Gear shifter and automobile

Abstract

The invention discloses a gear shifter and an automobile, and relates to the technical field of automobiles, the gear shifter comprises a shell, a rotating shaft, an operating lever, a magnet and a detection piece, a mounting cavity is formed in the shell, the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the mounting cavity in the first direction, and the operating lever is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft in the second direction; a containing groove is formed in the operating rod, the magnet is fixedly arranged in the containing groove, and the detection piece is located in the containing groove. When the magnet rotates along two directions along with the operating rod, the detection piece outputs a corresponding electric signal according to the detected magnetic field change. The magnet and the detection piece are both located on the center line of the control rod, namely the magnet and the detection piece are arranged in a centered coaxial mode, and when the control rod drives the magnet to rotate leftwards or rightwards by the same angle, the magnetic field intensity change gradient of the space where the detection piece is located is basically kept consistent due to the symmetry of a magnetic circuit. The problem of weak signal response caused by unilateral magnetic field change balance under asymmetric layout is avoided, and the repeated positioning precision of bidirectional operation is improved, so that the reliability of the gear shifter is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive technology, and in particular to a gear shifter and an automobile. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of automotive technology, lightweighting and intelligentization of vehicles have become clear development trends. Traditional mechanical gear shifters, due to their complex structure, large size, and space occupation, are no longer suitable for the design requirements of this new stage. Against this backdrop, electronic gear shifters have emerged and are gradually becoming the mainstream solution. Based on their operation methods, electronic gear shifters are mainly divided into manual, rotary, button, and touch screen types. Among them, manual shifters occupy an important position in the current market and are widely used in many models because their operation logic, spatial positioning, and force feedback are closer to the driver's shifting habits.

[0003] The core components of existing electronic gear shifters are magnets and Hall effect sensors. The magnet moves synchronously with the gear lever, changing the relative magnetic field between the magnet and the Hall effect sensor. The Hall effect sensor detects the change in magnetic field and feeds back a voltage signal to control the transmission and achieve the shifting function. However, the magnets and Hall effect sensors in existing electronic gear shifters are generally arranged asymmetrically relative to the shaft. When the gear lever is turned to the left by a certain angle, the change in magnetic field may be significant enough to cause the Hall effect sensor to output a clear signal change, triggering the shifting function normally. However, when the gear lever is turned to the right by the same physical angle, due to the asymmetry of the magnetic field distribution, the change in magnetic field sensed by the Hall effect sensor may be weaker, resulting in an insignificant change in the output signal that cannot be effectively identified, causing shifting failure or inconsistent response. Therefore, the asymmetrical design of the magnets directly leads to relatively poor repeatability of the electronic gear shifter's sensing position accuracy, affecting the reliability of the shifter. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a gear shifter and an automobile, wherein the magnet and the detection element are centrally arranged so that the gradient of the magnetic field strength change sensed by the detection element in bidirectional operation remains consistent, avoiding the problem of weak signal response caused by the balance of magnetic field change on one side under asymmetrical layout, improving the repeatability and positioning accuracy of bidirectional operation, thereby improving the reliability of the gear shifter.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a gear shifter, comprising:

[0006] The housing has an installation cavity formed inside it;

[0007] A rotating shaft is rotatably disposed within the mounting cavity in a first direction;

[0008] A joystick, rotatably mounted on a pivot in a second direction, has a receiving groove formed in the joystick; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0009] Magnet, the magnet is fixed in the receiving groove;

[0010] The detection element is located in the receiving groove, and both the magnet and the detection element are located on the center line of the control lever. When the magnet rotates with the control lever in the first or second direction, the detection element outputs a corresponding electrical signal according to the change in the detected magnetic field.

[0011] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0012] A magnet bracket is embedded in a receiving groove; the magnet bracket forms a receiving cavity, and the magnet bracket includes a lower positioning plate. A fixing groove is provided on the side of the lower positioning plate away from the receiving cavity, and the magnet is fixed in the fixing groove.

[0013] The circuit board has an extension ear protruding from it. The detection element is fixed in the extension ear and extends into the receiving cavity. The detection element is fixed at one end of the extension ear extending into the receiving cavity. The detection element is located directly above the magnet along the center line of the control lever.

[0014] In some embodiments, the lower positioning plate has two lower positioning strips protruding from it, and each lower positioning strip has a lower guide groove and a lower guide block that are slidably engaged with the lower sidewall of the receiving groove; and / or, the magnet bracket also includes an upper positioning plate opposite to the lower positioning plate, and the upper positioning plate has an upper guide groove and an upper guide block that are slidably engaged with the upper sidewall of the receiving groove.

[0015] An opening stop plate is fixed to the open edge of the receiving cavity, and the opening stop plate abuts against the edge of the receiving groove. Side locking ears are bent on both opposite sides of the opening stop plate. The operating lever has a transition convex bulge forming a receiving groove. Side locking blocks are protruding on both opposite sides of the transition convex bulge. The side locking ears and side locking blocks are engaged.

[0016] In some embodiments, the pivot includes a pivot body sleeved on the control lever; pivot rotation protrusions are respectively provided on two opposite sides of the pivot body;

[0017] The housing includes an upper housing and a lower housing, which are interlocked to form an installation cavity. The upper housing is provided with an upper housing rotation groove, and the lower housing is provided with a lower housing limiting protrusion. The upper housing rotation groove and the lower housing limiting protrusion cooperate to form a rotating shaft cavity. The rotating shaft protrusion rotates in the rotating shaft cavity along a first direction.

