Simulation test device for realizing stress and deformation of tunnel lining

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering model tests, and particularly relates to a simulation test device for realizing stress and deformation of a tunnel lining, which comprises a fixed frame, a sealing plate, a sample, an observation part, a force application mechanism and a force application mechanism fixing assembly. The force application mechanism can be flexibly positioned on the inner wall of the fixed frame through a slide way, the movable end of the force application mechanism is in contact with a sample through an elastic telescopic arm assembly, and an elastic liquid bag drives the force application mechanism to apply an adjustable load; the observation part is arranged in the sample through a sliding bracket and is used for monitoring deformation. According to the device, through a multi-point independent controllable loading mode, accurate simulation of stress and deformation characteristics of the tunnel lining under non-uniform load is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering model test, and particularly relates to a simulation test device for realizing stress and deformation of tunnel lining. BACKGROUND

[0002] After tunnel excavation, the original balance of the stratum around the tunnel is destroyed, causing deformation or collapse of the tunnel. In order to protect the stability of the surrounding rock and ensure driving safety, the tunnel must have a support structure with sufficient strength.

[0003] Due to the specific occurrence environment of the tunnel surrounding rock of different projects and the tectonic effect, the mechanical properties thereof present high complexity, and the stress and deformation of the lining supporting the tunnel surrounding rock need to be simulated and researched through model test.

[0004] The tunnel lining simulation test device can be used to carry out test research on the stress and deformation law of the tunnel lining under different working conditions, including test research on the stress state and stress distribution of the surrounding rock, test research on the reinforcement effect of the tunnel surrounding rock support, and test research on the multi-scale disaster evolution mechanism of the tunnel rock collapse.

[0005] The sample shape of the existing tunnel lining simulation test device is often fixed, while the tunnel cross-sectional shape is various, so it is difficult to match the test data with the actual tunnel shape, resulting in data deviation. In addition, the lateral force applied to each point of the sample side wall of the existing test device is usually the same value, which does not conform to the actual situation of the tunnel, and it is difficult to truly simulate the geological environment of the tunnel by adjusting the force degree of different regions of the sample side wall.

[0006] Therefore, a simulation test device for realizing stress and deformation of tunnel lining is urgently needed to solve the problem. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide a simulation test device for realizing stress and deformation of tunnel lining to solve the above problems.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following scheme: A simulation test device for realizing stress and deformation of tunnel lining, comprising: A fixed frame, the fixed frame is fixed with a sealing plate in front and back, and a sample is placed in the space formed by the fixed frame and the sealing plate; An observation part is arranged in the sample, and the observation part is in sliding connection with the fixed frame; A plurality of movable ends of force applying mechanisms are arranged around the side of the sample, and the fixed ends of the force applying mechanisms are slidingly arranged on the inner wall of the fixed frame; The inner wall of the fixed frame is further provided with a force applying mechanism fixing assembly, and after the fixed end of the force applying mechanism moves to a set position, the fixed end of the force applying mechanism is fixed with the inner wall of the fixed frame through the force applying mechanism fixing assembly.

[0009] Optionally, the observation part comprises a camera, and the camera is slidably arranged with the fixed frame and arranged in the middle of the inside of the sample.

[0010] Optionally, one end of the camera is fixedly connected with one end of a sliding support, and the other end of the sliding support is slidably arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame. The sliding support is a U-shaped structure. One end of the camera fixed with the sliding support penetrates through the corresponding sealing plate.

[0011] Optionally, a slide is arranged in the inside of the fixed frame, and the fixed end of the force applying mechanism is slidably arranged in the slide.

[0012] Optionally, the force applying mechanism comprises: a force applying block, which is in contact with the side wall of the sample; two elastic telescopic arm assemblies, which are symmetrically arranged on the force applying block, and one end of the elastic telescopic arm assembly is hingedly connected with the force applying block; the other end of the elastic telescopic arm assembly is hingedly connected with a sliding hinge seat; a force applying cavity is formed between the two elastic telescopic arm assemblies and the sealing plate, an elastic liquid bag is arranged in the force applying cavity, a sliding electromagnetic valve is communicated with the elastic liquid bag, and the sliding electromagnetic valve and the sliding hinge seat are slidably arranged in the slide. After the sliding electromagnetic valve and the sliding hinge seat move to a designated position, the sliding electromagnetic valve and the sliding hinge seat are fixed through the force applying mechanism fixing assembly.

