Cross-shaped wooden column-steel ball crown-steel ball layer with graphite-aseismic system along column base stone

Abstract

The application discloses a cross-shaped wooden column-steel ball crown piece-graphite mixed steel bead layer-column base stone isolation system, which is mainly used for isolation and self-resetting of the bottom of a cross-shaped wooden column of a wooden structure. The isolation system is composed of a cross-shaped wooden column, four steel ball crown pieces, four concave spherical surface limiting along column base stones, a graphite mixed steel bead layer and four annular tempered glass sealing plates. The cross-shaped wooden column is composed of four column limbs which are connected by five round woods through square wood ladders and bamboo plywood. The steel ball crown piece is welded by a steel ball crown, an annular steel cover plate, a steel plate round hoop and a round steel pipe. The graphite mixed steel bead layer can reduce the friction between the steel ball crown and the concave spherical surface of the column base stone. The concave spherical surface of the column base stone can make the cross-shaped wooden column self-reset after an earthquake, and the column base stone limiting along can limit the excessive displacement of the bottom of the cross-shaped wooden column during the earthquake. The annular tempered glass sealing plate can be sealed and waterproofed. The isolation system has the advantages of isolating and reducing the seismic action of the upper structure and self-resetting after an earthquake, so as to realize the structural toughness and seismic resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a cross-shaped wooden column-steel spherical crown-graphite-doped steel bead layer-concave spherical surface with limiting along the column base stone seismic isolation system, belonging to the field of seismic isolation technology in civil engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Timber structures offer excellent earthquake resistance and thermal insulation, and have a short construction period. In recent years, timber-framed houses have seen a gradual increase in their proportion of new construction in China due to their advantages such as environmental friendliness, energy efficiency, and high construction efficiency. Timber structures in cultural and tourism buildings exhibit diverse shapes, employing round, square, L-shaped, T-shaped, and cross-shaped wooden columns depending on the building's structural requirements and load-bearing capacity. However, with the increasing scarcity of large-diameter timber resources, the use of traditional large-diameter round or square columns in timber structures is limited by the availability of larger-diameter logs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical objective of this invention is to propose a cross-shaped wooden column-steel spherical crown-graphite-coated steel bead layer-concave spherical base stone seismic isolation system, primarily used for seismic isolation and self-resetting of the base of cross-shaped wooden columns in timber structures. This seismic isolation system consists of a cross-shaped wooden column, four steel spherical crowns, four concave spherical base stones with limiting edges, a graphite-coated steel bead layer, and four annular tempered glass sealing plates. The cross-shaped wooden column is composed of four column legs formed by connecting five round logs through square timber ladders and bamboo plywood. The steel spherical crown is welded from a steel spherical crown, an annular steel cover plate, a steel plate hoop, and a round steel pipe. The graphite-coated steel bead layer reduces the friction between the steel spherical crown and the concave spherical surface of the base stone. The concave spherical surface of the base stone allows the cross-shaped wooden column to self-reset after an earthquake, and the limiting edge of the base stone restricts excessive displacement of the base of the cross-shaped wooden column during vibration. The annular tempered glass sealing plates provide a waterproof seal. This seismic isolation system has the advantages of reducing the seismic force on the superstructure by isolating the base of the cross-shaped wooden columns and achieving structural toughness and seismic resistance through self-resetting after an earthquake.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is a cross-shaped wooden column-steel spherical crown-graphite-coated steel bead layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone. It includes a cross-shaped wooden column, which is installed at the intermediate connection node of a wooden frame house, with the axis of the cross-shaped wooden column aligned with the axis of the wall panel of the wooden frame house. It also includes a hollow steel spherical crown and a concave spherical limiting column base stone. Each cross-shaped wooden column comprises four cross-shaped column legs and bamboo plywood covering both sides of the column legs. Two cross-shaped column legs are arranged along their length to form a straight section, and the two straight sections are arranged perpendicularly to form a cross-shaped structure.