[0018] In some embodiments, the two opposite sides of the rotating shaft body are respectively provided with rotating shaft positioning protrusions, and the center lines of the rotating shaft positioning protrusions and the rotating shaft rotation protrusions are perpendicular to each other; the upper shell is provided with an upper shell positioning groove, and the rotating shaft positioning protrusions and the upper shell positioning grooves are in concave-convex fit, and the upper shell positioning grooves are used to guide the rotating shaft to rotate around the rotating shaft rotation protrusions in a first direction through the rotating shaft positioning protrusions.

[0019] In some embodiments, the upper housing is provided with a circuit board positioning post, the circuit board is provided with a circuit board positioning hole, and the circuit board positioning post and the circuit board positioning hole are in concave-convex fit; the lower housing is provided with a circuit board support post, and the circuit board support post abuts against the circuit board.

[0020] In some embodiments, the two opposite sides of the joystick are provided with joystick rotation protrusions, and the center lines of the joystick rotation protrusions and the rotating shaft rotation protrusions are perpendicular to each other;

[0021] The rotating shaft body is provided with a control lever rotation groove; the rotating shaft also includes a rotating shaft cover fastened to the rotating shaft body, the rotating shaft cover and the control lever rotation groove forming a control lever rotation cavity, and the control lever rotation protrusion rotates in the control lever rotation cavity along the second direction.

[0022] In some embodiments, an upper cover fixed to the upper housing is also included, the upper cover being sleeved on the control lever and covering directly above the clearance through hole of the rotating shaft cover.

[0023] The outer side of the control lever has a protruding cover limiting protrusion ring; in the center line direction of the control lever, the end of the upper cover abuts against the cover limiting protrusion ring; and / or, the outer side of the control lever has a protruding cover limiting shoulder, and a cover limiting hook extends inside the upper cover, with the cover limiting hook abutting against the cover limiting shoulder in the center line direction of the control lever.

[0024] In some embodiments, one end of the joystick inserted into the mounting cavity has a resilient head mounting groove; and further includes:

[0025] The flexible head can be slidably inserted into the flexible head mounting slot;

[0026] An elastic support component is located between the elastic head mounting groove and the elastic head.

[0027] The curved block is installed on the lower housing and fixedly connected to the upper housing; the curved block has a first groove and a second groove that are perpendicular to each other. The first groove is used to guide the elastic head to slide in a first direction, and the second groove is used to guide the elastic head to slide in a second direction.

[0028] In some embodiments, the joystick includes an extension extending into the curved block, the outer side of the extension having a first protrusion and a second protrusion, which are arranged in a cross shape; the two ends of the first slide groove are respectively provided with a first groove, and the two ends of the second slide groove are respectively provided with a second groove.

[0029] When the joystick rotates around the pivot and the protrusion rotates along the first groove to the first limit position, the first protrusion abuts against the first groove.

[0030] When the joystick rotates around the joystick protrusion to the second limit position along the second slide groove, the second protrusion abuts against the second groove.

[0031] In some embodiments, the upper housing protrusion is formed with a plurality of upper housing support protrusions, and the curved block is fitted with fasteners, which pass through the lower housing and are fixedly connected to the upper housing support protrusions.

[0032] Each upper shell support protrusion has an upper shell snap-fit ​​protrusion on its outer side and a lower shell snap-fit ​​groove inside the lower shell. The upper shell snap-fit ​​protrusion and the lower shell snap-fit ​​groove are in a convex-concave fit.

[0033] And / or, the two ends of the lower shell are respectively provided with lower shell end protrusions, each lower shell end protrusion abutting between two adjacent upper shell support protrusions; there are interlocking positioning protrusions and interlocking positioning grooves between the lower shell end protrusions and the abutting upper shell support protrusions.

[0034] In some embodiments, both the upper shell and the lower shell are rectangular structures. The upper shell has protrusions at each of its apex corners, and the lower shell has grooves at each of its apex corners. The protrusions at the upper shell and the grooves at the lower shell are in a convex-concave fit.

[0035] And / or, the outer edge of the upper shell is provided with a plurality of upper shell side edge grooves, and the outer edge of the lower shell is provided with a plurality of lower shell side edge protrusions, and all the upper shell side edge grooves and all the lower shell side edge protrusions are in concave-convex fit.

[0036] The present invention also provides an automobile, including a controller, a transmission, and the aforementioned gear shifter, wherein the controller controls the transmission to switch to the target gear according to the gear position signal issued by the gear shifter.

[0037] Compared to the prior art, the gear shifter provided by the present invention includes a housing, a rotating shaft, a control lever, a magnet, and a detection element. The housing has a mounting cavity, the rotating shaft is rotatably disposed within the mounting cavity in a first direction, and the control lever is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft in a second direction. The control lever has a receiving groove, the magnet is fixed within the receiving groove, and the detection element is located within the receiving groove. When the magnet rotates with the control lever in the first or second direction, the relative position between the magnet and the detection element changes, and the detection element outputs a corresponding electrical signal based on the detected change in the magnetic field.

