A lighting device and a method of adjusting the heat dissipation and sealing state

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of lighting equipment and adjusting method of adaptive adjustment of heat dissipation and sealing state, equipment includes substrate, metal bellows, light emitting unit, fixed cover body and movable cover body, cooling cavity for cooling liquid flow is equipped inside substrate, light emitting unit is arranged on the upper surface of substrate, fixed cover body is fixed on the upper surface of substrate and is arranged around the periphery of light emitting unit, fixed cover body is equipped with top opening, movable cover body is elastically arranged relative to fixed cover body and can open or close top opening, metal bellows is arranged close to light emitting unit, metal bellows is filled with phase change working substance, to be able to absorb heat and elongate;When metal bellows is not elongated, movable cover body closes top opening under the action of elastic force, when metal bellows is elongated due to temperature rise, to drive movable cover body to open top opening.The application can be adaptively switched between two states of complete sealing and open heat dissipation, and the flexibility and applicability of use are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lighting equipment technology, and in particular to a lighting device and adjustment method with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Existing outdoor or high-power lighting equipment faces a persistent and irreconcilable conflict between heat dissipation design and sealing protection. To ensure waterproof and dustproof reliability, luminaires typically employ completely sealed housings, which severely hinders the dissipation of internal heat. For high-power-density LED light-emitting units, the accumulated heat will lead to luminous efficacy degradation, color temperature drift, and a significant reduction in lifespan.

[0003] To improve heat dissipation, common solutions in existing technologies all have significant drawbacks: First, adding heat dissipation fins to the sealed housing relies solely on passive heat conduction, offering limited improvement in heat dissipation capacity and failing to cope with transient high loads. Second, adding manually or electrically operated ventilation holes to the housing, or installing internal circulating fans, compromises the protective integrity when open, easily introducing moisture and dust, resulting in low reliability in harsh outdoor environments, and increasing structural complexity and energy consumption. Third, using independent temperature control devices (such as temperature switches) in conjunction with motor-driven moving parts relies on circuits and sensors, leading to response delays, susceptibility of electronic components to failure in high-temperature and high-humidity environments, and additional power consumption, resulting in poor system stability and durability.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a lighting device that can fundamentally achieve automatic adaptive adjustment of heat dissipation and sealing conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a lighting device and adjustment method with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] On one hand, the present invention provides a lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states, including a substrate, a metal corrugated pipe, a light-emitting unit, a fixed cover, and a movable cover. The substrate has a cooling cavity for coolant circulation inside. The light-emitting unit is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate. The fixed cover is fixed to the upper surface of the substrate and arranged around the periphery of the light-emitting unit. The fixed cover has a top opening. The movable cover is elastically disposed relative to the fixed cover and can open or close the top opening. The metal corrugated pipe is arranged close to the light-emitting unit and is filled with a phase change working fluid, thereby absorbing heat and elongating. When the metal corrugated pipe is not elongated, the movable cover closes the top opening under the action of elasticity. When the metal corrugated pipe elongates due to temperature rise, it drives the movable cover to open the top opening.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a transmission assembly, which includes a shaft, a transmission rod, and a connecting column. The connecting column is arranged perpendicular to the metal bellows and the shaft. The transmission rod is movably sleeved on the connecting column. The fixed cover and the movable cover are hinged through the shaft. The shaft is also provided with a torsion spring, which applies a closing force to the movable cover. The end of the transmission rod near the metal bellows is provided with a cam, and the end of the transmission rod near the shaft is connected to the shaft gear. When the metal bellows elongates due to temperature rise, the metal bellows will apply a thrust to the cam, causing the transmission rod to rotate relative to the connecting column, thereby causing the shaft to drive the movable cover to move in the opening direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the substrate is provided with a mounting groove, the metal bellows is disposed in the mounting groove, the metal bellows includes a free end and a fixed end, the fixed end is fixed in the mounting groove, the free end is provided with a pushing part extending along the length direction of the metal bellows, the cam is provided with a pushing limiting groove corresponding to the position of the pushing part, the pushing part can be embedded in the pushing limiting groove and push the transmission rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the shaft has a first gear portion at one end near the transmission rod, and the transmission rod has a second gear portion at one end near the shaft, with the first gear portion and the second gear portion meshing.

[0011] Furthermore, a connecting portion extends downward on one side of the movable cover, and an ear plate is provided on one side of the fixed cover. A bearing hole is provided on the ear plate, and a ball bearing is installed in the bearing hole. The shaft is connected to the inner ring of the ball bearing, and the connecting portion is fixedly connected to the shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the substrate includes an upper plate and a lower plate, which together form the cooling cavity. The cooling cavity includes a flow distribution cavity, a flow collection cavity, and multiple parallel flow channels arranged side by side. The two ends of the multiple parallel flow channels are respectively connected to the flow distribution cavity and the flow collection cavity. The substrate has a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet at both ends. The liquid inlet is connected to the flow distribution cavity and is used to inject coolant. The liquid outlet is connected to the flow collection cavity and is used to allow coolant to flow out.

[0013] Furthermore, both the diversion cavity and the collection cavity are provided with several protrusions.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes an inlet connector, an outlet connector, an inlet pipe, and an outlet pipe. The inlet connector is connected to the inlet port, the inlet pipe is detachably connected to the inlet connector, the outlet connector is connected to the outlet port, and the outlet pipe is detachably connected to the outlet connector.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper end face of the fixed cover is provided with a sealing groove, and a sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove. When the movable cover closes the top opening under the action of elasticity, the inner surface of the movable cover is tightly attached to the sealing ring.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for adjusting a lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing conditions, comprising:

[0017] When the temperature of the heat source generated by the heat source of the lighting equipment rises to the opening threshold, the metal bellows undergoes positive deformation to elongate, thereby driving the movable cover to open from the closed position.