[0005] Each of the aforementioned cross-shaped wooden column members includes a column member skeleton, and each column member skeleton is composed of end round logs, intersection round logs, and multiple square wooden ladders connected between them; the square wooden ladders between each cross-shaped wooden column member are arranged alternately; the four cross-shaped wooden column members share an intersection round log; the end round logs, square wooden ladders, and intersection round logs of the cross-shaped wooden column members are connected by mortise and tenon joints, and bamboo plywood is connected to the cross-shaped wooden column members by self-tapping screws; the bottom of the four end round logs is placed on four concave spherical base stones with limiting edges; the cross-shaped wooden column and the hollow steel ball crown are connected by an embedded connection; the upper part of the concave spherical base stone with limiting edges has a groove, and the groove is vertically processed into a concave spherical surface, the circumference of the concave spherical surface is a circular limiting edge, and the cross-shaped wooden column and the circular limiting edge are sealed and connected by a ring-shaped tempered glass sealing plate; the surface of the concave spherical surface is filled with a layer of graphite-doped steel beads.

[0006] Furthermore, the bottom center of the cross-shaped wooden column has a round hole at the bottom of the round wood of the cross-shaped wooden column limb; the hollow steel spherical crown is formed by welding a steel spherical crown and a circular steel plate hoop together; the surface of the steel spherical crown is a convex spherical structure corresponding to the concave spherical surface, and the curvature of the convex spherical surface is equal to that of the concave spherical surface; the circular steel plate hoop covers and embeds the outer surface of the cross-shaped wooden column; a horizontally arranged annular steel cover plate is provided between the bottom of the cross-shaped wooden column and the steel spherical crown, and a round steel pipe is vertically welded in the middle of the annular steel cover plate, the bottom of the round steel pipe being welded to the surface of the steel spherical crown; the inside of the round steel pipe is filled with embedded hard round wood; the round steel pipe is embedded and connected to the round hole at the bottom of the round wood of the cross-shaped wooden column limb.

[0007] The cross-shaped wooden post is composed of four end logs, end logs, square timber lattices, and bamboo plywood covering both sides of the square timber lattices. The four end logs are made of pine wood, etc., end logs, square timber lattices, end logs, and bamboo plywood covering both sides of the square timber lattices. The cross-shaped wooden post has five logs, including end logs, end logs, and end logs, which are common edge components of the four end logs. The end logs, square timber lattices, and end logs are joined by mortise and tenon joints, and the square timber lattices are covered with bamboo plywood on both sides and connected with self-tapping screws. The square timber lattices are spaced approximately 300mm apart, with a cross-sectional width of 1 / 3 the diameter of the end logs and a cross-sectional height of twice the cross-sectional width. The bottom of the end logs of the four end logs of the cross-shaped wooden post is machined with a hole diameter not less than 1 / 2 the diameter of the end logs and a hole depth not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the end logs. The bottoms of the round logs at the ends of the four column members are placed on the four column base stones.

[0008] The steel spherical crown component is constructed by welding a steel spherical crown, an annular steel cover plate, a steel plate hoop, and a round steel tube passing through a hole in the center of the annular steel cover plate. Hardwood, such as oak or ebony, is embedded inside the round steel tube. The outer diameter of the round steel tube matches the diameter of the hole in the annular steel cover plate and the diameter of the bottom holes in the round wood at the four ends of the cross-shaped wooden column. The height of the round steel tube above the annular steel cover plate is equal to the depth of the bottom hole in the round wood. The curvature of the steel spherical crown is equal to the curvature of the concave spherical surface of the column base stone. All steel used is 304 stainless steel. The forming process of the steel spherical crown component involves first symmetrically placing the round steel tubes at the bottom of the steel spherical crown and welding them together. Then, the annular steel cover plate is fitted onto the round steel tube and welded to both the round steel tube and the periphery of the steel spherical crown. Next, the steel plate hoop is symmetrically placed on the upper part of the annular steel cover plate and welded along its periphery. Finally, the hardwood is coated with structural adhesive and embedded in the steel tube, flush with the round steel tube.

[0009] The connection between the steel ball crown components and the bottom of the cross-shaped wooden column is achieved by applying structural adhesive to the steel pipe surface of the embedded hard round wood of the four steel ball crown components that protrude above the annular steel cover plate, the upper surface of the annular steel cover plate, and the inner surface of the steel plate hoop. The steel ball crown components are then embedded into the round holes at the bottom of the round wood at the ends of the four column limbs of the cross-shaped wooden column to achieve the connection between the two. After the connection, the steel plate hoop of the four steel ball crown components forms a constraint on the bottom of the round wood at the ends of the four column limbs of the cross-shaped wooden column to prevent cracking.

