Hand-wearing type automatic near-infrared radial artery blood vessel puncture and blood gas monitoring device

Abstract

The invention discloses a hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery blood vessel puncture and blood gas monitoring device, which relates to the field of medical equipment, adopts a modular integrated design, and comprises a fixing and supporting system, a sensing and identifying system, an executing and puncturing system, a monitoring and analyzing system, a control and communication system, an energy system and a traditional puncture interface. Automatic identification and accurate positioning of subcutaneous blood vessels are achieved through near-infrared imaging, and automatic puncture operation is completed under coordination control of the main controller. After puncture, blood gas parameters can be monitored in real time or near real time, the device state and monitoring data are uploaded to a cloud end through a wireless communication module, and remote checking and management are achieved. Meanwhile, the device is provided with a traditional puncture connector to be compatible with manual blood drawing operation, and clinical suitability is improved. The radial artery puncture success rate and the monitoring efficiency are effectively improved, the complication risk is reduced, and the system is suitable for various clinical monitoring and blood sampling scenes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present specification relates to the field of medical devices, and more specifically, to a hand-wearable automatic near-infrared radial artery blood vessel puncture and blood gas monitoring device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Radial artery puncture is a common invasive operation method in clinical anesthesia, critical care medicine, emergency medicine and perioperative monitoring, and is widely used in scenes such as arterial blood sampling, continuous blood pressure monitoring and blood gas analysis. In existing clinical practice, radial artery puncture is usually completed by a physician in a manual manner, and the operation process mainly relies on the physician's experience judgment of the anatomical structure and palpation feeling, and the puncture angle and needle depth are repeatedly adjusted to enter the target blood vessel.

[0003] However, the traditional radial artery puncture method still has many deficiencies in practical application. First, the puncture success rate is obviously affected by many factors, such as deep blood vessel position, small blood vessel diameter, low blood pressure, obesity, etc., which will significantly increase the puncture difficulty, have a high dependence on the experience of the physician, and the success rate between different operators is quite different. Second, in the case of puncture failure or inaccurate positioning, repeated needle insertion is often required, which can easily cause complications such as local hematoma, blood vessel injury, infection, and increase the pain and medical risk of the patient.

[0004] In addition, the existing radial artery puncture is completed in a "sampling-sending" manner for blood gas analysis, that is, after successful puncture, an external blood gas analyzer is connected for detection, which cannot realize continuous or real-time monitoring of blood gas parameters, and is not conducive to dynamic assessment of the patient's physiological state. At the same time, the traditional puncture and blood gas detection process has a low degree of integration with the hospital information system, and the relevant operation data and monitoring results are difficult to automatically record and remotely share, which limits the development of clinical fine management and telemedicine applications.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a radial artery blood vessel puncture and blood gas monitoring device with high integration and high automation. SUMMARY

[0006] A series of simplified concepts are introduced in the summary section, which will be further described in detail in the specific embodiments section. The summary section of the present application does not mean to attempt to limit the key features and necessary technical features of the claimed technical solutions, nor to attempt to determine the protection scope of the claimed technical solutions.

[0007] The present application provides a hand-wearable automatic near-infrared radial artery blood vessel puncture and blood gas monitoring device, comprising: A fixing and supporting system, a sensing and identifying system, an executing and puncturing system, a monitoring and analyzing system, a control and communication system, an energy system and a traditional puncturing interface, wherein the control and communication system comprises a main controller and a wireless communication module; The sensing and identifying system, the executing and puncturing system, the monitoring and analyzing system and the main controller are in data communication, the main controller receives and processes data of each system, and coordinates control of puncturing operation of the executing and puncturing system and working states of each system; The control and communication system uploads states and real-time data of the device to the cloud through the wireless communication module, allowing doctors to remotely view; The energy system provides power for each system; The traditional puncturing interface and the monitoring flow path are connected, and when the automatic system does not need to be started, the doctor can manually extract the blood sample.

[0008] In a feasible implementation, the fixing and supporting system comprises a medical-grade flexible wristband and a main body shell, the medical-grade flexible wristband is used to fix the device to the patient's wrist, and a flexible pad is arranged on the inner side of the medical-grade flexible wristband; The medical-grade flexible wristband realizes length adjustment and locking through magic tape or ratchet buckle, and the main body shell is used to carry and support the sensing and identifying system, the executing and puncturing system and the monitoring and analyzing system.

[0009] In a feasible implementation, the sensing and identifying system comprises a near-infrared light source array, a near-infrared image sensor and a processor for executing image processing; The near-infrared light source array and the near-infrared image sensor jointly constitute a near-infrared imaging module, a transparent optical window is arranged in front of the near-infrared imaging module, and the optical window is in contact with the skin during use; The near-infrared light source array and the near-infrared image sensor are fixed in the main body shell and connected with the main controller through a wire, for collecting near-infrared reflection images of subcutaneous blood vessels and transmitting corresponding blood vessel identification data to the main controller.

[0010] In a feasible implementation, the executing and puncturing system comprises a micro high-precision stepping motor, a linear guide mechanism, a puncture needle holder and a disposable sterile puncture needle; The stepping motor is connected with a lead screw of the linear guide mechanism through a coupling, the puncture needle holder is fixed on a sliding block of the guide mechanism, the micro high-precision stepping motor is driven by the main controller to control the puncture needle holder and the disposable sterile puncture needle to perform positioning and puncturing operation; The aforementioned disposable sterile puncture needle is a 24G-22G arterial indwelling needle, and the aforementioned disposable sterile puncture needle is placed in a sterile chamber.

[0011] In one feasible implementation, the monitoring and analysis system includes a microflow path, a micro blood gas sensor, a micro peristaltic pump, and a heparinization device. The aforementioned microfluidic pathway is an extremely fine tube that connects to the puncture needle catheter for delivering blood samples; The aforementioned miniature blood gas sensor is based on photoelectric or electrochemical principles and is directly integrated into the microfluidic path to detect the pH value, carbon dioxide partial pressure, and oxygen partial pressure parameters of blood in real time, and transmit the data to the aforementioned main controller. The aforementioned miniature peristaltic pump is used to control the formation of a small circulation of blood samples in the microfluidic path, ensuring that the blood flows back after a brief contact with the sensor, achieving near-continuous real-time monitoring, while avoiding a large amount of blood leaving the body; The aforementioned heparinization device is used to prevent blood clotting and ensure the stability of blood samples during the testing process.

[0012] In one feasible implementation, the main controller uploads the device's status and real-time data to the cloud via the wireless communication module, authorizing doctors to remotely view the data via mobile phones, tablets, or hospital workstations.

