Building sound insulation material based on composite nano material reinforcement and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, in particular to a building sound insulation material reinforced based on a composite nanomaterial and a preparation method of the building sound insulation material. The building sound insulation material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of polypropylene resin, 10-20 parts of a functional additive, 3-8 parts of a compatilizer, 3-5 parts of a nano additive, 0.3-0.8 part of an antioxidant and 0.5-1.5 parts of a lubricant. According to the invention, the flaky carboxyl iron powder generates remarkable magnetic hysteresis loss and eddy-current loss through the specific soft magnetic performance under the alternating stress and weak magnetic field caused by sound waves, low-frequency sound energy is directly converted into heat energy to be dissipated, and the cordierite micro powder provides a rigid micron and submicron hierarchical pore framework, so that the heat dissipation performance of the material is improved. The abundant pore interface greatly increases the complexity and scattering probability of a sound wave propagation path, medium-high frequency sound energy is efficiently absorbed, and a multi-coupled collaborative network is formed, so that the sound insulation performance of the material is remarkably improved in a broadband range from low frequency to high frequency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of composite material technology, specifically to a building sound insulation material reinforced with composite nanomaterials and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With social progress and economic development, people's living standards have continuously improved, and they have also come to define the quality of their housing environment in a new way. Nowadays, when choosing a home, people have increasingly higher requirements for insulation, noise reduction, and heat insulation. Therefore, research on sound insulation materials for buildings has become a hot topic in the field of sound insulation materials in recent years. Polypropylene, as a general-purpose thermoplastic resin, is widely used in construction, packaging, automotive, and other industries due to its low cost, ease of processing, and balanced overall performance. In the existing technology, conventional polypropylene materials have low density and insufficient internal damping, so their inherent sound insulation performance is difficult to meet the actual needs. In order to improve their sound insulation performance, common technical means often use a high proportion of heavy inorganic fillers. However, the introduction of a large amount of fillers can easily lead to an increase in the brittleness of the composite material and a decrease in impact toughness.

[0003] Based on this, the present invention provides a building sound insulation material reinforced with composite nanomaterials and its preparation method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a building sound insulation material based on composite nanomaterials and its preparation method. The building sound insulation material prepared by this invention not only has good sound insulation performance, but also excellent mechanical properties, significantly improving the overall performance and practicality of building sound insulation materials.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a building sound insulation material reinforced with composite nanomaterials, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of polypropylene resin, 10-20 parts of functional additives, 3-8 parts of compatibilizer, 3-5 parts of nano-additives, 0.3-0.8 parts of antioxidant, and 0.5-1.5 parts of lubricant; The functional additive is prepared by dry mixing of pretreated flake carboxylated iron powder and pretreated cordierite micro powder, with a mass ratio of 1:1.5-2.5. The nano-additive is nano-silicon carbide powder modified by sodium silicate coating.

[0006] Preferably, the pretreatment method for the flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder is as follows: the flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder is placed in a fluidized bed reactor, heated to 160-180°C under nitrogen protection, and a nitrogen mixture containing 0.8-1.2% oxygen and triethyl phosphate vapor by volume is introduced. The mixture is treated for 20-24 hours to obtain a first intermediate. Subsequently, the first intermediate is placed in a high-speed mixer, and zinc stearate, a composite coupling agent, and polypropylene wax are added sequentially. The mixture is heated and stirred in stages, cooled, and then passed through a 250-mesh sieve to complete the pretreatment of the flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder.

[0007] Preferably, the particle size D50 of the flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder is 10-12 μm, and the aspect ratio is greater than 25:1. The composite coupling agent is a mixture of aluminate coupling agent DL-411 and silane coupling agent KH-550 in a mass ratio of 2:1. The mass ratio of the first intermediate, zinc stearate, composite coupling agent and polypropylene wax is 1:0.0018-0.0050:0.0095-0.0180:0.0028-0.0060.

[0008] Preferably, the pretreatment method for the cordierite powder is as follows: The cordierite powder is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 800-850°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min, and calcined at this temperature for 2-3 hours. Then, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain a second intermediate. The second intermediate is mixed with ammonium bicarbonate, followed by the addition of deionized water and stirring. Finally, it is dried at 115-125°C for 6-8 hours to obtain a third intermediate. The third intermediate is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 500-550°C at a heating rate of 3°C / min, and calcined at this temperature for 2-3 hours. After calcining at a warm temperature for 1-2 hours and cooling to room temperature, a fourth intermediate is obtained. The fourth intermediate is added to an ethanol aqueous solution and ultrasonically dispersed for 30-40 minutes. Then, 1-1.5% of the cordierite powder mass of silane coupling agent KH-550 is added. The mixture is stirred at 200-300 r / min for 2-3 hours at 60-70℃. The solid is then filtered and washed 3-5 times with deionized water. After drying at 60℃ for 4-5 hours, the mixture is finally ground through a 200-mesh sieve to complete the triple treatment of cordierite micro powder.

