Meteorological detection unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

This invention discloses a meteorological observation drone, belonging to the field of drone observation technology. It includes an airframe, an airborne meteorological station, and a cable deployment and retrieval cabin. The cable deployment and retrieval cabin is used to deploy and retrieve the observation cable, which has multiple profile detection nodes spaced along its axial direction. A counterweight is connected to the end of the cable, forming a three-dimensional detection array. This invention suppresses cable swaying through an active guidance and anti-sway mechanism, removes contaminants from the cable surface using a rotary cleaning mechanism, and can coordinate with distributed counterweight beads to generate vibration to enhance the cleaning effect. Its advantages include synchronous, high-precision, and stable detection of atmospheric vertical profiles, effectively overcoming the technical difficulties of inaccurate data, low efficiency, and poor environmental adaptability in traditional suspended detection methods, thus improving the reliability of the equipment and the accuracy of the detection data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) detection technology, and more particularly to a weather detection UAV. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the rapid development of drone technology has provided a new platform for atmospheric observation. By integrating meteorological sensors onto drones, flexible and low-cost mobile observations can be achieved.

[0003] Traditional meteorological observation is limited by altitude, while radiosondes are costly and cannot be used for repeated observations at fixed points. Although UAVs provide a new platform for mobile observation, existing solutions have significant drawbacks: airborne observation is easily affected by rotor airflow, resulting in severe data distortion; while suspended observation can avoid fuselage turbulence, the cables and sensors at the ends are prone to large swings in the wind, creating a pendulum effect, which not only severely reduces the measurement accuracy of vector data such as wind speed, but also threatens flight safety; in addition, UAVs can usually only carry a single sensor and cannot simultaneously acquire multi-dimensional profile data in the vertical direction, resulting in low observation efficiency.

[0004] In addition, after operating in environments such as sandstorms, rain, and fog, contaminants adhere to the surface of the cable and sensor, which can lead to increased wear during deployment and retraction, decreased measurement accuracy, and difficulty in maintenance. The equipment has poor environmental adaptability, and current solutions generally lack active stabilization control of the cable attitude, efficient profile synchronous detection, and adaptive cleaning and maintenance capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of cable swinging, difficulty in synchronously acquiring vertical profile data, and susceptibility to contamination leading to decreased accuracy and maintenance difficulties in existing technologies for suspended meteorological observation drones. Therefore, this invention proposes a meteorological observation drone.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A weather observation drone includes a drone body, which includes a fuselage, arms, and propellers.

[0008] The top of the aircraft is equipped with an airborne weather station;

[0009] The bottom of the machine body is equipped with a cable retraction compartment, which is used to retract and extend the detection cable to carry the detection node for three-dimensional meteorological detection.

[0010] In some embodiments, the cable retraction pod includes:

[0011] Box;

[0012] The winding and unwinding assembly is located inside the housing;

[0013] The detection cable has one end connected to the take-up and untake-down assembly, and the other end extends out of the bottom of the housing;

[0014] Multiple profile detection nodes are spaced apart along the axial direction of the detection cable and are electrically connected to the detection cable;

[0015] A counterweight is attached to the end of the detection cable.

[0016] In some embodiments, a guide tube is provided at the bottom of the housing, through which the detection cable passes.

[0017] In some embodiments, a guide and anti-sway mechanism is provided at the bottom of the housing, the guide and anti-sway mechanism comprising:

[0018] A mounting cover is provided at the bottom of the housing and corresponds to the guide tube;

[0019] At least three push-up components are arranged around the inside of the mounting cover. Each push-up component includes a retractable drive and a push-up head disposed at its retractable end. The inner side of the push-up head is provided with a rotating bead that contacts the detection cable.

[0020] In some embodiments, the pusher head has an elastic structure.

[0021] In some embodiments, the guide damping mechanism further includes:

[0022] An annular base plate is rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting cover, and the driving component of the pushing assembly is fixed to the annular base plate;

[0023] A rotating assembly is used to drive the annular base plate to rotate about the axis of the probe cable.

[0024] In some embodiments, the rotating assembly includes a rotating motor disposed on the annular base plate, the output end of the rotating motor being connected to a pinion; a gear ring that meshes with the pinion is fixedly disposed on the mounting cover.

