Magnetic heat pump system
The magnetic heat pump system, which combines multi-stage magnetic refrigeration modules and heat storage devices, solves the problems of low applicability and efficiency of magnetic refrigeration technology, and achieves large temperature range regulation and high-efficiency cooling/heating.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing magnetic refrigeration technology suffers from poor applicability, low cooling/heating capacity, and a small cooling/heating temperature range.
The magnetic heat pump system employs a multi-stage magnetic refrigeration module in parallel. By setting up heat accumulators between adjacent modules for superposition, combined with diversion and return pipelines, it achieves independent unidirectional flow of the heat transfer medium. Various magnetic thermal working fluids are set in the regenerator to regulate the temperature range.
It enables greater control over ambient temperature, improves cooling and heating efficiency, reduces energy loss, and enhances system energy efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN121739619A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of magnetic refrigeration, in particular to a magnetic heat pump system. BACKGROUND
[0002] As the most mature system on the market at present, the vapor compression system is most commonly used in air conditioning, and has high refrigeration efficiency, stable system, high technology maturity and cost advantage. However, the system needs to use refrigerant circulation, and the structure is relatively complex, and refrigerant leakage will cause damage to the environment. Therefore, the development of new heat pump technology has become the focus of major manufacturers, and typical new heat pump technologies include semiconductor refrigeration, Stirling refrigeration, magnetic refrigeration, etc.
[0003] Among them, the magnetic refrigeration technology has a potential higher energy efficiency ratio (COP), and the theoretical efficiency is high (5-6 times of the traditional vapor compression system). Moreover, the magnetic refrigeration system has no compressor, and the system operates at normal pressure, and refrigeration and heating are realized by changing the magnetic field, which can significantly reduce noise and vibration, and provide a quieter operating environment. Therefore, the magnetic refrigeration technology has become a potential heat pump technology. However, the potential of the magnetic refrigeration technology is only theoretical, and in practice, the magnetic refrigeration technology still has problems such as limited application scenarios, low refrigeration / heat, and small refrigeration / heat temperature span. How to overcome the above problems has become the key to the development of magnetic refrigeration technology.
[0004] Therefore, there is a need in the art for a new technical solution to solve the above problems. SUMMARY
[0005] In order to solve at least one of the above problems in the prior art, that is, to solve the problems of poor applicability, low refrigeration / heat, and small refrigeration / heat temperature span of the existing magnetic refrigeration system, the present application provides a magnetic heat pump system, comprising:
[0006] The magnetic refrigeration unit comprises a magnetic refrigeration module and a heat accumulator, and the magnetic refrigeration module is sequentially provided with multiple stages. Each stage of the magnetic refrigeration module comprises a magnetic field assembly, a regenerator, a pump body and a connecting pipeline, wherein adjacent magnetic refrigeration modules are arranged in a cascade manner through the heat accumulator.
[0007] The first heat exchanger is in communication with the first stage magnetic refrigeration module in the multiple stages of the magnetic refrigeration module.
[0008] The second heat exchanger is in communication with the last stage magnetic refrigeration module in the multiple stages of the magnetic refrigeration module.
[0009] The drain pipeline is provided in one-to-one correspondence with the heat accumulator, the first end of the drain pipeline is in communication with the heat accumulator, and the second end of the drain pipeline is in communication with one end of the second heat exchanger.
[0010] A return pipeline is arranged corresponding to the heat accumulator, a first end of the return pipeline is communicated with the other end of the second heat exchanger, and a second end of the return pipeline is communicated with the heat accumulator.
[0011] The technical solution of the present application can realize large temperature span regulation and control by using the multi-stage magnetic refrigeration module, so as to meet the refrigeration and heating requirements in different environments. Further, the heat transfer medium flow rate between the heat accumulators can be ensured, the heat transfer between the heat transfer mediums of different stages of the magnetic refrigeration module can be realized, and the selection difficulty of the pump body can be reduced. By arranging the drainage pipeline and the return pipeline, the cold or heat of different magnetic refrigeration modules can be taken separately, the magnetic heat pump system can work efficiently in multiple scenes, and heat loss of the heat transfer medium during transmission between different magnetic refrigeration modules can be avoided.
[0012] In the preferred technical solution of the magnetic heat pump system, the heat accumulator has a first port and a second port, the heat accumulator has a first interface and a second interface, and in the adjacent magnetic refrigeration modules, the second port of the upper-stage heat accumulator is communicated with the first interface of the heat accumulator, and the first port of the lower-stage heat accumulator is communicated with the second interface of the heat accumulator.
[0013] In the preferred technical solution of the magnetic heat pump system, the heat accumulator has a first port and a second port, the heat accumulator has a first interface and a second interface, and in the adjacent magnetic refrigeration modules, the second port of the upper-stage heat accumulator is communicated with the first interface of the heat accumulator, and the first port of the lower-stage heat accumulator is communicated with the second interface of the heat accumulator.
[0014] By arranging four ports on the heat accumulator and four interfaces on the heat accumulator, two independent medium flow paths can be formed, which is beneficial to the independent unidirectional flow of the heat transfer medium in the excitation heating and demagnetization cooling processes of each stage of the magnetic refrigeration module, so that the heat transfer medium flows in a pulse manner in the pipe, thereby reducing the flow dead zone. Moreover, the above arrangement of the present application can also avoid the energy loss caused by the heat mutual offset of the heat transfer medium during the reciprocating flow in the same flow path during the excitation heating and demagnetization cooling processes, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency of the system.