[0009] Preferably, in the preparation of the third intermediate, the mass ratio of the second intermediate, ammonium bicarbonate and deionized water is 5:1:1-2.5, the stirring speed is 100-300 r / min for 10-30 min, and the ethanol aqueous solution is prepared by mixing ethanol and water in a volume ratio of 8:2.

[0010] Preferably, the compatibilizer is maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene with a grafting rate of 0.8%, the lubricant is calcium stearate, and the antioxidant is prepared by mixing antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the nano-auxiliary agent is as follows: Nano-silicon carbide powder is dispersed in an ethanol-water mixed solution and ultrasonically dispersed for 30-40 min to obtain a dispersion. Then, under a stirring speed of 300-400 r / min, the temperature is raised to 60-80℃, and a 0.5 mol / L sodium silicate aqueous solution is added dropwise at a rate of 2-3 mL / min. Subsequently, a 1.0 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid solution is added dropwise to adjust the pH to 8-9. The reaction is carried out for 2-4 h, and after cooling to room temperature, a reaction solution is obtained. The reaction solution is vacuum filtered, and the filter cake is collected. The filter cake is washed 3-5 times alternately with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water. Then, it is placed in a forced-air drying oven and dried at 105℃ for 6-8 h. Finally, it is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 450-500℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min under a nitrogen atmosphere. After calcination at this temperature for 1-2 h, it is cooled to room temperature with the furnace, pulverized, and passed through a 300-mesh sieve to complete the preparation of the nano-auxiliary agent.

[0012] Preferably, in the preparation process of the nano-auxiliary agent, the volume ratio of the nano-silicon carbide powder to the ethanol-water mixed solution is 1:10-12, the ethanol-water mixed solution is prepared by mixing ethanol and deionized water at a volume ratio of 4:1, and the mass ratio of the nano-silicon carbide powder to the sodium silicate aqueous solution is 1:2.

[0013] Preferably, in the pretreatment process of the flake carboxylated iron powder, the stepwise heating and stirring are as follows: stirring at 800-1200 r / min for 5-15 min at 60-80℃, then raising the temperature to 100-120℃ and continuing to stir at 1200-1500 r / min for 15-30 min, and finally raising the temperature to 130-150℃ and maintaining stirring for 5-10 min.

[0014] A method for preparing building sound insulation materials reinforced with composite nanomaterials includes the following steps: Step 1: Add polypropylene resin, functional additives, compatibilizers, antioxidants, lubricants, and nano-additives to a high-speed mixer and mix at room temperature for 5-10 minutes to obtain a mixture; Step 2: Place the mixture in a twin-screw extruder, set the extrusion temperature to 180-210℃, the screw speed to 200-400 r / min, and the vacuum exhaust to -0.05 to -0.08 MPa. Then, water-cool the extruded strip and cut it into pellets to obtain sound insulation material masterbatch. The masterbatch is then injection molded or compression molded to complete the preparation of building sound insulation material.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In this invention, the flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder in the functional additives, through its unique soft magnetic properties, generates significant hysteresis loss and eddy current loss under the alternating stress and weak magnetic field induced by sound waves, directly converting low-frequency sound energy into heat dissipation. Cordierite micro powder provides a rigid micron and submicron level multi-level porous framework, whose abundant pore interfaces greatly increase the complexity of the sound wave propagation path and the scattering probability, efficiently absorbing mid-to-high frequency sound energy. Nano-silicon carbide, with its high specific surface area and excellent dispersibility, can fill the tiny pores inside the matrix, reducing the refraction and scattering loss of sound waves in the pores. The three are tightly bonded under the bridging effect of the compatibilizer, forming a multi-coupled synergistic network, which significantly improves the sound insulation performance of the material in a wide frequency range from low to high frequencies.

[0016] 2. In this invention, the functional additives, through the passivation effect of the surface iron phosphate and iron oxide composite layer and the three-step coating system of zinc stearate, composite coupling agent and polypropylene wax, enable the flake carboxylated iron powder to have excellent dispersibility and interfacial adhesion. After the cordierite micro powder is activated at high temperature and pore-forming with ammonium bicarbonate, its surface and pore inner wall are fully modified by silane coupling agent, which enhances the chemical bonding with the matrix, effectively bears and transmits external stress, and can also form a continuous mechanical transmission network inside the material. At the same time, the nano-silicon carbide in the nano-additives, whose surface is coated with silica layer has good compatibility with the matrix, is uniformly dispersed in the matrix at the nanoscale, and can produce a strong pinning effect, which greatly restricts the movement of polymer molecular chain segments, thereby significantly improving the mechanical properties of the material.

