Drawing processing method and system for die-free turning, medium and product

Abstract

The invention discloses a drawing processing method and system for die-free turning, a medium and a product, and relates to the field of electrical digital data processing.The method comprises the steps that groove pressure distribution data is calculated according to groove size data input by a user; determining initial contour parameters of the sealing ring, and generating a target sealing ring model; an initial cutting path is generated, and a turning time sequence of the material removal process in the turning process is constructed; at each cutting moment in the turning time sequence, a corresponding transient workpiece model is constructed based on the remaining non-cut materials; calculating the local support stiffness of the transient workpiece model at the current cutting point position; establishing a mapping relation between the local supporting rigidity and the cutting cutter relieving amount, and generating a deformation compensation parameter; the initial cutting path is corrected point by point, and a tool movement track is generated; and generating a target program instruction of numerical control machining. By implementing the application, the drawing processing can be optimized, and the drawing model and the numerical control machining instruction which are convenient for turning the rubber type sealing ring are generated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic digital data processing, and in particular to a drawing processing method, system, medium, and product for die-free turning. Background Technology

[0002] In modern manufacturing, sealing rings are key fundamental components, and their performance and reliability directly determine the operational accuracy and service life of the entire system. To meet the customized needs of small batches, multiple specifications, and high performance, moldless turning technology has become the mainstream solution. This technology is deeply integrated with advanced computer-aided design / manufacturing (CAD / CAM) systems, forming an efficient and precise production process, representing the current advanced level in this field.

[0003] In related technologies, engineers utilize powerful integrated CAD / CAM software to construct three-dimensional solid models or two-dimensional cross-sections of sealing rings. These systems not only accurately define complex geometric contours but also integrate rich material libraries, enabling them to optimize cutting parameters based on selected materials and generate interference-free, highly efficient virtual simulation toolpaths.

[0004] However, since the sealing ring will deform during application, in addition to ensuring that the dimensions are accurately matched to the corresponding grooves, engineers often need to spend a lot of time designing the dimensional compensation to make it more suitable for the corresponding working environment, resulting in low drawing processing efficiency. In addition, since the sealing ring is usually made of highly elastic materials such as rubber and polyurethane, the workpiece will have slight deformation when the sealing ring is machined, and its machining parameters need to be adjusted and verified. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a drawing processing method, system, medium, and product for moldless turning, which optimizes drawing processing and generates drawing models and CNC machining instructions that facilitate the turning of rubber-type seals.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a drawing processing method for moldless turning, applied to a drawing engine system. The method includes: calculating the force values ​​of each region of the groove based on user-inputted groove size data to obtain groove pressure distribution data; determining the initial contour parameters of the sealing ring based on the groove pressure distribution data to generate a target sealing ring model to compensate for pressure strain; generating an initial cutting path based on the target sealing ring model, and constructing a turning time sequence of the material removal process during turning based on the initial cutting path; at each cutting moment in the turning time sequence, constructing a corresponding transient workpiece model based on the geometric topology of the remaining unremoved material; calculating the local support stiffness of the transient workpiece model at the current cutting point; this local support stiffness characterizes the structural support capability of the remaining material for the current cutting point; establishing a mapping relationship between the local support stiffness and the cutting deflection amount to generate deformation compensation parameters distributed along the initial cutting path; correcting the initial cutting path point by point based on the deformation compensation parameters to generate a tool motion trajectory containing variable compensation amounts; and generating target program instructions for CNC machining based on the tool motion trajectory.

[0007] In the above embodiments, the drawing engine system not only calculates the pressure strain of the sealing ring under working conditions, but also performs dynamic compensation for deformation during machining when generating the toolpath. The system can evaluate the local support stiffness of the workpiece at each cutting point in real time. This stiffness changes with the cutting of the material. Based on this, the system can predict the deflection amount generated when the tool contacts the flexible material and correct the initial cutting path point by point. The generated tool motion trajectory can offset the deformation error during machining, thereby improving the dimensional accuracy and shape fidelity of moldless turning of flexible materials (such as rubber and polyurethane), and increasing production efficiency and product qualification rate.

[0008] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the step of determining the initial contour parameters of the sealing ring based on the groove pressure distribution data and generating a target sealing ring model to compensate for pressure strain specifically includes: obtaining the target material parameters input by the user and constructing a standard sealing ring model; calculating the deformation of the standard sealing ring model under pressure based on the groove pressure distribution data to obtain the strain data of the standard sealing ring model; calculating the size compensation value of the standard sealing ring model based on the strain data, and correcting the standard sealing ring model according to the size compensation value to generate the target sealing ring model.

[0009] In the above embodiments, the drawing engine system constructs an idealized sealing ring model based on the user-selected materials and standard specifications, calculates the strain of the sealing ring model based on the groove pressure distribution data, and calculates the required dimensional compensation value based on this strain data. The cutting compensation work is transformed into computer simulation and calculation, which improves design efficiency and accuracy and ensures the best sealing performance of the sealing ring under actual working conditions.

[0010] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the step of calculating the local support stiffness of the transient workpiece model at the current cutting point specifically includes: determining the main extension direction of the remaining material entity based on the geometric extension trend of the transient workpiece model at the current cutting point; obtaining the feed direction of the tool at the current cutting moment and calculating the geometric angle between the feed direction and the main extension direction; when the geometric angle is within the range of the perpendicular state, determining that the main force mode of the material at the current cutting point is the bending-dominant mode, and calculating the local support stiffness using the material's bending physical parameters; when the geometric angle is within the range of the parallel state, determining that the main force mode of the material at the current cutting point is the compression-dominant mode, and calculating the local support stiffness using the material's compressive physical parameters; when the geometric angle is within the range of the intermediate state, weighting the bending and compressive physical parameters based on the angle ratio to obtain the local support stiffness.

[0011] In the above embodiments, when turning flexible materials, the drawing engine system distinguishes different stress modes by analyzing the geometric angle between the tool feed direction and the extension direction of the material body near the current cutting point. For example, when the tool cuts perpendicular to a thin-walled structure, the main stress is bending deformation; while when the tool cuts along the axial direction of a thick structure, the main stress is compressive deformation. This differentiated processing makes the stiffness calculation results closer to the real physical process, ensuring the dimensional stability and accuracy of complex contour sealing rings during the machining process.

[0012] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, before the steps of generating an initial cutting path based on the target sealing ring model and constructing a turning time sequence of the material removal process during turning based on the initial cutting path, the method further includes: performing cantilever feature recognition on the target sealing ring model, dividing the initial contour parameters of the target sealing ring model into a far-end cantilever region and a near-end support region; generating a preset time constraint condition for the material model during the cutting process, such that the cutting process of the near-end support region is completed after the cutting steps of all far-end cantilever regions are completed.

[0013] In the above embodiments, the drawing engine system ensures the stability of the machining process by optimizing the machining sequence. Sealing rings, especially those with complex lips or grooves, often have cross-sections containing cantilever beam-like structures. These structures have poor rigidity during machining and are prone to vibration and deformation. The drawing engine system uses a cantilever feature recognition algorithm to identify these weak points (far-end overhanging areas) and the thicker parts providing the main support (proximal support areas) in the model, generating a key timing constraint: all far-end overhanging areas must be cut first, followed by the cutting of the proximal support areas. This provides maximum support for these weak points, avoiding part scrap due to improper machining sequence and improving the machining success rate and surface quality of complex structure sealing rings.

[0014] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the step of generating target program instructions for CNC machining based on the tool movement trajectory specifically includes: calculating the minimum material diameter requirement based on the outer dimensions of the target sealing ring, and selecting a list of candidate materials that meet the processing requirements from the material library based on the minimum material diameter requirement; calculating the comprehensive cost of a single sealing ring based on the cost data and residual material utilization rate of each material in the candidate material list, and determining the target material with the minimum comprehensive cost; and generating target program instructions containing the tool path and cutting parameters based on the material specification parameters of the target material and the tool movement trajectory.