[0013] In one feasible implementation, the energy system includes a rechargeable lithium battery and a power management circuit, which is electrically connected to the main controller to provide power to each system.

[0014] In one feasible implementation, the conventional puncture port and the monitoring flow path are connected. The conventional puncture port is connected in parallel with the monitoring flow path through a three-way valve or a branch flow path. When the automatic system does not need to be started or the doctor needs to manually draw a large amount of blood, the doctor can directly screw a standard syringe onto the port to draw blood.

[0015] In one feasible implementation, the stepper motor of the aforementioned execution and puncture system is connected to the lead screw of the aforementioned linear guide mechanism via a coupling, the aforementioned puncture needle holder is fixed on the slider of the guide mechanism, the aforementioned stepper motor is driven by the aforementioned main controller, and the aforementioned control system precisely controls the angle and depth of the puncture needle.

[0016] In one feasible implementation, the aforementioned sensing and recognition system is configured to image and recognize subcutaneous blood vessels based on near-infrared light signals, and send the obtained blood vessel recognition results to the aforementioned main controller in the form of data, in order to assist the aforementioned execution and puncture system in completing automatic puncture decisions.

[0017] In summary, traditional radial artery puncture relies heavily on the physician's experience and palpation skills. The success rate is easily affected by multiple factors, including vessel location, depth, and patient size. This is especially true in patients with thinner vessels, low blood pressure, or obesity, where puncture is more difficult, and repeated punctures can easily lead to complications such as hematoma and vascular damage. This invention utilizes a sensing and recognition system to image and locate subcutaneous vessels using near-infrared light signals. The recognition results are fed back to the main controller, automatically adjusting the angle and depth of the puncture operation, significantly improving the success rate and accuracy of the puncture. This is particularly beneficial for patients with more challenging punctures, enabling safer and more stable automated punctures. Traditional puncture methods typically require blood samples to be taken and sent to an external blood gas analyzer for testing, making real-time monitoring impossible. Furthermore, the monitoring process is often constrained by the connection between devices and operational steps, posing risks of delayed data recording and untimely clinical response. In contrast, this invention, through its integrated design, combines the blood gas monitoring system with the puncture system, enabling real-time acquisition and monitoring of blood gas parameters. The data is directly processed and fed back through the main controller, providing immediate physiological information and ensuring that physicians can make rapid decisions based on the latest data, thus improving clinical response speed and decision-making efficiency. This invention modularly integrates sensing and recognition, execution and puncture, monitoring and analysis systems into a single device, coordinated and scheduled by the main controller to form a closed-loop working system. The various system modules are interconnected through data communication. The main controller not only processes and feeds back data from each module but also dynamically adjusts system operating parameters based on real-time operating status, ensuring stable operation of the device throughout the puncture and monitoring process. This integrated design enables efficient collaboration between modules, reducing errors and instability inherent in traditional manual operation, thereby further improving the reliability and accuracy of the device. This invention achieves remote data upload through a control and communication system. Physicians can remotely view patient monitoring data and the puncture process via mobile phones, tablets, or hospital workstations, enabling real-time remote monitoring and clinical decision support. The introduction of this function not only improves doctors' work efficiency and reduces the pressure of on-site operations, but also enables cross-regional medical services, promoting the development of telemedicine, especially providing more flexible and convenient medical solutions for patients who cannot reach the hospital in real time. The traditional puncture interface of this invention is compatible with existing clinical syringes and connects to the monitoring flow path, allowing it to be used when the automated system does not need to be started or when manual intervention by the doctor is required. This design fully considers the adaptability of traditional operating procedures, making this device suitable not only for automated operating scenarios but also for flexible switching when traditional methods are unavailable. Doctors can directly draw blood samples through the traditional puncture interface, avoiding the limitations of not being able to operate normally in emergency or special circumstances, thus improving the scope of use and adaptability of the device. This invention adopts a medical-grade flexible wristband and sterile protection design, ensuring that the device is comfortable and stable to wear, avoiding the pain and discomfort of traditional puncture procedures.By combining traditional puncture interfaces with an automated puncture system, not only are repeated punctures reduced for patients, but real-time monitoring also ensures the stability of blood samples, lowering the risk of vascular damage and complications caused by improper puncture. In summary, the hand-worn automated near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device provided by this invention, with its innovative designs including automated and precise puncture, real-time blood gas monitoring, integrated system, and remote medical support, not only improves the success rate of puncture and monitoring accuracy but also effectively reduces the risk of complications, providing a safer, more efficient, and convenient technical solution for clinical treatment, and is particularly suitable for use in complex clinical environments.

[0018] Other advantages, objectives and features of this application will be apparent in part from the description which follows, and in part from what those skilled in the art will understand through study and practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit this specification. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall wearing scenario of a hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device provided in this application embodiment; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device in direction A, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the relationship between puncture and blood vessel in direction B of a hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device provided in this application embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the blood gas parameter detection signal processing flow in the monitoring and analysis system of the present invention, provided as an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus. The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will now be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them.

[0021] Please refer to the figure. Figure 1 This application provides a structural schematic diagram of a hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device 10, which specifically includes: The system includes a fixation and support system 11, a sensing and identification system 12, an execution and puncture system 13, a monitoring and analysis system 14, a control and communication system 15, an energy system 16, and a traditional puncture interface 17. The control and communication system 15 includes a main controller 151 and a wireless communication module 152. The aforementioned sensing and identification system 12, the aforementioned execution and puncture system 13, the aforementioned monitoring and analysis system 14 communicate with the aforementioned main controller 15. The aforementioned main controller 15 receives and processes the data from each system, coordinates and controls the puncture operation of the execution and puncture system 13, and controls the working status of each system. The aforementioned control and communication system 15 uploads the device's status and real-time data to the cloud via the aforementioned wireless communication module, allowing doctors to view it remotely; The aforementioned energy system 16 provides electricity to each system; The aforementioned traditional puncture port 17 is connected to the monitoring flow path, allowing doctors to manually draw blood samples when the automatic system does not need to be activated.

[0022] For example, the hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device adopts a modular integrated design, consisting of a fixing and support system 11, a sensing and identification system 12, an execution and puncture system 13, a monitoring and analysis system 14, a control and communication system 15, an energy system 16, and a traditional puncture interface 17. Each module is structurally integrated on the same device platform, and functionally forms a unified closed-loop collaboration through the aforementioned main controller.