[0013] Optionally, the elastic telescopic arm assembly comprises: a first wall surface, one end of the first wall surface is hingedly connected with the sliding hinge seat, the other end of the first wall surface is slidably and limitingly matched with one end of an extension, the other end of the extension is slidably and limitingly matched with one end of a third wall surface, and the other end of the third wall surface is hingedly connected with the force applying block.

[0014] Optionally, the extension comprises a plurality of second wall surfaces which are sequentially limitingly and slidably matched, the second wall surface at the top is slidably and limitingly matched with the first wall surface, and the second wall surface at the bottom is slidably and limitingly matched with the third wall surface.

[0015] Optionally, a sliding cavity is arranged in the first wall surface, the second wall surface and the third wall surface, and the second wall surface is slidably connected with the first wall surface through the sliding cavity; The second wall surfaces are slidably connected with each other through the sliding cavities; The second wall surfaces are slidably connected with the third wall surface through the sliding cavities; The sliding cavity is provided with a limiting part, and the limiting part comprises a limiting protrusion and a limiting ring in limiting cooperation; The limiting ring is fixed to the outer wall of the second wall surface or the third wall surface; The limiting protrusion is fixed to the inner wall of the sliding cavity.

[0016] Optionally, the force applying mechanism fixing assembly comprises a plurality of telescopic rods arranged in sequence along the slide, the fixed end of the telescopic rod is fixed to the fixed frame, the fixed end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a first conductive contact piece, the first conductive contact piece is electrically connected with a second conductive contact piece, and the second conductive contact piece is fixed to the sliding hinge seat or the sliding electromagnetic valve; When the first conductive contact piece is in contact with the second conductive contact piece, the power supply circuit of the telescopic rod and the power supply form a communication loop, and the telescopic rod is limited in cooperation with the sliding hinge seat or the sliding electromagnetic valve.

[0017] Optionally, the sliding hinge seat and the sliding electromagnetic valve are both provided with a clamping groove, and the movable end of the telescopic rod is inserted into the clamping groove, so that the fixed end of the telescopic rod is limited in cooperation with the sliding hinge seat or the sliding electromagnetic valve.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and technical effects: The device effectively overcomes the limitations of the existing test device, such as fixed sample shape, single loading mode and difficulty in simulating the real complex stress environment of the tunnel. Through the multiple independent force applying mechanisms which can be flexibly moved along the slide and locked, non-uniform load with adjustable size and direction is applied to different areas of the sample side wall, and the stress state of the tunnel under actual complex geological conditions is accurately simulated. Combined with the observation part which can slide into the sample, deformation data of the lining under non-uniform load can be obtained with high precision. The transmission mode of the elastic liquid bag driving combined with the multi-stage elastic telescopic arm ensures the uniformity and stability of load transmission, and adapts to different lining curvatures, significantly improving the authenticity of the test and the reliability of the data, and providing a powerful test means for the design optimization and safety evaluation of the tunnel lining structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor. Figure 1 Structure schematic view of the present application; Figure 2 Left view of the structure of the present application; Figure 3 Structure schematic view of the force applying mechanism of the present application; Figure 4 Structure schematic view of the present application Figure 3 Partial enlarged view of A in the present application; Figure 5 Partial enlarged view of B in the present application Figure 3 Wherein, 1, fixed frame; 2, force applying mechanism fixing assembly; 3, slide; 4, force applying mechanism; 5, sample; 6, camera; 7, sliding support; 201, telescopic rod; 202, first conductive contact; 401, sliding hinge seat; 402, sliding electromagnetic valve; 403, first wall surface; 404, second wall surface; 405, third wall surface; 406, force applying block; 407, elastic liquid bag; 408, clamping groove; 409, second conductive contact; 410, limiting ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] With reference to Figures 1 to 5 , the present application discloses a simulation test device for realizing stress and deformation of tunnel lining, comprising: A fixed frame 1, the fixed frame 1 is fixed with a sealing plate in front and back, and a sample 5 is placed in the space formed by the fixed frame 1 and the sealing plate; An observation part, which is arranged in the sample 5 and is in sliding connection with the fixed frame 1; A plurality of movable ends of force applying mechanisms 4 are arranged around the periphery of the sample 5, and the fixed ends of the force applying mechanisms 4 are slidingly arranged on the inner wall of the fixed frame 1; ​The inner wall of the fixed frame 1 is further provided with a force applying mechanism fixing assembly 2, and after the fixed end of the force applying mechanism 4 is moved to a set position, the fixed end of the force applying mechanism 4 is fixed with the inner wall of the fixed frame 1 through the force applying mechanism fixing assembly 2.

