Space-based distributed near space atmosphere detection method, system, equipment and product

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of atmospheric science and remote sensing, in particular to a space-based distributed near space atmosphere detection method, system, device and product, and the method comprises the steps: designing a plurality of satellites for detecting near space atmosphere based on the number of orbital planes and the number of satellites included in each orbital plane; detecting the near space atmosphere at a target moment based on each satellite, and obtaining state parameters of the near space atmosphere from different angles; obtaining a tomographic equation based on the global three-dimensional grid diagram and the obtained state parameters; and solving the tomographic equation to obtain the three-dimensional distribution characteristics of the near space atmosphere at the target moment. A plurality of satellites are designed through an orbital plane, various observation modes can be effectively compatible, and multi-dimensional data of near space atmosphere can be obtained; the state parameters are processed by using the global three-dimensional grid diagram so as to extract key three-dimensional parameter information, and the state and the change process of the near space atmosphere can be accurately monitored and predicted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of atmospheric science and remote sensing technology, in particular to a space-based distributed near-space atmospheric detection method, system, device and product. BACKGROUND

[0002] The state parameters of near-space atmosphere are key physical quantities for describing the changes of atmosphere in the range of 20 to 100 kilometers of the earth, and the state parameters of atmosphere including temperature, humidity, composition, wind field, etc. are important parameters for characterizing the dynamic characteristics of near-space atmosphere. The parameters of near-space atmosphere are not only crucial for understanding the earth's weather and climate change, but also provide safety guarantee for spacecraft launch, operation, return and communication.

[0003] The three-dimensional data of the parameters of near-space atmosphere has high complexity and timeliness, so it is necessary to efficiently and accurately detect and analyze the near-space atmosphere. At present, the space-based observation of near-space atmosphere is mainly based on a single satellite, and this single-satellite detection method has the defect that the spatiotemporal coverage is limited, and the full-quantity parameters of near-space atmosphere at the same time cannot be obtained, so it is difficult to obtain the three-dimensional real-time parameter data of near-space atmosphere, and it is difficult to meet the needs of monitoring, dynamic analysis and prediction of atmospheric state. SUMMARY

[0004] The present disclosure is proposed in view of the above problems, and provides a space-based distributed near-space atmospheric detection method, system, device and product.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a space-based distributed near-space atmospheric detection method is provided, comprising: designing a plurality of satellites for detecting near-space atmosphere based on the number of orbital planes and the number of satellites included in each orbital plane, each satellite having different observation ranges for detecting near-space atmosphere; detecting the near-space atmosphere at a target time based on each satellite, and obtaining state parameters of the near-space atmosphere from different angles; obtaining a tomographic equation based on a global three-dimensional grid map and the obtained state parameters; solving the tomographic equation to obtain three-dimensional distribution characteristics of the near-space atmosphere at the target time.

[0006] In addition, the space-based distributed near-space atmospheric detection method according to one aspect of the present disclosure, before designing a plurality of satellites for detecting near-space atmosphere based on the number of orbital planes and the number of satellites included in each orbital plane, further comprises: calculating the number of orbital planes based on a preset satellite orbit height, an effective payload field of view and an orbit period; a satellite observation mode of a satellite distributed in each of the orbital planes is acquired; In a case where the satellite observation mode is a staring observation, the number of satellites included in the orbital plane is greater than or equal to 2; in a case where the satellite observation mode is a mobile scanning observation, the number of satellites included in the orbital plane is greater than or equal to 1.

[0007] In addition, according to the space-based distributed near-space atmosphere detection method, based on each of the satellites, the near-space atmosphere is detected at a target time, and state parameters of the near-space atmosphere are acquired from different angles, including: Based on an imaging instrument observation mode of each of the satellites, atmospheric observation information of the near-space atmosphere at the target time is obtained, and based on a cloud camera of each of the satellites, cloud component information of the near-space atmosphere at the target time is obtained, and the imaging instrument observation mode is used to affect a field of view coverage range of the satellite; Based on the atmospheric observation information and the cloud component information, state parameters of the near-space atmosphere are acquired.

[0008] In addition, according to the space-based distributed near-space atmosphere detection method, based on an imaging instrument observation mode of each of the satellites, atmospheric observation information of the near-space atmosphere at a target time is obtained, including: Based on a satellite with a nadir observation mode of the imaging instrument observation mode, atmospheric observation information of a vertical atmosphere horizontal direction field of view at the target time is obtained, based on a satellite with a limb observation mode of the imaging instrument observation mode, atmospheric observation information of a vertical atmosphere height direction field of view at the target time is obtained, and based on a satellite with an oblique observation mode of the imaging instrument observation mode, atmospheric observation information of an oblique field of view at the target time is obtained; the oblique observation mode is between the nadir observation mode and the limb observation mode, and a direction of the oblique field of view is between the vertical atmosphere horizontal direction and the vertical atmosphere height direction.

