Signal modulation method and control equipment
By adjusting the rotation angle of the metasurface system and the electromagnetic wave parameters of the broadband feed antenna, the problem of the inability of planar lens antennas to switch beams in multiple directions was solved, and flexible switching and range expansion of high-gain beams were achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing planar lens antennas cannot adapt to multi-directional beam switching, and the operation process is complicated with a limited range of beam direction changes.
By adjusting the rotation angle of the metasurface in the metasurface system and the electromagnetic wave amplitude and phase of the broadband feed antenna, multiple transmission channels corresponding to the beam directions are formed, and the phase modulation coefficient is optimized to form a high-gain beam.
It enables flexible switching of high-gain beams in multiple directions, is easy to operate, expands the range of beam direction changes, and is suitable for multi-directional beam switching scenarios.
Smart Images
Figure CN121748814A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of antenna design, and in particular relates to signal modulation methods and control devices. Background Technology
[0002] High-gain antennas have wide applications in wireless communication, radar detection, satellite communication, and deep space exploration. With the rapid development of wireless technology, the demand for efficient, long-distance transmission and precise beam control of high-gain antennas is constantly increasing.
[0003] High-gain curved antennas (such as parabolic antennas and Cassegrain antennas) work by using a parabolic reflector to focus incident electromagnetic waves at a focal point, or to collimate and reflect the radiated energy from the feed source, thereby forming a highly directional beam for long-distance signal transmission and reception. However, the gain of such antennas is directly determined by the diameter of the curved reflector. To increase the antenna gain, the diameter of the curved reflector needs to be increased, which is quite difficult to manufacture.
[0004] To address the challenge of fabricating high-gain curved antennas, a planar lens antenna constructed using metasurface technology was introduced. The principle behind this method is to precisely design subwavelength-scale microstructure units on the lens surface to modulate the phase of the incident electromagnetic wave. This allows for achieving high-gain performance equivalent to that of a curved high-gain antenna while reducing fabrication complexity.
[0005] However, using current planar lens antennas, in order to change the direction of the high-gain beam of the emitted electromagnetic wave, it is necessary to move the broadband feed antenna within a certain range. The operation process is complicated, and the range of change of the high-gain beam direction is extremely limited, making it unsuitable for multi-directional beam switching scenarios. Summary of the Invention
[0006] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a signal modulation method and control device to solve the problem that existing planar lens antennas cannot adapt to multi-directional beam switching scenarios.
[0007] A first aspect of this application provides a signal modulation method, including: When the broadband feed antenna is located at the focusing position of the metasurface system, the rotation angle of at least one metasurface in the metasurface system is adjusted so that the metasurface system forms multiple transmission channels corresponding to the beam directions respectively. Each transmission channel corresponds to a mechanical configuration, and the mechanical configuration includes the rotation angles corresponding to the multiple metasurfaces in the metasurface system respectively. The amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the broadband feed antenna are adjusted so that after the electromagnetic waves pass through each of the transmission channels, a high-gain beam is formed in the beam direction corresponding to the transmission channel.
[0008] In one embodiment, the metasurface comprises a plurality of metacells, and the method further comprises: [The method is described in the original text, but the translation is incomplete. It can be left as is.] When the phase modulation coefficient of the supercell is the initial phase modulation coefficient, the amplitude of the actual focused field formed after the incident wave passes through each of the transmission channels is determined. Based on the differences between the amplitudes of the multiple actual focusing fields and the corresponding theoretical focusing fields, the initial phase modulation coefficient is iteratively optimized until the iteration termination condition is met, thereby obtaining the target phase modulation coefficient, which is used to modulate the phase of the electromagnetic wave.
[0009] In one embodiment, the incident wave includes a plurality of tilted outgoing plane waves in the beam direction.
[0010] In one embodiment, the incident wave covers multiple frequency points within the target bandwidth. Given that the phase modulation coefficient of the supercell is the initial phase modulation coefficient, determining the amplitude of the actual focused field formed after the incident wave passes through each of the transmission channels includes: The amplitude of the actual focusing field of each transmission channel at each frequency point is determined based on the complex amplitude of each transmission channel corresponding to each frequency point and the initial phase modulation coefficient of the supercell of each metasurface.
