Intelligent beam end displacement sensing cross-slit type bridge expansion joint and installation method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of bridge engineering, and particularly relates to an intelligent beam end displacement sensing cross joint type bridge expansion joint and a mounting method thereof. The expansion joint is arranged on a joint between adjacent beam ends. The expansion joint comprises a displacement sensing assembly arranged on the joint. The displacement sensing assembly comprises a first hinged part, a second hinged part, an expansion rod and a displacement sensor. The two ends of the expansion rod are connected with the first hinged part and the second hinged part respectively. The first hinged part is mounted on a beam end on one side of the joint, and the second hinged part is mounted on the opposite end. The first hinged part and the second hinged part are both provided with a first axis and a second axis. The first axis is arranged along the Z axis. The second axis has a degree of freedom of swinging in the XY plane by means of the first axis. The expansion rod can rotate around the first axis and the second axis on the first hinged part and the second hinged part. The expansion joint can accurately capture the multi-directional displacement of the beam end and provide a safety warning for the beam body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge engineering, specifically relating to an intelligent beam end displacement sensing cross-joint bridge expansion joint device and its installation method. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge expansion joints are critical load-bearing components in bridge structures. Their core function is to accommodate longitudinal, lateral, and vertical displacements caused by temperature changes, vehicle loads, foundation settlement, and concrete shrinkage and creep. As bridges age, expansion joints are prone to aging and damage due to repeated stress and environmental erosion. Abnormal changes in beam end displacement are often early signs of bridge structural defects. Failure to promptly capture this displacement information and make timely judgments and repairs can easily lead to a chain of failures, such as beam connection failures and bridge deck damage, and in severe cases, even threaten the safety of the bridge structure. Therefore, designing a bridge expansion joint that can accurately capture multi-directional displacements at beam ends has become an urgent technical requirement in the field of bridge engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent beam end displacement sensing cross-span bridge expansion joint device and its installation method, which can accurately capture multi-directional displacement of the beam end and provide safety early warning for the beam.

[0004] The specific technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0005] A smart beam-end displacement sensing cross-joint bridge expansion joint device is installed on the expansion joint between adjacent beam ends. The key feature is that the expansion joint device includes a displacement sensing component spanning the expansion joint. The displacement sensing component includes a first hinge, a second hinge, a telescopic rod, and a displacement sensor. The two ends of the telescopic rod are connected to the first and second hinges respectively. The first hinge is installed on one side of the beam end of the expansion joint, and the second hinge is installed on the opposite detection end. The telescopic rod has the freedom to extend and retract between the first and second hinges. Both the first and second hinges are provided with a first axis and a second axis. The first axis is along the Z-axis, and the second axis has the freedom to swing in the XY plane via the first axis. The telescopic rod can rotate around the first and second axes of the first hinge on the first hinge, and it can also rotate around the first and second axes of the second hinge on the second hinge. The displacement sensor is installed on either the first or second hinge to detect the displacement change of the telescopic rod.

[0006] Both the first hinge portion and the second hinge portion include an inner ring, an intermediate ring, and an outer ring. The inner ring, intermediate ring, and outer ring are hinged sequentially by hinge shafts, which are respectively arranged along a first axis and a second axis. The inner ring has the freedom to rotate around the first axis and the second axis on the outer ring by means of the hinge shaft and the intermediate ring. The ends of the telescopic rod are respectively connected to the inner ring.

[0007] The detection end is the beam end on the other side of the expansion joint, and the expansion rod is straddling the expansion joint via the first hinge and the second hinge.

[0008] The detection end is a mounting frame, which is located on the pier below the expansion joint and fixed to the pier. A set of displacement sensing components is set on both sides of the mounting frame. The first hinge part is installed on the beam ends on both sides of the expansion joint, and the second hinge part is installed on the mounting frame.

