Deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoir effectiveness evaluation method and related equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoir effectiveness evaluation method and related equipment, and the method comprises the steps: introducing array sound wave data and electric imaging data, and then further determining a stoneley wave attenuation index and a normal stress value; finally, a highly universal semi-quantitative evaluation method for the effectiveness of the fractures of the deep and ultra-deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoir is established in combination with a liquid production profile, theoretically, the method is more in line with the characteristics of the deep and ultra-deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoir, and the method has reliable theoretical basis, high calculation accuracy, high universality and wide applicability, and is suitable for popularization and application. The problems that an existing crack effectiveness evaluation method is large in operation difficulty and low in solution multiplicity and applicability are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of evaluation technology for fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs, specifically relating to a method and related equipment for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs. Background Technology

[0002] In oil and gas exploration, fractures are a key parameter determining the permeability and quality of complex reservoirs. The presence of fractures can significantly increase reservoir permeability, thereby affecting the flow and accumulation of oil and gas. Therefore, accurately evaluating the effectiveness of fractures is of great significance for reservoir evaluation and oil and gas exploration. It can also guide drilling and completion decisions, reduce costs and risks, and promote technological innovation and development. Influenced by multiple factors such as sedimentary environment and geological structure, deep and ultra-deep reservoirs are characterized by poor physical properties, complex fracture development, and strong heterogeneity. Traditional or single logging techniques have significant limitations in assessing the effectiveness of fractures in complex reservoirs. Therefore, accurate methods for evaluating fracture effectiveness are crucial for reserve assessment and production prediction.

[0003] Currently, experts and scholars have conducted extensive research and analysis on fracture effectiveness evaluation. Commonly used methods for evaluating fracture effectiveness include: the three-dimensional Mohr's circle method (Lu Yunlong et al., Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2018.5), the electrical imaging parameter method and the chart method (Guo Zhengquan et al., Science and Technology Innovation Herald, 2019.2), the fast and slow shear wave method (Yang Bo, Yangtze University, 2017.9), and the fracture network effectiveness factor method (Zhao Hanbin, Progress in Geophysics, 2023.6). Among them, the three-dimensional Mohr's circle analysis method mainly relies on the stress field distribution around the wellbore to calculate the normal stress and shear stress on the rock surface of the fracture, and then obtain the friction coefficient on the rock surface of the fracture to evaluate fracture characteristics. By selecting an appropriate geostress model, the three-dimensional stress state of the formation can be accurately calculated. At the same time, combined with key information such as fracture dip angle and dip direction obtained by imaging logging technology, the three-dimensional Mohr's circle analysis method is used to further evaluate the effectiveness according to the rock mechanics strength criterion. However, the applicability of this method is limited by the accuracy of the model assumptions and the difficulty of data acquisition, and therefore has certain limitations in practical applications. The electrical imaging parameter chart method constructs fracture development degree and fracture opening degree through key parameters and fracture development thickness to quantitatively characterize fracture effectiveness. It also establishes quantitative evaluation charts for these two characterization parameters and the micro-oil production index to evaluate fracture effectiveness. However, this method suffers from limitations in imaging quality, parameter errors, and formation heterogeneity, resulting in poor accuracy in fracture evaluation. The fast and slow shear wave analysis method mainly relies on the significant correlation between the shear wave energy attenuation coefficient and fracture width observed in core fracture experiments. By comprehensively considering the influence of fast and slow shear waves and using this information to calculate fracture characterization coefficients, it assesses fracture effectiveness. However, due to the complexity of geological conditions and the limitations of fast and slow shear wave accuracy, this method has certain limitations in practical applications. The fracture network effectiveness factor method mainly relies on identifying high-conductivity fractures using drilling imaging logging data and combining it with conventional logging resistivity curves to comprehensively construct a new factor characterizing fracture network effectiveness for evaluation. However, due to parameter uncertainties and the need for large amounts of data, the fracture network effectiveness factor method has certain limitations in evaluating fracture effectiveness. Fracture morphology varies in deep and ultra-deep reservoirs, and their development and distribution patterns are extremely complex. Their effectiveness is influenced by a multitude of factors, and they often face challenges of ambiguity and inapplicability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and related equipment for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs, in order to solve the technical problems of existing fracture effectiveness evaluation calculation methods being highly ambiguous, inaccurate, and unapplicable.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured, low-porosity sandstone reservoirs includes the following steps:

[0007] Acquire array acoustic logging data, electrical imaging logging data, and production profile data. Process the acquired array acoustic logging data to obtain P-wave, S-wave, and Stoneley wave data.