[0009] In addition, according to the space-based distributed near-space atmosphere detection method, based on the atmospheric observation information and the cloud component information, state parameters of the near-space atmosphere are acquired, including: Field of view splicing is performed on the atmospheric observation information of the nadir observation mode, the limb observation mode and the oblique field of view to obtain multi-angle target atmospheric observation information; Based on the cloud component information, a component of an atmosphere cloud in the target atmospheric observation information is deducted to acquire state parameters of the near-space atmosphere.

[0010] In addition, according to the space-based distributed near-space atmosphere detection method, the state parameters include multiple atmospheric images. obtaining a tomographic equation based on the global three-dimensional grid map and the state parameters, including: normalizing a plurality of the atmospheric images into a global three-dimensional grid map of a uniform scale, and calculating a contribution degree of each pixel in each of the atmospheric images to each grid element of the global three-dimensional grid map; obtaining a tomographic equation based on the contribution degree of each pixel in each of the atmospheric images.

[0011] In addition, the space-based distributed near-space atmospheric detection method according to an aspect of the present disclosure further includes that the satellite includes a payload subsystem, a structure, a thermal control, a control, a propulsion, a power supply and distribution, and a TT&C subsystem; detecting the near-space atmosphere at a target time based on each of the satellites, including: determining an observation technical approach of the payload subsystem based on an observation purpose of the satellite; detecting the near-space atmosphere at the target time by using an imager and a cloud camera included in the payload subsystem based on the observation technical approach.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a space-based distributed near-space atmospheric detection system is provided, including: a calculation module configured to design a plurality of satellites for detecting a near-space atmosphere based on a number of orbital planes and a number of satellites included in each of the orbital planes, each of the satellites having a different observation range for detecting the near-space atmosphere; a detection module configured to detect the near-space atmosphere at a target time based on each of the satellites, and obtain state parameters of the near-space atmosphere from different angles; a gridding module configured to obtain a tomographic equation based on a global three-dimensional grid map and the obtained state parameters; a solving module configured to solve the tomographic equation, and obtain a three-dimensional distribution characteristic of the near-space atmosphere at the target time.

[0013] According to still another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, the processor executing the computer program to implement the method of the above aspect.

[0014] According to still another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer readable storage medium is provided, having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program being executed by a processor to implement the method of the above aspect.

[0015] According to still another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, the computer program being executed by a processor to implement the method of the above aspect.

[0016] As will be described in detail below, according to the space-based distributed near space atmospheric detection method, system, device and product of the embodiments of the present disclosure, multiple satellites are arranged on the orbital plane, which can effectively compatible multiple observation modes, obtain multi-dimensional data of the near space atmosphere, and realize multi-mode three-dimensional detection of the near space atmosphere; the state parameters are processed and analyzed by using the global three-dimensional grid map to extract key three-dimensional parameter information, which can accurately monitor and predict the state and change process of the near space atmosphere, and meet the needs of real-time monitoring and dynamic analysis of the atmospheric state.

[0017] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary, and are intended to provide further explanation of the subject technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are provided to illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the detailed description, serve to explain the present disclosure and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to like elements or steps throughout.

[0019] Figure 1 is a flow chart illustrating application of the space-based distributed near space atmospheric detection method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 2 is another flow chart illustrating application of the space-based distributed near space atmospheric detection method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a projection matrix calculation method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 4 is a process diagram of three-dimensional parameter reconstruction according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a space-based distributed near space atmospheric detection system according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a computer device according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a computer program product according to the embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious, the following will describe the example embodiments according to the present disclosure in detail with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the example embodiments described herein.

[0027] The state parameters of the near space atmosphere are key physical quantities for describing the changes of the atmosphere in the range of 20 to 100 kilometers of the earth, including temperature, composition, wind field, etc. As important parameters for characterizing the dynamic characteristics of the near space atmosphere, the state parameters are indispensable for studying the complex exchange process of energy and matter between different layers of the atmosphere, establishing prediction and prediction, and are also crucial for understanding the earth weather and climate change. At the same time, they are also important environmental protection elements for the safety protection of the launch, operation and return process of the spacecraft, the operation control of the near space platform, communication, etc., and have extremely important application value for space weather and scientific research.

[0028] The three-dimensional parameter data of the near space atmosphere has high complexity and timeliness, and how to efficiently and accurately detect and analyze has important research significance and practical application value for improving the accuracy of prediction, coping with natural disasters and optimizing resource allocation. The near space atmosphere is relatively rare, and it is difficult to detect by active means. At present, space-based tasks are mainly carried out by passive means on atmospheric composition. At present, the space-based observation of the state parameters of the near space mainly based on single satellite, this single satellite detection method has the defect that the spatio-temporal coverage is limited, and the full parameter of the state parameters of the near space at the same time cannot be obtained, so it is difficult to obtain the three-dimensional data of the state parameters, and it is difficult to meet the needs of real-time monitoring and dynamic analysis of the state of the near space atmosphere.

[0029] The above describes a space-based distributed near space atmospheric detection method, system, equipment and product according to an embodiment of the present disclosure with reference to the drawings, which realizes multi-mode three-dimensional detection of the near space atmosphere through multiple groups and multiple satellites included in the space-based distributed system; utilizes data gridding technology to process and analyze the state parameters to extract key three-dimensional parameter information, which can accurately monitor and real-time feedback the state of the near space atmosphere. Through the detection of the space-based distributed system, multiple observation modes can be effectively compatible, and multi-dimensional data of the near space atmosphere can be obtained, which meets the needs of real-time monitoring and dynamic analysis of the state of the atmosphere.

