Tunneling method based on coal body pretreatment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a tunneling method based on coal body pretreatment. The tunneling method comprises the steps that fracturing drill holes are formed in the periphery of a roadway section contour line of a coal body to be excavated, grooving is conducted in the fracturing drill holes in the axial direction of a roadway according to the roadway section contour line, and hole sealing fracturing is conducted on the grooving fracturing drill holes, the to-be-excavated coal body and the reserved coal body are pre-separated, and the fully-mechanized coal mining all-in-one machine crushes the to-be-excavated coal body in the axial direction of the to-be-excavated coal body, transfers the to-be-excavated coal body and supports the reserved coal body. According to the tunneling method based on coal body pretreatment, the to-be-excavated coal body and the reserved coal body can be pre-separated through fracturing drilling and grooving, so that the fully-mechanized coal mining all-in-one machine can more efficiently crush and transfer the to-be-excavated coal body and support the reserved coal body, and the tunneling speed can be remarkably increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal tunneling technology, and more specifically to a tunneling method based on coal pretreatment. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the large cutting mechanism of the integrated tunneling and anchoring machine and the limitations of the parallel tunneling and support operation process in related technologies, the large gaps between the roof and the ribs (maximum gap between roof and rib exceeding 3m, maximum gap between rib and rib exceeding 4.5m) make it prone to roof and rib collapses. This poses a significant risk to workers during tunneling face construction and makes it difficult to adapt to the complex conditions prone to roof and rib collapses. In complex conditions, a cantilever tunneling machine with a tunneling-anchoring-tunneling process is required to reduce the gap between the roof and the ribs (maximum gap between roof and rib 1m), but this requires equipment to operate in tandem, severely impacting the parallel tunneling and support operation and the tunneling speed. Therefore, there is an urgent need in coal mines for a technology and equipment that can reduce the gap between the roof and the ribs, enable parallel tunneling and support operations, improve tunneling speed, and ensure operational safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0004] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention propose a tunneling method based on coal pretreatment. This method can pre-separate the coal body to be tunneled from the reserved coal body through fracturing boreholes and cutting, so that the fully mechanized mining machine can more efficiently crush, transport and support the reserved coal body, which can significantly improve the tunneling speed.

[0005] The tunneling method based on coal pretreatment in this invention includes: opening fracturing boreholes around the contour line of the roadway cross section of the coal body to be excavated; cutting grooves along the axial direction of the roadway in the fracturing boreholes according to the contour line of the roadway cross section; sealing and fracturing the fracturing boreholes after the grooves have been cut, so as to pre-separate the coal body to be excavated from the reserved coal body; and using a fully mechanized mining machine to crush, transport, and support the reserved coal body along the axial direction of the coal body to be excavated.

[0006] Compared with related technologies, the pre-separation of the coal body to be excavated and the reserved coal body through fracturing drilling and grooving allows the fully mechanized mining machine to more efficiently crush, transport, and support the reserved coal body, which can significantly improve the tunneling speed and meet the needs of coal mine production.

[0007] This method eliminates the need for cantilever tunneling machines, thus avoiding equipment overlap and enabling parallel tunneling and support operations. This not only improves work efficiency but also optimizes the workflow and reduces construction time.

[0008] Fracturing boreholes are arranged along the top and side profile of the roadway section to be excavated. Then, a grooving drill bit is used to determine the direction of the borehole grooving along the roadway profile. The grooving extends along the roadway axis, and after grooving, the boreholes are sealed and fracturing is performed. This creates a fracture between the coal body to be excavated and the retained coal body, pre-separating the coal body to be excavated from the retained coal body. During cutting, the cutting mechanism does not require trimming, greatly simplifying the cutting process.

[0009] In some embodiments, when the tunneling method based on coal pretreatment of the present invention arranges fracturing boreholes around the cross-sectional outline of the roadway to be excavated, the fracturing boreholes are opened on the cross-sectional outline of the roadway using a drill bit.

[0010] In some embodiments, when the tunneling method based on coal pretreatment of the present invention cuts grooves in the fracturing borehole, a grooving drill bit is used to cut grooves along the roadway axis inside each fracturing borehole.

