Welding positioning device and welding method for electrical shell with cooling flow channel

Abstract

The invention provides a welding positioning device and a welding method for an electrical shell with a cooling runner, the welding positioning device comprises a force transmission plate, a position adjusting assembly and a plurality of cover plate edge pressing assemblies, the shape of the outer edge of the force transmission plate is similar to that of a welding gap, and the force transmission plate is located in the inner side area of the welding gap; the cover plate edge pressing assemblies are arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the welding gap and located on the bottom side end face of the force transmission plate, and each cover plate edge pressing assembly has a force application pressing state and a disengagement receding state. The cover plate edge pressing assemblies can be independently controlled to be switched between the force application pressing state and the disengagement receding state, and the position adjusting assembly can drive the force transmission plate to ascend and descend. Pressing force is evenly applied to the runner cover plate from the inner side of the edge of the runner cover plate, meanwhile, full-circumference continuous welding of a welding head of a welding machine can be ensured, welding deformation is effectively reduced, and the structure is simple and compact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of welding positioning fixture design, specifically relating to a welding positioning device and welding method for an electrical housing with cooling channels. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of new energy vehicles and energy storage systems, electrical housings, such as battery housings, are key structural components that support battery modules, and their sealing performance, structural strength, and dimensional stability are of paramount importance. Battery housings, especially electronic control housings, often have internal closed welds such as annular or rectangular seams. Due to their special location and limited space, these welds pose significant challenges to welding and manufacturing. More commonly, in various industrial equipment, the sealing welding of cover plates, internal flow channels, or partitions on the surface of square housing structures (e.g., heat sink housings for electronic devices, hydraulic valve blocks, controller housings, etc.) also faces similar challenges in welding closed welds.

[0003] Currently, the main welding processes for battery casings are friction stir welding and laser welding, equipped with corresponding tooling systems. In existing technologies, friction stir welding tooling often uses a combination of positioning blocks and clamping mechanisms to fix the workpiece. For example, the welding platform disclosed in patent CN221019111U uses downward clamping cylinders set around the perimeter to hook and clamp the frame. Patent CN221064803U uses an avoidance opening to achieve double-sided friction stir welding, or integrates an electric heating plate to balance the welding heat and control workpiece deformation.

[0004] However, these toolings mostly adopt static, peripheral clamping methods, which cannot achieve dynamic clamping that follows the movement of the welding head. Furthermore, the clamping force is uneven when clamping from the outside, causing micro-deformation and misalignment in local areas of the weld due to insufficient or missing clamping force during the welding process, which seriously affects the weld quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a welding positioning device and welding method for an electrical housing with cooling channels, which can overcome the shortcomings of the welding positioning device in the related technology, which adopts a static, peripheral clamping method, cannot dynamically adjust the clamping according to the movement path of the welding head, and the clamping force is uneven when clamping from the outside, resulting in micro-deformation and misalignment in the local area of ​​the weld due to insufficient or missing clamping force during the welding process, which seriously affects the quality of the weld.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a welding positioning device for an electrical housing with a cooling channel, used to position the housing body and the channel cover plate during welding. The housing body has a cooling cavity, the cooling channel is located within the cooling cavity, and the cooling cavity has an opening on a first end face of the housing body. The channel cover plate is fitted into the opening to form a welding gap between the inner side of the opening and the outer edge of the channel cover plate. The welding positioning device includes a force transmission plate, a position adjustment assembly, and multiple cover plate edge pressing assemblies. The outer edge shape of the force transmission plate is similar to the shape of the welding gap and is located in the inner region of the welding gap. Each cover plate edge pressing assembly is spaced apart along the extension direction of the welding gap and is located on the bottom end face of the force transmission plate. Each cover plate edge pressing assembly has a force-applying pressing state and a disengaged yielding state. Each cover plate edge pressing assembly can be independently controlled to switch between the force-applying pressing state and the disengaged yielding state. The position adjustment assembly can drive the force transmission plate to rise and fall.

[0007] In some embodiments, the position adjustment component can also drive the force transmission plate to rotate from the area where the flow channel cover is located to outside the area where it is located.