[0017] 3. In this invention, after surface modification, the flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder and cordierite micro powder form a stable interface structure with the matrix, which can effectively suppress interface debonding and microcrack propagation caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficients. The nano-silicon carbide powder itself has extremely high thermal conductivity, and the silica layer coated on its surface further enhances its compatibility with the polymer matrix. This not only improves the overall thermal diffusion efficiency of the material and reduces the accumulation of local thermal stress, but also significantly suppresses the thermal motion and creep tendency of polymer molecular chains during the heating process through a strong nano-pinning effect, thereby greatly increasing the heat distortion temperature of the material. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flowchart of a building sound insulation material based on composite nanomaterials. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the raw materials used in the following embodiments are all commercially available.

[0021] Example 1: A building sound insulation material reinforced with composite nanomaterials, composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts polypropylene resin, 10 parts functional additives, 3 parts compatibilizer, 3 parts nano-additives, 0.3 parts antioxidant and 0.5 parts lubricant; The functional additive is prepared by dry mixing of pretreated flake carboxylated iron powder and pretreated cordierite micro powder in a mass ratio of 1:1.5. The nano-additive is a nano-silicon carbide powder modified by sodium silicate coating.

[0022] The pretreatment method for flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder is as follows: The flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder is placed in a fluidized bed reactor and heated to 160°C under nitrogen protection. A nitrogen mixture containing 0.8% oxygen and triethyl phosphate vapor by volume is introduced and treated for 20 hours to obtain the first intermediate. Subsequently, the first intermediate is placed in a high-speed mixer, and zinc stearate, composite coupling agent and polypropylene wax are added in sequence. The mixture is heated and stirred in steps, cooled and passed through a 250-mesh sieve to complete the pretreatment of the flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder.

[0023] The particle size D50 of the flake carboxyl iron powder is 10 μm, and the aspect ratio is greater than 25:1. The composite coupling agent is a mixture of aluminate coupling agent DL-411 and silane coupling agent KH-550 in a mass ratio of 2:1. The mass ratio of the first intermediate, zinc stearate, composite coupling agent and polypropylene wax is 1:0.0018:0.0095:0.0028.

[0024] The pretreatment method for cordierite powder is as follows: Cordierite powder is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 800℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, then calcined at this temperature for 2 hours. Afterward, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain a second intermediate. This second intermediate is mixed with ammonium bicarbonate, then deionized water is added and stirred. Finally, it is dried at 115℃ for 6 hours to obtain a third intermediate. This third intermediate is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 500℃ at a heating rate of 3℃ / min, then calcined at this temperature. After calcining for 1 hour and cooling to room temperature, a fourth intermediate was obtained. The fourth intermediate was added to an ethanol aqueous solution and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes. Then, 1-1.5% of the cordierite powder mass of silane coupling agent KH-550 was added. The mixture was stirred at 200 r / min for 2 hours at 60°C. The solid was filtered and then washed three times with deionized water. The solid was then dried at 60°C for 4 hours and finally ground through a 200-mesh sieve to complete the triple treatment of cordierite micro powder.

[0025] In the preparation of the third intermediate, the mass ratio of the second intermediate, ammonium bicarbonate and deionized water is 5:1:1, the stirring speed is 100 r / min for 10 min, and the ethanol aqueous solution is prepared by mixing ethanol and water in a volume ratio of 8:2.

[0026] The compatibilizer is maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene with a grafting rate of 0.8%, the lubricant is calcium stearate, and the antioxidant is prepared by mixing antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0027] The preparation method of the nano-additive is as follows: Nano-silicon carbide powder is dispersed in an ethanol-water mixed solution and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 min to obtain a dispersion. Then, under a stirring speed of 300 r / min, the temperature is raised to 60℃, and a 0.5 mol / L sodium silicate aqueous solution is added dropwise at a rate of 2 mL / min. Subsequently, a 1.0 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid solution is added dropwise to adjust the pH to 8. The reaction is carried out for 2 h, and after cooling to room temperature, a reaction solution is obtained. The reaction solution is vacuum filtered, and the filter cake is collected. The filter cake is washed three times alternately with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water. Then, it is placed in a forced-air drying oven and dried at 105℃ for 6 h. Finally, it is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 450℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min under a nitrogen atmosphere. After holding at this temperature for 1 h, it is cooled to room temperature with the furnace, pulverized, and passed through a 300-mesh sieve to complete the preparation of the nano-additive.