[0011] In some embodiments, the tunneling method based on coal pretreatment of the present invention, when pre-separating the coal body to be tunneled from the reserved coal body, seals and fracturing the pre-cut fracturing borehole, forming cracks inside the coal body to be tunneled. After adjacent cracks are connected, the coal body to be tunneled is separated from the reserved coal body, so that the roadway outline of the coal body to be tunneled is formed in the form of coal body cracks.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the fully mechanized mining machine of the coal pretreatment-based tunneling method advances forward, the fully mechanized mining machine can crush the coal to be excavated, transport the crushed coal out of the roadway, and perform top anchor bolting and side anchor bolting operations on the coal roadway for support of the coal roadway.

[0013] In some embodiments, the fully mechanized mining machine of the coal pretreatment-based tunneling method of the present invention includes a tracked chassis and a cutting drum. The cutting drum is started to crush the coal at the bottom of the coal body to be tunneled, and then the tracked chassis drives the fully mechanized mining machine to move forward.

[0014] In some embodiments, the fully mechanized mining machine of the coal pretreatment-based tunneling method of this invention includes a tracked chassis, multiple reaming rigs, and a crusher. The reaming rigs are started to insert into the coal body to be excavated. Then, the reaming rigs are started again to retract their telescopic ends, at which point the coal body to be excavated separates from the retaining medium, allowing the retaining medium to fall. The crusher is then started to crush the fallen coal body.

[0015] In some embodiments, the reaming drill of the coal pretreatment-based tunneling method of the present invention includes a hydraulic motor, drill rods, hydraulic telescopic rods, and reaming blades, so that multiple drill rods simultaneously drill into the coal body to be tunneled by one row spacing. Then, the drill rods drilling into the coal body to be tunneled gradually open the reaming blades, the hydraulic telescopic rods drive the drill rods to move backward, and the drill rods with the reaming blades opened are pulled back. At this time, the separated coal body separates from the coal body to be tunneled and falls down.

[0016] In some embodiments, the fully mechanized mining machine of the coal pretreatment-based tunneling method of the present invention includes a shovel and a tail section. The tail section is installed behind the shovel. The shovel transports the crushed small pieces of coal to the tail section. The tail section is connected to the rear machine or belt to realize the transfer and discharge of small pieces of coal.

[0017] In some embodiments, the fully mechanized mining machine in the coal pretreatment-based tunneling method of this invention includes multiple side anchor bolt drilling rigs and multiple top anchor bolt drilling rigs. The side anchor bolt drilling rigs are used for installing side anchor bolts, and the top anchor bolt drilling rigs are used for installing top anchor bolts. The installation processes of top and side anchor bolts can be performed synchronously with the drilling and pull-back operations of the reaming drilling rig, achieving synchronous operation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of the tunneling method based on coal pretreatment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fracturing borehole and roadway outline of the tunneling method based on coal pretreatment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the split surface between the coal body to be excavated and the retained coal body after sealing and fracturing in the tunneling method based on coal body pretreatment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fully mechanized mining machine based on a coal pretreatment-based tunneling method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is an embodiment of the tunneling method based on coal pretreatment according to the present invention. Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0023] Figure label: 1. Coal body to be excavated; 2. Roadway cross-sectional outline; 3. Fracturing borehole; 4. Slot cutting; 5. Integrated fully mechanized mining machine; 501. Tracked chassis; 502. Cutting drum; 503. Reamer; 5031. Hydraulic motor; 5032. Drill rod; 5033. Reamer blade; 504. Crusher; 505. Shovel; 504. Tail end; 505. Side bolt drilling rig; 506. Top bolt drilling rig; 6. Retained coal body; 7. Cracks. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0025] Reference Figures 1-5 As shown, the tunneling method based on coal pretreatment in this embodiment of the invention includes the following steps: fracturing boreholes 3 are opened around the roadway cross-sectional outline 2 of the coal body 1 to be excavated; grooves 4 are cut along the axial direction of the roadway in the fracturing boreholes 3 according to the roadway cross-sectional outline 2; the fracturing boreholes 3 with the grooves 4 are sealed and fracturing is performed to pre-separate the coal body 1 to be excavated from the reserved coal body 6; and the fully mechanized mining machine 5 crushes, transports, and supports the reserved coal body 6 along the axial direction of the coal body 1 to be excavated.