[0009] The displacement sensor includes a first angular displacement sensor, a second angular displacement sensor, and an axial displacement sensor. The first angular displacement sensor is mounted on the intermediate ring of the first hinge to detect the rotation angle of the inner ring of the first hinge. The second angular displacement sensor is mounted on the outer ring of the first hinge to detect the rotation angle of the intermediate ring of the first hinge. The axial displacement sensor is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the first or second hinge to detect the extension length of the telescopic rod.

[0010] The telescopic rod includes a fixed end and a telescopic end that are fitted together. The fixed end and the telescopic end are respectively connected to the inner ring of the second hinge and the inner ring of the first hinge. The axial displacement sensor is installed on the fixed end and is used to detect the telescopic length of the telescopic end on the fixed end.

[0011] An installation method for the aforementioned intelligent beam end displacement sensing cross-span bridge expansion joint device includes the following steps:

[0012] S1. After the beam is installed, anchor bolts are inserted into the beam or pier mounting base. The mounting base is cleaned to ensure that it is flat and free of loose aggregate.

[0013] S2. Inspect the first hinge, the second hinge, and the telescopic rod to ensure that the rotatable parts of the first hinge and the second hinge rotate flexibly, and that the telescopic rod extends and retracts smoothly, and that both ends of the telescopic rod are connected to the rotatable parts of the first hinge and the second hinge.

[0014] S3. Lock and fix the rotatable parts of the first hinge and the second hinge, so that the axis of the telescopic rod is perpendicular to the first hinge and the second hinge, respectively.

[0015] S4. Install the first hinge and the second hinge onto their respective mounting bases using anchor bolts, calibrate the reference of each displacement sensor, and unlock the rotatable parts of the first hinge and the second hinge.

[0016] S5. By collecting the monitoring signals from each displacement sensor, the relative displacement between the beams at both ends of the expansion joint is calculated, thereby enabling the monitoring of the displacement of the beams at both ends of the expansion joint.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] This invention employs a displacement sensing component installed on the beam. When relative displacement occurs between two adjacent beam ends, the linear distance between the first and second hinge parts changes, i.e., the length of the telescopic rod changes, or the angle of the telescopic rod at the first and second hinge parts changes. The displacement sensing component detects the angle or length change of the telescopic rod, and the controller receives the signal transmitted by the displacement sensing component and calculates and simulates the displacement change of the beam end, realizing real-time capture of multi-directional displacement of the beam end. No additional monitoring support is required, simplifying the overall structure and reducing installation and maintenance costs.

[0019] The inner ring, middle ring, and outer ring of the first hinge part and the second hinge part are sequentially hinged by hinge shafts to form a three-ring set and hinged structure. The hinge shafts are respectively set along the first axis and the second axis. The telescopic rod rotates around the first axis and the second axis without interfering with each other. It can be used to control the small swing and complex deformation of the beam end under complex stress, and ensure the independence and accuracy of angle monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 1;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of part A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a top view of Example 1;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the displacement sensing component.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the swinging state of the telescopic rod as the beam end displacement occurs.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2;

[0026] In the attached diagram, 1 is the expansion joint, 2 is the beam, 3 is the first hinge, 4 is the second hinge, 5 is the telescopic rod, 501 is the fixed end, 502 is the telescopic end, 6 is the displacement sensor, 601 is the first angular displacement sensor, 602 is the second angular displacement sensor, 603 is the axial displacement sensor, 8 is the pier, 9 is the mounting frame, 10 is the inner ring, 11 is the intermediate ring, 12 is the outer ring, and 13 is the hinge shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0028] Example 1, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, this invention relates to an intelligent beam-end displacement sensing cross-joint bridge expansion joint device, installed on an expansion joint 1 between adjacent beam ends. The key feature is that the expansion joint device includes a displacement sensing component spanning the expansion joint 1. The displacement sensing component includes a first hinge portion 3, a second hinge portion 4, a telescopic rod 5, and a displacement sensor 6. Both ends of the telescopic rod 5 are connected to the first hinge portion 3 and the second hinge portion 4, respectively. The first hinge portion 3 is installed on one side of the beam end of the expansion joint 1, and the second hinge portion 4 is installed on the opposite detection end. The telescopic rod 5 has a sensor located at the first hinge portion 3. The telescopic rod 5 has a degree of freedom to extend and retract between itself and the second hinge 4. Both the first hinge 3 and the second hinge 4 are provided with a first axis and a second axis. The first axis is set along the Z-axis, and the second axis has a degree of freedom to swing in the XY plane by means of the first axis. The telescopic rod 5 can rotate around the first axis and the second axis of the first hinge 3 on the first hinge 3, and can rotate around the first axis and the second axis of the second hinge 4 on the second hinge 4. The displacement sensor 6 can be installed on either the first hinge 3 or the second hinge 4 to detect the displacement change of the telescopic rod 5.