[0023] Specifically, the aforementioned fixation and support system 11 is used to stably wear and maintain the device in the target area of ​​the patient's wrist, so that the subsequent identification, puncture, and monitoring processes can be carried out in a relatively stable spatial position, thereby providing a basic guarantee for puncture accuracy and monitoring reliability. The aforementioned control and communication system 15 serves as the core of the overall system's coordination and control, and includes a main controller and a wireless communication module. The main controller is used to carry out the data interaction and flow control logic of each module.

[0024] In terms of workflow, the aforementioned sensing and identification system 12, the aforementioned execution and puncture system 13, and the aforementioned monitoring and analysis system 14 all communicate with the aforementioned main controller 15. The main controller 15 receives the identification data output by the aforementioned sensing and identification system 12 and generates corresponding control commands based on the device's operating strategy. When puncture is required, the main controller 15 sends control information to the aforementioned execution and puncture system 13 to coordinate the aforementioned execution and puncture system 13 to complete the puncture-related actions. Simultaneously, after the puncture is completed, the main controller 15 continues to receive monitoring data from the aforementioned monitoring and analysis system 14 to maintain and schedule the device's operating status, enabling identification-puncture-monitoring to operate continuously under the same control framework, and allowing the switching or adjustment of the operating status of each system based on real-time status.

[0025] Regarding data presentation and remote interaction, the aforementioned control and communication system 15 uploads the device's status information and real-time data to the cloud via the aforementioned wireless communication module. This allows doctors to view the device's operation and monitoring results remotely via a remote terminal, enabling remote supervision, record retention, or clinical decision support. Simultaneously, the aforementioned energy system 16 provides power to all the aforementioned systems, ensuring the device's continuous operation during wear, and enabling stable execution of data communication, puncture control, and monitoring data acquisition.

[0026] In addition, to take into account both clinical usage habits and emergency needs, this embodiment also includes a traditional puncture interface 17. The traditional puncture interface 17 is connected to the monitoring flow path. When the automatic system does not need to be started or is in a non-automatic working mode, doctors can manually draw blood samples through the traditional puncture interface 17, thereby achieving compatible use without changing the existing clinical operation procedures and improving the adaptability and usability of the device in different clinical scenarios.

[0027] In summary, traditional radial artery puncture relies heavily on the physician's experience and palpation skills. The success rate is easily affected by multiple factors, including vessel location, depth, and patient size. This is especially true in patients with thinner vessels, low blood pressure, or obesity, where puncture is more difficult, and repeated punctures can easily lead to complications such as hematoma and vascular damage. This invention utilizes a sensing and recognition system to image and locate subcutaneous vessels using near-infrared light signals. The recognition results are fed back to the main controller, automatically adjusting the angle and depth of the puncture operation, significantly improving the success rate and accuracy of the puncture. This is particularly beneficial for patients with more challenging punctures, enabling safer and more stable automated punctures. Traditional puncture methods typically require blood samples to be taken and sent to an external blood gas analyzer for testing, making real-time monitoring impossible. Furthermore, the monitoring process is often constrained by the connection between devices and operational steps, posing risks of delayed data recording and untimely clinical response. In contrast, this invention, through its integrated design, combines the blood gas monitoring system with the puncture system, enabling real-time acquisition and monitoring of blood gas parameters. The data is directly processed and fed back through the main controller, providing immediate physiological information and ensuring that physicians can make rapid decisions based on the latest data, thus improving clinical response speed and decision-making efficiency. This invention modularly integrates sensing and recognition, execution and puncture, monitoring and analysis systems into a single device, coordinated and scheduled by the main controller to form a closed-loop working system. The various system modules are interconnected through data communication. The main controller not only processes and feeds back data from each module but also dynamically adjusts system operating parameters based on real-time operating status, ensuring stable operation of the device throughout the puncture and monitoring process. This integrated design enables efficient collaboration between modules, reducing errors and instability inherent in traditional manual operation, thereby further improving the reliability and accuracy of the device. This invention achieves remote data upload through a control and communication system. Physicians can remotely view patient monitoring data and the puncture process via mobile phones, tablets, or hospital workstations, enabling real-time remote monitoring and clinical decision support. The introduction of this function not only improves doctors' work efficiency and reduces the pressure of on-site operations, but also enables cross-regional medical services, promoting the development of telemedicine, especially providing more flexible and convenient medical solutions for patients who cannot reach the hospital in real time. The traditional puncture interface of this invention is compatible with existing clinical syringes and connects to the monitoring flow path, allowing it to be used when the automated system does not need to be started or when manual intervention by the doctor is required. This design fully considers the adaptability of traditional operating procedures, making this device suitable not only for automated operating scenarios but also for flexible switching when traditional methods are unavailable. Doctors can directly draw blood samples through the traditional puncture interface, avoiding the limitations of not being able to operate normally in emergency or special circumstances, thus improving the scope of use and adaptability of the device. This invention adopts a medical-grade flexible wristband and sterile protection design, ensuring that the device is comfortable and stable to wear, avoiding the pain and discomfort of traditional puncture procedures.By combining traditional puncture interfaces with an automated puncture system, not only are repeated punctures reduced for patients, but real-time monitoring also ensures the stability of blood samples, lowering the risk of vascular damage and complications caused by improper puncture. In summary, the hand-worn automated near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device provided by this invention, with its innovative designs including automated and precise puncture, real-time blood gas monitoring, integrated system, and remote medical support, not only improves the success rate of puncture and monitoring accuracy but also effectively reduces the risk of complications, providing a safer, more efficient, and convenient technical solution for clinical treatment, and is particularly suitable for use in complex clinical environments.

[0028] In one feasible implementation, the fixation and support system includes a medical-grade flexible wristband and a main body housing. The medical-grade flexible wristband is used to fix the device to the patient's wrist, and a flexible pad is provided on the inner side of the medical-grade flexible wristband. The aforementioned medical-grade flexible wristband achieves length adjustment and locking via Velcro or ratchet buckles, and the aforementioned main housing is used to carry and support the aforementioned sensing and recognition system, the aforementioned execution and puncture system, and the aforementioned monitoring and analysis system.

[0029] For example, the aforementioned fixation and support system is used to provide a stable and reliable wearing base for the whole device, and to create stable structural conditions for the accuracy and safety of subsequent vascular identification, automatic puncture and blood gas monitoring.

[0030] Specifically, the aforementioned fixation and support system includes a medical-grade flexible wristband and a main body housing. The medical-grade flexible wristband is used to fix the device to the patient's wrist, enabling the device to continuously conform to the area where the radial artery is located and suppress slippage or rotation during the wearing process, thereby reducing recognition and puncture deviations caused by relative positional changes.

