Planetary gear shaft hole punching device for differential shell machining, composite lathe and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of differential machining equipment, and particularly discloses a planetary gear shaft hole punching device for machining a differential shell, a composite lathe and a method. Comprising two main machines, a first sliding rail and a second sliding rail, the two main machines are installed on the first sliding rail, the opposite sides of the two main machines are each provided with an output shaft, a drill bit, a boring cutter and a grinding tool are installed on the output shafts, and the first sliding rail is installed on the second sliding rail. The planetary gear shaft hole punching device is matched with a compound machine tool to work, and the machining precision and efficiency of a planetary gear shaft hole can be remarkably improved; according to the planetary gear shaft hole punching device, the differential mechanism shell can be automatically overturned, so that the machining operation of the differential mechanism shell can be completed based on a unified reference system, error accumulation caused by reference conversion is reduced, and the overall machining precision of the differential mechanism shell is remarkably improved. The planetary gear shaft hole punching device is complete in function, high in integration degree, compact in structure, low in equipment investment cost and easy to implement.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of differential machining equipment, and particularly relates to a planetary gear shaft hole opening device for differential housing machining, a composite lathe and a method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The differential housing is a key basic part in the automobile transmission system, and the planetary gear shaft hole in the differential housing is used for mounting the planetary gear shaft and bearing and transmitting torque. The machining quality of the planetary gear shaft hole, especially the position degree of the hole, the coaxiality of the two holes, the hole diameter accuracy and the perpendicularity of the hole end face to the axis, is directly related to the meshing stability of the planetary gear, the transmission efficiency and the service life and reliability of the entire differential assembly. If there is deviation in the machining of the shaft hole, the gear pair contact stress is uneven, transmission abnormal sound is caused, vibration is intensified, and even serious failure modes such as early pitting or tooth breakage of the gear are caused.

[0003] At present, the typical machining process of the planetary gear shaft hole of the differential housing usually involves multiple independent procedures: firstly, drilling is respectively performed at the corresponding positions on both sides of the housing to form a rough hole; then boring (which may include rough boring and fine boring) is performed to correct the hole shape and improve the size and geometric accuracy; if necessary, the hole end face is also trimmed or ground to ensure the end face fitting quality in subsequent assembly. These procedures often need to be completed on different special purpose machine tools, or although they can be realized by tool changing on the same machining center, but the problem of multiple repeated positioning and clamping cannot be avoided. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical purpose of the present application is to provide a planetary gear shaft hole opening device for differential housing machining, a composite lathe and a method to solve the above technical problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a planetary gear shaft hole opening device for differential housing, comprising a main machine and a slide rail, the slide rail comprising a first slide rail and a second slide rail perpendicular to each other in the extension direction; the main machine is provided with two, which are installed on the first slide rail with an interval, and the first slide rail is provided with a first feed transmission mechanism for adjusting the position of the two main machines; one output shaft is arranged on the opposite side of each of the two main machines, and a driving system for driving the output shaft and capable of adjusting the rotating speed and angle is arranged in the main machine; the center lines of the two output shafts coincide and are consistent with the extension direction of the first slide rail, and a drill bit is installed on the opposite end of each of the two output shafts; a boring cutter and a grinding tool are fixedly installed on the output shaft, the grinding tool is located on the side of the boring cutter close to the main machine, the end face of the grinding tool close to the boring cutter is a plane grinding face, and the plane grinding face is perpendicular to the center line of the output shaft; the first slide rail is installed on the second slide rail, and the second slide rail is provided with a second feed transmission mechanism for adjusting the position of the first slide rail.

[0007] In further embodiments, the planar grinding surface is circular, with the center of the circle located on the center line of the output shaft.

[0008] In further embodiments, the grinding tool is a circular sleeve, which is sleeved on the output shaft and fixedly connected therewith.

[0009] In further embodiments, the first feeding transmission mechanism comprises a motor device and a screw rod, which are drivingly connected, the screw rod is fixedly connected to the first slide rail and extends in the same direction, the screw rod is provided with two threaded zones, the rotation directions of the threads in the two threaded zones are opposite, each of the two main machines is fixedly connected with a threaded sleeve, and the two threaded sleeves are threadedly connected with the two threaded zones; during rotation of the screw rod, the two main machines move synchronously and reversely.

