Mung bean cultivation method suitable for arid regions

Abstract

The invention relates to a mung bean cultivation method suitable for arid regions, and belongs to the technical field of mung bean planting. Comprising the following steps: S1, selecting a dry farming plot with flat terrain for deep ploughing and soil preparation; s2, selecting a mung bean precision seeder provided with a linkage type liquid injection system; s3, the mung bean precision seeder is used for operation, and the following operation is executed in the advancing process of the seeder: S4, within 0.5 s to 1 s after the completion of S3, a soil covering and pressing mechanism arranged behind the seeder is used for covering soil on the seed furrows, a full-biodegradable mulching film is synchronously laid, and the high-humidity soil balls are sealed under the film. Ineffective evaporation of water is reduced to the greatest extent, and a micro-ecological environment which is beneficial to rapid germination of mung bean seeds in a drought and cold environment and establishment of a symbiotic nitrogen fixation system is established.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mung bean cultivation technology, specifically relating to a mung bean cultivation method suitable for arid regions. Background Technology

[0002] Mung beans are an important edible legume crop in my country and a traditional export-oriented agricultural product. The Shanxi-Northwest region and the hilly areas of the eastern Loess Plateau are the main production areas for mung beans. This region, with an altitude mostly between 800 and 1000 meters, has the advantages of abundant sunshine and large diurnal temperature variations, but it is also a typical temperate semi-arid monsoon climate zone with low and unevenly distributed annual rainfall.

[0003] Currently, the cultivation of mung beans in dryland areas mainly relies on natural rainfall. In years with severe spring droughts, poor soil moisture leads to low germination rates and significant gaps in the rows. Although existing drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation technologies can solve the water problem, they have two main drawbacks: On the one hand, the climate in northwestern Shanxi is cool, and the soil temperature is low when sowing in early spring. Traditional flood irrigation or continuous drip irrigation will significantly reduce the soil temperature, causing mung bean seeds to rot or germinate slowly due to low temperature and waterlogging.

[0004] On the other hand, while mung bean roots can form a symbiotic relationship with rhizobia to fix nitrogen, thus reducing the need for chemical fertilizers and improving soil quality, naturally occurring rhizobia in arid and infertile soils have extremely low activity and struggle to rapidly infect the root system during the early stages of seed germination. Traditional rhizobia seed treatment methods, when seeds are sown in dry soil, often result in the inoculum drying out and becoming inactive, failing to achieve the intended nitrogen-fixing and yield-increasing effects, thus forcing continued reliance on chemical fertilizers in production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention provides a method for cultivating mung beans suitable for arid regions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for cultivating mung beans suitable for arid regions is provided, including the following steps: S1. Select flat dryland plots for deep plowing and land preparation; S2. Select a mung bean precision planter equipped with a linkage liquid injection system. The linkage injection system includes a synchronous cam mechanism rigidly connected to the seed metering shaft of the seeder, a plunger pump driven by the cam mechanism, and a deep injection needle located below the seed metering tube. S3. Using the aforementioned mung bean precision seeder, perform the following operations during the seeder's movement: The rotation of the seed metering shaft drives the seed metering disc to release mung bean seeds. At the same time, the synchronous cam mechanism mechanically triggers the plunger pump, and the deep injection needle sprays a preset volume of highly active liquid medium at the seed landing point at the bottom of the seed furrow when the seeds fall into the seed furrow. This ensures that each seed lands on an independent, highly moist soil ball, while the soil around the seed hole remains naturally dry. The highly active liquid medium is an aqueous solution containing mung bean rhizobium inoculant, or a mixed aqueous solution of mung bean rhizobium inoculant and drought-resistant and water-retaining agent. S4. Within 0.5s to 1s after S3 is completed, the soil covering and compaction mechanism at the rear of the seeder is used to cover the seed furrow with soil, and a fully biodegradable mulch film is laid simultaneously to seal the high-moisture soil mass under the film.