[0010] The concave spherical column base stone is a round, drum-shaped, or square column base stone with a cylindrical groove on the upper part, which is processed from granite such as bluestone and the groove is processed downward into a concave spherical surface.

[0011] The graphite-doped steel ball layer is a mixture of graphite and 304 stainless steel balls with a diameter of 2mm-3mm. The graphite acts as a lubricant, and the rolling of the steel balls reduces friction.

[0012] The aforementioned annular tempered glass cover is an 8mm thick annular tempered glass cover. A 10mm x 10mm square sponge strip is pasted around the perimeter of the annular glass cover. The sponge strip is pasted 10mm inward from the outer edge to provide space for the glass glue sealant. The square sponge strip serves to prevent the annular tempered glass from colliding with the column base stone limit edge during the sliding process of the wooden column bottom. During construction, first, insert the four ring-shaped tempered glass sealing plates into the bottom of the round logs at the four ends of the cross-shaped wooden column, about 300mm high (the 300mm height of the bottom of the round logs at the four ends of the cross-shaped wooden column corresponds to the height of the bottom of the bamboo plywood). Then, use four symmetrically arranged self-tapping screws on the round logs below the four ring-shaped tempered glass sealing plates to connect them to the round logs and support the four ring-shaped tempered glass sealing plates. After the seismic isolation system is installed, remove the self-tapping screws and small wooden blocks and lower the four ring-shaped tempered glass sealing plates into place. Then, seal the joints between the four ring-shaped tempered glass sealing plates and the corresponding round logs, as well as the positions of the square sponge strips that contact the corresponding concave spherical limiters along the column base stone, with glass glue.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention relates to a cross-shaped wooden column-steel spherical crown-graphite-doped steel bead layer-concave spherical band limiting seismic isolation system along the column base stone, which has the following advantages:

[0014] (1) The steel ball crown and concave spherical limiter along the column base stone of the cross-shaped wooden column-steel ball crown-graphite-doped steel bead layer-concave spherical limiter along the column base stone of the present invention can be standardized in design and industrialized in preparation. The assembly and construction are convenient and easy to promote and apply.

[0015] (2) The steel ball crown of the seismic isolation system is made of 304 stainless steel, the concave spherical surface with limiter along the column base stone is made of granite such as bluestone, and the graphite mixed with 304 stainless steel beads has stable physical and chemical properties and good durability.

[0016] (3) The graphite-doped steel ball layer of the seismic isolation system can reduce the friction between the steel ball cap and the concave spherical surface of the column base stone. The concave spherical surface of the column base stone plays the role of self-resetting of the cross-shaped wooden column under its own weight after the earthquake. The column base stone limiter plays the role of limiting the excessive displacement of the bottom of the cross-shaped wooden column during the vibration. The seismic isolation system has the function of reducing the seismic effect of the upper structure by isolating the bottom of the cross-shaped wooden column and can self-reset after the earthquake, thus realizing the structural toughness and seismic resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-shaped wooden column, a steel spherical crown, a layer of graphite-doped steel beads, a concave spherical base stone with limiting function, and an annular tempered glass sealing plate for seismic isolation.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-shaped wooden pillar structure.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the steel ball crown component and its cross-section.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the concave spherical surface with a limiting feature along the column base stone and its cross-section. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Cross-shaped wooden column - steel spherical crown component - graphite-doped steel bead layer - concave spherical surface with limiting along the column base stone - annular tempered glass sealing plate seismic isolation system ( Figure 1 ), cross-shaped wooden pillar structure ( Figure 2 ), steel ball crown component ( Figure 3 ), concave spherical surface with limiting along the column base stone ( Figure 4): 1. Cross-shaped wooden column; 2. Cross-shaped wooden column limb; 3. End round logs of cross-shaped wooden column limbs; 4. Round logs at the intersection of cross-shaped wooden column limbs; 5. Round holes at the bottom of the round logs of cross-shaped wooden column limbs; 6. Square wooden ladder; 7. Bamboo plywood connected with self-tapping screws covering both sides of the square wooden ladder frame of cross-shaped wooden column limbs; 8. Hollow steel ball crown; 9. Steel ball crown; 10. Annular steel cover plate; 11. Circular steel plate hoop; 12. Round steel pipe passing through the central hole of the annular steel cover plate; 13. Hard round log embedded in the round steel pipe; 14. Graphite-doped steel bead layer; 15. Concave spherical surface with limiting edge of column base stone; 16. Circular groove on the upper part of column base stone and concave spherical surface with the groove facing downward; 17. Circular limiting edge on the upper part of column base stone; 18. Circular tempered glass sealing plate; 19.