[0008] In some embodiments, each of the cover plate edge pressing components includes a telescopic cylinder and a pressing block connected to the free end of the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder. With reference to the orientation of the welding positioning device in use, the pressing surface of the pressing block is parallel to the surface of the flow channel cover plate, and the centerline of the telescopic rod forms an acute angle with the side of the pressing surface near the center of the flow channel cover plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, silicon carbide ceramic blocks are embedded in each of the pressing surfaces.

[0010] In some embodiments, a plurality of first flexible pressing components are further provided on the bottom end face of the force transmission plate, and each of the first flexible pressing components is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with each of the cover plate edge pressing components and is located on the central side of each cover plate edge pressing component near the flow channel cover plate.

[0011] In some embodiments, the position adjustment assembly includes a lifting assembly, a crossbeam, and a rotation drive assembly. The free end of the lifting rod of the lifting assembly is perpendicularly connected to the top surface of the force transmission plate. The lifting assembly is fixed to a first end of the crossbeam. The rotation drive assembly is driven to a second end of the crossbeam to drive the crossbeam to rotate. The first end of the crossbeam is located within the area of ​​the flow channel cover, and the second end of the crossbeam is located outside the area of ​​the flow channel cover.

[0012] In some embodiments, a second flexible pressing component is further provided on the bottom end face of the force transmission plate, and the position of the second flexible pressing component corresponds to the position of the lifting rod.

[0013] In some embodiments, the welding positioning device further includes a base platform, the top surface of which is provided with a housing positioning component, which is used to limit the housing body along the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0014] The present invention also provides a welding method for an electrical housing with cooling channels, which is performed using the above-mentioned welding positioning device for an electrical housing with cooling channels, and includes the following steps: The main body of the shell is positioned on the top surface of the base platform using a shell positioning assembly; The flow channel cover is fitted into the opening of the cooling cavity on the first end face of the housing body; The control position adjustment component moves the force transmission plate from outside the area where the flow channel cover is located to inside the area where the flow channel cover is located, and controls the force transmission plate to descend so that each cover edge pressing component is simultaneously in a force pressing state to achieve pressing of the edge area of ​​the flow channel cover. The welding machine is controlled to start and weld along a preset welding path. When the welding head of the welding machine approaches a cover plate edge holding component, the cover plate edge holding component is controlled to switch from a force-applying holding state to a disengaging and yielding state. After the welding head finishes welding the weld seam in the area corresponding to the cover plate edge holding component, the cover plate edge holding component is controlled to switch from the disengaging and yielding state to the force-applying holding state. When the welding head moves along the welding path to the welding gap corresponding to the position of the second flexible holding component, the position adjustment component is controlled to rotate the force transmission plate to outside the area where the flow channel cover is located after it is raised, and the welding head is controlled to complete the full circumference welding of the welding gap.

[0015] In some embodiments, during the welding process, a cooling medium is introduced into the cooling cavity of the housing body; and / or, the starting point of the welding path is adjacent to the location of the second flexible holding assembly.

[0016] The welding positioning device and welding method for an electrical housing with cooling channels provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: The force transmission plate is positioned within the area of ​​the flow channel cover plate, and the edge pressing components of each cover plate on the force transmission plate are also located in the inner area of ​​the outer edge of the flow channel cover plate. This allows for reliable pressing of the edge of the flow channel cover plate from the inner side, making the pressing force of each edge pressing component more uniform. This ensures that the force on the edge of the cover plate is more uniform, which is beneficial to improving welding quality. At the same time, each edge pressing component in this invention can be independently controlled to switch between the force-applying pressing state and the release and yielding state. This allows the welding positioning device in this invention to not only uniformly apply pressing force from the inner edge of the flow channel cover plate, but also ensure continuous welding of the welding head around the entire circumference, effectively reducing welding deformation and having a simple and compact structure. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the welding positioning device for an electrical housing with cooling channels in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the electrical housing from one perspective. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the welding positioning device for the electrical housing with cooling channels from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the welding positioning device for an electrical housing with cooling channels according to the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the main body of the electrical enclosure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the deformation of the electrical housing in the flow channel cover area after welding using a welding positioning device (external positioning and no cooling chamber) in the existing technology; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the deformation of the electrical housing in the flow channel cover plate area after welding using the welding positioning device of the present invention (positioned on the inner side of the cover plate edge and cooled by a cooling chamber).