[0011] In one embodiment, the actual focal field and the theoretical focal field of each frequency point are located on the focal plane where the focal position is located, and the theoretical focal field is a focal pattern of a preset size located at the center of the focal plane.
[0012] In one embodiment, after obtaining the target phase modulation coefficient, the method further includes: When the phase modulation coefficient of the supercell is the target phase modulation coefficient, determine the amplitude and phase of the target focused field formed after the incident wave passes through each of the transmission channels; Based on the amplitude and phase of the target focusing field, the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic wave passing through the corresponding transmission channel are determined.
[0013] In one embodiment, in each of the mechanical configurations, the rotation angle of each of the metasurfaces is 0°, 90°, 180°, or 270°.
[0014] In one embodiment, a plurality of the metasurfaces are arranged at uniform intervals along the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave, and the spacing between adjacent metasurfaces is 8 to 10 times the center operating wavelength of the broadband feed antenna.
[0015] In one embodiment, the broadband feed antenna is a broadband phased array feed.
[0016] A second aspect of this application provides a signal modulation apparatus, comprising: The first adjustment module is used to adjust the rotation angle of at least one metasurface in the metasurface system when the broadband feed antenna is located at the focusing position of the metasurface system, so that the metasurface system forms multiple transmission channels corresponding to the beam directions respectively, wherein each transmission channel corresponds to a mechanical configuration, and the mechanical configuration includes the rotation angles corresponding to the multiple metasurfaces in the metasurface system respectively. The second adjustment module is used to adjust the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the broadband feed antenna, so that the electromagnetic wave forms a high-gain beam in the beam direction corresponding to each transmission channel after passing through each transmission channel.
[0017] A third aspect of this application provides a control device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the signal modulation method as described in the first aspect above.
[0018] A fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the signal modulation method described in the first aspect above.
[0019] The fifth aspect of this application provides a computer program product that, when run on a control device, causes the control device to execute the signal modulation method described in any one of the first aspects.
[0020] The beneficial effects of this application embodiment compared with the prior art are as follows: the rotation angles corresponding to multiple metasurfaces respectively form a mechanical configuration. By adjusting the rotation angle of at least one metasurface in the metasurface system, a variety of different mechanical configurations can be obtained, thereby obtaining multiple transmission channels corresponding to multiple beam directions. This allows the electromagnetic waves emitted by the broadband feed antenna to form high-gain beams in different beam directions after passing through different transmission channels. Therefore, by adjusting the rotation angle of the metasurface, the high-gain beam can be adjusted in multiple beam directions. The operation is simple and can be applied to multi-directional beam switching scenarios. Attached Figure Description
[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.
[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation flow of a signal modulation method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of signal modulation performed by the metasurface system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the beam direction provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0023] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.
[0024] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.
[0025] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0026] It should also be further understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.
[0027] As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "when," "once," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, the phrases "if determined" or "if [described condition or event] is detected" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "once determined," "in response to determination," "once [described condition or event] is detected," or "in response to detection of [described condition or event]."
[0028] The signal modulation method provided in this application is illustrated below.
[0029] Please see the appendix Figure 1 The signal modulation method provided in one embodiment of this application includes S101~S102.
[0030] S101: When the broadband feed antenna is located at the focusing position of the metasurface system, adjust the rotation angle of at least one metasurface in the metasurface system so that the metasurface system forms multiple transmission channels corresponding to the beam directions respectively, wherein each transmission channel corresponds to a mechanical configuration, and the mechanical configuration includes the rotation angles corresponding to the multiple metasurfaces in the metasurface system respectively.
[0031] Specifically, the focusing position of the metasurface system can be preset. A broadband feed antenna is used to transmit electromagnetic waves, and the metasurface system comprises multiple metasurfaces spaced sequentially along the electromagnetic wave propagation direction. The rotation angles along the axial direction corresponding to each of the multiple metasurfaces constitute a mechanical configuration. By adjusting the rotation angle of at least one metasurface in the metasurface system, various different mechanical configurations can be obtained, thereby generating multiple transmission channels corresponding to different beam directions. Each metasurface includes multiple super-elements; for example, each metasurface is in the positive direction and includes M×M (M≥30) super-elements. Each super-element modulates the electromagnetic wave. Therefore, the modulation effect of the metasurface system on the electromagnetic wave varies under different transmission channels.