[0029] In this embodiment, the beam end opposite to the expansion joint 1 is detected, and the expansion rod 5 is straddling the expansion joint 1 by means of the first hinge part 3 and the second hinge part 4.

[0030] The axial direction of the telescopic rod 5 is parallel to its telescopic direction. When there is no relative displacement between the two beam ends, the axial direction of the telescopic rod 5 is set between the two beam ends along the X-axis. At this time, the first axis is set along the Z-axis and the second axis is set along the Y-axis. The telescopic rod 5 can telescopically extend and retract along its own axial direction between the first hinge 3 and the second hinge 4. When there is relative displacement between the two adjacent beam ends, the linear distance between the first hinge 3 and the second hinge 4 changes, that is, the length of the telescopic rod 5 changes, or the angle of the telescopic rod 5 on the first hinge 3 and the second hinge 4 changes. The telescopic rod 5 can rotate around the second axis, and the second axis can rotate around the first axis. The telescopic rod 5 swings within the XY plane, sensing changes in angle or length using a displacement sensing component. The controller receives the signal from the displacement sensing component and calculates and simulates the displacement changes at the beam end, enabling real-time capture of multi-directional displacement at the beam end. This eliminates the need for additional monitoring supports, simplifying the overall structure and reducing installation costs. The displacement sensing component is suitable for expansion joints in cross-span bridges. In cross-span bridge expansion joints, the teeth of the comb plate are offset from the expansion joint, creating a shield around the expansion joint. This reduces the amount of debris falling into the expansion joint, effectively lowering maintenance costs and ensuring the normal operation of the displacement sensing component.

[0031] Both the first hinge portion 3 and the second hinge portion 4 include an inner ring 10, a middle ring 11, and an outer ring 12. The inner ring 10, the middle ring 11, and the outer ring 12 are sequentially hinged by a set of mutually perpendicular hinge shafts 13, forming a three-ring nested and hinged structure. The outer ring 12 is fixedly connected to the beam end. The inner ring 10 has the freedom to rotate around the first axis and the second axis on the outer ring 12 by means of the hinge shafts 13 and the middle ring 11. The two ends of the telescopic rod 5 are fixedly connected to the inner ring 10 of the first hinge portion 3 and the second hinge portion 4, respectively. Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, a hinge shaft 13 is fixedly connected to the inner ring 10 and hinged to the middle ring 11 via the hinge shaft 13. The axis of the hinge shaft 13 is the second axis, and the hinge shaft 13 has the freedom to swing in the XY plane. A hinge shaft 13 arranged along the Z direction is fixedly connected to the middle ring 11 and hinged to the outer ring 12 via the Z-direction hinge shaft 13. The axis of the hinge shaft 13 is the first axis. The rotation of the telescopic rod 5 around the first axis and the second axis does not interfere with each other, and can be controlled by the small swing and compound deformation of the beam end under complex stress, and ensure the independence and accuracy of angle monitoring.

