A dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on tri-doped rare earth ions and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on three doped rare earth ions Dual-wavelength microsphere laser and preparation method thereof, the Dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on three doped rare earth ions includes, quartz optical fiber, the middle part of the quartz optical fiber is provided with taper area;Pump light source, it is set in one end of the quartz optical fiber;Erbium-holmium-ytterbium three-doped tellurite glass microsphere, place in the taper area;Pump light emitted by the pump light source is guided to the taper area by the single-mode optical fiber, and carries out optical coupling with the erbium-holmium-ytterbium three-doped tellurite glass microsphere;In the erbium-holmium-ytterbium three-doped tellurite glass microsphere, with infrared-transmitting tellurite glass as matrix, according to mass percentage content, erbium element doping amount is 0.11%, holmium element doping amount is 0.22%, and ytterbium element doping amount is 0.80%.The Dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on three doped rare earth ions of the application realizes high-efficiency stable dual-wavelength laser output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser fabrication technology, and more specifically, to a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on triple rare-earth ion doping and its fabrication method. Background Technology

[0002] Driven by the rapid development of integrated photonics, the increasing demand for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology, and the expanding applications of multicolor spectroscopy, laser source technology within micro-optical resonators is undergoing a significant evolution from single-wavelength to multi-wavelength emission. To meet the requirements of increasingly complex multifunctional photonic integrated systems, researchers are dedicated to developing micro-laser devices capable of realizing dual-wavelength or even multi-wavelength lasing within a single resonant cavity.

[0003] Currently, methods for achieving dual-wavelength laser emission mainly involve two approaches. The first approach utilizes multiple transition channels of a single rare-earth ion. For example, Zhao et al. (Zhao X, Liu M, Xu N, Wang S and Wang P 2024) J. Lumin. 269 ​​120545) using Ho 3+ Different transitions of ions demonstrate the single Ho 3+ Doped fluoroaluminate glass microspheres emitted laser light at dual wavelengths of approximately 1.2 μm and approximately 2.0 μm. Similarly, in single-doped Er... 3+ Dual-wavelength laser emission at approximately 0.85 μm and approximately 1.55 μm was achieved in fluorozirconate glass microspheres. While effective, this method is inherently limited to the specific energy level structure of the selected single ion. A second approach involves co-doping multiple rare-earth ions within a single resonant cavity to achieve a wider and more flexible combination of emission wavelengths through a designed energy transfer network, offering greater versatility. For example, Liu et al. (Liu J, Xu J, Guo X, Liao T and Huang Y 2020 Proc. SPIE 11567 952) achieved this in Er 3+ / Yb 3+ / TM 3+ This potential was demonstrated in co-doped tellurate glass microspheres, where multiple characteristic fluorescence peaks in the visible spectrum were generated under optical pumping. This work highlights the ability of multi-ion systems to produce distinct emissions. However, this presents a greater challenge for achieving laser emission in such complex systems—which requires efficient population inversion rather than just fluorescence. Complex energy transfer and cross-relaxation processes can significantly reduce the metastable states required for lasers, and this challenge is further amplified when targeting mid-infrared transitions, as these transitions are highly sensitive to non-radiative losses, thus imposing even stricter requirements on the matrix glass.

[0004] Among numerous matrix material options, the performance of glass matrices is crucial for achieving efficient and stable dual-wavelength lasers. An ideal matrix material needs to possess low phonon energy to enhance the quantum efficiency of luminescent ions, have a wide infrared transmission window to support multi-band laser emission, and exhibit excellent chemical and physical stability to ensure device reliability and lifespan. In recent years, tellurate glass, with its unique material properties, has become a highly promising material, cleverly combining the low phonon energy characteristics (approximately 750 cm⁻¹) of fluoride glass. -1 The excellent chemical stability and wide infrared transparency of tellurite glass provide an ideal platform for activating rare-earth ions and achieving efficient mid-infrared luminescence. Despite its significant material advantages, the potential of tellurite glass as an active medium in supporting dual-wavelength whispering-gallery mode microcavity lasers has not yet been fully explored and verified, and there is still a gap to be bridged between its excellent material properties and its application in functional photonic devices. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that existing lasers are difficult to achieve efficient and stable dual-wavelength laser emission. In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on triple rare earth ion doping and its preparation method.