[0018] When the temperature of the heat source drops to the closing threshold, the metal bellows undergoes reverse deformation to contract, so that the movable cover returns to the closed position under the action of elasticity.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: This invention utilizes a metal bellows filled with a phase change working fluid as a thermal actuator. When the temperature of the core heat source of the lamp rises, the bellows absorbs heat, the working fluid undergoes a phase change, expands, and elongates, directly generating mechanical driving force. When the temperature drops, it automatically contracts. In this way, it achieves automatic switching between completely sealed and open heat dissipation states without the need for external sensors, controllers, and electric drive components. At low temperatures or normal conditions, the movable cover is closed, relying on the internal liquid-cooled substrate for efficient heat conduction and maintaining a complete seal, resulting in a high level of protection. When operating at high temperatures or high power, the movable cover automatically opens, forming an efficient air duct. Combined with the liquid-cooled substrate, it forms a hybrid heat dissipation mode, greatly improving the instantaneous heat dissipation capacity and fundamentally solving the contradiction between sealing and heat dissipation.

[0020] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented according to the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other objectives, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, preferred embodiments are described in detail below. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram (closed state) of a lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states provided for a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states, provided as a specific embodiment of the present invention, from another perspective (closed state).

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure (on state) of a lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states provided for a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 A partial structural diagram of a lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states, provided as a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 5 A partial structural diagram of a lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states, provided as a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of part A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 7 A partial structural diagram of a lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states, provided as a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the substrate provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of a lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states, provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of a lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states, provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 11 A cross-sectional view of a lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states, provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0033] Figure Labels

[0034] 1. Substrate; 11. Liquid inlet; 12. Mounting groove; 13. Upper plate; 14. Lower plate; 15. Cooling chamber; 151. Flow distribution chamber; 152. Flow collection chamber; 153. Parallel flow channel; 16. Protrusion; 2. Fixed cover; 21. Sealing groove; 22. Ear plate; 3. Movable cover; 31. Connecting part; 4. Liquid inlet connector; 5. Liquid outlet connector; 6. Water inlet pipe; 7. Water outlet pipe; 8. Metal bellows; 81. Free end; 811. Pushing part; 9. Transmission assembly; 91. Shaft; 911. First gear part; 92. Transmission rod; 921. Cam; 9211. Pushing limit groove; 922. Second gear part; 93. Connecting column; 100. Light-emitting unit; 200. Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0037] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0038] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0040] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0041] This invention provides a lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing conditions. This lighting device is particularly suitable for high-power floodlights and effect lights in large stadiums and performance stages, as well as high ceiling lights in industrial plants and large warehouses.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 11As shown, the lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states includes a substrate 1, a metal bellows 8, a light-emitting unit 100, a fixed cover 2, and a movable cover 3. The substrate 1 has a cooling chamber 15 for coolant circulation inside. The light-emitting unit 100 is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate 1. The fixed cover 2 is fixed to the upper surface of the substrate 1 and arranged around the periphery of the light-emitting unit 100. The fixed cover 2 has a top opening. The movable cover 3 is elastically disposed relative to the fixed cover 2 and can open or close the top opening. The metal bellows 8 is arranged close to the light-emitting unit 100. The metal bellows 8 is filled with a phase change working fluid, which can absorb heat and elongate. When the metal bellows 8 is not elongated, the movable cover 3 closes the top opening under the action of elasticity. When the metal bellows 8 elongates due to temperature rise, it drives the movable cover 3 to open the top opening.

[0043] Specifically, the substrate 1 is made of a metal material with high thermal conductivity, such as aluminum alloy or copper alloy, through machining, die casting or welding processes. The substrate 1 has a sealed cooling cavity 15 inside, within which coolant can circulate.

[0044] The light-emitting unit 100 is a surface-mount LED chip or a COB integrated light source, which is tightly attached to the central area of ​​the upper surface of the substrate 1 using high thermal conductivity silicone grease or a solder layer. The heat generated by the light-emitting unit 100 during operation is directly conducted to the substrate 1 below.

[0045] The fixing cover 2 is an annular frame structure with a bottom opening and a top opening. Its bottom is securely mounted to the upper surface edge of the substrate 1 by screws or clips, enclosing the light-emitting unit 100 inside. The top opening of the fixing cover 2 faces the light-emitting unit 100, serving as a light outlet and a potential airflow channel.

[0046] The movable cover 3 is a cover plate whose shape matches the top opening of the fixed cover 2, and one side of it is rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixed cover 2. To ensure that the movable cover 3 can reliably seal when closed, an elastic reset element is provided to apply a continuous closing force to the movable cover 3, thereby causing the movable cover 3 to tend to close the top opening of the fixed cover 2.

[0047] The metal bellows 8 is a closed tubular component made of flexible, thin-walled metal that can expand and contract axially. The metal bellows 8 is sealed with a phase change working fluid, such as paraffin wax with a defined melting point or a mixed-type thermally expanding organic liquid. The installation position of the metal bellows 8 must ensure that it can sensitively and quickly sense the thermal state of the light-emitting unit 100 and the substrate 1. It can be placed on the upper surface of the substrate 1 adjacent to the light-emitting unit 100, for example, embedded in a blind hole mounting groove 12 on the surface of the substrate 1 that is isolated from the cooling cavity 15. One end (fixed end) of the metal bellows 8 is rigidly fixed, while the other end is freely expandable and contractible. When the ambient temperature rises and reaches the active temperature point of the phase change working fluid, the volume of the phase change working fluid expands significantly, pushing the free end 81 of the metal bellows 8 to extend linearly outward; when the temperature drops, the working fluid volume contracts, and the metal bellows 8 retracts under its own material elasticity or external force.

[0048] During the initial startup or low-power operation of the lighting equipment, the temperature of the light-emitting unit 100 and the substrate 1 is low, and the phase change working fluid inside the metal bellows 8 is in a solid or volume-shrinking state, maintaining its minimum length. At this time, the movable cover 3, under the closing torque provided by the elastic reset element, tightly presses against the fixed cover 2, and the lighting equipment is in a completely sealed state. Almost all the internal heat is dissipated to the outside by the liquid cooling system inside the substrate 1, giving the equipment optimal dust and water resistance. As the workload increases or the ambient temperature rises, the heat generated by the light-emitting unit 100 causes the temperature of the substrate 1 to rise, and the temperature of the metal bellows 8, which is in close contact with it, rises synchronously. When the temperature reaches or exceeds the effective expansion initiation point of the phase change working fluid (i.e., the opening threshold), the working fluid begins to expand significantly, and the free end 81 of the metal bellows 8 elongates. This linear displacement drives the movable cover 3 to rotate and open. The opening of the movable cover 3 creates a physical opening at the top of the device, allowing external cool air to be introduced into the device via convection or a slight natural breeze. This air flows directly over the light-emitting unit 100 and the surface of the high-temperature substrate 1, providing efficient auxiliary cooling. At this point, the heat dissipation mode changes from a single liquid cooling method to a hybrid mode with liquid cooling as the primary method and enhanced air cooling, resulting in a significant increase in heat dissipation capacity. When the load decreases or the heat dissipation effect becomes apparent, and the temperature of the substrate 1 and the metal bellows 8 drops below the trigger point for working fluid contraction (i.e., the closing threshold), the free end 81 of the metal bellows 8 retracts. Under the continuous action of the elastic reset element, the movable cover 3 begins to rotate in the closing direction and eventually returns to a completely sealed state. This completes a full temperature-triggered adaptive adjustment cycle.