[0023] In use, the sample 5 is placed inside the fixed frame 1, and the movable end of the force applying mechanism 4 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the sample 5, and the fixed mode is preferably adhesive, and after the movable ends of the plurality of force applying mechanisms 4 are arranged around the sample 5 and fixed with the sample 5, the sample 5 is supported in the fixed frame 1 through the plurality of force applying mechanisms 4, and each force applying mechanism 4 can be used as a separate force applying point to apply force to the side wall of the sample 5, and the plurality of force applying mechanisms 4 are arranged around the sample 5 to simulate the working condition of the circumferential stress of the tunnel under real conditions, and the force applying mechanism 4 can apply pressure of a preset angle and size to the force applying point, and the inner wall of the sample 5 deforms under the action of the force, and the observation part is arranged inside the sample 5 to record the deformation of the sample 5 before and after the force is applied, and through the simulation of the working condition of the tunnel environment and the acquisition of the deformation of the sample 5 under the condition, analysis data is obtained.

[0024] As an optional implementation, the observation part includes a camera 6, and the camera 6 is slidingly arranged with the fixed frame 1, and the camera 6 is arranged at the middle part inside the sample 5.

[0025] The camera 6 is a laser camera capable of 360° surrounding shooting, which can form a laser dot cloud image of the inside of the sample 5, facilitating comparison of the force and displacement of each point of the sample 5.

[0026] The camera 6 is slidingly arranged on the fixed frame 1 and located at the middle part inside the sample 5. Before the sample 5 is loaded by the force applying mechanism 4, the camera 6 scans 360° on the inner wall of the sample to obtain an initial laser dot cloud image. After the force is applied, the camera 6 scans again to obtain a deformed dot cloud image. By comparing the two sets of dot cloud images before and after the force is applied, the three-dimensional displacement of each point of the inner wall of the sample 5 can be accurately calculated, so that the deformation effect caused by the loading of each force applying mechanism 4 can be clearly and quantitatively analyzed.

[0027] As an optional implementation, one end of the camera 6 is fixedly connected with one end of a sliding bracket 7, and the other end of the sliding bracket 7 is slidingly arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame 1. The sliding bracket 7 is a U-shaped structure. One end of the sliding bracket 7, on which the camera 6 is fixed, penetrates through a corresponding sealing plate.

[0028] Through the sliding of the sliding bracket 7 at the bottom of the fixed frame 1, the camera 6 fixedly connected with one end thereof can be accurately and stably positioned at the middle part inside the sample 5 from the outside. The U-shaped bracket ensures the stability of the camera scanning, and the design of the penetrating sealing plate makes the camera arrangement and removal operation more convenient and safe.

[0029] As an optional implementation, a slide 3 is arranged on the inner side of the fixed frame 1, and the fixed end of the force applying mechanism 4 is slidingly arranged in the slide 3.