[0038] Crucially, both the magnet and the detection element are located on the centerline of the joystick, meaning they are centrally coaxial. When the joystick rotates the magnet to the left or right by the same angle, the symmetry of the magnetic circuit ensures that the gradient of the magnetic field strength in the space where the detection element is located remains essentially consistent. Based on this symmetrical magnetic field, the detection element can output two sets of electrical signals with symmetrical amplitudes, ensuring that the controller can clearly identify the direction and angle of rotation. This effectively avoids the weak signal response problem caused by the balance of magnetic field changes on one side in an asymmetrical layout, thereby improving the repeatability of bidirectional operation and ultimately enhancing the reliability of the gear shifter by increasing the reliability of the detection signal. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of a gear shifter provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Another axonometric drawing;

[0042] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A sectional view;

[0043] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Another sectional view;

[0044] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Exploded view;

[0045] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the joystick;

[0046] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Assembly diagram of the central magnet and magnet support;

[0047] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Exploded view;

[0048] Figure 9 for Figure 1 Assembly diagram of the joystick, magnet, and magnet bracket;

[0049] Figure 10 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the upper cover of the transfer shaft;

[0050] Figure 11 for Figure 1 Assembly diagram of the central pivot shaft, control lever, magnet, and magnet bracket;

[0051] Figure 12 for Figure 1 Assembly diagram of the central pivot shaft body and the control lever;

[0052] Figure 13 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the circuit board;

[0053] Figure 14 for Figure 1 Assembly diagram of the circuit board, rotating shaft, joystick, magnet and magnet bracket;

[0054] Figure 15 for Figure 14 Another view;

[0055] Figure 16 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the upper and middle shell;

[0056] Figure 17 for Figure 1 Assembly diagram of the upper and middle housings and circuit board;

[0057] Figure 18 for Figure 1 Assembly diagram of the upper and middle housing, rotating shaft, control lever, magnet and magnet bracket;

[0058] Figure 19 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the lower and middle shell;

[0059] Figure 20 for Figure 1 Assembly diagram of the remaining parts after removing the curved surface blocks;

[0060] Figure 21 for Figure 1 Assembly diagram of the upper and lower shells;

[0061] Figure 22 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a medium-curved surface block;

[0062] Figure 23 for Figure 22 A bottom view.

[0063] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0064] 1. Housing; 2. Rotating shaft; 3. Control lever; 4. Magnet; 5. Detector; 6. Magnet bracket; 7. Circuit board; 8. Upper cover; 9. Elastic head; and 10. Curved block.

[0065] Upper shell 11 and lower shell 12;

[0066] Upper shell rotation groove 111, upper shell positioning groove 112, rotating shaft limiting protrusion 113, circuit board positioning post 114, upper shell support protrusion 115, upper shell snap-fit ​​protrusion 116, upper shell top corner protrusion 117 and upper shell side edge groove 118.

[0067] The lower shell limiting protrusion 121, the circuit board support post 122, the lower shell end protrusion 123, the lower shell top corner groove 124, and the lower shell side edge protrusion 125;

[0068] The rotating shaft body 21 and the rotating shaft cover 22;

[0069] Rotating shaft protrusion 211, rotating shaft positioning protrusion 212, rotating shaft limiting groove 213 and control lever rotating groove 214;

[0070] Avoid through hole 221;

[0071] The following components are included: receiving groove 31, transition convex 32, control lever rotation convex 33, cover limiting convex ring 34, cover limiting shoulder 35, elastic head mounting groove 36, and extension 37.

[0072] Lower guide block 311 and upper guide block 312;

[0073] Side snap-fit ​​block 321;

[0074] First protrusion 371 and second protrusion 372;

[0075] The accommodating cavity 61, the lower positioning plate 62, the fixing groove 63, the upper positioning plate 64, the open stop plate 65, and the side snap-fit ​​ear 66;

[0076] Lower positioning bar 621 and lower guide groove 622;

[0077] Upper guide groove 641;

[0078] Extension ear 71 and circuit board positioning hole 72;

[0079] Cover limit hook 81;

[0080] Elastic support component 91;

[0081] First slide groove 101, second slide groove 102, fastener 103, first groove 104 and second groove 105. Detailed Implementation

[0082] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0083] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0084] This invention discloses a gear shifter, as shown in the attached figure. Figures 1 to 5As shown, the device includes a housing 1, a rotating shaft 2, a control lever 3, a magnet 4, and a detection element 5. The housing 1 has a mounting cavity, providing both installation space for the components and rotation space for the control lever 3. The rotating shaft 2 is rotatably mounted within the mounting cavity in a first direction, and the control lever 3 is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft 2 in a second direction. (See attached diagram.) Figure 1 Based on the current view, the first direction in the text refers to the direction around the X-axis, and the second direction refers to the direction around the Y-axis. It can be seen that the first and second directions are perpendicular to each other. The joystick 3 achieves two-dimensional rotation via the pivot 2, resulting in symmetrical control directions and an increased number of control positions, thus enhancing the functional integration of the joystick 3.