[0010] In further embodiments, two boring tools are mounted on each output shaft, and the two boring tools are distributed along the axial direction of the output shaft.

[0011] In further embodiments, the main machine is provided with a power shaft, which is drivingly connected with the driving system and can rotate, one end of the power shaft is located outside the main machine and is provided with a first insertion hole in the end surface, the power shaft is provided with a first locking member, one end of the output shaft away from the drill bit is provided with a first insertion pin, the first insertion pin is inserted into the first insertion hole and locked by the first locking member, the grinding tool is a circular sheet, which is provided with a pin hole, the first insertion pin passes through the pin hole, and the end surfaces of the output shaft and the power shaft opposite to each other clamp the grinding tool.

[0012] Further, the end surface of the power shaft, in which the first insertion hole is formed, is provided with a recess for accommodating the grinding tool, one end of the output shaft, on which the drill bit is mounted, is provided with a second insertion hole, the output shaft is provided with a second locking member, the drill bit is provided with a second insertion pin, and the second insertion pin is inserted into the second insertion hole and locked by the second locking member.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present application provides a compound lathe for machining a differential housing, which comprises a machine body, a main shaft, and a planetary gear shaft hole opening device, the second slide rail is horizontally mounted on the machine body of the compound lathe, the two main machines are respectively located on the two sides of the main shaft of the compound lathe, the center lines of the output shafts of the main machines and the main shaft of the compound lathe are located on the same plane and are perpendicular to each other.

[0014] In further embodiments, in the initial state, the two main machines are respectively located at the two ends of the first slide rail, and the first slide rail is located at one end of the second slide rail close to the root of the main shaft of the compound lathe; preferably, the two main machines are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the main shaft of the compound lathe, and the two main machines always maintain symmetry during movement driven by the first feeding transmission mechanism.

[0015] In a third aspect, the present application provides a method for differential housing machining, which adopts the composite machine tool as a machining device, and comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1, clamping the journal at one end of the differential housing by the clamp of the composite machine tool, to ensure that the center lines of the differential housing and the main shaft of the composite machine tool coincide;

[0017] S2, processing the differential housing by the composite machine tool, and processing the relevant circular surface and end surface outside the unclamped journal;

[0018] S3, stopping the rotation of the main shaft at a predetermined angle and locking it, and locking the differential housing in the opening state; the two main machines run at the opening position, a drill is used to open the planetary gear shaft hole in the side wall of the differential housing, a boring tool is used to bore the planetary gear shaft hole, and a flat grinding surface of a grinding tool is used to grind the outer end surface of the planetary gear shaft hole;

[0019] S4, the two main machines are close to each other and clamp the differential housing by the two grinding tools, the clamp of the composite machine tool is switched to the open state and is separated from the differential housing, the two output shafts are rotated by 180 degrees at the same time, the positions of the two journals of the differential housing are exchanged, the clamp of the composite machine tool is clamped and fixed to the unprocessed journal, and the subsequent processing is completed.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the planetary gear shaft hole opening device for differential housing machining provided by the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0021] 1. The planetary gear shaft hole opening device in the present application can perform drilling, boring and grinding on the planetary gear shaft hole, and can automatically complete the overturning of the differential housing, has relatively perfect functions, high integration, compact structure and ingenious and reasonable design; in cooperation with the composite machine tool, it is not necessary to separately configure main shafts, clamps and other components, the equipment investment cost is low, and the device is easy to implement.

[0022] 2. The planetary gear shaft hole opening device is installed on the composite machine tool to process the differential housing, it is not necessary to change the clamping state of the differential housing for the processing of the planetary gear shaft hole, the generation of clamping positioning errors is avoided; the drilling, boring and grinding are completed by the output shaft, the positioning errors generated during the switching of the tools are avoided; when processing the two planetary gear shaft holes, the two main machines are fed along the first slide rail, the coaxiality of the two planetary gear shaft holes is improved; based on the above factors, the machining precision of the planetary gear shaft hole is significantly improved.

[0023] 3, The planetary gear shaft hole opening device turns over the differential case, the reference system of the two clamping states before and after turning over is substantially consistent, the compound machine tool can complete the whole machining of the differential case based on the unified reference system after adjusting the coordinates by the control system, thereby reducing the error accumulation caused by the reference conversion, and significantly improving the overall machining precision of the differential case. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is one of the structure schematic diagrams of the planetary gear shaft hole opening device in the embodiment.