[0030] As an optional implementation, the force applying mechanism 4 comprises: The force applying block 406 is in contact with the side wall of the sample 5. Two elastic telescopic arm assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the force applying block 406, and one end of the elastic telescopic arm assembly is hinged to the force applying block 406. The other end of the elastic telescopic arm assembly is hinged to the sliding hinge seat 401. The force applying cavity is formed between the two elastic telescopic arm assemblies and the sealing plate, and the elastic liquid bag 407 is arranged in the force applying cavity. The elastic liquid bag 407 is communicated with the sliding electromagnetic valve 402, and the sliding electromagnetic valve 402 and the sliding hinge seat 401 are slidingly arranged in the slide 3. After the sliding electromagnetic valve 402 and the sliding hinge seat 401 are moved to the designated position, the sliding electromagnetic valve 402 and the sliding hinge seat 401 are fixed by the force applying mechanism fixing assembly 2.

[0031] As an optional implementation, the elastic telescopic arm assembly comprises: The first wall surface 403 is hinged to one end of the sliding hinge seat 401, and the other end of the first wall surface 403 is slidingly and limitingly matched with one end of the extension, and the other end of the extension is slidingly and limitingly matched with one end of the third wall surface 405, and the other end of the third wall surface 405 is hinged to the force applying block 406.

[0032] As an optional implementation, the extension comprises a plurality of second wall surfaces 404 which are sequentially limitingly and slidingly matched, the second wall surface 404 at the top is limitingly and slidingly matched with the first wall surface 403, and the second wall surface 404 at the bottom is limitingly and slidingly matched with the third wall surface 405.

[0033] As an optional implementation, the first wall surface 403, the second wall surface 404 and the third wall surface 405 are all provided with sliding cavities, and the corresponding second wall surface 404 is slidingly matched with the first wall surface 403 through the sliding cavity; The adjacent two second wall surfaces 404 are slidingly matched through the sliding cavities; The corresponding second wall surface 404 and the third wall surface 405 are slidingly matched through the sliding cavities; The limiting part in the sliding cavity comprises a limiting protrusion and a limiting ring 410 which are limitingly matched; The limiting ring 410 is fixed to the outer wall of the second wall surface 404 or the third wall surface 405; The limiting protrusion is fixed to the inner wall of the sliding cavity.

[0034] At the start of use, the operator first moves the sliding hinge seats 401 and sliding solenoid valves 402 of each force-applying mechanism 4 in the slide rails 3 inside the fixed frame 1 according to the load distribution planned in the test scheme, precisely positioning them to the preset force-applying point positions, and then securely locking them by the force-applying mechanism fixing components 2. This slide rail 3 is designed to provide basic spatial positioning and guiding functions for the entire force-applying system.

[0035] After positioning, the force-applying block 406 of the elastic telescopic arm assembly is also bonded to the side wall of the sample 5, and the elastic telescopic arm assembly is in a partially extended initial state. At this time, hydraulic oil and other force-transmitting media are injected into the elastic liquid bladder 407 controlled by the sliding solenoid valve 402 through external pipelines. As the elastic liquid bladder 407 inflates, its volume increases, generating pressure on the wall of the enclosed force-applying cavity. The force generated by the elastic liquid bladder 407 acts on the side wall of the sample 5 through the force-applying block 406.

[0036] The extension of the elastic telescopic arm assembly is achieved through relative sliding between the first wall surface 403, multiple second wall surfaces 404, and the third wall surface 405. Each wall surface has a sliding cavity inside, and adjacent wall surfaces are interlocked through these sliding cavities. Limiting protrusions and limiting rings 410 prevent complete disengagement, ensuring smooth extension and contraction and maintaining structural integrity. This multi-stage telescopic structure allows the force-applying mechanism 4 to adapt to different loading radius requirements.

[0037] During the application of force, the set normal pressure can be transmitted to the specimen 5 through the force application block 406 by precisely controlling the pressure inside the elastic fluid bladder 407. Since the sliding hinge seat 401 provides hinge support and the elastic telescopic arm assembly has a certain degree of self-adjustment capability, accurate load simulation can be achieved. During or after the test, the deformation of the specimen 5 is recorded by the built-in camera 6.