[0023] A cross-shaped wooden column-steel ball crown component-graphite-coated steel ball layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone includes a cross-shaped wooden column 1, wherein the cross-shaped wooden column 1 is set at the middle connection node of the wooden frame house, and the axis of the cross-shaped wooden column 1 is consistent with the axis of the wall panel of the wooden frame house.

[0024] It also includes a hollow steel spherical crown 9 and a concave spherical base stone with a limiting edge 16; the cross-shaped wooden column 1 includes four cross-shaped wooden column legs 2, and bamboo plywood 8 covering both sides of the cross-shaped wooden column legs 2; two cross-shaped wooden column legs 2 are arranged along the length to form a straight section, and the two sets of straight sections are arranged perpendicularly to form a cross-shaped structure.

[0025] Each of the cross-shaped wooden pillar limbs 2 includes a pillar frame 3, and each pillar frame 3 is composed of end round logs 4, intersection round logs 5, and multiple square wooden ladders 7 connected between them; the square wooden ladders 7 between each cross-shaped wooden pillar limb 2 are arranged alternately; the four cross-shaped wooden pillar limbs 2 share the intersection round logs 5; the end round logs 4, square wooden ladders 7, and intersection round logs 5 of the cross-shaped wooden pillar limb 2 are connected by mortise and tenon joints, and bamboo plywood 8 is connected to the cross-shaped wooden pillar limb 2 by self-tapping screws; four The bottom of the end round log 4 is placed on four concave spherical base stones 16 with limiting edges; the cross-shaped wooden column 1 and the hollow steel ball crown 9 are embedded and connected; the upper part of the concave spherical base stone 16 with limiting edges has a groove and the groove is processed into a concave spherical surface 17 along the vertical direction, and the circumference of the concave spherical surface 17 is a circular limiting edge 18. The cross-shaped wooden column 1 and the circular limiting edge 18 are sealed and connected by a ring tempered glass sealing plate 19; the surface of the concave spherical surface 17 is filled with a graphite-doped steel bead layer 15.

[0026] Furthermore, the bottom center of the cross-shaped wooden column 1 is machined with a round hole 6 at the bottom of the round wood of the cross-shaped wooden column limb; the hollow steel spherical crown 9 is formed by welding a steel spherical crown 10 and a circular steel plate hoop 12 together; the surface of the steel spherical crown 10 is a convex spherical structure corresponding to the concave spherical surface 17, and the curvature of the convex spherical surface is equal to the curvature of the concave spherical surface 17; the circular steel plate hoop 12 covers the outer surface of the cross-shaped wooden column 1 that is embedded and connected; a horizontally arranged annular steel cover plate 11 is provided between the bottom of the cross-shaped wooden column 1 and the steel spherical crown 10, and a round steel pipe 13 is vertically welded in the middle of the annular steel cover plate 11, and the bottom of the round steel pipe 13 is welded to the surface of the steel spherical crown 10; the inside of the round steel pipe 13 is filled with embedded hard round wood 14; the round steel pipe 13 is embedded and connected to the round hole 6 at the bottom of the round wood of the cross-shaped wooden column limb.

[0027] Furthermore, structural adhesive is applied to the inner surface of the circular steel plate hoop 12 and the upper surface of the annular steel cover plate 11. The cross-shaped wooden column 1 is embedded in the circular steel plate hoop 12 for connection. The annular steel cover plate 11 forms a constraint on the bottom of the hollow steel spherical crown 9 to prevent cracking.

[0028] Furthermore, the hardwood log 14 is made of oak or ebony.

[0029] Furthermore, the diameter of the round steel pipe 13 is the same as the diameter of the round hole 6 at the bottom of the round wood of the cross-shaped wooden column, and the height of the round steel pipe 13 above the annular steel cover plate 11 is equal to the depth of the round hole 6 at the bottom of the round wood of the cross-shaped wooden column; the hollow steel spherical crown 9 is made of 304 stainless steel.