[0007] Preferably, the synchronous cam mechanism is connected to the seed metering disc, and its circumferential surface is distributed with a number of protrusions, the number of which corresponds one-to-one with and is equal to the number of seed metering holes on the seed metering disc; During seeder operation, whenever the seed metering disc rotates to the seed metering position and releases a seed, the protrusion simultaneously pushes the plunger pump rod once to achieve single liquid injection.

[0008] Preferably, the deep injection needle is located on the leeward side of the rear end of the furrow opener, and the height of its outlet is 1cm to 2cm lower than the outlet of the seed discharge pipe; Furthermore, the outlet is oriented in the opposite direction to the direction of the seeder's movement, or a duckbill-type anti-clogging valve is provided at the outlet to prevent soil backflow and blockage.

[0009] Preferably, the preparation parameters of the highly active liquid medium are: By weight percentage, the highly active liquid medium comprises: 0.5%-1.0% of mung bean-specific rhizobium agent, 0.1%-0.3% of polyacrylamide hydrogel, and the balance being water; Furthermore, the preset volume is 10ml to 20ml.

[0010] Preferably, a seed pretreatment step is included between steps S1 and S2: Select mung bean seeds and coat them with a seed coating agent containing insecticides and fungicides, but not rhizobium-killing components, in order to avoid inhibiting the activity of subsequently injected rhizobium agents.

[0011] Preferably, the method for laying the fully biodegradable mulch film in step S4 is as follows: Using the film-attaching mechanism of the seeder, a raised rain-collecting ridge is formed above the seed furrow, and the mulch film is tightly covered on the ridge, with the edges of the mulch film pressed into the soil so that the seed holes are located in the rain-collecting troughs on the ridge.

[0012] Preferably, the highly active liquid medium contains 1%-3% humic acid or amino acid waste liquid, which makes the highly moist soil mass formed by spraying dark brown or black.

[0013] Preferably, the plunger pump is equipped with an anti-drip back suction mechanism; The anti-drip back suction mechanism is configured such that when the protrusion ends and the plunger pump push rod returns to its original position, an instantaneous negative pressure is generated in the pipeline of the deep injection needle, causing the residual liquid at the tip of the injection needle to retract.

[0014] Preferably, the highly active liquid medium also contains trace element promoters: The highly active liquid medium contains 0.05%-0.1% ammonium molybdate by weight.

[0015] Preferably, the degradation induction period parameter of the fully biodegradable mulch film in step S4 is configured to match the growth period of mung beans: the fully biodegradable mulch film begins to crack and degrade 65 to 75 days after laying.

[0016] This invention provides a method for cultivating mung beans in arid regions. The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This rapid process of watering, covering with soil, and mulching minimizes ineffective water evaporation and creates a micro-ecological environment conducive to the rapid germination of mung bean seeds and the establishment of a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing system in arid and cool environments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the mung bean cultivation method for arid regions proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the plunger pump used in the mung bean cultivation method for arid regions proposed in this invention. Figure 3 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the synchronous cam mechanism assembly in the mung bean cultivation method applicable to arid regions proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the synchronous cam mechanism assembly in the mung bean cultivation method applicable to arid regions proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is the third schematic diagram of the synchronous cam mechanism assembly in the mung bean cultivation method applicable to arid regions proposed in this invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Synchronous cam mechanism; 2. Plunger pump; 3. Deep injection needle; 4. Anti-drip back suction mechanism; 5. Seed discharge tube; 6. Protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-5 As shown, the specific embodiments provided by the present invention are as follows: like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for cultivating mung beans suitable for arid regions, comprising the following steps: In implementing this cultivation method, the first step is to select and prepare the land. Specifically, a relatively flat, dryland plot suitable for mechanized operations is selected. The selected plot is then deeply plowed to break up the plow pan, loosen the soil structure, and create favorable physical conditions for the deep root development of mung beans and for soil moisture retention.

[0021] Next, a precision mung bean seeder equipped with a linked sap injection system was selected as the core work implement. This seeder differs from traditional implements in that it integrates a mechanically linked sap injection function.

[0022] Specifically, the linkage injection system mainly consists of three components: a synchronous cam mechanism 1, a plunger pump 2, and a deep injection needle 3.

