Distraction device suitable for neurosurgery endoscopic operation path establishment and operation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a path establishing and distraction device suitable for neurosurgery endoscopic surgery and an operation method.The path establishing and distraction device is provided with an annular base, an annular gear coaxial with the base is arranged at one end of the base, and the annular gear can rotate on the base around a common shaft; side gears are rotatably and uniformly arranged on the outer side surface of the base, the side gears are meshed with the annular gear, fins corresponding to the side gears are arranged on the inner side surface of the base, and the side gears are fixedly connected with the lower ends of the fins through center shafts; each fin is provided with a convex outer side face and a concave inner side face, the lower end of each outer side face is attached to the inner side face of the base, and the fins are arranged in a stacked mode. Methods of using the distraction device suitable for neurosurgical endoscopic surgery path establishment are also disclosed. The path establishing and distraction device has the complete process function of establishing, distraction, stabilizing and removing, the operation efficiency and the tissue protection effect are improved, and the path establishing and distraction device has good clinical practical value and popularization prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical devices, and more specifically relates to a device and operating method for establishing and opening surgical pathways in neurosurgery. Background Technology

[0002] Neuroendoscopic techniques are widely used in deep neurosurgical procedures involving the ventricles, skull base, and brainstem. To establish minimally invasive pathways and protect tissues, endoscopic access systems or retractors are often required to expose the surgical field. Currently available related devices mainly include: Spectrum-type retractors (such as double-wing or triple-wing retractors): These use mechanical wings that open around the center to form a window, but they are mostly controlled by a handle, have a large structure, and are suitable for superficial or craniotomy procedures, but are difficult to adapt to narrow intracranial spaces.

[0003] Expandable cannula systems (such as spinal endoscopy channels and nerve channel expanders): They expand by layering or elastic support rings. Some designs can expand radially to form a channel, but the expansion action is often axial sliding and does not have radially controllable expansion function. The channel opening angle is difficult to adjust precisely.

[0004] Mechanical gear-linked retractors: Some retractors use a gear-arm linkage design to achieve synchronous opening and closing, often used in rigid retraction or clamping scenarios. However, a cone-shaped endoscopic channel structure capable of minimally invasive access to brain tissue has not yet been developed. Furthermore, most devices lack opening and limiting structures, which may lead to retraction, loosening, or channel deformation under tissue reaction forces, affecting surgical safety.

[0005] In addition, existing devices are difficult to release gradually during the postoperative channel removal phase, and some designs require complete removal, which poses a risk of tissue damage and bleeding.

[0006] In summary, there is currently a lack of a compact, controllable, stable, and postoperatively releasable neuroendoscopic channel deployment device that is particularly suitable for constructing continuous operating channels in deep soft tissue pathways. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a device and operating method for establishing and opening surgical pathways in neurosurgery, which can solve the problems in the prior art.

[0008] The specific solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A device for establishing and opening a surgical path in neurosurgery is provided. The device has an annular base 1 and an annular gear 2 coaxial with the base 1 is provided on one end of the base 1. The annular gear 2 can rotate on the base 1 about a common axis. Side gears 3 are rotatably and evenly arranged on the outer side of the base 1. The side gears 3 mesh with the ring gear 2. A wing 4 corresponding to the side gears 3 is arranged on the inner side of the base 1. The side gears 3 are fixedly connected to the lower end of the wing 4 through a central shaft. The wing 4 has an outwardly convex outer surface 5 and an inwardly concave inner surface 6. The lower end of the outer surface 5 is attached to the inner surface of the base 1. Multiple wing 4 are stacked, and the number of wing 4 is 6 or 9.

[0009] The further optimized solution is as follows: The wing 4 is elongated. The stacking configuration is such that the long side of one side of the wing 4 is inside the wing of the other side, which is called the inner side 7; and the long side of the other side of the wing 4 is outside the wing of the other side, which is called the outer side 8.

[0010] The further optimized solution is as follows: A rounded corner 9 is provided at the intersection of the top and upper edge of the outer side 8, and the radius of the rounded corner 9 is smaller than the width of the stack at the outer side 8.

[0011] The further optimized solution is as follows: When the path-establishing and opening device is in the open state, the base 1, the ring gear 2 and the plurality of the winglets 4 form a cylindrical surgical channel 10.

[0012] The further optimized solution is as follows: When the path-establishing and opening device is in a contracted state, the end of the wing 4 is not completely closed, and the base 1, the ring gear 2 and the plurality of wing 4 form a contraction channel 11, and the end of the wing 4 forms a conical contraction head 12.