[0030] Furthermore, the cross-shaped wooden post 1 is a circular cross-section wooden post made from pine logs, and the diameter of the round hole 6 at the bottom of the round log of the cross-shaped wooden post is not less than 1 / 2 the diameter of the cross-shaped wooden post 1.

[0031] Furthermore, the round steel pipe 13 is placed at the bottom of the steel ball crown 10 and welded thereon. The annular steel cover plate 11 is fitted into the round steel pipe 13 and welded to the periphery of the round steel pipe 13 and the steel ball crown 10. The round steel plate hoop 12 is placed on the upper part of the annular steel cover plate 11 and welded along the periphery. The hard round wood 14 is coated with structural adhesive and then embedded in the round steel pipe 13 and is flush with the round steel pipe 13.

[0032] Furthermore, the concave spherical limiting column base stone 16 is made of bluestone; the lower part of the concave spherical limiting column base stone 16 is a round pier-shaped column base stone, a drum-shaped column base stone, or a square pier-shaped column base stone.

[0033] Furthermore, the graphite-doped steel ball layer 15 is a mixture of graphite and 304 stainless steel balls with a diameter of 2mm-3mm; the graphite acts as a lubricant, and the rolling of the 304 stainless steel balls reduces friction.

[0034] Furthermore, the thickness of the annular tempered glass sealing plate 19 is 4-18mm, and 10mm×10mm square sponge strips are pasted around the perimeter of the four annular tempered glass sealing plates 19. The square sponge strips are pasted 10mm inward from the outer edge to provide space for glass glue sealing. The square sponge strips ensure that the annular tempered glass sealing plate 19 does not collide with the circular limiting edge 18 during the sliding of the cross-shaped wooden column 1 at the bottom of the column.

[0035] During construction, first insert four annular tempered glass sealing plates 19 into the corresponding cross-shaped wooden columns 1 at a height of not less than 300mm from the bottom of the column. Then, use four symmetrically arranged self-tapping screws on the cross-shaped wooden columns 1 below the annular tempered glass sealing plates 19 to connect them to the cross-shaped wooden columns 1, thus supporting the four annular tempered glass sealing plates 19. After the seismic isolation system is installed, remove the self-tapping screws and wooden blocks, and then lower three annular tempered glass sealing plates 19 into place. After that, seal the joints between the four annular tempered glass sealing plates 19 and the cross-shaped wooden columns 1, as well as the position of the square sponge strip that contacts the concave spherical limiter along the column base stone 16, with glass glue. Example

[0036] The cross-shaped wooden post 1 is composed of cross-shaped wooden post legs 2.

[0037] The cross-shaped wooden column limb 2 is composed of a cross-shaped wooden column limb frame 3 and bamboo plywood 8 covering both sides of the square wooden ladder 7.

[0038] The cross-shaped wooden column frame 3 is formed by mortise and tenon joints connecting the end round wood 4, the square wooden ladder 7, and the intersection round wood 5.

[0039] The round logs 4 at the ends of the cross-shaped wooden column and the round logs 5 at the intersection of the column members are made of pine or other logs.

[0040] The circular hole 6 at the bottom of the round log of the cross-shaped wooden column is a circular hole with a diameter not less than 1 / 2 the diameter of the round log and a depth not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the round log, which is machined in the middle of the bottom of the round log of the cross-shaped wooden column.

[0041] The aforementioned square timber ladder 7 is a ladder-shaped square timber with a distribution spacing of approximately 300mm, a cross-sectional width of 1 / 3 of the diameter of a round log, and a cross-sectional height of twice the cross-sectional width. The square timber is made of wood such as pine.

[0042] The bamboo plywood 8 is a bamboo plywood board connected with self-tapping screws covering both sides of the square wooden ladder frame of the cross-shaped wooden column. The bamboo plywood board is a multi-layer composite board made of moso bamboo as raw material, which is softened at high temperature, rolled flat, glued and laminated, and then formed by high pressure molding process.

[0043] The hollow steel spherical crown component 9 is welded together from a steel spherical crown 10, an annular steel cover plate 11, a circular steel plate hoop 12, and a circular steel pipe 13 passing through the central hole of the annular steel cover plate. After welding, a hard round wood 14 is embedded in the circular steel pipe. The steel is made of 304 stainless steel, and the hard round wood is made of oak or other wood.