[0032] In one embodiment, the metasurface system may include 2 to 4 metasurfaces, which are arranged at uniform intervals along the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves. The spacing between adjacent metasurfaces is 8 to 10 times the center operating wavelength of the broadband feed antenna, which can improve the structural compactness of the metasurface system while ensuring effective diffraction of electromagnetic waves.
[0033] In one embodiment, in each mechanical configuration, the rotation angle of each metasurface is 0°, 90°, 180°, or 270°. By combining different rotation angles of different metasurfaces, four... N-1 There are four mechanical channels, where N represents the number of metasurfaces. Since the four rotation angles form orthogonal angles, it is convenient to position each metasurface, reducing the structural complexity of the metasurface system.
[0034] S102: Adjust the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the broadband feed antenna so that after the electromagnetic wave passes through each of the transmission channels, a high-gain beam is formed in the beam direction corresponding to the transmission channel.
[0035] Each transmission channel corresponds to a pre-recorded amplitude and phase. After rotating the metasurface, the metasurface system constitutes one of the transmission channels. The amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the broadband feed antenna are adjusted to match the amplitude and phase of the transmission channel. This allows the electromagnetic wave to form a high-gain beam in the corresponding beam direction after passing through each transmission channel. For each beam direction, forming a high-gain beam means that the energy of the electromagnetic wave is highly concentrated in that beam direction.
[0036] In one embodiment, the broadband feed antenna is a broadband phased array feed, which includes multiple (e.g., a 2×2 array) radiating elements. By adjusting the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic wave output by each radiating element, the amplitude and phase of the superimposed electromagnetic wave can be made consistent with the amplitude and phase of the transmission channel.
[0037] In the above embodiments, by adjusting the rotation angle of the metasurface in the metasurface system, the metasurface system can form multiple transmission channels corresponding to different beam directions. By adjusting the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the broadband feed antenna, the electromagnetic waves can form a high-gain beam in the beam direction corresponding to each transmission channel after passing through each transmission channel. Therefore, without introducing additional hardware structures, the beam direction switching of the high-gain beam can be achieved simply by rotating the metasurface.
[0038] In one embodiment, the target phase modulation coefficient of each supercell can be determined first through an optimization algorithm, and then the corresponding metasurface can be processed or adjusted according to the target phase modulation coefficient of each supercell to achieve accurate modulation of electromagnetic waves by the supercells in the metasurface.
[0039] Specifically, an initial phase modulation coefficient is set. Given that the phase modulation coefficient of the supercell is the initial phase modulation coefficient, the amplitude of the actual focused field formed after the incident wave passes through each transmission channel is determined. Based on the differences between the amplitudes of multiple actual focused fields and the corresponding theoretical focused fields, the initial phase modulation coefficient is iteratively optimized until the iteration termination condition is met, yielding the target phase modulation coefficient. The target phase modulation coefficient is used for phase modulation of the electromagnetic wave. Therefore, the optimized target phase modulation coefficient ensures that the difference between the amplitude of the actual focused field and the corresponding theoretical focused field is minimized in all transmission channels, ensuring that the electromagnetic wave can form a high-gain beam in multiple beam directions after passing through the metasurface system.
[0040] In one embodiment, the incident wave covers multiple (e.g., 10-15) frequency points within the target bandwidth range. The amplitude of the actual focused field of each transmission channel at each frequency point can be determined based on the complex amplitude of each transmission channel corresponding to each frequency point and the initial phase modulation coefficient of the supercell of each metasurface. Then, based on the difference between the amplitudes of the multiple actual focused fields and the amplitudes of the corresponding theoretical focused fields, the initial phase modulation coefficients are iteratively optimized, so that the obtained target phase modulation coefficients are adapted to each frequency point, enabling each frequency point to achieve a high-gain beam in the specified beam direction, thereby improving the stability of the subsequently obtained high-gain beam.
[0041] For example, the incident wave comprises tilted outgoing plane waves in multiple beam directions, thus corresponding to an ideal high-gain beam in each beam direction, improving optimization accuracy. The incident wave covers multiple frequency points within the target bandwidth range, which can be obtained by uniformly dividing the target bandwidth range. For the ... The incident wave at the nth frequency, at the nth frequency The complex amplitude of each channel is used express.