[0015] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned magnetic heat pump system, the pump body comprises a first circulating pump and a second circulating pump, the magnetic refrigeration unit further comprises a first liquid storage member and a second liquid storage member, the liquid outlet of the first circulating pump is in communication with the first port of the regenerator, the liquid inlet of the first circulating pump is in communication with the second interface of the heat accumulator except for the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module, the liquid outlet of the second circulating pump is in communication with the third port of the regenerator, the liquid inlet of the second circulating pump is in communication with the third interface of the heat accumulator except for the last-stage magnetic refrigeration module, the first liquid storage member is arranged between the fourth port of the regenerator in the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module and the liquid inlet of the first circulating pump, and the second liquid storage member is arranged between the second port of the regenerator in the last-stage magnetic refrigeration module and the liquid inlet of the second circulating pump.
[0016] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned magnetic heat pump system, the first end of the flow guide pipeline is in communication with the outlet of the first circulating pump connected with the second interface of the corresponding heat accumulator, and the heat accumulator further has a fifth interface, and the second end of the return pipeline is in communication with the corresponding fifth interface.
[0017] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned magnetic heat pump system, the first heat exchanger is arranged between the fourth port of the regenerator in the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module and the first liquid storage member, and the second heat exchanger is arranged between the second port of the regenerator in the last-stage magnetic refrigeration module and the second liquid storage member.
[0018] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned magnetic heat pump system, a on-off valve is arranged on the flow guide pipeline; or
[0019] The magnetic heat pump system further comprises a three-way valve, the three-way valve is arranged one by one with the flow guide pipeline, and three interfaces of the three-way valve are in communication with the first end of the flow guide pipeline, the outlet of the first circulating pump and the third port of the regenerator corresponding to the first circulating pump of the heat accumulator, respectively.
[0020] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned magnetic heat pump system, the heat accumulator is a heat storage water tank, and the heat storage water tank forms a liquid mixing cavity; or
[0021] The heat accumulator is a plate heat exchanger, a double-pipe heat exchanger or a regenerative heat exchanger.
[0022] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned magnetic heat pump system, a one-way valve or an electrically-controlled on-off valve is arranged at the first port of the regenerator, wherein the one-way valve is configured to be conductive when the heat conduction medium flows from the first port into the regenerator; and / or
[0023] The second port of the regenerator is provided with a one-way valve or an electrically controlled on-off valve, wherein the one-way valve is configured to be conductive when the heat conducting medium flows out of the regenerator from the second port; and / or
[0024] The third port of the regenerator is provided with a one-way valve or an electrically controlled on-off valve, wherein the one-way valve is configured to be conductive when the heat conducting medium flows into the regenerator from the third port; and / or
[0025] The fourth port of the regenerator is provided with a one-way valve or an electrically controlled on-off valve, wherein the one-way valve is configured to be conductive when the heat conducting medium flows out of the regenerator from the fourth port.
[0026] The one-way valve and the electrically controlled on-off valve can control the flow direction of the heat conducting medium and improve the energy efficiency of the system.
[0027] In the preferred technical solutions of the above-mentioned magnetic heat pump system, the magnetic refrigeration unit comprises three-stage magnetic refrigeration modules arranged in sequence; and / or
[0028] The regenerator is filled with multiple magnetic heat working substances, and the Curie temperatures of the multiple magnetic heat working substances increase or decrease in sequence along the direction from one end of the regenerator to the other end; and / or
[0029] The Curie temperature of a single magnetic heat working substance or the temperature range formed by the Curie temperatures of multiple magnetic heat working substances filled in the regenerator of the multiple-stage magnetic refrigeration modules increases or decreases in sequence along the direction from the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module to the last-stage magnetic refrigeration module.
[0030] By increasing or decreasing the Curie temperatures of the multiple magnetic heat working substances in sequence, the temperature range applicable to the regenerator is improved, and the heat exchange effect of the regenerator is improved. By increasing or decreasing the Curie temperature of a single magnetic heat working substance or the temperature range formed by the Curie temperatures of multiple magnetic heat working substances filled in the regenerator of the multiple-stage magnetic refrigeration modules along the direction from the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module to the last-stage magnetic refrigeration module, the large temperature span between the magnetic refrigeration modules is improved, and the energy efficiency of the system is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0031] The present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:
[0032] Figure 1 The system diagram of the magnetic heat pump system of the present application;
[0033] Figure 2 The system diagram of the magnetic refrigeration unit of the magnetic heat pump system of the present application.
[0034] List of reference signs
[0035] 10, magnetic refrigeration unit; 11a, 11b, 11c, magnetic refrigeration module; 111, magnetic field assembly; 112, regenerator; 1121, first port; 1122, second port; 1123, third port; 1124, fourth port; 1131, first circulating pump; 1132, second circulating pump; 114, connecting pipeline; 12, heat accumulator; 121, first interface; 122, second interface; 123, third interface; 124, fourth interface; 125, fifth interface; 131, first liquid storage; 132, second liquid storage; 141, first one-way valve; 142, second one-way valve; 143, third one-way valve; 144, fourth one-way valve; 20, first heat exchanger; 30, second heat exchanger; 40, first fan; 50, second fan; 60, flow pipeline; 70, return pipeline; 80, on-off valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application.
[0037] It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms indicating the direction or positional relationship of the terms "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present application, "a plurality of", "a plurality of levels" means at least two.
[0038] In addition, it should also be noted that, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application according to the specific circumstances.
[0039] Firstly, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a brief introduction is made to the magnetic heat pump system of the present application.