[0031] To improve wearing comfort and stability, the inner side of the aforementioned medical-grade flexible wristband is equipped with a flexible pad. This flexible pad can form a buffer and fit layer between the wristband and the skin. On the one hand, it reduces the local pressure and friction irritation on the skin caused by long-term wear. On the other hand, it enhances the device's anti-displacement ability on the wrist surface by increasing the contact area and improving fit consistency. This allows the device to maintain a relatively stable installation position even under slight patient movement, changes in skin elasticity, or differences in wrist circumference.

[0032] Regarding adjustment and locking, the aforementioned medical-grade flexible wristband achieves length adjustment and locking through Velcro or ratchet buckles. This allows wearers to quickly adjust the tightness according to different patients' wrist circumferences and reliably lock the wristband after adjustment, preventing it from loosening during use. The Velcro structure facilitates quick assembly and disassembly and fine adjustments, making it suitable for scenarios requiring frequent wear and replacement. The ratchet buckle structure provides a more precise, stepped locking effect, suitable for continuous monitoring scenarios with higher requirements for stability. Through these adjustment and locking methods, the aforementioned fixation and support system balances adaptability, ease of operation, and stability reliability.

[0033] Meanwhile, the aforementioned main housing serves to carry and support the aforementioned sensing and identification system, the aforementioned execution and puncture system, and the aforementioned monitoring and analysis system, ensuring a relatively stable assembly relationship among the functional modules within the main housing. Since vessel recognition, puncture execution, and blood gas monitoring are continuous and collaborative processes, requirements are placed on the relative positional accuracy, assembly stability, and vibration resistance of each module. By providing structural support and spatial constraints, the aforementioned main housing ensures that the skin-facing working end of the sensing and identification system, the puncture output end of the execution and puncture system, and the acquisition and transmission path of the monitoring and analysis system maintain a consistent geometric reference relationship during operation. This improves the matching between recognition results and puncture execution and ensures the continuity and reliability of the monitoring process.

[0034] In summary, this embodiment, through the comfortable and stable wearing design of the medical-grade flexible wristband and flexible padding, and the structural guarantee of the main body shell for the integrated bearing and support of multiple systems, enables the device to work stably for a long time under clinical wearing conditions, providing a stable installation foundation and reliable structural conditions for automatic puncture and blood gas monitoring.

[0035] In one feasible implementation, the above-described sensing and recognition system includes a near-infrared light source array, a near-infrared image sensor, and a processor for performing image processing; The aforementioned near-infrared light source array and the aforementioned near-infrared image sensor together constitute a near-infrared imaging module. A transparent optical window is provided in front of the aforementioned near-infrared imaging module, and the aforementioned optical window comes into contact with the skin during use. The aforementioned near-infrared light source array and near-infrared image sensor are fixed inside the aforementioned main housing and connected to the aforementioned main controller via ribbon cables. They are used to acquire near-infrared reflection images of subcutaneous blood vessels and transmit the corresponding blood vessel identification data to the aforementioned main controller.

[0036] For example, the aforementioned sensing and recognition system serves as the core of the device for vascular positioning. It is used to acquire vascular image information of the subcutaneous radial artery region without invasiveness and to provide the recognition results to the aforementioned main controller in the form of data, providing a reliable basis for the automatic puncture control of the aforementioned execution and puncture system.

[0037] Specifically, the aforementioned sensing and recognition system includes a near-infrared light source array, a near-infrared image sensor, and a processor for performing image processing. The near-infrared light source array emits near-infrared light into subcutaneous tissue, and the near-infrared image sensor receives the reflected / scattered echo signals of the near-infrared light from the subcutaneous tissue and converts them into image data that can be processed. The processor performs image processing on the image data to generate result data that can be used for blood vessel recognition. Through this combination, the near-infrared light source array and the near-infrared image sensor together constitute a near-infrared imaging module, thereby realizing an integrated function of imaging acquisition and recognition output of subcutaneous blood vessels.

[0038] To ensure the stability and consistency of the imaging acquisition process, a transparent optical window is provided at the front of the aforementioned near-infrared imaging module, which comes into contact with the skin during use. This design provides a stable incident and receiving interface for the optical path during operation, reducing signal fluctuations caused by interference from ambient light and changes in the wearing gap. Furthermore, it creates a relatively fixed imaging reference surface during device wear, ensuring a relatively stable output light from the near-infrared light source array and a relatively stable receiving field of view from the near-infrared image sensor, thereby improving the clarity and repeatability of vascular images.

[0039] In terms of structural integration, the aforementioned near-infrared light source array and the aforementioned near-infrared image sensor are fixed inside the aforementioned main body housing, so that the aforementioned sensing and recognition system and the wearing reference of the device maintain a stable relative positional relationship, avoiding vascular image drift caused by module shaking or relative displacement.

[0040] Meanwhile, the aforementioned near-infrared light source array and near-infrared image sensor are connected to the main controller via ribbon cables, thereby enabling rapid transmission of image data and recognition results within the system. In specific operation, the near-infrared image sensor acquires near-infrared reflection images of subcutaneous blood vessels and outputs them to the processor for processing. The processor then transmits the obtained blood vessel recognition data to the main controller, enabling the main controller to locate and determine the blood vessel target and schedule the process accordingly, and further issue puncture control commands to the execution and puncture system.

[0041] With the above settings, this embodiment can achieve stable acquisition and recognition data output of subcutaneous vascular images while wearing the device, enabling the device to automatically identify and locate the radial artery region, and providing a front-end sensing basis and data input channel for the continuous and coordinated operation of subsequent automatic puncture and blood gas monitoring.

[0042] In one feasible implementation, the above-mentioned execution and puncture system includes a miniature high-precision stepper motor, a linear guide mechanism, a puncture needle holder, and a disposable sterile puncture needle; The aforementioned stepper motor is connected to the lead screw of the aforementioned linear guide mechanism via a coupling. The aforementioned puncture needle holder is fixed on the slider of the guide mechanism. The aforementioned miniature high-precision stepper motor is driven by the aforementioned main controller, which controls the aforementioned puncture needle holder and the aforementioned disposable sterile puncture needle to perform positioning and puncture operations. The aforementioned disposable sterile puncture needle is a 24G-22G arterial indwelling needle, and the aforementioned disposable sterile puncture needle is placed in a sterile chamber.

[0043] For example, the aforementioned execution and puncture system serves as the mechanical execution core of the device, used to convert the puncture control command output by the main controller into controllable and repeatable mechanical motion, thereby realizing automatic positioning and puncture of the radial artery region, and forming a closed-loop collaboration of "recognition-execution" with the aforementioned front-end sensing and recognition system.