[0026] Compared with related technologies, the fracturing borehole 3 and the cutting groove 4 can pre-separate the coal body 1 to be excavated and the reserved coal body 6, so that the fully mechanized mining machine 5 can more efficiently crush and transport the coal body 1 to be excavated and simultaneously support the reserved coal body 6, which can significantly improve the tunneling speed and meet the needs of coal mine production.

[0027] This method eliminates the need for cantilever tunneling machines, thus avoiding equipment overlap and enabling parallel tunneling and support operations. This not only improves work efficiency but also optimizes the workflow and reduces construction time.

[0028] Fracturing boreholes 3 are arranged along the top and side profile of the roadway to be excavated. Then, the direction of the cutting groove 4 is determined by the cutting bit 4 along the roadway cross-section profile line 2. The cutting groove 4 extends along the roadway axis. After the cutting groove 4 is completed, the boreholes are sealed and fracturing is performed. A crack 7 is formed between the coal body to be excavated 1 and the retained coal body 6. The coal body to be excavated 1 is separated from the retained coal body 6 in advance. During cutting, the cutting mechanism does not need to be trimmed, which greatly simplifies the cutting mechanism. At the same time, the top anchor bolt drilling rig 506 and the side anchor bolt drilling rig 505 can be arranged at the position closest to the excavation face to reduce the distance between the unsupported roof and the unsupported side.

[0029] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-3As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, when arranging fracturing boreholes 3 around the contour line 2 of the roadway section of the coal body 1 to be excavated, fracturing boreholes 3 are opened on the contour line 2 of the roadway section using a drill bit.

[0030] The drill bit can precisely open fracturing holes 3 around the tunnel cross-section outline 2, ensuring that the position of the holes meets the design requirements, and laying a good foundation for subsequent grooving 4 and fracturing operations.

[0031] By drilling fracturing holes 3 around the roadway cross-section outline 2, an effective fracture network can be formed during the subsequent cutting 4 and fracturing process, thereby enhancing the pre-separation effect of the coal body.

[0032] The drill bit design can adapt to different geological conditions. Whether it is hard coal or soft coal, a suitable drill bit can be selected to complete the drilling task, which improves the versatility of the method.

[0033] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, in the coal pretreatment-based tunneling method of this embodiment of the invention, when cutting grooves 4 inside the fracturing borehole 3, a cutting 4 drill bit is used to cut grooves 4 along the roadway axis inside each fracturing borehole 3.

[0034] The presence of groove 4 causes crack 7 to form along the cross-sectional outline of the tunnel.

[0035] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, in the tunneling method based on coal pretreatment of this embodiment of the invention, when the coal body 1 to be tunneled is pre-separated from the reserved coal body 6, after the fracturing borehole 3 of the cut groove 4 is sealed and fracturing is performed, cracks 7 are formed inside the coal body 1 to be tunneled. After the adjacent cracks 7 are connected, the coal body 1 to be tunneled is separated from the reserved coal body 6, so that the roadway outline of the coal body 1 to be tunneled is formed in the form of coal body cracks 7.

[0036] Creating fracture 7 through borehole fracturing can significantly reduce the strength of the coal body, making it easier to break and remove during subsequent crushing and tunneling, thereby improving tunneling efficiency. The formation of fracture 7 reduces the overall integrity of the coal body, lowers tunneling resistance, reduces the energy consumption of mechanical equipment, and saves energy.

[0037] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, when the fully mechanized mining machine 5 of the tunneling method based on coal pretreatment in this embodiment of the invention is tunneling forward, the fully mechanized mining machine 5 can crush the coal to be excavated 1, transport the crushed coal out of the roadway, and simultaneously perform top anchor bolting and side anchor bolting operations on the coal roadway for the purpose of supporting the coal roadway.

[0038] The fully mechanized mining machine 5 integrates multiple functions, enabling simultaneous crushing, transportation, and support operations on a single machine, significantly improving the efficiency of the entire tunneling process. The high efficiency of the fully mechanized mining machine 5 ensures the continuity of tunneling, transportation, and support operations, reducing work interruptions caused by equipment switching.