[0030] To facilitate the understanding of the present embodiment, first of all, a kind of space-based distributed near space atmospheric detection method disclosed in the present embodiment is introduced in detail, the execution subject of the space-based distributed near space atmospheric detection method provided by the present embodiment is generally computer equipment with certain computing power, which includes, for example: terminal device or server or other processing device.In some possible implementation ways, the space-based distributed near space atmospheric detection method can be realized by the way that processor calls computer readable instructions stored in memory.

[0031] As shown in the flowchart of the space-based distributed near space atmospheric detection method provided by the present embodiment, the method comprises S101-S104: Figure 1 S101: based on the number of orbital planes and the number of satellites included in each orbital plane, a plurality of satellites for detecting near space atmosphere are designed.

[0032] Wherein, the observation range of each satellite for near space atmospheric detection is different, the number of orbital planes depends on the effective payload field of view and the orbital period of satellite, etc., and the field of view range of satellites distributed in different orbital planes is different.

[0033] Optionally, (1) the calculation process of the number of orbital planes comprises: Based on the preset satellite orbit height, payload field of view and orbital period, the number of orbital planes is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0034] Wherein, M is the number of orbital planes, T is the orbital period (minute), is the radius of the earth (km), is the angular rotation speed of the earth (degree per second), is the satellite orbit height, is the payload field of view (radian).

[0035] For example, in actual application, it is assumed that the satellite orbit height A=700km, is 15°, T is 98.6 minutes, and M is not less than 7.3 by the above formula calculation, and the upper integer is 8, that is, the number of orbital planes is 8.

[0036] (2) the calculation method of the number of satellites included in each orbital plane comprises: Obtain the satellite observation mode of the satellites distributed in each orbital plane; in the case of staring observation, the number of satellites included in each orbital plane is greater than or equal to 2; in the case of mobile scanning observation, the number of satellites included in each orbital plane is greater than or equal to 1.

[0037] ​The gaze observation indicates that the satellite is located at a certain position and continuously observes the same area, and the mobile scanning observation indicates that the satellite is not located at a certain position, and the switching of the two satellite observation modes can be realized by adjusting the satellite attitude. For the number of satellites included in each orbit plane, in order to generate the final three-dimensional atmospheric information, the satellite of each orbit plane must be sampled not less than 2 times in a certain time interval, and the obtained data image is reconstructed to obtain the three-dimensional distribution characteristics of the atmospheric state parameters in the near space.

[0038] S102: Based on each satellite, the near space atmosphere is detected at the target time, and the state parameters of the near space atmosphere are obtained from different angles.

[0039] The state parameters include temperature, humidity, composition, etc. By detecting the near space atmosphere by each satellite, the parameter data of the near space atmosphere at the same time can be obtained, which is helpful for the construction of three-dimensional distribution characteristics in the subsequent steps.

[0040] Specifically, the satellite includes a payload subsystem, a structure, a thermal control, a control, a propulsion, a power supply and distribution, and a measurement and control subsystem; based on the observation purpose of the satellite, the observation technical approach of the payload subsystem is determined; based on the observation technical approach, the imaging instrument and the cloud camera included in the payload subsystem are used to detect the near space atmosphere at the target time. For example, in order to realize the measurement requirement of the atmospheric temperature, OH content and gravity wave parameters at the top of the intermediate layer, the observation technical approach needs to select the airglow imager to image the radiation information of OH molecules in different spectral bands in the near infrared; for example, in order to realize the measurement of atmospheric temperature, OH content and gravity wave parameters near 90km, the observation technical approach needs to select optical remote sensing to observe OH atmospheric radiation information.

[0041] S102 specifically includes: (1) Based on the imaging instrument observation mode of each satellite, the atmospheric observation information of the near space atmosphere at the target time is obtained, and based on the cloud camera of each satellite, the cloud component information of the near space atmosphere at the target time is obtained.

[0042] The imaging instrument observation mode is used to affect the field of view coverage of the satellite, and the imaging instrument observation mode includes nadir observation mode and limb observation mode, wherein the nadir observation mode is vertical observation, and the limb observation mode is horizontal observation, and the two observation modes are two critical modes of the imaging instrument observation mode.

[0043] Specifically, obtaining the atmospheric observation information of the near space atmosphere at the target time includes: The satellite based on an imaging instrument observation mode of nadir observation mode obtains atmospheric observation information of a vertical atmosphere horizontal direction field of view at a target time, the satellite based on an imaging instrument observation mode of limb observation mode obtains atmospheric observation information of a vertical atmosphere height direction field of view at a target time, and the satellite based on an imaging instrument observation mode of oblique observation mode obtains atmospheric observation information of an oblique field of view at a target time.

[0044] The oblique observation mode is between the nadir observation mode and the limb observation mode, and the direction of the oblique field of view is between the vertical atmosphere horizontal direction and the vertical atmosphere height direction.