[0015] In the above embodiments, before generating the final CNC instructions, the drawing engine system accurately calculates the minimum bar diameter required for processing based on the determined external dimensions of the target sealing ring model. Using this minimum diameter requirement, the system can filter all candidate materials that meet the specifications in the material library. By considering the unit price of each candidate material and whether the surplus material generated after processing can be reused (i.e., surplus material utilization rate), the system calculates the comprehensive cost of processing a single sealing ring, enabling it to recommend or determine the lowest-cost target material for the user, thereby improving the profit margin of small-batch customized production.

[0016] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the step of generating target program instructions containing toolpaths and cutting parameters based on the material specifications of the target material and the tool movement trajectory specifically includes: calculating the number of sealing rings that can be machined from a single piece of material based on the length parameters of the target material, and determining the optimal segmentation and cutting position based on batch requirements to generate a material segmentation scheme; dividing the tool movement trajectory into a roughing path and a finishing path according to the material segmentation scheme; the roughing path includes a cutting end face and a reserved allowance contour, and the finishing path includes a finishing reference surface and a finishing contour; calculating the cutting parameters and feed rate of each machining path based on the material specifications of the target material, and generating target program instructions containing spindle speed, feed rate, and tool setting point coordinates; the material specifications include material properties and stiffness characteristics.

[0017] In the above embodiments, in a mass production scenario, the drawing engine system plans the optimal material segmentation scheme based on the length of the selected target material and the processing length of a single sealing ring, so as to make the maximum use of the whole bar stock, decompose the complex processing task into two stages of roughing and finishing, and generate their respective tool paths, thus ensuring the final dimensional accuracy and surface finish.

[0018] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, before the step of calculating the stress values ​​of each region of the groove based on the groove size data input by the user to obtain the groove pressure distribution data, the method further includes: determining the size and shape data of multiple candidate sealing rings based on the groove size data input by the user; generating an initial sealing ring model based on the size and shape data, and after marking the size values ​​on the initial sealing ring model, generating a recommended sealing ring list; obtaining the design parameters of each sealing ring in the recommended sealing ring list, and establishing a finite element analysis mesh based on a preset material physics model; performing transient dynamic simulation analysis in the finite element analysis mesh, obtaining the stress-strain data and sealing surface contact pressure distribution data of each sealing ring under different working conditions, and generating a performance evaluation report; prioritizing the recommended sealing ring list based on the performance evaluation report, classifying each sealing ring based on historical application data, and updating the display order of the recommended sealing ring list.

[0019] In the above embodiments, the drawing engine system generates a recommended list containing multiple possible design schemes based on the groove data during the initial design stage. Each candidate scheme in the list undergoes in-depth performance pre-evaluation, simulating the performance of each candidate sealing ring under actual working conditions, and generating a detailed performance evaluation report including data such as stress, strain, and key sealing surface contact pressure. This allows users to intuitively compare the advantages and disadvantages of different designs, improving design quality and efficiency.

[0020] In a second aspect, embodiments of this application provide a graphics engine system, which includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, and the memory is used to store computer program code, which includes computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to cause the graphics engine system to perform the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0021] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product containing instructions that, when the computer program product is run on a graphics engine system, cause the graphics engine system to execute the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0022] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed on a graphics engine system, cause the graphics engine system to perform the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0023] Understandably, the graphics engine system provided in the second aspect, the computer program product provided in the third aspect, and the computer storage medium provided in the fourth aspect are all used to execute the methods provided in the embodiments of this application. Therefore, the beneficial effects they can achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0024] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. By employing intelligent processing throughout the entire process, from groove data input to CNC command generation, and particularly by innovatively constructing a turning time series and transient workpiece model to dynamically calculate local support stiffness during the cutting process and accordingly correct the tool path point by point, it can accurately predict and compensate for the deformation of flexible materials caused by stress during turning. This effectively solves the problem in existing technologies where insufficient workpiece stiffness leads to tool deflection and dimensional errors when machining flexible materials (such as rubber and polyurethane), and where manual trial cutting and experience-based adjustments are heavily relied upon. It achieves high-precision, high-efficiency, and intelligent machining of moldless customized sealing rings, improving product qualification rate and dimensional consistency, shortening the production cycle, and reducing reliance on operator skills.

[0025] 2. By employing a design method that uses groove pressure distribution data to calculate strain data of a standard sealing ring model through finite element analysis and other methods, and then using this data to calculate dimensional compensation values ​​in reverse, a target sealing ring model for compensating pressure strain can be generated. This method allows for the scientific and precise pre-design of the sealing ring's geometry under static conditions, ensuring that it deforms into its optimal functional form after being subjected to working pressure. It effectively solves the problems of existing technologies where engineers rely on experience and tedious manual calculations to determine the pressure compensation amount of the sealing ring, leading to low design efficiency, insufficient compensation accuracy, and the need for multiple iterations to meet performance requirements. This achieves a high degree of intelligence and precision in the functional design of the sealing ring, ensuring the sealing reliability and long service life of the product under actual working conditions, and shortening the product development cycle.

[0026] 3. By performing cantilever feature identification on the target sealing ring model before generating the toolpath, dividing it into a distal cantilever region and a proximal support region, and generating a timing constraint condition to process the distal cantilever region first and then the proximal support region, this method can intelligently plan the optimal machining sequence based on the workpiece's geometric features and mechanical stability. This solves the problem in existing technologies where, when using general CAM software to generate toolpaths, unreasonable machining sequences (such as removing the support portion first) lead to insufficient rigidity in thin-walled or cantilever structures of the workpiece, causing severe vibration or deformation in subsequent machining, thus affecting machining accuracy and surface quality, and even leading to part scrap. This method achieves stable and reliable machining of flexible workpieces with complex cross-sectional shapes, improving product geometric accuracy and machining success rate. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a drawing processing method for moldless turning in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is another schematic flowchart of the drawing processing method for moldless turning in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the physical device structure of a graphics engine system in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The terminology used in the following embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to include the plural expressions as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application refers to any or all possible combinations including one or more of the listed items.

[0029] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0030] In the moldless turning machining scenario described in this application, the core lies in providing a complete solution from design to manufacturing for small-batch, multi-specification customized sealing needs. The drawing process here is not traditional drawing; it is a comprehensive workflow integrating engineering calculations, intelligent design, performance simulation, and CNC programming. Specifically, the method begins with user-provided groove dimension data, including not only the basic geometric dimensions of the groove (such as inner and outer diameters and width) but also its working environment parameters (such as medium pressure, temperature, and motion type). This data forms the fundamental basis for designing a functional sealing ring. Based on this, the system calculates the groove pressure distribution data through a mechanical model, simulating the magnitude and direction of pressure experienced by the sealing ring at various points on its surface when it actually works within the groove, serving as the basis for structural design.

[0031] In the structural design phase, the system generates one or more candidate sealing ring schemes. After the user selects the target sealing ring, the system enters the core dual-compensation calculation. The first stage is design compensation: by simulating the deformation of the target sealing ring under working pressure, strain data is obtained, and the dimensional compensation value is calculated in reverse, generating a corrected dimensional data with pre-deformation design to ensure that it reaches the ideal shape after being compressed. The second stage is machining compensation: based on the corrected machining contour data, a preliminary tool movement trajectory is generated. Then, by simulating the entire turning process, the stiffness change of the workpiece at each cutting point is dynamically calculated, the tool deflection deformation caused by material elasticity is predicted and compensated, and finally, highly accurate target program instructions (such as G-code) are generated. That is, this application can generate drawing models and CNC machining instructions that are convenient for turning rubber-type sealing rings.

[0032] The following describes the process of the method provided in this implementation. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a drawing processing method for moldless turning in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] S101. Based on the trench size data input by the user, calculate the force values ​​of each area of ​​the trench to obtain the trench pressure distribution data.