[0049] By using a metal bellows 8 filled with a phase change working fluid as a thermal actuator, when the temperature of the core heat source of the lamp rises, the bellows absorbs heat, the working fluid undergoes a phase change and expands, directly generating mechanical driving force; when the temperature drops, it automatically contracts. In this way, it achieves the elimination of the need for external sensors, controllers, and electric drive components, enabling the lighting equipment to automatically switch between completely sealed and open heat dissipation states. At low temperatures or normal conditions, the movable cover 3 is closed, relying on the internal liquid-cooled substrate 1 for efficient heat conduction and maintaining a complete seal, resulting in a high level of protection. When operating at high temperatures or high power, the movable cover 3 automatically opens, forming an efficient air duct, which, together with the liquid-cooled substrate 1, forms a hybrid heat dissipation mode, greatly improving the instantaneous heat dissipation capacity and fundamentally solving the contradiction between sealing and heat dissipation.

[0050] exist Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states further includes a transmission assembly 9, which comprises a shaft 91, a transmission rod 92, and a connecting column 93. Specifically, the connecting column 93 is a rigid support, the lower end of which is fixed to the substrate 1 by means of threaded connection, interference fit, or welding. The axial direction of the connecting column 93 is set to be approximately perpendicular to the central axis of the metal bellows 8, and also perpendicular to the axis of the shaft 91. This vertical arrangement provides a structural basis for the conversion of the direction of movement. The transmission rod 92 is a rigid rod with a through hole in its middle. Through this through hole, the transmission rod 92 is rotatably fitted onto the connecting column 93 by means of clearance fit or by means of sliding bearings or needle roller bearings. This allows the transmission rod 92 to rotate smoothly about the connecting column 93 in a plane parallel to the surface of the substrate 1. At one end of the transmission rod 92, i.e., the side near the free end 81 of the metal bellows 8, a cam 921 is machined or fixedly connected. The cam 921 has a specific profile surface that contacts the pusher portion 811 located at the free end 81 of the metal bellows 8. At the other end of the transmission rod 92, near the shaft 91, a second gear portion 922 is provided. This second gear portion 922 can be a sector gear machined directly at the end of the transmission rod 92, or it can be a fixedly mounted pinion.

[0051] The shaft 91 is a rotating shaft that enables the opening and closing movement of the movable cover 3. Its middle section is fixedly connected to the connecting part 31 of the movable cover 3, for example, by a key connection, pin connection, or welding, ensuring synchronous rotation of both. The shaft 91 is supported on the hinge plate 22 of the fixed cover 2 by bearings (such as ball bearings). A first gear part 911, such as a small gear coaxial with the shaft 91, is fixedly provided on the shaft 91 at a position corresponding to the second gear part 922 of the transmission rod 92. The first gear part 911 meshes with the second gear part 922 on the transmission rod 92, forming a gear pair. Thus, the oscillation of the transmission rod 92 around the connecting column 93 can be converted into the rotational motion of the shaft 91 via this gear pair.

[0052] In addition, a torsion spring (not shown in the figure) is fitted onto the shaft 91. One torsion arm of the torsion spring abuts against the fixed cover 2 or the base plate 1, and the other torsion arm abuts against the connecting part 31 of the movable cover 3 or the lug on the shaft 91. The torsion spring is pre-tensioned, thereby continuously applying a torque to the shaft 91, the direction of which is to drive the movable cover 3 to rotate in the closing direction.

[0053] When the lighting equipment is in a low temperature or low heat load state, the metal bellows 8 is in a state of natural contraction or no extension. At this time, the pushing part 811 of its free end 81 is in contact with the profile surface of the cam 921 on the transmission rod 92, but there is no significant thrust. Under the preload torque of the torsion spring, the shaft 91 and the movable cover 3 fixed thereto are held in a fully closed position, and the movable cover 3 is in contact with the sealing ring 200 of the fixed cover 2.

[0054] When the light-emitting unit 100 operates, causing the temperature to rise, heat is transferred to the metal bellows 8, causing the internal working fluid to expand. The free end 81 of the metal bellows 8 begins to extend axially. This linear displacement is manifested as the thrust of its pusher 811 on the curved surface of the cam 921 on the transmission rod 92. Due to the design of the cam 921 profile, this thrust generates a torque acting on the transmission rod 92 relative to the axis of the connecting column 93. When this torque overcomes the frictional torque at the point of rotation of the transmission rod 92, the transmission rod 92 begins to rotate around the connecting column 93. The rotation of the transmission rod 92 drives the second gear 922 at its end to move, and through gear meshing, drives the first gear 911 on the shaft 91 to rotate. The rotation direction of the shaft 91 is opposite to the direction of the torque applied by the torsion spring. As the metal bellows 8 continues to extend, the transmission rod 92 continues to rotate. Through the amplification of the gear ratio, the shaft 91 overcomes the resistance of the torsion spring and rotates by a sufficient angle, ultimately driving the movable cover 3 to rotate from the closed position to the predetermined open position, opening the heat dissipation duct.

[0055] As the equipment temperature drops, the metal bellows 8 cools and contracts, reducing the thrust of its pusher 811 on the cam 921. Under the restoring torque of the torsion spring, the shaft 91 begins to rotate in the opposite direction, driving the movable cover 3 to move in the closing direction. At the same time, through the reverse transmission of the gear pair, the transmission rod 92 is pushed to rotate in the opposite direction around the connecting column 93 to reset, until the movable cover 3 is completely closed. The torque of the torsion spring then presses the movable cover 3 tightly against the sealing ring 200, completing one working cycle.