[0025] In some embodiments, when the probe cable is retrieved, the rotating assembly drives the annular base plate to rotate, and the pusher head remains in contact with the probe cable to clean the surface of the probe cable.

[0026] In some embodiments, a plurality of counterweight beads are spaced apart on the detection cable; the maximum cross-sectional diameter of the counterweight beads is equal to the diameter of the detection node.

[0027] In some embodiments, when the pusher head has an elastic structure, the counterweight bead can compress the elastic structure and generate vibration when passing through the pusher head during the detection cable retrieval process.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a weather detection drone with the following beneficial effects.

[0029] 1. This invention, by distributing multiple detection nodes along a detection cable and combining them with an airborne meteorological station, can simultaneously acquire vertical profile data of atmospheric parameters (including temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, particulate matter concentration, etc.) from near the ground to the hovering altitude of the UAV in a single operation. This overcomes the shortcomings of traditional UAV single-point measurement efficiency and the inability of radiosondes to conduct simultaneous fixed-point observations, significantly improving detection efficiency.

[0030] 2. This invention utilizes a guide and anti-sway mechanism located at the bottom of the cable deployment and retrieval cabin. By sensing cable deviation in real time, it drives multiple pusher components to work in tandem, applying active damping and restoring force to the cable. This suppresses the pendulum effect, minimizing the lateral sway of the cable and its mounted sensors, providing a stable spatial reference for the accurate measurement of vector parameters such as wind speed and direction. It also reduces the risk of dynamic instability in drones caused by the swaying of long cables.

[0031] 3. This invention, through the integration of a rotatable cleaning mechanism, drives the pusher head assembly to rotate during cable retrieval. Rotating beads perform a circumferential wiping of the cable surface, effectively removing adhering dust, salt crystals, thin ice, and other contaminants. Combined with the vibration waves generated by the distributed counterweight beads passing through the elastic pusher head, a three-dimensional cleaning effect of contact wiping + vibration shaking is achieved. This function prevents contaminants from being brought into the chamber, reduces cable wear, prevents sensor performance degradation, and enables the equipment to operate reliably for extended periods in harsh environments such as sandstorms, rain, and snow.

[0032] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows; and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description; or may be learned from practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the UAV body of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A top-down structural diagram.

[0035] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure from the front view.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cable deployment and take-up compartment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4A magnified structural diagram of region A in the middle.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the cable deployment and take-up compartment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for lowering the detection cable according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the unwinding and rewinding assembly of the present invention for lowering the detection cable.

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for the distribution of counterweight beads in this invention.

[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting cover of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the meshing structure of the pinion and the ring gear of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 A magnified structural diagram of region B in the middle.

[0045] In the picture:

[0046] 1. Airframe; 102. Arm; 103. Propeller blade; 1031. Protective cover; 104. Landing gear; 2. Airborne weather station; 3. Cable retraction / deployment compartment; 301. Housing; 302. Guide tube; 4. Detection cable; 401. Counterweight; 402. Detection node; 5. Mounting cover; 501. Base plate; 5011. Opening; 6. Pushing assembly; 601. Electric push rod; 602. Pushing head; 603. Rotating ball; 7. Retraction / deployment assembly; 701. Retraction motor; 702. First limit stop; 703. Support shaft; 704. Second limit stop; 8. Rotating assembly; 801. Rotating motor; 802. Pinion; 803. Gear ring. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Example

[0048] See Figures 1 to 3 The present invention provides a meteorological unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for atmospheric vertical profile detection, including the UAV body.

[0049] The drone body includes a body 1, multiple arms 102 extending radially from the body 1, and a blade 103 driven by a brushless motor installed at the end of each arm 102.

[0050] To improve safety when operating in complex environments, a perforated annular protective cover 1031 can be fixed to the outside of each blade 103.

[0051] An airborne weather station 2 is fixedly mounted on the top of the fuselage 1. The airborne weather station 2 integrates at least high-precision air pressure, temperature, and humidity sensors to obtain reference meteorological parameters at the UAV's flight altitude. The airborne weather station 2 communicates with the flight control system via an internal bus.

[0052] The bottom of the fuselage 1 is equipped with landing gear 104 and cable retraction compartment 3. Cable retraction compartment 3 can lower detection node 402 for detection.