[0034] Among them, the groove size data refers to the set of geometric and physical parameters used to define the installation space of the sealing ring, such as the inner diameter, outer diameter, depth of the groove, as well as the working pressure and temperature; the force value represents the pressure exerted on the sealing ring by the inner wall of the groove under a given working condition; the groove pressure distribution data refers to a pressure field data model formed by mapping these force values ​​onto the geometric surface of the groove.

[0035] Specifically, after receiving user-input parameters such as groove geometry and working pressure, the graphics engine system initiates a physical simulation module. This module establishes a simplified fluid or structural mechanics model to simulate how the medium acts on the surface of the sealing ring constrained within the groove under a specified pressure. Through calculation, the pressure distribution in different areas such as the bottom and sidewalls of the groove is obtained. This data can be a discrete set of pressure values ​​or a continuous pressure function surface, providing accurate boundary conditions for subsequent strain analysis of the sealing ring.

[0036] In some embodiments, this step can be implemented in several ways: Optionally, for standard trenches and simple pressure conditions, the drawing engine system can call the built-in library of engineering empirical formulas, input parameters, and directly calculate the approximate pressure distribution; alternatively, for complex or demanding applications, the drawing engine system can launch a lightweight finite element analysis (FEA) solver to mesh the trench region, apply pressure loads, and solve for a detailed pressure distribution contour map. It is understood that other methods can also be used to calculate the pressure distribution, such as calling external professional CFD or FEA software interfaces, which are not limited here.

[0037] S102. Determine the initial contour parameters of the sealing ring based on the groove pressure distribution data, and generate a target sealing ring model to compensate for pressure strain.

[0038] Among them, the initial profile parameters refer to the design geometric dimensions of the sealing ring in the unstressed state; the compensation pressure strain represents the preset geometric adjustment to counteract the deformation caused by the working pressure; and the target sealing ring model refers to the CAD model that includes this compensation design for final manufacturing.

[0039] Specifically, this step is the core of achieving design compensation. The drawing engine system uses the pressure data obtained in step S101 to perform finite element analysis on a standard design sealing ring model, accurately predicting its deformation (i.e., strain) under working conditions. Then, the system performs inverse calculations, using the predicted deformation as a correction basis to perform reverse compensation on the profile of the standard model. For example, if the simulation predicts that a certain area will compress inward by 0.1 mm, the system will expand the dimension at that location outward by 0.1 mm when generating the target model. The final generated target sealing ring model is not of standard size in its free state, but it is designed to deform precisely into an ideal shape to achieve optimal sealing performance after installation and under pressure.

[0040] In some embodiments, this step can be implemented in several ways: Optionally, the drawing engine system employs an iterative finite element analysis method, first applying loads to the standard model to analyze strain, then correcting the model based on the strain, and then performing a secondary analysis on the corrected model, iterating in this way until the error between the deformed model and the ideal functional shape is less than a preset threshold; Optionally, the drawing engine system employs a machine learning-based method, training on a large amount of historical simulation data to establish a neural network model that directly maps pressure distribution to dimensional compensation values, thereby quickly generating compensation parameters. It is understood that other methods can also be used to generate the compensation model, which are not limited here.

[0041] S103. Generate an initial cutting path based on the target sealing ring model, and construct a turning time series of the material removal process during turning based on the initial cutting path.

[0042] The initial cutting path refers to the ideal tool path generated based on the contour of the target sealing ring model, without considering machining deformation; the turning time sequence refers to discretizing the continuous cutting process into a series of ordered time points, each time point corresponding to a specific position of the tool and a tiny material removal action.

[0043] Specifically, after obtaining the target sealing ring model with design compensation, the drawing engine system calls its built-in CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing) module. This module first generates an initial toolpath based on the model's geometric contour using standard path generation algorithms (such as constant residual height finishing and contour offset roughing). Next, to simulate the machining process, the system discretizes this continuous path. It sets a series of dense interpolation points along the path and treats the movement from one point to the next as an independent cutting moment. In this way, the entire machining process is constructed as an ordered sequence containing thousands of cutting moments, providing a framework for subsequent point-by-point analysis of workpiece stiffness and deformation.

[0044] In some embodiments, if the time series step size is too large, the simulation accuracy will be insufficient to capture rapid changes in stiffness; if the step size is too small, the computational load will increase dramatically, making the entire process very time-consuming. To address this, the graphics engine system provides a user-adjustable simulation accuracy level (e.g., high, medium, low). This level is internally linked to an adaptive step size control algorithm. This algorithm combines tool radius, path curvature, and material properties to dynamically adjust the discretization step size while ensuring computational accuracy in critical areas (e.g., thin walls, small fillets), thus achieving a good balance between computational efficiency and simulation accuracy.

[0045] S104. At each cutting moment in the turning time sequence, construct the corresponding transient workpiece model based on the geometric topology of the remaining unremoved material.

[0046] Among them, the remaining unremoved material refers to the material remaining after all parts swept by the tool path have been removed from the original bar stock before the current cutting moment; the geometric topology describes the shape, connectivity, and boundaries of this remaining material; the transient workpiece model is the digital CAD model of this geometric topology.

[0047] Specifically, this step is the core of the dynamic simulation. The graphics engine system processes data sequentially, starting from the first cutting moment of the turning time sequence. At each moment, the system performs a Boolean operation: subtracting the volume model swept by the tool up to the current moment from the model representing the original bar stock. The result of this Boolean operation is a geometric model representing the true shape of the workpiece at that moment, i.e., the transient workpiece model. As the time sequence progresses, the tool advances further, removing more material, and the transient workpiece model evolves accordingly, its shape becoming increasingly closer to the final target sealing ring.

[0048] In some embodiments, this step can be implemented in several ways: Optionally, the drawing engine system employs a voxel-based modeling method, dividing the entire machining space into tiny cubic units, and updating the affected voxel state (from "with material" to "without material") at each cutting moment, thereby efficiently constructing a transient model; Optionally, the drawing engine system employs a precise boundary representation (B-Rep) model, performing Boolean operations through a complex geometric modeling kernel to generate a precise transient surface model. It is understood that other methods can also be used to construct the transient model, and this is not limited here.

[0049] In some embodiments, repeatedly performing geometric Boolean operations within a time series containing tens of thousands of cutting moments is computationally expensive, potentially preventing the entire process from being completed within a reasonable timeframe. To address this, the graphics engine system employs an incremental update strategy. Instead of recalculating the Boolean subtraction of the "bar stock-tool path" at every moment, it subtracts only the volume of material removed by the current tiny cutting step from the transient workpiece model of the previous moment. This incremental approach significantly reduces the geometric complexity of each calculation, thereby improving the efficiency of constructing the entire transient workpiece model sequence.

[0050] S105. Calculate the local support stiffness of the transient workpiece model at the current cutting point position.

[0051] Among them, the current cutting point position refers to the theoretical point where the tool tip contacts the transient workpiece model at the current cutting moment; the local support stiffness is a physical quantity used to characterize how much displacement will occur at the current cutting point when a unit force is applied. The larger the value, the less likely the workpiece is to deform.

[0052] Specifically, after constructing the transient workpiece model at the current moment in step S104, the drawing engine system focuses on the cutting point where the tool is about to contact the workpiece. The system applies a virtual unit cutting force at this point (usually in the opposite direction to the cutting speed or perpendicular to the machined surface), and then calculates the displacement at that point using a rapid structural analysis method. The local support stiffness is the ratio of the applied unit force to the calculated displacement. This stiffness value is dynamically changing: in the early stages of machining, the workpiece material is plentiful, resulting in high stiffness; as material is removed, especially when forming thin-walled or cantilever structures, the local support stiffness decreases.

[0053] In some embodiments, this step can be implemented in several ways: Optionally, the drawing engine system employs a simplified finite element method to perform rapid mesh generation and static analysis only on the local area around the cutting point to estimate stiffness; alternatively, the drawing engine system, based on a pre-calculated knowledge base, quickly obtains an approximate stiffness value by looking up a table or using a regression function according to the local geometric characteristics of the current cutting point (such as wall thickness, distance to support points, etc.). It is understood that other methods can also be used to calculate local stiffness, and this is not limited here.

