fourth sealing ring are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the rotary joint. The other end of the third flow channel is located on the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder head and is opposite to the outer peripheral wall of the rotary joint. Along the axial direction of the rotary joint, the third sealing ring is located on one axial side of the other end of the third flow channel, and the fourth sealing ring is located on one axial side of the other end of the third flow channel, so that the other end of the third flow channel is located between the third sealing ring and the fourth sealing ring.

[0012] In some implementations... It also includes a hydraulic cylinder, wherein a hydraulic cylinder cover is provided to cover the hydraulic cylinder, and a receiving cavity is formed between the inner periphery of at least a portion of the structure of the hydraulic cylinder and the outer periphery of at least a portion of the structure of the hydraulic cylinder cover, and at least a portion of the structure of the piston is disposed in the receiving cavity; The cylinder is provided with a receiving groove at a position axially opposite to at least a portion of the piston structure, and at least a portion of the piston structure can be inserted into the receiving groove. Both the cylinder and the cylinder cover are fixed structures, and the piston can move axially along its axis.

[0013] In some implementations... It also includes a sensing disk, which is disposed at one axial end of the hydraulic cylinder. At least a portion of the structure of the sensing disk is opposite to the piston in the axial direction. The sensing disk is provided with a fourth flow channel and a fifth flow channel. When the cleaning mode is executed, the piston moves such that the fourth flow channel is opposite to and communicates with the second flow channel in the axial direction. The fifth flow channel is located inside the sensing disk and communicates with the fourth flow channel.

[0014] In some implementations... The fourth flow channel is an annular flow channel extending along the axial direction of the induction disk. The fifth flow channel includes a fifth flow channel one extending along the radial direction of the induction disk and a fifth flow channel two extending along the axial direction of the induction disk. The fourth flow channel, the fifth flow channel one, and the fifth flow channel two are connected in sequence.

[0015] In some implementations... It also includes a pull rod. When it also includes a rotary joint, a portion of the pull rod is inserted into the inner cavity of the rotary joint, and a portion of the pull rod is inserted into the inner hole of the induction disk. The portion of the pull rod is located on the axial side of the induction disk away from the rotary joint. A sixth flow channel is provided inside the pull rod, and the sixth flow channel is opposite to and communicates with the fifth flow channel on the induction disk.

[0016] In some implementations... It also includes a shaft core and an elastic element, at least a portion of the structure of the shaft core is located on the outer periphery of at least a portion of the structure of the pull rod, and the elastic element is also sleeved on the outer periphery of a portion of the shaft segment of the pull rod, the shaft core is located on the outer periphery of the elastic element, and one end of the sixth flow channel extends to communicate with the elastic element.

[0017] The present invention also provides a CNC machine tool, which includes the aforementioned electric spindle.

[0018] The electric spindle and CNC machine tool provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention, through a structure consisting of a first flow channel between the inner and outer walls of the cylinder head and a first connecting groove on the outer wall of the cylinder head that connects the first flow channel to the outer periphery of the cylinder head, can guide the cleaning gas in the first flow channel to the outer periphery of the cylinder head. Furthermore, through a structure consisting of a second flow channel and a second connecting groove on the piston located on the outer periphery of the cylinder head, the second connecting groove can be aligned with and connected to the first connecting groove during cleaning mode by the movement of the piston. Simultaneously, the second connecting groove is connected to the second flow channel, thereby effectively guiding the cleaning gas in the first flow channel on the cylinder head to the second flow channel between the inner and outer walls of the piston. This effectively prevents the cleaning fluid on the cylinder head from directly entering the inner periphery of the cylinder head, thus avoiding gas flow to the rotary joint and blowing away the ceramic plates, causing leakage in the rotary joint. This effectively improves the reliability of the rotary joint and solves the problem in the prior art where cleaning gas from the conical bore of the electric spindle enters the rotary joint, blowing away the mating ceramic plates and reducing the reliability of the rotary joint.