[0039] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the fully mechanized mining machine 5 based on the coal pretreatment tunneling method of this embodiment includes a tracked chassis 501 and a cutting drum 502. The cutting drum 502 is started to crush the coal at the bottom of the coal body 1 to be tunneled, and then the tracked chassis 501 drives the fully mechanized mining machine 5 to move forward.

[0040] Starting the cutting drum 502 breaks the bottom of the coal body, which is beneficial to subsequent cutting operations and reduces cutting difficulty and time.

[0041] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the fully mechanized mining machine 5 based on the coal pretreatment tunneling method of this embodiment includes a tracked chassis 501, multiple reaming drills 503, and a crusher 504. The reaming drills 503 are started to insert into the coal body 1 to be excavated. Then the reaming drills 503 are started again to make the telescopic end of the reaming drills 503 retract. At this time, the coal body 1 to be excavated is separated from the reserved coal body so that the coal body to be excavated falls down. At this time, the crusher 504 is started to crush the fallen coal body 1.

[0042] The operation of the reaming drill rig 503 allows for rapid and efficient tunneling of the coal seam, improving overall work efficiency. The reaming drill rig 503 inserts into the coal seam for drilling, allowing for precise control of the tunneling path and depth. After the coal seam 1 is dropped, it is crushed by the crusher 504, ensuring uniform crushing and facilitating subsequent loading and transportation. Pre-separation and crushing of the coal seam reduces energy consumption during the cutting process, improving energy efficiency. The reaming drill rig's drilling, hole enlargement, pull-back, and bottom crushing rock-breaking method significantly simplifies the tunneling mechanism, allowing the top anchor bolt drill rig 506 and side anchor bolt drill rig 505 to be positioned at the front of the machine, enabling the top and side anchor bolts to be installed closest to the tunneling face, reducing the distance between the top and side anchors.

[0043] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the reaming drill rig 503 of the tunneling method based on coal pretreatment in this embodiment of the invention includes a hydraulic motor 5031, a drill rod 5032, a hydraulic telescopic rod, and reaming blades 5033. Multiple drill rods 5032 simultaneously drill into the coal body 1 to be tunneled by one row spacing. Then, the drill rods 5032 that have drilled into the coal body 1 to be tunneled gradually open the reaming blades 5033. The hydraulic telescopic rod drives the drill rods 5032 to move backward, and the drill rods 5032 that have opened the reaming blades 5033 are pulled back. At this time, the separated coal body separates from the coal body 1 to be tunneled and falls down.

[0044] By drilling simultaneously with multiple 5032 drill rods, pre-holes can be quickly formed, laying the foundation for subsequent coal separation and crushing, thereby improving the overall tunneling speed.

[0045] The hydraulic telescopic rod drives the drill rod 5032 to move backward and pulls the drill rod 5032 back by opening the hole-expanding blade 5033, so that the separated coal body is separated from the coal body to be excavated 1 and falls down. The whole process is highly automated and the operation efficiency is improved.

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the fully mechanized mining machine 5 based on the coal pretreatment tunneling method of this invention includes a shovel 505 and a tail 504. The tail 504 is installed behind the shovel 505. The shovel 505 transports the crushed small pieces of coal to the tail 504. The tail 504 is connected to the rear machine or belt to realize the transfer and discharge of small pieces of coal.

[0047] The shovel 505 transports the crushed small pieces of coal directly to the tail section 504, where the coal is then transferred out. This continuous transport process improves coal transport efficiency. By connecting the tail section 504 with the subsequent machines or belts, the coal transfer process is simplified, intermediate steps are reduced, and system complexity is lowered.

[0048] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the fully mechanized mining machine 5 based on coal pretreatment in this embodiment of the invention includes multiple side anchor drilling rigs 505 and multiple top anchor drilling rigs 506. The side anchor drilling rigs 505 are used for installing side anchors, and the top anchor drilling rigs 506 are used for installing top anchors.

[0049] The 505 and 506 rock bolt drilling rigs are used for driving rock bolts in the sidewalls and roof, respectively, which can effectively enhance the support effect of the coal seam, prevent the collapse of the roof and sidewalls, and improve the safety of the working face. Equipping multiple drilling rigs allows for simultaneous driving of sidewall and roof rock bolts, improving the efficiency of rock bolt support operations and shortening the preparation time for the working face.