[0054] It should be noted that the calculation of this local support stiffness is achieved by establishing a rapid evaluation model based on geometric features, replacing the time-consuming finite element analysis (FEA) at each cutting moment. The specific process is as follows: First, the system offline constructs a large "geometric feature-stiffness" database. This process procedurally generates tens of thousands of typical transient workpiece geometric segments with different wall thicknesses, fillets, cantilever lengths, and support structures, and performs precise local FEA on multiple key points on each segment to obtain the true stiffness values ​​of these points under specific force directions. Simultaneously, the system extracts a set of easily computed geometric feature vectors for each point, such as: the shortest solid distance from the current point to the workpiece's fixed end (clamping end), the local thickness at the current point's location, the angle between the thickness direction and the cutting force direction, and the surface curvature of the area surrounding the current point. Then, the system uses these "feature vector-true stiffness" data pairs to train a machine learning model, such as a gradient boosting decision tree or Gaussian process regression. In practical applications, at each cutting moment in the turning time series, the system extracts the same geometric feature vector at the current cutting point and inputs it into the pre-trained regression model. The model instantly outputs a predicted local support stiffness value that closely approximates the actual FEA result. For example, when the system detects that the current cutting point is located on a thin wall with a thickness of only 0.5 mm and a distance of 10 mm from the support root, its extracted feature vector will contain this information. Based on the patterns learned from the training data, the regression model may output a lower stiffness value (e.g., 500 N / mm), while when the cutting point is located on a thick workpiece body, the model will output a much higher stiffness value (e.g., 20000 N / mm).

[0055] S106. Establish the mapping relationship between local support stiffness and cutting deflection, and generate deformation compensation parameters distributed along the initial cutting path.

[0056] Among them, the cutting deflection amount refers to the difference between the actual cutting depth and the theoretical cutting depth caused by the deformation of the workpiece under stress; the mapping relationship is a mathematical model or function that describes the relationship that the greater the stiffness, the smaller the cutting deflection amount; the deformation compensation parameter is the additional cutting depth value that needs to be added to offset the cutting deflection amount.

[0057] Specifically, the drawing engine system establishes a relationship between the tool deflection amount and the local support stiffness based on a cutting mechanics model. A simplified model can be: Tool deflection amount = Cutting force / Local support stiffness. The cutting force itself is related to the depth of cut, feed rate, material properties, etc. At each cutting moment, the system uses the local support stiffness calculated in step S105, substitutes it into this mapping relationship, and calculates the expected tool deflection amount at that point. This tool deflection amount is the value that the system needs to compensate for, i.e., the deformation compensation parameter. The compensation parameters calculated at each point in the time series are collected to form a set of dynamically changing compensation value sequences distributed along the initial cutting path.

[0058] It should be noted that the establishment of this mapping relationship is not a simple linear formula, but a multi-dimensional empirical model that integrates cutting parameters, material properties, and workpiece stiffness. Specifically, data is collected through physical experiments or high-precision simulations. In the experiments, specimens made of the target material (such as Shore A70 nitrile rubber) with different known stiffnesses (achieved by changing the thickness or support method of the specimen) are turned. Cutting is performed under multiple combinations of different cutting parameters (such as depth of cut, feed rate, tool rake angle, and clearance angle), and the actual contour of the machined part is measured by a high-precision 3D scanner or contact probe. This is compared with the theoretical contour to accurately calculate the actual "cutting deflection" under various working conditions. This yields a set of raw data points containing "local support stiffness, depth of cut, feed rate, tool geometry - cutting deflection". Then, based on these data, the system uses a multivariate nonlinear regression analysis method to fit an empirical formula or construct a multi-dimensional lookup table. This lookup table uses local support stiffness, planned depth of cut, and other parameters as index dimensions. The values ​​stored in the table are the corresponding predicted tool deflection amounts. For data points not directly included in the table, multidimensional linear or spline interpolation is used for calculation. For example, when the turning time series reaches a certain cutting point, the system calculates that the local support stiffness at that point is 800 N / mm, the planned depth of cut is 0.2 mm, and the feed rate is 0.1 mm / rev. The system then uses this as an index to look up the lookup table and may obtain a predicted tool deflection amount of 0.03 mm. This value becomes the deformation compensation parameter for that point.

[0059] S107. Based on the deformation compensation parameters, the initial cutting path is corrected point by point to generate a tool motion trajectory that includes the variable compensation amount.

[0060] Point-by-point correction refers to adjusting the spatial coordinates of each discrete point on the initial cutting path according to the deformation compensation parameters of that point; variable compensation emphasizes that this compensation is not a fixed value, but dynamically changes along the path; the tool trajectory is the path obtained after correction and is ultimately used to generate CNC code.

[0061] Specifically, the drawing engine system iterates through the deformation compensation parameter sequence generated in step S106. For each point on the initial cutting path, the system reads the corresponding compensation parameter value. Then, the system moves the coordinates of that point inward along the normal direction of the machined surface at that point by a distance equivalent to the compensation parameter value. For example, if the calculated deflection at a point is 0.05mm, the system will adjust the path coordinates of that point inward by 0.05mm, so that the tool "takes in" 0.05mm more during actual machining, thus exactly offsetting the 0.05mm "less" cut due to workpiece deformation. After correcting all points, these new coordinate points are connected to form a final tool movement trajectory containing dynamic compensation.

[0062] In some embodiments, the path after point-by-point correction may exhibit abrupt, uneven cuts or sharp corners, which can cause machine tool vibration during high-speed machining. To address this, after point-by-point correction, the drawing engine system applies a smoothing filtering algorithm. This algorithm examines the rate of curvature change of the corrected path. For points with excessively drastic changes, local smoothing is performed while maintaining the overall trend of the compensation amount. For example, sharp inflection points are replaced with B-spline curves or circular transitions, thereby generating a final toolpath that accurately compensates for deformation and is smooth enough to support stable high-speed machining.

[0063] S108. Generate the target program instructions for CNC machining based on the tool movement trajectory.

[0064] Among them, the target program instruction is the code that the machine tool controller can directly recognize and execute. It is usually a combination of G code and M code, which contains information such as coordinates, feed rate, and spindle speed.

[0065] Specifically, this is the final step from CAM to CNC. The drawing engine system calls a post-processor that matches a specific machine tool controller (such as FANUC or SIEMENS). This post-processor reads the smoothed and compensated tool motion trajectory data generated in step S107 and, combined with user-defined cutting parameters (such as spindle speed and feed rate) and the machine tool's specific instruction format, translates it into lines of CNC code. The output target program instructions not only define the precise geometric path of the tool but also include complete machining logic such as program header, tool selection, coolant switching, and program tail, which can be directly transmitted to the CNC machine tool for execution.

[0066] In some embodiments, this step can be implemented in several ways: Optionally, the drawing engine system provides a universal post-processor, allowing users to customize the output code format through configuration files to adapt to their machine tools; alternatively, the drawing engine system has built-in dedicated post-processors for mainstream CNC systems on the market, allowing users to generate fully compatible program instructions simply by selecting their machine tool model from the list. It is understood that other methods can also be used to generate target program instructions, and this is not limited here.

[0067] In some embodiments, different machine tools have varying capabilities in supporting high-speed, high-precision machining instructions; for example, some older systems may not support spline interpolation. If the generated trajectory contains advanced instructions, it may not be executable or may produce poor results on lower-end machine tools. Therefore, the post-processor configuration of the drawing engine system should include machine tool capability options. When selecting a post-processor, users can check or uncheck options such as "Support spline interpolation" and "Support high-speed, high-precision mode." If the target machine tool does not support it, the post-processor will approximate the smooth curve trajectory with a large number of tiny straight line segments, sacrificing some machining efficiency to ensure the program's compatibility and executability on all target machine tools.

[0068] The following provides a more detailed description of the process of the method provided in this implementation. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 This is another schematic diagram of the drawing processing method for moldless turning in the embodiments of this application.