[0085] The joystick 3 has a receiving groove 31, and the magnet 4 is fixed in the receiving groove 31, ensuring that the magnet 4 is fixed on the joystick 3 and moves synchronously with the joystick 3. The detection element 5 is located in the receiving groove 31. When the magnet 4 rotates with the joystick 3 in a first direction or a second direction, the detection element 5 outputs a corresponding electrical signal based on the detected change in the magnetic field. The detection element 5 is preferably a Hall sensor. Specifically, when the magnet 4 rotates with the joystick 3 in the first direction, the Hall sensor detects a regular change in the magnetic field and outputs a characteristic electrical signal; when the magnet 4 rotates with the joystick 3 in the second direction, the Hall sensor detects another regular change in the magnetic field and outputs another characteristic electrical signal. The controller is connected to the detection element 5, and the controller issues different control commands by recognizing the two different characteristic electrical signals.

[0086] Crucially, both magnet 4 and detector 5 are located on the centerline of lever 3, meaning they are centrally coaxial. When lever 3 rotates magnet 4 to the left or right by the same angle, the symmetry of the magnetic circuit ensures that the gradient of the magnetic field strength in the space where detector 5 is located remains essentially consistent. Based on this symmetrical magnetic field, detector 5 can output two sets of symmetrical electrical signals, ensuring that the controller can clearly identify the direction and angle of rotation. This effectively avoids the problem of weak signal response caused by the balance of magnetic field changes on one side under asymmetrical layout, thereby improving the repeatability of bidirectional operation and ultimately enhancing the reliability of the shifter by increasing the reliability of the detection signal.

[0087] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figures 6 to 16As shown, the shifter also includes a magnet bracket 6 and a circuit board 7. The magnet bracket 6 is embedded in the receiving groove 31, forming a receiving cavity 61. The magnet bracket 6 includes a lower positioning plate 62, and a fixing groove 63 is provided on the side of the lower positioning plate 62 away from the receiving cavity 61. The magnet 4 is fixed in the fixing groove 63, so that the magnet 4 is fixed to the magnet bracket 6, preventing the magnet 4 from loosening during vibration. The magnet 4 is indirectly fixed to the control lever 3 by means of the magnet bracket 6, which effectively buffers the direct impact of external stress on the magnet 4 and reduces the interference of the material of the control lever 3 on the magnetic field distribution, thereby improving the stability of the detection signal of the detection element 5.

[0088] The circuit board 7 has a protruding extension ear 71, and the detection element 5 is fixed to the extension ear 71. The extension ear 71 extends into the receiving cavity 61, and the detection element 5 is fixed at one end of the extension ear 71 extending into the receiving cavity 61. This allows the detection element 5 to obtain stable mechanical support through the circuit board 7 itself, effectively suppressing micro-movements caused by vehicle vibration, ensuring that the relative position between the detection element 5 and the magnet 4 remains constant for a long time, and thus ensuring the repeatability accuracy of magnetic field sensing. In addition, clearance gaps are formed on both sides of the extension ear 71 to avoid the transition protrusion 32 of the control lever 3, preventing the control lever 3 from colliding with the circuit board 7.

[0089] Along the centerline of the control lever 3, the detection element 5 is positioned directly above the magnet 4, ensuring that it is on the centerline of the magnet 4 and can capture stable changes in magnetic flux. When the magnet 4 rotates with the control lever 3 in either the first or second direction, the detection element 5 remains directly above the rotation axis 2. The magnet 4 maintains a symmetrical motion relative to the detection element 5, enabling it to output two sets of symmetrical electrical signals. This provides the physical basis for bidirectional angle recognition and ensures the accuracy of position sensing of the gear shifter in different operating directions.

[0090] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 7 and 8 As shown, the lower positioning plate 62 has two protruding lower positioning strips 621. Each lower positioning strip 621 has a slidably fitted lower guide groove 622 and a lower guide block 311 between it and the lower side wall of the receiving groove 31. This ensures that the magnet bracket 6 is accurately installed in the receiving groove 31, avoids misalignment during assembly, and improves assembly accuracy. Specifically, the lower positioning plate 62 has two protruding lower positioning strips 621, each of which has a lower guide groove 622. The lower guide groove 622 is slidably fitted with the lower guide block 311 on the lower side wall of the receiving groove 31.

[0091] And / or, the magnet bracket 6 also includes an upper positioning plate 64 opposite to the lower positioning plate 62. The upper positioning plate 64 and the upper side wall of the receiving groove 31 are provided with an upper guide groove 641 and an upper guide block 312 that can be slidably engaged. The magnet bracket 6 and the receiving groove 31 form two guide structures, upper and lower, which constitute a bidirectional constraint and form a bidirectional positioning for the magnet bracket 6. This ensures that the magnet bracket 6 maintains the best posture during the assembly stroke, effectively eliminates the deflection caused by unilateral guidance, achieves high-precision centering assembly, and enables the magnet bracket 6 to effectively resist the torsional load and vibration impact generated when the control lever 3 is operated. This prevents the relative displacement of the magnet 4 and the detection element 5 due to deformation caused by force, and ensures the long-term stability of signal detection.

[0092] The lower positioning plate 62 has a protruding lower stop step at one end near the open stop plate 65; a lower limiting plate is provided between the two lower positioning strips 621, and the length of the lower limiting plate is less than the length of the lower positioning strips 621; the lower positioning plate 62, the lower stop step, the two lower positioning strips 621 and the lower limiting plate form a fixing groove 63. The lower limiting plate forms a lower positioning groove, and the lower side wall of the receiving groove 31 has a protruding lower positioning protrusion, which cooperates with the lower positioning groove.