[0013] The further optimized solution is as follows: A housing 13 is fixedly fitted on the outer surface of the base 1 and the ring gear 2. A knob 14 is provided on the housing 13. The shaft of the knob 14 is connected to the central shaft of one of the side gears 3, so that rotating the knob 14 will drive all the side gears 3 to rotate.

[0014] The further optimized solution is as follows: A limiting device 15 for restricting the rotation of the ring gear 2 is also provided on the outer casing 13.

[0015] The further optimized solution is as follows: The limiting device 15 includes a strip-shaped opening 16 on the outer shell 13, a connecting rod 17 in the strip-shaped opening 16, a limiting cover 18 located outside the outer shell 13 at one end of the connecting rod 17, and a limiting rod 19 located between the outer shell 13 and the base 1 at the other end. The end of the limiting rod 19 is used to be inserted between the teeth of the ring gear 2. A rubber layer is wrapped around the outside of the connecting rod 17. The connecting rod 17 and the side of the strip opening 16 form a squeezed rubber layer, and the position of the connecting rod 17 is fixed under the action of friction.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention also includes a method for using the above-mentioned endoscopic surgical pathway establishment device for neurosurgery, the method comprising: rotating any one of the side gears 3 to set the pathway establishment device to a retracted state; holding or clamping the base 1 and inserting the pathway establishment device into the part where a channel needs to be established, during the insertion process the pathway establishment device can be rotated in the direction of rotation from the outer side 8 along the wing 4 to the inner side 7; when rotated to the correct position, rotating the side gear 3 to set the pathway establishment device to an extended state; after the operation is completed, rotating the side gear 3 to set the pathway establishment device to a retracted state and pulling out the pathway establishment device.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention also includes a method for using the above-mentioned endoscopic surgical pathway establishment device for neurosurgery: Rotating knob 14 to set the pathway establishment device to a retracted state, and pushing the limiting device 15 to keep the pathway establishment device in a retracted state; holding or clamping the outer shell 13, inserting the pathway establishment device into the area where a channel needs to be established; during insertion, the pathway establishment device can be rotated in the direction from the outer side 8 along the wing 4 to the inner side 7; when rotated to the correct position, releasing the limiting device 15, rotating knob 14 to set the pathway establishment device to an extended state, and pushing the limiting device 15 to keep the pathway establishment device in an extended state; after the surgery is completed, rotating knob 14 to set the pathway establishment device to a retracted state, pushing the limiting device 15 to keep the pathway establishment device in a retracted state, and pulling out the pathway establishment device.

[0018] The advantages of this invention are: This invention achieves synchronous operation of multiple blades through a ring gear.

[0019] A limiting device is installed, which can lock the flap when it is in the deployed or retracted state, thus ensuring the stability of the channel and reducing the risks during surgery.

[0020] The blades are stacked in a curved shape. During rotation, the blades are compressed by the base and the inner side of the ring gear, as well as by the inner side of another blade, and driven by the rotation of the side gear, causing the ends of the blades to contract inward, thus forming a conical head. The conical head of this invention may not be completely closed; the degree of closure can be adjusted as needed. When the ends contract inward, the junction of the long and upper sides of the outer edge of the blade is rounded, reducing the impact on tissue during device insertion.

[0021] When the wing is in the open position, the base, ring gear and wing form a channel for surgical instruments to pass through. At this time, the wing can avoid being squeezed and contracted by brain tissue under the interaction of the forces between them and its own rigidity characteristics.

[0022] The path establishment and dispersing device of the present invention has a complete process function of "establishment-dispersing-stabilization-removal", which improves surgical efficiency and tissue protection effect, and has good clinical practical value and promotion prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the surgical path establishment and opening device angle one of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the wing structure of the surgical path establishment and opening device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of section A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the surgical path establishment and opening device at angle two of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 A top view of the retracted state of the dispersing device is established for the surgical path of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 A front view of the expansion device in its contracted state is established for the surgical path of this invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the surgical path establishment and opening device of the present invention, with a shell.

[0030] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of section B in the middle.