[0019] 2. The present invention further utilizes a first sealing ring provided on the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder head body to effectively seal the first connecting groove between the cylinder head body and the inner cavity of the cylinder head body, thereby preventing gas from entering the inner cavity of the cylinder head body and the rotary joint. This further improves the leak-proof capability and reliability of the rotary joint. Furthermore, the present invention utilizes a second sealing ring provided on the inner peripheral wall of the piston, requiring that the first connecting groove on the cylinder head body maintain a distance greater than zero from the second sealing groove during piston movement. This effectively prevents the first connecting groove from contacting the second sealing ring (piston U-ring) and causing sealing failure, further improving the sealing effect on the first flow channel and the first connecting groove, further improving the leak-proof capability and reliability of the rotary joint.

[0020] 3. The present invention provides third and fourth sealing rings respectively on the outer peripheral wall of the rotary joint at the other end of the third flow channel on both axial sides. This can effectively seal both ends of the rotary joint and the other end of the third flow channel, further preventing airflow from entering the rotary joint and breaking the ceramic plate, further improving the water-proof capability of the rotary joint, and further improving the reliability of the rotary joint. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic longitudinal section of the electric spindle of the present invention when it is not being cleaned (not being cleaned); Figure 2 This is a schematic longitudinal section of the electric spindle of the present invention during tool cleaning; Figure 3 yes Figures 1-2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the cylinder head body in the middle; Figure 4 yes Figures 1-2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the piston in the image; Figure 5 yes Figures 1-2 Top view of the sensor disk in the middle; Figure 6 yes Figures 1-2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the tie rod in the diagram.

[0022] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows: 1. Rotary joint; 2. Cylinder cover; 2-1. Air inlet; 2-2. Third flow channel; 2-3. First flow channel; 2-4. First connecting groove; 3. Piston; 3-1. Second connecting groove; 3-2. Second flow channel; 4. Cylinder; 5. Pipeline disc; 6. Return spring; 7. Cutting tool ring; 8. Rear end cap of shaft; 9. Elastic element; 10. Shaft; 11. Pull rod; 11-1. Sixth flow channel; 11-2. Notched flow channel; 12. Induction disc; 12-1. Fifth flow channel; 12-2. Fourth flow channel; 13. Third sealing ring; 14. Fourth sealing ring; 15. First sealing ring; 16. Receiving cavity; 17. Second sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0025] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0027] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0028] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0029] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides an electric spindle, which includes: The cylinder head 2 and piston 3 are provided. At least a portion of the piston 3 is located on the outer periphery of at least a portion of the structure of the cylinder head 2. A first flow channel 2-3 is provided between the inner and outer walls of the cylinder head 2. A second flow channel 3-2 is also provided between the inner and outer walls of the piston 3. A first connecting groove 2-4 is also provided on the outer wall of the cylinder head 2, which connects the first flow channel 2-3 to the outer wall of the cylinder head 2. A second connecting groove 3-1 is also provided on the inner wall of the piston 3, which connects the second flow channel 3-2 to the inner wall of the piston 3. When the cleaning mode is executed, the piston 3 moves to such that the first connecting groove 2-4 and the second connecting groove 3-1 are relatively connected, so that the first flow channel 2-3 and the second flow channel 3-2 are connected.

[0030] This invention, through the aforementioned structure of a first flow channel formed between the inner and outer walls of the cylinder head and a first connecting groove formed on the outer wall of the cylinder head to connect the first flow channel with the outer wall of the cylinder head, can guide the cleaning gas in the first flow channel to the outer periphery of the cylinder head. Furthermore, through the structure of a second flow channel and a second connecting groove formed on the piston located on the outer periphery of the cylinder head, the second connecting groove can be aligned with and connected to the first connecting groove during the cleaning mode by the movement of the piston. Simultaneously, the second connecting groove is connected to the second flow channel, thereby effectively guiding the cleaning gas in the first flow channel on the cylinder head to the second flow channel between the inner and outer walls of the piston. This effectively prevents the cleaning fluid on the cylinder head from directly entering the inner periphery of the cylinder head, thus avoiding gas flow towards the rotary joint and blowing away the ceramic plates, causing leakage in the rotary joint. This effectively improves the reliability of the rotary joint and solves the problem in the prior art where cleaning gas from the conical bore of the electric spindle enters the rotary joint, blowing away the mating ceramic plates and reducing the reliability of the rotary joint.