[0008] The baseline is determined based on Stoneley wave data. The Stoneley wave attenuation index is obtained using the baseline and the amplitude value of Stoneley wave data. The Stoneley wave attenuation index is then improved.

[0009] Based on the obtained electrical imaging logging data and P-wave and S-wave data, the normal stress value is calculated.

[0010] Based on the improved Stoneley wave attenuation index and normal stress value, combined with the fluid production profile data, a fracture effectiveness evaluation chart was compiled to semi-quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the fracture.

[0011] Furthermore, the steps for determining the Stoneley wave attenuation index are as follows: the amplitude value of the Stoneley wave is obtained by performing spectral analysis on the waveform measured by the array acoustic wave, and the amplitude value of the Stoneley wave is converted into the Stoneley wave attenuation index.

[0012] Furthermore, before converting the amplitude value of the Stoneley wave into the Stoneley wave decay index, the amplitude value of the Stoneley wave data is normalized.

[0013] Furthermore, the formula for the Stoneley wave attenuation index is as follows:

[0014]

[0015] Where n represents the number of array data rows; ΔAMPST i0 It is the base value of the normalized Stoneley wave amplitude value of the i-th Stoneley wave amplitude array data; ΔAMPST i λ is the normalized Stoneley wave amplitude value of the i-th Stoneley wave amplitude array data; λ represents the Stoneley wave attenuation index.

[0016] Furthermore, the improvement of the Stoneley wave attenuation index is based on the influence of wellbore enlargement and clay content on Stoneley waves.

[0017] Furthermore, the improved Stoneley wave attenuation exponent formula is as follows:

[0018] λ′=[1-|CAL-BIT| / 12]·(1-V sh )·λ

[0019] In the formula, λ represents the Stoneley wave attenuation index, λ′ represents the Stoneley wave attenuation index after correction for clay content and wellbore diameter, CAL represents the wellbore diameter, BIT represents the drill bit size, and V sh Indicates the mud content.

[0020] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the normal stress value is as follows:

[0021] σ n =l 2 ·σ H +m 2 ·σ h +n 2 ·σ v

[0022] 1 = sinθ·sin(α)

[0023] m = cosθ·sin(α)

[0024] n = cos(α)

[0025] Where: σ n Indicates normal stress; σ H σ represents the maximum horizontal principal stress. h σ represents the minimum horizontal principal stress; v α represents the longitudinal effective stress; α represents the crack dip angle; θ represents the angle between the direction of the maximum principal stress and the crack direction.

[0026] Secondly, a system for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs includes an acquisition module, an improvement module, a calculation module, and an evaluation module, wherein:

[0027] Acquisition module: used to acquire array acoustic logging data, electrical imaging logging data and production profile data, and to process the acquired array acoustic logging data to obtain P-wave, S-wave and Stoneley wave data;

[0028] Improved module: Determines the baseline and Stoneley wave attenuation index based on Stoneley wave data, and improves the Stoneley wave attenuation index;

[0029] Calculation module: used to calculate the normal stress value based on the obtained electrical imaging logging data and P-wave and S-wave data;

[0030] Evaluation module: Used to compile a fracture effectiveness evaluation chart based on the improved Stoneley wave attenuation index and normal stress value, combined with the fluid production profile data, to semi-quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the fracture.

[0031] Thirdly, a terminal device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the above-described method.