[0056] The linear expansion and contraction of the metal bellows 8 is efficiently converted and amplified into the angle required for the rotation of the movable cover 3 through the cooperation of cam 921 and gear transmission, ensuring that the movable cover 3 can obtain sufficient opening under limited thermal expansion. At the same time, the profile of cam 921 and the gear meshing are both deterministic mechanical kinematic pairs, without uncertainties such as slippage or slippage, so that there is a repeatable and precise correspondence between the opening and closing position of the movable cover 3 and the elongation of the metal bellows 8, thereby ensuring the accuracy and consistency of adaptive adjustment. In addition, the use of gear transmission makes it easy for the transmission rod 92 to return to its original position under the action of the torsion spring, without the need for a separate return mechanism.

[0057] exist Figure 6 and Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, to achieve precise installation and fixation of the metal bellows 8, a mounting groove 12 is formed on the upper surface of the substrate 1, preferably in an area adjacent to the light-emitting unit 100 and conducive to heat conduction. The outline dimensions of the mounting groove 12 match the shape of the metal bellows 8, and its depth is slightly greater than or equal to the height of the metal bellows 8 in its fully retracted state, so that when the metal bellows 8 is accommodated therein, its top is approximately flush with or slightly lower than the upper surface of the substrate 1 to avoid interfering with other components. A support base is provided at the bottom of the mounting groove 12 for limiting and supporting the metal bellows 8. To ensure the optimal heat conduction path, the bottom of the mounting groove 12 and the high-temperature area inside the substrate 1 are integrally formed of a high thermal conductivity material. The fixed end of the metal bellows 8 is firmly fixed in the mounting groove 12 by means of hot glue bonding, interference fit pressing, or fastening with pressure plates and screws. This installation method, on the one hand, tightly thermally couples the metal bellows 8 to the hot spot of the substrate 1, ensuring that it can quickly respond to the temperature changes of the substrate 1; on the other hand, it provides a stable base for the metal bellows 8, so that its expansion and contraction movements only occur in a preset direction, preventing lateral swaying or torsion.

[0058] At the free end 81 of the metal bellows 8, i.e., the end furthest from the fixed end and extending outwards with the expansion of the internal working fluid, a pusher portion 811 is integrally formed or fixedly connected to the end of the free end 81. This pusher portion 811 extends and protrudes along the length direction of the metal bellows 8 (i.e., its direction of extension and retraction). The cross-sectional shape of the pusher portion 811 can be circular or spherical, but the front end is designed as a smooth curved surface (such as a hemisphere) or a wedge-shaped surface to facilitate contact with the transmission components and reduce friction. This pusher portion 811 constitutes the direct point of application of the mechanical thrust output by the metal bellows 8. Corresponding to the pusher portion 811, a pusher limiting groove 9211 is provided on the cam 921 structure near the end of the transmission rod 92 close to the metal bellows 8. This pusher limiting groove 9211 is a recessed groove or cavity, its shape and size designed to accommodate and guide the pusher portion 811. Specifically, when the metal bellows 8 is in the installation position and the transmission rod 92 is in the initial angle (corresponding to the closed position of the movable cover 3), the position of the push-limiting groove 9211 is exactly aligned with the push-up portion 811 of the free end 81 of the metal bellows 8. The push-up portion 811 can be embedded or partially inserted into the push-limiting groove 9211.

[0059] As the temperature of the substrate 1 rises, the metal bellows 8 expands due to heat, and its free end 81, carrying the pusher portion 811, extends linearly along the direction defined by the mounting groove 12. Since the pusher portion 811 is embedded (or enters) in the push-limiting groove 9211 of the cam 921 on the transmission rod 92, this linear movement cannot proceed freely. The front end face or side slope of the pusher portion 811 then contacts the corresponding wall surface of the push-limiting groove 9211 and generates pressure. The wall surface of the push-limiting groove 9211 is essentially part of the profile of the cam 921. As the pusher portion 811 continues to extend, its pressure on the wall surface of the push-limiting groove 9211 generates a thrust acting on the cam 921. Since the transmission rod 92 can rotate about the connecting post 93, the thrust of the cam 921 is converted into an effective torque driving the transmission rod 92 to rotate about its fulcrum. The jacking limiting groove 9211 effectively restricts the relative displacement of the jacking part 811 in the non-pushing direction, ensuring that the transmission path of the thrust is always consistent and avoiding disengagement or jamming. The rotation of the transmission rod 92 then drives the shaft 91 and the movable cover 3 through the gear pair. During the cooling and shrinkage stage, the jacking part 811 of the metal bellows 8 retracts. At this time, under the reset action of the torsion spring, the movable cover 3, shaft 91 and transmission rod 92 move in opposite directions, and the jacking limiting groove 9211 on the cam 921 also moves in opposite directions. Its wall surface may in turn generate a small reverse force on the jacking part 811, helping the metal bellows 8 overcome the resistance of the internal working fluid shrinkage and its own springback friction, so that it can more smoothly reset to the shrinkage state.

[0060] Through the cooperation between the pusher 811 and the pusher limiting groove 9211, the linear output of the metal bellows 8 is directly converted into a precise force acting on the cam 921. The force transmission path is short and the energy loss is small. The guiding effect of the limiting groove stabilizes the direction of the thrust, ensuring the consistency of each action.

[0061] Meanwhile, during the contraction process, the continuous contact between the push-limiting groove 9211 and the push-pull part 811 can apply a gentle traction or guiding force to the metal bellows 8 when the transmission rod 92 resets, which helps it overcome internal viscous forces, achieve more complete contraction, and prepare for the next expansion action.