[0031] Figure 9 This is an enlarged view of the limiting device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This is an operation flowchart of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 11 This is an operation flowchart of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Ring gear; 3. Side gear; 4. Wing; 5. Outer side; 6. Inner side; 7. Inner edge; 8. Outer edge; 9. Rounded corner; 10. Surgical channel; 11. Contraction channel; 12. Contraction head; 13. Outer shell; 14. Knob; 15. Limiting device; 16. Strip opening; 17. Connecting rod; 18. Limiting cover; 19. Limiting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0036] This invention discloses a device for establishing and opening surgical pathways in neurosurgical endoscopic procedures. The device has a complete "establishment-opening-stabilization-removal" process, which improves surgical efficiency and tissue protection, and has good clinical practical value and promotion prospects. Example

[0038] Reference Appendix Figure 1 The path-establishing support device unfolds into a cylindrical shape, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the surgical channel 10 formed inside it allows instruments such as endoscopes, suction tubes, and electrocoagulation tubes to pass through.

[0039] Reference Appendix Figure 1 The path-establishing support device has an annular base 1, an annular gear 2, a side gear 3, and multiple blades 4. The annular gear 2 is rotatably mounted at one end (or side) of the base 1, and the base 1 and the annular gear 2 are coaxially arranged. The annular gear 2 can rotate on the base 1 about an axis shared with the base 1.

[0040] To enable multiple blades to operate synchronously, such as Figure 1 , 6 As shown, side gears 3 are rotatably and uniformly arranged on the outer side (or outer circumferential surface) of the base 1. The side gears 3 mesh with the ring gears 2, so that driving one gear to rotate can synchronously drive all the gears to rotate.

[0041] like Figure 1 , 6 As shown, a wing 4 corresponding to the side gear 3 is provided on the inner side of the base 1, and the central axis of the side gear 3 is fixed to the lower end of the wing 4. When the side gear 3 rotates, it drives the wing 4 to rotate.

[0042] Reference Appendix Figure 2The wing 4 is elongated, with short sides at the top and bottom and long sides on both sides. The two short sides curve inward, thus forming an outer surface 5 that is convex and an inner surface 6 that is concave.

[0043] The lower end of the outer side 5 is attached to the inner side of the base 1, and multiple winglets 4 are stacked.

[0044] Reference Appendix Figure 3 The stacking configuration is such that the long side of one side of the wing 4 is inside the wing of the other side, which is called the inner side 7; the long side of the other side of the wing 4 is outside the wing of the other side, which is called the outer side 8.

[0045] To reduce the impact on brain tissue at the junction of the long and superior sides of the wing, which are located on the outer side. For example... Figure 3 As shown, a rounded corner 9 is provided at the intersection of the outer long side and the upper side, and the radius of the rounded corner 9 is smaller than the width of the stacked outer side 8.

[0046] Reference Appendix Figure 3 The intersection of the inner long side and the upper side can also be set as an arc.

[0047] Reference Appendix Figure 4 When the surgical channel 10 is in the open state, it is formed by the base 1, the ring gear 2 and the multiple winglets 4.

[0048] Reference Appendix Figure 5 , 6 When the path-establishing and opening device is in the contracted state, the ends of the winglets 4 are not completely closed. The base 1, the ring gear 2, and the multiple winglets 4 form a contraction channel 11, and the ends of the winglets 4 form a conical contraction head 12. The more winglets there are, the smaller the serrations of the contraction head 12 become, and the closer it is to a plane. Since the entire side of the long side and the upper side is provided with rounded corners, even if the contraction head 12 has serrations, it will not have an adverse effect on the tissue during insertion. Example

[0050] In order for the path-establishing spreading device to be clamped (e.g., clamped by a puller), based on Embodiment 1, refer to Appendix Figure 7 A housing 13 is fixedly fitted onto the outer surface of the base 1 and the ring gear 2. A knob 14 is provided on the housing 13, and the shaft of the knob 14 is connected to the central shaft of one of the side gears 3. Since the side gears 3 are already linked through the ring gear 2, driving one side gear 3 will rotate the knob 14 to drive all the side gears 3 to rotate, thereby driving all the blades 4 to rotate synchronously.

[0051] To ensure locking when the fins are deployed or retracted, refer to the attached document. Figure 7A limiting device 15 for limiting the rotation of the ring gear 2 is also provided on the outer casing 13.

[0052] Reference Appendix Figure 8 The specific structure of the limiting device 15 includes a strip-shaped opening 16 on the outer shell 13, and a connecting rod 17 is provided in the strip-shaped opening 16. There should be at least two connecting rods 17, so that the limiting device 15 can move linearly within the strip-shaped opening 16 without rotating.