[0025] Figure 2 It is the second structure schematic diagram of the planetary gear shaft hole opening device in the embodiment.

[0026] Figure 3 It is the structure schematic diagram of the main machine and the output shaft in the embodiment.

[0027] Figure 4 It is the exploded state schematic diagram of the output shaft, drill bit, grinding tool and power shaft in the embodiment.

[0028] Figure 5 It is the structure schematic diagram of the first feeding transmission mechanism in the embodiment.

[0029] Figure 6 It is the clamping state schematic diagram of the differential case during the pre-processing in the embodiment.

[0030] Figure 7 It is the clamping state top view of the differential case during the pre-processing in the embodiment.

[0031] Figure 8 It is the working state schematic diagram of the planetary gear shaft hole opening device when machining the planetary gear shaft hole in the embodiment.

[0032] Figure 9 It is the working state schematic diagram of the planetary gear shaft hole opening device when turning over the differential case in the embodiment.

[0033] Figure 10 It is the clamping state schematic diagram of the differential case during the post-processing in the embodiment.

[0034] Figure 11 It is the clamping state top view of the differential case during the post-processing in the embodiment.

[0035] REFERENCE SIGNS:

[0036] 1-first slide rail; 2-motor device; 3-main machine; 4-boring cutter; 5-drill bit; 6-output shaft; 7-second slide rail; 8-power shaft; 9-second locking piece; 10-grinding tool; 11-first locking piece; 12-recess; 13-pin hole; 14-second pin; 15-second insertion hole; 16-first pin; 17-first insertion hole; 18-sleeve; 19-screw rod; 20-main shaft; 21-clamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all.

[0038] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown in the drawings, the embodiment provides a planetary gear shaft hole opening device of a differential housing, which comprises two main machines 3, a first slide rail 1 and a second slide rail 7; the first slide rail 1 and the second slide rail 7 are linear slide rails and the extending directions of the two are perpendicular; the two main machines 3 are installed on the first slide rail 1 at intervals, the first slide rail 1 is provided with a first feeding transmission mechanism, and the two main machines 3 are driven by the first feeding transmission mechanism to be able to move along the first slide rail 1 respectively to adjust the positions; one output shaft 6 is arranged on the opposite side of each of the two main machines 3, and the inside of the main machine 3 is provided with a driving system capable of driving the output shaft 6 to rotate and capable of adjusting the speed and angle of rotation of the output shaft 6; the center lines of the two output shafts 6 coincide and are consistent with the extending direction of the first slide rail 1, and the opposite ends of the two output shafts 6 are respectively provided with drill bits 5, the tips of the two drill bits 5 are opposite and the center lines coincide, and the drill bits 5 are used for opening planetary gear shaft holes on the side wall of the differential housing; the boring cutter 4 and the grinding tool 10 are fixedly installed on the output shaft 6, the boring cutter 4 is used for boring treatment of the planetary gear shaft hole to improve the form and position accuracy and surface quality of the planetary gear shaft hole; the grinding tool 10 is fixedly connected with the output shaft 6 and located on the side of the boring cutter 4 close to the main machine 3, the end face of the end of the grinding tool 10 close to the boring cutter 4 is a plane grinding face, and the plane grinding face is perpendicular to the center line of the output shaft 6; the grinding tool 10 is used for grinding treatment of the hole end on the outside of the planetary gear shaft hole to improve the surface quality of the hole end and make the hole end around be plane-shaped, thereby laying a foundation for accurate positioning and stable clamping in the subsequent overturning process; the first slide rail 1 is installed on the second slide rail 7, the second slide rail 7 is provided with a second feeding transmission mechanism, and the first slide rail 1 is driven by the second feeding transmission mechanism to be able to move along the first slide rail 1 to adjust the position.

[0039] As Figures 6 to 9As shown, the embodiment provides a composite lathe for machining differential housings, including a machine body and a spindle 20, as well as the planetary gear shaft hole opening device; the second slide rail 7 is installed and fixed on the machine body of the composite machine tool in the horizontal direction, so that the two main machines 3 are respectively located on both sides of the spindle 20 of the composite machine tool, and at the same time, it is ensured that the center lines of the output shaft 6 of the main machine 3 and the spindle 20 of the composite machine tool are in the same plane and perpendicular to each other.