[0028] In the preparation of the nano-additive, the volume ratio of nano-silicon carbide powder to the ethanol-water mixed solution is 1:10, the ethanol-water mixed solution is prepared by mixing ethanol and deionized water at a volume ratio of 4:1, and the mass ratio of nano-silicon carbide powder to sodium silicate aqueous solution is 1:2.

[0029] In the pretreatment process of flake carboxylated iron powder, the stepwise heating and stirring are as follows: stir at 800 r / min for 5 min at 60℃, then raise the temperature to 100℃ and continue stirring at 1200 r / min for 15 min, and finally raise the temperature to 130℃ and keep stirring for 5 min.

[0030] A method for preparing building sound insulation materials reinforced with composite nanomaterials includes the following steps: Step 1: Add polypropylene resin, functional additives, compatibilizers, antioxidants, lubricants, and nano-additives to a high-speed mixer and mix at room temperature for 5-10 minutes to obtain a mixture; Step 2: Place the mixture in a twin-screw extruder, set the extrusion temperature to 180℃ in zone 1, 200℃ in zone 2, and 210℃ in zone 3, the screw speed to 200 r / min, and the vacuum exhaust to -0.05 MPa. Then, water-cool the extruded strip and cut it into pellets to obtain sound insulation material masterbatch. The masterbatch is then injection molded or compression molded to complete the preparation of building sound insulation material.

[0031] Example 2: A building sound insulation material based on composite nanomaterials, composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts polypropylene resin, 15 parts functional additives, 6 parts compatibilizer, 4 parts nano-additives, 0.6 parts antioxidant and 1 part lubricant; The functional additive is prepared by dry mixing of pretreated flake carboxylated iron powder and pretreated cordierite micro powder in a mass ratio of 1:2. The nano-additive is a nano-silicon carbide powder modified by sodium silicate coating.

[0032] The pretreatment method for flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder is as follows: The flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder is placed in a fluidized bed reactor and heated to 170°C under nitrogen protection. A nitrogen mixture containing 1% by volume oxygen and triethyl phosphate vapor is introduced and treated for 22 hours to obtain the first intermediate. Subsequently, the first intermediate is placed in a high-speed mixer, and zinc stearate, composite coupling agent and polypropylene wax are added in sequence. The mixture is heated and stirred in steps, cooled and passed through a 250-mesh sieve to complete the pretreatment of the flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder.

[0033] The particle size D50 of the flake carboxylated iron powder is 11 μm, and the aspect ratio is greater than 25:1. The composite coupling agent is a mixture of aluminate coupling agent DL-411 and silane coupling agent KH-550 in a mass ratio of 2:1. The mass ratio of the first intermediate, zinc stearate, composite coupling agent and polypropylene wax is 1:0.0040:0.013:0.0045.

[0034] The pretreatment method for cordierite powder is as follows: Cordierite powder is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 820℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, then calcined at this temperature for 2.2 hours. Afterward, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain a second intermediate. This second intermediate is mixed with ammonium bicarbonate, then deionized water is added and stirred. Finally, it is dried at 120℃ for 7 hours to obtain a third intermediate. This third intermediate is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 520℃ at a heating rate of 3℃ / min, then calcined at this temperature. After cooling to room temperature for 1.5 hours, the fourth intermediate was obtained. The fourth intermediate was added to an ethanol aqueous solution and ultrasonically dispersed for 35 minutes. Then, 1.2% (by weight of cordierite powder) of silane coupling agent KH-550 was added. The mixture was stirred at 250 r / min for 2.5 hours at 65°C. The solid was filtered and then washed four times with deionized water. The mixture was then dried at 60°C for 4.5 hours and finally ground through a 200-mesh sieve to complete the triple treatment of cordierite powder.

[0035] In the preparation of the third intermediate, the mass ratio of the second intermediate, ammonium bicarbonate and deionized water is 5:1:2, the stirring speed is 200 r / min for 20 min, and the ethanol aqueous solution is prepared by mixing ethanol and water in a volume ratio of 8:2.