[0062] exist Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, one or more ear plates 22 are integrally formed or fixedly installed on the outer surface of the sidewall of the fixed cover 2 by welding, screwing, or other methods. The ear plates 22 serve as a hinged static support structure. A bearing hole is machined on each ear plate 22. The axis of the bearing hole determines the central axis of rotation of the movable cover 3. A ball bearing is installed in each bearing hole. The ball bearing is a standard part, and its outer ring is press-fitted to the bearing hole on the ear plate 22 with an interference fit or a transition fit to ensure that the outer ring of the bearing does not rotate relative to the hole. The type of ball bearing can be selected according to the load and space, such as a deep groove ball bearing or an angular contact ball bearing, and the inner hole of its inner ring forms the final precision rotation support surface. A shaft 91 passes through the inner ring of all the above-mentioned ball bearings. The diameter of the shaft 91 matches the bore diameter of the inner ring of the ball bearing, and a transition fit or a small clearance fit is used to ensure that the shaft 91 rotates synchronously with the inner ring of the bearing, while facilitating assembly. The two ends of the shaft 91 can be designed with threads, snap ring grooves, or end caps to prevent it from axially dislodging from the bearing. This shaft 91 constitutes the physical axis of rotation for the movable cover 3.

[0063] On the movable cover 3, on the side corresponding to the ear plate 22 on the fixed cover 2, a connecting part 31 extends downward to form a connecting part 31. The connecting part 31 is a plate-shaped, block-shaped, or arm-shaped structure that is bent downward from the edge of the main body of the movable cover 3 or integrally formed, and its strength must be sufficient to withstand the torque during the opening and closing process. Each connecting part 31 has a connecting hole corresponding to the shaft 91. The connecting part 31 is fixedly connected to the shaft 91 through its connecting hole, and the two become a rigid whole that rotates synchronously.

[0064] When the transmission assembly 9 drives the shaft 91 to rotate, the shaft 91 drives the connecting part 31 of the movable cover 3 fixed thereto, thereby causing the entire movable cover 3 to rotate around the axis of the shaft 91, thus opening or closing.

[0065] exist Figures 9 to 11In the illustrated embodiment, the substrate 1 adopts a split structure, consisting of an upper plate 13 and a lower plate 14. The upper surface of the upper plate 13 is used to mount components such as the light-emitting unit 100 and the fixing cover 2. The upper plate 13 and the lower plate 14 can be welded or fastened with bolts after applying sealant to form a connection with good airtightness and liquid tightness, thereby enclosing a completely sealed cooling cavity 15.

[0066] The cooling chamber 15 comprises three functional areas: a distribution chamber 151, a collection chamber 152, and multiple parallel flow channels 153 connecting the two. The distribution chamber 151 is located at one end of the cooling chamber 15, near the inlet 11. Coolant flowing in from the inlet 11 first enters the distribution chamber 151. The design of the distribution chamber 151 helps buffer pressure fluctuations in the incoming fluid and evenly distributes the coolant to the inlets of the downstream parallel flow channels 153, ensuring uniform flow distribution and preventing localized overheating in some channels due to insufficient flow. Multiple parallel flow channels 153 extend from the distribution chamber 151, arranged parallel to each other. These channels are elongated grooves with rectangular, trapezoidal, or semi-circular cross-sections. They are closely arranged, covering the orthographic projection area on the substrate 1 corresponding to the mounting area of ​​the upper light-emitting unit 100, or even a larger area, to maximize the heat transfer area. The design of multiple parallel flow channels 153 divides the total coolant flow rate into multiple fine streams, increasing the contact area and contact time between the coolant and the flow channel walls, while reducing the flow resistance of individual flow channels. Parameters such as the width, depth, spacing, and length of the flow channels can be optimized according to heat load and pressure drop requirements. The collector chamber 152 is located at the other end of the cooling chamber 15, near the outlet. Its structure is similar to the distributor chamber 151, but its function is reversed. Coolant that has absorbed heat from all the parallel flow channels 153 converges here and then flows smoothly to the outlet. The collector chamber 152 helps to balance the pressure at the outlets of each parallel flow channel 153, making the flow more stable.

[0067] The substrate 1 has an inlet 11 and an outlet formed on opposite sides. The inlet 11 is directly connected to the distribution chamber 151 through an internal channel, serving as the only inlet for coolant to enter the cooling chamber 15. The outlet is directly connected to the collection chamber 152 through an internal channel, serving as the only outlet for the coolant to flow out of the cooling chamber 15 after heat absorption. The inlet 11 and outlet are provided with internal threads, external threads, or standard quick-connect couplings for convenient and reliable connection to external cooling pipes, thereby connecting to a complete liquid cooling circulation system including a pump, radiator (air-cooled or liquid-cooled), and storage tank. It should be noted that the liquid cooling circulation system can adopt existing technologies, therefore its structure and working principle will not be described in detail.

[0068] During operation, the pump of the external circulation system drives the coolant to flow. Under pressure, the coolant enters the substrate 1 from the inlet 11 and first reaches the distribution chamber 151. Within the distribution chamber 151, the fluid velocity and direction change, allowing for redistribution. It then enters each parallel flow channel 153 with a more uniform flow rate and pressure. The coolant flows at high or medium speed in the narrow parallel flow channels 153. The metal walls of the flow channels are in close contact with the heated substrate 1 (especially the area of ​​the upper plate 13 that is in close contact with the light-emitting unit 100). Heat is rapidly transferred from the substrate 1 to the flow channel walls via thermal conduction, and then continuously carried away by the flowing coolant through convection. The cooled coolant, after absorbing heat and heating up, flows out from each parallel flow channel 153, enters the collection chamber 152, and finally exits the substrate 1 through the outlet, returning to the external circulation system for cooling (releasing heat), completing one cycle. This process continues, thereby efficiently transferring the waste heat generated by the light-emitting unit 100 and the substrate 1 itself to the external environment.

[0069] The parallel flow channel 153 design greatly increases the effective heat exchange area, ensuring sufficient contact between the coolant and the high-temperature area. The flow distribution cavity 151 and the flow collection cavity 152 ensure uniform flow of the coolant on the surface of the heat-generating area, avoiding the formation of local hot spots and making the temperature distribution of the substrate 1 below the entire light-emitting unit 100 more uniform, which is beneficial to improving the luminous efficacy, color temperature stability and service life of the light-emitting unit 100.