[0032] The displacement sensor 6 includes a first angular displacement sensor 601, a second angular displacement sensor 602, and an axial displacement sensor 603. The first angular displacement sensor 601 is mounted on the intermediate ring 11 of the first hinge portion 3 and is fixed relative to the intermediate ring 11. The first angular displacement sensor 601 is used to capture the rotation angle of the hinge shaft 13 on the inner ring 10, that is, to detect the rotation angle of the inner ring 10 of the first hinge portion 3 on the outer ring 12. The second angular displacement sensor 602 is mounted on the outer ring 12 of the first hinge portion 3 and is fixed relative to the outer ring 12. The second angular displacement sensor 602 is used to capture the rotation angle of the hinge shaft 13 on the intermediate ring 11, that is, to detect the rotation angle of the intermediate ring 11 of the first hinge portion 3.

[0033] The telescopic rod 5 includes a fixed end 501 and a telescopic end 502 that are fitted together. The fixed end 501 and the telescopic end 502 are respectively connected to the inner ring 10 of the second hinge part 4 and the inner ring 10 of the first hinge part 3. The axial displacement sensor 603 is installed on the fixed end 501 and is used to detect the telescopic length of the telescopic end 502 on the fixed end 501.

[0034] An installation method for the aforementioned intelligent beam end displacement sensing cross-span bridge expansion joint device includes the following steps:

[0035] S1. After beam 2 is installed, anchor bolts are inserted into the mounting base on beam 2. The mounting base is cleaned to ensure that it is flat and free of loose aggregate.

[0036] S2. Check the first hinge 3, the second hinge 4 and the telescopic rod 5 to ensure that the rotatable parts of the first hinge 3 and the second hinge 4 rotate flexibly and that the telescopic rod 5 extends and retracts smoothly. The two ends of the telescopic rod 5 are connected to the rotatable parts of the first hinge 3 and the second hinge 4.

[0037] S3. Lock and fix the rotatable parts of the first hinge 3 and the second hinge 4 so that the axis of the telescopic rod 5 is perpendicular to the first hinge 3 and the second hinge 4 respectively.

[0038] S4. Install the first hinge 3 and the second hinge 4 on their respective mounting bases using anchor bolts, calibrate the reference of each displacement sensor 6, and unlock the rotatable parts of the first hinge 3 and the second hinge 4.

[0039] S5. By collecting the monitoring signals of each displacement sensor 6, the relative displacement change between the beams 2 at both ends of the expansion joint 1 is calculated, thereby realizing the monitoring of the displacement of the beams 2 at both ends of the expansion joint 1.

[0040] Example 2, as Figure 6As shown, this embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1, except that a pier 8 is provided below the expansion joint 1, and anchor bolts are implanted on the mounting base surface on the pier 8 and the beam 2. The detection opposite end is the mounting frame 9, which is located on the pier 8 below the expansion joint 1 and is fixedly connected to the pier 8. A set of displacement sensing components is provided on both sides of the mounting frame 9. The first hinge part 3 is installed on the beam end on both sides of the expansion joint 1, and the second hinge part 4 is installed on both sides of the mounting frame 9.

[0041] Pier 8 has good stability, providing an independent and fixed reference for the displacement sensing components. The two sets of displacement sensing components collect data synchronously, and can capture the displacement status of the two adjacent beam ends respectively.