[0036] The compatibilizer is maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene with a grafting rate of 0.8%, the lubricant is calcium stearate, and the antioxidant is prepared by mixing antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0037] The preparation method of the nano-additive is as follows: Nano-silicon carbide powder is dispersed in an ethanol-water mixed solution and ultrasonically dispersed for 35 min to obtain a dispersion. Then, under a stirring speed of 350 r / min, the temperature is raised to 70℃, and a 0.5 mol / L sodium silicate aqueous solution is added dropwise at a rate of 2 mL / min. Subsequently, a 1.0 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid solution is added dropwise to adjust the pH to 8.5. The reaction is carried out for 3 h, and after cooling to room temperature, a reaction solution is obtained. The reaction solution is vacuum filtered, and the filter cake is collected. The filter cake is washed four times alternately with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water. Then, it is placed in a forced-air drying oven and dried at 105℃ for 7 h. Finally, it is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 440℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min under a nitrogen atmosphere. After holding at this temperature for 1.5 h, it is cooled to room temperature with the furnace, pulverized, and passed through a 300-mesh sieve to complete the preparation of the nano-additive.

[0038] In the preparation of the nano-additive, the volume ratio of nano-silicon carbide powder to the ethanol-water mixed solution is 1:11, the ethanol-water mixed solution is prepared by mixing ethanol and deionized water at a volume ratio of 4:1, and the mass ratio of nano-silicon carbide powder to sodium silicate aqueous solution is 1:2.

[0039] In the pretreatment process of flake carboxylated iron powder, the stepwise heating and stirring are as follows: stir at 1000 r / min for 10 min at 70℃, then raise the temperature to 110℃ and continue stirring at 1300 r / min for 20 min, and finally raise the temperature to 140℃ and keep stirring for 7.5 min.

[0040] A method for preparing building sound insulation materials reinforced with composite nanomaterials includes the following steps: Step 1: Add polypropylene resin, functional additives, compatibilizers, antioxidants, lubricants, and nano-additives to a high-speed mixer and mix at room temperature for 7 minutes to obtain a mixture; Step 2: Place the mixture in a twin-screw extruder, set the extrusion temperature to 180℃ in zone 1, 200℃ in zone 2, and 210℃ in zone 3, the screw speed to 300 r / min, and the vacuum exhaust to -0.06 MPa. Then, water-cool the extruded strip and cut it into pellets to obtain sound insulation material masterbatch. The masterbatch is then injection molded or compression molded to complete the preparation of building sound insulation material.

[0041] Example 3: A building sound insulation material reinforced with composite nanomaterials, composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts polypropylene resin, 20 parts functional additives, 8 parts compatibilizer, 5 parts nano-additives, 0.8 parts antioxidants and 1.5 parts lubricant; The functional additive is prepared by dry mixing of pretreated flake carboxylated iron powder and pretreated cordierite micro powder in a mass ratio of 1:2.5. The nano-additive is a nano-silicon carbide powder modified by sodium silicate coating.

[0042] The pretreatment method for flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder is as follows: The flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder is placed in a fluidized bed reactor and heated to 180°C under nitrogen protection. A nitrogen mixture containing 1.2% oxygen and triethyl phosphate vapor by volume is introduced and treated for 24 hours to obtain the first intermediate. Subsequently, the first intermediate is placed in a high-speed mixer, and zinc stearate, composite coupling agent and polypropylene wax are added in sequence. The mixture is heated and stirred in steps, cooled and passed through a 250-mesh sieve to complete the pretreatment of the flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder.

[0043] The particle size D50 of the flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder is 12 μm, and the aspect ratio is greater than 25:1. The composite coupling agent is a mixture of aluminate coupling agent DL-411 and silane coupling agent KH-550 in a mass ratio of 2:1. The mass ratio of the first intermediate, zinc stearate, composite coupling agent and polypropylene wax is 1:0.0050:0.0180:0.0060.

[0044] The pretreatment method for cordierite powder is as follows: Cordierite powder is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 850℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, then calcined at this temperature for 3 hours. Afterward, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain a second intermediate. This second intermediate is mixed with ammonium bicarbonate, then deionized water is added and stirred. Finally, it is dried at 125℃ for 8 hours to obtain a third intermediate. This third intermediate is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 550℃ at a heating rate of 3℃ / min, then held at this temperature. After calcination for 2 hours and cooling to room temperature, a fourth intermediate was obtained. The fourth intermediate was added to an ethanol aqueous solution and ultrasonically dispersed for 40 minutes. Then, 1.5% of the cordierite powder mass of silane coupling agent KH-550 was added. The mixture was stirred at 300 r / min for 3 hours at 70°C. The solid was filtered and then washed 5 times with deionized water. After drying at 60°C for 5 hours, the mixture was finally ground through a 200-mesh sieve to complete the triple treatment of cordierite micro powder.