[0042] ,in, Indicates the first The elevation angle of the beam direction corresponding to each channel. Indicates the first The azimuth angle of the beam direction corresponding to each channel This represents the x-coordinate of the discretized incident wave on the incident plane. This represents the ordinate of the discretized incident wave on the incident plane. Indicates frequency, It represents the speed of light.
[0043] When an incident wave passes through a metasurface system, it is first modulated by the first metasurface. The resulting modulated beam is then diffracted to the second metasurface, where it is modulated again. After multiple modulations and diffractions, an actual focused field is formed on the focal plane. The modulation of the incident wave by the metasurface is equivalent to the modulation of the incident wave by the supercells within the metasurface. For the first... The incident wave at the nth frequency, at the nth frequency The actual focused field obtained after modulation and diffraction in each channel is used express.
[0044] ,in, This represents the diffraction matrix, and the elements of the diffraction matrix are given by the formula... Sure, Indicates the first The center coordinates of a supercell in a hypersurface Indicates the first The center coordinates of a supercell in a hypersurface Indicates the center coordinates as The supercell and center coordinates are The diffraction connectivity between superunits, Indicates the center coordinates as The supercell and center coordinates are Euclidean distance between superunits Indicates the first The modulation matrix of the transmission coefficient of the metasurface to the incident wave. Indicates the first The rotation angle of a metasurface.
[0045] By traversing all transmission channels and all frequency points, the actual focus field of each transmission channel at each frequency point is obtained. The actual focus field is the focus pattern located on a defined focal plane, while the theoretical focus field is the focus pattern located at the center of the focal plane. For example, the theoretical focus field is located within a square region with a side length of K (e.g., 2-4 pixels) at the center of the image. For one frequency point of one channel, the amplitude of the theoretical focus field can be determined based on the complex amplitude of the frequency point and the region where the theoretical focus field is located.
[0046] Based on the difference between the amplitude of the actual focused field and the corresponding theoretical focused field at each frequency point for each transmission channel, the initial phase modulation system is optimized to minimize the amplitude difference. For example, a backward gradient descent algorithm is used, according to the formula... The phase modulation coefficient is optimized until a set number of iterations (e.g., 300-500 times) is reached to obtain the target phase modulation coefficient. Represents the phase modulation coefficient. This represents the amplitude of the actual focused field. This represents the amplitude of the theoretically focused field.
[0047] By arranging metasurfaces with phase modulation coefficients equal to the target phase modulation coefficient at a set spacing, a metasurface system can be obtained. The focusing position of the metasurface system is located at the center of the focusing plane, and the focusing position is used to place the broadband feed antenna.
[0048] In one embodiment, after constructing the metasurface system, i.e., when the phase modulation coefficient of the metacell is the target phase modulation coefficient, the amplitude and phase of the target focused field formed on the focal plane after the incident wave passes through each transmission channel are determined and recorded to obtain the optimal amplitude and phase corresponding to each transmission channel. Then, a broadband feed antenna is placed at the target focusing position, and the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the broadband feed antenna are adjusted to match the amplitude and phase corresponding to the current transmission channel. This allows the electromagnetic wave to form a high-gain beam in the beam direction corresponding to the transmission channel after passing through the corresponding transmission channel. The adjustment speed is fast, and the accuracy of the high-gain beam direction is improved by precisely replicating the optimal amplitude and phase.
[0049] The above signal modulation method will be explained below with reference to specific scenarios.
[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the metasurface system comprises two metasurfaces, each containing 60×60 supercells. The distance between the two metasurfaces and the distance from the exiting metasurface to the focal plane are both eight times the central operating wavelength. By rotating the two metasurfaces, four mechanical configurations can be constructed, corresponding to four transmission channels. Figure 3 As shown, the beam directions corresponding to the four transmission channels are (0°, 0°), (10°, 0°), (-10°, 0°), and (0°, 10°), respectively. The operating frequency band of the metasurface system is 1.3GHz~1.7GHz. Based on this operating frequency band, 10 frequency points are determined. The complex amplitude of the incident wave at each frequency point in each channel is constructed based on the frequency and beam direction of the 10 frequency points. Forward propagation models of the two metasurfaces are constructed. The forward propagation models include the initial phase modulation coefficients of the metacells, which are used to characterize the modulation and diffraction of the incident wave by the metasurface system. Based on the complex amplitude of each frequency point in each transmission channel and the forward propagation model, the actual focused field formed on the focal plane by the incident wave at each frequency point after modulation and diffraction by the metacell system in each transmission channel is determined. Based on the difference between the amplitude of the actual focused field and the corresponding theoretical focused field at each frequency point in each transmission channel, the initial phase modulation coefficients are optimized using a gradient descent algorithm. This process is iterated repeatedly until the target phase modulation coefficients are obtained.