[0050] By using directional fracturing borehole 3 to separate the coal body 1 to be excavated from the retained coal body 6, the cutting device is simplified, allowing the top and side anchor drilling rigs 505 and lateral anchor drilling rig 505 to be as close as possible to the face, reducing the gap between the unsupported top and side, and enabling parallel operations of tunneling and support.

[0051] The tunneling method is as follows: Using ordinary drill bit, fracturing boreholes 3 are arranged on the rectangular roadway cross-section outline. Considering the construction economy and the function of the invented tunneling equipment, fracturing boreholes 3 may not be arranged on the bottom outline. Based on the orientation of the tunnel cross-section outline 2, longitudinal grooves 4 are cut inside each fracturing borehole 3 using a grooving drill bit 4. The fracturing borehole 3 of the cut groove 4 is sealed and fracturing is performed. After fracturing, due to the influence of the longitudinal cut groove 4 along the roadway outline, the crack 7 preferentially expands along the roadway outline. After the crack 7 of the adjacent fracturing borehole 3 is connected, the coal body 1 to be excavated is separated from the retained coal body 6, and the roadway outline is formed in the form of coal body crack 7. Using the fully mechanized mining machine 5, the coal body 1 to be excavated is separated into individual rows and crushed. The crushed coal body is then transported out, and roof and side support operations are carried out simultaneously. The coal body 1 to be excavated is continuously split and crushed according to the individual row spacing until the depth of the fracturing borehole 3 is reached. Then, the above process steps are repeated to continue excavation.

[0052] The specific method for the tunneling process of the fully mechanized mining machine 5 is as follows: The fully mechanized mining machine 5 is pushed forward by the tracked chassis 501 by one row distance, while the bottom cutting roller penetrates the coal body 1 to be mined by one row distance to clear the lower part of the coal body 1 to be mined. Multiple borehole drilling rigs 503 arranged in front of the fully mechanized mining machine 5 simultaneously drill one row of drill rods 5032 into the coal body 1 to be excavated. At the same time, multiple top anchor bolt drilling rigs 506 and side anchor bolt drilling rigs 505 arranged at intervals simultaneously carry out anchor bolt support or anchor cable support. The drill rod 5032, which is drilled into the coal body 1 to be excavated, gradually opens the reaming blade 5033; When the drill rod 5032 of the reaming drill rig 503 opens the reaming blade 5033 and is pulled back, the separated coal body falls after separating from the coal body to be excavated 1. The crusher 504 and the bottom roller separate the coal body into small pieces of coal body, which are then transported to the tail 504 by the shovel 505. The tail 504 is connected to the rear machine or belt to realize the transfer and discharge of small pieces of coal body. The reaming drill rig 503 retracts the reaming blade 5033 and drill rod 5032, at which point the equipment has the maximum empty top distance and the maximum empty side distance.

[0053] The fully mechanized mining machine 5 mainly consists of a bottom cutting drum, a crusher 504, a shovel 505, a tracked chassis 501, support legs, a tail section 504, a hydraulic and electrical system, a side bolt drilling rig 505, a reaming drilling rig 503, and a top bolt drilling rig 506. The bottom cutting drum is installed at the front of the tracked chassis 501 and below it, primarily used to clean the bottom of the coal body to be mined and form the roadway floor. The crusher 504 is installed below the front of the tracked chassis 501 and behind the bottom cutting drum, primarily used to crush the coal body for easy transport. The shovel 505 is installed at the front and bottom of the tracked chassis 501, and below and behind the crusher 504, primarily used for cleaning and transporting the crushed coal body. The support legs Z45 are installed at the rear and bottom of the tracked chassis 501, primarily used to stabilize the machine body. The tail section 504 is installed at the rear of the tracked chassis 501, primarily used for transporting the crushed coal body. The hydraulic and electrical systems are installed in the middle rear of the tracked chassis 501, mainly used to provide hydraulic or electric power to various sub-components, and also equipped with a control system to control these sub-components. The side anchor drilling rig 505 is installed in the middle front of the tracked chassis 501, mainly used for installing side anchors. The reaming drilling rig 503 is installed in the front of the tracked chassis 501, mainly used to separate the coal body 1 to be excavated according to the support spacing. Multiple top anchor drilling rigs 506 are installed in the front of the tracked chassis 501, interspersed among the reaming drilling rigs 503, mainly used for installing top anchors.