[0045] In the preparation of the third intermediate, the mass ratio of the second intermediate, ammonium bicarbonate and deionized water is 5:1:2.5, the stirring speed is 300 r / min for 30 min, and the ethanol aqueous solution is prepared by mixing ethanol and water in a volume ratio of 8:2.

[0046] The compatibilizer is maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene with a grafting rate of 0.8%, the lubricant is calcium stearate, and the antioxidant is prepared by mixing antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0047] The preparation method of the nano-additive is as follows: Nano-silicon carbide powder is dispersed in an ethanol-water mixed solution and ultrasonically dispersed for 40 min to obtain a dispersion. Then, under a stirring speed of 400 r / min, the temperature is raised to 80℃, and a 0.5 mol / L sodium silicate aqueous solution is added dropwise at a rate of 3 mL / min. Subsequently, a 1.0 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid solution is added dropwise to adjust the pH to 9. The reaction is carried out for 4 h, and after cooling to room temperature, a reaction solution is obtained. The reaction solution is vacuum filtered, and the filter cake is collected. The filter cake is washed five times alternately with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water. Then, it is placed in a forced-air drying oven and dried at 105℃ for 8 h. Finally, it is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 500℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min under a nitrogen atmosphere. After holding at this temperature for 2 h, it is cooled to room temperature with the furnace, pulverized, and passed through a 300-mesh sieve to complete the preparation of the nano-additive.

[0048] In the preparation of the nano-additive, the volume ratio of nano-silicon carbide powder to the ethanol-water mixed solution is 1:12, the ethanol-water mixed solution is prepared by mixing ethanol and deionized water at a volume ratio of 4:1, and the mass ratio of nano-silicon carbide powder to sodium silicate aqueous solution is 1:2.

[0049] In the pretreatment process of flake carboxylated iron powder, the stepwise heating and stirring are as follows: stir at 1200 r / min for 15 min at 80℃, then raise the temperature to 120℃ and continue stirring at 1500 r / min for 30 min, and finally raise the temperature to 150℃ and keep stirring for 10 min.

[0050] A method for preparing building sound insulation materials reinforced with composite nanomaterials includes the following steps: Step 1: Add polypropylene resin, functional additives, compatibilizers, antioxidants, lubricants, and nano-additives to a high-speed mixer and mix at room temperature for 10 minutes to obtain a mixture; Step 2: Place the mixture in a twin-screw extruder, set the extrusion temperature to 180℃ in zone 1, 200℃ in zone 2, and 210℃ in zone 3, the screw speed to 400 r / min, and the vacuum exhaust to -0.08 MPa. Then, water-cool the extruded strip and cut it into pellets to obtain sound insulation material masterbatch. The masterbatch is then injection molded or compression molded to complete the preparation of building sound insulation material.

[0051] Comparative Example 1: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the functional additives in this comparative example do not contain pretreated flake carboxylated iron powder.

[0052] Comparative Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that the functional additives in this comparative example do not contain pretreated cordierite micro powder.

[0053] Comparative Example 3 differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain functional additives. Comparative Example 4 differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain nano-additives.

[0054] Performance testing: The building sound insulation materials prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were subjected to performance testing, including: Sound insulation performance: Referencing GB / T 19889.3-2005 "Acoustics of buildings and building components - Part 3: Laboratory measurement of airborne sound insulation of building components", the reverberation chamber-anechoic chamber method was used, with a test frequency range of 100-3150Hz, and the weighted sound insulation (Rw) was calculated. Tensile strength: Refer to GB / T 1040.2-2006 Determination of tensile properties of plastics; Impact strength: GB / T 1843-2008 Determination of impact strength of plastic cantilever beams; Heat distortion temperature: Refer to GB / T 1634.2-2019 Determination of load distortion temperature of plastics - Part 2: Determination of plastics and hard rubber, test conditions are load 1.80MPa and heating rate 120℃ / h; The obtained test data is recorded in the table below: Table 1 Comprehensive Performance Test Table of Building Sound Insulation Materials

[0055] Table 2 Comparison of the sound insulation performance spectrum of building sound insulation materials