[0053] like Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the cable retraction cabin 3 includes a housing 301 made of lightweight, high-strength composite material. The core functional units inside the housing 301 include the retraction assembly 7 and the detection cable 4.

[0054] The take-up and unwind assembly 7 includes a take-up motor 701 fixed inside the housing 301. The take-up motor 701 is preferably a servo motor with an encoder, and its output shaft is connected to one end of the detection cable 4. Preferably, the output shaft of the take-up motor 701 can be fixedly connected to the detection cable 4 via a reel. The take-up and unwind assembly 7 is used for precise and controllable take-up and unwinding operations of the detection cable 4.

[0055] The detection cable 4 can be a composite cable, whose cross-section, from the inside out, includes: a power supply core, a data communication core, a tensile reinforcement layer, and a wear-resistant sheath, so as to realize synchronous bidirectional transmission of power and data.

[0056] The other end of the detection cable 4, away from the winding motor 701, extends downward through the guide tube 302 at the bottom of the housing 301 and is connected to a counterweight 401. The counterweight 401 is made of a high-density material, such as brass or stainless steel, and its main function is to tension the detection cable 4 so that the released detection cable 4 remains basically vertical in the airflow, reducing bending and swaying.

[0057] Optionally, the output shaft of the winding motor 701 is provided with a first limit block 702 that provides winding and unwinding limits for the detection cable 4. There are two first limit blocks 702 arranged symmetrically, and the inner sides of the two first limit blocks 702 are curved.

[0058] The housing 301 is provided with a guide section. As an example of the guide section, the guide section includes a support shaft 703 located inside the housing 301. The support shaft 703 has a second limiting block 704 in the middle. The second limiting block 704 has the same shape as the first limiting block 702. The two second limiting blocks 704 correspond to the positions of the guide tube 302. The second limiting block 704 is used to limit the swing amplitude of the detection cable 4 at the exit, so that it is lowered in the vertical direction.

[0059] The axis of the guide tube 302 coincides with the vertical line of the center of gravity of the UAV. The inner wall of the guide tube 302 is provided with a low-friction bushing for initial guidance and limiting.

[0060] Optionally, a detection node 402 may be provided at the counterweight 401. The detection node 402 may be a wind speed and direction sensor, and the counterweight 401 is used to improve the stability of the wind speed and direction sensor.

[0061] Preferably, multiple profile detection nodes 402 are fixedly arranged at predetermined intervals along the axial direction of the detection cable 4. Each profile detection node 402 is a modular, sealed cylindrical structure, and integrates at least one meteorological sensor, such as a temperature and humidity sensor, and is connected to the core wire inside the detection cable 4 via a waterproof connector. The detection cable 4 includes a power line to acquire electrical energy and upload data. Multiple detection nodes 402 are used to detect meteorological data at different horizontal heights below the UAV body.

[0062] The workflow of this embodiment is as follows:

[0063] During the preparation phase, the UAV stands ready at the takeoff point, and the detection cable 4 is fully retracted and stored in the cable deployment and retrieval compartment 3. The operator controls the UAV to fly to the target detection area and hover stably at the predetermined altitude. At this time, a command is issued through the ground station or autonomous program to start the winding motor 701 of the deployment and retrieval assembly 7, slowly lowering the end counterweight 401 and the detection cable 4. When it is lowered to the first predetermined altitude, the descent is paused, and the main control and data fusion module synchronously read the data from the airborne weather station 2 (representing the hovering altitude) and all the lowered detection nodes 402. This is equivalent to obtaining synchronous data of multiple discrete detection nodes 402 from the UAV's altitude to the current descent altitude. Then, the descent continues for a distance, and the data is read again. This step-by-step descent continues until the bottommost detection node 402 is close to the ground or reaches the safety lower limit. Of course, a continuous slow descent mode can also be used, continuously collecting data from all nodes at a higher frequency during the uniform descent process, thereby obtaining a higher resolution atmospheric vertical profile data. Alignment and fusion are performed based on the precise spatial location (converted from the descent length) and timestamp of each detection node 402. This generates a continuous atmospheric temperature profile, humidity profile, and vertical wind speed and direction variation map from near-ground level to the drone's hovering altitude. After detection is complete, the rewind motor 701 reverses, smoothly retracting the detection cable 4 into the cabin. The drone can then return to base or fly to the next detection point. Example

[0064] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, it can be understood that during the above-mentioned operation, the hovering drone and the lowered flexible cable system are susceptible to wind disturbance, causing swaying and directly affecting the accuracy of the detection data, especially for vector parameters such as wind speed and direction. Therefore, this invention provides a further improvement scheme.