[0044] Specifically, the aforementioned execution and puncture system includes a miniature high-precision stepper motor, a linear guide mechanism, a puncture needle holder, and a disposable sterile puncture needle. The miniature high-precision stepper motor provides precisely controllable driving force, while the linear guide mechanism guides and limits the movement process to ensure stable direction and consistent trajectory. The puncture needle holder secures and maintains the posture of the disposable sterile puncture needle, enabling it to maintain a predetermined relative position and perform the puncture action during movement.

[0045] In terms of transmission and assembly, the stepper motor is connected to the lead screw of the linear guide mechanism via a coupling, enabling the rotational motion of the stepper motor to be converted into linear displacement along the guide direction. The puncture needle holder is fixed to the slider of the linear guide mechanism, allowing the linear displacement of the slider to directly drive the puncture needle holder and the disposable sterile puncture needle it holds to move synchronously. Through this structural cooperation, the execution and puncture system can achieve controllable output of the puncture needle advance amount, advance speed, and advance process, meeting the requirements of stability and controllability for automatic puncture.

[0046] In terms of control, the aforementioned miniature high-precision stepper motor is driven by the aforementioned main controller. The main controller outputs control signals to the stepper motor according to the device's workflow, causing the stepper motor to drive the aforementioned linear guide mechanism and the aforementioned puncture needle holder to perform corresponding actions, thereby controlling the aforementioned disposable sterile puncture needle to complete the positioning and puncture operation. Because the stepper motor has pulse-controlled step distance characteristics, the aforementioned main controller can achieve fine-tuning of the needle movement by controlling the drive signals, making the puncture process have good repeatability and consistency, and reducing the uncertainty caused by differences in human experience.

[0047] Regarding consumables and aseptic assurance, the aforementioned disposable sterile puncture needle is a 24G-22G arterial indwelling needle, which not only meets the needle specifications and clinical compatibility required for arterial puncture but also facilitates the subsequent use of the indwelling catheter after successful puncture. Simultaneously, the disposable sterile puncture needle is placed in a sterile chamber, ensuring that the puncture needle is in a relatively closed sterile environment during storage, standby, and execution phases, reducing the risk of external contamination from the source and guaranteeing that the puncture process meets clinical aseptic requirements. Through the combined design of the sterile chamber and the disposable sterile puncture needle, this embodiment achieves both mechanical integration of the execution mechanism and ensures hygiene and safety and ease of replacement during clinical use.

[0048] In summary, the execution and puncture system described above in this embodiment uses a transmission and guidance link consisting of a stepper motor, coupling, lead screw, linear guide mechanism, slider, and clamp to stably convert the control signal into the linear motion output of the puncture needle. Combined with the 24G-22G arterial indwelling needle and sterile chamber design, it improves the controllability, repeatability, and aseptic safety of the puncture process while meeting the requirements for automatic positioning and automatic puncture.

[0049] In one feasible implementation, the monitoring and analysis system includes a microflow path, a micro blood gas sensor, a micro peristaltic pump, and a heparinization device. The aforementioned microfluidic pathway is an extremely fine tube that connects to the puncture needle catheter for delivering blood samples; The aforementioned miniature blood gas sensor is based on photoelectric or electrochemical principles and is directly integrated into the microfluidic path to detect the pH value, carbon dioxide partial pressure, and oxygen partial pressure parameters of blood in real time, and transmit the data to the aforementioned main controller. The aforementioned miniature peristaltic pump is used to control the formation of a small circulation of blood samples in the microfluidic path, ensuring that the blood flows back after a brief contact with the sensor, achieving near-continuous real-time monitoring, while avoiding a large amount of blood leaving the body; The aforementioned heparinization device is used to prevent blood clotting and ensure the stability of blood samples during the testing process.

[0050] For example, the aforementioned monitoring and analysis system serves as the core of the device for acquiring physiological information. After puncture is completed and a blood access is established, it performs continuous or near-continuous detection of arterial blood samples with small doses and low disturbances, and feeds back the detection results to the aforementioned main controller in the form of data to support real-time monitoring and remote viewing.

[0051] Specifically, the aforementioned monitoring and analysis system includes a microfluidic path, a miniature blood gas sensor, a miniature peristaltic pump, and a heparinization device. These components work together to form a closed-loop detection chain of "sampling—transportation—detection—recirculation—anticoagulation." The microfluidic path is an extremely fine tubular structure, with one end connected to the puncture needle catheter to connect the established blood pathway to the monitoring unit, thereby enabling the introduction and delivery of blood samples. Due to the small channel size of the microfluidic path, it can reduce the volume of blood outside the body and the risk of external exposure while ensuring detection requirements, making it suitable for miniaturized, continuous monitoring scenarios.

[0052] In the detection phase, the aforementioned miniature blood gas sensor, based on photoelectric or electrochemical principles, is directly integrated into the microfluidic path. This allows the blood sample to make effective contact with the detection interface of the miniature blood gas sensor as it flows through the microfluidic path, thereby enabling real-time detection of blood gas parameters such as pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and partial pressure of oxygen. The miniature blood gas sensor converts the detected signals into processable data and transmits this data to the main controller. The main controller then records the monitoring results, analyzes trends, determines the status, or further uploads the data to the cloud for remote viewing by doctors.

[0053] To achieve near-continuous real-time monitoring and reduce blood consumption, the aforementioned monitoring and analysis system also includes a miniature peristaltic pump. This miniature peristaltic pump drives the blood sample to form a small circulation within the microfluidic path, allowing controlled delivery of the blood sample during the detection process. The blood briefly contacts the miniature blood gas sensor before flowing back, thus forming a "short-time ex vivo – rapid detection – recirculation reset" operating mode. This approach enables continuous or high-frequency monitoring output, improving monitoring timeliness; it also significantly reduces the amount of blood sample removed from the body, avoiding blood waste from frequent blood draws or additional burden on patients, and helps reduce changes in blood properties caused by prolonged external contact.

[0054] Furthermore, since blood is more prone to coagulation or microthrombi in a microfluidic environment due to stagnation, shearing, or contact interfaces, this embodiment further incorporates a heparinization device to prevent blood coagulation and maintain unobstructed flow. This heparinization device, by anticoagulating the blood contact environment within the microfluidic path, ensures good fluidity of the blood sample during transport, detection, and return, preventing blood from clotting on the surface of the microfluidic path or the miniature blood gas sensor. This reduces the risk of blockage, drift, or inaccurate detection, ensuring the continuity of the monitoring process and the stability and reliability of the detection results.

