Breaking and mixing knife and method for dead livestock and poultry

Abstract

The invention discloses a dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing cutter and method, the dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing cutter is installed in a dead livestock and poultry compost reactor and is arranged opposite to a fixed cutter of the dead livestock and poultry compost reactor, and the dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing cutter comprises a power output shaft connected with a driving device of the dead livestock and poultry compost reactor; the push plate is mounted at one end of the power output shaft; crushing teeth are arranged at the bottom end of the push plate and matched with the fixed cutter to extrude and damage large materials, and primary crushing of the materials is completed. One end of the cutter shaft is connected with the push plate, blades are installed on one side of the cutter shaft, and the blades comprise an upper stirring blade, a middle stirring blade and a lower stirring blade which are sequentially arranged and connected in the axis direction of the cutter shaft; the cutter shaft and the blades are matched to enable the materials to form up-down convection and shear flow, and efficient mixing of the materials is achieved. The invention further discloses a dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing method so as to realize integration of crushing and mixing of dead livestock and poultry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technology of composting dead livestock and poultry, and in particular to a dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing knife and method for crushing and mixing dead livestock and poultry. Background Technology

[0002] The lack of practical technologies for the harmless disposal of dead livestock and poultry makes daily livestock and poultry management difficult. Dead livestock and poultry pose a significant potential threat to the environment, public health, and animal health, and improper disposal causes a series of serious harms to life and health. Traditional methods of disposing of dead livestock and poultry, such as incineration and landfill, not only occupy land but may also cause environmental pollution. Composting technology, as an environmentally friendly and sustainable method, can convert dead livestock and poultry into organic fertilizer, achieving resource recycling. A dead livestock and poultry composting reactor is a type of equipment that can convert dead livestock and poultry into high-quality fertilizer, realizing the resource utilization of dead livestock and poultry and reducing the risk of environmental pollution. Existing dead livestock and poultry composting reactors lack the blades for crushing dead livestock and poultry, or have only a single-stage crushing capability. Their mixing capacity within the reactor is insufficient, failing to create comprehensive convection and shearing motion, leading to uneven composting and other adverse phenomena. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing knife and method, which addresses the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing blade, installed in a dead livestock and poultry composting reactor and disposed opposite to a fixed blade of the reactor, wherein the dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing blade comprises:

[0005] The power output shaft is connected to the drive device of the dead livestock and poultry composting reactor;

[0006] A pusher plate is installed at one end of the power output shaft; the bottom end of the pusher plate is provided with crushing teeth, which cooperate with the fixed blade to crush large pieces of material, completing the primary crushing of the material; and

[0007] The cutter shaft is connected to the push plate at one end, and a blade is installed on one side of the cutter shaft. The blade includes an upper stirring blade, a middle stirring blade, and a lower stirring blade arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the cutter shaft. The cutter shaft and the blade work together to make the material form an upward and downward convection and shear flow, thereby achieving efficient mixing of the material.

[0008] In the aforementioned dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing blade, the bottom of the push plate is provided with an opening for the fixed blade to pass through, and the fixed blade passes through the opening to complete further crushing of the material.

[0009] The aforementioned dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing knife has a first opening and a second opening at the bottom of the push plate. The first opening is 220mm away from the rotation center, and the second opening is 110mm away from the rotation center.

[0010] In the aforementioned dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing blade, the first opening cooperates with the fixed blade to complete the secondary crushing of the material, and the second opening cooperates with the fixed blade to complete the tertiary crushing of the material, thereby achieving the final particle diameter of the material.

[0011] In the aforementioned dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing knife, the first opening is a trapezoidal structure and the second opening is a rectangular structure; or both the first opening and the second opening are isosceles trapezoidal structures.

[0012] In the aforementioned dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing blade, the side of the push plate away from the power output shaft forms a 70° angle with the horizontal direction.

[0013] In the aforementioned dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing knife, the angle between the upper surface of the push plate and the horizontal plane is 10° to 15°.

[0014] The aforementioned dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing knife, wherein the crushing teeth are right-angled triangular prism structures, and a pair of the crushing teeth with a distance of 280mm are respectively provided at the bottom end of the push plate.

[0015] The aforementioned dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing blade has the following characteristics: the axis of the blade shaft is a conical helix with a helix angle of 60°; the bottom radius of the blade shaft is 0.25m; the top radius of the blade shaft is 1.15m; the upper stirring blade is bent downwards at 15°; the middle stirring blade has a triangular plate structure; and the width of the lower stirring blade gradually increases from bottom to top.

[0016] To better achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a method for crushing and mixing dead livestock and poultry, wherein the above-mentioned crushing and mixing blade for dead livestock and poultry is used to achieve integrated crushing and mixing of dead livestock and poultry, including the following steps:

[0017] S100: The pusher plate crushes large pieces of material to their final particle diameter through relative motion with the fixed blade.