[0056] Analysis of Tables 1 and 2 reveals the following: Examples 1-3 exhibit excellent sound insulation performance, with weighted sound insulation reaching 38.5-41.2 dB. This is achieved through the pretreatment of flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder, which converts low-frequency sound energy into heat energy through hysteresis and eddy current losses, thus enhancing low-frequency sound insulation. The porous structure of the triple-treated cordierite micropowder adsorbs sound wave energy, and the two work synergistically to achieve highly efficient sound insulation. Secondly, the materials demonstrate strong mechanical and thermal stability, with tensile strength of 35.2-38.5 MPa and heat distortion temperature of 142-148℃. This is achieved by sodium silicate coating modified nano-silicon carbide filling the matrix voids, improving structural density, and using compatibilizers to strengthen interfacial bonding. Thirdly, the components are uniformly dispersed. This is achieved by coupling agents and coating layer modification optimizing the compatibility between inorganic components and the polypropylene matrix, avoiding agglomeration defects. Comparative Example 1 retained only pretreated cordierite powder, lacking the flaky carboxylated iron powder. The performance defects stemmed from two aspects: firstly, the sound barrier effect of the flaky carboxylated iron powder was lost, allowing sound waves to easily penetrate the material; secondly, the mechanical reinforcing effect of the flaky iron powder was lost, along with the synergistic dispersion effect between the flaky carboxylated iron powder and cordierite. The flaky carboxylated iron powder could hinder cordierite particle agglomeration, leading to a decrease in interfacial bonding strength. Tensile strength and impact strength decreased by 18.7% and 34.1% respectively compared to Example 1. Furthermore, the lack of thermal stability of the iron powder resulted in a drop in heat distortion temperature to 128°C. In Comparative Example 2, the material lost the sound wave absorption function of its porous structure after the cordierite powder pretreatment was missing. It relied solely on the blocking effect of the flaky carboxylated iron powder, resulting in a decrease in sound insulation performance. At the same time, the porous structure of cordierite can alleviate the energy transfer during sound wave propagation. Its absence leads to an increase in the impact of sound waves on the internal structure of the material, resulting in a decrease in mechanical properties. In addition, the high heat resistance of cordierite is also lost, resulting in a lower heat distortion temperature than in Example 1. Comparative Example 3 contains no functional additives, meaning its performance relies solely on the polypropylene matrix and nano-additives. It suffers from two major defects: First, it lacks the synergistic sound insulation structure of sheet-like sound barriers and porous sound absorption, allowing sound waves to easily penetrate, making it the worst in terms of sound insulation among all samples. Second, it completely lacks the inorganic components of cordierite powder and flake carboxylated iron powder, resulting in weak mechanical properties of polypropylene itself. Even with nano-additive reinforcement, its tensile strength and impact strength remain the lowest. Furthermore, the lack of heat resistance of the inorganic components, with a heat distortion temperature of only 118℃, fully demonstrates that functional additives are the core support for the material's sound insulation and mechanical and thermal properties. Comparative Example 4 lacks sodium silicate-coated modified nano-silicon carbide powder, resulting in micro-voids in the material structure. Sound waves can propagate through these voids, leading to a decrease in sound insulation performance. At the same time, the high hardness enhancement effect of the nano-silicon carbide powder is missing, and the interfacial voids also cause poor stress transmission, resulting in a decrease in mechanical properties. However, because it retains a complete functional additive system, its performance is better than that of Comparative Examples 1-3, especially in terms of sound insulation performance.

[0057] By comparing and analyzing the relevant data in the table, it can be seen that the building sound insulation material prepared by this invention not only has good sound insulation performance but also excellent mechanical properties, significantly improving the overall performance and practicality of building sound insulation materials. This indicates that the building sound insulation material based on composite nanomaterial reinforcement provided by this invention has a broader market prospect and is more suitable for widespread application.

[0058] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0059] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A building sound insulation material reinforced with composite nanomaterials, characterized in that: It is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts polypropylene resin, 10-20 parts functional additives, 3-8 parts compatibilizer, 3-5 parts nano-additives, 0.3-0.8 parts antioxidant, and 0.5-1.5 parts lubricant; The functional additive is prepared by dry mixing of pretreated flake carboxylated iron powder and pretreated cordierite micro powder, with a mass ratio of 1:1.5-2.

5. The nano-additive is nano-silicon carbide powder modified by sodium silicate coating.

2. The building sound insulation material based on composite nanomaterials reinforced according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment method for the flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder is as follows: the flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder is placed in a fluidized bed reactor and heated to 160-180°C under nitrogen protection. A nitrogen mixture containing 0.8-1.2% oxygen and triethyl phosphate vapor by volume is introduced and treated for 20-24 hours to obtain the first intermediate. Subsequently, the first intermediate is placed in a high-speed mixer, and zinc stearate, composite coupling agent and polypropylene wax are added in sequence. The mixture is heated and stirred in steps, cooled and passed through a 250-mesh sieve to complete the pretreatment of the flake-shaped carboxylated iron powder.