[0032] Fourthly, a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0034] This invention provides a method for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs. It calculates the attenuation index by processing acquired P-wave, S-wave, and Stoneley wave data, and improves the attenuation index. Simultaneously, based on obtained electrical imaging logging data and P-wave and S-wave data, the normal stress is calculated. Finally, using the improved Stoneley wave attenuation index and normal stress value, combined with production profile data, a fracture effectiveness evaluation chart is compiled, providing a semi-quantitative evaluation of fracture effectiveness. This method solves the problems of existing fracture effectiveness evaluation methods being difficult to operate, having multiple solutions, and limited applicability. By introducing array acoustic wave data and electrical imaging data, and further determining the Stoneley wave attenuation index and normal stress value, a highly versatile semi-quantitative evaluation method for fracture effectiveness in deep and ultra-deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs is established, which theoretically better reflects the characteristics of deep and ultra-deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs. It has a reliable theoretical basis, high calculation accuracy, strong versatility, and wide applicability.

[0035] There is a significant correlation between fracture effectiveness and the amplitude variation of Stoneley waves. Therefore, the amplitude value of Stoneley waves can be obtained by performing spectral analysis on the waveform measured by array acoustic wave, and then converted into an attenuation index to amplify the attenuation response of the effective fracture segment, thus more intuitively indicating the effectiveness of the fracture. Normal stress refers to the stress component perpendicular to the fracture surface. When the normal stress is small, the fracture is easier to open, thereby increasing the seepage capacity of the fracture and making the fracture more effective. Therefore, introducing normal stress can help evaluate the effectiveness of the fracture.

[0036] Furthermore, by processing the monopole array acoustic logging data in the acquired logging data, the Stoneley wave amplitude curve is obtained. Then, the Stoneley wave attenuation curve is smoothed to obtain a stable Stoneley wave attenuation amplitude curve, laying the foundation for subsequent Stoneley wave attenuation analysis.

[0037] Furthermore, the clay content affects the properties of the fluid within the matrix pores, such as viscosity and density, thereby influencing the propagation speed and energy attenuation of Stoneley waves. Meanwhile, changes in wellbore diameter affect the propagation path of Stoneley waves and their interaction with the wellbore. Therefore, considering the effects of wellbore enlargement and clay content, the Stoneley wave attenuation index formula is improved to reduce errors and the existence of multiple solutions.

[0038] Furthermore, the relative amplitude of the Stoneley wave is well correlated with the width, depth, and dip angle of the crack. Therefore, the effectiveness of the crack can be judged by the amplitude value of the Stoneley wave attenuation, which is then converted into the Stoneley wave attenuation index. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a detailed flowchart of a method for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a composite graph of the Stoneley wave attenuation index of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a semi-quantitative evaluation chart of the effectiveness of cracks in this invention;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a computer device;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of an electronic device. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0047] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0048] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this invention generally indicates that the preceding and following objects have an "or" relationship.

[0049] It should be understood that although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in the embodiments of the present invention to describe the preset range, these preset ranges should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the preset ranges from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, the first preset range may also be referred to as the second preset range, and similarly, the second preset range may also be referred to as the first preset range.

[0050] Depending on the context, the word "if" as used here can be interpreted as "when," "when," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determination" or "if detection (of the stated condition or event)" can be interpreted as "when determination," "in response to determination," "when detection (of the stated condition or event)," or "in response to detection (of the stated condition or event)."

[0051] The accompanying drawings illustrate various structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments disclosed in this invention. These drawings are not to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0052] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured, low-porosity sandstone reservoirs includes the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Acquire array acoustic logging data, electrical imaging logging data, and production profile data. Process the acquired array acoustic logging data to obtain P-wave, S-wave, and Stoneley wave data.

[0055] Specifically, array acoustic logging data, electrical imaging logging data, and production profile data with good logging quality and no enlargement effect are selected; Stoneley wave data are extracted and analyzed by acquiring the raw array acoustic logging data to obtain P-wave, S-wave, and Stoneley wave amplitude data.