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on triple-doped rare-earth ions, comprising,

[0007] Quartz optical fiber, wherein a tapered region is provided in the middle of the quartz optical fiber;

[0008] A pump light source is disposed at one end of the quartz optical fiber;

[0009] Erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres are placed in the conical region of the quartz optical fiber;

[0010] The pump light emitted by the pump source is guided to the cone region through the quartz optical fiber and optically coupled with the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres;

[0011] The erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurite glass microspheres use infrared-transmitting tellurite glass as the matrix, and the erbium doping content is 0.11%, the holmium doping content is 0.22%, and the ytterbium doping content is 0.80% by mass percentage.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, under the illumination of pump light, the quartz optical fiber guides the pump light to the cone region and specific doping amounts of erbium, holmium, and ytterbium (Er). 3+ / Ho 3+ / Yb 3+ Tri-ion co-doped tellurate glass microspheres coupling. Yb 3+ Ions, acting as sensitizers, are excited to [a state] via ground-state absorption (GSA).2 F 5 / 2 Energy levels, which then transfer energy to Er via resonant energy transfer (ET1). 3+ of 4 I 11 / 2 Energy level. Then, through nonradiative relaxation (NR) to the metastable Er state. 3+ of 4 I 13 / 2 After the energy level, population inversion occurs, leading to the passage through Er 3+ of 4 I 13 / 2 → 4 I 15 / 2 Stable laser emission at approximately 1550nm during the transition. Simultaneously, Yb 3+ It also occupies Ho through phonon-assisted energy transfer (ET2). 3+ of 5 The I6 level then undergoes nonradiative relaxation to the Ho level. 3+ of 5 I7 energy level. Then the cross-relaxation process (Er 3+ : 4 I 13 / 2 +Ho 3+ : 5 I8→Er 3+ : 4 I 15 / 2 +Ho 3+ : 5 I7) can further enhance Ho 3+ Ions in 5 The particle population of the I7 level directly contributes to the generation of the corresponding energy level. 5 I7→ 5 The approximately 2100 nm laser output from the I8 transition provides the crucial population inversion condition, corresponding to 5 I7→ 5 Stable laser output at approximately 2100 nm via the I8 transition. This means that the dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on triple rare-earth ion doping of this invention achieves efficient and stable dual-wavelength laser output. Controlling the doping amounts of the three dopant ions is a necessary condition for realizing the above-mentioned excitation mechanism.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the ratio of the diameter of the cone region to the diameter of the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres is (1-2):49.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the ratio (1-2):49 has three main advantages: First, the fiber taper region within this diameter range can generate a strong evanescent field, with a large overlap area and intensity matching with the microsphere surface mode. This allows for the efficient transmission of 976 nm pump light into the microsphere and the efficient transmission of approximately 1550 nm and 2100 nm lasers generated within the microsphere. Second, through precise dimensional design, selective excitation of specific whispering-gallery modes within the microsphere is achieved, which is beneficial for obtaining pure and stable laser output. Third, an optimal balance is achieved between efficient coupling and system robustness, enabling the realization of the challenging experiment of low-threshold, dual-wavelength synchronous lasing.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres are prepared by the following method:

[0016] S1. Weigh the raw materials for holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass respectively, and prepare holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass respectively by melting method;

[0017] S2. The holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and the erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass obtained in step S1 are respectively made into holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass powder and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass powder, and then fully mixed in equal mass ratio. The mixed powder is then melted and cooled to prepare erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the preparation of Er was first optimized. 3+ / Yb 3+ Co-doping with Ho 3+ / Yb 3+ Two glass components were co-doped, and then the two glass powders were mixed in equal mass ratios and melted together to ultimately form glass microspheres doped with three ions. This pre-synthesis followed by mixing method allows Er... 3+ and Ho 3+ The formation of a certain nanoscale spatial separation within the microspheres helps to suppress potential reverse energy transfer or cross-relaxation quenching between the two components, thus preserving their respective high-efficiency luminescence properties.