[0019] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Force transmission plate; 2. Position adjustment assembly; 21. Lifting assembly; 211. Lifting rod; 22. Crossbeam; 23. Rotation drive assembly; 3. Cover edge pressing assembly; 31. Telescopic cylinder; 32. Pressing block; 4. First flexible pressing assembly; 41. Spring; 42. Pressing column; 5. Second flexible pressing assembly; 6. Base platform; 61. Lateral clamping and limiting assembly; 62. Longitudinal clamping and limiting assembly; 63. Vertical clamping and limiting assembly; 100. Housing body; 101. Cooling chamber; 200. Flow channel cover plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0022] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90° or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0023] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0024] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a welding positioning device for an electrical housing with a cooling channel is provided for positioning the housing body 100 and the channel cover plate 200 during welding. The housing body 100 has a cooling cavity 101, the cooling channel is located within the cooling cavity 101, and the cooling cavity 101 has an opening on a first end face of the housing body 100 (see [link]). Figure 4 As shown, the flow channel cover 200 is fitted into the opening to form a welding gap between the inner side of the opening and the outer edge of the flow channel cover 200. The flow channel cover 200 can then be welded to the opening of the cooling cavity 101 of the housing body 100 via this welding gap. In one specific embodiment, friction stir welding is used to weld the housing body 100 to the flow channel cover 200. The welding positioning device includes a force transmission plate 1, a position adjustment component 2, and multiple cover edge holding components 3. The outer edge shape of the force transmission plate 1 is similar to the shape of the welding gap and is located in the inner region of the welding gap. In one specific embodiment, the outer edge shape of the force transmission plate 1 is the same as the shape of the welding gap to ensure that the position of each cover edge holding component 3 is closer to the corresponding welding gap position. 3. The cover plate edge pressing components 3 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the weld gap and located (e.g., detachably connected) on the bottom end face of the force transmission plate 1. Each cover plate edge pressing component 3 has a pressing state and a disengaged state. Each cover plate edge pressing component 3 can be independently controlled to switch between the pressing state and the disengaged state. The position adjustment component 2 can drive the force transmission plate 1 to rise and fall. It is understood that when the cover plate edge pressing component 3 is in the pressing state, it can reliably press the cover plate edge at its set position, effectively ensuring the accuracy of the relative position of the flow channel cover plate 200 and the housing body 100 and the resistance to deformation during the welding process. When the cover plate edge pressing component 3 is in the disengaged state, it can avoid physical interference with the welding machine, that is, the welding head of the welding machine is allowed to weld the weld gap at the edge of the cover plate it is pressing.

[0025] In this technical solution, the force transmission plate 1 is set within the area of ​​the flow channel cover plate 200, and the edge pressing components 3 of each cover plate set on the force transmission plate 1 are also located in the inner area of ​​the outer edge of the flow channel cover plate 200. This allows for reliable pressing of the edge of the flow channel cover plate 200 from the inner side, making the pressing force of each edge pressing component 3 more uniform, thereby ensuring that the force on the edge of the cover plate is more uniform, which is beneficial to improving the welding quality. At the same time, each edge pressing component 3 of the present invention can be independently controlled to switch between the pressing state and the release state, so that the welding positioning device of the present invention can not only uniformly apply pressing force to the inner edge of the flow channel cover plate 200, but also ensure continuous welding of the welding head around the entire circumference, effectively reducing welding deformation and having a simple and compact structure.