[0056] Step two: Determine the baseline based on the Stoneley wave data, derive the Stoneley wave attenuation index using the baseline and the amplitude value of the Stoneley wave data, and then improve the Stoneley wave attenuation index:

[0057] Specifically, the amplitude values ​​of the Stoneley wave data are obtained through spectral analysis of the waveform measured by the array acoustic wave. Before converting the amplitude values ​​of the Stoneley wave into the Stoneley wave attenuation index, since the receivers of different array acoustic wave instruments do not calibrate the amplitude, it is necessary to normalize the absolute values ​​of the Stoneley wave array data. The formula for normalizing the amplitude values ​​of the Stoneley wave data is as follows:

[0058]

[0059] Where: ΔAMPST i It is the normalized Stoneley wave amplitude value of the i-th Stoneley wave amplitude array data; AMPST i The size of the i-th Stoneley wave amplitude array data value; AMPST imax The maximum value of the i-th Stoneley wave amplitude array data; AMPST imin The minimum value of the i-th Stoneley wave amplitude array data.

[0060] Since the relative amplitude of the Stoneley wave is well correlated with the crack width, crack depth, and crack dip angle, the effectiveness of the crack can be determined by the amplitude value of the Stoneley wave attenuation. This value can be converted into the Stoneley wave attenuation index, and the formula for the Stoneley wave attenuation index is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] Where n represents the number of array data rows; ΔAMPST i0 It is the base value of the normalized Stoneley wave amplitude value of the i-th Stoneley wave amplitude array data; ΔAMPST i λ is the normalized Stoneley wave amplitude value of the i-th Stoneley wave amplitude array data; λ represents the Stoneley wave attenuation index.

[0063] Since the clay content can affect the properties of the fluid within the wellbore, such as viscosity and density, thus influencing the propagation speed and energy attenuation of Stoneley waves, and changes in wellbore diameter can affect the propagation path of Stoneley waves, the effects of wellbore enlargement and clay content are considered. Therefore, the Stoneley wave attenuation index formula is improved to reduce ambiguity. The improved Stoneley wave attenuation index formula is as follows:

[0064] λ′=[1-|CAL-BIT| / 12]·(1-V sh )·λ

[0065] In the formula, λ represents the Stoneley wave attenuation index, λ′ represents the Stoneley wave attenuation index after correction for clay content and wellbore diameter, CAL represents the wellbore diameter, BIT represents the drill bit size, and V sh Indicates the mud content.

[0066] Step 3: Calculate the normal stress value based on the obtained electrical imaging logging data and P-wave and S-wave data;

[0067] Since normal stress refers to the stress component perpendicular to the crack surface, a smaller normal stress makes the crack easier to open, thereby increasing the crack's seepage capacity and making it more effective. Therefore, introducing normal stress can help assess the effectiveness of the crack. The formula for calculating the normal stress value is as follows:

[0068] σ n =l 2 ·σ H +m 2 ·σ h +n 2 ·σ v

[0069] l = sinθ·sin(α)

[0070] m = cosθ·sin(α)

[0071] n = cos(α)

[0072] Where: σ n Indicates normal stress; σ H σ represents the maximum horizontal principal stress. h σ represents the minimum horizontal principal stress; v α represents the longitudinal effective stress; α represents the crack dip angle; θ represents the angle between the direction of the maximum principal stress and the crack direction.

[0073] Step four: Based on the improved Stoneley wave attenuation index and normal stress value, combined with the produced fluid profile data, a fracture effectiveness evaluation chart is prepared to semi-quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the fracture.

[0074] Example

[0075] A method for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs based on the Stoneley wave attenuation index, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0076] Step 101: Acquire array acoustic logging data and electrical imaging logging data for the study area;

[0077] Step 102: Combined with step 101, process the acquired array acoustic logging data to obtain Stoneley wave data;

[0078] Step 103: Combining with Step 102, normalize the absolute value of the Stoneley wave amplitude;

[0079] Step 104: Combine the processed Stoneley wave data obtained in Step 103, determine the baseline, and convert the absolute value of the normalized Stoneley wave amplitude under different arrays into the attenuation index.

[0080] Step 105: Using the attenuation index obtained in Step 104, and considering the effects of wellbore enlargement and clay content, improve the Stoneley wave attenuation index formula.

[0081] Step 106: Calculate the normal stress value based on the obtained electrical imaging logging data and P-wave and S-wave data;

[0082] Step 107: Using the improved Stoneley wave attenuation index obtained in step 105, and based on the obtained Stoneley wave attenuation index and combined with the produced fluid profile data, compile a fracture effectiveness evaluation chart to semi-quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the fracture.