[0065] To address the swaying issue of the detection cable 4 caused by wind disturbance, this embodiment adds a guide and anti-sway mechanism at the outlet of the cable deployment and take-up compartment 3. Specifically, a mounting cover 5 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the housing 301, corresponding to the outlet of the guide tube 302. Inside the mounting cover 5, three pusher components 6 are arranged in a 120° circular array around its central axis.

[0066] like Figure 5 and Figure 10As shown, the push assembly 6 includes an electric push rod 601, the piston rod of which points towards the central axis. A push head 602 is mounted at the end of the piston rod. A rotating ball 603 is rotatably connected to the side of the push head 602 that contacts the detection cable 4, reducing wear between the push head 602 and the detection cable 4. The push head 602 has an elastic element, such as a spring, inside, giving it axial elasticity, which can adapt to small changes in the diameter of the detection cable 4 and buffer impacts.

[0067] A pressure sensor is provided between the push head 602 and the piston rod of the electric push rod 601.

[0068] During use, when wind disturbance causes the detection cable 4 to deviate from its center position, the pressure sensor on the push head 602 on the offset side detects the pressure change. The pressure sensor has preset pressure thresholds P1, P2, and P3, and the controller of the electric push rod 601 has extension distances D1, D2, and D3 corresponding to the pressure thresholds P1, P2, and P3, respectively.

[0069] Specifically, when the detection cable 4 deviates towards an electric actuator 601, the pressure sensor on the electric actuator 601 detects that the deviation force reaches P1, P2, or P3. If the deviation force reaches P1, the controller of the electric actuator 601 controls the electric actuator 601 to push forward a distance D1, and the push head 602 provides a center-returning force to the detection cable 4, after which it slowly retracts. Similarly, when the deviation force reaches P2, the controller of the electric actuator 601 controls the electric actuator 601 to push forward a distance D2, providing a center-returning force to the detection cable 4.

[0070] In summary, through the aforementioned high-frequency, small-amplitude coordinated actions, active damping and restoring force can be provided at the source and outlet of the oscillation of the detection cable 4, suppressing large-amplitude low-frequency oscillations into small-amplitude controllable vibrations. This provides a stable spatial reference for all suspended detection nodes 402, thereby improving measurement accuracy, especially the reliability of end-point wind speed and direction data.

[0071] In addition, the diameter of the inscribed circle formed by the three push heads 602 is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the detection node 402. The movement of this anti-sway mechanism does not hinder the normal lowering and retrieval of the detection node 402 throughout the entire process, realizing the non-interference parallel operation of stable adjustment and detection work.

[0072] Additionally, during the initial descent of the probe cable 4 upon arrival at the detection point by the drone, if the pressure value of any pusher head 602 continuously exceeds a preset safety threshold such as P3, it is determined that the current wind disturbance is too strong. At this time, the descent speed of the probe cable 4 will be paused or significantly reduced, or it will only be lowered to a shorter, safer height for detection, in order to avoid the risk of loss of control due to strong winds, and the operation will continue after the wind conditions subside.

[0073] As an optional installation layout, the mounting cover 5 and its three push-up components 6 can be suspended from the outside of the housing 301 via a bracket, rather than being directly fixed to the inside of the bottom surface of the housing 301. This layout facilitates the installation, debugging, and maintenance of the mechanism. Example

[0074] like Figures 10 to 12 As shown, after operation in dusty, salt spray, or humid environments, contaminants easily adhere to the surface of the detection cable 4 and its nodes. If not cleaned, this will lead to increased retrieval and deployment resistance, accelerated wear, decreased sensor performance, and may even bring contaminants into the cabin. To solve this problem, this embodiment upgrades the mechanism of Embodiment 2 by integrating its functions, enabling it to perform rotational cleaning.

[0075] The bottom of the mounting cover 5 is rotatably connected to an annular base plate 501 via a slewing bearing. An opening 5011 corresponding to and communicating with the guide tube 302 is provided in the middle of the annular base plate 501. The cylinder bodies of the electric push rods 601 of the three push assembly 6 in Embodiment 2 are all fixedly installed on this annular base plate 501.