[0045] (2) Based on the atmospheric observation information and the cloud component information, a state parameter of the near space atmosphere is obtained.

[0046] Specifically, the method further comprises the following steps: Atmospheric observation information of the nadir observation mode, the limb observation mode and the oblique field of view is field of view spliced to obtain multi-angle target atmospheric observation information; Based on the cloud component information, the component of the cloud in the target atmospheric observation information is deducted to obtain the state parameter of the near space atmosphere.

[0047] S103: Based on the global three-dimensional grid map and the state parameter, a tomographic equation is obtained.

[0048] Specifically, the state parameter comprises multiple atmospheric images. S103 comprises: The multiple atmospheric images are normalized into a global three-dimensional grid map of a uniform scale, the contribution degree of each pixel in each atmospheric image to each grid element of the global three-dimensional grid map is calculated, and the tomographic equation is obtained based on the contribution degree of each pixel in each atmospheric image.

[0049] Firstly, each atmospheric image involved is registered to identify a common region, and this process can be realized by using the characteristics of the image itself, or by combining the measurement data of a star sensor and a star map matching method. Secondly, each group of atmospheric images is normalized into a global three-dimensional grid map of a uniform scale, the contribution of each pixel in each atmospheric image to each grid element is determined, and a highly under-constrained tomographic equation is obtained.

[0050] Specifically, the quantization of the imaging object and its projection generates a linear (algebraic) description and a matrix form. The single-pixel projection of a ray through a pixel is given by the following formula:

[0051] wherein, represents a single-pixel projection, represents the area (weight) of the pixel intersected by the ray, represents the functional pixel value. As shown in Figure 3 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a projection matrix calculation method in discrete matrix tomography, the weight of the nth pixel in the mth projection is defined as the area of intersection of the pixel with the two rays that constitute the projection, i.e. Figure 3 the two shaded areas in the total projection is obtained by the sum of the weights of each intersecting pixel.

[0052] Since the number of rays from a given location (single satellite observation) is limited, along a given angle, the projection of the mth ray through the imaging area by the interaction of the rays with N pixels is given by the formula

[0053] wherein, represents the weight of the nth pixel in the mth projection, represents the functional pixel value of the nth pixel. Through the above process, the projection ray integral equation containing the comprehensive contribution of each pixel is constructed.

[0054] S104: solving the tomography equation to obtain the three-dimensional distribution characteristics of the atmosphere in the vicinity of the space at the target time.

[0055] When the satellite performs tomographic observation on the state variable from different angles, due to the limitation of its viewing angle range, it leads to sparse sampling distribution, causing the ill-conditioned nature of the inverse problem. Matrix reconstruction algorithm can be used for recovery, so as to solve the tomography equation to realize the reconstruction and parameter extraction of the state variable.

[0056] Specifically, various methods such as analytical method and iterative method can be used to realize reconstruction, wherein the analytical method includes filtered back projection reconstruction (FBP) and the like.

[0057] The iterative method includes two types of algebraic method and statistical method, wherein the algebraic method is mainly realized by solving linear equations, mainly including algebraic reconstruction technique (ARTs) and the like, and the statistical method adds the statistical characteristics of particles to the iterative process.

[0058] Taking the algebraic reconstruction technique (ARTs) as an example, the reconstruction process is described, as shown in Figure 4 Fig. 2 is a diagram of the three-dimensional parameter reconstruction process, in the reconstruction process, the initial approximation of the observed target structure (such as the nominal OH structure) is used as the vector input, and by comparing the tomographic projection of the previous image in the iteration with the measured projection, the reconstruction is realized by updating and correcting the factor in real time, on this basis, the spectral analysis, parameter fitting and machine learning methods are used to extract the parameters and related characteristics.

[0059] as shown in Figure 2Fig. 4 shows another flowchart of the space-based distributed near space atmospheric detection method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, which comprises S201-S205. S201: selecting a suitable observation technology approach.

[0060] The analysis task target is the near space atmosphere, and the type of state parameters to be detected and their distribution in space are determined by using models and existing measurement data, such as temperature, composition, wind field, etc.

[0061] A scientific demand matrix is established, and a suitable observation technology approach is selected, such as optical remote sensor, laser radar radio occultation, etc., to ensure that the target area and height range can be covered. For example, the atmospheric temperature, OH content and gravity wave parameters near 90 km need to be measured, and optical remote sensing technology is required to observe the OH atmospheric radiation information.

[0062] S202: system design for a single satellite.

[0063] The satellite is composed of a payload subsystem, a mechanism subsystem, a thermal control subsystem, an attitude and orbit control subsystem, a power supply subsystem, a TT&C subsystem, a star service subsystem, a comprehensive electronic subsystem, an antenna subsystem and a data transmission subsystem.

[0064] Among them, the payload subsystem plays a major role in satellite observation, and the observation technology approach of the payload subsystem is determined according to S202. For example, in order to measure the atmospheric temperature, OH content and gravity wave parameters at the top of the middle layer, a gas glow imager is required to image the radiation information of OH molecules in different spectral bands in the near infrared.