[0083] In step 103, after normalizing the absolute value of the Stoneley wave amplitude:

[0084] Where: ΔAMPST i It is the normalized Stoneley wave amplitude value of the i-th Stoneley wave amplitude array data; AMPST i The size of the i-th Stoneley wave amplitude array data value; AMPST imax The maximum value of the i-th Stoneley wave amplitude array data; AMPST imin The minimum value of the i-th Stoneley wave amplitude array data.

[0085] In step 105, the improved Stoneley wave attenuation exponent formula is:

[0086] λ′=[1-|CAL-BIT| / 12]·(1-V sh )·λ

[0087] In the formula, λ represents the Stoneley wave attenuation index, λ′ represents the Stoneley wave attenuation index after correction for clay content and wellbore diameter, CAL represents the wellbore diameter, BIT represents the drill bit size, and V sh Indicates the mud content.

[0088] In step 106, the formula for calculating the normal stress value is:

[0089] σ n =l 2 ·σ H +m 2 ·σ h +n 2 ·σ v

[0090] 1 = sinθ·sin(α)

[0091] m = cosθ·sin(α)

[0092] n = cos(α)

[0093] Where: σ n Indicates normal stress; σ H σ represents the maximum horizontal principal stress. h σ represents the minimum horizontal principal stress; v α represents the longitudinal effective stress; α represents the crack dip angle; θ represents the angle between the direction of the maximum principal stress and the crack direction.

[0094] The following detailed description of this embodiment is provided to support the technical problem to be solved by the present invention.

[0095] 1. Obtain array acoustic logging data for the study area.

[0096] A deep sandstone reservoir in an oilfield block was selected as the target layer for the study, and array sonic logging data and conventional logging data of the target layer were collected.

[0097] 2. By processing the monopole array acoustic logging data in the acquired logging data, the Stoneley wave amplitude curve is obtained. Then, the Stoneley wave attenuation curve is smoothed to obtain a stable Stoneley wave attenuation amplitude curve, which lays the foundation for subsequent Stoneley wave attenuation analysis.

[0098] 3. Since the receivers of different array acoustic instruments do not have amplitude calibration, the absolute value of the amplitude needs to be normalized.

[0099] 4. Typically, the amplitude of Stoneley waves decreases exponentially with increasing crack width, linearly with increasing crack dip angle, and exponentially with increasing crack depth. Based on these research findings, it is clear that crack effectiveness and changes in Stoneley wave amplitude are significantly correlated. Therefore, the amplitude value of Stoneley waves can be obtained by performing spectral analysis on the waveform measured by array acoustic waves, and then converted into an attenuation index to amplify the attenuation response of the effective crack segment, thus more intuitively indicating the effectiveness of the crack.

[0100] 5. Since the clay content can affect the properties of the fluid within the matrix pores, such as viscosity and density, it can influence the propagation speed and energy attenuation of Stoneley waves. Furthermore, changes in wellbore diameter can affect the propagation path of Stoneley waves and their interaction with the wellbore. Therefore, considering the effects of wellbore enlargement and clay content, the Stoneley wave attenuation index formula is improved to reduce errors and minimize ambiguity. Figure 2 The 10th channel represents the improved Stoneley wave attenuation index, and the 11th channel represents the normal stress. It can be seen that the well-displayed areas in the production profile indicate that the fractures are well-developed in this section. The higher the production rate in the production profile, the more developed the fractures, and the greater the Stoneley wave attenuation index, which demonstrates the correctness and applicability of this method.

[0101] 6. Since normal stress refers to the stress component perpendicular to the crack surface, when the normal stress is small, the crack is easier to open, thereby increasing the crack's seepage capacity and making the crack more effective. Therefore, introducing normal stress can help assess the effectiveness of the crack. Figure 2 The 11th result shows the calculated normal stress. It can be seen that the magnitude of the normal stress decreases significantly in the crack-developed areas, demonstrating the correctness and applicability of the method.