[0070] exist Figure 10 In the illustrated embodiment, a plurality of protrusions 16 are provided in the inner cavities of the diversion cavity 151 and the collection cavity 152. These protrusions 16 are raised structures extending from the bottom of the cavity (i.e., the inner wall surface of the upper plate portion 13 or the lower plate portion 14 constituting the cavity) into the cavity. They can be integrally machined with the cavity, for example, by reserving these protrusions 16 when machining the cavity groove by CNC milling; or they can be attached as independent protrusion elements after the cavity is formed by welding, bonding or pressing.

[0071] The cross-sectional shape of the protrusion 16 can be circular, elliptical, square, rhomboid, teardrop-shaped, or other irregular streamlined shapes. Its height is less than the height of the cavity, i.e., it does not touch the top wall of the cavity, so as to ensure that the fluid can flow over its top. The dimensions (such as diameter and width) and height of the protrusion 16 can be designed according to the size of the cavity and the working fluid. Its surface can be smooth, or it can be designed with fine textures or flow-guiding slopes.

[0072] In the flow divider 151, protrusions 16 are positioned in the area where the coolant first impacts after being injected from the inlet 11, and along the path leading to the inlets of each parallel flow channel 153. Their arrangement can be a regular matrix, concentric rings, or an irregular but dynamically optimized dispersed arrangement. Their main function is to impact, divide, and block the high-speed coolant jet flowing in from the inlet 11, consuming some of its kinetic energy, breaking up the concentrated large stream of high-speed fluid into more smaller streams, and causing random changes in fluid direction. Through the physical blocking and guidance of the protrusions 16, the fluid is forced to diffuse and mix more fully within the flow divider 151, thus more uniformly filling the entire cross-section of the flow divider 151. This lays the foundation for providing fluid with essentially the same pressure and flow rate to each parallel flow channel 153 inlet, effectively avoiding the problem of some channels competing for flow while others have insufficient flow. Before the fluid enters the narrow parallel flow channel 153, its stable laminar flow state is disrupted in advance, inducing a certain turbulent trend, which helps to improve the convective heat transfer coefficient in the parallel flow channel 153.

[0073] In the manifold 152, protrusions 16 are located downstream of the outlets of each parallel flow channel 153 and along the confluence path leading to the outlet. Since the fluid velocity and direction flowing out of each parallel flow channel 153 may vary slightly, "dead zones" or vortices that do not participate in the mainstream flow can easily form in corners or slower-flowing areas of the manifold 152. The protrusions 16 in the manifold 152 disrupt these vortex structures, agitate the stagnant fluid, and allow it to re-enter the mainstream, improving the effective utilization of the chamber volume. Simultaneously, the protrusions 16 in the manifold 152 provide gentle resistance to the collected fluid, helping to stabilize the momentum of the fluids flowing out of different channels, allowing for smoother mixing and guiding them towards the outlet, reducing local pressure fluctuations and energy losses caused by sudden confluence and changes in direction.

[0074] exist Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states further includes an inlet connector 4, an outlet connector 5, an inlet pipe 6, and an outlet pipe 7. To facilitate the input and output of coolant, the inlet 11 and outlet of the substrate 1 are connected to the inlet connector 4 and outlet connector 5, respectively. The inlet connector 4 forms a first-level, robust, and leak-proof connection with the inlet 11 of the substrate 1 through methods such as threaded connection, welding, crimping, or adhesive bonding. Similarly, the outlet connector 5 is fixedly connected to the outlet of the substrate 1 in the same or similar manner. The connectors are made of metal (such as brass or stainless steel) or high-strength engineering plastics (such as PPS or PEEK), and have internal fluid channels communicating with the internal flow channels of the substrate 1.

[0075] The outer ends (i.e., the ends furthest from the substrate 1) of the inlet connector 4 and the outlet connector 5 are designed with standardized external interfaces for connection to pipelines. The interface type can be a common quick-connect female connector.

[0076] The inlet pipe 6 and outlet pipe 7 can be flexible hoses made of materials such as rubber, silicone, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), or reinforced PVC, providing good resistance to coolant corrosion and a certain degree of temperature resistance. The end of the inlet pipe 6 is fitted with a quick-connect male or threaded connector that matches the external interface of the inlet connector 4. Similarly, the end of the outlet pipe 7 is fitted with a connector that matches the outlet connector 5. By aligning, pressing, and locking the connector of the inlet pipe 6 with the inlet connector 4, and by aligning, pressing, and locking the connector of the outlet pipe 7 with the outlet connector 5, two independent, sealed fluid channels can be quickly established.

[0077] During equipment installation or maintenance, the operator first securely installs the inlet connector 4 and outlet connector 5 onto the base plate 1. Then, the inlet pipe 6 and outlet pipe 7 of the external liquid cooling circulation system (including the pump, radiator, and storage tank) are quickly connected to the inlet connector 4 and outlet connector 5 respectively and locked. Coolant can then flow from the external system through the inlet pipe 6, inlet connector 4, and inlet port 11 of the base plate 1 into the cooling chamber 15. After heat exchange, it flows back to the external system through the outlet port, outlet connector 5, and outlet pipe 7. When it is necessary to replace the lamps, repair the base plate 1, or maintain the external piping, simply release the quick-connect locking mechanism or unscrew the threads to separate the water pipes from the lamps; the process is quick and involves minimal coolant leakage.

[0078] exist Figure 3 and Figure 4In the illustrated embodiment, to achieve efficient and durable sealing, a continuous sealing groove 21 is machined or molded on the upper surface of the fixed cover 2 (the upper surface refers to the annular plane or slightly inclined plane surrounding the top opening of the fixed cover 2, which is the direct contact and pressure-bearing surface when the movable cover 3 is closed). The cross-sectional shape of the sealing groove 21 is a regular geometric shape such as rectangle, trapezoid, or semicircle. Its groove depth and width are designed to match the wire diameter or cross-sectional dimensions of the sealing ring 200, and appropriate compression space is reserved. The trajectory of the sealing groove 21 forms a closed annular groove, and a closed annular sealing ring 200 is embedded in the sealing groove 21. The sealing ring 200 is made of an elastic material with good elasticity, aging resistance, high and low temperature resistance, and weather resistance, such as silicone rubber, fluororubber, or EPDM rubber. Its shape matches the sealing groove 21, and the common cross-section is circular (O-ring) or rectangular (gasket). The cross-sectional dimensions of the sealing ring 200 in its free state are slightly larger than those of the sealing groove 21. Therefore, when it is pressed into the sealing groove 21, it will be slightly squeezed by the groove wall, resulting in pre-deformation, which allows it to be stably fixed in the groove and not easily fall off. The sealing ring 200 can be completely contained in the groove, with its top slightly lower than the plane of the upper end of the fixing cover 2, or it can protrude partially as required by the design.