[0069] S201. Based on the trench size data input by the user, calculate the force values ​​of each area of ​​the trench to obtain the trench pressure distribution data.

[0070] Refer to step S101, which will not be repeated here.

[0071] In some embodiments, the drawing engine system provides intelligent design recommendations and performance pre-evaluation. Specifically, the system determines the size and shape data of multiple candidate sealing rings based on the groove size data input by the user; generates an initial sealing ring model based on the size and shape data, and after annotating the size values ​​on the initial sealing ring model, generates a recommended sealing ring list; obtains the design parameters of each sealing ring in the recommended list, and establishes a finite element analysis mesh based on a preset material physics model; performs transient dynamic simulation analysis in the finite element analysis mesh to obtain stress-strain data and sealing surface contact pressure distribution data of each sealing ring under different working conditions, and generates a performance evaluation report; prioritizes the recommended sealing ring list based on the performance evaluation report, classifies each sealing ring based on historical application data, and updates the display order of the recommended sealing ring list.

[0072] Among them, candidate sealing rings refer to multiple possible design schemes generated by the system based on input conditions; the performance evaluation report is a document that summarizes the simulation analysis results, showing the expected performance of each design scheme with charts and key indicators; the contact pressure distribution of the sealing surface is the core indicator for evaluating sealing performance, and the ideal distribution should be uniform and greater than the pressure of the sealed medium.

[0073] Specifically, this embodiment describes how the system assists users in decision-making during the initial design phase. After the user inputs the groove dimensions, the drawing engine system doesn't wait for the user to design from scratch. Instead, it utilizes its built-in design knowledge base to immediately generate a recommended list containing various standard or commonly used sealing ring types (such as O-rings, U-rings, and V-shaped combination seals). For each candidate in the list, the system performs a simplified finite element analysis in the background, simulating its performance under operating pressure. After the analysis, the system generates a graphical performance report for each solution, visually displaying its maximum stress, maximum strain, and, most importantly, the contact pressure contour map of the sealing surface. Finally, the system sorts the list based on key performance indicators (such as contact pressure uniformity and peak stress magnitude), placing the solution with the best overall performance at the top, thus simplifying the user's selection process.

[0074] In some embodiments, performing a FEA analysis for each solution in the list can be very time-consuming, impacting the user experience. To address this, the graphics engine system employs a tiered simulation strategy. When the user first receives the recommended list, the system performs only one very fast, coarse-mesh simulation for initial sorting, a process that may only take a few seconds. Only when the user hovers over or clicks on a solution of interest will the system initiate a more refined simulation in the background for that solution, updating its detailed performance report a few minutes later.

[0075] S202. Obtain the target material parameters input by the user and construct a standard sealing ring model.

[0076] Among them, the target material parameters refer to the data describing the physical properties of the selected sealing ring material, such as material type (e.g., nitrile rubber NBR, fluororubber FKM), hardness (e.g., Shore A 70), elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, density, etc.; the standard sealing ring model refers to an idealized sealing ring CAD model that has not undergone any deformation compensation and conforms to general design specifications or geometric constraints.

[0077] Specifically, after the drawing engine system completes the groove pressure analysis, the next step is to determine the design of the seal itself. This step is the starting point of the design process. The drawing engine system will prompt the user to select a target material from a preset material library or manually input the key physical parameters of the material. The choice of material is crucial because it directly determines the accuracy of subsequent strain analysis and cutting force calculations. Simultaneously, the system will generate or call a parameterized standard seal model based on the type of groove (e.g., O-ring groove, U-ring groove) and its dimensions. For example, for O-rings, the system will generate a standard O-ring model with a perfectly circular cross-section, whose outer and inner diameters match the groove. This model serves as the benchmark for all subsequent design and manufacturing compensation calculations.

[0078] In some embodiments, this step can be implemented in several ways: Optionally, the drawing engine system provides a database containing hundreds of common sealing materials and their detailed performance parameters, which users can quickly select through filtering or search functions; Optionally, the system provides a parametric modeling interface, where users can not only select standard cross-sections (circular, rectangular, X-shaped), but also define the cross-sectional shape of non-standard sealing rings by drawing two-dimensional sketches, and the system then generates a three-dimensional standard model through rotation or extrusion. It is understood that other methods can also be used to obtain material parameters and build standard models, such as synchronizing material information from an enterprise ERP or PLM system via an API interface; this is not limited here.

[0079] In some cases, users may not be clear which material is best suited for their application. To address this, the drawing engine system's material library not only includes physical parameters but also application information such as oil resistance, temperature range, and abrasion resistance. The system can provide a "material selection wizard" function. After the user inputs application conditions such as the working medium, temperature range, and dynamic / static seals, the wizard will filter and recommend several suitable materials, listing their advantages, disadvantages, and relative costs to assist the user in making more professional decisions, thereby ensuring the rationality of the design from the outset.

[0080] S203. Calculate the deformation of the standard sealing ring model under pressure based on the groove pressure distribution data to obtain the strain data of the standard sealing ring model.

[0081] Among them, deformation refers to the change in the geometry of the model after being subjected to force, which is vector data; the standard sealing ring model is the reference model constructed in step S202; strain data refers to tensor field or scalar field data, such as equivalent strain, which are calculated by methods such as finite element analysis and describe the degree of deformation at each point inside the model.

[0082] Specifically, this step is the first step in design compensation, namely, accurate simulation. The graphics engine system launches its integrated Finite Element Analysis (FEA) module. It first performs high-quality mesh generation on the standard sealing ring model created in step S202, generating a finite element mesh. Then, the groove pressure distribution data calculated in step S201 is applied as boundary conditions to the corresponding surfaces where the sealing ring model contacts the groove. Simultaneously, displacement constraints are set according to the groove geometry (e.g., certain parts of the sealing ring are restricted to movement within the groove). Finally, the nonlinear structural solver is invoked to calculate the equilibrium state of the sealing ring model under these loads and constraints. After the solution is completed, the system extracts the displacement and strain information of each mesh node, forming a complete strain dataset.

[0083] In some embodiments, this step can be implemented in several ways: Optionally, the plotting engine system uses an implicit static solver for calculation, which is suitable for most deformation problems and has high accuracy; alternatively, for complex situations involving large deformations or where the contact state may change drastically, the plotting engine system can switch to an explicit dynamic solver to obtain the final steady-state deformation result by simulating a brief loading process. It is understood that other methods can also be used to calculate strain data, such as using meshless methods to avoid the problems caused by mesh generation, which is not limited here.

[0084] In some embodiments, convergence issues exist in simulation calculations, particularly when dealing with large deformations and complex contact problems in highly elastic materials, where the solver may struggle to find an equilibrium solution. To address this, the FEA module of the graphics engine system incorporates several techniques to enhance convergence. For example, it enables nonlinear geometry switching (NLGEOM); employs advanced contact algorithms, such as the augmented Lagrangian method, and allows for small penetrations to aid convergence; and implements adaptive load step control, reducing load increments during periods of severe deformation. This combination of techniques improves the success rate and robustness of simulations for complex sealing problems.

[0085] S204. Calculate the dimensional compensation value of the standard sealing ring model based on the strain data, and correct the standard sealing ring model according to the dimensional compensation value to generate the target sealing ring model.

[0086] Among them, strain data is the calculation result of step S203; dimensional compensation value refers to the value added or reduced on the original design dimension to offset the expected deformation; target sealing ring model is the final CAD model used for actual machining after applying these compensation values.

[0087] Specifically, after obtaining the strain data of the standard sealing ring, the drawing engine system enters the reverse compensation stage. It traverses the key definition points on the sealing ring profile, reading the displacement vectors of these points that occurred during the simulation in step S203. If the simulation shows that a point moved inward by (dx, dy) after being subjected to force, then when generating the target model, the original coordinates of that point are shifted in the reverse direction by (-dx, -dy). By performing this operation on all points or key control points on the profile, the system constructs a new, compensated profile. Finally, based on this new profile, the system regenerates the 3D model, which is the final target sealing ring model. Its dimensions in the free state appear incorrect, but it is designed to precisely deform into the desired functional shape after installation under pressure.