[0093] An opening stop plate 65 is fixedly provided at the open edge of the receiving cavity 61. The opening stop plate 65 abuts against the edge of the groove of the receiving groove 31, providing a clear mechanical stop for the magnet bracket 6 in the receiving groove 31. This ensures that the magnet bracket 6 can be accurately installed into the predetermined final position and effectively suppresses axial movement of the magnet bracket 6, avoiding loosening caused by long-term vibration, and enabling reliable assembly of the magnet 4. Side locking ears 66 are bent on both opposite sides of the opening stop plate 65. The operating lever 3 has a transition protrusion 32 forming the receiving groove 31. Side locking blocks 321 protrude on both opposite sides of the transition protrusion 32. The side locking ears 66 and the side locking blocks 321 engage with each other, so that the magnet bracket 6 is reliably fixed on the operating lever 3.

[0094] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 12 As shown, the rotating shaft 2 includes a rotating shaft body 21 sleeved on the control lever 3. Specifically, the transition protrusion 32 of the control lever 3 is provided in the central through hole of the rotating shaft body 21, which provides conditions for self-alignment between the rotating shaft 2 and the control lever 3, ensures that the rotation axis 2 lines of the two coincide, reduces the rotation compensation problem caused by axis deviation, and ensures the smooth operation of the control lever 3.

[0095] As attached Figure 12As shown, the rotating shaft body 21 has rotating protrusions 211 on both opposite sides. The housing 1 includes an upper housing 11 and a lower housing 12, which are interlocked to form a mounting cavity. The upper housing 11 is provided with an upper housing rotation groove 111, and the lower housing 12 is provided with a lower housing limiting protrusion 121. The upper housing rotation groove 111 and the lower housing limiting protrusion 121 cooperate to form a rotating shaft cavity. The rotating shaft protrusion 211 rotates in the rotating shaft cavity along a first direction. The rotating shaft cavity provides a closed constraint space for the rotating shaft protrusion 211, realizing 360-degree full circumferential mechanical limitation. This effectively constrains the radial and axial degrees of freedom of the rotating shaft 2 during rotation, reducing frictional resistance and jamming during rotation, and improving the smoothness of operation.

[0096] In a preferred embodiment, the two opposite sides of the rotating shaft body 21 are respectively provided with rotating shaft positioning protrusions 212, and the center lines of the rotating shaft positioning protrusions 212 and the rotating shaft rotation protrusions 211 are perpendicular to each other; the upper shell 11 is provided with an upper shell positioning groove 112, and the rotating shaft positioning protrusions 212 and the upper shell positioning groove 112 are in concave-convex fit. The upper shell positioning groove 112 is used to guide the rotating shaft 2 to rotate around the rotating shaft rotation protrusions 211 in the first direction through the rotating shaft positioning protrusions 212, effectively suppressing the rotation of the rotating shaft 2 along the center line direction of the rotating shaft positioning protrusions 212 during rotation. This ensures the stability of the motion trajectory, provides a solid operating feel, and ensures that the relative distance between the magnet 4 and the detection element 5 remains absolutely constant, thereby ensuring the long-term stability of the magnetic field induction signal.

[0097] And / or, the upper housing 11 is provided with an upper housing receiving groove for accommodating the rotating shaft 2. The outer edge of the rotating shaft body 21 and the inner sidewall of the upper housing receiving groove are provided with a rotating shaft limiting groove 213 and a rotating shaft limiting protrusion 113 that cooperate with each other. The rotating shaft limiting groove 213 is used to guide the rotating shaft 2 to rotate around the rotating shaft rotation protrusion 211 in the first direction through the rotating shaft limiting protrusion 113, forming a second independent motion constraint path. The dual locking mechanism constitutes a redundant design. Even if one set of the cooperation has a slight deviation due to extreme conditions, the other set can still effectively maintain the motion trajectory of the rotating shaft 2, so that the rotating shaft 2 can effectively suppress the high-frequency oscillation induced by vehicle vibration and impact, and ensure that the relative position of the magnet 4 and the detection element 5 remains highly stable in the dynamic environment, and ensure that the signal output by the detection element 5 is accurate and reliable.

[0098] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 17As shown, circuit board 7 is located between upper housing 11 and lower housing 12. Upper housing 11 is provided with circuit board positioning posts 114, and circuit board 7 is provided with circuit board positioning holes 72. The circuit board positioning posts 114 and circuit board positioning holes 72 are in a concave-convex fit to reliably position circuit board 7. Lower housing 12 is provided with circuit board support posts 122, which abut against circuit board 7 to provide reliable rigid support for circuit board 7. This ensures that circuit board 7 maintains a preset mounting plane and spatial posture within housing 1, avoiding complete deformation due to its own weight or assembly stress, and providing a stable mounting reference for electrical components on circuit board 7.