[0053] Reference Appendix Figure 9 A limiting cover 18 is provided at one end of the connecting rod 17, located outside the housing 13, and a limiting rod 19 is provided at the other end, located between the housing 13 and the base 1. The end of the limiting rod 19 is used to insert into the teeth of the ring gear 2. Pushing the limiting cover 18 will push the limiting device 15.

[0054] In order to fix the limiting device 15 at any position in the strip opening 16, a rubber layer is wrapped around the outside of the connecting rod 17. The connecting rod 17 and the side of the strip opening 16 form a squeezed rubber layer, and the position of the connecting rod 17 is fixed under the action of friction.

[0055] Although sometimes when pushing the limit cover 18, the limit rod 19 cannot be inserted between the teeth of the ring gear 2, at this time, it is only necessary to rotate the side gear 3 left and right while pushing the limit cover 18 to insert the limit rod 19 between the teeth of the ring gear 2. Example

[0057] Based on Embodiment 2, preferably, the number of winglets 4 is 6 or 9.

[0058] Reference Appendix Figure 10 Based on the above embodiment one, the present invention also discloses a method for establishing a dissector using the neurosurgical endoscopic surgical path applicable to embodiment one, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Rotate any one of the side gears 3 to set the path establishment and expansion device to a retracted state.

[0059] S2. Hold or clamp the base 1 and insert the path establishment and opening device into the part where the channel needs to be established. During the insertion process, the path establishment and opening device can be rotated in the direction of the outer side 8 pointing from the wing 4 to the inner side 7.

[0060] S3. When the rotation is in place, rotate the side gear 3 to set the path establishment and opening device to the unfolded state.

[0061] S4. After the surgery is completed, rotate the side gear 3 to set the path establishment and opening device to the retracted state, and pull out the path establishment and opening device.

[0062] As can be seen from step S4, this application solves the problem in the prior art that during the postoperative channel removal stage, it is difficult to gradually release the pressure, and some designs can only be pulled out directly without shrinking.

[0063] Reference Appendix Figure 11 Based on the above-described embodiment two, the present invention also discloses a method for establishing a dissector device suitable for neurosurgical endoscopic surgical pathways using the method described in embodiment two. The method includes the following steps: S11. Rotate knob 14 to set the path establishment and expansion device to the retracted state, and push limit device 15 to keep the path establishment and expansion device in the retracted state.

[0064] S22. Hold or clamp the outer shell 13 and insert the path establishment and opening device into the part where the channel needs to be established. During the insertion process, the path establishment and opening device can be rotated in the direction of the outer side 8 pointing from the wing 4 to the inner side 7.

[0065] S33. When the rotation is in place, release the limiting device 15, rotate the knob 14 to set the path establishment and opening device to the unfolded state, and push the limiting device 15 to keep the path establishment and opening device in the unfolded state.

[0066] S44. After the surgery is completed, rotate knob 14 to set the path establishment and opening device to the retracted state, push limit device 15 to keep the path establishment and opening device in the retracted state, and pull out the path establishment and opening device.

[0067] As can be seen from step S44, this application solves the problem in the prior art that during the postoperative channel removal stage, it is difficult to gradually release the pressure, and some designs can only be pulled out directly without shrinking.

[0068] The advantages of this invention are: This invention achieves synchronous operation of multiple blades through a ring gear.

[0069] A limiting device is installed, which can lock the flap when it is in the deployed or retracted state, thus ensuring the stability of the channel and reducing the risks during surgery.

[0070] The blades are stacked in a curved shape. During rotation, the blades are compressed by the base and the inner side of the ring gear, as well as by the inner side of another blade, and driven by the rotation of the side gear, causing the ends of the blades to contract inward, thus forming a conical head. The conical head of this invention may not be completely closed; the degree of closure can be adjusted as needed. When the ends contract inward, the junction of the long and upper sides of the outer edge of the blade is rounded, reducing the impact on tissue during device insertion.

[0071] When the wing is in the open position, the base, ring gear and wing form a channel for surgical instruments to pass through. At this time, the wing can avoid being squeezed and contracted by brain tissue under the interaction of the forces between them and its own rigidity characteristics.

[0072] The path establishment and dispersing device of the present invention has a complete process function of "establishment-dispersing-stabilization-removal", which improves surgical efficiency and tissue protection effect, and has good clinical practical value and promotion prospects.