[0018] S200. During the rotation of the pusher plate, the crushing teeth, in cooperation with the fixed blades, squeeze and break the material, completing the primary crushing of the material; the two sets of fixed blades at the bottom pass through the corresponding pusher plate openings, completing the secondary and tertiary crushing of the material; and

[0019] The S300, cutter shaft, and blades tumble and mix the crushed material, completing the vertical convection and shear flow during the material movement process, thus achieving material crushing and efficient mixing.

[0020] The technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] This invention integrates crushing and mixing functions and is suitable for use in dead livestock and poultry composting reactors. It solves the problems of low crushing and mixing efficiency and poor effect of existing dead livestock and poultry composting reactors.

[0022] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing blade according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a pusher plate structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a crushing tooth structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a cutter shaft structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upper stirring blade structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stirring blade according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lower stirring blade structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Among them, the attached figures are labeled

[0031] 1. Breaking tooth

[0032] 2 Lower blades

[0033] 3-blade stirrer

[0034] 4 upper stirring blades

[0035] 5-axis tool

[0036] 6 push plates

[0037] 7 Power Take-Off Shaft Detailed Implementation

[0038] The structural and working principles of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0039] See Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. The dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing blade of the present invention is installed in a dead livestock and poultry composting reactor and is positioned opposite to the fixed blade of the reactor. The dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing blade includes: a power output shaft 7 connected to the drive device of the dead livestock and poultry composting reactor; a push plate 6 installed at one end of the power output shaft 7; the bottom end of the push plate 6 is provided with crushing teeth 1, which cooperate with the fixed blade to crush large pieces of material, completing the primary crushing of the material; and a blade shaft 5, one end connected to the push plate 6, with blades installed on one side of the blade shaft 5. The blades include an upper stirring blade 4, a middle stirring blade 3, and a lower stirring blade 2 arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the blade shaft 5. The blade shaft 5 and the blades cooperate to create vertical convection and shear flow in the material, achieving efficient mixing of the material.

[0040] See Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a pusher plate 6 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the pusher plate 6 has an opening at its bottom for the fixed blade to pass through, allowing the fixed blade to further crush the material. The bottom of the pusher plate 6 has a first opening and a second opening. The first opening is 220mm from the rotation center, and the second opening is 110mm from the rotation center. The first opening, in conjunction with the fixed blade, completes secondary crushing of the material, and the second opening, in conjunction with the fixed blade, completes tertiary crushing of the material, achieving the final particle diameter. The first opening is preferably trapezoidal, and the second opening is preferably rectangular; or both the first and second openings are preferably isosceles trapezoidal, meaning the bottom of the pusher plate 6 has rectangular and isosceles trapezoidal notches at distances of 110mm and 220mm from the rotation center, respectively. The side of the pusher plate 6 away from the power output shaft 7 preferably forms an angle of 70° with the horizontal direction. The angle between the upper surface of the pusher plate 6 and the horizontal plane is 10° to 15°, preferably 13°.

[0041] See Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing tooth 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The crushing tooth 1 discussed in this embodiment is a right-angled triangular prism structure, installed with the right-angled side facing upwards, and preferably has a thickness of 20mm. A pair of the crushing teeth 1 are respectively provided at the bottom end of the push plate 6, and the distance between the two is preferably 280mm.

[0042] See Figures 4-7 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter shaft 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upper stirring blade 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stirring blade 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the lower stirring blade 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the axis of the blade shaft 5 is preferably a conical helix with a helix angle of 60°. The bottom radius of the blade shaft 5 is preferably 0.25m, and the top radius of the blade shaft 5 is preferably 1.15m. Preferably, the upper stirring blade 4 is bent downward at 15° to optimize the stress distribution. The middle stirring blade 3 is preferably a triangular plate structure, connected to the lower stirring blade 2 on the left and the upper stirring blade 4 on the right, with its top connected to the blade shaft 5. Preferably, the width of the lower stirring blade 2 gradually increases from bottom to top to improve the stress distribution. The upper stirring blade 4 and the lower stirring blade 2 each have a notch that can cooperate with the fixed blade to generate convective motion of the material in the reactor. The arrangement of the blade shaft 5 and the blades enables the material to form vertical convection and shear flow, achieving efficient mixing of the material.

[0043] During operation, the pusher plate 6 crushes the material through relative movement with the bottom fixed blades. As the pusher plate 6 rotates, the crushing teeth 1 on it, in conjunction with the fixed blades, compress and break large pieces of material, completing the primary crushing. The two sets of fixed blades at the bottom pass through the notches in the pusher plate 6, completing the fine crushing of the material in this process. The two sets of fixed blades at the bottom are at different distances from the rotation center O. The ones farther from the rotation center have relatively smaller crushing forces and relatively larger gaps with the pusher plate 6, resulting in relatively larger material particles, completing the secondary crushing. The fixed blades are closer to the rotation center, obtaining larger crushing forces, and the gap with the pusher plate 6 is 2cm, further finely crushing the material particles to their final particle diameter, completing the tertiary crushing of the aggregate. This multi-stage crushing achieves efficient crushing of dead livestock and poultry. The crushed material is lifted up by the cutter shaft 5 and the blades at the bottom. After reaching the highest point, it collapses downward under the action of gravity, realizing the up-and-down mixing of the material. Through the intersection of the blade notch and the fixed blade on the side wall, a shearing motion is formed during the material movement, realizing the integrated function of crushing and mixing dead livestock and poultry.