[0038] The core effectiveness of this device lies in its high flexibility and realistic simulation. The combination of the slide rail 3 and the movable, lockable force application mechanism 4 allows for the flexible arrangement of numerous independent force application points in three-dimensional space, perfectly simulating the complex and varied non-uniform load conditions surrounding the tunnel lining, such as bias pressure, localized weak soil, or expansive soil pressure. The unique elastic fluid bladder 407 drive, combined with the multi-stage elastic telescopic arm assembly, not only enables precise control of the applied force but also allows the telescopic arm to adapt to different lining curvatures and loading depths, ensuring uniform and stable load transfer. Simultaneously, the ingenious sliding cavity and limiting part design inside the telescopic arm provides sufficient telescopic stroke and structural rigidity while effectively preventing excessive deformation or disengagement of the components during stress, ensuring the durability and reliability of the experimental device.

[0039] As an optional implementation, the force application mechanism fixing assembly 2 includes a plurality of telescopic rods 201 arranged sequentially along the slide rail 3. The fixed end of the telescopic rod 201 is fixed to the fixing frame 1. A first conductive contact 202 is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the telescopic rod 201. The first conductive contact 202 is electrically connected to a second conductive contact 409. The second conductive contact 409 is fixed on the sliding hinge seat 401 or the sliding solenoid valve 402. When the first conductive contact 202 contacts the second conductive contact 409, the power supply line of the telescopic rod 201 forms a connected circuit with the power source, and the telescopic rod 201 extends out and engages with the sliding hinge seat 401 or the sliding solenoid valve 402 for limiting.

[0040] As an optional implementation, both the sliding hinge seat 401 and the sliding solenoid valve 402 are provided with a slot 408, and the movable end of the telescopic rod 201 extends into the slot 408 so that the fixed end of the telescopic rod 201 is in a limiting engagement with the sliding hinge seat 401 or the sliding solenoid valve 402.

[0041] When the operator moves the sliding hinge seat 401 and the sliding solenoid valve 402 of the force application mechanism 4 to the preset designated position within the slide rail 3, the second conductive contact 409 fixed on the sliding hinge seat 401 or the sliding solenoid valve 402 will contact the first conductive contact 202 on the fixed end of the telescopic rod 201, which is pre-arranged along the slide rail 3 at the corresponding position. This contact action makes the power supply line of the telescopic rod 201 form a complete circuit with the power source, energizing these telescopic rods 201. At the same time, each telescopic rod 201 is connected to a controller. After the sliding hinge seat 401 or the sliding solenoid valve 402 reaches the preset position, the operator issues a command to extend the telescopic rod 201 through the controller. Since only the telescopic rod 201 in contact with the first conductive contact 202 and the second conductive contact 409 forms a circuit with the power source, the extension of the movable end of these telescopic rods 201 can be controlled. The movable end of the extended telescopic rod 201 will be precisely embedded in the specially opened slot 408 on the sliding hinge seat 401 or the sliding solenoid valve 402. Through this mechanical limiting cooperation, the sliding hinge seat 401 or the sliding solenoid valve 402 will be firmly locked on the fixed frame 1.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0043] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation test device for the stress and deformation of tunnel lining, characterized in that, include: A fixed frame (1) is fixed with sealing plates at the front and back. The sample (5) is placed in the space formed by the fixed frame (1) and the sealing plates. An observation section is disposed inside the sample (5), and the observation section is slidably connected to the fixed frame (1); The sample (5) is surrounded by the movable ends of multiple force-applying mechanisms (4), and the fixed ends of the force-applying mechanisms (4) are slidably disposed on the inner wall of the fixed frame (1). The inner wall of the fixed frame (1) is also provided with a force-applying mechanism fixing component (2). After the fixed end of the force-applying mechanism (4) moves to the set position, the fixed end of the force-applying mechanism (4) is fixed to the inner wall of the fixed frame (1) by the force-applying mechanism fixing component (2).

2. The simulation test device for realizing the stress and deformation of tunnel lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The observation unit includes a camera (6), which is slidably disposed with respect to the fixed frame (1) and is located in the middle of the inner side of the sample (5).