[0031] This invention provides a spindle taper hole cleaning structure scheme, namely, a spindle taper hole cleaning structure scheme that does not allow air to enter the rotary joint. This scheme prevents the taper hole cleaning gas from entering the rotary joint and blowing away the bonded ceramic plates, ensuring the reliability of the rotary joint. The layout of the spindle taper hole cleaning channel in this invention utilizes the characteristic that the piston 3 needs to move forward to contact the induction plate 12 during spindle tooling. A taper hole cleaning channel (second channel 3-2) is opened on the piston 3, so that the taper hole cleaning channel is connected when the piston 3 contacts the induction plate 12. When the piston 3 has moved forward completely, the cleaning channel on the cylinder cover 2 (including the first channel 2-3 and the first connecting groove 2-4) will be completely connected with the cleaning channel on the piston 3 (including the second channel 3-2 and the second connecting groove 3-1), preventing the cleaning gas from flowing into the interior of the rotary joint 1 and affecting the reliability of the rotary joint.

[0032] In some implementations... The minimum distance between the first flow channel 2-3 and the inner wall of the cylinder head 2 is greater than 0; the minimum distance between the first flow channel 2-3 and the outer wall of the cylinder head 2 is greater than 0; the minimum distance between the second flow channel 3-2 and the inner wall of the piston 3 is greater than 0; and / or, The first flow channel 2-3 extends in a direction parallel to the axis of the cylinder head 2, and the second flow channel 3-2 extends in a direction parallel to the axis of the piston 3, with the extension direction of the first flow channel 2-3 being parallel to the extension direction of the second flow channel 3-2; the extension direction of the first connecting groove 2-4 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first flow channel 2-3, and the extension direction of the first connecting groove 2-4 extends in the radial direction of the cylinder head 2; the extension direction of the second connecting groove 3-1 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the second flow channel 3-2, and the extension direction of the second connecting groove 3-1 extends in the radial direction of the piston 3, with the extension direction of the first connecting groove 2-4 being parallel to the extension direction of the second connecting groove 3-1.

[0033] This is a preferred structural form of the first and second flow channels of the present invention. The first flow channel is located between the inner and outer walls of the cylinder head, which can effectively ensure the sealing effect of the airflow and prevent the airflow from entering the rotary joint on the inner periphery of the cylinder head and blowing open the ceramic plate, thus avoiding water leakage. The second flow channel is located between the inner and outer walls of the piston, which also improves the sealing effect of the airflow while realizing the conduction of the first flow channel, further preventing the airflow from entering the rotary joint and further improving the reliability of the rotary joint. The first and second flow channels of the present invention preferably extend in the axial direction, which can realize the transmission of airflow in the axial length direction. The first and second connecting grooves extend in the radial direction, which can be used to conduct the airflow laterally. Especially when the piston moves to the cleaning mode, the first and second connecting grooves are connected to each other, which transmits the airflow in the cylinder head to the piston, realizing the effective transmission of airflow.

[0034] In some implementations... A first sealing ring 15 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder head 2. Along the axial direction of the cylinder head 2, the first sealing ring 15 is located between the first connecting groove 2-4 and the axial end face of the cylinder head 2. When the cleaning mode is not executed, the movement of the piston 3 causes the first sealing ring 15 to be located on the side of the first connecting groove 2-4 away from the second connecting groove 3-1, that is, the first connecting groove 2-4 is located between the second connecting groove 3-1 and the first sealing ring 15; and / or, A second sealing ring 17 is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the piston 3 in contact with the cylinder head 2. Along the axial direction of the piston 3, the second sealing ring 17 is located on the side of the second connecting groove 3-1 away from the second flow channel 3-2. The distance between the second sealing ring 17 and the second connecting groove 3-1 is greater than 0. When the cleaning mode is executed or not, the distance between the second sealing ring 17 and the first connecting groove 2-4 is greater than 0.