[0040] In specific installation operations, the first slide rail 1 and the second slide rail 7 can be top-mounted slide rails, that is, the second slide rail 7, the first slide rail 1, and the two main units 3 are distributed from bottom to top. In this case, since the first slide rail 1 and the second slide rail 7 are located on the lower side of the spindle 20 of the composite machine tool, dust prevention performance should be given special consideration. This can be achieved by installing isolation plates, protective covers, etc., to prevent dust and metal debris generated during workpiece processing from entering the slide rail and affecting its performance. Alternatively, the first slide rail 1 and the second slide rail 7 can also be bottom-mounted slide rails, that is, the second slide rail 7, the first slide rail 1, and the two main units 3 are distributed from top to bottom. In this case, since the first slide rail 1 and the second slide rail 7 are located on the upper side of the spindle 20 of the composite machine tool, dust and metal debris generated during workpiece processing are less likely to enter the slide rail, making the performance of the second slide rail 7 and the first slide rail 1 more stable.

[0041] The embodiment provides a method for machining a differential housing, using the composite lathe as the machining equipment, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0042] S1. Clamping and positioning of the differential housing.

[0043] See Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the journal at one end of the differential housing is clamped using a fixture 21 on the composite machine tool, such as a chuck or collet, to achieve the clamping and fixing of the differential housing. During the clamping process, the differential housing is positioned radially, axially, and angularly based on the existing positioning method to ensure that the center lines of the differential housing and the spindle 20 of the composite machine tool coincide, and that the axial position and angle of the differential housing meet the predetermined requirements.

[0044] S2. Pre-processing of the differential housing.

[0045] In the aforementioned clamping state, referring to existing process technologies, the corresponding parts of the differential housing are processed using the integrated turning, milling, and grinding functions of the composite machine tool. For example, the round and end faces of components such as journals and flanges that are not clamped can be processed. The inner spherical surface and inner end face can also be processed using a gooseneck cutter in this process. More importantly, in the preceding processing, it is essential to process the relevant round and end faces of the unclamped journals so that the journals can be stably clamped and accurately positioned after flipping.

[0046] S3. Machining of planetary gear shaft holes.

[0047] See Figure 3 , Figure 8 As shown, after completing the preliminary processing, the composite machine tool, based on the orientation or indexing function of the spindle 20, stops the spindle 20 from rotating and locks it at a predetermined angle, locking the differential housing in the open state; the second feed transmission mechanism drives the first slide rail 1 to move, so that the two main machines 3 are adjusted to the corresponding positions along the axial direction of the differential housing; the first feed transmission mechanism drives the two main machines 3 to move along the first slide rail 1 and controls the feed amount, so that the two main machines 3 rotate the output shaft 6; firstly, the drill bit 5 is used to open the planetary gear shaft hole on the side wall of the differential housing, then the boring tool 4 is used to bore the planetary gear shaft hole, and finally, the surface grinding surface of the grinding wheel 10 is used to grind the outer end face of the planetary gear shaft hole, thereby completing the processing of the planetary gear shaft hole.

[0048] S4. Flipping the differential housing.

[0049] See Figure 3 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, when the differential housing is flipped, the first feed transmission mechanism drives the two main machines 3 to move towards the differential housing until the two grinding wheels 10 clamp the differential housing from both sides. The clamping fixture 21 of the composite machine tool switches to the open state, that is, it no longer clamps the journal of the differential housing. The second feed transmission mechanism drives the first slide rail 1 to move, so that the differential housing is disengaged from the clamping fixture 21 of the composite machine tool. The two main machines 3 simultaneously rotate the two output shafts 6 180 degrees, so that the positions of the two journals of the differential housing are reversed. At this time, the unprocessed journal will be aligned with the clamping fixture 21. The second feed transmission mechanism drives the first slide rail 1 to move, so that the journal of the differential housing enters the clamping fixture 21. The composite machine tool clamps the journal with the clamping fixture 21, completing the re-clamping and fixing of the differential housing. Finally, the first feed transmission mechanism drives the two main machines 3 to move, so that the output shaft 6 is separated from the differential housing to prevent it from hindering subsequent processing.