[0088] In some embodiments, this step can be implemented in several ways: Optionally, the drawing engine system directly performs coordinate reverse displacement on each discrete point constituting the standard model outline, and then reconstructs spline curves or straight line segments using these new points; alternatively, for parametric models, the system does not directly manipulate points, but adjusts key parameters of the model (such as radius, angle, and chamfer size) through optimization algorithms so that the parametric model can best approximate the ideal shape after compression deformation, and better maintain the original design intent. It is understood that other methods can also be used to generate compensation models, which are not limited here.

[0089] In some embodiments, simple reverse displacement compensation may lead to geometric errors in the compensated model, such as self-intersections or excessively sharp corners. For example, a concave fillet may become a convex sharp corner after large reverse compensation. To address this, the graphics engine system performs a geometric validity check after applying the compensation value. It checks the curvature of the corrected contour lines and whether self-intersections exist. If a problem is found, the system initiates a local geometry smoothing and repair procedure. This procedure locally adjusts the problem area while keeping the compensation magnitude roughly unchanged; for example, it replaces sharp corners with smooth spline curves or limits the maximum compensation value to ensure that the generated target sealing ring model is geometrically sound and manufacturable.

[0090] S205. Perform cantilever feature recognition on the target sealing ring model and divide the initial contour parameters of the target sealing ring model into a far-end cantilever region and a near-end support region.

[0091] Among them, the cantilever feature refers to the part in the cross section of the sealing ring where one end is connected to other parts and the other end extends freely, similar to a cantilever beam in an engineering structure, such as a sealing lip; the far-end suspended area refers to the part of the cantilever feature that is far from the support root and has poor rigidity; the near-end support area refers to the relatively thick and rigid main body part that connects to the cantilever feature.

[0092] Specifically, after generating the target sealing ring model for machining, the drawing engine system performs a macroscopic analysis of the machining strategy before planning the toolpath. This step aims to optimize the machining sequence from the perspective of mechanical stability. The system analyzes the two-dimensional cross-sectional profile of the target sealing ring model, identifying thin-walled and cantilever structures through geometric algorithms. For example, the system can calculate the distance from each point on the profile to its "skeleton line," identifying areas with smaller distances as thin-walled regions; or it can locate the end of the cantilever by finding the local minimum thickness point. After identification, the system divides the model's profile parameters into two categories: one is the far-end cantilevered region with poor rigidity and prone to vibration, and the other is the near-end support region providing the main structural support.

[0093] It should be noted that cantilever feature recognition is based on topological analysis of the two-dimensional cross-sectional geometry of the sealing ring. Specifically, the system first rasterizes the input cross-sectional polygon and applies an image processing algorithm called "skeleton extraction" or "central axis transformation." This algorithm processes the shape from the boundary inwards at the same speed, and the intersecting trajectories constitute the skeleton (or central axis) of the shape. This skeleton is a one-dimensional linear structure that accurately reflects the topological morphology of the original cross-section. Next, the system analyzes the graph structure of this skeleton: the endpoints of the skeleton (nodes with a degree of 1) usually correspond to the protruding ends in the original shape, such as the tip of the sealing lip. The bifurcation points of the skeleton (nodes with a degree greater than or equal to 3) or longer skeleton line segments correspond to the main body or supporting parts of the shape. The system traces back along the skeleton from the endpoints inwards, while calculating the minimum distance from each point on the skeleton to the original contour boundary; this distance is the local half-thickness at that location. When the local half-thickness is less than a certain preset threshold (e.g., less than 30% of the average cross-sectional thickness) and the endpoint of the skeleton branch is a free endpoint, the area represented by the branch is identified as a "distal overhang region". Conversely, areas connected to the bifurcation point of the skeleton and with a larger local thickness are classified as "proximal support regions". For example, for a typical U-shaped ring cross-section, its skeleton will present a "Y" shape, with the ends of the two short arms corresponding to the tips of the two sealing lips respectively. Because these areas have a small thickness, they will be identified as distal overhang regions; while the long stem of the "Y" shape corresponds to the base of the U-shaped ring, has a large thickness, and will be identified as a proximal support region.

[0094] In some embodiments, it is necessary to accurately define the boundary between the far and near ends. This boundary is fuzzy rather than a clear line. To address this, the drawing engine system does not employ a rigid binary division, but instead generates a continuous distribution map of a "rigidity index" or "support index." This index integrates factors such as local thickness and distance from the workpiece body. Regions with low indices are defined as the far-end suspended regions of the core, while regions with high indices are the near-end supported regions of the core, with a transition zone in between. When generating timing constraints subsequently, the system ensures that the processing priority of all far-end regions of the core is absolutely higher than that of all near-end regions, while a more flexible sorting strategy can be used for the transition zone, thereby achieving more refined processing sequence optimization.

[0095] S206. Generate the timing constraints of the preset material model during the cutting process, so that the cutting process of the near-end support area is completed after all the cutting steps of the far-end suspended area are completed.

[0096] Among them, the preset material model refers to the original bar stock model used for processing; the timing constraint is a processing logic rule that defines the sequence between different processing operations; the cutting process refers to the specific turning processing steps, such as rough turning or finish turning a certain contour segment.

[0097] Specifically, based on the region division results of step S205, the drawing engine system now needs to translate this mechanical consideration into instructions that the CAM module can understand. The system will generate one or more high-level timing constraint rules. The core rule is: any machining operation that removes material from the near-end support region must be executed later than any machining operation that removes material from the "far-end overhanging region". This constraint is passed to the subsequent toolpath generation module. When the CAM module generates and sequences different cutting operations, it must comply with this constraint. For example, even if turning the root groove first is better from the perspective of the shortest path, if the groove belongs to the near-end support region and the sealing lip belongs to the far-end overhanging region, the system will forcibly generate the toolpath for machining the sealing lip first, and then generate the toolpath for machining the groove.

[0098] In some embodiments, this step can be implemented in several ways: Optionally, the drawing engine system labels the divided regions differently (e.g., "PRIORITY_HIGH" for distant regions and "PRIORITY_LOW" for near regions), and the CAM module prioritizes regions with higher label priorities when sorting processes; Optionally, the system directly generates a directed acyclic graph (DAG), where nodes represent different processing features and edges represent temporal constraints, and the CAM module only needs to perform topological sorting on the graph to obtain the correct processing order. It is understood that other methods can also be used to generate temporal constraints, which are not limited here.

[0099] In some embodiments, overly strict timing constraints can conflict with other machining logic (such as avoiding tool interference and reducing tool changes), leading to unsolvable problems or generating highly inefficient toolpaths. To address this, the rendering engine system employs a weighted multi-objective optimization strategy to generate the final machining sequence. Timing constraints (far end first, near end later) are assigned the highest weight, while optimization objectives such as path length and tool change count are assigned lower weights. When searching for the optimal machining sequence, the optimization algorithm (such as a genetic algorithm or simulated annealing) first ensures that the high-weighted timing constraints are satisfied, and then, under this premise, optimizes other secondary objectives as much as possible. This ensures both machining stability and overall machining efficiency.

[0100] S207-S212: Generate an initial cutting path based on the target sealing ring model, and construct a turning time sequence of material removal during the turning process based on the initial cutting path; at each cutting moment in the turning time sequence, construct a corresponding transient workpiece model based on the geometric topology of the remaining unremoved material; calculate the local support stiffness of the transient workpiece model at the current cutting point; establish a mapping relationship between the local support stiffness and the cutting deflection amount, and generate deformation compensation parameters distributed along the initial cutting path; correct the initial cutting path point by point based on the deformation compensation parameters, and generate a tool motion trajectory containing the variable compensation amount; generate the target program instructions for CNC machining based on the tool motion trajectory.

[0101] Refer to steps S103-S108, which will not be repeated here.