[0044] The graphite-doped steel ball layer 15 is a mixture of graphite and 304 stainless steel balls with a diameter of 2mm-3mm. It is laid between the concave spherical surface 17 of the concave spherical base stone 16 and the steel ball crown 10. The graphite plays a lubricating role, and the rolling of the steel balls reduces the friction.

[0045] The concave spherical limiting edge column base stone 16 is a round pier-shaped column base stone, drum-shaped column base stone, or square pier-shaped column base stone with a cylindrical groove on the upper part and the groove facing downwards as a concave spherical surface 17, and the annular limiting edge 18 formed by the upper cylindrical groove as a structural feature.

[0046] The aforementioned annular tempered glass sealing plate 19 is made by cutting ordinary annealed glass into an annular shape according to the required dimensions, heating it to near its softening point, and then rapidly and uniformly cooling it. Example

[0047] This invention proposes a technical solution for using cross-shaped wooden columns made of relatively small-diameter circular timber as the central columns of timber-framed houses. The axis of the cross-shaped wooden columns is aligned with the axis of the wall panels, resulting in an aesthetically pleasing and practical room layout. The structural components are easily connected, meeting the needs of the house's floor plan while addressing the mechanical performance requirements of using relatively small-diameter circular timber instead of relatively large-diameter circular timber for the columns under compression, shear, and bending. Currently, the seismic toughness of timber structures urgently needs improvement. Toughness, also known as recoverability, describes the ability of a system to maintain and restore its original function after being disturbed. Building seismic toughness refers to the ability of a building to maintain and restore its original function after encountering a specific level of earthquake. Improving the seismic toughness of timber structures can be achieved through seismic resistance measures, seismic isolation measures, or a combination of both. However, low-cost seismic isolation technology is severely lacking in newly constructed cultural and tourism timber structures. Therefore, developing a seismic isolation system for cross-shaped wooden columns, with concave spherical surfaces and limiting columns along the base stone as key technical features, is not only necessary to ensure the seismic safety of wooden structures, but also to ensure the safety of decoration systems and water and electricity facilities under strong earthquakes. It can significantly reduce the cost of post-earthquake repairs and significantly improve the seismic toughness of wooden structures.

[0048] The cross-shaped wooden column is composed of four round logs at the ends of the column members, round logs at the intersection of the column members, square wooden ladders, and bamboo plywood covering both sides of the square wooden ladders. The bottom of the round logs at the ends of the four column members is placed on four column base stones. There are two structural forms: (1) The upper surface of the four column base stones is flat, and the bottom of the round logs at the ends of the four column members of the cross-shaped wooden column is placed directly on the four column base stones. Under the action of earthquake, the bottom of the cross-shaped wooden column and the column base stones form a sliding isolation structure. This structure has the advantage of reducing the transmission of earthquake action to the upper structure by the isolation effect of the bottom of the cross-shaped wooden column under the action of earthquake, but there is a risk of post-earthquake cross-shaped wooden column. The defect that the wooden column cannot be reset after sliding is that the cross-shaped wooden column cannot be reset after the earthquake, which makes the structure unable to maintain and restore its original function and has poor seismic toughness; (2) The center of the upper surface of the four column base stones is set with grooves, and the bottom of the four round woods or the bottom protruding wooden tenons at the ends of the cross-shaped wooden column are respectively embedded in the grooves on the upper part of the four column base stones. Under the action of earthquake, the bottom of the cross-shaped wooden column and the column base stone form a non-slip seismic isolation structure. The bottom of the cross-shaped wooden column cannot reduce the horizontal seismic action transmitted to the upper structure like the slip seismic isolation. Although the bottom of the cross-shaped wooden column does not slip after the earthquake and remains in the original position, the seismic isolation performance is poor. The key technical challenge in improving the seismic toughness of cruciform wooden columns lies in designing the structure between the four round logs at the ends of the cruciform wooden column and the four column base stones as a sliding self-resetting seismic isolation structure. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a seismic isolation system that can both slide and self-reset after an earthquake between the four round logs at the ends of the cruciform wooden column and the four column base stones. This system has the advantages of reducing the transmission of earthquake motion to the upper structure due to the seismic isolation at the bottom of the cruciform wooden column and the structural toughness and seismic resistance advantages of self-resetting after an earthquake.