[0026] In some embodiments, the position adjustment component 2 can also drive the force transmission plate 1 to rotate from the area where the flow channel cover plate 200 is located to outside the area where it is located. Specifically, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 As shown, the position adjustment assembly 2 includes a lifting assembly 21, a crossbeam 22, and a rotation drive assembly 23. The lifting assembly 21 has a free end of a lifting rod 211 (i.e., Figure 2 The bottom end of the beam 22 (as shown in the diagram) is perpendicularly connected to the top surface of the force transmission plate 1. The lifting assembly 21 is fixed to the first end (which may be called the inner end) of the crossbeam 22. The rotary drive assembly 23 is driven to the second end (which may be called the outer end) of the crossbeam 22 to drive the crossbeam 22 to rotate and move. The first end of the crossbeam 22 is located in the area where the flow channel cover plate 200 is located, and the second end of the crossbeam 22 is located outside the area where the flow channel cover plate 200 is located. The aforementioned lifting assembly 21 may be a telescopic cylinder, and the aforementioned rotary drive assembly 23 may be a rotary motor.

[0027] In this technical solution, the position adjustment component 2 has the function of controlling the lifting, lowering and rotating translation of the force transmission plate 1. It can be lowered before welding the flow channel cover plate 200, so that the edge pressing components 3 of each cover plate are pressed synchronously on the edge area of ​​the flow channel cover plate 200. After a certain proportion of the welding gap is welded (generally the length of continuous welding is not less than 2 / 3 of the total circumference of the welding gap), the force transmission plate 1 is controlled to move as a whole to the outer area of ​​the flow channel cover plate 200 to avoid physical interference between the welding machine and it, thereby ensuring the full circumference welding of the welding gap.

[0028] As shown in Figure 2, in a specific embodiment, the aforementioned lifting rod 211 is offset towards the edge of the flow channel cover plate 200 near the housing body 100 to ensure that the welding machine has a large travel space during the welding process.

[0029] In some embodiments, each of the cover plate edge pressing components 3 includes a telescopic cylinder 31 and a pressing block 32 at the free end of a telescopic rod (not shown in the figure, but may be a commercially available electric cylinder) connected to the telescopic cylinder 31. With the orientation of the welding positioning device in use as a reference, the pressing surface (i.e., the bottom surface) of the pressing block 32 is parallel to the surface of the flow channel cover plate 200. The centerline of the telescopic rod forms an acute angle with the side of the pressing surface near the center of the flow channel cover plate 200. That is, the centerline of the telescopic rod is not vertical but is inclined outward at the bottom. This allows for displacement towards the inside of the flow channel cover plate 200 when the telescopic cylinder 31 retracts to make room, i.e., when each cover plate edge pressing component 3 switches from a pressed state to a released state. This allows for release of the pressing on the flow channel cover plate 200 while moving away from the welding gap, thereby preventing interference between the pressing block 32 and the welding head.

[0030] In some embodiments, silicon carbide ceramic blocks are embedded on each of the pressing surfaces. The silicon carbide ceramic blocks have high temperature resistance and can significantly improve the service life of each pressing block 32.

[0031] In some embodiments, a plurality of first flexible pressing components 4 are also provided on the bottom side end face of the force transmission plate 1, and each of the first flexible pressing components 4 is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with each of the cover plate edge pressing components 3 and is located on the central side of each of the cover plate edge pressing components 3 near the flow channel cover plate 200.

[0032] In this technical solution, by further providing a first flexible pressing component 4 on the side of each cover edge pressing component 3 near the center of the flow channel cover 200, the first flexible pressing component 4 can reliably position the flow channel cover 200. In particular, when the cover edge pressing component 3 is in the disengaged state, it effectively compensates for the clamping force on the edge of the flow channel cover 200 at the corresponding position, further reducing the welding deformation at that position.

[0033] In some embodiments, a second flexible pressing component 5 is also provided on the bottom end face of the force transmission plate 1, and the position of the second flexible pressing component 5 corresponds to the position of the lifting rod 211.