[0065] The scientific observation components of the payload subsystem include imagers and cloud cameras, and the imager observation modes of the imagers include nadir observation mode, limb observation mode and oblique observation mode, and the cloud cameras are used to record cloud composition information.

[0066] (1) In the nadir observation mode, the imager has the ability to observe from the zenith to the horizon, and obtains atmospheric observation information (such as radiation integral information) in the vertical direction of the field of view within the range of the field of view. The field of view of each imager may slightly overlap, and a large range of coverage can be achieved by field of view splicing.

[0067] (2) In the limb observation mode, the imager has the ability to observe the atmospheric limb along the direction of satellite orbit or laterally, and obtains atmospheric observation information in the vertical direction of the field of view within the range of the field of view. The field of view of each imager may slightly overlap, and a large range of coverage can be achieved by field of view splicing.

[0068] (3) In the oblique observation mode, the oblique observation mode is between the nadir observation mode and the limb observation mode, and the imager can obtain the atmospheric observation information of the oblique field of view in the field of view range, and the direction of the oblique field of view is between the vertical atmospheric horizontal direction and the vertical atmospheric height direction.

[0069] Optionally, the satellite observation mode of the satellite includes two kinds of staring observation and maneuvering scanning, the staring observation means that the satellite is located at a certain position and always points to the same area for continuous observation, the maneuvering scanning observation means that the satellite is not located at a certain position, and the switching of the two satellite observation modes can be realized by adjusting the satellite attitude.

[0070] S203: Construct a space-based distributed system, and detect through the space-based distributed system.

[0071] The space-based distributed system is composed of MxN satellites located in sun-synchronous orbits, wherein M represents the number of orbital planes, and N represents the number of satellites included in each orbital plane.

[0072] (1) For the number of orbital planes M: The minimum number of orbital planes M required to meet the coverage requirement depends on the field of view of the satellite and the orbital period, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0073] Wherein, M is the number of orbital planes, T is the orbital period (minutes), is the radius of the earth (km), is the angular rotation speed of the earth (degree per second), is the satellite orbit height, is the effective payload field of view (radian).

[0074] For example, in practical application, it is assumed that the satellite orbit height A=700km, is 15°, T is 98.6 minutes, and M is not less than 7.3 according to the above formula, and the upper limit is 8, that is, the number of orbital planes is 8.

[0075] (2) For the number of satellites included in each orbital plane N: In order to generate the final three-dimensional atmospheric information, the satellites included in each orbital plane must be sampled not less than 2 times in a certain time interval, and the obtained data image is reconstructed to obtain the three-dimensional distribution characteristics of the state parameters in the near space.

[0076] In the case of staring observation of the satellite observation mode, the number of satellites included in each orbital plane is greater than or equal to 2, each satellite is placed on a separate orbital plane with the same orbital height and inclination, and the right ascension (RAAN) of each satellite orbit has a certain interval.

[0077] In the case of a satellite observation mode of mobile scanning observation, the satellite can use a single spacecraft to perform tomographic imaging on a specific range through mobile scanning, and the number of satellites included in each orbit plane is greater than or equal to 1. In this observation mode, the satellite changes the traditional earth observation mode to obtain a two-dimensional slice of the target projection in the along-track or cross-track direction through multi-angle scanning, so as to realize the acquisition of three-dimensional information of the target for three-dimensional information reconstruction.

[0078] S204: data preprocessing.

[0079] The atmospheric observation information of different field of view ranges detected by each satellite is preprocessed, and the preprocessing step includes nonlinear correction, dark current calibration, absolute radiation response calibration, spectral response calibration, flat field correction, distortion correction, etc. Among them, the data used in each calibration process can be ground calibration data, or data obtained by observing a specific radiation source in orbit.

[0080] The atmospheric observation information of different field of view ranges is spliced to obtain multi-angle coverage of the target atmospheric observation information. In combination with the cloud component information, the cloud component in the target atmospheric observation information is deducted to obtain the state parameters of the near space atmosphere (i.e., the observation image).

[0081] S205: three-dimensional parameter reconstruction.

[0082] Three-dimensional parameter reconstruction mainly includes data gridding and three-dimensional tomographic reconstruction. Since only a specific number of angles can be measured for the target during the observation process, the projection ray density is low, and therefore a quantized representation of the imaging object is required, that is, the imaging object is discretized and its continuity structure is also segmented into a pixel grid.

[0083] The data gridding process first registers each observation image involved to identify the common area, which can be achieved by using the features of the image itself, or by combining the measurement data of the satellite star sensor, and by combining the star map matching method. Secondly, each set of observation images is normalized to a global three-dimensional grid of a uniform scale, and the contribution of each pixel in each observation image to each grid element is determined, thereby obtaining a highly underdetermined equation system.

[0084] Specifically, the quantization of the imaging object and its projection produces a linear (algebraic) description and a matrix form. The single-pixel projection of a ray through a pixel is given by the following formula:

[0085] wherein, represents a single-pixel projection, represents the area (weight) of the pixel intersected by the ray, represents the functional pixel value. For example,Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the projection matrix calculation method in discrete matrix tomography, showing the weight of the nth pixel in the mth projection. Defined as the area of ​​intersection between the pixel and the two rays constituting the projection, i.e. Figure 3 The two shaded areas in the total projection It is obtained by summing the weights of each intersecting pixel.