[0049] The central column of the timber frame house uses a technical solution of making cross-shaped wooden columns with relatively small diameter round timber. The axis of the cross-shaped wooden column is consistent with the axis of the wall panel, which not only meets the needs of the house layout, but also solves the mechanical performance requirements of the relatively small diameter round timber instead of the relatively large diameter round timber in the wooden column. The cross-shaped wooden column is composed of round timber at the ends of four column members, round timber at the intersection of column members, square timber ladders, and bamboo plywood covering both sides of the square timber ladders. The four column members are composed of round timber at the ends of pine wood, square timber ladders, round timber at the intersection of column members, and bamboo plywood covering both sides of the square timber ladders. The cross-shaped wooden column has five round logs: four round logs at the ends of the four column members and round logs at the intersections of the column members. These intersection round logs serve as the common edge components for all four column members. The four column members' end round logs, square timber lattices, and intersection round logs are joined using mortise and tenon joints. The square timber lattices are covered on both sides with bamboo plywood and connected with self-tapping screws. The square timber lattices are spaced approximately 300mm apart, with a cross-sectional width of 1 / 3 the diameter of the round log and a cross-sectional height twice the cross-sectional width. At the bottom center of the four column member's end round logs, round holes with a diameter no less than 1 / 2 the diameter of the round log and a depth no less than 1.5 times the diameter of the round log are machined. The bottoms of the four column member's end round logs rest on four column base stones.

[0050] For newly constructed timber structures, the dimensions of the cross-shaped timber columns, the dimensions of each component of the steel ball crown and the thickness of the steel plate, the dimensions of each part of the concave spherical limiter along the column base stone, and the diameter of the steel balls mixed with graphite steel balls are first determined according to the structural design and stress requirements. Then, the stress calculation of the seismic isolation system is performed, and the components are prepared, transported and assembled on site.

[0051] The above is a typical embodiment of the present invention, and the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Claims

1. A cross-shaped wooden column-steel ball crown-graphite-coated steel ball layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone, comprising a cross-shaped wooden column (1), wherein the cross-shaped wooden column (1) is set at the intermediate connection node of the wooden frame house, and the axis of the cross-shaped wooden column (1) is consistent with the axis of the wall panel of the wooden frame house; Its features are: It also includes a hollow steel spherical crown (9) and a concave spherical belt with a limiting edge column base stone (16); the cross-shaped wooden column (1) includes four cross-shaped wooden column limbs (2) and bamboo plywood (8) covering both sides of the cross-shaped wooden column limbs (2); two cross-shaped wooden column limbs (2) are arranged along the length to form a straight section, and the two sets of straight sections are arranged perpendicularly to form a cross-shaped structure; Each of the cross-shaped wooden pillar legs (2) includes a pillar frame (3), and each pillar frame (3) is composed of end round logs (4) and intersection round logs (5) and multiple square wooden ladders (7) between them; the square wooden ladders (7) between each cross-shaped wooden pillar leg (2) are arranged alternately; the four cross-shaped wooden pillar legs (2) share the intersection round logs (5); the end round logs (4), square wooden ladders (7) and intersection round logs (5) of the cross-shaped wooden pillar legs (2) are connected by mortise and tenon joints, and bamboo plywood (8) is connected to the cross-shaped wooden pillar legs (2) by self-tapping screws. The bottom of the four end round logs (4) are placed on the four concave spherical base stones (16) with limiting edges; the cross-shaped wooden column (1) and the hollow steel ball crown (9) are embedded and connected vertically; the upper part of the concave spherical base stone (16) with limiting edges has a groove and the groove is processed into a concave spherical surface (17) in the vertical direction, and the circumference of the concave spherical surface (17) is a circular limiting edge (18). The cross-shaped wooden column (1) and the circular limiting edge (18) are sealed and connected by a ring tempered glass sealing plate (19); the surface of the concave spherical surface (17) is filled with a layer of graphite-doped steel beads (15). The bottom center of the cross-shaped wooden column (1) is machined with a round hole (6) at the bottom of the round wood of the cross-shaped wooden column limb; the hollow steel spherical crown (9) is welded together from the top and bottom of the steel spherical crown (10) and the circular steel plate hoop (12); the surface of the steel spherical crown (10) is a convex spherical structure corresponding to the concave spherical surface (17), and the curvature of the convex spherical surface is equal to the curvature of the concave spherical surface (17); the circular steel plate hoop (12) covers the outer surface of the cross-shaped wooden column (1) that is embedded and connected; a horizontally arranged annular steel cover plate (11) is provided between the bottom of the cross-shaped wooden column (1) and the steel spherical crown (10), and a round steel pipe (13) is vertically welded in the middle of the annular steel cover plate (11), and the bottom of the round steel pipe (13) is welded to the surface of the steel spherical crown (10); the inside of the round steel pipe (13) is filled with embedded hard round wood (14); the round steel pipe (13) is embedded and connected to the round hole (6) at the bottom of the round wood of the cross-shaped wooden column limb.