[0034] In this technical solution, the second flexible pressing component 5 can reliably press the flow channel cover plate 200 at the weld gap position blocked by the lifting rod 211 and the aforementioned crossbeam 22, thereby achieving the purpose of reliably pressing the flow channel cover plate 200 in the entire circumference.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the aforementioned first flexible pressing component 4 and second flexible pressing component 5 can adopt the same structural design. Taking the first flexible pressing component 4 as an example, it includes a pressing column 42 and a spring 41. The first end of the pressing column 42 is formed as a pressing ring platform, and the second end passes through the through hole on the force transmission plate 1 from the bottom end face of the force transmission plate 1 to the top end face, and a nut is screwed on it to prevent it from falling off. The spring is clamped between the top shoulder surface of the aforementioned pressing ring platform and the bottom end face.

[0036] In some embodiments, the welding positioning device further includes a base platform 6, the top surface of which is provided with a housing positioning assembly (not shown in the figure). The housing positioning assembly is used to limit the housing body 100 along the horizontal and vertical directions. See details. Figure 1 As shown, the aforementioned housing positioning assembly specifically includes two lateral clamping and limiting components 61, two longitudinal clamping and limiting components 62, and multiple vertical clamping and limiting components 63. One of the two lateral clamping and limiting components 61 and the two longitudinal clamping and limiting components 62 is fixed in position, while the other can be adjusted closer to or further away from the fixed one. Thus, the aforementioned lateral clamping and limiting components 61 and longitudinal clamping and limiting components 62 reliably limit the housing body 100 in the horizontal plane. The multiple vertical clamping and limiting components 63 have corresponding downward pressing arms, which abut against the edge of the top end face of the housing body 100, thereby locking the housing body 100 and the base platform 6 together. Each of the aforementioned vertical clamping and limiting components 63 can be a hydraulic clamp.

[0037] It should be noted that, in one specific embodiment, the aforementioned housing body 100 and flow channel cover 200 are formed using dissimilar aluminum alloys, wherein the housing body 100 is die-cast, and the flow channel cover 200 is rolled. The space within the housing body 100 corresponding to the cooling cavity 101 can accommodate components with high heat dissipation requirements, such as batteries and electronic control components. In one specific embodiment, the aforementioned weld seam is an annular closed weld seam, specifically including an arc segment and a straight segment, with a weld depth of 4 mm.

[0038] In some embodiments, each of the cover plate edge pressing components 3 is equipped with a high-precision force sensor with a range of 0-2000N, which forms a closed-loop control with the PLC of the control system.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a welding method for an electrical housing having cooling channels is also provided, which is performed using the welding positioning device for an electrical housing having cooling channels described above, and includes the following steps: The housing body 100 is positioned on the top surface of the base platform 6 using a housing positioning assembly; The flow channel cover plate 200 is fitted into the opening of the cooling cavity 101 on the first end face of the housing body 100; The control position adjustment component 2 moves the force transmission plate 1 from outside the area where the flow channel cover plate 200 is located to inside the area where the flow channel cover plate 200 is located, and controls the force transmission plate 1 to descend so that each cover plate edge pressing component 3 is simultaneously in a force-applying pressing state to press the edge area of ​​the flow channel cover plate 200. In a specific embodiment, the pressing force of each cover plate edge pressing component 3 is 800N. The welding machine is started and welded along a preset welding path. Specifically, friction stir welding is used to weld the aforementioned flow channel cover 200 to the housing body 100. Specifically, the rotation speed of the stirring pin (i.e., the aforementioned welding head) is preferably 900 rpm within the range of 800-1500 rpm, and the welding speed is 50-300 mm / min with variable speed control. For example, the welding speed is 250 mm / min in the straight section of the weld seam and 180 mm / min in the arc section to adapt to trajectory changes and ensure balanced heat input. The downward pressure of the stirring pin shoulder should be precisely controlled between 0.1-0.3 mm / min. The aforementioned parameters, between 0.2-0.3 mm, not only ensure sufficient mixing and metallurgical bonding (friction stir welding) at the interface of dissimilar materials, but also prevent the expansion of high-pressure pores in the die-cast aluminum alloy matrix under overheating, thereby fundamentally preventing the occurrence of "bulging" defects. When the welding head of the welding machine approaches a certain cover plate edge holding component 3, the cover plate edge holding component 3 is controlled to switch from a force-applying holding state to a disengaged and yielding state, and the weld seam in the area corresponding to the cover plate edge holding component 3 is completed by the welding head. The control system then switches the cover edge holding assembly 3 from the disengagement state to the force-applying holding state. Specifically, 100ms before the welding head reaches the pressing point of the cover edge holding assembly 3, the control system instructs the servo electric cylinder at that position to move, release the pressing head (i.e., the aforementioned pressing block 32), and avoid the welding stirring head (i.e., the aforementioned stirring needle). When the welding head moves out of this pressing area by about 10mm, the pressing head presses again. Each cover edge holding assembly 3 repeats the above "press-hold-release" cycle in sequence according to its positional relationship with the stirring head. When the welding head moves along the welding path to the welding gap corresponding to the position of the second flexible holding component 5, the position adjustment component 2 is controlled to rotate the force transmission plate 1 after it is raised to outside the area where the flow channel cover plate 200 is located, and the welding head is controlled to complete the full circumference welding of the welding gap. It should be noted that in terms of the planning and design of the welding path, the starting and ending welding positions should be optimized so that the overlapping area of ​​the joint avoids the critical stress parts.