[0051] With the phase modulation coefficient of the supercell matching the target phase modulation coefficient, the amplitude and phase of the target focused field formed after the incident wave passes through each transmission channel are determined, and the amplitude and phase corresponding to each transmission channel are recorded. A 2×2 broadband phased array feed is placed at the focusing position of the focal plane. While adjusting the rotation angle of the metasurface, the corresponding amplitude and phase are determined according to the transmission channel corresponding to the current mechanical configuration. Adjusting the amplitude and phase of the broadband phased array feed to match the amplitude and phase corresponding to the transmission channel ensures that the electromagnetic wave forms a high-gain beam in the beam direction corresponding to the transmission channel after passing through it. By rotating the metasurface, four transmission channels are obtained, corresponding to the formation of high-gain beams in four beam directions.
[0052] In the above embodiments, a metasurface system composed of multiple metasurfaces is used to modulate electromagnetic waves. This achieves high-gain beams without the need for complex curved surface fabrication and is more compact than curved lens structures. By rotating the metasurfaces, the metasurface system can form multiple transmission channels, enabling switching of the high-gain beam direction without introducing additional hardware and algorithms, and expanding the range of beam direction variation. When optimizing the phase modulation coefficients of the supercells, a multi-frequency point collaborative optimization method is used, thereby achieving synchronous gain improvement at multiple frequency points. This results in a broadband gain improvement of less than 40% relative bandwidth and adaptability to multiple frequency bands from GHz to THz communication.
[0053] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.
[0054] Corresponding to the signal modulation method described in the above embodiments, this application provides a signal modulation apparatus. The signal modulation apparatus includes a first adjustment module and a second adjustment module.
[0055] The first adjustment module is used to adjust the rotation angle of at least one metasurface in the metasurface system when the broadband feed antenna is located at the focusing position of the metasurface system, so that the metasurface system forms multiple transmission channels corresponding to the beam directions respectively, wherein each transmission channel corresponds to a mechanical configuration, and the mechanical configuration includes the rotation angles corresponding to the multiple metasurfaces in the metasurface system respectively. The second adjustment module is used to adjust the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the broadband feed antenna, so that the electromagnetic wave forms a high-gain beam in the beam direction corresponding to each transmission channel after passing through each transmission channel.
[0056] In one embodiment, the first adjustment module is further configured to: When the phase modulation coefficient of the supercell is the initial phase modulation coefficient, the amplitude of the actual focused field formed after the incident wave passes through each of the transmission channels is determined. Based on the differences between the amplitudes of the multiple actual focusing fields and the corresponding theoretical focusing fields, the initial phase modulation coefficient is iteratively optimized until the iteration termination condition is met, thereby obtaining the target phase modulation coefficient, which is used to modulate the phase of the electromagnetic wave.
[0057] In one embodiment, the incident wave covers multiple frequency points within the target bandwidth range, and the first adjustment module is further configured to: The amplitude of the actual focusing field of each transmission channel at each frequency point is determined based on the complex amplitude of each transmission channel corresponding to each frequency point and the initial phase modulation coefficient of the supercell of each metasurface.
[0058] In one embodiment, the second adjustment module is further configured to: When the phase modulation coefficient of the supercell is the target phase modulation coefficient, determine the amplitude and phase of the target focused field formed after the incident wave passes through each of the transmission channels; Based on the amplitude and phase of the target focusing field, the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic wave passing through the corresponding transmission channel are determined.
[0059] It should be noted that the information interaction and execution process between the above-mentioned devices / units are based on the same concept as the method embodiments of this application. For details on their specific functions and technical effects, please refer to the method embodiments section, and they will not be repeated here.