[0040] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, to address the problems of poor applicability, low cooling capacity, and small cooling temperature range in existing magnetic refrigeration systems, the magnetic heat pump system of this application includes: a magnetic refrigeration unit 10, a first heat exchanger 20, a second heat exchanger 30, a flow pipe 60, and a return pipe 70. The magnetic refrigeration unit 10 includes a magnetic refrigeration module and a heat storage device 12. The magnetic refrigeration module is sequentially arranged with multiple stages (…). Figure 1 In sections 11a, 11b, and 11c), each stage of the magnetic refrigeration module includes a magnetic field assembly 111, a regenerator 112, a pump body, and connecting pipes 114. Adjacent magnetic refrigeration modules are stacked on top of each other via heat accumulators 12. A first heat exchanger 20 is connected to the first stage of the multi-stage magnetic refrigeration module, and a second heat exchanger 30 is connected to the last stage of the multi-stage magnetic refrigeration module. A drain pipe 60 is configured one-to-one with each heat accumulator 12, with its first end connected to a heat accumulator 12 and its second end connected to one end of the second heat exchanger 30. A return pipe 70 is also configured one-to-one with each heat accumulator 12, with its first end connected to the other end of the second heat exchanger 30 and its second end connected to the heat accumulator 12.
[0041] It should be explained that, in this application, cascading refers to the overlap and heat exchange of at least part of the flow paths between adjacent magnetic refrigeration modules, as opposed to a continuous flow path from beginning to end. This cascading can be caused by the pipes of adjacent magnetic refrigeration modules nesting together, or by the pipes exchanging heat with each other, or by the refrigerants in the pipes entering the same cavity together for mixing and heat exchange, etc.
[0042] Taking the heating of a magnetic heat pump system as an example, during the operation of the magnetic heat pump system, a changing magnetic field is provided by the magnetic field component 111, and the regenerator 112 is filled with a magnetic thermal working fluid. When the heating demand is large, a magnetic field is applied to the regenerators 112 in the multi-stage magnetic refrigeration module, and the temperature of the magnetic thermal working fluid in the multiple regenerators 112 rises. At this time, the heat transfer medium of each stage of the magnetic refrigeration module is controlled to flow through the regenerator 112 of that stage, so that the heat of the magnetic thermal working fluid in the regenerator 112 can be extracted and transferred to the heat storage tank 12 for use by the next stage of the magnetic refrigeration module. Finally, after absorbing the heat in the regenerator 112 of the last stage of the magnetic refrigeration module, the heat transfer medium is transferred to the second heat exchanger 30, and heat is exchanged with the air in the target space through the second heat exchanger 30 to achieve heating of the target space. Then the magnetic field of the regenerator 112 is removed, and the temperature of the magnetothermal working medium in the regenerator 112 drops. At this time, the heat transfer medium of each stage of the magnetic refrigeration module is controlled to flow in the reverse direction through the regenerator 112 of that stage. The cold energy in the magnetothermal working medium in the regenerator 112 can be extracted and transported to the heat storage tank 12 for use by the next stage of the magnetic refrigeration module. Finally, after absorbing the cold energy in the regenerator 112 of the first stage of the magnetic refrigeration module, the heat transfer medium is transported to the first heat exchanger 20. Through the heat exchange between the first heat exchanger 20 and the air, heat is absorbed from the air, and thus one cycle ends.
[0043] When the heating capacity or temperature span requirement is small, only part of the magnetic refrigeration modules can be started to heat. For example, only the first stage magnetic refrigeration module is enabled, the magnetic field is applied to the regenerator 112 in the first stage magnetic refrigeration module, the temperature of the magnetic heat working substance in the regenerator 112 rises, and the heat conducting medium of the magnetic refrigeration module is controlled to flow through the regenerator 112, the heat of the magnetic heat working substance in the regenerator 112 can be taken out and transported into the heat accumulator 12, then the heat conducting medium in the heat accumulator 12 is directly transported to the second heat exchanger 30 through the flow guide circuit to exchange heat with the air of the target space, thereby achieving heating of the target space, and the heat conducting medium after heat exchange returns to the heat accumulator 12 through the return flow circuit 70. Then the magnetic field of the magnetic field assembly 111 is removed, the temperature of the magnetic heat working substance in the regenerator 112 drops, and the heat conducting medium of the first stage magnetic refrigeration module is controlled to flow in the opposite direction, so that the cold of the magnetic heat working substance in the regenerator 112 can be taken out and transported to the first heat exchanger 20, and heat is absorbed from the air through the first heat exchanger 20, thereby completing a cycle.
[0044] In this application, the heat conducting medium is not limited, which can be water, ethylene glycol, etc., and liquid metal can also be used for high temperature conditions.
[0045] The technical solution of the present application provides multiple stage magnetic refrigeration modules in the magnetic refrigeration unit 10, which can realize large temperature span regulation for a wider range of environmental temperatures, and can meet the refrigeration and heating requirements in different environments. Further, the adjacent magnetic refrigeration modules are connected through the heat accumulator 12 in a cascade manner, which can ensure the flow rate of the heat conducting medium between the regenerators 112, realize sufficient heat exchange between the heat conducting mediums of different stage magnetic refrigeration modules, and reduce the difficulty of selecting the pump body. Through the flow guide circuit 60 and the return flow circuit 70, the cold or heat of different magnetic refrigeration modules can be taken out separately, the magnetic heat pump system can work efficiently in multiple scenes, and heat loss of the heat conducting medium during transmission between different magnetic refrigeration modules can be avoided.
[0046] The following will be described in combination with Figures 1 to 2 A specific embodiment of the magnetic heat pump system of the present application will be described. It should be noted that in the following embodiments, the magnetic refrigeration module is only used as a general name of the module, and is not used to limit its specific working state. Those skilled in the art can understand that the magnetic refrigeration module has both the process of adding magnetic field to rise temperature and the process of removing magnetic field to drop temperature in a cycle, and whether the magnetic refrigeration module functions as refrigeration or heating depends on the setting position of the first heat exchanger 20 and the second heat exchanger 30, and is irrelevant to the name of the module. Therefore, in some embodiments, the magnetic refrigeration module can also be referred to as a magnetic heating module when it is used for heating. The naming of the magnetic refrigeration unit 10 is similar, and will not be described again.
[0047] As Figure 1 andFigure 2 As shown in the first embodiment, the magnetic heat pump system of the present application comprises a magnetic refrigeration unit 10, a first heat exchanger 20, a second heat exchanger 30, a flow leading pipe 60 and a flow returning pipe 70.