[0035] Furthermore, the present invention further utilizes the first sealing ring provided on the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder head body to effectively seal the first connecting groove between the cylinder head body and the inner cavity of the cylinder head body, thereby preventing gas from entering the inner cavity of the cylinder head body and the rotary joint. This further improves the water-proof capability and reliability of the rotary joint. The present invention also utilizes the second sealing ring provided on the inner peripheral wall of the piston, requiring that the first connecting groove on the cylinder head body maintain a distance greater than zero from the second sealing groove during piston movement. This effectively prevents the first connecting groove from contacting the second sealing ring (piston U-ring) and causing sealing failure, further improving the sealing effect on the first flow channel and the first connecting groove, further improving the water-proof capability and reliability of the rotary joint.

[0036] The position of the first connecting groove 2-4 in the cylinder cover 2 of the present invention is required to always be at the front end of the piston U-ring (second sealing ring 17) when the piston 3 moves forward to the position, so as to avoid the first connecting groove 2-4 contacting the piston U-ring and causing sealing failure; the second connecting groove 3-1 in the piston needs to coincide with the first connecting groove 2-4 after the piston 3 moves forward to the position, so that the clean gas in the first connecting groove 2-4 flows through the second connecting groove 3-1 to several second flow channels 3-2 (preferably direct flow channels).

[0037] In some implementations... The cylinder head 2 is also provided with a third flow channel 2-2 and an air inlet 2-1. The air inlet 2-1 can introduce gas from the outside of the cylinder head 2. One end of the third flow channel 2-2 is connected to the air inlet 2-1. The third flow channel 2-2 is also connected to one end of the first flow channel 2-3 to provide gas to the first flow channel 2-3. The other end of the first flow channel 2-3 is provided with a sealing structure. The first connecting groove 2-4 is connected to the position between one end and the other end of the first flow channel 2-3.

[0038] This is a further preferred structural form of the cylinder head body of the present invention. Airflow can be introduced into the cylinder head body through the air inlet. The third flow channel can connect the air inlet and the first flow channel to achieve the effect of fluid introduction and conduction. The other end of the first flow channel can be sealed by the sealing structure to further prevent gas from flowing out from the other end of the first flow channel on the shaft end face of the cylinder head body and reaching the rotary joint, thereby further improving the reliability of the rotary joint. The first connecting groove is located between one end and the other end of the first flow channel and effectively connects the first flow channel to achieve the function of effectively exporting gas.

[0039] In some implementations... The air inlet 2-1 extends along the radial direction of the cylinder head 2, and the extension direction of the third flow channel 2-2 has an inclined angle between (0° and 90°) and the axial direction of the cylinder head 2.

[0040] This is a preferred structural form of the air inlet and the preferred structural form of the third flow channel of the present invention. The air inlet preferably extends in the radial direction to be used for radial air intake, and the third flow channel is configured as the above-mentioned inclined channel to be used to connect the air inlet on the radial outer periphery with the first flow channel located on the radial inner periphery.

[0041] In some implementations... It also includes a rotary joint 1, at least a portion of which is inserted into the inner cavity of the cylinder head 2, and the first flow channel 2-3 is not in communication with the inner cavity of the cylinder head 2. A third sealing ring 13 and a fourth sealing ring 14 are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the rotary joint 1. The other end of the third flow channel 2-2 is located on the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder head 2 and is opposite to the outer peripheral wall of the rotary joint 1. Along the axial direction of the rotary joint 1, the third sealing ring 13 is located on one axial side of the other end of the third flow channel 2-2, and the fourth sealing ring 14 is located on one axial side of the other end of the third flow channel 2-2, so that the other end of the third flow channel 2-2 is located between the third sealing ring 13 and the fourth sealing ring 14.