[0050] S5. Post-processing of the differential housing.

[0051] like Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, in the above clamping state, referring to existing process technology, the unprocessed parts of the differential housing are processed by using the integrated turning, milling, and grinding functions of the composite machine tool to complete the remaining processing operations.

[0052] When the composite machine tool is working, the two main units 3 in the planetary gear shaft hole opening device can adjust their positions based on the first slide rail 1 and the second slide rail 7 to avoid the tool table, tool turret and other mechanisms in the composite machine tool, so as to ensure the efficient clamping and machining operations.

[0053] The planetary gear shaft hole opening device is installed on a compound machine tool to work, without the need for a separate main shaft and clamp, which can significantly reduce equipment cost investment; the planetary gear shaft hole opening device can perform drilling, boring and grinding three processing methods for the planetary gear shaft hole, and can automatically complete the turnover operation of the differential housing, has relatively perfect functions, high integration and compact structure.

[0054] The planetary gear shaft hole opening device is installed on a compound machine tool to work, without the need for a separate main shaft and clamp, which can significantly reduce equipment cost investment; the planetary gear shaft hole opening device can perform drilling, boring and grinding three processing methods for the planetary gear shaft hole, and can automatically complete the turnover operation of the differential housing, has relatively perfect functions, high integration and compact structure.

[0055] The planetary gear shaft hole opening device is installed on a compound machine tool to work, without the need for a separate main shaft and clamp, which can significantly reduce equipment cost investment; the planetary gear shaft hole opening device can perform drilling, boring and grinding three processing methods for the planetary gear shaft hole, and can automatically complete the turnover operation of the differential housing, has relatively perfect functions, high integration and compact structure.

[0056] The planetary gear shaft hole opening device is installed on a compound machine tool to work, without the need for a separate main shaft and clamp, which can significantly reduce equipment cost investment; the planetary gear shaft hole opening device can perform drilling, boring and grinding three processing methods for the planetary gear shaft hole, and can automatically complete the turnover operation of the differential housing, has relatively perfect functions, high integration and compact structure.

[0057] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4 to improve the grinding effect of the grinding tool 10 on the planetary gear shaft hole and the stability when clamping the differential housing; preferably, the plane grinding surface is circular, and the center is located on the center line of the output shaft 6.

[0058] In addition, it is worth noting that when the differential housing is flipped, the two grinding tools 10 bear the task of clamping the differential housing, so the grinding tool 10 should have high strength, which can usually be improved in two ways:

[0059] On the one hand, the strength of the grinding tool 10 is improved by material selection, such as using metal bond grinding tools, ceramic bond grinding tools, etc. with high strength;

[0060] On the other hand, the strength of the grinding tool 10 can be improved by structural optimization, for example, the grinding tool 10 is round and is fixedly connected to the output shaft 6, thereby improving the overall strength of the grinding tool 10.

[0061] Preferably, as shown in Figure 6 , Figure 7 After the planetary gear shaft hole opening device is installed on the compound machine tool, the two main machines 3 are located at the two ends of the first slide rail 1 in the initial state, and the first slide rail 1 is located at one end of the second slide rail 7 close to the root of the main shaft 20 of the compound machine tool; thus, in the initial state of the planetary gear shaft hole opening device, the two main machines 3 are located on both sides of the root of the main shaft 20 of the compound machine tool, thereby reducing the space interference caused by clamping and machining operations on the differential housing.

[0062] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 8 After the planetary gear shaft hole opening device is installed on the compound machine tool, the two main machines 3 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the main shaft 20 of the compound machine tool, and the two main machines 3 always maintain symmetry during the movement driven by the first feed transmission mechanism; thus, the planetary gear shaft hole opening device can simultaneously process two planetary gear shaft holes, and the radial forces generated on both sides of the main shaft 20 during the processing of the two planetary gear shaft holes can be offset, thereby significantly reducing the working load of the main shaft 20 and the clamp 21, improving the operating stability of the main shaft 20, and improving the processing quality.