[0023] The synchronous cam mechanism 1 is rigidly connected to the seed metering shaft of the seeder or to the seed metering disc. The rotation of the synchronous cam mechanism 1 is completely locked to the rotation of the seed metering shaft or the seed metering disc, and there is no speed difference. The plunger pump 2 is installed in a position driven by the cam mechanism (e.g., below it), and can convert the mechanical thrust of the cam into the pumping power of the fluid. The deep injection needle 3 is arranged below the seed metering pipe 5 of the seeder, and its outlet extends into the seed furrow, aiming to achieve targeted injection of liquid into the deep soil.

[0024] When using the improved mung bean precision seeder for sowing in the field, as the seeder moves forward, the seed metering shaft rotates, and the seed metering disc rotates accordingly, releasing mung bean seeds at the set plant spacing. Simultaneously, the synchronous cam mechanism 1, fixed to the seed metering disc, rotates, mechanically triggering the plunger pump 2. Because the synchronous cam mechanism 1 is coaxially linked with the seed metering disc, the plunger pump 2 is triggered precisely when the seeds fall from the seed metering pipe 5 into the seed furrow, spraying a pre-loaded highly active liquid medium through the deep-position injection needle 3. The injection needle injects this preset volume of liquid into the seed landing point at the bottom of the seed furrow. This process ensures that each falling mung bean seed lands on an independent, highly moist soil ball, enveloped in moisture. Meanwhile, the soil around the seed hole is not extensively irrigated and remains naturally dry. This locally micro-moistened structure ensures the water needed for seed germination while avoiding a significant drop in soil temperature caused by full-field irrigation.

[0025] The so-called highly active liquid medium used in this step can be an aqueous solution containing mung bean rhizobium inoculant, or a mixed aqueous solution of mung bean rhizobium inoculant and drought-resistant water-retaining agent, depending on the actual drought level and soil nutrient status. This method of dissolving the inoculant in water and applying it directly around the seeds utilizes an artificially created high-humidity environment to maintain the activity of the rhizobia and promote their early infection of the root system.

[0026] Finally, within a short period of 0.5 to 1 second after completing the sowing and slurry injection operations, the soil covering and compaction mechanism at the rear of the seeder is used to quickly cover the seed furrow with soil, combining and compacting the moist soil clump with the naturally dry soil. Immediately following, a fully biodegradable mulch film is laid to tightly seal the formed moist soil clump beneath it. This rapid process from water injection to soil covering to mulching minimizes ineffective water evaporation, creating a micro-ecological environment conducive to the rapid germination of mung bean seeds and the establishment of a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing system in arid, cool environments.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, in order to ensure the consistency of the injection action and the seeding action in terms of frequency and phase, the synchronous cam mechanism 1 in the linkage injection system has been specifically improved.

[0028] Specifically, the synchronous cam mechanism 1 is fixedly connected to the seed metering disc. This means that the cam and the seed metering disc rotate at exactly the same angular velocity, and there is no risk of transmission slippage or loss of rotation between them. Several protrusions 6 (or cam lobes) are machined and distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the synchronous cam mechanism 1.

[0029] The number of protrusions 6 corresponds strictly to and is equal to the number of seeding holes on the seed metering disc. For example, if the seed metering disc has twelve seeding holes for controlling plant spacing, then twelve protrusions 6 are correspondingly distributed on the circumference of the synchronization cam.