[0040] In some embodiments, during the welding process, a cooling medium is introduced into the cooling chamber 101 of the housing body 100. It is understood that the cooling structure of the welding machine (a conventional structure, not described in detail) also simultaneously cools the welding position. This allows for efficient cooling of the welding area from both the inside and outside by utilizing the cooling chamber 101 (i.e., the cooling channel) of the housing body 100 and the cooling structure located at the welding head position, stabilizing the joint structure while effectively suppressing welding deformation. The aforementioned cooling medium can be a coolant or a cooling gas, selected appropriately according to the actual working conditions.

[0041] For a detailed comparison, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, due to the use of the welding positioning device in the application, which forms a follow-up clamping effect on the edge of the inner flow channel cover 200 and the weld seam, and provides efficient cooling to the welding area from both the top and bottom, the deformation of the welded position between the flow channel cover 200 and the housing body 100 after welding is effectively suppressed. In a specific embodiment, the overall flatness error of the electrical housing after welding using the device and method of the present invention is controlled within 1.5mm, meeting the assembly requirements.

[0042] The starting point of the welding path is adjacent to the location of the second flexible holding component 5 to ensure that the synergistic effect of the welding path and the pressing state during the welding process is sufficiently long.

[0043] In one specific embodiment, the shoulder diameter of the aforementioned stirring pin is 8mm, smaller than the typical 12-15mm, to accommodate the width of the aforementioned weld gap and reduce interference with the surrounding structure of the workpiece. The length of the stirring pin is 4.2mm, slightly larger than the depth of the aforementioned weld gap, to meet the deep penetration requirement required for a 100mm thick shell body. The stirring tool body is made of H13 steel or high-strength, wear-resistant tungsten-based alloy. An optimized double-curvature fillet transition is used at the connection between the stirring pin and the shoulder for reinforcement, effectively preventing stress concentration and fracture. To address the potential issue of insufficient material flow due to a small shoulder, textured surfaces are designed on the shoulder and stirring pin to enhance the filling and stirring effect of the plasticizing material. Furthermore, the stirring pin adopts a three-plane design, which further increases material flow, strengthens the weld depth, and eliminates common welding defects. The top of the stirring pin features an arc design to increase the stability of the downward pressing and prevent pin breakage.

[0044] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that, without conflict, the advantageous technical features of the above-mentioned methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding positioning device for an electrical housing with cooling channels, characterized in that, For positioning the housing body (100) and the flow channel cover (200) during welding, the housing body (100) has a cooling cavity (101), the cooling flow channel is located in the cooling cavity (101), the cooling cavity (101) has an opening on a first end face of the housing body (100), the flow channel cover (200) is fitted into the opening to form a welding gap between the inner side of the opening and the outer edge of the flow channel cover (200), the welding positioning device includes a force transmission plate (1), a position adjustment assembly (2) and a plurality of cover edge clamps. The outer edge shape of the force transmission plate (1) is similar to the shape of the weld gap and is located in the inner area of ​​the weld gap. Each of the cover plate edge pressing components (3) is spaced apart along the extension direction of the weld gap and is located on the bottom end face of the force transmission plate (1). Each of the cover plate edge pressing components (3) has a force pressing state and a release state. Each of the cover plate edge pressing components (3) can be independently controlled to switch between the force pressing state and the release state. The position adjustment component (2) can drive the force transmission plate (1) to rise and fall.