[0102] 7. Figure 3 The method combines the acquired Stoneley wave attenuation index and normal stress with production data obtained from the production profile to establish a semi-quantitative evaluation chart of the Stoneley wave attenuation index. Since the Stoneley wave attenuation index and normal stress obtained by calculation alone lack calibration, they cannot be used to intuitively analyze the effectiveness of the fracture. Therefore, this chart is established to evaluate the effectiveness of the fracture. The chart shows that the semi-quantitative effect is good. When the Stoneley wave attenuation index increases and the normal stress decreases, the fracture effectiveness is the best, which to some extent demonstrates the applicability and effectiveness of the method.

[0103] In summary, this invention discloses a method for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured, low-porosity sandstone reservoirs based on the Stoneley wave attenuation index. First, array acoustic logging data of the study area is acquired. Then, the acquired array acoustic data is processed to obtain Stoneley wave amplitude data. Spectral analysis of the measured waveforms yields the amplitude values ​​of the Stoneley waves, which are then converted into an attenuation index. Based on this, the Stoneley wave attenuation index formula is improved, considering the influence of wellbore enlargement and clay content. Finally, based on the acquired Stoneley wave attenuation index and production profile data, a fracture effectiveness evaluation chart is compiled to semi-quantitatively determine the effectiveness of the fractures. This invention solves the problems of existing fracture effectiveness evaluation methods being difficult to operate, having multiple solutions, and limited applicability. By introducing array acoustic wave data and further determining the Stoneley wave attenuation index, a universally applicable method for evaluating fracture effectiveness in deep and ultra-deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs is finally established in conjunction with the production profile. Compared with methods such as the three-dimensional Mohr circle method, the electrical imaging parameter method, and the fast and slow shear wave method, this method is theoretically more consistent with the characteristics of deep and ultra-deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs, has a reliable theoretical basis, is convenient and simple to calculate, and is highly universal and widely applicable.

[0104] Those skilled in the art will understand that various aspects of the present invention can be implemented as systems, methods, or program products. Therefore, various aspects of the present invention can be specifically implemented in the following forms: a completely hardware implementation, a completely software implementation (including firmware, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software aspects, collectively referred to herein as a "circuit," "module," or "platform."

[0105] In another embodiment of the present invention, an effectiveness evaluation system for deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs is also provided, comprising an acquisition module, an improvement module, a calculation module, and an evaluation module, wherein:

[0106] Acquisition module: used to acquire array acoustic logging data, electrical imaging logging data and production profile data, and to process the acquired array acoustic logging data to obtain P-wave, S-wave and Stoneley wave data;

[0107] Improved module: Determines the baseline and Stoneley wave attenuation index based on Stoneley wave data, and improves the Stoneley wave attenuation index;

[0108] Calculation module: used to calculate the normal stress value based on the obtained electrical imaging logging data and P-wave and S-wave data;

[0109] Evaluation module: Used to compile a fracture effectiveness evaluation chart based on the improved Stoneley wave attenuation index and normal stress value, combined with the fluid production profile data, to semi-quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the fracture.

[0110] In another embodiment of the present invention, a terminal device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, which includes program instructions. The processor executes the program instructions stored in the computer storage medium. The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. It is the computing and control core of the terminal, suitable for implementing one or more instructions, specifically suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions to achieve a corresponding method flow or corresponding function. The processor described in this embodiment of the present invention can be used for the operation of effectiveness evaluation of deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs, including:

[0111] Acquire array acoustic logging data, electrical imaging logging data, and production profile data. Process the acquired array acoustic logging data to obtain P-wave, S-wave, and Stoneley wave data.

[0112] The baseline is determined based on Stoneley wave data. The Stoneley wave attenuation index is obtained using the baseline and the amplitude value of Stoneley wave data. The Stoneley wave attenuation index is then improved.

[0113] Based on the obtained electrical imaging logging data and P-wave and S-wave data, the normal stress value is calculated.

[0114] Based on the improved Stoneley wave attenuation index and normal stress value, combined with the fluid production profile data, a fracture effectiveness evaluation chart was compiled to semi-quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the fracture.