[0030] When the seeder is operating in the field, the seed metering shaft drives the seed metering disc and the synchronization cam to rotate synchronously. Through pre-calibration of the phase, whenever the seed metering disc rotates to a specific seed metering position, releasing a mung bean seed through the seed metering hole into the seed guide tube, a protrusion 6 on the synchronization cam also rotates to the actuation position. At this time, the protrusion 6 synchronously contacts and pushes the push rod of the plunger pump 2. After the push rod is subjected to force, it compresses the pump chamber, forcing the plunger pump 2 to perform a pulse-like pumping action, realizing a single injection. As rotation continues, the protrusion 6 slides past the push rod, and the push rod returns to its original position under the action of its own return mechanism, waiting for the arrival of the next protrusion 6. This purely mechanical linkage method ensures that no matter how the tractor's travel speed changes, the injection frequency always automatically matches the seed metering frequency, achieving precise on-demand water supply and avoiding dry spraying or missed spraying.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the deep-position injection needle 3 is not directly exposed at the foremost point, but is positioned on the leeward side of the rear end of the furrow opener. This arrangement utilizes the furrow opener to cut through the hard, dry soil layer, after which the injection needle immediately enters the loosened seed furrow space, thus greatly reducing resistance and mechanical wear during the injection needle's movement. In terms of vertical height, the outlet of the injection needle is positioned 1 to 2 centimeters below the outlet of the seed discharge pipe 5. This ensures that the active liquid medium is not sprayed onto the seed surface, but injected deep into the soil directly below the seed's landing point. When the seed falls, it sits precisely on top of the moist soil mass formed by the injection. This spatial distribution of seed above and water below effectively induces the mung bean's taproot system to penetrate deep downwards to find water, improving its drought resistance.

[0032] In addition, to prevent loose soil particles from being forcibly squeezed back into the injection needle and causing blockage during the high-speed movement of the seeder, this embodiment provides two anti-blockage embodiments.

[0033] One embodiment involves orienting the slurry outlet opposite to the direction of the seeder's movement, utilizing back pressure to prevent soil from entering. Another embodiment involves installing a duckbill-type anti-clogging valve at the slurry outlet. This duckbill valve is made of elastic material and is normally closed. Only when the plunger pump 2 generates a high-pressure pulse thrust does the liquid flow open the duckbill valve and spray out; during non-injection intervals, the duckbill valve remains tightly closed under its own elasticity and external soil pressure, completely preventing soil backflow and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the injection system in complex field environments.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, in order to balance the moisture retention in arid soil with the biological nitrogen fixation requirements of mung bean roots, the composition and single application amount of the sprayed highly active liquid medium were strictly quantified.

[0035] Specifically, the formulation parameters of this highly active liquid medium, by weight percentage, mainly consist of three parts: 0.5% to 1.0% of mung bean-specific rhizobium agent, 0.1% to 0.3% of polyacrylamide hydrogel, and the balance water as a solvent.

[0036] In this formulation, a 0.5%-1.0% concentration of a mung bean-specific rhizobium agent is selected to ensure that the liquid injected into the soil contains a sufficient number of viable bacterial units. This allows for infection as soon as the mung bean seeds germinate and root hairs emerge, thereby establishing a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing relationship during the seedling stage and addressing the nitrogen deficiency problem in poor soils. Simultaneously, the addition of 0.1%-0.3% polyacrylamide hydrogel is crucial. This concentration of hydrogel forms a suspension with a certain viscosity and extremely strong water-holding capacity in water. When injected into dry soil, it not only prevents water from rapidly diffusing and escaping into the surrounding dry soil layer but also protects the rhizobia from inactivation due to drought stress.

[0037] Furthermore, this embodiment controls the preset volume of a single pulse spray between 10ml and 20ml. If the injection volume is less than 10ml, it is difficult to form a sufficiently moist mass to surround the seeds under extremely dry conditions, and the moisture is easily absorbed by the surrounding dry soil. If the injection volume is greater than 20ml, it will not only significantly increase the liquid-carrying load of the seeder and reduce operating efficiency, but more importantly, excessive injection of cold water will remove heat from the deeper soil layers, causing a significant drop in the local soil temperature of the seed hole, which can easily lead to seed rot or delayed germination in cool climates. Therefore, an injection volume of 10ml to 20ml is the optimal balance between germination rate and maintaining a suitable soil temperature.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, in order to construct a three-dimensional protection system that begins from the early stages of seed germination, and to ensure that the subsequently introduced nitrogen-fixing bacteria can survive and exert their effectiveness, a seed pretreatment step is added between tillage and sowing operations.