[0055] In summary, this embodiment achieves near-continuous real-time monitoring of arterial blood gas parameters in wearable scenarios through the synergistic design of "micro-volume delivery via microfluidic path", "integrated detection by micro blood gas sensors", "small-scale circulation reflux of micro peristaltic pump", and "anticoagulation protection of heparinization device". This not only improves the immediacy and sustainability of monitoring, but also reduces the amount of blood leaving the body and the risk of coagulation, thereby improving overall clinical suitability and safety of use.

[0056] In one feasible implementation, the main controller uploads the device's status and real-time data to the cloud via the wireless communication module, authorizing doctors to remotely view the data via mobile phones, tablets, or hospital workstations.

[0057] For example, the aforementioned main controller, as the core control unit of the wearable automated near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device, is responsible for coordinating and controlling the operation of various systems within the device, including the sensing and recognition system, the execution and puncture system, and the monitoring and analysis system. The main controller can not only process the real-time data collected by each system, but also make decisions based on the set workflow and generate control commands to drive the actions of related systems. To achieve more efficient clinical applications and remote monitoring functions, the main controller uploads the device's status and real-time data to the cloud via a wireless communication module.

[0058] Specifically, the main controller first receives data from various systems, such as vessel localization results, puncture execution status, and blood gas monitoring parameters. Then, via a wireless communication module, the main controller transmits this data to a cloud server in real time. After receiving this data, the cloud server can store, process, and analyze it for further decision support or historical data analysis.

[0059] Authorized physicians can remotely view data using devices such as smartphones, tablets, or hospital workstations. Through dedicated medical applications or platforms, physicians can monitor the device's operational status in real time, view patients' blood gas data and puncture procedures, and make clinical decisions as needed. This remote viewing capability not only improves physician efficiency and reduces face-to-face consultation time but also enables continuous patient monitoring, providing significant convenience, especially in scenarios requiring 24-hour patient tracking.

[0060] In addition, cloud data transmission also has data encryption and secure transmission mechanisms to ensure the privacy and security of medical data, prevent data from being attacked or leaked during transmission, and comply with the security standards of the medical industry.

[0061] Through the above design, this embodiment realizes the remote monitoring function of the hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device. It can not only provide real-time blood gas monitoring and puncture results, but also store and analyze data in the cloud, providing doctors with effective decision support, while improving the remote accessibility and convenience of medical services.

[0062] In one feasible implementation, the energy system includes a rechargeable lithium battery and a power management circuit, which is electrically connected to the main controller to provide power to each system.

[0063] For example, the aforementioned energy system serves as the power supply unit for the hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device, responsible for providing stable power support to each system and ensuring that the device can operate stably during continuous use.

[0064] Specifically, the aforementioned energy system includes a rechargeable lithium battery and a power management circuit. The rechargeable lithium battery is a high-energy-density, long-life, and highly safe lithium battery, providing the necessary power to the device through its internal battery cells. Since this is a wearable device, the battery's portability and long battery life are key design considerations. Therefore, the rechargeable lithium battery can be fully charged in a short time and supports continuous operation for several hours after a single charge, meeting the needs of patients for extended wear.

[0065] To ensure efficient battery power management and safe use, the aforementioned power management circuit is electrically connected to the main controller. The main function of the power management circuit is to monitor the battery's state of charge, ensuring that the battery is not over-discharged or over-charged, thereby extending its lifespan. The power management circuit is also responsible for regulating the power demands of different systems, dynamically allocating power according to the operating status of each system to prevent excessive battery consumption and ensure stable operation of each system.

[0066] The connection between the main controller and the power management circuit enables the main controller to acquire battery power data in real time and allocate power accordingly. The main controller not only coordinates the work between systems but also optimizes power distribution through the power management circuit to ensure that critical systems such as the sensing and identification system, the execution and penetration system, the monitoring and analysis system, and the wireless communication module receive sufficient power during operation.

[0067] In addition, the aforementioned power management circuit also includes overcurrent protection, overtemperature protection, and short-circuit protection to ensure battery safety under various abnormal conditions. These safety designs prevent the battery from overheating, causing fires or explosions due to external factors, ensuring the safety and reliability of the device during use.

[0068] In summary, this embodiment, through the configuration of a rechargeable lithium battery and a power management circuit, enables the device to operate stably for extended periods during wear, while ensuring efficient and safe power supply. The intelligent regulation and safety protection functions of the power management circuit allow the energy system to provide power efficiently while also ensuring battery life and safety, meeting the power requirements for continuous monitoring and puncture procedures in clinical applications.

[0069] In one feasible implementation, the conventional puncture port and the monitoring flow path are connected. The conventional puncture port is connected in parallel with the monitoring flow path through a three-way valve or a branch flow path. When the automatic system does not need to be started or the doctor needs to manually draw a large amount of blood, the doctor can directly screw a standard syringe onto the port to draw blood.

[0070] For example, the aforementioned conventional puncture interface serves as an alternative operating channel for the hand-worn automated near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device, providing physicians with the flexibility to operate when the automated system is unavailable or manual intervention is required.

[0071] Specifically, the aforementioned traditional puncture port is connected to the aforementioned monitoring flow path, and is connected in parallel with the monitoring flow path via a three-way valve or a branch flow path. This design allows doctors to manually control the extraction of blood samples when the automatic system is not activated or in non-operating mode, thereby avoiding additional inconvenience or delays for patients.

[0072] The aforementioned traditional puncture interface uses a standard Luer connector, compatible with commonly used clinical syringes, allowing physicians to quickly and easily screw the syringe onto the interface for operation. Through this interface, physicians can directly connect the syringe to the blood supply and draw larger volumes of blood for further laboratory testing or other clinical uses when necessary. This design ensures the flexibility of the device in practical clinical applications, meeting diverse clinical needs, especially providing a simple and effective operating method when obtaining larger blood samples.

[0073] Furthermore, the aforementioned three-way valve or branch flow path ensures the safety and stability of blood flow. When connecting the traditional puncture interface and the monitoring flow path, the three-way valve or branch flow path allows for flexible switching of blood sample flow direction. When the automatic system is activated, blood samples are monitored and detected in real time through the monitoring flow path; when the automatic system is paused or manual intervention is required, the doctor draws blood samples through the aforementioned traditional puncture interface, without affecting the normal operation of the monitoring flow path or the stability of the blood sample.