[0115] In another embodiment of the present invention, a storage medium is provided, specifically a computer-readable storage medium (Memory), which is a memory device in a terminal device for storing programs and data. It is understood that the computer-readable storage medium here can include both built-in storage media in the terminal device and extended storage media supported by the terminal device; it can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer-readable storage medium provides storage space that stores the terminal's operating system. Furthermore, the storage space also stores one or more instructions suitable for loading and execution by a processor, which can be one or more computer programs (including program code). It should be noted that more specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable storage medium include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0116] Computer-readable storage media also include data signals propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying readable program code. Such propagated data signals can take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. A readable storage medium can also be any readable medium other than a readable storage medium that can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the readable storage medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical fiber, RF, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0117] Program code for performing the operations of this invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can execute entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's device, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In cases involving remote computing devices, the remote computing device can be connected to the user's computing device via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computing device (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0118] One or more instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium can be loaded and executed by a processor to implement the corresponding steps of the method for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs in the above embodiments; one or more instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are loaded and executed by the processor to perform the following steps:

[0119] Acquire array acoustic logging data, electrical imaging logging data, and production profile data. Process the acquired array acoustic logging data to obtain P-wave, S-wave, and Stoneley wave data.

[0120] The baseline is determined based on Stoneley wave data. The Stoneley wave attenuation index is obtained using the baseline and the amplitude value of Stoneley wave data. The Stoneley wave attenuation index is then improved.

[0121] Based on the obtained electrical imaging logging data and P-wave and S-wave data, the normal stress value is calculated.

[0122] Based on the improved Stoneley wave attenuation index and normal stress value, combined with the fluid production profile data, a fracture effectiveness evaluation chart was compiled to semi-quantitatively evaluate the fracture effectiveness type.

[0123] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a computer device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0124] Please see Figure 5The terminal device is a computer device. In this embodiment, the computer device 60 includes a processor 61, a memory 62, and a computer program 63 stored in the memory 62 and executable on the processor 61. When executed by the processor 61, the computer program 63 implements the fluid composition calculation method in the reservoir stimulation wellbore of this embodiment. To avoid repetition, these details are not elaborated here. Alternatively, when executed by the processor 61, the computer program 63 implements the functions of each model / unit in the fluid composition calculation system in the reservoir stimulation wellbore of this embodiment. To avoid repetition, these details are not elaborated here.

[0125] Computer device 60 can be a desktop computer, laptop, handheld computer, cloud server, or other computing device. Computer device 60 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 61 and a memory 62. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 5 This is merely an example of computer device 60 and does not constitute a limitation on computer device 60. It may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or different components. For example, computer device may also include input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0126] The processor 61 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, CPUs, graphics processing units (GPUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic units, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0127] The memory 62 can be an internal storage unit of the computer device 60, such as a hard disk or RAM of the computer device 60. The memory 62 can also be an external storage device of the computer device 60, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, etc. equipped on the computer device 60.

[0128] Furthermore, the memory 62 may include both internal storage units of the computer device 60 and external storage devices. The memory 62 is used to store computer programs and other programs and data required by the computer device. The memory 62 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0129] Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM may be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM), etc.

[0130] The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0131] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0132] Please see Figure 6 The terminal device 600 is an electronic device, which takes the form of a general-purpose computing device. The components of the electronic device may include, but are not limited to: at least one processing unit 610, at least one storage unit 620, a bus 630 connecting different platform components (including storage unit 620 and processing unit 610), a display unit 640, etc.

[0133] The storage unit stores program code, which can be executed by the processing unit 610 to perform the steps described in the method section of this specification according to various exemplary embodiments of the present invention. For example, the processing unit 610 can perform actions such as... Figure 1 The steps are shown in the figure.

[0134] Storage unit 620 may include a readable medium in the form of a volatile storage unit, such as random access memory (RAM) 6201 and / or cache memory 6202, and may further include a read-only memory (ROM) 6203.

[0135] Storage unit 620 may also include a program / utility 6204 having a set (at least one) program module 6205, such program module 6205 including but not limited to: operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules and program data, each or some combination of these examples may include an implementation of a network environment.