[0019] In one possible implementation, step S1 is specifically operated as follows: raw materials for holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass are weighed separately; the raw materials for holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass are melted separately to obtain holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass liquid and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass liquid, and oxygen is introduced while continuously stirring during the melting process; the holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass liquid and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass liquid are transferred to annealing furnaces for cooling treatment to obtain holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, oxygen-flushing stirring effectively suppresses the formation of reduction centers and reduces component segregation, giving the material ultra-low intrinsic absorption and scattering properties (hydroxyl absorption coefficient < 0.01 cm⁻¹). -1 Furthermore, the precisely controlled annealing process ensures the uniformity of the glass network, resulting in a highly consistent refractive index distribution (deviation < 10). -4 ) microsphere matrix.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the melting temperature in step S1 is 1080-1100°C, the oxygen flow rate is 0.5-2 L / min, the initial temperature of the annealing furnace is 400-410°C, and the duration is 11-12 h.

[0022] Compared with existing technologies, the synergistic effect of oxygen permeation and annealing processes produces tellurate glass with low absorption, low scattering, and high uniformity, providing a high-quality optical resonant cavity environment for microspheres.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the melting temperature in step S2 is 680-700°C, and the cooling treatment is rapid cooling and solidification with cold water.

[0024] Compared with existing technologies, the core advantage of this combination of process parameters is that it transforms the challenges of materials science (easy crystallization) into advantages of the process (instantaneous melting and rapid cooling), and achieves high-quality, batch-scale, and controllable preparation of special glass microspheres through surface tension.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the pump source is a 976 nm laser diode pump.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, the pump source used in this application can perfectly match the absorption peak of ytterbium ions. By driving the energy level transition of erbium ions and holmium ions through efficient sensitized energy transfer, it avoids the fatal bottleneck of expensive and inefficient traditional mid-infrared pump sources with the low cost and high reliability of mature commercial devices.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the silica optical fiber is selected from one of standard single-mode silica optical fiber, low-loss silica optical fiber, and bend-resistant silica optical fiber.

[0028] Compared to existing technologies, firstly, the melting point of silica optical fiber is approximately 1700℃, while the temperature of an oxyhydrogen flame can reach 2500-3000℃, far exceeding the melting point of silica optical fiber, making it suitable for heating silica optical fiber. Secondly, heating silica optical fiber with an oxyhydrogen flame does not introduce impurities such as carbon, thus avoiding contamination of the fiber taper. All of these types of silica optical fibers exhibit excellent infrared transmission and have few impurities.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the silica optical fiber is prepared by the following method:

[0030] A1. Take a silica optical fiber, equip both ends of the silica optical fiber with FC interfaces, and remove the coating layer in the middle to obtain a bare optical fiber;

[0031] A2. Place the bare optical fiber in the V-groove of the quartz optical fiber clamping and fixing platform, and fix both ends;

[0032] A3. The central region of the bare optical fiber is preheated with an oxyhydrogen flame. After the central region softens and deforms, a tapering operation is performed on the central region under continuous heating with the oxyhydrogen flame to refine the central region into a tapered area.

[0033] A4. After tapering, place the U-shaped aluminum block on the precision three-dimensional adjustment platform. Adjust the precision three-dimensional adjustment platform to make the tapered area of ​​the quartz optical fiber contact the surface of the aluminum block. Then, use hot air to heat molten salicylic acid as an adhesive to fix the tapered area of ​​the quartz optical fiber onto the aluminum block.

[0034] Compared with existing technologies, this application, through precise positioning with a V-groove, a finely controlled electronically controlled stepper motor, and an oxyhydrogen flame electronically controlled scorching gun head, combined with low-temperature bonding and curing technology using salicylic acid, completely avoids the mechanical stress damage and thermally induced microcrack defects of traditional processes. It can produce quartz fiber optic tapers of different specifications as needed. The method of using an aluminum block to fix the taper area for movement effectively avoids the problem of the taper area being easily damaged due to its small diameter.

[0035] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for fabricating a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on rare-earth-doped ions, comprising the following steps:

[0036] B1. Connect the FC interface of one end of the quartz optical fiber with the cone region to the pump light source;

[0037] B2. Erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres are placed in the conical region of a quartz optical fiber. The pump light generated by the pump source is coupled to the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres through the conical region of the quartz optical fiber to achieve dual-wavelength laser emission.