[0044] The dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing method of the present invention uses the above-mentioned dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing blade to achieve integrated crushing and mixing of dead livestock and poultry, and includes the following steps:

[0045] In step S100, the pusher plate 6 crushes large pieces of material to the final required particle diameter through relative movement with the fixed blade.

[0046] In step S200, during the rotation of the pusher plate 6, the crushing teeth 1, in cooperation with the fixed blades, squeeze and break the material, completing the primary crushing of the material; the two sets of fixed blades at the bottom pass through the corresponding openings of the pusher plate 6, completing the secondary and tertiary crushing of the material; and

[0047] In step S300, the cutter shaft 5 and the blades tumble and stir the crushed material, completing the vertical convection and shear flow during the material movement process, thus achieving material crushing and efficient mixing.

[0048] This invention solves the problem that existing livestock and poultry composting reactors use blades with limited functionality, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve efficient crushing and mixing of materials within the reactor. The push plate 6 is fixedly connected to crushing teeth 1, a power output shaft 7, and a cutter shaft 5. The cutter shaft 5 is fixedly connected to upper, middle, and lower stirring blades 2. The bottom of the push plate 6 has notches at different distances from the rotation center. The cutter shaft 5 is a conical spiral with an equal elliptic angle. The upper and lower stirring blades 2 each have a notch. The push plate 6 and crushing teeth 1, in conjunction with the fixed blades, achieve three-stage crushing of the compost material, enabling efficient crushing. The rotation of the stirring blades generates strong vertical convection in the compost material, and the notches on the stirring blades, in conjunction with the fixed blades, create convective motion within the reactor. The rational structure allows for efficient multi-stage crushing of materials within the reactor, resulting in strong convective and shearing motion, thus achieving efficient mixing of the compost material.

[0049] Of course, the present invention may have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing blade, installed in a dead livestock and poultry composting reactor and arranged opposite to a fixed blade in the reactor, characterized in that, The dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing knife includes: The power output shaft is connected to the drive device of the dead livestock and poultry composting reactor; A pusher plate is installed at one end of the power output shaft; the bottom end of the pusher plate is provided with crushing teeth, which cooperate with the fixed blade to crush large pieces of material, completing the primary crushing of the material; and The cutter shaft is connected to the push plate at one end, and a blade is installed on one side of the cutter shaft. The blade includes an upper stirring blade, a middle stirring blade, and a lower stirring blade arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the cutter shaft. The cutter shaft and the blade work together to make the material form an upward and downward convection and shear flow, thereby achieving efficient mixing of the material.

2. The dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing knife as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the pusher plate is provided with an opening for the fixed blade to pass through, and the fixed blade passes through the opening to further crush the material.

3. The dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing knife as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the push plate is provided with a first opening and a second opening. The first opening is 220mm away from the rotation center, and the second opening is 110mm away from the rotation center.

4. The dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing knife as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first opening cooperates with the fixed blade to complete the secondary crushing of the material, and the second opening cooperates with the fixed blade to complete the tertiary crushing of the material, achieving the final particle diameter of the material.

5. The dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing knife as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first opening is a trapezoidal structure and the second opening is a rectangular structure; or both the first opening and the second opening are isosceles trapezoidal structures.

6. The dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing knife as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the push plate away from the power output shaft forms a 70° angle with the horizontal direction.

7. The dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing knife as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the upper surface of the push plate and the horizontal plane is 10° to 15°.

8. The dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing knife as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing teeth are right-angled triangular prisms, and a pair of crushing teeth with a distance of 280mm are respectively provided at the bottom of the push plate.

9. The dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing knife as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The axis of the cutter shaft is a conical helix with a helix angle of 60°. The bottom radius of the cutter shaft is 0.25m, the top radius of the cutter shaft is 1.15m, the upper part of the upper stirring blade is bent downward at 15°, the middle stirring blade is a triangular plate structure, and the width of the lower stirring blade gradually increases from bottom to top.

10. A method for crushing and mixing dead livestock and poultry, characterized in that, The method of integrating the crushing and mixing of dead livestock and poultry using the dead livestock and poultry crushing and mixing blade according to any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S100: The pusher plate crushes large pieces of material to their final particle diameter through relative motion with the fixed blade. S200. During the rotation of the push plate, the crushing teeth, in cooperation with the fixed blades, squeeze and break the material, completing the first-stage crushing of the material; the two sets of fixed blades at the bottom pass through the corresponding push plate openings, respectively, to complete the second-stage and third-stage crushing of the material. as well as The S300, cutter shaft, and blades tumble and mix the crushed material, completing the vertical convection and shear flow during the material movement process, thus achieving material crushing and efficient mixing.

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