Claims

1. An installation method for an intelligent beam end displacement sensing cross-joint bridge expansion joint, wherein the expansion joint is installed on the expansion joint (1) between adjacent beam ends, characterized in that: The telescopic device includes a displacement sensing component, which includes a first hinge (3), a second hinge (4), a telescopic rod (5), and a displacement sensor (6). The first hinge (3) is installed on the beam end on one side of the expansion joint (1), and the second hinge (4) is installed on the opposite detection end. The two ends of the telescopic rod (5) are respectively connected to the first hinge (3) and the second hinge (4). The first hinge (3) and the second hinge (4) each include an inner ring (10), a middle ring (11), and an outer ring (12). The ring (12) is hinged in sequence by means of the hinge shaft (13), the hinge shaft (13) is respectively set along the first axis and the second axis, the first axis and the second axis are intersecting, the inner ring (10) is fixedly connected to the hinge shaft (13), the inner ring (10) has the degree of freedom to rotate around the first axis and the second axis on the outer ring (12) by means of the hinge shaft (13) and the intermediate ring (11), the ends of the telescopic rod (5) are respectively connected to the inner ring (10), and the displacement sensor (6) is installed on the first hinge part (3) or the second hinge part (4) to detect the displacement change of the telescopic rod (5); The displacement sensor (6) includes a first angular displacement sensor (601), a second angular displacement sensor (602), and an axial displacement sensor (603). The first angular displacement sensor (601) is installed on the middle ring (11) of the first hinge (3) to detect the rotation angle of the inner ring (10) of the first hinge (3). The second angular displacement sensor (602) is installed on the outer ring (12) of the first hinge (3) to detect the rotation angle of the middle ring (11) of the first hinge (3). The axial displacement sensor (603) is fixedly connected to the inner ring (10) of the first hinge (3) or the second hinge (4) to detect the extension length of the telescopic rod (5). The telescopic rod (5) includes a fixed end (501) and a telescopic end (502) that are fitted together. The fixed end (501) and the telescopic end (502) are respectively connected to the inner ring (10) of the second hinge part (4) and the inner ring (10) of the first hinge part (3). The axial displacement sensor (603) is installed on the fixed end (501) and is used to detect the telescopic length of the telescopic end (502) on the fixed end (501). The detection opposite end is the beam end on the other side of the mounting frame (9) or the expansion joint (1), and the mounting frame (9) is located on the pier (8) below the expansion joint (1) and is fixedly connected to the pier (8); The installation method of the telescopic device includes the following steps: S1. After the beam (2) is installed, anchor bolts are inserted into the installation base of the beam (2) or the pier (8), and the installation base is cleaned to ensure that the installation base is flat and free of loose aggregate. S2. Check the first hinge (3), the second hinge (4) and the telescopic rod (5) to ensure that the rotatable parts of the first hinge (3) and the second hinge (4) rotate flexibly and that the telescopic rod (5) extends and retracts smoothly. The two ends of the telescopic rod (5) are connected to the rotatable parts of the first hinge (3) and the second hinge (4). S3. Lock and fix the rotatable parts of the first hinge (3) and the second hinge (4) so ​​that the axis of the telescopic rod (5) is perpendicular to the first hinge (3) and the second hinge (4) respectively. S4. Install the first hinge (3) and the second hinge (4) on their respective mounting bases using anchor bolts, calibrate the reference of each displacement sensor (6), and unlock the rotatable parts of the first hinge (3) and the second hinge (4). S5. By collecting the monitoring signals of each displacement sensor (6), the relative displacement between the beams (2) at both ends of the expansion joint (1) is calculated, thereby realizing the monitoring of the displacement of the beams (2) at both ends of the expansion joint (1).

2. The installation method of an intelligent beam end displacement sensing cross-joint bridge expansion joint device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement sensing component is mounted across the expansion joint (1). The first axis is set along the Z-axis. The second axis has the freedom to swing in the XY plane by means of the first axis. The telescopic rod (5) can rotate around the first axis and the second axis of the first hinge (3) on the first hinge (3). The telescopic rod (5) can rotate around the first axis and the second axis of the second hinge (4) on the second hinge (4).

3. The installation method of an intelligent beam end displacement sensing cross-joint bridge expansion joint device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (5) is mounted across the expansion joint (1) by means of the first hinge (3) and the second hinge (4).

4. The installation method of an intelligent beam end displacement sensing cross-joint bridge expansion joint device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A set of displacement sensing components is provided on both sides of the mounting frame (9), the first hinge (3) is installed on the beam ends on both sides of the expansion joint (1), and the second hinge (4) is installed on the mounting frame (9).

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