3. The simulation test device for realizing the stress and deformation of tunnel lining according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the camera (6) is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding bracket (7), and the other end of the sliding bracket (7) is slidably disposed at the bottom of the fixed frame (1); The sliding support (7) has an inverted shape; The sliding bracket (7) has one end of the camera (6) fixed to it, which passes through the corresponding sealing plate.

4. The simulation test device for realizing the stress and deformation of tunnel lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed frame (1) has a slide (3) on its inner side, and the fixed end of the force application mechanism (4) is slidably disposed in the slide (3).

5. The simulation test device for realizing the stress and deformation of tunnel lining according to claim 4, characterized in that, The force-applying mechanism (4) includes: The force-applying block (406) contacts the side wall of the sample (5); Two elastic telescopic arm assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the force-applying block (406), and one end of the elastic telescopic arm assembly is hinged to the force-applying block (406); The other end of the elastic telescopic arm assembly is hinged to a sliding hinge seat (401). The two elastic telescopic arm assemblies together with the sealing plate form a force application cavity. An elastic liquid bladder (407) is provided in the force application cavity. The elastic liquid bladder (407) is connected to a sliding solenoid valve (402). The sliding solenoid valve (402) and the sliding hinge seat (401) are both slidably arranged in the slide rail (3). After the sliding solenoid valve (402) and the sliding hinge seat (401) are moved to the designated position, the sliding solenoid valve (402) and the sliding hinge seat (401) are fixed by the force application mechanism fixing assembly (2).

6. The simulation test device for realizing the stress and deformation of tunnel lining according to claim 5, characterized in that, The elastic telescopic arm assembly includes: The first wall surface (403) is hinged at one end to the sliding hinge seat (401), and the other end of the first wall surface (403) is slidably limited to one end of the extension portion. The other end of the extension portion is slidably limited to one end of the third wall surface (405), and the other end of the third wall surface (405) is hinged to the force-applying block (406).

7. The simulation test device for realizing the stress and deformation of tunnel lining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The extension includes a plurality of second wall surfaces (404) that are sequentially limited and slidably engaged. The second wall surface (404) at the top is slidably limited and engaged with the first wall surface (403), and the second wall surface (404) at the bottom is slidably limited and engaged with the third wall surface (405).

8. The simulation test device for realizing the stress and deformation of tunnel lining according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first wall surface (403), the second wall surface (404) and the third wall surface (405) are all provided with sliding cavities, and the corresponding second wall surface (404) slides with the first wall surface (403) through the sliding cavity; The two adjacent second wall surfaces (404) are slidably fitted together through the sliding cavity; The corresponding second wall surface (404) and the third wall surface (405) are slidably engaged through the sliding cavity; The sliding cavity is provided with a limiting part, which includes a limiting protrusion and a limiting ring (410) for limiting cooperation. The limiting ring (410) is fixed to the outer wall of the second wall surface (404) or the third wall surface (405); The limiting protrusion is fixed to the inner wall of the sliding cavity.

9. The simulation test device for realizing the stress and deformation of tunnel lining according to claim 5, characterized in that: The force application mechanism fixing assembly (2) includes a plurality of telescopic rods (201) arranged sequentially along the slide rail (3). The fixed end of the telescopic rod (201) is fixed to the fixing frame (1). A first conductive contact (202) is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the telescopic rod (201). The first conductive contact (202) is electrically connected to a second conductive contact (409). The second conductive contact (409) is fixed to the sliding hinge seat (401) or the sliding solenoid valve (402). When the first conductive contact (202) contacts the second conductive contact (409), the power supply line of the telescopic rod (201) forms a connected circuit with the power source, and the telescopic rod (201) extends out and engages with the sliding hinge seat (401) or the sliding solenoid valve (402) for limiting cooperation.

10. The simulation test device for realizing the stress and deformation of tunnel lining according to claim 9, characterized in that: Both the sliding hinge seat (401) and the sliding solenoid valve (402) are provided with slots (408). The movable end of the telescopic rod (201) extends into the slot (408) so that the fixed end of the telescopic rod (201) is in a limiting engagement with the sliding hinge seat (401) or the sliding solenoid valve (402).

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