[0102] In some embodiments of step S209, the drawing engine system dynamically calculates the local support stiffness during the cutting process. That is, the drawing engine system determines the main extension direction of the remaining material entity based on the geometric extension trend of the transient workpiece model at the current cutting point; obtains the feed direction of the tool at the current cutting moment, and calculates the geometric angle between the feed direction and the main extension direction; when the geometric angle is in the vicinity of the perpendicular state, it determines that the main force mode of the material at the current cutting point is the bending-dominant mode, and calculates the local support stiffness using the material's bending physical parameters; when the geometric angle is in the vicinity of the parallel state, it determines that the main force mode of the material at the current cutting point is the compression-dominant mode, and calculates the local support stiffness using the material's compressive physical parameters; when the geometric angle is in the intermediate angle range, it weights the bending and compressive physical parameters based on the angle ratio to obtain the local support stiffness.

[0103] Among them, geometric extension trend refers to the main direction of the remaining material in the macroscopic field near the cutting point, such as the wall direction of a thin wall; the main extension direction is the vectorized representation of this trend; the geometric angle is the spatial angle between the tool feed direction vector and the main extension direction vector; the bending physical parameters and the compressive physical parameters are indicators of the material's ability to resist different deformation modes, such as bending modulus and compressive modulus.

[0104] Specifically, at each cutting moment, the graphics engine system does not simply treat the transient workpiece as a directionless whole, but rather meticulously analyzes the local geometry of the cutting point. The system first analyzes the distribution of all points within a small region around the cutting point using algorithms (such as Principal Component Analysis, PCA) to determine its dominant direction of extension. Then, it obtains the current tool movement direction. By calculating the angle between these two direction vectors, the system can determine how the cutting force acts on the workpiece. For example, an angle close to 90 degrees means the tool is "pushing" a structure laterally, primarily causing bending deformation; an angle close to 0 degrees means the tool is "pressing" a structure longitudinally, primarily causing compressive deformation. Based on the determined dominant force pattern, the system retrieves more targeted physical parameters from the material library to calculate stiffness, thus making the stiffness estimation more consistent with physical reality.

[0105] In some embodiments, this step can be implemented in several ways: Optionally, the drawing engine system defines two angle thresholds, for example, [0°, 20°] as the compression-dominant range, [70°, 90°] as the bending-dominant range, and (20°, 70°) as an intermediate state, in which linear interpolation is used to weight the two stiffnesses; Optionally, the system uses a smoother weighting function, such as using cosine... 2 (θ) and sin 2 (θ) serves as a weighting factor (θ being the geometric angle), making the transition from compression mode to bending mode more continuous and avoiding abrupt changes in stiffness calculation. It is understood that other methods can also be used to achieve stiffness calculation based on the force mode; this is not limited here.

[0106] In some embodiments, the graphics engine system employs a multi-scale analysis approach, analyzing not only the points immediately adjacent to the cutting point but also the point cloud distribution over a slightly more distant range. By comparing the main extension directions at different scales, the system can determine whether the current location is on a flat surface (with consistent directions across scales) or in a complex corner or curved transition zone (with inconsistent directions across scales). For regions with clearly defined directions, the calculated directions are used directly; for complex regions with unclear directions, the system can adopt a conservative strategy, such as using the smaller of the bending stiffness and compressive stiffness as the local support stiffness to ensure the safety of the compensation.

[0107] In some embodiments of step S212, the drawing engine system performs material selection and cost optimization. Specifically, the drawing engine system calculates the minimum material diameter requirement based on the outer dimensions of the target sealing ring and filters out a list of candidate materials that meet the processing requirements from the material library according to the minimum material diameter requirement. Based on the cost data and residual material utilization rate of each material in the candidate material list, the system calculates the comprehensive cost of a single sealing ring and determines the target material with the minimum comprehensive cost. Based on the material specification parameters of the target material and the tool movement trajectory, the system generates target program instructions that include the tool path and cutting parameters.

[0108] Among them, the minimum material diameter requirement refers to the diameter of the smallest cylindrical bar that can completely contain the outer contour of the target sealing ring; the candidate material list is the set of all materials in the material library with a diameter greater than or equal to the minimum material diameter requirement; the surplus material utilization rate assesses whether the remaining bar head or tail after processing a part has enough size to process other parts or has other value; the comprehensive cost is the equivalent cost that combines the material procurement cost and the surplus material value.

[0109] Specifically, before generating the final G-code, the drawing engine system first performs material planning. It calculates the maximum outer diameter of the target sealing ring, which is the minimum material diameter requirement. Then, the system scans the inventory material database, filtering out all qualified bar stock to form a candidate list. For each candidate material in the list, the system performs cost analysis: it divides the unit price of the material by the number of parts that can be processed from a single bar stock to obtain the preliminary material cost per part; further analysis of surplus material is conducted. If a thicker bar stock has a higher unit price, but its surplus material can be used for other smaller products, the system will deduct this value from the cost according to preset surplus material value rules. In this way, the "comprehensive cost" of each candidate material is calculated, and the one with the lowest cost is recommended or selected as the target material to maximize economic benefits.

[0110] In some embodiments, the drawing engine system can provide configurable scrap management strategies. Enterprises can set rules based on their own production characteristics. For example, the rules can be set as follows: scrap less than 50mm in length has zero value (considered waste); scrap between 50mm and 200mm in length is valued by multiplying its weight by the scrap recycling unit price; scrap longer than 200mm can be re-entered into the warehouse, with its value calculated at a certain discount (e.g., 80%) of the original price. This flexible configuration of rules allows the calculation of overall costs to align with the enterprise's actual management model, thereby making the optimization results more practically valuable.

[0111] In some embodiments, the drawing engine system performs detailed process path and parameter planning. Specifically, based on the length parameters of the target material, the system calculates the number of seals that can be machined from a single piece of material, and determines the optimal segmentation and cutting positions based on batch requirements, generating a material segmentation scheme. According to the material segmentation scheme, the tool movement trajectory is divided into roughing and finishing paths. The roughing path includes a cutting end face and a reserved allowance contour, while the finishing path includes a finishing reference surface and a finishing contour. Based on the material specifications of the target material, the system calculates the cutting parameters and feed rate for each machining path and generates target program instructions containing spindle speed, feed rate, and tool setting point coordinates. These material specifications include material properties and stiffness characteristics.

[0112] Among them, the material segmentation scheme refers to the planning of how to arrange and cut multiple parts on a long bar; the roughing path is used to quickly remove a large amount of material, and the finishing path is used for final shaping and to ensure accuracy and surface quality; cutting parameters include parameters such as cutting depth and cutting width; the tool setting point coordinates are the reference point positions required for the machine tool to establish the workpiece coordinate system.

[0113] Specifically, the drawing engine system, in conjunction with batch production, calculates the maximum number of parts that can be processed from a single bar stock based on the total length of the bar stock, the required length of a single part, the width of the cutting tool, and the required length for clamping at both ends, and plans the starting and cutting positions for each part. Then, the system breaks down the machining process: generating a roughing path to quickly turn the approximate outline of the part and leave a uniform allowance for finishing; then generating a finishing path to precisely cut to the final dimensions. Most importantly, the system accesses a process expert database to recommend or set optimal cutting parameter combinations (spindle speed, feed rate, etc.) for both roughing and finishing based on the target material's hardness, toughness, thermal conductivity, and other characteristics, maximizing efficiency while ensuring quality. Finally, all this information is integrated by the post-processor to generate a CNC program containing complete process logic.

[0114] In some embodiments, this step can be implemented in several ways: Optionally, the roughing path can employ a simple layer-cutting or contour offset strategy, while the finishing process employs a strategy of making a single cut along the final contour; alternatively, the system can employ a more advanced machining strategy, such as using a large depth of cut and low speed during roughing, and a small depth of cut and high speed during finishing, and adding a semi-finishing operation before finishing to further improve dimensional stability and surface quality. It is understood that other methods can also be used to generate detailed process instructions, such as integrating tool wear monitoring and compensation logic, which is not limited here.