[0048] The magnetic refrigeration unit 10 comprises multiple-stage magnetic refrigeration modules, heat accumulators 12, liquid storage members and multiple valves arranged in sequence. More preferably, the magnetic refrigeration unit 10 of the present application comprises three-stage magnetic refrigeration modules 11a, 11b and 11c arranged in sequence, and one heat accumulator 12 is arranged between adjacent magnetic refrigeration modules. In other words, two heat accumulators 12 are arranged between the three magnetic refrigeration modules.
[0049] For each stage of the magnetic refrigeration module, it comprises a magnetic field assembly 111, a regenerator 112, a first circulating pump 1131, a second circulating pump 1132 and a connecting pipe 114. The regenerator 112 generally comprises an outer shell and a magnetic working medium arranged in the outer shell, and the magnetic working medium can be arranged in the form of multiple layers of microchannels or in the form of particle filling. Preferably, the magnetic field assembly 111 comprises a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a fixed magnet and a rotating magnet, the fixed magnet and the rotating magnet are both annular, the rotating magnet is arranged radially inside the fixed magnet, the driving mechanism can be a motor or a speed reducer, the transmission mechanism can be a transmission belt assembly, a transmission chain assembly or a gear set, etc., and the driving mechanism is connected with the rotating magnet through the transmission mechanism to drive the rotating magnet to rotate. In a possible embodiment, the fixed magnet and the rotating magnet are arranged in a nested Halbach magnet structure, when the driving mechanism drives the rotating magnet to rotate by a certain angle, the generated magnetic field can excite the magnetic working medium in the regenerator 112 to make the temperature of the magnetic working medium rise. When the driving mechanism drives the rotating magnet to continue to rotate by a certain angle, the generated magnetic field can demagnetize the magnetic working medium in the regenerator 112 to make the temperature of the magnetic working medium decrease.
[0050] The multiple magnetic heat working substances in the regenerators 112 are filled with multiple magnetic heat working substances, and the Curie temperatures of the multiple magnetic heat working substances are sequentially increased or sequentially decreased along the direction from one end of the regenerator 112 to the other end. Taking the application of the magnetic heat pump system in heating as an example, the Curie temperatures of the magnetic heat working substances in the regenerator 112 are sequentially increased along the flow direction of the heat conducting medium in the excitation process. On this basis, the magnetic heat working substances with different Curie temperatures are filled in each regenerator 112, and the Curie temperatures of these magnetic heat working substances can form a temperature range. Taking the application of the magnetic heat pump system in heating as an example, the temperature ranges corresponding to the regenerators 112 of the multiple-stage magnetic refrigeration modules are sequentially increased along the direction from the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a to the last-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11c. In this application, the sequentially increased temperature ranges formed by the Curie temperatures refer to the sequentially increased average values of the temperature ranges formed by the Curie temperatures. For example, the MnFeP(Si, Ge) system, Gd, and GdEr alloy can be used as the magnetic heat working substance in the temperature range of -35-20℃, the LaFeSiH alloy can be used as the magnetic heat working substance in the temperature range of 20-60℃, and LaCeFeCoSi and the like can be used as the magnetic heat working substance in the temperature range above 60℃. Of course, when the magnetic refrigeration system is applied in the refrigeration mode, the Curie temperatures of the magnetic heat working substances in the single regenerator 112 are sequentially decreased along the flow direction of the heat conducting medium in the demagnetization process, and the temperature ranges corresponding to the regenerators 112 of the multiple-stage magnetic refrigeration modules are sequentially decreased along the direction from the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a to the last-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11c.
[0051] In this application, each regenerator 112 has a first port 1121, a second port 1122, a third port 1123, and a fourth port 1124. The heat accumulator 12 is preferably a heat accumulator water tank, and the heat accumulator water tank forms a liquid mixing cavity. Each heat accumulator 12 has a first interface 121, a second interface 122, a third interface 123, a fourth interface 124, and a fifth interface 125. In adjacent magnetic refrigeration modules, the second port 1122 of the regenerator 112 at the upper level is in communication with the first interface 121 of the heat accumulator 12, and the connecting pipeline 114 extends into the heat accumulator 12 through the first interface 121 and extends to the bottom of the heat accumulator 12; the third port 1123 of the regenerator 112 at the upper level is in communication with the third interface 123 of the heat accumulator 12, and the first port 1121 of the regenerator 112 at the lower level is in communication with the second interface 122 of the heat accumulator 12, and the connecting pipeline 114 extends into the heat accumulator 12 through the second interface 122 and extends to the top of the heat accumulator 12; and the fourth port 1124 of the regenerator 112 at the lower level is in communication with the fourth interface 124 of the heat accumulator 12.
[0052] The liquid storage member is provided with two, respectively first liquid storage member 131 and second liquid storage member 132, preferably water tank. The first circulating pump 1131 is communicated with the first port 1121 of the regenerator 112, the inlet of the first circulating pump 1131 is communicated with the second interface 122 of the heat accumulator 12 except the first stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a, the inlet of the first circulating pump 1131 is communicated with the first liquid storage member 131 in the first stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a. The second circulating pump 1132 is communicated with the third port 1123 of the regenerator 112, the inlet of the second circulating pump 1132 is communicated with the third interface 123 of the heat accumulator 12 except the last stage magnetic refrigeration module 11c, the inlet of the second circulating pump 1132 is communicated with the second liquid storage member 132 in the last stage magnetic refrigeration module 11c.