[0042] The present invention also provides third and fourth sealing rings respectively arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the rotary joint on both axial sides at the other end of the third flow channel. These sealing rings can effectively seal both ends of the rotary joint and the other end of the third flow channel, further preventing airflow from entering the rotary joint and breaking open the ceramic plate, further improving the leak-proof capability of the rotary joint, and further improving the reliability of the rotary joint.

[0043] In some implementations... It also includes a hydraulic cylinder 4, with the hydraulic cylinder cover 2 covering the hydraulic cylinder 4, and a receiving cavity 16 is formed between the inner periphery of at least a portion of the structure of the hydraulic cylinder 4 and the outer periphery of at least a portion of the structure of the hydraulic cylinder cover 2, and at least a portion of the structure of the piston 3 is disposed in the receiving cavity 16. The cylinder 4 is provided with a receiving groove at a position axially opposite to at least a portion of the structure of the piston 3. At least a portion of the structure of the piston 3 can be inserted into the receiving groove. Both the cylinder 4 and the cylinder cover 2 are fixed structures, and the piston 3 can move axially along its axis.

[0044] The present invention further preferably uses the above-mentioned cylinder structure, which can achieve the effect of driving the piston by supplying oil into the receiving cavity, thereby completing the switching effect of cleaning with or without cleaning. The piston at least partially passes through the receiving groove and can be used to drive the induction plate to move in the axial direction.

[0045] In some implementations... It also includes a sensing disk 12, which is disposed at one axial end of the oil cylinder 4. At least a portion of the structure of the sensing disk 12 is opposite to the piston 3 in the axial direction. The sensing disk 12 is provided with a fourth flow channel 12-2 and a fifth flow channel 12-1. When the cleaning mode is executed, the piston 3 moves such that the fourth flow channel 12-2 is opposite to and communicates with the second flow channel 3-2 in the axial direction. The fifth flow channel 12-1 is located inside the sensing disk 12 and communicates with the fourth flow channel 12-2.

[0046] Furthermore, the present invention utilizes the structure of the induction disk and its fourth flow channel to connect with the second flow channel on the piston during the cleaning mode, thereby receiving the airflow from the piston. The fifth flow channel inside the induction disk further facilitates the airflow, achieving both cleaning and airflow transmission.

[0047] When the piston 3 of the present invention moves forward and contacts the induction disk 12, it is preferable that the fourth flow channel 12-2 opened on the induction disk 12 is connected to the second flow channel 3-2, which can reduce the loss of clean gas between the fourth flow channel and the second flow channel.

[0048] In some implementations... The fourth flow channel 12-2 is an annular flow channel extending along the axial direction of the induction disk 12. The fifth flow channel 12-1 includes a fifth flow channel one extending along the radial direction of the induction disk 12 and a fifth flow channel two extending along the axial direction of the induction disk 12. The fourth flow channel 12-2, the fifth flow channel one, and the fifth flow channel two are connected in sequence.

[0049] This is a further preferred structural form of the fourth and fifth flow channels of the present invention. The fourth flow channel is preferably an annular flow channel, which can increase the communication area with the second flow channel. The fifth flow channel includes a radial fifth flow channel one and an axially extending fifth flow channel two, which can realize the sequential connection of the three and achieve the effect of sequential airflow.

[0050] In some implementations... It also includes a pull rod 11. When it also includes a rotary joint 1, a portion of the structure of the pull rod 11 is inserted into the inner cavity of the rotary joint 1, and a portion of the structure of the pull rod 11 is inserted into the inner hole of the induction disk 12. The portion of the structure of the pull rod 11 is located on the axial side of the induction disk 12 away from the rotary joint 1. A sixth flow channel 11-1 is provided inside the pull rod 11. The sixth flow channel 11-1 is opposite to and communicates with the fifth flow channel 12-1 on the induction disk 12.

[0051] Furthermore, the present invention utilizes the structure of the aforementioned pull rod and its internal sixth flow channel to achieve a connection with the fifth flow channel of the induction plate, thereby effectively guiding the airflow into the interior of the pull rod, achieving both cleaning of the interior of the pull rod and further guiding the airflow.