2. The cross-shaped wooden column-steel spherical crown-graphite-doped steel bead layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the circular steel plate hoop (12) and the upper surface of the annular steel cover plate (11) are coated with structural adhesive. The cross-shaped wooden column (1) is embedded in the circular steel plate hoop (12) for connection. The annular steel cover plate (11) forms a constraint on the bottom of the hollow steel spherical crown (9) to prevent cracking.

3. The cross-shaped wooden column-steel spherical crown-graphite-doped steel bead layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hardwood log (14) is made of oak or sablewood.

4. The cross-shaped wooden column-steel spherical crown-graphite-doped steel bead layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the round steel pipe (13) is the same as the diameter of the round hole (6) at the bottom of the round wood of the cross-shaped wooden column. The height of the round steel pipe (13) above the annular steel cover plate (11) is equal to the depth of the round hole (6) at the bottom of the round wood of the cross-shaped wooden column. The hollow steel ball crown (9) is made of 304 stainless steel.

5. The cross-shaped wooden column-steel spherical crown-graphite-doped steel bead layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-shaped wooden column (1) is a round cross-section wooden column made from pine logs. The diameter of the round hole (6) at the bottom of the cross-shaped wooden column is not less than 1 / 2 the diameter of the cross-shaped wooden column (1).

6. The cross-shaped wooden column-steel spherical crown-graphite-doped steel bead layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The round steel pipe (13) is placed at the bottom of the steel ball crown (10) and welded. The annular steel cover plate (11) is inserted into the round steel pipe (13) and welded to the periphery of the round steel pipe (13) and the steel ball crown (10). The circular steel plate hoop (12) is placed on the upper part of the annular steel cover plate (11) and welded along the periphery. The hard round wood (14) is coated with structural adhesive and then embedded in the round steel pipe (13) and flush with the round steel pipe (13).

7. The cross-shaped wooden column-steel spherical crown-graphite-doped steel bead layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concave spherical base stone (16) with limiting edge is made of bluestone; the lower part of the concave spherical base stone (16) with limiting edge is a round pier-shaped base stone, a drum-shaped base stone, or a square pier-shaped base stone.

8. The cross-shaped wooden column-steel spherical crown-graphite-doped steel bead layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The graphite-doped steel ball layer (15) is a mixture of graphite and 304 stainless steel balls with a diameter of 2mm-3mm; the graphite acts as a lubricant, and the rolling of the 304 stainless steel balls reduces friction.

9. The cross-shaped wooden column-steel spherical crown-graphite-doped steel bead layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the annular tempered glass sealing plate (19) is 4-18mm. 10mm×10mm square sponge strips are pasted around the perimeter of the four annular tempered glass sealing plates (19). The square sponge strips are pasted 10mm inward from the outer edge to provide space for glass glue sealing. The square sponge strips ensure that the annular tempered glass sealing plate (19) does not collide with the circular limiting edge (18) during the sliding of the cross-shaped wooden column (1) at the bottom of the column. During construction, first insert four annular tempered glass sealing plates (19) into the bottom of the corresponding cross-shaped wooden column (1) at a height of not less than 300mm, and connect the cross-shaped wooden column (1) with four symmetrically arranged self-tapping screw small wooden blocks under the annular tempered glass sealing plates (19) to the cross-shaped wooden column (1) to support the four annular tempered glass sealing plates (19); after the seismic isolation system is installed, remove the self-tapping screw small wooden blocks and put the three annular tempered glass sealing plates (19) into place, and then seal the joint position of the four annular tempered glass sealing plates (19) and the cross-shaped wooden column (1) and the position of the square sponge strip that contacts the concave spherical limiter along the column base stone (16) with glass glue.

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