[0053] The first heat exchanger 20 and the second heat exchanger 30 are both fin heat exchangers in the embodiment, and the first heat exchanger 20 and the second heat exchanger 30 are respectively configured with the first fan 40 and the second fan 50 to realize the heat exchange of the heat conducting medium in the first heat exchanger 20 and the second heat exchanger 30. The first heat exchanger 20 is arranged between the fourth port 1124 of the regenerator 112 and the first liquid storage member 131 in the first stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a, and the second heat exchanger 30 is arranged between the second port 1122 and the second liquid storage member 132 in the last stage magnetic refrigeration module 11c. More preferably, the first heat exchanger 20, the multi-stage magnetic refrigeration module and the second heat exchanger 30 are connected by metal pipelines in the application.
[0054] The valve body includes a first one-way valve 141, a second one-way valve 142, a third one-way valve 143 and a fourth one-way valve 144 in the present application. For any magnetic refrigeration module, the above four valve bodies are included, wherein the first one-way valve 141 is arranged on the connecting pipeline 114 at the first port 1121 of the regenerator 112, specifically between the first circulating pump 1131 and the first port 1121 of the regenerator 112, and the first one-way valve 141 is configured to be conductive when the heat conducting medium flows from the first circulating pump 1131 to the first port 1121. The second one-way valve 142 is arranged on the connecting pipeline 114 at the second port 1122 of the regenerator 112, specifically between the first interface 121 of the heat accumulator 12 and the second port 1122 of the regenerator 112, or between the second heat exchanger 30 and the second port 1122 of the regenerator 112 in the last stage magnetic refrigeration module 11c, and the second one-way valve 142 is configured to be conductive when the heat conducting medium flows from the second port 1122 of the regenerator 112 to the first interface 121 of the heat accumulator 12 or to the second heat exchanger 30. The third one-way valve 143 is arranged on the connecting pipeline 114 at the third port 1123 of the regenerator 112, specifically between the second circulating pump 1132 and the third port 1123 of the regenerator 112, and the third one-way valve 143 is configured to be conductive when the heat conducting medium flows from the second circulating pump 1132 to the third port 1123 of the regenerator 112. The fourth one-way valve 144 is arranged on the connecting pipeline 114 at the fourth port 1124 of the regenerator 112, specifically between the fourth interface 124 of the heat accumulator 12 and the fourth port 1124 of the regenerator 112, or between the first heat exchanger 20 and the fourth port 1124 of the regenerator 112 in the first stage magnetic refrigeration module, and the fourth one-way valve 144 is configured to be conductive when the heat conducting medium flows from the fourth port 1124 of the regenerator 112 to the fourth interface 124 of the heat accumulator 12 or to the first heat exchanger 20.
[0055] The drainage pipeline 60 and the return pipeline 70 are provided with two in the present application, and one drainage pipeline 60 and one return pipeline 70 correspond to each heat accumulator 12. Wherein the first end of the drainage pipeline 60 is in communication with the outlet of the first circulating pump 1131 connected with the second interface 122 of the corresponding heat accumulator 12, and the second end is in communication with one end of the second heat exchanger 30. The first end of the return pipeline 70 is in communication with the other end of the second heat exchanger 30, and the second end of the return pipeline 70 is in communication with the corresponding fifth interface 125. For example, the first end of one of the drainage pipelines 60 is in communication with the outlet of the first circulating pump 1131 in the second stage magnetic refrigeration module 11b, and the second end is in communication with the upper port (the direction shown) of the second heat exchanger 30. The first end of the return pipeline 70 matched with the drainage pipeline 60 is in communication with the lower port (the direction shown) of the second heat exchanger 30. Figure 1 Figure 1 The first end of the flow pipe 60 is connected with the first circulating pump 1131 in the first magnetic refrigeration module 11a, and the second end is connected with the fifth interface 125 of the regenerator 12 in the second magnetic refrigeration module 11b. The first end of the return pipe 70 matched with the flow pipe 60 is connected with the lower port of the second heat exchanger 30, and the second end is connected with the fifth interface 125 of the regenerator 12 in the third magnetic refrigeration module 11c.
[0056] Further, the on-off valve 80 is arranged on each flow pipe 60, and the on-off valve 80 is preferably an electromagnetic valve.
[0057] The working principle of the magnetic heat pump system of the present application will be described below.
[0058] Taking the heating work of the magnetic heat pump system as an example, in a possible implementation process, when the heating demand is large, the magnetic field assembly 111 of the first magnetic refrigeration module 11a, the second magnetic refrigeration module 11b and the third magnetic refrigeration module 11c is controlled to act, so that all the rotating magnets rotate a specific angle, at this time the magnetic field assembly 111 generates a magnetic field to excite the magnetic heat working medium in the respective regenerator 112. Then, the three first circulating pumps 1131 in the three magnetic refrigeration modules are controlled to be opened, and the three second circulating pumps 1132 and the two on-off valves 80 in the three magnetic refrigeration modules are controlled to be closed. At this time, the heat conducting medium in the three-stage magnetic refrigeration module flows synchronously. Specifically, the heat conducting medium in the first liquid storage 131 is heated after passing through the regenerator 112 in the first magnetic refrigeration module 11a, and flows into the regenerator 12 between the first magnetic refrigeration module 11a and the second magnetic refrigeration module 11b to heat the heat conducting medium in the regenerator 12. At the same time, the heat conducting medium in the regenerator 12 between the first magnetic refrigeration module 11a and the second magnetic refrigeration module 11b is pumped into the regenerator 112 in the second magnetic refrigeration module 11b to heat and rise in temperature, and flows into the regenerator 12 between the second magnetic refrigeration module 11b and the third magnetic refrigeration module 11c to heat the heat conducting medium in the regenerator 12. At the same time, the heat conducting medium in the regenerator 12 between the second magnetic refrigeration module 11b and the third magnetic refrigeration module 11c is pumped into the regenerator 112 of the third magnetic refrigeration module 11c to heat and rise in temperature, enters the second heat exchanger 30, and after heat exchange with the air in the target space under the action of the second fan 50, finally flows into the second liquid storage 132.