[0052] In some implementations... It also includes a shaft core 10 and an elastic element 9. At least a portion of the structure of the shaft core 10 is located on the outer periphery of at least a portion of the structure of the pull rod 11, and the elastic element 9 is also sleeved on the outer periphery of a portion of the shaft segment of the pull rod 11. The shaft core 10 is located on the outer periphery of the elastic element 9, and one end of the sixth flow channel 11-1 extends to communicate with the elastic element 9.

[0053] Furthermore, the present invention enables the shaft and elastic element to cooperate with the pull rod, and the elastic element is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pull rod. The sixth flow channel is connected to the elastic element, which can effectively clean the elastic element part on the inner periphery of the shaft and improve the cleaning effect.

[0054] The present invention comprises a cylinder cover 2, a piston 3, and a cylinder 4, which are installed on a pipeline. A rotary joint 1 is installed inside the cylinder 4 and connected to a pull rod 11. The piston 3 can move inside the cylinder 4 to realize the tool changing function of the spindle. The cylinder head 2 has a conical inlet 2-1 for cleaning, which is connected to an oblique flow channel (third flow channel 2-2) to guide the clean gas into the gap between the cylinder head 2 and the rotary joint 1. A third sealing ring 13 and a fourth sealing ring 14 are provided at both ends of the gap. The third sealing ring 13 is preferably integrated with the rotary joint, and the sealing groove of the fourth sealing ring 14 is preferably provided on the cylinder head. Several first flow channels 2-3 are provided on the cylinder head 2 to connect the gap formed between the cylinder head 2 and the rotary joint 1 with the first connecting groove 2-4, so that the clean gas can flow from the inlet 2-1 to the first connecting groove 2-4. The position of the first connecting groove 2-4 is required to always be located at the front end of the piston U-ring (second sealing ring 17) during the forward movement of the piston 3 to avoid the first connecting groove 2-4 contacting the outer ring of the piston U-ring and causing sealing failure. A sealing ring groove is provided in front of the first flow channel 2-4 to place the first sealing ring 15 and the U-ring on the piston to form a seal for the first connecting groove 2-4 and the second connecting groove 3-1. The piston has several second flow channels 3-2 connected to the second connecting groove 3-1. After the piston moves forward to its position, the second connecting groove 3-1 on the piston 3 needs to overlap with the first connecting groove 2-4 so that the clean gas in the first connecting groove 2-4 flows through the second connecting groove 3-1 to the several second flow channels 3-2. When the spindle cutting piston 3 moves forward and contacts the induction plate 12, the fourth flow channel 12-2 on the induction plate 12 is connected to several second flow channels 3-2, so that the cleaning gas flows from the piston to the induction plate 12. When the piston 3 contacts the induction plate 12, the fourth flow channel 12-2 on the induction plate 12 must correspond to the second flow channel 3-2 to reduce the loss of cleaning gas between the fourth flow channel 12-2 and the second flow channel 3-2. A "seven"-shaped straight channel (fifth flow channel 12-1) is opened on the induction plate 12 to connect the fourth flow channel 12-2 and several sixth flow channels 11-1 (direct flow channels) on the pull rod 11, so that the cleaning gas on the induction plate 12 flows to the pull rod 11. The pull rod 11 has a notched flow channel 11-2 so that the cleaning gas flows into the gap between the shaft core 10 and the elastic element 9, and finally flows to the spindle tapered hole to clean the spindle tapered hole. The advantage of this solution is that the clean gas from the spindle taper hole is unlikely to flow into the rotary joint 1 and affect the adhesion of the ceramic sheet, thus ensuring the reliability of the rotary joint 1.