[0074] In summary, this embodiment achieves a smooth transition between automated and manual operation through the design of a traditional puncture interface and a three-way valve / branch flow path. This design provides additional operational flexibility during automated puncture and blood gas monitoring, ensuring that physicians can manually draw blood when needed, meeting different clinical requirements for blood sample volume, while ensuring the safety and effectiveness of blood sample collection.

[0075] In one feasible implementation, the stepper motor of the aforementioned execution and puncture system is connected to the lead screw of the aforementioned linear guide mechanism via a coupling, the aforementioned puncture needle holder is fixed on the slider of the guide mechanism, the aforementioned stepper motor is driven by the aforementioned main controller, and the aforementioned control system precisely controls the angle and depth of the puncture needle.

[0076] For example, the aforementioned execution and puncture system, as the core component of the wearable automated near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device, is responsible for converting the control signals from the main controller into specific mechanical actions, thereby completing the precise puncture of the patient's artery. The working principle of this system involves the close cooperation of a stepper motor, a linear guide mechanism, and a puncture needle holder to achieve precise control over the puncture angle, depth, and position.

[0077] Specifically, the stepper motor of the aforementioned execution and puncture system is connected to the lead screw of the linear guide mechanism via a coupling. The stepper motor provides a stable and controllable driving force to the puncture needle holder by precisely controlling the step size and rotation direction. The coupling ensures reliable power transmission between the stepper motor and the linear guide mechanism, thereby enabling the puncture needle holder to move precisely along a predetermined path.

[0078] The lead screw in the aforementioned linear guide mechanism converts the rotational motion of the stepper motor into linear motion along the axial direction, enabling the puncture needle holder to be positioned and moved precisely in the axial direction. The lead screw design ensures the smoothness and accuracy of the puncture needle during movement, preventing excessive deviation during the puncture operation and ensuring that the puncture needle advances along the correct trajectory.

[0079] The puncture needle holder is fixed to the slider of the guide mechanism, which moves smoothly along the track of the linear guide mechanism under the drive of a lead screw. The puncture needle holder stably grips the puncture needle and, under precise control, pushes the needle to complete the puncture action. As the puncture needle holder moves, it precisely positions the puncture needle to the predetermined target blood vessel and performs puncture at the appropriate angle and depth.

[0080] The aforementioned stepper motor is driven by the main controller. Based on the blood vessel positioning information from the sensing and recognition system, the main controller accurately calculates the target position and depth of the puncture needle, and drives the puncture needle holder via the stepper motor to complete positioning, puncture, and catheter placement operations. The main controller also controls the stepper motor system to adjust the angle and depth of the puncture needle in real time to ensure the accuracy and safety of the puncture operation. Typically, the angle of the puncture needle is within the range of 30-45 degrees, entering the blood vessel at the optimal angle. The puncture depth is precisely adjusted by controlling the stepping amount of the motor to ensure that the posterior wall of the blood vessel is not damaged after puncture.

[0081] Through the above design, the execution and puncture system of this embodiment, by utilizing the cooperation of a stepper motor, a linear guide mechanism, and a precision control system, successfully achieves precise control of automatic puncture, avoiding the errors and instabilities that may occur in the traditional manual puncture process, and improving the success rate of puncture and patient safety.

[0082] In one feasible implementation, the aforementioned sensing and recognition system is configured to image and recognize subcutaneous blood vessels based on near-infrared light signals, and send the obtained blood vessel recognition results to the aforementioned main controller in the form of data, in order to assist the aforementioned execution and puncture system in completing automatic puncture decisions.

[0083] For example, the aforementioned sensing and recognition system, as one of the key modules of the wearable automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device, is mainly responsible for imaging and recognizing subcutaneous blood vessels through near-infrared light signals and providing the obtained blood vessel positioning information to the main controller to assist in subsequent automatic puncture decisions.

[0084] Specifically, the aforementioned sensing and recognition system is configured to image and identify subcutaneous blood vessels based on near-infrared light signals. A near-infrared light source array emits near-infrared light of specific wavelengths (typically 750-1100nm). These light signals have good penetrability, allowing them to penetrate the skin surface and reach the blood vessels, where they undergo specific light absorption and reflection interactions with hemoglobin in the blood. After collection and analysis of the reflected light signals, the system generates image data of the subcutaneous blood vessels and analyzes this image data using image processing algorithms to identify important parameters such as the location, depth, and diameter of the blood vessels.

[0085] Once the subcutaneous blood vessel imaging information is acquired by the near-infrared sensor, the aforementioned sensing and recognition system sends the processed vessel identification results to the main controller in data form. The main controller further processes this vessel positioning data to determine the optimal puncture location and angle, providing precise decision-making basis for automated puncture. In this way, the sensing and recognition system and the execution and puncture system form a close collaborative relationship, achieving highly accurate positioning during automated puncture.

[0086] Furthermore, based on the vascular positioning data provided by the sensing and recognition system, the main controller further schedules and executes components such as the stepper motor, linear guide mechanism, and puncture needle holder in the puncture system, precisely controlling the angle, depth, and position of the puncture needle to complete the puncture of the target blood vessel. This process is entirely automated, requiring no manual intervention, ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of the puncture.

[0087] Through the above design, the sensing and recognition system of this embodiment can efficiently and accurately perform vascular imaging and recognition, and transmit relevant information to the main controller to assist the execution and puncture system in making precise puncture decisions, thereby achieving automated and accurate vascular puncture operations. This not only improves the success rate of punctures but also reduces human error, enhancing patient safety and comfort.

[0088] In one feasible implementation, such as Figures 2-5 As shown. Please refer to [the original text]. Figure 2 The illustration schematically shows the overall wearing structure of the hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device in this embodiment. The device has a wristband structure, with the main body housing positioned at the corresponding position of the radial artery on the patient's wrist and fixed to the outside of the wrist by the wristband, so that the device maintains a stable relative position with the target blood vessel area when worn.

[0089] Please see Figure 3The diagram schematically illustrates the internal structural layout in direction A. This device integrates an energy system, a wireless communication module, a main controller, and a monitoring and analysis system, with a near-infrared imaging unit positioned on the side closest to the skin. This near-infrared imaging unit includes a near-infrared light source array, a near-infrared image sensor, and a processor integrating image processing algorithms, used for near-infrared imaging of the subcutaneous radial artery region when the device is worn. The main controller is electrically connected to the near-infrared imaging unit, used to receive and process vascular imaging data, thereby generating vascular localization and identification results.