[0136] Bus 630 can represent one or more of several types of bus structures, including a memory cell bus or memory cell controller, a peripheral bus, a graphics acceleration port, a processing unit, or a local bus using any of the multiple bus structures.

[0137] Electronic device 600 can also communicate with one or more external devices 700 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, Bluetooth device, etc.), and with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with electronic device 600, and / or with any device that enables electronic device 600 to communicate with one or more other computing devices (e.g., router, modem, etc.). This communication can be performed via input / output (I / O) interface 650. Furthermore, electronic device 600 can also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and / or public networks, such as the Internet) via network adapter 660. Network adapter 660 can communicate with other modules of electronic device 600 via bus 630. It should be understood that, although not shown in the figures, other hardware and / or software modules can be used in conjunction with electronic device 600, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage platforms.

[0138] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0139] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0140] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0141] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this invention can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0142] In the embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices / terminals and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device / terminal embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0143] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0144] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0145] If the integrated module / unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording media, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc. It should be noted that the content included in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately added or removed according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media do not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0146] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0147] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0148] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0149] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured, low-porosity sandstone reservoirs, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Acquire array acoustic logging data, electrical imaging logging data, and production profile data. Process the acquired array acoustic logging data to obtain P-wave, S-wave, and Stoneley wave data. The baseline is determined based on Stoneley wave data. The Stoneley wave attenuation index is obtained using the baseline and the amplitude value of Stoneley wave data. The Stoneley wave attenuation index is then improved. Based on the obtained electrical imaging logging data and P-wave and S-wave data, the normal stress value is calculated. Based on the improved Stoneley wave attenuation index and normal stress value, combined with the fluid production profile data, a fracture effectiveness evaluation chart was compiled to semi-quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the fracture.

2. The method for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for determining the Stoneley wave attenuation index are as follows: the amplitude value of the Stoneley wave is obtained by performing spectral analysis on the waveform measured by the array acoustic wave, and the amplitude value of the Stoneley wave is converted into the Stoneley wave attenuation index.

3. The method for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before converting the amplitude value of the Stoneley wave into the Stoneley wave decay index, the amplitude value of the Stoneley wave data is normalized.

4. A method for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured, low-porosity sandstone reservoirs according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The formula for the Stoneley wave attenuation index is: Where n represents the number of array data rows; It is the base value of the normalized Stoneley wave amplitude value of the i-th Stoneley wave amplitude array data; λ is the normalized Stoneley wave amplitude value of the i-th Stoneley wave amplitude array data; λ represents the Stoneley wave attenuation index.

5. The method for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The improvement to the Stoneley wave attenuation index is based on the influence of wellbore enlargement and clay content on Stoneley waves.

6. The method for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The improved Stoneley wave attenuation index formula is as follows: In the formula, This represents the Stoneley wave decay index. This represents the Stoneley wave attenuation index after correction for clay content and wellbore diameter. CAL represents the wellbore diameter, and BIT represents the drill bit size. Indicates the mud content.

7. A method for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured low-porosity sandstone reservoirs according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the normal stress value is: In the formula: Indicates normal stress; Indicates the maximum horizontal principal stress; Indicates the minimum horizontal principal stress; Indicates the effective longitudinal stress; Indicates the crack inclination angle; This indicates the angle between the direction of the maximum principal stress and the crack direction.

8. A system for evaluating the effectiveness of deep fractured, low-porosity sandstone reservoirs, characterized in that, It includes an acquisition module, an improvement module, a calculation module, and an evaluation module, among which: Acquisition module: used to acquire array acoustic logging data, electrical imaging logging data and production profile data, and to process the acquired array acoustic logging data to obtain P-wave, S-wave and Stoneley wave data; Improved module: Determines the baseline and Stoneley wave attenuation index based on Stoneley wave data, and improves the Stoneley wave attenuation index; Calculation module: used to calculate the normal stress value based on the obtained electrical imaging logging data and P-wave and S-wave data; Evaluation module: Used to compile a fracture effectiveness evaluation chart based on the improved Stoneley wave attenuation index and normal stress value, combined with the fluid production profile data, to semi-quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the fracture.

9. A terminal device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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