[0079] When the movable cover 3 rotates around the hinge axis to its fully closed position under the elastic force of the torsion spring, the edge area of ​​its inner surface (i.e., the side facing the fixed cover 2) will finally cover and press against the sealing area of ​​the upper end face of the fixed cover 2. At this time, the inner surface of the movable cover 3 does not directly contact the metal or plastic upper end face of the fixed cover 2, but rather adheres tightly to and compresses the sealing ring 200. The final closed position of the movable cover 3 is determined by the preset equilibrium position of the torsion spring, ensuring that the compressive force applied to the sealing ring 200 is controllable and constant.

[0080] By using the elastic sealing ring 200 as the sealing medium, the micro-unevenness and slight deformation of the mating surface can be effectively compensated. The tolerance requirements for processing and assembly are relatively relaxed, reducing manufacturing costs. At the same time, it ensures that even if the parts have slight creep or vibration during long-term use, good sealing contact can still be maintained.

[0081] In some embodiments, the present invention also provides a method for adjusting a lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing conditions, comprising the following steps: S10-S20.

[0082] S10. When the temperature of the heat source generated by the heat source of the lighting equipment rises to the opening threshold, the metal bellows 8 undergoes positive deformation to elongate, thereby driving the movable cover 3 to open from the closed position.

[0083] Specifically, when the lighting device is powered on, the heat generated by the light-emitting unit 100 is transferred to the substrate 1, which is tightly thermally coupled to it. The temperature of the substrate 1 rises accordingly, and the phase-change working fluid encapsulated inside the metal bellows 8, which is positioned in the high-temperature region of the substrate 1 and has good thermal conductivity with it, begins to absorb heat. When the temperature of the substrate 1 (i.e., the heat source temperature) continues to rise and reaches a preset opening threshold, this threshold corresponds to the critical temperature point at which the phase-change working fluid undergoes a significant phase change or generates sufficient volume expansion. After reaching the opening threshold, the working fluid inside the metal bellows 8 undergoes a violent volume expansion. This volume expansion is constrained by the metal outer shell of the bellows, thus transforming into a considerable linear thrust along the bellows axis, manifested as a significant positive deformation (elongation) at the free end 81 of the bellows. This elongation is a direct physical response related to the magnitude of temperature exceeding the threshold. The linear elongation of the free end 81 of the metal bellows 8 acts on the cam 921 surface of the transmission rod 92 in the transmission assembly 9 through the pusher 811 at its end. This force generates torque, driving the transmission rod 92 to rotate around its connecting post 93. The rotation of the transmission rod 92 is transmitted to the shaft 91, which is fixedly connected to the movable cover 3, via a gear pair at its end, overcoming the resistance of the torsion spring mounted on the shaft 91 and always applying a torque in the closed direction. The rotation of the shaft 91 ultimately drives the movable cover 3 around its hinge axis, from a closed position that completely covers and presses against the sealing ring 200, to one or more preset open positions. At this point, the top opening is opened, forming a ventilation channel between the inside of the device and the external environment. This step achieves an adaptive switching from a sealed heat dissipation mode to an open enhanced heat dissipation mode.

[0084] S20. When the temperature of the heat source drops to the closing threshold, the metal bellows 8 undergoes reverse deformation to contract, so that the movable cover 3 returns to the closed position under the action of elasticity.

[0085] After the movable cover 3 is opened, the heat dissipation capacity of the equipment is enhanced, and the external cold air accelerates the removal of heat from the substrate 1 and internal components through convection and other effects. The temperature of the substrate 1 begins to drop. The metal bellows 8 begins to dissipate heat to the environment due to the decrease in the temperature of the heat source, and the temperature of its internal working fluid decreases accordingly. When the temperature of the heat source drops to another preset closing threshold, which is slightly lower than the opening threshold (forming thermal hysteresis to prevent frequent switching), the phase change or contraction process of the working fluid reaches a critical point sufficient to release the driving force. When the temperature drops to or below the closing threshold, the volume of the working fluid inside the metal bellows 8 shrinks significantly, causing the free end 81 of the bellows to undergo reverse deformation (contraction). As the bellows contracts, its pushing force on the curved surface of the cam 921 of the transmission rod 92 rapidly weakens or even disappears. Once the driving force provided by the metal bellows 8 is insufficient to balance the reset torque of the torsion spring, the elastic potential energy stored in the torsion spring begins to be released. The torsion spring drives the shaft 91 to rotate in the opposite direction, which in turn drives the transmission rod 92 to rotate in the opposite direction to reset through the gear pair, while simultaneously pulling the movable cover 3 to rotate back in the closing direction. Under the continuous closing torque of the torsion spring, the movable cover 3 moves smoothly until its inner surface edge re-presses the sealing ring 200 in the sealing groove 21 on the upper end face of the fixed cover 2, reaching a fully closed position. At this time, the top opening is resealed, and the equipment returns to a high-protection-level sealed state. This step realizes the automatic return from the enhanced heat dissipation mode to the "sealed heat dissipation mode".

[0086] For steps S10 and S20, the entire adjustment process is predefined and controlled entirely by the physical characteristics of the equipment itself, without the need for any external electronic control units, software algorithms, or manual intervention. This is a simple, efficient, and low-cost form of physical intelligence. Furthermore, due to the extremely short thermal drive and mechanical transmission paths, the response delay from temperature change to state switching is minimal, enabling rapid tracking of changes in heat load and dynamic adjustment of the heat dissipation state, effectively preventing heat accumulation or overcooling.