[0090] Please see Figure 4 The diagram schematically illustrates the internal structure in direction B and its relative relationship to human skin and blood vessels. Part of the execution and puncture system, as well as monitoring and analysis systems, are located within this area. The execution and puncture system includes a stepper motor and a puncture needle. Under the control of the main controller, the stepper motor drives the puncture needle to move along a predetermined direction and depth, enabling the puncture needle to automatically complete the puncture operation after identifying the target blood vessel. After the puncture needle penetrates the skin and enters the blood vessel, it connects with the subsequent blood gas detection pathway. Simultaneously, a near-infrared light source array is positioned near the skin to continuously image and confirm the blood vessel before puncture, thereby improving puncture accuracy.

[0091] For blood gas testing, please refer to [the relevant documentation / reference]. Figure 5 . Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the working principle of the blood gas detection signal link in the monitoring and analysis system. After the blood sample enters the tubing system via a puncture needle, it is guided to the capillary region within the microfluidic path. This region integrates a CO2 electrode, an O2 electrode, a pH reference electrode, and a pH electrode to detect the partial pressure of carbon dioxide, the partial pressure of oxygen, and the pH value in the blood. The weak electrical signals output from each electrode are amplified by a detection amplification circuit, converted into digital signals by an analog-to-digital converter, and finally transmitted to the main controller. The main controller processes, stores, and interprets the blood gas parameters and can upload the monitoring results to the cloud in real time via a wireless communication module for remote viewing by physicians.

[0092] During operation, the device in this embodiment is first stably worn on the patient's wrist using a fixation and support system. Subsequently, the sensing and recognition system activates, performing near-infrared imaging of the subcutaneous radial artery and locating the vessel. After confirming the target vessel location, the main controller sends control commands to the execution and puncture system, driving the puncture needle to complete automatic puncture. After successful puncture, blood enters the monitoring and analysis system for blood gas parameter detection; the detection data is processed by the main controller and can be displayed in real time or uploaded to the cloud. Simultaneously, when the automatic system does not require activation or manual operation is needed, a syringe can be directly connected via a traditional puncture interface for manual blood draw, thus balancing automation and traditional clinical operation requirements.

[0093] Through the above structural and process design, this embodiment achieves the integrated integration of automatic blood vessel identification, precise puncture and real-time blood gas monitoring, which significantly improves the success rate and monitoring efficiency of radial artery puncture, reduces the clinical risks caused by repeated punctures, and has good clinical adaptability and practical value.

[0094] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device, characterized in that, include: The system includes a fixation and support system, a sensing and identification system, an execution and puncture system, a monitoring and analysis system, a control and communication system, an energy system, and a traditional puncture interface, wherein the control and communication system includes a main controller and a wireless communication module; The sensing and recognition system, the execution and puncture system, the monitoring and analysis system communicate with the main controller. The main controller receives and processes the data from each system, coordinates and controls the puncture operation of the execution and puncture system, and controls the working status of each system. The control and communication system uploads the device's status and real-time data to the cloud via the wireless communication module, allowing doctors to view it remotely. The energy system provides electricity to all systems; The traditional puncture interface and monitoring flow path are connected, allowing doctors to manually draw blood samples when the automatic system does not need to be activated.

2. The hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixation and support system includes a medical-grade flexible wristband and a main body housing. The medical-grade flexible wristband is used to fix the device to the patient's wrist, and a flexible pad is provided on the inner side of the medical-grade flexible wristband. The medical-grade flexible wristband achieves length adjustment and locking through Velcro or ratchet buckles, and the main housing is used to carry and support the sensing and recognition system, the execution and puncture system, and the monitoring and analysis system.

3. The hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sensing and recognition system includes a near-infrared light source array, a near-infrared image sensor, and a processor for performing image processing; The near-infrared light source array and the near-infrared image sensor together constitute a near-infrared imaging module. A transparent optical window is provided in front of the near-infrared imaging module, and the optical window comes into contact with the skin during use. The near-infrared light source array and the near-infrared image sensor are fixed inside the main housing and connected to the main controller via ribbon cables. They are used to acquire near-infrared reflection images of subcutaneous blood vessels and transmit the corresponding blood vessel identification data to the main controller.

4. The hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The execution and puncture system includes a miniature high-precision stepper motor, a linear guide mechanism, a puncture needle holder, and a disposable sterile puncture needle; The stepper motor is connected to the lead screw of the linear guide mechanism via a coupling. The puncture needle holder is fixed on the slider of the guide mechanism. The miniature high-precision stepper motor is driven by the main controller to control the puncture needle holder and the disposable sterile puncture needle to perform positioning and puncture operations. The disposable sterile puncture needle is a 24G-22G arterial indwelling needle, and the disposable sterile puncture needle is placed in a sterile chamber.

5. The hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring and analysis system includes a microflow path, a micro blood gas sensor, a micro peristaltic pump, and a heparinization device; The microfluidic path is an extremely fine tube that connects to the puncture needle catheter and is used to deliver blood samples; The miniature blood gas sensor is based on photoelectric or electrochemical principles and is directly integrated into the microfluidic path. It is used to detect the pH value, carbon dioxide partial pressure and oxygen partial pressure of blood in real time and transmit the data to the main controller. The micro-peristaltic pump is used to control the formation of a small circulation of blood samples in the microflow path, ensuring that the blood flows back after a brief contact with the sensor, achieving near-continuous real-time monitoring, while avoiding a large amount of blood leaving the body; The heparinization device is used to prevent blood clotting and ensure the stability of blood samples during the testing process.

6. The hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main controller uploads the device's status and real-time data to the cloud via the wireless communication module, allowing authorized doctors to remotely view the data via mobile phones, tablets, or hospital workstations.

7. The hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy system includes a rechargeable lithium battery and a power management circuit, which is electrically connected to the main controller to provide power to each system.

8. The hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conventional puncture port is connected to the monitoring flow path. The conventional puncture port is connected in parallel with the monitoring flow path through a three-way valve or a branch flow path. When the automatic system does not need to be started or the doctor needs to manually draw a large amount of blood, the doctor can directly screw a standard syringe onto the port to draw blood.

9. The hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The stepper motor of the execution and puncture system is connected to the lead screw of the linear guide mechanism via a coupling. The puncture needle holder is fixed on the slider of the guide mechanism. The stepper motor is driven by the main controller. The control system precisely controls the angle and depth of the puncture needle.

10. The hand-worn automatic near-infrared radial artery puncture and blood gas monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing and recognition system is configured to image and recognize subcutaneous blood vessels based on near-infrared light signals, and send the obtained blood vessel recognition results to the main controller in the form of data to assist the execution and puncture system in making automatic puncture decisions.

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