[0039] In practice, firstly, select high-quality mung bean seeds that are plump, free from mechanical damage, and have a germination rate that meets national standards (such as the "Binglv 11" variety, suitable for mechanized harvesting). Then, use specialized seed coating equipment to coat the selected seeds. During this process, the chemical components of the seed coating agent are strictly screened and limited: the agent contains low-toxicity insecticides to prevent underground pests such as grubs and wireworms from feeding on the seeds; it also contains fungicides targeting common seedling diseases such as root rot and damping-off.

[0040] The seed coating agent should exclude any ingredients known to kill or significantly inhibit mung bean rhizobia (e.g., broad-spectrum antibiotics such as streptomycin and neomycin, or specific fungicides sensitive to rhizobia). The technical consideration behind this limitation is that this cultivation method involves injecting exogenous rhizobium-killing agents into the seed holes simultaneously with sowing. If the seed coating agent contains rhizobium-killing components, the agent on the coating will dissolve and penetrate into the microdomains where rhizobia live as soil moisture (or injected liquid) diffuses, inactivating the injected active bacteria and disrupting the symbiotic nitrogen-fixing mechanism. Therefore, by using this biocompatible seed coating agent, both pest and disease damage to mung bean seeds are prevented, and a safe survival and infection window is provided for the subsequently injected nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

[0041] For example, a 35% thiamethoxam suspension seed dressing agent was chosen. This ingredient was selected because it has systemic properties, effectively controlling underground pests such as grubs and wireworms, as well as aphids during the seedling stage. It also has relatively low toxicity and no significant killing effect on the biological activity of subsequently injected rhizobia.

[0042] Alternatively, 2.5% fludioxonil or metalaxyl can be used. These two ingredients are highly effective against root rot and damping-off in mung bean seedlings. Unlike copper-based fungicides or broad-spectrum antibiotics, they have very low inhibitory effects on beneficial bacteria in the soil (especially rhizobia), making them biocompatible fungicides.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, in view of the climate characteristics of scarce rainfall and mostly ineffective micro-rainfall in arid regions, the mulch film laying process in step S4 was modified with micro-topography in order to maximize the utilization of natural precipitation.

[0044] Specifically, this step does not use the traditional flat laying method, but instead constructs a raised structure above the seed furrow of the sowing strip. This structure forms a rain-collecting ridge surface that is high on both sides and low in the middle, so that a longitudinal rain-collecting trough extending along the sowing row is formed directly above the seed furrow, and the mung bean seed hole (i.e. the seed landing point) is located at the bottom center of this rain-collecting trough.

[0045] After the terrain is formed, the fully biodegradable mulch film is pulled out by the film-attaching mechanism and stretched taut under the action of the film-covering rollers, tightly covering the raised ridge surface. The two edges of the mulch film are pressed into the soil by the soil-covering plate and sealed with soil, forming a tight closed space. This structure of the rainwater collection trough under the film is equivalent to building a natural rainwater collection funnel for each mung bean seedling. When there is a small amount of rainfall in arid areas (such as ineffective rainfall of less than 5 mm), the rainwater falling on the slopes on both sides of the ridge cannot seep into the film surface. Under the action of gravity, it will quickly converge along the smooth mulch film and flow to the rainwater collection trough in the middle, and finally seep into the root soil through the seed hole (or the pores formed by the seedling breaking through the mulch film). This mechanism transforms the small amount of ineffective rainfall that would otherwise evaporate quickly into effective precipitation that can be used by crops, significantly improving water use efficiency.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, to address the water-temperature contradiction that injecting liquid deep into the soil during sowing in cool climates (such as early spring in northwestern Shanxi) may lead to a localized drop in soil temperature, thus affecting seed germination, the highly active liquid medium is additionally dissolved with 1% to 3% humic acid or amino acid waste liquid. Humic acid and amino acid waste liquid are not only excellent plant growth stimulants and organic carbon sources that promote root growth, but more importantly, they act as natural colorants, significantly altering the color of the liquid medium.