[0099] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 18 As shown, the joystick 3 has joystick rotation protrusions 33 on two opposite sides, and the center lines of the joystick rotation protrusions 33 and the pivot rotation protrusions 211 are perpendicular to each other; correspondingly, the pivot body 21 has joystick rotation grooves 214; the pivot 2 also includes a pivot cover 22 fastened to the pivot body 21, the pivot cover 22 and the joystick rotation grooves 214 forming a joystick rotation cavity, and the joystick rotation protrusions 33 rotate in the joystick rotation cavity along the second direction. The joystick rotation cavity provides a closed constraint space for the joystick rotation protrusions 33, providing smooth operation for the rotation of the joystick 3. (See attached diagram) Figure 10 As shown, the upper cover 22 of the rotating shaft is provided with a clearance through hole 221 for the control lever 3 to pass through. The clearance through hole 221 is a rectangular through hole, used to allow the control lever 3 to pass through, so as to avoid mechanical interference. As a preferred embodiment, as shown in the attached figure... Figure 4 As shown, the gear shifter also includes an upper cover 8 fixed to the upper housing 11. The upper cover 8 is sleeved on the control lever 3 and covers the clearance through hole 221 of the upper cover 22 of the rotating shaft, forming an effective physical isolation to prevent external dust or water vapor and other contaminants from entering the housing 1, avoiding problems such as internal jamming or short circuit caused by this. By reducing the potential failure risk caused by contamination, the reliability of the gear shifter is improved.

[0100] The outer side of the control lever 3 has a protruding cover limiting protrusion ring 34; in the center line direction of the control lever 3, the end of the upper cover 8 abuts against the cover limiting protrusion ring 34, providing precise positioning for the upper cover 8, effectively constraining the axial degree of freedom of the upper cover 8, preventing it from moving relative to the control lever 3 when subjected to accidental axial impact, ensuring the long-term stability of the relative position between the cover and the housing 1, and improving the impact resistance of the upper cover 8.

[0101] And / or, the outer side of the control lever 3 is provided with a cover limiting shoulder 35, and the upper cover 8 is provided with a cover limiting hook 81 extending inside. In the center line direction of the control lever 3, the cover limiting hook 81 abuts against the cover limiting shoulder 35, further restricting the axial movement of the upper cover 8 relative to the control lever 3, and ensuring that the upper cover 8 is fixed reliably.

[0102] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 3 As shown, one end of the control lever 3 inserted into the mounting cavity forms a spring head mounting groove 36, and the bottom protrusion of the spring head mounting groove 36 forms a bottom limiting protrusion. The shifter also includes a spring head 9, a spring support member 91, and a curved block 10. The spring head 9 is slidably inserted into the spring head mounting groove 36. The spring support member 91 is located between the spring head mounting groove 36 and the spring head 9. Specifically, one end of the spring support member 91 is sleeved on the bottom limiting protrusion, and the other end is embedded in the spring limiting groove provided by the spring head 9. The curved block 10 is installed on the lower housing 12 and fixedly connected to the upper housing 11. (See attached diagram) Figure 22 and 23 As shown, the curved block 10 has a first groove 101 and a second groove 102 that are perpendicular to each other. The first groove 101 guides the elastic head 9 to slide along a first direction, and the second groove 102 guides the elastic head 9 to slide along a second direction. The first groove 101 and the second groove 102 are orthogonally arranged, so that the elastic head 9 can slide independently along the first and second directions in compound operations. The motion in the two dimensions is complementary and interference-free, ensuring that when the joystick 3 performs compound directional operations, the motion response of the elastic head 9 can be decomposed into a linear superposition of two orthogonal directions, providing a clear position signal for the controller.

[0103] In a preferred embodiment, the joystick 3 includes an extension 37 extending into the curved block 10. The outer side of the extension 37 has a first protrusion 371 and a second protrusion 372, which are arranged in a cross shape. The two ends of the first slide groove 101 are respectively provided with first grooves 104, and the two ends of the second slide groove 102 are respectively provided with second grooves 105. When the joystick 3 rotates around its axis, the protrusion 211 rotates along the first slide groove 101 to a first limit position, the first protrusion 371 abuts against the first groove 104. When the joystick 3 rotates around its axis, the protrusion 33 rotates along the second slide groove 102 to a second limit position, the second protrusion 372 abuts against the second groove 105.

[0104] By limiting the mutual cooperation between the control lever 3 and the curved block 10, a bidirectional rigid mechanical limit stop is provided for the rotation of the control lever 3, providing a definite physical endpoint for the movement of the control lever 3 in two rotational directions, providing the user with a clear sense of physical feedback, so that the user can clearly perceive that the operation of the control lever 3 is in place without visual confirmation, and preventing the control lever 3 from exceeding the design range and being squeezed and deformed, which is conducive to improving the reliability of the gear shifter.

[0105] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figures 16 to 18As shown, the upper housing 11 has several upper housing support protrusions 115. The curved block 10 is fitted with fasteners 103, which pass through the lower housing 12 and are fixedly connected to the upper housing support protrusions 115, thus directly fixing the curved block 10 to the upper housing 11 and improving the positioning accuracy of the curved block 10. Furthermore, the lower housing 12 has a lower housing mounting groove for accommodating the curved block 10. Between the lower housing mounting groove and the curved block 10, there are mutually cooperating curved block 10 positioning protrusions and curved block 10 positioning grooves, providing comprehensive constraints for the curved block 10, achieving precise positioning of the curved block 10, and ensuring that the first sliding groove 101 and the second sliding groove 102 of the curved block 10 maintain a stable relative position with the movement axis of the control lever 3, thereby improving the movement accuracy of the control lever 3.