[0038] Compared with existing technologies, this invention achieves dual-wavelength synchronous laser emission in mono-tellurate microspheres prepared using erbium, holmium, and ytterbium co-doped microspheres. The operating wavelengths are approximately 1550 nm (communication band) and approximately 2100 nm (mid-infrared band), respectively, achieving stable output of long-wavelength lasers exceeding 2.0 μm within tellurate glass microspheres. Benefiting from the superior matrix of erbium, holmium, and ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres, a compact multi-wavelength light source suitable for future communication, sensing, and spectroscopic systems has been realized and developed. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for fabricating a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on rare-earth ion doping according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rare earth ion energy levels of a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on triple-doped rare earth ions according to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on rare-earth ion triple doping according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on rare-earth ion triple doping according to the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 The image shows the laser characteristics of a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on rare-earth ion triple doping in Example 1.

[0044] Figure 6 The input-output power curves are those of a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on rare-earth ion doping in Example 1.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0046] 1. 976 nm laser diode pump; 2. Quartz optical fiber; 3. Conical region; 4. Erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres; 5. Spectrometer. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. It should be noted that the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the implementation methods and typical parameters of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the parameter range described in the present invention. Reasonable variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0048] It should be noted that the endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, this application provides a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on triple-doped rare-earth ions, comprising:

[0050] Quartz optical fiber 2: A tapered region 3 is provided in the middle of the quartz optical fiber 2;

[0051] Pump source: disposed at one end of the quartz optical fiber 2; the pump source of the present invention is preferably a 976 nm laser diode pump 1;

[0052] Erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres 4: placed in the conical region 3, and the ratio of the diameter of the conical region 3 of the quartz optical fiber 2 to the diameter of the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres is (1-2):49. The erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres 4, calculated by mass percentage, use infrared-transmitting tellurium glass as the matrix, with erbium doping at 0.11%, holmium doping at 0.22%, and ytterbium doping at 0.80%.

[0053] The pump light emitted by the 976 nm laser diode 1 is guided through the quartz optical fiber 2 to the cone region 3, where it is optically coupled with the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres 4. The laser light generated by the optical coupling can be received and analyzed by a spectrometer 5.

[0054] The preparation method of erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres 4 includes the following steps:

[0055] S1. Weigh the raw materials of holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass microspheres and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass microspheres respectively, and prepare holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass respectively by melting method;

[0056] S2. The holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and the erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass obtained in step S1 are respectively made into holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass powder and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass powder, and then fully mixed in equal mass ratio. The mixed powder is then melted and cooled to prepare erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres 4.

[0057] The specific operation of step S1 is as follows: the raw materials of holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass are melted separately to obtain holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass liquid and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass liquid, and oxygen is introduced while continuously stirring during the melting process; the holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass liquid and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass liquid are transferred to annealing furnaces for cooling treatment to obtain holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass.

[0058] In step S1, the melting temperature is 1080-1100℃, the oxygen flow rate is 0.5-2 L / min, the initial temperature of the annealing furnace is 400-410℃, and the duration is 11-12 h. In step S2, the melting temperature is 680-700℃, and the cooling treatment is rapid water cooling and solidification. Specifically, step S2 involves heating and melting the mixed powder and holding it at that temperature for several hours to form a stable high-temperature zone; the powder melts instantly in the high-temperature zone and shrinks into perfect spherical droplets under surface tension; when the droplets fall into a U-shaped collecting tube immersed in cold water, they are rapidly cooled and solidified to form solid glass microspheres.

[0059] The tapered region 3 of the quartz optical fiber 2 is prepared by a hydrogen-oxygen flame heating-stepper motor stretching method, specifically including the following steps:

[0060] A1. Take quartz fiber 2, equip both ends of quartz fiber 2 with FC interfaces, and remove the coating layer in the middle to obtain bare fiber;

[0061] A2. Place the middle part of the bare optical fiber into the V-groove of the quartz optical fiber clamping and fixing platform, and fix both ends.