[0087] It should be noted that the opening threshold refers to the lowest temperature reached by the heat source of the lighting equipment when the metal bellows 8 generates the deformation (i.e., effective elongation) required to drive the movable cover 3 from the closed position to the open position. This threshold is not an arbitrary temperature value, but a system characteristic parameter determined by the following factors:

[0088] Thermophysical properties of the phase change working fluid: The phase change working fluid (such as paraffin wax) filled inside the metal bellows 8 has a specific phase change temperature range. The opening threshold is set near or slightly above the starting temperature point where the working fluid undergoes a phase change (such as a transition from solid to liquid) accompanied by significant volume expansion. By selecting working fluids with different phase change temperatures, different opening thresholds can be directly set. For example, if paraffin wax with a phase change point of 65℃ is selected, the opening threshold can be set between 65-70℃.

[0089] Initial resistance of the transmission mechanism: When the movable cover 3 is in the closed position, the closing torque applied by the torsion spring and the static friction of each kinematic pair in the transmission chain constitute the initial mechanical resistance that needs to be overcome to open the movable cover 3. The thrust generated by the metal bellows 8 must be greater than this resistance. Therefore, the temperature corresponding to the opening threshold must ensure that the thrust generated by the expansion of the working fluid is sufficient to overcome this initial resistance and start driving the transmission mechanism.

[0090] Stroke matching of the mechanical structure: The elongation of the metal bellows 8 must be sufficient to push the movable cover 3 to the fully open position. Therefore, the temperature corresponding to the opening threshold should ensure that when this temperature is reached, the expansion of the working fluid can provide sufficient stroke (i.e., the elongation of the metal bellows 8), which, after conversion through the transmission ratio, is equal to the linear displacement corresponding to the angular displacement required for the movable cover 3 to move from closed to fully open.

[0091] Taking all the above factors into account, the specific value of the opening threshold is determined and "fixed" in advance during the product design phase by selecting a working fluid with a specific phase transition temperature and combining it with the mechanical design of the transmission mechanism (such as the stiffness of the torsion spring, the profile of cam 921, and the gear transmission ratio). During the manufacturing process, by using a working fluid with a specified formula and strictly controlling key mechanical dimensions, a consistent and reliable opening threshold can be ensured for batch products.

[0092] The closure threshold refers to the highest temperature reached by the heat source when, as the heat source temperature decreases, the metal bellows 8 contracts to the point where its applied thrust is insufficient to maintain the open state of the movable cover 3, allowing the movable cover 3 to begin to return under the action of elasticity and eventually stabilize in the closed position. The setting of the closure threshold is also based on multiple factors:

[0093] The reset capability of the reset mechanism: The closing threshold must be ensured that when the heat source temperature drops to this value, the thrust (or holding force on the transmission mechanism) generated by the contraction of the working fluid in the metal bellows 8 has weakened to below the reset torque provided by the torsion spring. In this way, the torsion spring can reliably drive the movable cover 3 to begin the closing motion.

[0094] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing conditions, characterized in that, The device includes a substrate, a metal corrugated pipe, a light-emitting unit, a fixed cover, and a movable cover. The substrate has a cooling chamber for coolant circulation. The light-emitting unit is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate. The fixed cover is fixed to the upper surface of the substrate and arranged around the periphery of the light-emitting unit. The fixed cover has a top opening. The movable cover is elastically disposed relative to the fixed cover and can open or close the top opening. The metal corrugated pipe is arranged close to the light-emitting unit and is filled with a phase change working fluid, which can absorb heat and elongate. When the metal bellows is not extended, the movable cover closes the top opening under elastic force. When the metal bellows extends due to temperature rise, it drives the movable cover to open the top opening. The system also includes a transmission assembly comprising a shaft, a transmission rod, and a connecting column. The connecting column is perpendicular to the metal bellows and the shaft. The transmission rod is movably sleeved on the connecting column. The fixed cover and the movable cover are hinged through the shaft. The shaft is also equipped with a torsion spring, which applies a closing force to the movable cover. A cam is located at the end of the transmission rod near the metal bellows, and the end of the transmission rod near the shaft is connected to a shaft gear. When the metal bellows extends due to temperature rise, it applies a thrust to the cam, causing the transmission rod to rotate relative to the connecting column, thereby driving the movable cover. The body moves in the opening direction; the base plate is provided with a mounting groove, the metal bellows is disposed in the mounting groove, the metal bellows includes a free end and a fixed end, the fixed end is fixed in the mounting groove, the free end is provided with a pushing part extending along the length direction of the metal bellows, the cam is provided with a pushing limiting groove corresponding to the position of the pushing part, the pushing part can be embedded in the pushing limiting groove and push the transmission rod; the base plate includes an upper plate and a lower plate, the upper plate and the lower plate surround to form the cooling cavity, the cooling cavity includes a flow distribution cavity, a flow collection cavity and a plurality of parallel flow channels arranged in parallel, the two ends of the plurality of parallel flow channels are respectively connected to the flow distribution cavity and the flow collection cavity; the two ends of the base plate are provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the liquid inlet is connected to the flow distribution cavity and is used to inject coolant, the liquid outlet is connected to the flow collection cavity and is used for the coolant to flow out.

2. The lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shaft has a first gear section at one end near the transmission rod, and the transmission rod has a second gear section at one end near the shaft. The first gear section and the second gear section mesh.

3. The lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable cover has a connecting part extending downward on one side, and the fixed cover has an ear plate on one side. The ear plate has a bearing hole, and a ball bearing is installed in the bearing hole. The shaft is connected to the inner ring of the ball bearing, and the connecting part is fixedly connected to the shaft.

4. The lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the diversion cavity and the collection cavity are provided with several protrusions.

5. A lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an inlet connector, an outlet connector, an inlet pipe, and an outlet pipe. The inlet connector is connected to the inlet port, the inlet pipe is detachably connected to the inlet connector, the outlet connector is connected to the outlet port, and the outlet pipe is detachably connected to the outlet connector.

6. A lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the fixed cover is provided with a sealing groove, and a sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove. When the movable cover closes the top opening under the action of elasticity, the inner surface of the movable cover is tightly attached to the sealing ring.

7. A method for adjusting a lighting device with adaptively adjustable heat dissipation and sealing states as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: When the temperature of the heat source generated by the heat source of the lighting equipment rises to the opening threshold, the metal bellows undergoes positive deformation to elongate, thereby driving the movable cover to open from the closed position. When the temperature of the heat source drops to the closing threshold, the metal bellows undergoes reverse deformation to contract, so that the movable cover returns to the closed position under the action of elasticity.

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