3. The building sound insulation material based on composite nanomaterials reinforced according to claim 2, characterized in that, The particle size D50 of the flaky carboxylated iron powder is 10-12 μm, and the aspect ratio is greater than 25:

1. The composite coupling agent is a mixture of aluminate coupling agent DL-411 and silane coupling agent KH-550 in a mass ratio of 2:

1. The mass ratio of the first intermediate, zinc stearate, composite coupling agent and polypropylene wax is 1:0.0018-0.0050:0.0095-0.0180:0.0028-0.0060.

4. The building sound insulation material based on composite nanomaterials reinforced according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment method for the cordierite powder is as follows: The cordierite powder is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 800-850℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, and calcined at this temperature for 2-3 hours. It is then cooled to room temperature to obtain a second intermediate. This second intermediate is mixed with ammonium bicarbonate, followed by the addition of deionized water and stirring. Finally, it is dried at 115-125℃ for 6-8 hours to obtain a third intermediate. This third intermediate is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 500-550℃ at a heating rate of 3℃ / min, and calcined at this temperature. After calcining for 1-2 hours and cooling to room temperature, a fourth intermediate is obtained. The fourth intermediate is added to an ethanol aqueous solution and ultrasonically dispersed for 30-40 minutes. Then, 1-1.5% of the cordierite powder mass of silane coupling agent KH-550 is added. The mixture is stirred at 200-300 r / min for 2-3 hours at 60-70℃. The solid is filtered and then washed with deionized water 3-5 times. After drying at 60℃ for 4-5 hours, the mixture is finally ground through a 200-mesh sieve to complete the triple treatment of cordierite micro powder.

5. The building sound insulation material based on composite nanomaterials reinforced according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the preparation of the third intermediate, the mass ratio of the second intermediate, ammonium bicarbonate and deionized water is 5:1:1-2.5, the stirring speed is 100-300 r / min for 10-30 min, and the ethanol aqueous solution is prepared by mixing ethanol and water in a volume ratio of 8:

2.

6. The building sound insulation material based on composite nanomaterials reinforced according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compatibilizer is maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene with a grafting rate of 0.8%, the lubricant is calcium stearate, and the antioxidant is prepared by mixing antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 in a mass ratio of 1:

1.

7. The building sound insulation material based on composite nanomaterials reinforced according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the nano-auxiliary agent is as follows: Nano-silicon carbide powder is dispersed in an ethanol-water mixed solution and ultrasonically dispersed for 30-40 min to obtain a dispersion. Then, under a stirring speed of 300-400 r / min, the temperature is raised to 60-80℃, and a 0.5 mol / L sodium silicate aqueous solution is added dropwise at a rate of 2-3 mL / min. Subsequently, a 1.0 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid solution is added dropwise to adjust the pH to 8-9. The reaction is carried out for 2-4 h, and after cooling to room temperature, a reaction solution is obtained. The reaction solution is vacuum filtered, and the filter cake is collected. The filter cake is washed 3-5 times alternately with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water. Then, it is placed in a forced-air drying oven and dried at 105℃ for 6-8 h. Finally, it is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 450-500℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min under a nitrogen atmosphere. After holding at this temperature for 1-2 h, it is cooled to room temperature with the furnace, pulverized, and passed through a 300-mesh sieve to complete the preparation of the nano-auxiliary agent.

8. The building sound insulation material based on composite nanomaterials reinforced according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the preparation process of the nano-auxiliary agent, the volume ratio of the nano-silicon carbide powder to the ethanol-water mixed solution is 1:10-12, the ethanol-water mixed solution is prepared by mixing ethanol and deionized water at a volume ratio of 4:1, and the mass ratio of the nano-silicon carbide powder to the sodium silicate aqueous solution is 1:

2.

9. The building sound insulation material based on composite nanomaterials reinforced according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pretreatment process of the flaky carboxylated iron powder involves stepwise heating and stirring as follows: stirring at 800-1200 r / min for 5-15 min at 60-80℃, then raising the temperature to 100-120℃ and continuing to stir at 1200-1500 r / min for 15-30 min, and finally raising the temperature to 130-150℃ and maintaining stirring for 5-10 min.

10. A method for preparing a building sound insulation material reinforced with composite nanomaterials according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Add polypropylene resin, functional additives, compatibilizers, antioxidants, lubricants, and nano-additives to a high-speed mixer and mix at room temperature for 5-10 minutes to obtain a mixture; Step 2: Place the mixture in a twin-screw extruder, set the extrusion temperature to 180-210℃, the screw speed to 200-400 r / min, and the vacuum exhaust to -0.05 to -0.08 MPa. Then, water-cool the extruded strip and cut it into pellets to obtain sound insulation material masterbatch. The masterbatch is then injection molded or compression molded to complete the preparation of building sound insulation material.

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