[0055] In this invention, the spindle only needs to perform air cleaning on the tapered bore during the cutting process, i.e., when the piston moves to its forwardmost position. At this time, the tapered bore cleaning channel is fully connected, delivering the cleaning gas from the air inlet of the cylinder cover 2 to the tapered bore of the spindle core 10. However, when the spindle completes the cutting process, the piston 3 needs to be reset, and the tapered bore cleaning channel is disconnected. That is, the second channel 3-2 of the piston 3 separates from the fourth channel 12-2 on the induction plate 12, and at this time, the first connecting groove 2-4 separates from the second connecting groove 3-1.

[0056] The present invention also provides a CNC machine tool, which includes the aforementioned electric spindle.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric spindle, characterized by: The oil cylinder cover body (2) and the piston (3), at least part of the structure of the piston (3) is located in the outer periphery of at least part of the structure of the oil cylinder cover body (2), and the first flow channel (2-3) is arranged between the inner and outer walls of the oil cylinder cover body (2), and the second flow channel (3-2) is further arranged between the inner and outer walls of the piston (3), and the first communication groove (2-4) is further arranged on the outer wall of the oil cylinder cover body (2), the first communication groove (2-4) is communicated with the first flow channel (2-3) and the outer wall of the oil cylinder cover body (2), and the second communication groove (3-1) is further arranged on the inner wall of the piston (3), the second communication groove (3-1) is communicated with the second flow channel (3-2) and the inner wall of the piston (3), when the cleaning mode is executed, the piston (3) moves to make the first communication groove (2-4) and the second communication groove (3-1) opposite communication, so that the first flow channel (2-3) and the second flow channel (3-2) are communicated.

2. The electric spindle according to claim 1, wherein: the minimum distance between the first flow channel (2-3) and the inner wall of the oil cylinder cover body (2) is greater than 0, the minimum distance between the first flow channel (2-3) and the outer wall of the oil cylinder cover body (2) is greater than 0, the minimum distance between the second flow channel (3-2) and the inner wall of the piston (3) is greater than 0, and the minimum distance between the second flow channel (3-2) and the outer wall of the piston (3) is greater than 0; and / or, the first flow channel (2-3) extends in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the oil cylinder cover body (2), the second flow channel (3-2) extends in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the piston (3), and the extension direction of the first flow channel (2-3) is parallel to the extension direction of the second flow channel (3-2); the extension direction of the first communication groove (2-4) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first flow channel (2-3), and the extension direction of the first communication groove (2-4) extends along the radial direction of the oil cylinder cover body (2), the extension direction of the second communication groove (3-1) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the second flow channel (3-2), and the extension direction of the second communication groove (3-1) extends along the radial direction of the piston (3), and the extension direction of the first communication groove (2-4) is parallel to the extension direction of the second communication groove (3-1).

3. The electric spindle according to claim 1, wherein: a first sealing ring (15) is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the oil cylinder cover body (2), and in the axial direction of the oil cylinder cover body (2), the first sealing ring (15) is located between the first communication groove (2-4) and the axial end face of the oil cylinder cover body (2), when the cleaning mode is not executed, the first sealing ring (15) is located on the side of the first communication groove (2-4) away from the second communication groove (3-1) through the movement of the piston (3), that is, the first communication groove (2-4) is located between the second communication groove (3-1) and the first sealing ring (15); and / or, ​ The inner peripheral wall of the piston (3) is provided with a second sealing ring (17) at the position where the piston (3) is connected to the cylinder cover body (2). The second sealing ring (17) is located on the side of the second communication groove (3-1) away from the second flow channel (3-2) along the axial direction of the piston (3). The second sealing ring (17) is spaced apart from the second communication groove (3-1) by a distance greater than 0. The second sealing ring (17) is spaced apart from the first communication groove (2-4) by a distance greater than 0 when the cleaning mode is executed or not executed.

4. The electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder cover body (2) is further provided with a third flow channel (2-2) and an air inlet hole (2-1). The air inlet hole (2-1) can introduce gas from the outside of the cylinder cover body (2). One end of the third flow channel (2-2) is in communication with the air inlet hole (2-1). The third flow channel (2-2) is also in communication with one end of the first flow channel (2-3) to provide gas to the first flow channel (2-3). The other end of the first flow channel (2-3) is provided with a blocking structure. The first communication groove (2-4) is communicated at a position between one end and the other end of the first flow channel (2-3).