[0086] Since the number of rays from a given location (in a single satellite observation) is finite, the total signal generated by the interaction of the ray with N pixels along a given angle, through the projection of the m-th ray onto the imaging region, can be expressed as:

[0087] in, This represents the weight of the nth pixel in the mth projection. This represents the functional pixel value of the nth pixel. Through the above process, a projection ray integral equation is constructed that incorporates the combined contribution of each pixel.

[0088] When a satellite performs tomographic observations of state parameters from different angles, the limited field of view leads to a sparse sampling distribution, resulting in the ill-conditioned nature of the inverse problem. A matrix reconstruction algorithm can be used to recover the state parameters. Therefore, the tomographic equations are solved to reconstruct the state parameters and extract the parameters.

[0089] Specifically, reconstruction can be achieved using various methods such as analytical methods and iterative methods. Among them, analytical methods include filtered back projection reconstruction (FBP).

[0090] Iterative methods include two categories: algebraic methods and statistical methods. Algebraic methods are mainly implemented by solving linear equations and include algebraic reconstruction techniques (ARTs). Statistical methods incorporate the statistical properties of particles into the iterative process.

[0091] Taking the use of Algebraic Reconstruction Techniques (ARTs) as an example, the reconstruction process is described as follows: Figure 4 The diagram shows the process of three-dimensional parametric reconstruction. During the reconstruction process, the initial approximation of the observed target structure (such as the nominal OH structure) is used as the vector input. The reconstruction is achieved by comparing the tomographic projection of the previous image with the measured projection in the iteration and updating the correction factor in real time. On this basis, spectral analysis, parameter fitting and machine learning methods are used to extract parameters and related features.

[0092] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a near-space atmosphere detection system is provided for performing computational simulations of detection methods, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the system includes: The computing module 501 is configured to design a plurality of satellites for detecting the near space atmosphere based on the number of orbital planes and the number of satellites included in each orbital plane, and each satellite has a different observation range for detecting the near space atmosphere. The detecting module 502 is configured to detect the near space atmosphere at a target time based on each satellite to obtain state parameters of the near space atmosphere from different angles. The gridding module 503 is configured to obtain a tomographic equation based on a global three-dimensional grid map and the obtained state parameters. The solving module 504 is configured to solve the tomographic equation to obtain three-dimensional distribution characteristics of the near space atmosphere at the target time.

[0093] The space-based distributed near space atmosphere detection system is further configured to, before the step of designing a plurality of satellites for detecting the near space atmosphere based on the number of orbital planes and the number of satellites included in each orbital plane, calculate the number of orbital planes based on a preset satellite orbit height, a payload field of view, and an orbit period. Obtain a satellite observation mode of the satellite distributed on each orbital plane. In a case where the satellite observation mode is a staring observation, the number of satellites included in the orbital plane is greater than or equal to 2; in a case where the satellite observation mode is a mobile scanning observation, the number of satellites included in the orbital plane is greater than or equal to 1.

[0094] In one or more embodiments, the detecting module 502 is configured to: Obtain atmospheric observation information of the near space atmosphere at a target time based on an imaging instrument observation mode of each satellite, and obtain cloud component information of the near space atmosphere at the target time based on a cloud camera of each satellite, the imaging instrument observation mode being used to affect a field of view coverage range of the satellite. Obtain state parameters of the near space atmosphere based on the atmospheric observation information and the cloud component information.

[0095] In one or more embodiments, the detecting module 502 is further configured to: Obtain atmospheric observation information of a vertical atmospheric horizontal direction field of view at a target time based on a satellite with a nadir observation mode, obtain atmospheric observation information of a vertical atmospheric height direction field of view at the target time based on a satellite with a limb observation mode, and obtain atmospheric observation information of an oblique direction field of view at the target time based on a satellite with an oblique observation mode, the oblique observation mode being between the nadir observation mode and the limb observation mode, and a direction of the oblique direction field of view being between the vertical atmospheric horizontal direction and the vertical atmospheric height direction.

[0096] In one or more embodiments, the detection module 502 is further configured to: stitch the atmospheric observation information of the nadir observation mode, the limb observation mode and the oblique field of view to obtain multi-angle target atmospheric observation information; based on the cloud component information, subtract the cloud component in the atmosphere in the target atmospheric observation information to obtain the state parameters of the near space atmosphere.

[0097] In one or more embodiments, the gridding module 503 is configured to: based on the global three-dimensional grid map and the state parameters, obtain a tomographic equation, including: normalize the plurality of atmospheric images into a global three-dimensional grid map of a uniform scale, and calculate the contribution degree of each pixel in each atmospheric image to each grid element of the global three-dimensional grid map; based on the contribution degree of each pixel in each atmospheric image, obtain a tomographic equation.

[0098] The near space atmospheric detection system provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure and the space-based distributed near space atmospheric detection method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure have the same beneficial effects as the method they adopt, operate or implement.