[0076] The rotating assembly 8 is mounted on the base plate 501. The rotating assembly 8 includes a rotating motor 801, and a pinion 802 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotating motor 801. An internal gear ring 803 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the stationary mounting cover 5. The pinion 802 meshes with the internal gear ring 803, forming a planetary gear transmission mechanism. When the rotating motor 801 drives the pinion 802 to rotate, it forces the entire base plate 501, along with all the push-pull assemblies 6 on it, to revolve around the central axis.

[0077] During use, when the system completes its detection task and begins retrieving the detection cable 4, or when the main control module determines that the cable may be contaminated based on historical data or environmental sensors, the cleaning program is initiated. The rotating motor 801 starts, and under the meshing of the pinion 802 and the gear ring 803, it drives the base plate 501 to rotate continuously at a constant, low speed. At this time, the three electric push rods 601 maintain a constant contact pressure between the rotating beads 603 and the cable. During the rotation of the base plate 501, the contact points of the three rotating beads 603, relative to the moving cable, form three spiral trajectories surrounding the outer wall of the cable. The rotating beads 603, in their rotating state, generate a continuous, circumferential wiping and cleaning effect on the cable surface, effectively scraping away or wiping off loose, attached contaminants and keeping the cable surface clean.

[0078] In summary, by cleaning the detection cable 4 and the detection node 402, the accumulation of contaminants on the detection cable 4 and the detection node 402 is prevented from excessively entering the housing 301. For example, cleaning the attached dust, sand particles, and other deposits prevents them from thickening further. This achieves contact-based active cleaning.

[0079] In addition, since the push head 602 itself has an elastic structure, this elastic structure can also make contact with one side of the probe cable 4 during the pull-back probe cable 4 stage. As it moves upward, when the probe node 402 on the probe cable 4 comes into contact with the rotating bead 603 on the push head 602, the elastic structure on the push head 602 will be compressed, and the rotating bead 603 on the push head 602 will clean the surface of the probe node 402 on the probe cable 4. Example

[0080] like Figure 9 As shown, to further enhance the system's stability under strong turbulence and improve the cleaning effect, this embodiment adds distributed counterweight beads to the detection cable 4. Specifically, multiple counterweight beads are fixedly fitted at intervals along the length of the detection cable 4. The maximum cross-sectional diameter of the counterweight beads is equal to the diameter of the cross-sectional detection node 402 to ensure smooth passage through the limiting ring formed between the multiple pushing components 6.

[0081] In use, the multiple counterweight beads not only serve as intermittent counterweight nodes to keep the detection cable 4 stable and prevent it from being affected by wind, but also, during the winding stage, when the multiple counterweight beads contact the rotating bead 603 inside the push head 602, because its diameter is slightly larger than the cable, it will compress the elastic structure of the push head 602. When the counterweight beads slide past the push head 602, the elastic structure is suddenly released, giving the counterweight beads a high-frequency, small-amplitude impact. This impact force is transmitted to the detection cable 4, and under the downward force of the bottom counterweight block 401, the detection cable 4 is kept taut. The impact force propagates upward or downward along the taut detection cable 4, and the vibration breaks the adhesion between the contaminants and the cable surface. The high-frequency vibration shakes off the dry and loose contaminants attached to the cable surface.

[0082] In summary, this method uses shaking and vibration, combined with the rotating bead 603 to scrape and clean the detection cable 4. The two work together without interference to form a contact and non-contact cleaning system, which significantly improves the cleaning effect on impurities on the detection cable 4. Example

[0083] The detection node 402 of the present invention has a high degree of modularity and configurability. For example, the profile detection nodes 402 distributed along the cable can be configured differently according to specific scientific objectives. For example, PM2.5 / PM10 particulate matter sensors can be integrated into several nodes closest to the ground to study the vertical diffusion of pollutants; or differential pressure sensors can be integrated into the middle nodes to more accurately determine the altitude.

[0084] Standardized installation interfaces can be reserved on the UAV body, especially on the exterior of the fuselage 1 or cable retraction cabin 3, for convenient mounting of various independent observation or operation equipment, working in conjunction with the core profile detection system to form an integrated air-ground observation platform. These devices include, but are not limited to: lidar, which can be used to detect the three-dimensional spatial distribution of aerosols and clouds; millimeter-wave radar, which can be used to penetrate clouds and fog to detect precipitation particles and cloud structure; infrared thermal imagers, which can be used to obtain the underlying surface temperature field or cloud top temperature; high-definition cameras, which can be used to record visible light video and images; laser raindrop spectrometers or inductive rain gauges, which can be used to accurately measure precipitation particle spectra and precipitation amount; ultrasonic anemometers, which can be used as redundant or comparative measurement units; silver iodide seeding devices, which can perform precise rain (snow) enhancement catalysis operations when suitable cloud conditions are detected; and a miniature radiosonde, which can be released after the UAV climbs to a predetermined altitude, allowing it to continue ascending and transmitting temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind data from higher altitude layers in real time, thereby extending the detection range from the UAV's service ceiling (e.g., several thousand meters) to the lower stratosphere.

[0085] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0086] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

Claims

1. A weather observation drone, comprising a drone body, characterized in that: The UAV body includes a body (1), arms (102) and propellers (103). The top of the aircraft (1) is equipped with an airborne weather station (2); The bottom of the body (1) is provided with a cable retraction compartment (3), which is used to retract and extend the detection cable (4) to carry the detection node (402) for three-dimensional meteorological detection; The cable retraction compartment (3) includes: Box (301); The winding and unwinding assembly (7) is located inside the housing (301); The detection cable (4) has one end connected to the winding and unwinding assembly (7) and the other end extending out of the bottom of the housing (301); Multiple profile detection nodes (402) are spaced apart along the axial direction of the detection cable (4) and are electrically connected to the detection cable (4); A counterweight (401) is connected to the end of the detection cable (4); The bottom of the housing (301) is provided with a guide and anti-sway mechanism, which includes: Mounting cover (5) is provided at the bottom of the box body (301); At least three push-top components (6) are arranged around the inside of the mounting cover (5). Each push-top component (6) includes a retractable drive and a push-top head (602) disposed at its retractable end. The inner side of the push-top head (602) is provided with a rotating bead (603) that contacts the detection cable (4). The pusher head (602) has an elastic structure; An annular base plate (501) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting cover (5), and the driving component of the push assembly (6) is fixed to the annular base plate (501); Rotating assembly (8) for driving the annular base plate (501) to rotate around the axis of the detection cable (4); The detection cable (4) is provided with multiple counterweight beads at intervals; When the detection cable (4) is retrieved, the rotating component (8) drives the annular base plate (501) to rotate, the push head (602) keeps in contact with the detection cable (4) to clean the surface of the detection cable (4); and the counterweight bead can compress the elastic structure and generate vibration when it passes through the push head (602).

2. The meteorological observation drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the housing (301) is provided with a guide tube (302), the detection cable (4) passes through the guide tube (302), and the mounting cover (5) is correspondingly provided with the guide tube (302).

3. The meteorological observation drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating assembly (8) includes a rotating motor (801) disposed on the annular base plate (501), and the output end of the rotating motor (801) is connected to a gear (802); a gear ring (803) that meshes with the gear (802) is fixedly disposed on the mounting cover (5).

4. A meteorological observation drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pusher assembly (6) is arranged in a ring array around the inner side of the mounting cover (5); A pressure sensor is provided between the push head (602) and the drive component; The diameter of the inscribed circle formed by the three push heads (602) is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the detection node (402); The maximum cross-sectional diameter of the counterweight bead is equal to the diameter of the detection node (402).

5. A meteorological observation drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The take-up and unwind assembly (7) includes a take-up motor (701) with an encoder.

6. A meteorological observation drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection cable (4) is a composite cable, which contains a power supply core, a data communication core, a tensile reinforcement layer and a wear-resistant sheath.

7. A meteorological observation drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, A detection node (402) is provided at the counterweight (401).

8. A meteorological observation drone according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the guide tube (302) is provided with a low-friction bushing.

9. A meteorological observation drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (301) is provided with a guide for limiting the swing of the detection cable (4).

10. A meteorological observation drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection node (402) is a modular sealed cylindrical structure with an integrated meteorological sensor inside.

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