[0047] When liquid containing the aforementioned concentrations of humic acid or amino acid waste is sprayed into the bottom of the seed furrow, its deep color quickly permeates the surrounding soil particles, making the moist soil mass surrounding the seed appear dark brown or even nearly black. Based on the principles of blackbody radiation and heat absorption, this dark soil micro-domain has a significantly higher solar radiation absorption rate compared to the surrounding light-colored, dry soil. Even under a fully biodegradable mulch film, sunlight passing through the film onto this dark, moist mass is converted into heat energy more efficiently. This active heat absorption and warming effect effectively offsets the cooling risk caused by evaporative heat absorption and increased specific heat capacity resulting from water injection, thus maintaining a relatively warm microclimate around the seed, promoting enzyme activity, and significantly shortening the germination time of mung bean seeds in low-temperature environments.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, in order to prevent ineffective liquid leakage in non-sowing areas (i.e., the gap between two mung bean seedlings) and to prevent weed growth caused by residual liquid overflowing from the pipeline, the plunger pump 2 is integrated with an anti-drip back suction mechanism 4.

[0049] When the protrusion 6 of the synchronous cam completes its pushing action on the push rod, the push rod begins to return to its original position under the strong force of the return spring (i.e., at the moment the suction stroke begins). At this instant, the anti-drip back suction mechanism 4 is configured to temporarily connect the pump chamber and the outlet pipeline, and use the vacuum generated by the rapid retraction of the plunger to create a momentary negative pressure pulse in the long pipeline connected to the deep injection needle 3.

[0050] The negative pressure pulse acts in the opposite direction to the previous spray, overcoming gravity and pipeline resistance to rapidly draw any residual droplets or liquid surface hanging from the injection needle tip back into the tube (e.g., retracting 5-10 mm). This ensures, on one hand, that the injection needle remains absolutely dry when the seeder passes through seedless gaps between rows, preventing any liquid from dripping onto the soil and thus hindering weed germination due to lack of moisture; on the other hand, the retracted liquid surface reduces the contact between the moist liquid and the dry soil at the needle tip, effectively preventing the dry soil from absorbing water and forming clumps that clog the needle tip, ensuring smooth operation for the next injection.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, in order to further activate the nitrogen-fixing activity of mung bean rhizobia from a biochemical perspective, especially considering the current situation of micronutrient deficiency in barren and arid soils, a micronutrient promoter is introduced when preparing a highly active liquid medium.

[0052] Specifically, 0.05% to 0.1% ammonium molybdate was added to this highly active liquid medium by weight percentage. The technical basis for this specific addition is that molybdenum is a core component of the iron-molybdenum cofactor in nitrogenase within rhizobia, and is an essential metal coenzyme for catalyzing the conversion of nitrogen to ammonia. In arid and infertile soils, the content of available molybdenum is typically extremely low, becoming a bottleneck limiting biological nitrogen fixation.

[0053] This embodiment achieves coupling between microbial strains and key trace elements by directly dissolving 0.05%-0.1% ammonium molybdate in a liquid containing rhizobia and utilizing the aforementioned simultaneous seeding and liquid injection technology. When mung bean seeds germinate and form root nodules, the high concentration of molybdenum in the rhizosphere microdomain can be rapidly taken up by the rhizobia and directly used to synthesize highly active nitrogenase, thereby significantly increasing the number of nodules and nitrogen fixation efficiency per plant.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the fully biodegradable mulch film selected in step S4 has a degradation induction period of 65 to 75 days after laying. This time parameter matches the physiological maturity cycle of the "Binglv 11" mung bean variety (approximately 75-80 days for spring sowing and approximately 70-75 days for summer sowing).

[0055] During the first 60 days of vegetative growth and peak flowering and pod-setting period, the mulch film maintains its physical structure, playing a crucial role in moisture retention, warming, and weed suppression, ensuring that mung beans do not lack water during peak water demand. However, from day 65 to 75, as the mung beans enter the grain-filling and maturing stage, their water requirement decreases while their root oxygen demand increases. At this time, the mulch film begins to crack and break according to a pre-programmed procedure. This improves soil aeration, preventing premature root aging or delayed maturity due to excessive soil moisture. More importantly, when the mung beans are fully mature (around 80 days) and harvested by combine harvester, the mulch film is already brittle and easily separates from the soil. This completely solves the mechanization problem of traditional high-strength mulch film easily tangling around the harvester's header and clogging the threshing drum, thus significantly improving harvesting efficiency and reducing grain impurity.