[0099] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer device for executing the above-mentioned space-based distributed near space atmospheric detection method. Please refer to Figure 6 which shows a schematic diagram of a computer device provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 6 The computer device 60 includes a processor 600, a memory 601, a bus 602 and a communication interface 603, wherein the processor 600, the communication interface 603 and the memory 601 are connected through the bus 602; the memory 601 stores a computer program executable on the processor 600, and the processor 600 executes the computer program to perform the space-based distributed near space atmospheric detection method provided by any one of the preceding embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0100] The memory 601 can include a high-speed random access memory (RAM) and can also include a non-volatile memory such as at least one disk memory. The communication between the system network element and at least one other network element is realized through at least one communication interface 603 (which can be wired or wireless), and the Internet, wide area network, local network, metropolitan area network, etc. can be used.

[0101] The bus 602 can be an ISA bus, a PCI bus, an EISA bus, or the like. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. The memory 601 is configured to store programs, and the processor 600 executes the programs after receiving execution instructions. The space-based distributed near-space atmospheric detection method disclosed in any of the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to the processor 600 or implemented by the processor 600.

[0102] The processor 600 can be an integrated circuit chip with processing capability. In the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by an integrated logic circuit or an instruction in the form of software in the processor 600. The processor 600 described above can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), and the like; or can be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. Each method, step, and logic block disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented or executed. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present disclosure can be directly embodied as a hardware code processor for execution, or a combination of hardware and software modules in the code processor for execution. The software module can be located in a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, or other mature storage media in the art. The storage medium is located in the memory 601, and the processor 600 reads the information in the memory 601 and combines the hardware to complete the steps of the above method.

[0103] The computer device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure and the space-based distributed near-space atmospheric detection method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure have the same beneficial effects as the methods they adopt, run, or implement.

[0104] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium corresponding to the space-based distributed near-space atmospheric detection method provided by the preceding embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium is an optical disc, and a computer program (i.e., a computer program product) is stored on the optical disc. When the computer program is run by a processor, the space-based distributed near-space atmospheric detection method provided by any of the preceding embodiments is executed.

[0105] It should be noted that examples of the computer-readable storage medium can also include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other optical, magnetic storage media, and the like, which will not be listed one by one here.

[0106] The computer-readable storage medium provided by the above embodiments of the present disclosure has the same beneficial effects as the method adopted, run or implemented by the application program stored therein, based on the same inventive concept as the method of space-based distributed near-space atmospheric detection provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0107] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer program product, please refer to Figure 7 The computer program product 70 carries a program code, that is, a computer program 701, and the instructions included in the computer program 701 can be used to execute the steps of the space-based distributed near-space atmospheric detection method described in the above method embodiments. For details, please refer to the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0108] The computer program product can be specifically implemented by hardware, software or a combination thereof. In an optional embodiment, the computer program product is specifically embodied as a computer storage medium, and in another optional embodiment, the computer program product is specifically embodied as a software product, such as a software development kit (Software Development Kit, SDK) and the like.

[0109] The basic principles of the present disclosure are described above in combination with specific embodiments, but it should be noted that the advantages, advantages, effects and the like mentioned in the present disclosure are only examples and not limitations, and these advantages, advantages, effects and the like cannot be considered as the must-have of each embodiment of the present disclosure. In addition, the above specific details are only for the purpose of example and understanding, and are not limited to the specific details disclosed above.

[0110] The block diagrams of devices, apparatuses, equipment, systems referred to in the present disclosure are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that the connection, arrangement, configuration must be as shown in the block diagrams. These devices, apparatuses, equipment, systems can be connected, arranged, configured in any manner as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Words such as "include," "contain," "have," etc. are open-ended words that are to be interpreted to mean "including but not limited to," and are to be interpreted not to exclude other items. The words "or" and "and" as used herein are to be interpreted as the word "and / or," and are to be interpreted not to exclude other items. The word "such as" as used herein is to be interpreted as the phrase "such as but not limited to," and is to be interpreted not to exclude other items.

[0111] Also, as used herein, the term "or" as used in the context of "at least one of A, B, or C" means A or B or C or any combination thereof. Further, the term "example" is used to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration," and is not to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other examples. The term "include" is used to mean "comprise or consist of, whether or not associated with the term "including."

[0112] It is also important to note that the systems and methods of the present disclosure can be embodied in a variety of forms including, but not limited to, a data processor, a computer program product, a computer, one or more tangible computer readable storage devices, one or more computer-implemented methods, information, or a bit of information. Additionally, the systems and methods of the present disclosure can be embodied as one or more computers or computer-implements methods that can be used in a networked environment.

[0113] Various changes, modifications and improvements in the herein described technologies can be made within the teachings of the technology, particularly in light of the above teachings. It is therefore intended that the here disclosed technology not be limited to the particular composition, means, methods and / or acts described as the only approach to implementing the here disclosed technology. Accordingly, the here disclosed technology is to be considered as broadly applicable in the art implicated by this disclosure. The scope of the here disclosed technology is indicated by the appended claims, and all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalents are intended to be embraced therein.