[0059] Next, the magnetic field assembly 111 of the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a, the second-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11b and the third-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11c continues to act, so that all the rotating magnets continue to rotate a specific angle, at this time the magnetic field assembly 111 generates a magnetic field to demagnetize the magnetic working medium in the respective regenerators 112. Then, the three second circulating pumps 1132 in the three magnetic refrigeration modules are opened, and the three first circulating pumps 11311 and the two on-off valves 80 in the three magnetic refrigeration modules are closed. At this time, the heat-conducting medium in the three-stage magnetic refrigeration module flows synchronously. Specifically, the heat-conducting medium in the second storage 132 is cooled after passing through the regenerator 112 in the third-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11c, and flows into the heat accumulator 12 between the second-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11b and the third-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11c to cool the heat-conducting medium in the heat accumulator 12. At the same time, the heat-conducting medium in the heat accumulator 12 between the second-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11b and the third-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11c is pumped into the regenerator 112 in the second-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11b to cool and cool, and flows into the heat accumulator 12 between the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a and the second-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11b to cool the heat-conducting medium in the heat accumulator 12. At the same time, the heat-conducting medium in the heat accumulator 12 between the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a and the second-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11b is pumped into the regenerator 112 of the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a to cool and cool, enters the first heat exchanger 20, and exchanges heat with the air under the action of the first fan 40, and finally flows into the first storage 131. This cycle continues.
[0060] When the heating capacity or temperature span requirement is small, one or two groups of the third-stage magnetic refrigeration modules are selected according to the specific heating capacity requirement. Taking the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a as an example, only the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a is controlled to act, so that the rotating magnet of the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a rotates by a specific angle, at which time the magnetic field assembly 111 generates a magnetic field to excite the magnetocaloric working substance in the regenerator 112 of the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a. Then, the first circulating pump 1131 in the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a and the first circulating pump 1131 in the second-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11b are controlled to be turned on, the on-off valve 80 on the flow guide pipeline 60 communicating with the first circulating pump 1131 of the second-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11b is controlled to be opened, and the first circulating pump 1131 in the last-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11c, the three second circulating pumps 1132 in the three magnetic refrigeration modules, and the other on-off valve 80 are controlled to be turned off. At this time, only the heat-conducting medium in the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a flows and exchanges heat. Specifically, the heat-conducting medium in the first liquid storage 131 is heated after passing through the regenerator 112 in the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a, and flows into the heat accumulator 12 between the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a and the second-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11b to heat the heat-conducting medium in the heat accumulator 12. Then, under the driving of the first circulating pump 1131 of the second-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11b, the heat-conducting medium in the heat accumulator 12 enters the second heat exchanger 30 through the flow guide pipeline 60, exchanges heat with the air in the target space under the action of the second fan 50, and then flows back to the heat accumulator 12 through the backflow pipeline 70.
[0061] Next, the magnetic field assembly 111 of the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a is controlled to continue to act, so that the rotating magnet continues to rotate by a specific angle, at which time the magnetic field assembly 111 generates a magnetic field to demagnetize the magnetocaloric working substance in the regenerator 112 of the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a. Then, the second circulating pump 1132 in the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a is controlled to be turned on, the two second circulating pumps 1132 in the other two-stage magnetic refrigeration modules and the three first circulating pumps 1131 and two on-off valves 80 in the three magnetic refrigeration modules are controlled to be turned off. At this time, only the heat-conducting medium in the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a flows and exchanges heat. Specifically, the heat-conducting medium in the heat accumulator 12 between the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a and the second-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11b is pumped into the regenerator 112 of the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a to be cooled and cooled down, enters the first heat exchanger 20, exchanges heat with the air under the action of the first fan 40, and finally flows into the first liquid storage 131. This cycle is repeated.
[0062] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above is described in combination with the heating operation of the magnetic heat pump system. For the refrigeration working condition, the second heat exchanger 30 and the first heat exchanger 20 are opposite in function, and only need to set the first heat exchanger 20 in the target space, set the second heat exchanger 30 outdoors, and then communicate the flow leading pipe 60 and the flow return pipe 70 with the first heat exchanger 20, which will not be described herein. Alternatively, the flow direction of the pump body in the excitation and demagnetization processes can also be changed, for example, in the excitation process, the second circulating pump 1132 is controlled to be turned on, and in the demagnetization process, the first circulating pump 1131 is controlled to be turned on. In addition, the above embodiment is described by taking the example of only turning on the first magnetic refrigeration module 11a, which is only exemplary, and other opening modes have similar principles, which will not be described herein.
[0063] The above setting mode can form two independent medium flow paths by setting four ports on the regenerator 112 and four interfaces on the heat accumulator 12, which is beneficial to the independent unidirectional flow of the heat conducting medium in the excitation heat extraction and demagnetization cooling processes of each stage of the magnetic refrigeration module, so that the heat conducting medium presents a pulse flow in the pipe, thereby reducing the flow dead zone. Moreover, the above setting mode of the present application is also beneficial to avoiding the energy loss caused by the mutual offset of heat when the heat conducting medium reciprocates in the same flow path in the excitation heat extraction and demagnetization cooling processes, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency of the system. The setting of the unidirectional valve can realize the flow direction control of the heat conducting medium and improve the energy efficiency of the system. By sequentially increasing or decreasing the Curie temperatures of the multiple magnetic heat working substances in the regenerator 112, it is beneficial to improve the temperature range applicable to the regenerator 112 and improve the heat exchange effect of the regenerator 112. By sequentially increasing or decreasing the temperature range formed by the Curie temperatures of the single magnetic heat working substance or the multiple magnetic heat working substances in the regenerator 112 of the multiple-stage magnetic refrigeration module from the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module to the last-stage magnetic refrigeration module, the large temperature span between the magnetic refrigeration modules can be improved, and the energy efficiency of the system can be improved. By extending the connection pipe 114 of the first port 1121 into the bottom of the heat accumulator 12 and extending the connection pipe 114 of the second port 1122 into the top of the heat accumulator 12, the heat exchange of the heat exchange medium in the heat accumulator 12 can be realized.