[0063] In the planetary gear shaft hole opening device, the first feed transmission mechanism is used to adjust the position of the main machine 3 on the first slide rail 1. Based on the setting purpose, the first feed transmission mechanism can use two linear drive mechanisms commonly used in the prior art to adjust the position of the two main machines 3; similarly, the second feed transmission mechanism can also use a linear drive mechanism commonly used in the prior art to achieve the function of adjusting the position of the first slide rail 1. For the first feed transmission mechanism, the present application provides a preferred embodiment, and the specific structure is:

[0064] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 5As shown, the first feeding transmission mechanism comprises a motor device 2 and a screw rod 19, the motor device 2 and the screw rod 19 are in transmission connection; the screw rod 19 is rotationally fixed in the first slide rail 1 and the extension directions of the two are consistent, the screw rod 19 is provided with two threaded zones, the rotation directions of the threads in the two threaded zones are opposite; the two main machines 3 are respectively fixedly connected with a screw sleeve 18, the two screw sleeves 18 are respectively in threaded cooperation with the two threaded zones; in the rotation process of the screw rod 19, the two main machines 3 are synchronously moved in opposite directions;

[0065] Based on the design, on the one hand, the two main machines 3 are jointly driven and the positions are adjusted by the motor device 2 and the screw rod 19, so that the structure of the first feeding transmission mechanism is very simple and the operation energy consumption is relatively low; on the other hand, the consistency of the stroke directions of the two main machines 3 is ensured, the coaxiality of the two planetary gear shaft holes can be improved, and the machining quality of the differential case is improved.

[0066] Referring to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, in the present planetary gear shaft hole opening device, the boring cutter 4 is installed on the output shaft 6 to perform boring processing on the planetary gear shaft hole, so as to improve the form and position accuracy of the planetary gear shaft hole; in order to improve the boring efficiency and accuracy, two boring cutters 4 are installed on each output shaft 6, the two boring cutters 4 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the output shaft 6, and are respectively used for rough boring and fine boring of the planetary gear shaft hole, so as to gradually correct the hole wall error of the planetary gear shaft hole, thereby improving the machining accuracy.

[0067] As a preferred embodiment, referring to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, the main machine 3 is provided with a rotatable power shaft 8, one end of the power shaft 8 is in transmission connection with the driving system inside the main machine 3, the other end of the power shaft 8 is located outside the main machine 3 and a first insertion hole 17 is formed in the end face, and the power shaft 8 is provided with a first locking piece 11; the output shaft 6 is provided with a first plug 16 at the end away from the drill bit 5, the first plug 16 is inserted into the first insertion hole 17 and locked by the first locking piece 11, so that the output shaft 6 and the power shaft 8 are fixedly connected and the center lines of the two coincide; the grinding tool 10 is in the shape of a circular sheet, a pin hole 13 is formed in the middle part, the first plug 16 passes through the pin hole 13 of the grinding tool 10, and the end faces of the output shaft 6 and the power shaft 8 clamp the grinding tool 10;

[0068] Based on the above design, the output shaft 6 and the grinding tool 10 are in an assembled structure, which is easy to maintain and can be quickly replaced according to actual machining needs; in the specific implementation process, the first insertion hole 17, the first plug 16 and the pin hole 13 can adopt a non-circular matching structure to prevent the power shaft 8, the output shaft 6 and the grinding tool 10 from rotating relative to each other;

[0069] Further, the power shaft 8 is provided with a recess 12 for mounting the grinding tool 10 on the end face of the first insertion hole 17, so that the grinding tool 10 can be provided with balanced and stable support, and good installation limiting effect can be achieved, the working performance of the grinding tool 10 is improved and the service life is prolonged; the output shaft 6 is provided with a second insertion hole 15 on the end of the drill bit 5, the output shaft 6 is provided with a second locking member 9, the drill bit 5 is provided with a second bolt 14, the second bolt 14 is inserted into the second insertion hole 15 and locked by the second locking member 9, so that the output shaft 6 and the drill bit 5 are fixedly connected and the center lines of the two coincide; thus, the drill bit 5 can be maintained or replaced according to actual processing needs.

[0070] Specifically, the first locking member 11 and the second locking member 9 are countersunk head bolts.