[0056] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating mung beans suitable for arid regions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Select flat dryland plots for deep plowing and land preparation; S2. Select a mung bean precision planter equipped with a linkage liquid injection system. The linkage injection system includes a synchronous cam mechanism rigidly connected to the seed metering shaft of the seeder, a plunger pump driven by the cam mechanism, and a deep injection needle located below the seed metering tube. S3. Using the aforementioned mung bean precision seeder, perform the following operations during the seeder's movement: The rotation of the seed metering shaft drives the seed metering disc to release mung bean seeds. At the same time, the synchronous cam mechanism mechanically triggers the plunger pump, and the deep injection needle sprays a preset volume of highly active liquid medium at the seed landing point at the bottom of the seed furrow when the seeds fall into the seed furrow. This ensures that each seed lands on an independent, highly moist soil ball, while the soil around the seed hole remains naturally dry. The highly active liquid medium is an aqueous solution containing mung bean rhizobium inoculant, or a mixed aqueous solution of mung bean rhizobium inoculant and drought-resistant and water-retaining agent. S4. Within 0.5s to 1s after S3 is completed, the soil covering and compaction mechanism at the rear of the seeder is used to cover the seed furrow with soil, and a fully biodegradable mulch film is laid simultaneously to seal the high-moisture soil mass under the film.

2. The method for cultivating mung beans in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronous cam mechanism is fixedly mounted on the seed metering shaft of the seeder. Its circumferential surface is distributed with a number of protrusions. The number of protrusions corresponds one-to-one with and is equal to the number of seed metering holes on the seed metering disc. During seeder operation, whenever the seed metering disc rotates to the seed metering position and releases a seed, the protrusion simultaneously pushes the plunger pump rod once to achieve single liquid injection.

3. The method for cultivating mung beans in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deep injection needle is located on the leeward side of the rear end of the furrow opener, and its outlet is 1cm to 2cm lower than the seed discharge tube outlet. Furthermore, the outlet is oriented in the opposite direction to the direction of the seeder's movement, or a duckbill-type anti-clogging valve is provided at the outlet to prevent soil backflow and blockage.

4. The method for cultivating mung beans in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation parameters for the highly active liquid medium are as follows: By weight percentage, the highly active liquid medium comprises: 0.5%-1.0% of mung bean-specific rhizobium agent, 0.1%-0.3% of polyacrylamide hydrogel, and the balance being water; Furthermore, the preset volume is 10ml to 20ml.

5. The method for cultivating mung beans in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, A seed pretreatment step is also included between steps S1 and S2: Select mung bean seeds and coat them with a seed coating agent containing insecticides and fungicides, but not rhizobium-killing components, in order to avoid inhibiting the activity of subsequently injected rhizobium agents.

6. The method for cultivating mung beans in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for laying the fully biodegradable mulch film in step S4 is as follows: Using the film-attaching mechanism of the seeder, a raised rain-collecting ridge is formed above the seed furrow, and the mulch film is tightly covered on the ridge, with the edges of the mulch film pressed into the soil so that the seed holes are located in the rain-collecting troughs on the ridge.

7. The method for cultivating mung beans in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The highly active liquid medium contains 1%-3% humic acid or amino acid waste liquid, which makes the highly moist soil mass formed by the spraying dark brown or black.

8. The method for cultivating mung beans in arid regions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plunger pump is equipped with an anti-drip back suction mechanism; The anti-drip back suction mechanism is configured such that when the protrusion ends and the plunger pump push rod returns to its original position, an instantaneous negative pressure is generated in the pipeline of the deep injection needle, causing the residual liquid at the tip of the injection needle to retract.

9. The method for cultivating mung beans in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The highly active liquid medium also contains trace element promoters: The highly active liquid medium contains 0.05%-0.1% ammonium molybdate by weight.

10. The method for cultivating mung beans in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The degradation induction period parameter of the fully biodegradable mulch film in step S4 is configured to match the growth period of mung beans: the fully biodegradable mulch film begins to crack and degrade 65 to 75 days after laying.

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