[0106] Each upper shell support protrusion 115 has an upper shell snap-fit ​​protrusion 116 on its outer side and a lower shell snap-fit ​​groove inside the lower shell 12. The upper shell snap-fit ​​protrusion 116 and the lower shell snap-fit ​​groove are in a concave-convex fit to ensure that the upper shell 11 and the lower shell 12 are reliably connected, effectively resisting the vibration and impact of the vehicle and improving the structural stability of the shell 1.

[0107] And / or, as attached Figure 19 As shown, the lower shell 12 has protrusions 123 at both ends, and each lower shell end protrusion 123 abuts against two adjacent upper shell support protrusions 115. There are interlocking positioning protrusions and interlocking positioning grooves between the lower shell end protrusions 123 and the abutting upper shell support protrusions 115 to prevent the upper shell 11 and the lower shell 12 from lateral misalignment or slippage, and form a grid-like reinforcing rib in a local area to enhance the local bending stiffness and torsional stiffness of the joint surface between the upper shell 11 and the lower shell 12, effectively suppress the shell 1 flutter induced by the vehicle vibration environment, and eliminate friction noise caused by slight relative motion.

[0108] In a preferred embodiment, both the upper shell 11 and the lower shell 12 are rectangular structures. The upper shell 11 has protrusions 117 at each of its apex corners, and the lower shell 12 has apex grooves 124 at each of its apex corners. The protrusions 117 and grooves 124 engage with each other, providing natural positioning guidance during the engagement of the upper shell 11 and the lower shell 12. This ensures that the upper shell 11 and the lower shell 12 are automatically aligned when closed, preventing misalignment and avoiding incorrect installation of the shell 1. It also makes the shell 1 less prone to deformation when subjected to torsion or diagonal compression, thus improving the reliability of the shell 1.

[0109] And / or, the outer edge of the upper shell 11 is provided with a plurality of upper shell side edge grooves 118, and the outer edge of the lower shell 12 is provided with a plurality of lower shell side edge protrusions 125. All the upper shell side edge grooves 118 and all the lower shell side edge protrusions 125 are in concave-convex fit, so that the impact and vibration are evenly distributed to the entire mating surface, effectively avoiding stress concentration, enhancing the torsional stiffness of the edge area of ​​the shell 1, and preventing deformation caused by local stress.

[0110] The present invention also provides an automobile, including a controller, a transmission, and the aforementioned gear shifter, wherein the controller controls the transmission to switch to the target gear according to the gear position signal issued by the gear shifter, thereby realizing automatic gear shifting.

[0111] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0112] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear shifter, characterized in that, include: The housing (1) has an installation cavity formed therein; A rotating shaft (2) is rotatably disposed in the mounting cavity along a first direction; A control lever (3) is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft (2) along a second direction, and the control lever (3) has a receiving groove (31); the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; Magnet (4), the magnet (4) is fixed in the receiving groove (31); The detection element (5) is located in the receiving groove (31). Both the magnet (4) and the detection element (5) are located on the center line of the control lever (3). When the magnet (4) rotates with the control lever (3) along the first direction or the second direction, the detection element (5) outputs a corresponding electrical signal according to the detected magnetic field change.

2. The gear shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A magnet bracket (6) is embedded in the receiving groove (31); the magnet bracket (6) forms a receiving cavity (61); the magnet bracket (6) includes a lower positioning plate (62); a fixing groove (63) is provided on the side of the lower positioning plate (62) away from the receiving cavity (61); and the magnet (4) is fixed in the fixing groove (63). The circuit board (7) has an extension ear (71) protruding from it. The detection element (5) is fixed to the extension ear (71). The extension ear (71) extends into the accommodating cavity (61). The detection element (5) is fixed at one end of the extension ear (71) extending into the accommodating cavity (61). Along the center line direction of the control lever (3), the detection element (5) is located directly above the magnet (4).

3. The gear shifter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower positioning plate (62) has two protruding lower positioning strips (621), and each lower positioning strip (621) has a slidably fitted lower guide groove (622) and a lower guide block (311) between it and the lower side wall of the receiving groove (31); and / or, the magnet bracket (6) also includes an upper positioning plate (64) opposite to the lower positioning plate (62), and the upper positioning plate (64) has a slidably fitted upper guide groove (641) and an upper guide block (312) between it and the upper side wall of the receiving groove (31). An opening stop plate (65) is fixedly provided at the open edge of the receiving cavity (61), and the opening stop plate (65) abuts against the groove edge of the receiving groove (31); the two opposite sides of the opening stop plate (65) are respectively bent to provide side locking ears (66), the operating lever (3) has a transition convex bulge (32) forming the receiving groove (31), and the two opposite sides of the transition convex bulge (32) are provided with side locking blocks (321), and the side locking ears (66) are engaged with the side locking blocks (321).

4. The gear shifter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The rotating shaft (2) includes a rotating shaft body (21) sleeved on the control lever (3); rotating shaft protrusions (211) are respectively provided on two opposite sides of the rotating shaft body (21). The housing (1) includes an upper housing (11) and a lower housing (12), which are fastened together to form the mounting cavity; the upper housing (11) is provided in the upper housing rotation groove (111), and the lower housing (12) is provided with the lower housing limiting protrusion (121). The upper housing rotation groove (111) and the lower housing limiting protrusion (121) cooperate to form a rotating shaft cavity, and the rotating shaft protrusion (211) rotates in the rotating shaft cavity along the first direction.