[0064] It should be noted that the above preferred embodiment is only used to illustrate the principle of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art can adjust the above setting mode without departing from the principle of the present application, so that the present application can be applied to more specific application scenarios.
[0065] For example, in an alternative embodiment, although the above embodiment is introduced in combination with the adjacent magnetic refrigeration modules achieving cascade through the heat accumulator 12, the cascade mode between the adjacent magnetic refrigeration modules is not unique, and those skilled in the art can adjust it. For example, the heat accumulator 12 can also be set as a plate heat exchanger, and the two flow paths of the plate heat exchanger which exchange heat with each other are respectively communicated with the adjacent two magnetic refrigeration modules; similarly, the heat accumulator 12 can also be set as a double-pipe heat exchanger or a regenerative heat exchanger. Furthermore, in addition to the heat storage tank, the heat accumulator 12 can also be set as a water tank, and the upper end of the water tank is an open or partially open structure.
[0066] For example, in another alternative embodiment, although the above embodiment is introduced in combination with the regenerator 112 having four ports, this is only a more preferred embodiment, and those skilled in the art can adjust the above embodiment. For example, the regenerator 112 can also be provided with only two ports, and of course the above alternative will affect the energy efficiency of the system.
[0067] For example, in another alternative embodiment, although the above embodiment is introduced in combination with the fin heat exchanger, the specific form of the second heat exchanger 30 and the first heat exchanger 20 is not unique, and those skilled in the art can adjust it based on the application scenario. For example, one or all of them can also be replaced by a plate heat exchanger, etc.
[0068] For example, in another alternative embodiment, although the above embodiment is introduced in combination with the first heat exchanger 20 being arranged between the fourth port 1124 of the regenerator 112 in the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a and the first liquid storage 131, and the second heat exchanger 30 being arranged between the second port 1122 of the last-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11c and the second liquid storage 132, the specific arrangement positions of the two are not fixed. In other embodiments, the first heat exchanger 20 can also be arranged between the first liquid storage 131 and the first circulating pump 1131, or between the first circulating pump 1131 and the first port 1121 of the regenerator 112 of the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11a, etc. Similarly, the second heat exchanger 30 can also be arranged between the second liquid storage 132 and the second circulating pump 1132, or between the second circulating pump 1132 and the third port 1123 of the third-stage magnetic refrigeration module 11c, etc.
[0069] For example, in another alternative embodiment, although the above embodiment is introduced in combination with the one-way valve, this is only a feasible embodiment, and in other embodiments, those skilled in the art can replace the one-way valve, such as replacing part or all of the one-way valve with an electrically controlled on-off valve 80, such as a solenoid valve, an electrically controlled butterfly valve, an electrically controlled hydraulic valve, etc.
[0070] For another example, although the above embodiment is described by taking the example of the magnetic refrigeration unit 10 including three-stage magnetic refrigeration modules, this is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. In other embodiments, the number of magnetic refrigeration modules can be adjusted by those skilled in the art, for example, the number of magnetic refrigeration modules can also be two-stage, four-stage or more.
[0071] For another example, although the above embodiment is described by taking the example of the connection between the first heat exchanger 20, the multi-stage magnetic refrigeration modules and the second heat exchanger 30 through the metal pipeline, this is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. In another preferred embodiment, the connecting pipeline 114 can be replaced by a traditional loop heat pipe by those skilled in the art. When the loop heat pipe is adopted, the loop heat pipe includes a condensation section, an evaporation section and two transition sections. Taking the example of the magnetic heat pump system for heating, the condensation section corresponds to the pipeline where the second heat exchanger 30 is located, the evaporation section corresponds to the pipeline where the magnetic refrigeration unit 10 and the first heat exchanger 20 are located, and the two transition sections correspond to the pipelines where the magnetic refrigeration unit 10 and the second heat exchanger 30 are connected at both ends. The pipeline usually represents the on-line pipe in the split magnetic heat pump. Conversely, taking the example of the magnetic heat pump system for refrigeration, the evaporation section corresponds to the pipeline where the first heat exchanger 20 is located, the condensation section corresponds to the pipeline where the magnetic refrigeration unit 10 and the second heat exchanger 30 are located, and the two transition sections correspond to the pipelines where the magnetic refrigeration unit 10 and the first heat exchanger 20 are connected at both ends. The pipeline usually represents the on-line pipe in the split magnetic heat pump. The above replacement mode, which adopts the loop heat pipe to connect the first heat exchanger 20, the multi-stage magnetic refrigeration modules and the second heat exchanger 30, can significantly improve the heat exchange efficiency and reduce the energy consumption.
[0072] For another example, although the above embodiment is described by taking the example of the single regenerator 112 filled with magnetic heat working substances with successively increasing or decreasing Curie temperatures, and the temperature range corresponding to the multi-stage magnetic refrigeration modules successively increases or decreases, this is merely a preferred embodiment and can be flexibly adjusted by those skilled in the art based on specific needs. For example, each regenerator 112 is filled with only one kind of magnetic heat working substance, but the Curie temperatures corresponding to the plurality of regenerators 112 successively increase or decrease, etc.
[0073] For another example, in another alternative embodiment, the on-off valve 80 on the flow pipeline 60 can also be an electric butterfly valve or an electric hydraulic valve, etc. in addition to the electromagnetic valve. In addition, in addition to the on-off valve 80, other valves can also be provided to realize the flow path switching of the heat conducting medium. For example, a three-way valve corresponding to the flow pipeline 60 can be provided, and the three interfaces of each three-way valve are respectively communicated with the first end of the flow pipeline 60, the outlet of the first circulating pump 1131 and the third port 1123 of the regenerator 112 corresponding to the first circulating pump 1131.