[0060] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control device provided in the embodiments of this application. The control device is used to control the rotation of the metasurface and to control the broadband feed antenna to adjust the amplitude and phase of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. It is also used to optimize the phase modulation coefficient of the metacell.
[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, the control device in this embodiment includes: a processor 11, a memory 12, and a computer program 13 stored in the memory 12 and executable on the processor 11. When the processor 11 executes the computer program 13, it implements the steps in the above-described signal modulation method embodiment, for example... Figure 1 The steps S101 to S102 are shown. Alternatively, when the processor 11 executes the computer program 13, it implements the functions of each module / unit in the above-described device embodiments.
[0062] For example, the computer program 13 may be divided into one or more modules / units, which are stored in the memory 12 and executed by the processor 11 to complete this application. The one or more modules / units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing a specific function, which describe the execution process of the computer program 13 in the control device.
[0063] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 4 This is merely an example of a control device and does not constitute a limitation on the control device. It may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or different components. For example, the control device may also include input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.
[0064] The processor 11 can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.
[0065] The memory 12 can be an internal storage unit of the control device, such as a hard drive or RAM. Alternatively, the memory 12 can be an external storage device, such as a plug-in hard drive, Smart Media Card (SMC), Secure Digital (SD) card, or Flash Card. Furthermore, the memory 12 can include both internal and external storage units. The memory 12 is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the control device. The memory 12 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.
[0066] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
[0067] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.
[0068] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus / control devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus / control device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.
[0069] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.
[0070] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.
[0071] If an integrated module / unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium, etc. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
[0072] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A method of modulating a signal, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: When a broadband feed antenna is located at a focusing position of a metasurface system, the rotation angle of at least one metasurface in the metasurface system is adjusted, so that the metasurface system forms a plurality of transmission channels corresponding to a plurality of beam directions respectively, wherein each transmission channel corresponds to a mechanical configuration, and the mechanical configuration comprises the rotation angle of each metasurface in the metasurface system; The amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the broadband feed antenna are adjusted, so that the electromagnetic wave forms a high-gain beam in the beam direction corresponding to each transmission channel after passing through each transmission channel.
2. The signal modulation method of claim 1, wherein, The metasurface comprises a plurality of super units, and before the rotation angle of at least one metasurface in the metasurface system is adjusted, the method further comprises the following steps: In the case that the phase modulation coefficient of the super unit is an initial phase modulation coefficient, the amplitude of the actual focusing field formed after the incident wave passes through each transmission channel is determined; According to the difference between the amplitude of each actual focusing field and the amplitude of the corresponding theoretical focusing field, the initial phase modulation coefficient is iteratively optimized until an iteration end condition is reached, to obtain a target phase modulation coefficient, which is used for phase modulation of the electromagnetic wave.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein The incident wave comprises a plurality of inclined outgoing plane waves in the beam direction.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein The incident wave covers a plurality of frequency points in a target bandwidth range, and in the case that the phase modulation coefficient of the super unit is an initial phase modulation coefficient, the amplitude of the actual focusing field formed after the incident wave passes through each transmission channel is determined by the following steps: According to the complex amplitude of each transmission channel corresponding to each frequency point and the initial phase modulation coefficient of the super unit of each metasurface, the amplitude of the actual focusing field of each transmission channel at each frequency point is determined.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein The actual focusing field of each frequency point and the theoretical focusing field are located on a focal plane where the focusing position is located, and the theoretical focusing field is a focusing pattern with a preset size located at the center of the focal plane.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein After obtaining the target phase modulation coefficient, the method further comprises the following steps: In the case that the phase modulation coefficient of the super unit is a target phase modulation coefficient, the amplitude and phase of the target focusing field formed after the incident wave passes through each transmission channel are determined; According to the amplitude and phase of the target focusing field, the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic wave passing through the corresponding transmission channel are determined.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein In each mechanical configuration, the rotation angle of each metasurface is 0°, 90°, 180° or 270°.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein The plurality of metasurfaces are arranged along the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave at uniform intervals, and the interval between adjacent metasurfaces is 8 to 10 times the center operating wavelength of the broadband feed antenna.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein The broadband feed antenna is a broadband phased array feed.
10. A control device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program to implement the signal modulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9. The processor executes the computer program to implement the signal modulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.