5. The electric spindle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The extension direction of the air inlet hole (2-1) is along the radial direction of the cylinder cover body (2). The extension direction of the third flow channel (2-2) has an inclination angle between 0 and 90° with the axial direction of the cylinder cover body (2).

6. The electric spindle according to claim 4, characterized in that: Further comprising a rotary joint (1). At least part of the structure of the rotary joint (1) is inserted into the inner cavity of the inner periphery of the cylinder cover body (2). The first flow channel (2-3) is not in communication with the inner cavity of the inner periphery of the cylinder cover body (2). The outer peripheral wall of the rotary joint (1) is provided with a third sealing ring (13) and a fourth sealing ring (14). The other end of the third flow channel (2-2) is located at the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder cover body (2) and opposite to the outer peripheral wall of the rotary joint (1). Along the axial direction of the rotary joint (1), the third sealing ring (13) is located on one side of the other end of the third flow channel (2-2) in the axial direction. The fourth sealing ring (14) is located on one side of the other end of the third flow channel (2-2) in the axial direction. The other end of the third flow channel (2-2) is located between the third sealing ring (13) and the fourth sealing ring (14).

7. The electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further comprising a cylinder (4). The cylinder cover body (2) is covered with the cylinder (4). The inner periphery of at least part of the structure of the cylinder (4) and the outer periphery of at least part of the structure of the cylinder cover body (2) form a containing cavity (16). At least part of the structure of the piston (3) is arranged in the containing cavity (16). The oil cylinder (4) is provided with a receiving groove at a position axially opposite to at least part of the structure of the piston (3), and the piston (3) can be inserted into the receiving groove. The oil cylinder (4) and the oil cylinder cover body (2) are fixed structures, and the piston (3) can move axially along its axial direction.

8. The electric spindle according to claim 7, characterized in that: Further comprising an induction disc (12) provided at one axial end of the oil cylinder (4), at least part of the structure of the induction disc (12) being axially opposite to the piston (3), and the induction disc (12) being provided with a fourth flow channel (12-2) and a fifth flow channel (12-1). When the cleaning mode is executed, the piston (3) moves to a position where the fourth flow channel (12-2) is axially opposite to and communicates with the second flow channel (3-2), and the fifth flow channel (12-1) is located inside the induction disc (12) and communicates with the fourth flow channel (12-2).

9. The electric spindle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fourth flow channel (12-2) is an annular flow channel extending in the axial direction of the induction disc (12), and the fifth flow channel (12-1) comprises a fifth flow channel one extending in the radial direction of the induction disc (12) and a fifth flow channel two extending in the axial direction of the induction disc (12), and the fourth flow channel (12-2), the fifth flow channel one and the fifth flow channel two are sequentially communicated.

10. The electric spindle according to claim 8, characterized in that: Further comprising a pull rod (11), and when a rotary joint (1) is further included, part of the structure of the pull rod (11) is inserted into the inner cavity of the rotary joint (1), part of the structure of the pull rod (11) is inserted into the inner hole of the induction disc (12), part of the structure of the pull rod (11) is located at the axial side of the induction disc (12) away from the rotary joint (1), and the inside of the pull rod (11) is provided with a sixth flow channel (11-1) opposite to and communicating with the fifth flow channel (12-1) on the induction disc (12).

11. The electric spindle according to claim 10, characterized in that: Further comprising a shaft core (10) and an elastic element (9), at least part of the structure of the shaft core (10) is located at the outer periphery of at least part of the structure of the pull rod (11), and the outer periphery of part of the shaft segment of the pull rod (11) is further sleeved with the elastic element (9), the shaft core (10) is located at the outer periphery of the elastic element (9), and one end of the sixth flow channel (11-1) extends to communicate with the elastic element (9).

12. A numerically controlled machine tool, characterized by: The electric spindle according to any one of claims 1-11.

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