[0073] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0074] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," "link," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a mechanical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0075] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for establishing and opening surgical pathways in neurosurgical endoscopy, characterized in that: The path establishment and opening device has an annular base (1), and an annular gear (2) coaxial with the base (1) is provided on one end of the base (1). The annular gear (2) can rotate on the base (1) about a common axis. Side gears (3) are rotatably and evenly arranged on the outer side of the base (1). The side gears (3) mesh with the ring gear (2). A wing (4) corresponding to the side gears (3) is arranged on the inner side of the base (1). The side gears (3) are fixedly connected to the lower end of the wing (4) through a central shaft. The wing (4) has an outwardly convex outer surface (5) and an inwardly concave inner surface (6). The lower end of the outer surface (5) is attached to the inner surface of the base (1). Multiple wing pieces (4) are stacked, and the number of wing pieces (4) is 6 or 9.

2. The device for establishing and opening surgical pathways in neurosurgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wing (4) is elongated. The stacking configuration is such that the long side of one side of the wing (4) is inside the wing of one side, which is the inner side (7); and the long side of the other side of the wing (4) is outside the wing of the other side, which is the outer side (8).

3. The device for establishing and opening surgical pathways in neurosurgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rounded corner (9) is provided at the intersection of the top and the upper edge of the outer side (8), and the radius of the rounded corner (9) is smaller than the width of the stack at the outer side (8).

4. The device for establishing and opening surgical pathways in neurosurgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the path-establishing and opening device is in the open state, the base (1), the ring gear (2) and the plurality of the winglets (4) form a cylindrical surgical channel (10).

5. The device for establishing and opening surgical pathways in neurosurgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the path-establishing and opening device is in a contracted state, the end of the wing (4) is not completely closed, and the base (1), the ring gear (2) and the multiple wing (4) form a contraction channel (11), and the end of the wing (4) forms a conical contraction head (12).

6. The device for establishing and opening surgical pathways in neurosurgery according to claim 5, characterized in that: A housing (13) is fixedly fitted on the outer surface of the base (1) and the ring gear (2). A knob (14) is provided on the housing (13). The shaft of the knob (14) is connected to the central shaft of one of the side gears (3), so that rotating the knob (14) will drive all the side gears (3) to rotate.

7. A device for establishing and opening surgical pathways in neurosurgery according to claim 6, characterized in that: A limiting device (15) for limiting the rotation of the ring gear (2) is also provided on the outer casing (13).

8. A device for establishing and opening surgical pathways in neurosurgery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting device (15) includes a strip opening (16) on the outer shell (13), a connecting rod (17) is provided in the strip opening (16), a limiting cover (18) is provided at one end of the connecting rod (17) outside the outer shell (13), and a limiting rod (19) is provided at the other end between the outer shell (13) and the base (1). The end of the limiting rod (19) is used to be inserted into the teeth of the ring gear (2). A rubber layer is wrapped around the outside of the connecting rod (17). The connecting rod (17) and the side of the strip opening (16) form a squeezed rubber layer, and the position of the connecting rod (17) is fixed under the action of friction.

9. A method for establishing a dispersing device suitable for neurosurgical endoscopic surgical pathways using any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Rotate any one of the side gears (3) to set the path establishment and expansion device to a retracted state; Hold or clamp the base (1), insert the path establishment and opening device into the part where the channel needs to be established, and rotate the path establishment and opening device during the insertion process. The rotation direction is from the outer side (8) along the wing (4) to the inner side (7). When rotated to the position, the rotating side gear (3) will set the path establishment and opening device to the unfolded state; After the surgery is completed, rotate the side gear (3) to set the path establishment and opening device to a retracted state, and pull out the path establishment and opening device.

10. A method for establishing a dispersing device suitable for neurosurgical endoscopic surgical pathways using the method described in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: Rotate the knob (14) to set the path establishment and expansion device to the retracted state, and push the limit device (15) to keep the path establishment and expansion device in the retracted state; Hold or clamp the outer shell (13) and insert the path establishment and opening device into the part where the channel needs to be established. During the insertion process, the path establishment and opening device can be rotated in the direction of the outer side (8) along the wing (4) pointing to the inner side (7). When the rotation is in place, release the limiting device (15), rotate the knob (14) to set the path establishment and opening device to the unfolded state, push the limiting device (15) so that the path establishment and opening device remains in the unfolded state; After the surgery is completed, rotate the knob (14) to set the path establishment and opening device to the retracted state, push the limiting device (15) to keep the path establishment and opening device in the retracted state, and pull out the path establishment and opening device.

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