[0054] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0055] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0056] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0057] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0058] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0059] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0060] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunneling method based on coal pretreatment, characterized in that, include: Fracturing boreholes (3) are opened around the roadway cross-sectional outline (2) of the coal body to be excavated (1). According to the tunnel cross-sectional outline (2), cut a groove (4) along the axial direction of the tunnel in the fracturing borehole (3); The fracturing borehole (3) with the completed cutting (4) is sealed and fracturing is performed to pre-separate the coal body to be excavated (1) from the retained coal body (6); The fully mechanized mining machine (5) crushes, transports, and supports the coal body to be mined (1) along the axial direction of the coal body to be mined (1).

2. The tunneling method based on coal pretreatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, When arranging fracturing boreholes (3) around the roadway cross-sectional outline (2) of the coal body to be excavated (1), the fracturing boreholes (3) are opened on the roadway cross-sectional outline (2) using a drill bit.

3. The tunneling method based on coal pretreatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, When cutting grooves (4) inside the fracturing borehole (3), a grooving drill bit is used to cut grooves (4) along the roadway axis inside each fracturing borehole (3).

4. The tunneling method based on coal pretreatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, When pre-separating the coal body to be excavated (1) from the reserved coal body (6), after sealing and fracturing the pre-cut fracturing borehole (3), cracks (7) are formed inside the coal body to be excavated (1). After the adjacent cracks (7) are connected, the coal body to be excavated (1) is separated from the reserved coal body (6), so that the roadway outline of the coal body to be excavated (1) is formed in the form of coal body cracks (7).

5. The tunneling method based on coal pretreatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the fully mechanized mining machine (5) advances forward, it can crush the coal to be mined (1), transport the crushed coal out of the roadway, and perform top anchor bolting and side anchor bolting operations on the coal roadway to support the coal roadway.

6. The tunneling method based on coal pretreatment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fully mechanized mining machine (5) includes a tracked chassis (501) and a cutting drum (502). The cutting drum (502) is started to crush the coal at the bottom of the coal body (1) to be mined, and then the tracked chassis (501) drives the fully mechanized mining machine (5) to move forward.

7. The tunneling method based on coal pretreatment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fully mechanized mining machine (5) includes a tracked chassis (501), multiple reaming drills (503) and a crusher (504). The reaming drill (503) is started and inserted into the coal body (1) to be mined. Then the reaming drill (503) is started again so that the telescopic end of the reaming drill (503) moves backward. At this time, the coal body (1) to be mined is separated from the reserved coal body so that the coal body to be mined falls down. At this time, the crusher (504) is started so that the crusher (504) crushes the fallen coal body (1).

8. The tunneling method based on coal pretreatment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reaming drill (503) includes a hydraulic motor (5031), drill rods (5032), hydraulic telescopic rods, and reaming blades (5033). Multiple drill rods (5032) simultaneously drill into the coal body (1) to be excavated by one row spacing. Then, the drill rods (5032) that have drilled into the coal body (1) to be excavated gradually open the reaming blades (5033). The hydraulic telescopic rod drives the drill rods (5032) to move backward. The drill rods (5032) that have opened the reaming blades (5033) are pulled back. At this time, the separated coal body separates from the coal body (1) and falls down.

9. The tunneling method based on coal pretreatment according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The fully mechanized mining machine (5) includes a shovel (505) and a tail (504). The tail (504) is installed behind the shovel (505). The shovel (505) transports the crushed small pieces of coal to the tail (504). The tail (504) is connected to the rear machine or belt to realize the transfer and discharge of small pieces of coal.

10. The tunneling method based on coal pretreatment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fully mechanized mining machine (5) includes multiple side anchor drilling rigs (505) and multiple top anchor drilling rigs (506). The side anchor drilling rigs (505) are used for installing side anchors, and the top anchor drilling rigs are used for installing top anchors.

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