[0062] A3. The central region of the bare optical fiber is preheated with an oxyhydrogen flame. After the central region softens and deforms, a tapering operation is performed on the central region under continuous heating with the oxyhydrogen flame to refine the central region into a tapered region 3.

[0063] A4. After tapering, place the U-shaped aluminum block on the precision three-dimensional adjustment platform. Adjust the precision three-dimensional adjustment platform to make the tapered area 3 of the quartz optical fiber 2 contact the surface of the aluminum block. Then, use hot air to heat the molten salicylic acid as an adhesive to fix the tapered area 3 of the quartz optical fiber 2 onto the aluminum block.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for fabricating a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on triple rare-earth ion doping, the method specifically including the following steps:

[0065] B1. Connect the FC interfaces at both ends of the quartz optical fiber 2 with the cone region 3 to the pump light source and the spectrometer 5 respectively; the quartz optical fiber 2 is preferably a standard single-mode quartz optical fiber 2, and the cone region 3 is obtained by hydrogen-oxygen flame heating-stepping motor stretching method.

[0066] B2. Erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres 4 are placed in the conical region 3 of the quartz optical fiber 2. The pump light generated by the pump source is coupled to the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres 4 through the conical region 3 of the quartz optical fiber 2 to achieve dual-wavelength laser emission. The erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres 4 are prepared in advance by a melting method. The pump source is preferably a 976 nm laser diode pump 1.

[0067] The WGM spectrum was characterized by analyzing the output of the quartz fiber 2 using a spectrometer 5. Clear, periodically arranged resonance peaks were observed in both target wavelength bands of approximately 1550 nm and approximately 2100 nm.

[0068] In specific operation, step B2 involves adjusting a precision three-dimensional adjustment platform to bring the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres 4 closer to the conical region 3 of the quartz fiber 2; guiding the pump light through the quartz fiber 2 into the conical region 3 of the quartz fiber 2 to optically couple with the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres 4, thereby exciting the rare earth ions in the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres 4 and enabling them to simultaneously emit lasers at approximately 1.55 μm and approximately 2.10 μm.

[0069] Figure 2This is a simplified schematic diagram of energy levels, illustrating Er under 976 nm pumping. 3+ / Ho 3+ / Yb 3+ The microscopic physical mechanism for achieving dual-wavelength laser radiation at approximately 1.55 μm and approximately 2.10 μm in triion-doped tellurate glass microspheres. Yb 3+ Ions, acting as sensitizers, are excited to [a state] via ground-state absorption (GSA). 2 F 5 / 2 Energy levels, which then transfer energy to Er via resonant energy transfer (ET1). 3+ of 4 I 11 / 2 Energy levels. From nonradiative relaxation (NR) to metastable Er 3+ of 4 I 13 / 2 After the energy level, population inversion occurs, leading to the generation of 4 I 13 / 2 → 4 I 15 / 2 Laser emission at approximately 1550 nm during the transition. Simultaneously, Yb 3+ It also occupies Ho through phonon-assisted energy transfer (ET2). 3+ of 5 The I6 level undergoes nonradiative relaxation to 5 I7 energy level. Then the cross-relaxation process (Er 3+ : 4 I 13 / 2 +Ho 3+ : 5 I8→Er 3+ : 4 I 15 / 2 +Ho 3+ : 5 I7) can further enhance Ho 3+ Ions in 5 The particle population of the I7 level directly contributes to the generation of the corresponding energy level. 5 I7→ 5 The approximately 2100 nm laser output from the I8 transition provides the crucial population inversion condition, corresponding to 5 I7→ 5 Stable laser output at approximately 2100 nm from I8 transition.

[0070] The present invention will be further illustrated below through specific embodiments. Example 1

[0071] This embodiment provides a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on rare-earth ion doping, comprising:

[0072] Standard single-mode silica fiber 2: A tapered region 3 is provided in the middle of the standard single-mode silica fiber 2, and the diameter of the tapered region 3 is 1.4 μm;

[0073] 976 nm laser diode pump 1: located at one end of a standard single-mode quartz fiber 2;

[0074] Spectrum analyzer 5: located at the other end of standard single-mode quartz fiber 2;

[0075] