Ultrasonic knife detection data transmission method compatible with multiple communication interfaces

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic knife detection data transmission method compatible with multiple communication interfaces, which belongs to the technical field of data communication, comprises the steps of image acquisition, preprocessing, UUK-DF data frame packaging, fragmentation distribution and upper computer recombination analysis, is low in delay and high in reliability in the whole process, can automatically switch communication channels, and solves the problem that under the condition of multiple communication interfaces, the data transmission efficiency is greatly improved. According to the method, high-reliability, low-delay and extensible transmission of ultrasonic knife image data is achieved, meanwhile, it is guaranteed that an image processing result is complete and consistent with metadata, various physical interfaces can be actively scanned, real-time self-adaptive switching is achieved, the system reliability is improved, and through a standardized data frame structure, the system reliability is improved. Compatibility and expandability among different devices are achieved, key image data are ensured to be transmitted timely, completely and reliably for link states and queue loads, and data integrity and transmission safety are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of data communication technology, and in particular relates to a method for transmitting ultrasonic scalpel detection data that is compatible with multiple communication interfaces. Background Technology

[0002] Ultrasonic scalpels are widely used in modern surgery, and the vibration amplitude of their scalpel head directly affects surgical outcomes and safety. To achieve online monitoring of ultrasonic scalpel amplitude, image acquisition and processing technology is typically used to transmit dynamic images of the scalpel head captured by a CCD camera to a host computer for analysis.

[0003] Existing technologies have significant shortcomings in the data transmission stage:

[0004] One limitation of communication interface: Traditional ultrasonic scalpel detection systems usually rely on a single interface (such as USB or Ethernet). In the event of link failure or bandwidth limitation, data transmission cannot switch adaptively, resulting in image frame loss or delay.

[0005] Lack of unified data format standards: Most existing systems directly transmit raw images or simply packaged image sequences, lacking a unified data frame structure and metadata specifications, making it difficult to guarantee compatibility between different devices.

[0006] Insufficient real-time performance and reliability: The large amount of image data and changes in network bandwidth and bit error rate can lead to increased latency or data errors, but existing systems usually lack bandwidth assessment, fragmentation strategies and error control mechanisms.

[0007] High coupling between data processing and communication: In existing solutions, edge processing and communication modules lack a clear division of labor, and image processing results are tightly bound to transmission control, resulting in poor system scalability. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for transmitting ultrasonic scalpel detection data that is compatible with multiple communication interfaces. This method solves the technical problem of achieving highly reliable, low-latency, and scalable transmission of ultrasonic scalpel image data under various communication interface conditions, while ensuring the integrity and consistency of image processing results and metadata.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A method for transmitting ultrasonic scalpel detection data compatible with multiple communication interfaces, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: During the initialization phase, the edge processing unit and the CCD camera complete their power-on self-tests sequentially;

[0012] The edge processing unit actively scans the connection status, link quality, and bandwidth capacity of all physical interfaces, selects the main transmission channel for this data transmission according to the priority strategy, and establishes a communication handshake with the host computer and synchronizes the transmission parameters of the interface bus.

[0013] Step 2: The CCD camera continuously acquires static and dynamic images of the target area and sends the images to the edge processing unit through a high-speed parallel interface;

[0014] After performing preprocessing on the image, the edge processing unit generates an image dataset and encapsulates it into a UUK-DF data frame according to the unified UUK-DF standard data format. The UUK-DF data frame is then placed in the list to be sent and marked as a data frame to be sent.

[0015] Step 3: The edge processing unit executes a Lite-Standard-Full three-level distribution strategy on the data frames to be sent based on the current bandwidth status and bit error rate of the main transmission channel. After fragmentation or compression, it continuously sends the data frames to be sent or fragmented frames to the host computer through the physical interface corresponding to the main transmission channel.

[0016] Step 4: After receiving the data frame or fragmented frame to be sent, the host computer puts the received data into the receive queue and determines whether reassembly is needed based on the type of data frame; after reassembling the fragmented frame, CRC check is performed on the reassembled or complete data frame.

[0017] The data frame after CRC check is completed is parsed, and image summary, grayscale histogram, boundary candidates and frame-level metadata are extracted and converted into image dataset for image analysis and display. If an abnormal data frame or link abnormality is detected during CRC check, the host computer sends a channel replacement or retransmission instruction back to the edge processing unit through the main transmission channel.

[0018] Preferably, step 1 includes the following:

[0019] Step 1-1: Initialization phase, the edge processing unit and CCD camera perform hardware self-test and function self-test in sequence; the CCD camera summarizes its own self-test results into a device status summary and sends its respective device status summary to the edge processing unit, which stores it locally.

[0020] Step 1-2: The edge processing unit detects all the physical interfaces provided by the communication chips it contains, performs interface detection on each physical interface one by one, obtains the link detection results of each physical interface, and constructs a LinkStatus record for each physical interface.

[0021] Interface testing specifically includes: physical link existence, bandwidth measurement, round-trip delay measurement, and bit error rate measurement;

[0022] Steps 1-3: The edge processing unit scores each LinkStatus record according to a preset priority strategy, and selects the physical interface with the highest score as the main transmission channel based on the ranking of the scores.

[0023] The formula for calculating the scoring function is as follows:

[0024] LinkScore=wb×norm(bandwidth)+wr×norm(1÷RTT)+we×norm(1÷errRate);

[0025] Where LinkScore is the score of the scoring function; bandwidth is the bandwidth; RTT is the round-trip delay measurement; errRate is the bit error rate; norm(·) is the entropy function; wb, wr, and we are all weights;

[0026] Steps 1-4: The edge processing unit shakes hands with the host computer through the main transmission channel to exchange and confirm communication parameters and data transmission rules, including protocol version number, data format version number, communication number, data transmission mode, maximum transmission unit, fragmentation strategy, whether compression is allowed, and whether remote distribution of algorithm parameters is allowed.

[0027] Steps 1-5: The host computer sends the final confirmed communication parameters to the edge processing unit, which then initializes the fragmentation buffer, CRC checker, and compression module based on the communication parameters.

[0028] Preferably, step 2 includes the following steps:

[0029] Step 2-1: The CCD camera continuously acquires static and dynamic images of the target area and transmits them to the edge processing unit in real time. The edge processing unit generates a frame number, timestamp, and pixel data array for each frame of image. The pixel data array includes a grayscale or color pixel matrix arranged in row and column order.

[0030] Step 2-2: The edge processing unit performs grayscale normalization and noise filtering preprocessing on each frame of the image; the preprocessing results include grayscale histograms and boundary candidates; simultaneously, metadata is generated for each frame of the image; based on the preprocessing results and metadata, image processing data is constructed, and the structure of the image processing data is as follows:

[0031] [Image processing data] = [Processing frame header] + [Frame number] + [Time stamp] + [Grayscale histogram] + [Boundary candidate] + [Metadata] + [CRC check];

[0032] The processing frame header is used to identify the start of the processing data; the boundary candidate is the boundary information of the expected region to be identified; the metadata includes the image frame size, acquisition mode, exposure parameters and processing tags, which are used to represent the basic information of the image.

[0033] Steps 2-3: The edge processing unit encapsulates the image processing data into a unified UUK-DF data frame. The structure of the UUK-DF data frame is as follows:

[0034] [UUK-DF data frame] = [fixed header] + [frame number] + [timestamp] + [grayscale histogram] + [boundary information] + [metadata] + [fragmentation information] + [compression identifier] + [CRC checksum];

[0035] The fixed header identifies the start of the data frame and includes the frame type and protocol version; the fragmentation information identifies whether the current frame is fragmented, the total number of fragments, and the fragment sequence number; the compression identifier indicates whether the current frame has been compressed.

[0036] Steps 2-4: The edge processing unit places the generated UUK-DF data frames into the waiting queue according to priority and marks them as waiting data frames.

[0037] Preferably, when performing step 3, the edge processing unit specifically includes the following steps:

[0038] Step 3-1: Retrieve the LinkStatus record of the main transmission channel and obtain the suggested MTU based on the preset link MTU policy;

[0039] Step 3-2: Based on the current bandwidth, latency, and bit error rate of the main transmission channel, evaluate the transmission strategy for the main transmission channel. The calculation formula for the transmission strategy evaluation is as follows:

[0040] LTI={BW×(1-BER)}÷{FrameSize×QueueFactor};

[0041] Wherein, LTI represents the policy evaluation result; BW represents the bandwidth of the main transmission channel; BER represents the bit error rate of the main transmission channel; FrameSize represents the frame size of the data frame to be sent; and QueueFactor represents the queue load factor.

[0042] QueueFactor = 1 + (queue length / maximum queue length);

[0043] Define the LTI fragmentation range:

[0044] If the LTI is less than the lower limit of the interval, the sending strategy will be set to Full, and the pending data frame will not be fragmented and will be sent directly.

[0045] If the LTI is within the range, the transmission strategy will be set to Standard, and the data frame to be transmitted will be fragmented according to the recommended MTU.

[0046] If the LTI reaches the upper limit of the range, the transmission strategy will be set to Lite, and the data frames to be transmitted must be fragmented or compressed according to the recommended MTU.

[0047] Step 3-3: After fragmenting or compressing the data frame to be sent, construct the fragmented frame. The structure of the fragmented frame is as follows:

[0048] [Fragment Frame] = [Fragment Header] + [Parent Frame Number] + [Fragment Sequence Number] + [Total Number of Fragments] + [Fragment Data] + [Compression Identifier] + [CRC Checksum];

[0049] The fragment header indicates that the frame is fragmented data; the parent frame number is the original UUK-DF data frame number; the fragment sequence number is the current fragment sequence number; the total number of fragments is the total number of fragments required; the fragmented data is the actual data of the fragmented frame; and the compression flag indicates whether compression is required.

[0050] Steps 3-4: Based on the link status and distribution priority, send the fragmented frames from the waiting queue to the host computer; prioritize sending the full-file data frames to be sent.

[0051] Preferably, step 4 includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 4-1: The host computer receives the data frames or fragmented frames to be sent from the edge processing unit through the main transmission channel, puts the received data into the receiving queue, and records the receiving time and frame type.

[0053] Step 4-2: The host computer determines whether there are fragmented frames in the queue: For fragmented frames, they are reassembled into complete UUK-DF data frames according to the parent frame number and fragment sequence number;

[0054] For complete frames, i.e., those that are complete data frames to be sent or complete UUK-DF data frames after reassembly, CRC check is performed;

[0055] Step 4-3: The host computer parses the complete frame, extracts image summary, grayscale histogram, boundary candidates and frame-level metadata, and converts them into an image dataset for amplitude calculation and display.

[0056] Step 4-4: If a data frame or link anomaly is detected during the parsing process, the host computer generates an anomaly report and sends a channel switching or retransmission command back to the edge processing unit through the main transmission channel; data frame anomalies include CRC check failure, missing fragments, or frame timeout; link anomalies include low bandwidth or high bit error rate.

[0057] This invention provides a multi-communication-interface-compatible ultrasonic scalpel detection data transmission method, solving the technical problem of achieving highly reliable, low-latency, and scalable transmission of ultrasonic scalpel image data under various communication interface conditions, while ensuring the integrity and consistency of image processing results and metadata. This invention can actively scan multiple physical interfaces, select the primary transmission channel based on link bandwidth, latency, and bit error rate, and achieve real-time adaptive switching to improve system reliability. Through a standardized data frame structure, image summaries, grayscale histograms, boundary candidates, and metadata are encapsulated and transmitted, achieving compatibility and scalability between different devices. Based on link status and queue load, a Lite / Standard / Full distribution strategy is intelligently selected to ensure timely, complete, and reliable transmission of critical image data. The receiving end can perform CRC checks and reassemblies on data frames and provide real-time feedback for abnormal frames or link anomalies, improving data integrity and transmission security. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figure 1 This is the main flowchart of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the system initialization and communication preparation of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the image acquisition and data frame construction process of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the data frame distribution and transmission of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the data receiving, reassembly, and parsing process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0063] Depend on Figures 1-5 The ultrasonic scalpel detection data transmission method, which is compatible with multiple communication interfaces, includes the following steps:

[0064] Step 1: During the initialization phase, the edge processing unit and the CCD camera complete their power-on self-tests sequentially;

[0065] The edge processing unit actively scans the connection status, link quality, and bandwidth capacity of all physical interfaces, selects the main transmission channel for this data transmission according to the priority strategy, and establishes a communication handshake with the host computer and synchronizes the transmission parameters of the interface bus.

[0066] When performing step 1, the specific steps include:

[0067] Step 1-1: Initialization phase, the edge processing unit and CCD camera perform hardware self-test and function self-test in sequence; the CCD camera summarizes its own self-test results into a device status summary and sends its respective device status summary to the edge processing unit, which stores it locally.

[0068] Step 1-2: The edge processing unit detects all the physical interfaces provided by the communication chips it contains, performs interface detection on each physical interface one by one, obtains the link detection results of each physical interface, and constructs a LinkStatus record for each physical interface.

[0069] Interface testing specifically includes: physical link existence, bandwidth measurement, round-trip delay measurement, and bit error rate measurement;

[0070] Steps 1-3: The edge processing unit scores each LinkStatus record according to a preset priority strategy, and selects the physical interface with the highest score as the main transmission channel based on the ranking of the scores.

[0071] The formula for calculating the scoring function is as follows:

[0072] LinkScore=wb×norm(bandwidth)+wr×norm(1÷RTT)+we×norm(1÷errRate);

[0073] Where LinkScore is the score of the scoring function; bandwidth is the bandwidth; RTT is the round-trip delay measurement; errRate is the bit error rate; norm(·) is the entropy function; wb, wr, and we are all weights;

[0074] Steps 1-4: The edge processing unit shakes hands with the host computer through the main transmission channel to exchange and confirm communication parameters and data transmission rules, including protocol version number, data format version number, communication number, data transmission mode, maximum transmission unit, fragmentation strategy, whether compression is allowed, and whether remote distribution of algorithm parameters is allowed.

[0075] Steps 1-5: The host computer sends the final confirmed communication parameters to the edge processing unit, which then initializes the fragmentation buffer, CRC checker, and compression module based on the communication parameters.

[0076] In this embodiment, the edge processing unit includes at least one core processing module FPGA and multiple communication chips, each communication chip containing a physical interface.

[0077] The FPGA is mainly responsible for receiving high-speed image streams from the CCD camera, performing image preprocessing (grayscale normalization, noise filtering, and boundary candidate extraction), constructing image processing data and encapsulating UUK-DF data frames, performing fragmentation, compression, and CRC verification, and implementing a Lite-Standard-Full three-level distribution strategy based on the link status.

[0078] Communication chips may include Ethernet control chips, USB 3.0 / 3.1 controllers, Wi-Fi / wireless communication modules, CAN or UART chips, etc.

[0079] The interface between the CCD camera and the FPGA can use Camera Link / MIPI CSI / LVDS interfaces.

[0080] In this embodiment, the edge processing unit scans and evaluates multiple physical interfaces during the initialization phase. This is primarily to achieve adaptive transmission across multiple interfaces, ensuring the selection of the optimal channel under different link conditions. The LinkScore scoring function quantifies and ranks each interface by comprehensively considering normalized metrics such as bandwidth, latency, and bit error rate, thereby automatically selecting the best transmission path. Generally, bandwidth primarily ensures data transmission rate; round-trip time (RTT) affects real-time performance; and bit error rate (errRate) primarily ensures transmission reliability.

[0081] In this embodiment, if the USB interface has high bandwidth but a high bit error rate, while the Ethernet interface has slightly lower bandwidth but a lower bit error rate, the scoring function will tend to select the Ethernet interface as the main transmission channel, thereby balancing reliability and real-time performance during high-speed image transmission.

[0082] Step 2: The CCD camera continuously acquires static and dynamic images of the target area and sends the images to the edge processing unit through a high-speed parallel interface;

[0083] After performing preprocessing on the image, the edge processing unit generates an image dataset and encapsulates it into a UUK-DF data frame according to the unified UUK-DF standard data format. The UUK-DF data frame is then placed in the list to be sent and marked as a data frame to be sent.

[0084] Step 2 includes the following steps:

[0085] Step 2-1: The CCD camera continuously acquires static and dynamic images of the target area and transmits them to the edge processing unit in real time. The edge processing unit generates a frame number, timestamp, and pixel data array for each frame of image. The pixel data array includes a grayscale or color pixel matrix arranged in row and column order.

[0086] Step 2-2: The edge processing unit performs grayscale normalization and noise filtering preprocessing on each frame of the image; the preprocessing results include grayscale histograms and boundary candidates; simultaneously, metadata is generated for each frame of the image; based on the preprocessing results and metadata, image processing data is constructed, and the structure of the image processing data is as follows:

[0087] [Image processing data] = [Processing frame header] + [Frame number] + [Time stamp] + [Grayscale histogram] + [Boundary candidate] + [Metadata] + [CRC check];

[0088] The processing frame header is used to identify the start of data processing; the boundary candidate is the boundary information of the expected region to be identified. The specific algorithm model of the boundary candidate is set by the user and is set according to the object in the target region. In this embodiment, it is intended for data transmission, and the boundary candidate will be processed as known data; the metadata includes image frame size, acquisition mode, exposure parameters and processing tags, which are used to represent the basic information of the image.

[0089] Steps 2-3: The edge processing unit encapsulates the image processing data into a unified UUK-DF data frame. The structure of the UUK-DF data frame is as follows:

[0090] [UUK-DF data frame] = [fixed header] + [frame number] + [timestamp] + [grayscale histogram] + [boundary information] + [metadata] + [fragmentation information] + [compression identifier] + [CRC checksum];

[0091] The fixed header identifies the start of the data frame and includes the frame type and protocol version; the fragmentation information identifies whether the current frame is fragmented, the total number of fragments, and the fragment sequence number; the compression identifier indicates whether the current frame has been compressed.

[0092] Steps 2-4: The edge processing unit places the generated UUK-DF data frames into the waiting queue according to priority and marks them as waiting data frames.

[0093] In this embodiment, the image generated by the CCD camera is processed by the edge processing unit and then encapsulated into a UUK-DF standard data frame. This is to achieve data frame standardization and decoupling of edge preprocessing. By including grayscale histograms, boundary candidates, and metadata in the data frame, the image can be quickly parsed and reconstructed on the host computer without transmitting the original large-size image, thereby reducing link load and transmission latency. For a 512×512 grayscale image, the edge processing unit extracts the grayscale histogram and boundary candidates and encapsulates them into a UUK-DF data frame. Assuming the original image size is 256KB, only 30KB of data frame needs to be transmitted, greatly saving bandwidth and retaining key feature information for amplitude calculation and display.

[0094] Step 3: The edge processing unit executes a Lite-Standard-Full three-level distribution strategy on the data frames to be sent based on the current bandwidth status and bit error rate of the main transmission channel. After fragmentation or compression, it continuously sends the data frames to be sent or fragmented frames to the host computer through the physical interface corresponding to the main transmission channel.

[0095] When performing step 3, the edge processing unit specifically includes the following steps:

[0096] Step 3-1: Retrieve the LinkStatus record of the main transmission channel and obtain the suggested MTU based on the preset link MTU policy;

[0097] The link MTU policy can be set according to specific scenarios. In this embodiment, the link MTU policy is shown in Table 1 below:

[0098]

[0099] Table 1

[0100] Step 3-2: Based on the current bandwidth, latency, and bit error rate of the main transmission channel, evaluate the transmission strategy for the main transmission channel. The calculation formula for the transmission strategy evaluation is as follows:

[0101] LTI={BW×(1-BER)}÷{FrameSize×QueueFactor};

[0102] Wherein, LTI represents the policy evaluation result; BW represents the bandwidth of the main transmission channel; BER represents the bit error rate of the main transmission channel; FrameSize represents the frame size of the data frames to be transmitted; and Queue Factor represents the queue load factor.

[0103] QueueFactor = 1 + (queue length / maximum queue length);

[0104] Define the LTI fragmentation range:

[0105] If the LTI is less than the lower limit of the interval, the sending strategy will be set to Full, and the pending data frame will not be fragmented and will be sent directly.

[0106] If the LTI is within the range, the transmission strategy will be set to Standard, and the MTU will fragment the data frame to be transmitted according to the recommendations.

[0107] If the LTI reaches the upper limit of the range, the transmission strategy will be set to Lite, and the data frames to be transmitted must be fragmented or compressed according to the recommended MTU.

[0108] Step 3-3: After fragmenting or compressing the data frame to be sent, construct the fragmented frame. The structure of the fragmented frame is as follows:

[0109] [Fragment Frame] = [Fragment Header] + [Parent Frame Number] + [Fragment Sequence Number] + [Total Number of Fragments] + [Fragment Data] + [Compression Identifier] + [CRC Checksum];

[0110] The fragment header indicates that the frame is fragmented data; the parent frame number is the original UUK-DF data frame number; the fragment sequence number is the current fragment sequence number; the total number of fragments is the total number of fragments required; the fragmented data is the actual data of the fragmented frame; and the compression flag indicates whether compression is required.

[0111] Steps 3-4: Based on the link status and distribution priority, send the fragmented frames from the waiting queue to the host computer; prioritize sending the full-file data frames to be sent.

[0112] The Lite-Standard-Full three-tiered distribution strategy and fragmentation compression mechanism in this embodiment are used for adaptive data scheduling. They adjust the data transmission mode based on link quality and queue load, ensuring priority transmission of critical data and reducing frame loss or latency. The fragmentation mechanism breaks down large frames into manageable smaller frames, combining CRC checksums and compression flags to achieve reliable and efficient transmission. If the main transmission channel bandwidth is low and the bit error rate is high, and the LTI (Lite Indicator) reaches the Lite level, the system will split the original 1MB UUK-DF data frame into 10 fragments of 100KB each and enable compression. Under high bandwidth and low bit error rate conditions, and the LTI is at the Full level, the entire frame is sent directly, improving real-time performance.

[0113] Step 4: After receiving the data frame or fragmented frame to be sent, the host computer puts the received data into the receive queue and determines whether reassembly is needed based on the type of data frame; after reassembling the fragmented frame, CRC check is performed on the reassembled or complete data frame.

[0114] The data frame after CRC check is completed is parsed, and image summary, grayscale histogram, boundary candidates and frame-level metadata are extracted and converted into image dataset for image analysis and display. If an abnormal data frame or link abnormality is detected during CRC check, the host computer sends a channel replacement or retransmission instruction back to the edge processing unit through the main transmission channel.

[0115] Step 4 includes the following steps:

[0116] Step 4-1: The host computer receives the data frames or fragmented frames to be sent from the edge processing unit through the main transmission channel, puts the received data into the receiving queue, and records the receiving time and frame type.

[0117] Step 4-2: The host computer determines whether there are fragmented frames in the queue: For fragmented frames, they are reassembled into complete UUK-DF data frames according to the parent frame number and fragment sequence number;

[0118] For complete frames, i.e., those that are complete data frames to be sent or complete UUK-DF data frames after reassembly, CRC check is performed;

[0119] Step 4-3: The host computer parses the complete frame, extracts image summary, grayscale histogram, boundary candidates and frame-level metadata, and converts them into an image dataset for amplitude calculation and display.

[0120] Step 4-4: If a data frame or link anomaly is detected during the parsing process, the host computer generates an anomaly report and sends a channel switching or retransmission command back to the edge processing unit through the main transmission channel; data frame anomalies include CRC check failure, missing fragments, or frame timeout; link anomalies include low bandwidth or high bit error rate.

[0121] The host computer's data reassembly, CRC check, and parsing mechanisms enable error detection and integrity assurance at the receiving end. Through fragment reassembly and CRC check, frame loss or link anomalies can be quickly detected and fed back to the edge processing unit, thereby triggering channel switching or data retransmission to ensure image data continuity and analysis accuracy.

[0122] If a frame fragment number is missing or the CRC check fails, the host computer immediately generates an error report and notifies the edge processing unit to switch to the backup interface or resend the frame, thereby avoiding erroneous data during data parsing.

[0123] This invention provides a multi-communication-interface-compatible ultrasonic scalpel detection data transmission method, solving the technical problem of achieving highly reliable, low-latency, and scalable transmission of ultrasonic scalpel image data under various communication interface conditions, while ensuring the integrity and consistency of image processing results and metadata. This invention can actively scan multiple physical interfaces, select the primary transmission channel based on link bandwidth, latency, and bit error rate, and achieve real-time adaptive switching to improve system reliability. Through a standardized data frame structure, image summaries, grayscale histograms, boundary candidates, and metadata are encapsulated and transmitted, achieving compatibility and scalability between different devices. Based on link status and queue load, a Lite / Standard / Full distribution strategy is intelligently selected to ensure timely, complete, and reliable transmission of critical image data. The receiving end can perform CRC checks and reassemblies on data frames and provide real-time feedback for abnormal frames or link anomalies, improving data integrity and transmission security.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting data during ultrasonic scalpel detection that is compatible with multiple communication interfaces, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: During the initialization phase, the edge processing unit and the CCD camera complete their power-on self-tests sequentially; The edge processing unit actively scans the connection status, link quality, and bandwidth capacity of all physical interfaces, selects the main transmission channel for this data transmission according to the priority strategy, and establishes a communication handshake with the host computer and synchronizes the transmission parameters of the interface bus. Step 2: The CCD camera continuously acquires static and dynamic images of the target area and sends the images to the edge processing unit through a high-speed parallel interface; After performing preprocessing on the image, the edge processing unit generates an image dataset and encapsulates it into a UUK-DF data frame according to the unified UUK-DF standard data format. The UUK-DF data frame is then placed in the list to be sent and marked as a data frame to be sent. Step 3: The edge processing unit executes a Lite-Standard-Full three-level distribution strategy on the data frames to be sent based on the current bandwidth status and bit error rate of the main transmission channel. After fragmentation or compression, it continuously sends the data frames to be sent or fragmented frames to the host computer through the physical interface corresponding to the main transmission channel. Step 4: After receiving the data frame or fragment frame to be sent, the host computer puts the received data into the receiving queue and determines whether it needs to be reassembled based on the type of data frame. After reassembling the fragmented frames, perform CRC check on the reassembled or complete data frame; The data frame after CRC check is completed is parsed, and image summary, grayscale histogram, boundary candidates and frame-level metadata are extracted and converted into image dataset for image analysis and display. If an abnormal data frame or link abnormality is detected during CRC check, the host computer sends a channel replacement or retransmission instruction back to the edge processing unit through the main transmission channel.

2. The ultrasonic scalpel detection data transmission method compatible with multiple communication interfaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When performing step 1, the specific steps include: Step 1-1: Initialization phase, the edge processing unit and CCD camera perform hardware self-test and function self-test in sequence; the CCD camera summarizes its own self-test results into a device status summary and sends its respective device status summary to the edge processing unit, which stores it locally. Step 1-2: The edge processing unit detects all the physical interfaces provided by the communication chips it contains, performs interface detection on each physical interface one by one, obtains the link detection results of each physical interface, and constructs a LinkStatus record for each physical interface. Interface testing specifically includes: physical link existence, bandwidth measurement, round-trip delay measurement, and bit error rate measurement; Steps 1-3: The edge processing unit scores each LinkStatus record according to a preset priority strategy, and selects the physical interface with the highest score as the main transmission channel based on the ranking of the scores. The formula for calculating the scoring function is as follows: LinkScore=wb×norm(bandwidth)+wr×norm(1÷RTT)+we×norm(1÷errRate); Where LinkScore is the score of the scoring function; bandwidth is the bandwidth; RTT is the round-trip delay measurement; errRate is the bit error rate; norm(·) is the entropy function; wb, wr, and we are all weights; Steps 1-4: The edge processing unit shakes hands with the host computer through the main transmission channel to exchange and confirm communication parameters and data transmission rules, including protocol version number, data format version number, communication number, data transmission mode, maximum transmission unit, fragmentation strategy, whether compression is allowed, and whether remote distribution of algorithm parameters is allowed. Steps 1-5: The host computer sends the final confirmed communication parameters to the edge processing unit, which then initializes the fragmentation buffer, CRC checker, and compression module based on the communication parameters.

3. The ultrasonic scalpel detection data transmission method compatible with multiple communication interfaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Step 2 includes the following steps: Step 2-1: The CCD camera continuously acquires static and dynamic images of the target area and transmits them to the edge processing unit in real time. The edge processing unit generates a frame number, timestamp, and pixel data array for each frame of image. The pixel data array includes a grayscale or color pixel matrix arranged in row and column order. Step 2-2: The edge processing unit performs grayscale normalization and noise filtering preprocessing on each frame of the image; The preprocessing results include grayscale histograms and boundary candidates; metadata is also generated for each frame of the image; based on the preprocessing results and metadata, image processing data is constructed, and the structure of the image processing data is as follows: [Image processing data] = [Processing frame header] + [Frame number] + [Time stamp] + [Grayscale histogram] + [Boundary candidate] + [Metadata] + [CRC check]; The processing frame header is used to identify the start of the processing data; the boundary candidate is the boundary information of the expected region to be identified; the metadata includes the image frame size, acquisition mode, exposure parameters and processing tags, which are used to represent the basic information of the image. Steps 2-3: The edge processing unit encapsulates the image processing data into a unified UUK-DF data frame. The structure of the UUK-DF data frame is as follows: [UUK-DF data frame] = [fixed header] + [frame number] + [timestamp] + [grayscale histogram] + [boundary information] + [metadata] + [fragmentation information] + [compression identifier] + [CRC checksum]; The fixed header identifies the start of the data frame and includes the frame type and protocol version; the fragmentation information identifies whether the current frame is fragmented, the total number of fragments, and the fragment sequence number; the compression identifier indicates whether the current frame has been compressed. Steps 2-4: The edge processing unit places the generated UUK-DF data frames into the waiting queue according to priority and marks them as waiting data frames.

4. The ultrasonic scalpel detection data transmission method compatible with multiple communication interfaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When performing step 3, the edge processing unit specifically includes the following steps: Step 3-1: Retrieve the LinkStatus record of the main transmission channel and obtain the suggested MTU based on the preset link MTU policy; Step 3-2: Based on the current bandwidth, latency, and bit error rate of the main transmission channel, evaluate the transmission strategy for the main transmission channel. The calculation formula for the transmission strategy evaluation is as follows: LTI={BW×(1-BER)}÷{FrameSize×QueueFactor}; Wherein, LTI represents the policy evaluation result; BW represents the bandwidth of the main transmission channel; BER represents the bit error rate of the main transmission channel; FrameSize represents the frame size of the data frames to be transmitted; and Queue Factor represents the queue load factor. QueueFactor = 1 + (queue length / maximum queue length); Define the LTI fragmentation range: If the LTI is less than the lower limit of the interval, the sending strategy will be set to Full, and the pending data frame will not be fragmented and will be sent directly. If the LTI is within the range, the transmission strategy will be set to Standard, and the data frame to be transmitted will be fragmented according to the recommended MTU. If the LTI reaches the upper limit of the range, the transmission strategy will be set to Lite, and the data frames to be transmitted must be fragmented or compressed according to the recommended MTU. Step 3-3: After fragmenting or compressing the data frame to be sent, construct the fragmented frame. The structure of the fragmented frame is as follows: [Fragment Frame] = [Fragment Header] + [Parent Frame Number] + [Fragment Sequence Number] + [Total Number of Fragments] + [Fragment Data] + [Compression Identifier] + [CRC Checksum]; The fragment header indicates that the frame is fragmented data; the parent frame number is the original UUK-DF data frame number; the fragment sequence number is the current fragment sequence number; the total number of fragments is the total number of fragments required; the fragmented data is the actual data of the fragmented frame; and the compression flag indicates whether compression is required. Steps 3-4: Based on the link status and distribution priority, send the fragmented frames from the waiting queue to the host computer; prioritize sending the full-file data frames to be sent.

5. The ultrasonic scalpel detection data transmission method compatible with multiple communication interfaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Step 4 includes the following steps: Step 4-1: The host computer receives the data frames or fragmented frames to be sent from the edge processing unit through the main transmission channel, puts the received data into the receiving queue, and records the receiving time and frame type. Step 4-2: The host computer determines whether there are fragmented frames in the queue: For fragmented frames, they are reassembled into complete UUK-DF data frames according to the parent frame number and fragment sequence number; For complete frames, i.e., those that are complete data frames to be sent or complete UUK-DF data frames after reassembly, CRC check is performed; Step 4-3: The host computer parses the complete frame, extracts image summary, grayscale histogram, boundary candidates and frame-level metadata, and converts them into an image dataset for amplitude calculation and display. Step 4-4: If a data frame or link anomaly is detected during the parsing process, the host computer generates an anomaly report and sends a channel switching or retransmission command back to the edge processing unit through the main transmission channel; data frame anomalies include CRC check failure, missing fragments, or frame timeout; link anomalies include low bandwidth or high bit error rate.

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