[0115] In this embodiment, by employing a dual compensation mechanism combining pressure strain compensation in the design phase and cutting deformation compensation in the manufacturing phase, supplemented by intelligent processing sequence optimization, material cost optimization, and process parameter self-learning, this application provides a complete solution from customer needs to high-precision finished product delivery. It effectively solves multiple problems faced by the manufacturing of customized flexible sealing rings in the prior art, such as reliance on experience for design compensation, difficulty in controlling processing accuracy, low production efficiency, and serious material waste. Furthermore, it achieves intelligent, precise, and economical moldless turning processes, not only improving the quality and reliability of complex sealing products but also shortening the R&D and production cycle and reducing overall costs.

[0116] The following description of the graphics engine system in the embodiments of this invention is from a hardware processing perspective. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the physical device structure of a drawing engine system in an embodiment of this application.

[0117] It should be noted that, Figure 3 The structure of the drawing engine system shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitations on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0118] like Figure 3 As shown, the graphics engine system includes a CPU 301, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on a program stored in ROM 302 or a program loaded from storage section 308 into RAM 303, such as executing the methods described in the above embodiments. RAM 303 also stores various programs and data required for system operation. The CPU 301, ROM 302, and RAM 303 are interconnected via bus 304. I / O interface 305 is also connected to bus 304.

[0119] The following components are connected to I / O interface 305: input section 306 including audio input devices, push-button switches, etc.; output section 307 including liquid crystal display (LCD) and audio output devices, indicator lights, etc.; storage section 308 including hard disks, etc.; and communication section 309 including network interface cards such as LAN (Local Area Network) cards, modems, etc. Communication section 309 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. Drive 310 is also connected to I / O interface 305 as needed. Removable media 311, such as disks, optical disks, magneto-optical disks, semiconductor memories, etc., are installed on drive 310 as needed so that computer programs read from them can be installed into storage section 308 as needed.

[0120] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing computer programs for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication section 309, and / or installed from removable medium 311. When the computer program is executed by CPU 301, it performs the various functions defined in the present invention.

[0121] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. Each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, program segment, or portion of code, which contains one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those shown in the drawings.

[0122] Specifically, the drawing engine system of this embodiment includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the drawing processing method for moldless turning provided in the above embodiment.

[0123] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the graphics engine system described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the graphics engine system. The storage medium carries one or more computer programs that, when executed by a processor of the graphics engine system, cause the graphics engine system to implement the drawing processing method for moldless turning provided in the above embodiments.

[0124] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0125] As used in the above embodiments, depending on the context, the term "when..." can be interpreted as meaning "if...", "after...", "in response to determining...", or "in response to detecting...". Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "when determining..." or "if (the stated condition or event) is interpreted as meaning "if determining...", "in response to determining...", "when (the stated condition or event) is detected", or "in response to detecting (the stated condition or event)".

Claims

1. A drawing processing method for moldless turning, characterized in that, Applied to a graphics engine system, the method includes: Based on the trench size data input by the user, the stress values ​​of each area of ​​the trench are calculated to obtain the trench pressure distribution data; Based on the groove pressure distribution data, the initial contour parameters of the sealing ring are determined, and a target sealing ring model for compensating for pressure strain is generated. An initial cutting path is generated based on the target sealing ring model, and a turning time sequence of the material removal process during turning is constructed based on the initial cutting path. At each cutting moment in the turning time sequence, a corresponding transient workpiece model is constructed based on the geometric topology of the remaining unremoved material; Calculate the local support stiffness of the transient workpiece model at the current cutting point; the local support stiffness characterizes the structural support capability of the remaining material at the current cutting point; Establish the mapping relationship between the local support stiffness and the cutting deflection amount, and generate deformation compensation parameters distributed along the initial cutting path; Based on the deformation compensation parameters, the initial cutting path is corrected point by point to generate a tool motion trajectory that includes the variable compensation amount. Based on the tool movement trajectory, the target program instructions for CNC machining are generated.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the initial contour parameters of the sealing ring based on the groove pressure distribution data and generating a target sealing ring model to compensate for pressure strain specifically includes: Obtain the target material parameters input by the user and construct a standard sealing ring model; Based on the groove pressure distribution data, the deformation of the standard sealing ring model under pressure is calculated to obtain the strain data of the standard sealing ring model. The dimensional compensation value of the standard sealing ring model is calculated based on the strain data, and the standard sealing ring model is corrected according to the dimensional compensation value to generate the target sealing ring model.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the local support stiffness of the transient workpiece model at the current cutting point position specifically includes: Based on the geometric extension trend of the transient workpiece model at the current cutting point, determine the main extension direction of the remaining material entity; Obtain the feed direction of the tool at the current cutting moment, and calculate the geometric angle between the feed direction and the extension direction of the main body; When the geometric angle is within the range of the vertical state, the main force mode of the material at the current cutting point is determined to be the bending-dominant mode, and the local support stiffness is calculated using the material's bending physical parameters. When the geometric angles are within the range of parallel states, the main force mode of the material at the current cutting point is determined to be the compression-dominated mode, and the local support stiffness is calculated using the material's compressive physical parameters. When the included geometric angle is within the intermediate angle range, the bending physical parameter and the compressive physical parameter are weighted based on the included angle ratio to obtain the local support stiffness.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the steps of generating an initial cutting path based on the target sealing ring model and constructing a turning time sequence of the material removal process during turning based on the initial cutting path, the method further includes: The target sealing ring model is subjected to cantilever feature recognition, and the initial contour parameters of the target sealing ring model are divided into a distal cantilever region and a proximal support region. Generate a preset material model with timing constraints during the cutting process, so that the cutting of the near-end support area is completed after all the cutting steps of the far-end suspended area are completed.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating the target program instructions for CNC machining based on the tool movement trajectory specifically includes: The minimum material diameter requirement is calculated based on the outer dimensions of the target sealing ring, and a list of candidate materials that meet the processing requirements is selected from the material library according to the minimum material diameter requirement. Based on the cost data and surplus material utilization rate of each material in the candidate material list, the comprehensive cost of a single sealing ring is calculated, and the target material with the lowest comprehensive cost is determined. Based on the material specifications of the target material and the tool movement trajectory, a target program instruction containing the tool path and cutting parameters is generated.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of generating target program instructions containing tool path and cutting parameters based on the material specifications of the target material and the tool movement trajectory specifically includes: Based on the length parameters of the target material, the number of sealing rings that can be processed from a single material is calculated, and the optimal segmentation and cutting position is determined in combination with batch requirements to generate a material segmentation scheme. According to the material segmentation scheme, the tool movement trajectory is divided into a roughing path and a finishing path; the roughing path includes the cutting end face and the reserved allowance contour, and the finishing path includes the finishing reference surface and the finishing contour. Based on the material specifications of the target material, the cutting parameters and feed rate of each machining path are calculated, and target program instructions containing spindle speed, feed rate and tool setting point coordinates are generated; the material specifications include material properties and stiffness characteristics.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the step of calculating the stress values ​​of each region of the trench based on the trench size data input by the user to obtain the trench pressure distribution data, the method further includes: Based on the groove size data input by the user, determine the size and shape data of the multiple candidate sealing rings; An initial model of the sealing ring is generated based on the size data and the shape data, and after marking the size values ​​on the initial model of the sealing ring, a recommended list of sealing rings is generated. Obtain the design parameters of each sealing ring in the recommended sealing ring list, and establish a finite element analysis mesh based on the preset material physics model; Transient dynamic simulation analysis is performed in the finite element analysis mesh to obtain stress and strain data and contact pressure distribution data of each sealing ring under different working conditions, and a performance evaluation report is generated. The recommended list of sealing rings is prioritized based on the performance evaluation report, and each sealing ring is categorized based on historical application data. The display order of the recommended list of sealing rings is then updated.

8. A graphics engine system, characterized in that, The graphics engine system includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to cause the graphics engine system to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, characterized in that, When the instructions are executed on the graphics engine system, the graphics engine system performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, When the computer program product is run on the graphics engine system, the graphics engine system performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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