5. The gear shifter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating shaft body (21) has rotating shaft positioning protrusions (212) on its two opposite sides. The center lines of the rotating shaft positioning protrusions (212) and the rotating shaft rotation protrusions (211) are perpendicular to each other. The upper shell (11) has an upper shell positioning groove (112). The rotating shaft positioning protrusions (212) and the upper shell positioning groove (112) are in concave-convex cooperation. The upper shell positioning groove (112) is used to guide the rotating shaft (2) to rotate around the rotating shaft rotation protrusions (211) in the first direction through the rotating shaft positioning protrusions (212).

6. The gear shifter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper housing (11) is provided with a circuit board positioning post (114), and the circuit board (7) is provided with a circuit board positioning hole (72). The circuit board positioning post (114) and the circuit board positioning hole (72) are in concave-convex fit. The lower housing (12) is provided with a circuit board support post (122), and the circuit board support post (122) abuts against the circuit board (7).

7. The gear shifter according to claim 6, characterized in that, The two opposite sides of the control lever (3) are provided with control lever rotation protrusions (33), and the center lines of the control lever rotation protrusions (33) and the rotating shaft rotation protrusions (211) are perpendicular to each other. The rotating shaft body (21) is provided with a joystick rotation groove (214); the rotating shaft (2) also includes a rotating shaft cover (22) fastened to the rotating shaft body (21), the rotating shaft cover (22) and the joystick rotation groove (214) form a joystick rotation cavity, and the joystick rotation protrusion (33) rotates in the joystick rotation cavity along the second direction.

8. The gear shifter according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes an upper cover (8) fixed to the upper housing (11), the upper cover (8) being sleeved on the control lever (3), and the upper cover (8) covering the clearance through hole (221) of the rotating shaft cover (22); The outer side of the control lever (3) is provided with a cover limiting protrusion ring (34); in the center line direction of the control lever (3), the end of the upper cover (8) abuts against the cover limiting protrusion ring (34); and / or, the outer side of the control lever (3) is provided with a cover limiting shoulder (35), and a cover limiting hook (81) extends inside the upper cover (8), in the center line direction of the control lever (3), the cover limiting hook (81) abuts against the cover limiting shoulder (35).

9. The gear shifter according to claim 7, characterized in that, The end of the control lever (3) inserted into the mounting cavity has a flexible head mounting groove (36); it also includes: The elastic head (9) is slidably inserted into the elastic head mounting groove (36). An elastic support member (91) is provided between the elastic head mounting groove (36) and the elastic head (9); A curved block (10) is installed on the lower housing (12) and fixedly connected to the upper housing (11); the curved block (10) has a first groove (101) and a second groove (102) that are perpendicular to each other. The first groove (101) is used to guide the elastic head (9) to slide along the first direction, and the second groove (102) is used to guide the elastic head (9) to slide along the second direction.

10. The gear shifter according to claim 9, characterized in that, The control lever (3) includes an extension (37) extending into the curved block (10). The outer side of the extension (37) has a first protrusion (371) and a second protrusion (372) arranged in a cross shape. The two ends of the first slide groove (101) are respectively provided with a first groove (104), and the two ends of the second slide groove (102) are respectively provided with a second groove (105). When the control lever (3) rotates around the pivot and the protrusion (211) rotates along the first groove (101) to the first limit position, the first protrusion (371) abuts against the first groove (104); When the control lever (3) rotates around the control lever rotation protrusion (33) along the second slide groove (102) to the second limit position, the second protrusion (372) abuts against the second groove (105).

11. The gear shifter according to claim 10, characterized in that, The upper shell (11) has a plurality of upper shell support protrusions (115) protruding, and the curved block (10) is fitted with fasteners (103). The fasteners (103) pass through the lower shell (12) and are fixedly connected to the upper shell support protrusions (115). Each of the upper shell support protrusions (115) has an upper shell snap-fit ​​protrusion (116) on its outer side, and the lower shell (12) has a lower shell snap-fit ​​groove inside, and the upper shell snap-fit ​​protrusion (116) and the lower shell snap-fit ​​groove are in concave-convex fit. And / or, the lower shell (12) has protrusions (123) at both ends, and each of the lower shell end protrusions (123) abuts against two adjacent upper shell support protrusions (115); there are interlocking positioning protrusions and interlocking positioning grooves between the lower shell end protrusions (123) and the abutting upper shell support protrusions (115).

12. The gear shifter according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the upper shell (11) and the lower shell (12) are rectangular structures. The upper shell apex protrusion (117) is formed at each apex corner of the lower shell (12), and the lower shell apex groove (124) is formed at each apex corner of the lower shell (12). The upper shell apex protrusion (117) and the lower shell apex groove (124) are in concave-convex fit. And / or, the outer edge of the upper shell (11) is provided with a plurality of upper shell side edge grooves (118), and the outer edge of the lower shell (12) is provided with a plurality of lower shell side edge protrusions (125), and all the upper shell side edge grooves (118) and all the lower shell side edge protrusions (125) are in concave-convex fit.

13. A car, characterized in that, The system includes a controller, a transmission, and a shifter as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the controller controls the transmission to switch to a target gear based on a gear position signal emitted by the shifter.

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