[0074] For example, the first end of the drain line 60 is connected to the outlet of the corresponding first circulating pump 1131, but this is only a preferred embodiment, which can not only save the number of circulating pumps, but also reduce the number of interfaces of the heat accumulator 12. Of course, those skilled in the art can also adjust the above setting mode, for example, the first end of the drain line 60 is directly connected to the heat accumulator 12, and a related pump body is arranged on the drain line 60.
[0075] Of course, the above alternative embodiments can also be used in cross cooperation between the alternative embodiments and between the alternative embodiments and the preferred embodiments, so as to combine new embodiments to be suitable for more specific application scenarios.
[0076] Those skilled in the art can understand that, although some embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments rather than other features, the combination of features of different embodiments means to be within the scope of the present application and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims of the present application, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.
[0077] So far, the technical solution of the present application has been described in combination with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but those skilled in the art can easily understand that the protection scope of the present application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or replacements to the related technical features without departing from the principles of the present application, and the technical solutions after the changes or replacements will fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A magnetic heat pump system, characterized in that, include: A magnetic refrigeration unit includes a magnetic refrigeration module and a heat storage device. The magnetic refrigeration module is arranged in multiple stages. Each stage of the magnetic refrigeration module includes a magnetic field component, a regenerator, a pump body, and connecting pipes. Adjacent magnetic refrigeration modules are stacked on top of each other through heat storage devices. The first heat exchanger is connected to the first stage magnetic refrigeration module in the multi-stage magnetic refrigeration module; The second heat exchanger is connected to the last stage of the multi-stage magnetic refrigeration module; The drainage pipes are configured one-to-one with the heat accumulators. The first end of the drainage pipe is connected to the heat accumulator, and the second end of the drainage pipe is connected to one end of the second heat exchanger. A return pipe is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the heat accumulator. The first end of the return pipe is connected to the other end of the second heat exchanger, and the second end of the return pipe is connected to the heat accumulator.
2. The magnetic heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The regenerator has a first port and a second port, and the heat storage unit has a first interface and a second interface. In the adjacent magnetic refrigeration modules, the second port of the upper-level regenerator is connected to the first interface of the heat storage unit, and the first port of the lower-level regenerator is connected to the second interface of the heat storage unit.
3. The magnetic heat pump system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The regenerator also has a third port and a fourth port, and the heat storage unit also has a third interface and a fourth interface. In the adjacent magnetic refrigeration modules, the third port of the upper-level regenerator is connected to the third interface of the heat storage unit, and the fourth port of the lower-level regenerator is connected to the fourth interface of the heat storage unit.
4. The magnetic heat pump system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pump body includes a first circulation pump and a second circulation pump. The magnetic refrigeration unit also includes a first liquid storage device and a second liquid storage device. The discharge port of the first circulation pump is connected to the first port of the regenerator. Except for the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module, the inlet of the first circulation pump is connected to the second interface of the heat storage device. The discharge port of the second circulation pump is connected to the third port of the regenerator. Except for the last-stage magnetic refrigeration module, the inlet of the second circulation pump is connected to the third interface of the heat storage device. The first liquid storage device is disposed between the fourth port of the regenerator in the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module and the inlet of the first circulation pump. The second liquid storage device is disposed between the second port of the regenerator in the last-stage magnetic refrigeration module and the inlet of the second circulation pump.
5. The magnetic heat pump system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first end of the drainage pipe is connected to the outlet of the first circulation pump, which is connected to the second interface of the corresponding heat accumulator. The heat accumulator also has a fifth interface, and the second end of the return pipe is connected to the corresponding fifth interface.
6. The magnetic heat pump system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first heat exchanger is disposed between the fourth port of the regenerator in the first-stage magnetic refrigeration module and the first liquid storage device, and the second heat exchanger is disposed between the second port and the second liquid storage device in the last-stage magnetic refrigeration module.
7. The magnetic heat pump system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drainage pipeline is equipped with an on / off valve; or The magnetic heat pump system also includes a three-way valve, which is configured to correspond one-to-one with the drainage pipeline. The three ports of the three-way valve are respectively connected to the first end of the drainage pipeline, the outlet of the first circulation pump, and the third port of the regenerator corresponding to the first circulation pump.
8. The magnetic heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat storage device is a hot water storage tank, which forms a liquid mixing chamber; or The heat accumulator is a plate heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, or a regenerative heat exchanger.
9. The magnetic heat pump system according to claim 3, characterized in that, A one-way valve or an electrically controlled on / off valve is provided at the first port of the regenerator, wherein the one-way valve is configured to open when the heat transfer medium flows into the regenerator from the first port; and / or A one-way valve or an electrically controlled on / off valve is provided at the second port of the regenerator, wherein the one-way valve is configured to open when the heat transfer medium flows out of the regenerator from the second port; and / or A one-way valve or an electrically controlled on / off valve is provided at the third port of the regenerator, wherein the one-way valve is configured to open when the heat transfer medium flows into the regenerator from the third port; and / or A one-way valve or an electrically controlled on / off valve is provided at the fourth port of the regenerator, wherein the one-way valve is configured to open when the heat transfer medium flows out of the regenerator from the fourth port.
10. The magnetic heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic refrigeration unit includes three sequentially arranged magnetic refrigeration modules; and / or The regenerator is filled with a variety of magnetocaloric working fluids, and the Curie temperatures of these fluids increase or decrease sequentially along the direction from one end of the regenerator to the other; and / or The temperature range formed by the Curie temperature of a single magnetocalor or multiple magnetocalors filled in the regenerator of the multi-stage magnetic refrigeration module increases or decreases sequentially along the direction from the first stage magnetic refrigeration module to the last stage magnetic refrigeration module.