2. The welding positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The position adjustment component (2) can also drive the force transmission plate (1) to rotate from the area where the flow channel cover plate (200) is located to outside the area where it is located.

3. The welding positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the cover plate edge pressing components (3) includes a telescopic cylinder (31) and a pressing block (32) connected to the free end of the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder (31). With reference to the orientation of the welding positioning device in the use state, the pressing surface of the pressing block (32) is parallel to the plate surface of the flow channel cover plate (200), and the center line of the telescopic rod forms an acute angle with the side of the pressing surface near the center of the flow channel cover plate (200).

4. The welding positioning device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the pressing surfaces is inlaid with a silicon carbide ceramic block.

5. The welding positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom side surface of the force transmission plate (1) is also provided with a plurality of first flexible pressing components (4), and each of the first flexible pressing components (4) is provided in correspondence with each of the cover plate edge pressing components (3) and is located on the central side of each of the cover plate edge pressing components (3) near the flow channel cover plate (200).

6. The welding positioning device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The position adjustment assembly (2) includes a lifting assembly (21), a crossbeam (22), and a rotation drive assembly (23). The free end of the lifting rod (211) of the lifting assembly (21) is vertically connected to the top surface of the force transmission plate (1). The lifting assembly (21) is fixed to the first end of the crossbeam (22). The rotation drive assembly (23) is driven to the second end of the crossbeam (22) to drive the crossbeam (22) to rotate and move. The first end of the crossbeam (22) is located in the area where the flow channel cover plate (200) is located, and the second end of the crossbeam (22) is located outside the area where the flow channel cover plate (200) is located.

7. The welding positioning device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A second flexible pressing component (5) is also provided on the bottom end face of the force transmission plate (1), and the position of the second flexible pressing component (5) corresponds to the position of the lifting rod (211).

8. The welding positioning device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a base platform (6), on the top surface of which is provided a housing positioning component, which is used to limit the housing body (100) along the horizontal plane and the vertical direction.

9. A welding method for an electrical housing having cooling channels, characterized in that, The welding positioning device for an electrical housing with cooling channels, as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, is used to perform the welding, comprising the following steps: The housing body (100) is positioned on the top surface of the base platform (6) using a housing positioning assembly; The flow channel cover plate (200) is fitted into the opening of the cooling cavity (101) on the first end face of the housing body (100); The control position adjustment component (2) moves the force transmission plate (1) from outside the area where the flow channel cover plate (200) is located to inside the area where the flow channel cover plate (200) is located, and controls the force transmission plate (1) to descend so that each cover plate edge pressing component (3) is simultaneously in a force pressing state to press the edge area of ​​the flow channel cover plate (200); The welding machine is started and welded along a preset welding path. When the welding head of the welding machine approaches a cover plate edge holding component (3), the cover plate edge holding component (3) is switched from the force-pressing state to the release-yielding state. After the welding head finishes welding the weld seam in the area corresponding to the cover plate edge holding component (3), the cover plate edge holding component (3) is switched from the release-yielding state to the force-pressing state. When the welding head moves along the welding path to the welding gap corresponding to the position of the second flexible holding component (5), the position adjustment component (2) is controlled to rotate the force transmission plate (1) after it is raised to outside the area where the flow channel cover plate (200) is located and control the welding head to complete the full circumference welding of the welding gap.

10. The welding method according to claim 9, characterized in that, During the welding process, a cooling medium is introduced into the cooling chamber (101) of the housing body (100); and / or, the starting point of the welding path is adjacent to the location of the second flexible holding component (5).

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