[0114] The above description of the disclosed aspects is meant to be illustrative of the application and not limiting, as the same is intended to be encompassed by the following claims. Various modifications of the aspects, in addition to those described, will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art from the disclosure and have been contemplated. It is intended that the application be construed as including all such modifications as fall within the scope thereof.

[0115] The foregoing description has been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, the description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the disclosure to the forms disclosed herein. Although the various example aspects and embodiments have been described herein with regard to particular aspects and embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that certain modifications, changes, substitutions, additions and sub-combinations can be made without departing from the spirit of the disclosure.

Claims

1. A space-based distributed near-space atmospheric sounding method, characterized in that, include: Based on the number of orbital planes and the number of satellites included in each orbital plane, multiple satellites are designed to detect the near-space atmosphere, and each satellite has a different observation range for near-space atmosphere detection; Based on the aforementioned satellites, the near-space atmosphere is detected at the target time, and the state parameters of the near-space atmosphere are obtained from different angles. Based on the global 3D mesh map and the acquired state parameters, the tomographic equations are obtained. Solving the tomographic equations yields the three-dimensional distribution characteristics of the near-space atmosphere at the target time.

2. The space-based distributed near-space atmospheric sounding method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before designing multiple satellites for probing the near-space atmosphere based on the number of orbital planes and the number of satellites included in each orbital plane, the following is also included: The number of orbital planes is calculated based on the preset satellite orbital altitude, payload field of view, and orbital period. Obtain satellite observation patterns for satellites distributed across each of the aforementioned orbital planes; When the satellite observation mode is staring observation, the number of satellites included in the orbital plane is greater than or equal to 2; when the satellite observation mode is maneuvering scan observation, the number of satellites included in the orbital plane is greater than or equal to 1.

3. The space-based distributed near-space atmospheric sounding method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the aforementioned satellites, the near-space atmosphere is probed at the target time, and state parameters of the near-space atmosphere are obtained from different angles, including: Based on the imager observation modes of each of the satellites, atmospheric observation information of the near-space atmosphere at the target time is obtained, and cloud composition information of the near-space atmosphere at the target time is obtained based on the cloud cameras of each of the satellites. The imager observation modes are used to influence the field of view coverage of the satellites. Based on the atmospheric observation information and the cloud composition information, the state parameters of the near-space atmosphere are obtained.

4. The space-based distributed near-space atmospheric sounding method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the imager observation modes of each of the aforementioned satellites, atmospheric observation information of the near-space atmosphere at the target time is obtained, including: Based on a satellite whose imager observation mode is nadir observation mode, atmospheric observation information in the vertical atmospheric horizontal direction at the target time is obtained; based on a satellite whose imager observation mode is edge observation mode, atmospheric observation information in the vertical atmospheric height direction at the target time is obtained; and based on a satellite whose imager observation mode is oblique observation mode, atmospheric observation information in the oblique field of view at the target time is obtained; the oblique observation mode is between nadir observation mode and edge observation mode, and the direction of the oblique field of view is located between the vertical atmospheric horizontal direction and the vertical atmospheric height direction.

5. The space-based distributed near-space atmospheric sounding method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the atmospheric observation information and the cloud composition information, the state parameters of the near-space atmosphere are obtained, including: The atmospheric observation information from the nadir observation mode, the edge observation mode, and the oblique field of view is stitched together to obtain multi-angle target atmospheric observation information; Based on the cloud composition information, the cloud composition in the atmosphere of the target atmosphere is subtracted to obtain the state parameters of the near-space atmosphere.

6. The space-based distributed near-space atmospheric sounding method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The state parameters include multiple atmospheric images; Based on the global 3D mesh map and the state parameters, the tomographic equations are obtained, including: Multiple atmospheric images are normalized into a global three-dimensional grid map of a uniform scale, and the contribution of each pixel in each atmospheric image to each grid cell of the global three-dimensional grid map is calculated. Based on the contribution of each pixel in each atmospheric image, a tomographic equation is obtained.

7. The space-based distributed near-space atmospheric sounding method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The satellite includes a payload subsystem, structure, thermal control, control, propulsion, power supply and distribution, and telemetry and control subsystem. Based on the aforementioned satellites, the near-space atmosphere is probed at the target time, including: Based on the observation objectives of the satellite, determine the observation techniques for the payload subsystem; Based on the aforementioned observation techniques, the near-space atmosphere is detected at the target time using the imager and cloud camera included in the payload subsystem.

8. A space-based distributed near-space atmospheric sounding system, characterized in that, include: The computing module is used to design multiple satellites for detecting the near-space atmosphere based on the number of orbital planes and the number of satellites included in each orbital plane, with each satellite having a different observation range for near-space atmosphere detection; The detection module is used to detect the near-space atmosphere at a target time based on each of the satellites, and to obtain the state parameters of the near-space atmosphere from different angles; The meshing module is used to obtain tomographic equations based on a global 3D mesh map and the acquired state parameters; The solution module is used to solve the tomographic equations to obtain the three-dimensional distribution characteristics of the near-space atmosphere at the target time.

9. A computer embedded device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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