[0071] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0072] Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for opening a planetary gear shaft hole in a differential housing, comprising a main unit and a slide rail, characterized in that: The slide rail includes a first slide rail and a second slide rail with perpendicular extension directions; two main units are provided, installed at intervals on the first slide rail, and the first slide rail is provided with a first feed transmission mechanism for adjusting the position of the two main units; each of the two main units has an output shaft on its opposite side, and the main unit has a drive system inside that drives the output shaft and can adjust the speed and angle; the center lines of the two output shafts coincide and are consistent with the extension direction of the first slide rail, and drill bits are respectively installed at the opposite ends of the two output shafts; a boring bar and a grinding wheel are fixedly installed on the output shaft, the grinding wheel is located on the side of the boring bar closer to the main unit, and the end face of the grinding wheel near the boring bar is a flat grinding surface, which is perpendicular to the center line of the output shaft; the first slide rail is installed on the second slide rail, and the second slide rail is provided with a second feed transmission mechanism for adjusting the position of the first slide rail.

2. The planetary gear shaft hole opening device for the differential housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding surface is circular, with its center located on the center line of the output shaft.

3. The planetary gear shaft hole opening device for the differential housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding tool is in the shape of a round sleeve, which is fitted onto the output shaft and the two are fixedly connected.

4. The planetary gear shaft hole opening device for the differential housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first feed transmission mechanism includes a motor device and a screw connected by transmission. The screw is rotatably fixed in the first slide rail and the two extend in the same direction. The screw is provided with two threaded areas, and the threads in the two threaded areas have opposite directions of rotation. Each of the two main units is fixedly connected with a screw sleeve, and the two screw sleeves are threadedly engaged with the two threaded areas respectively. During the rotation of the screw, the two main units move synchronously in opposite directions.

5. The planetary gear shaft hole opening device for the differential housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two boring tools are mounted on each output shaft, and the two boring tools are spaced apart along the axial direction of the output shaft.

6. The planetary gear shaft hole opening device for the differential housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The host is equipped with a power shaft that is connected to the drive system. One end of the power shaft is located outside the host and has a first insertion hole on its end face. The power shaft is equipped with a first locking element. The output shaft has a first pin at its end away from the drill bit. The first pin is inserted into the first insertion hole and locked by the first locking element. The grinding wheel is in the shape of a disc with a pin hole in the middle. The first pin passes through the pin hole, and the end faces of the output shaft and the power shaft opposite to each other clamp the grinding wheel.

7. The planetary gear shaft hole opening device for the differential housing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end face of the power shaft with the first insertion hole is provided with a recess for placing the grinding tool; the end of the output shaft where the drill bit is installed is provided with a second insertion hole, the output shaft is provided with a second locking member, the drill bit is provided with a second pin, the second pin is inserted into the second insertion hole and locked by the second locking member.

8. A composite lathe for machining differential housings, comprising a machine body and a spindle, characterized in that: It also includes the planetary gear shaft hole opening device according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the second slide rail is horizontally mounted on the body of the composite lathe, the two main machines are respectively located on both sides of the spindle of the composite machine tool, and the center lines of the output shaft of the main machine tool and the spindle of the composite machine tool are located in the same plane and perpendicular to each other.

9. The composite lathe according to claim 8, characterized in that: The two main machines are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the spindle of the composite machine tool. The two main machines maintain symmetry during the movement driven by the first feed transmission mechanism.

10. A method for machining a differential housing, characterized in that: Using the composite lathe as described in claim 8 or 9 as the processing equipment includes the following steps: S1. Use the fixture of the composite machine tool to clamp the journal at one end of the differential housing to ensure that the center lines of the differential housing and the spindle of the composite machine tool are coincident. S2. Use a composite machine tool to process the differential housing, and be sure to process the relevant circular surfaces and end faces of the journals that are not clamped. S3. The composite machine tool stops the spindle from rotating and locks it at a predetermined angle, locking the differential housing in the open state. The two main units operate at the opening position. The planetary gear shaft hole is opened in the side wall of the differential housing using a drill bit. The planetary gear shaft hole is bored using a boring tool. The outer end face of the planetary gear shaft hole is ground using the surface grinding surface of the grinding wheel. S4. The two main machines approach each other and use two grinding wheels to clamp the differential housing. The clamp of the composite machine tool switches to the open state and disengages from the differential housing. The two main machines simultaneously rotate the two output shafts 180 degrees to swap the positions of the two journals of the differential housing. The clamp of the composite machine tool clamps and fixes the unprocessed journals to complete the subsequent processing.

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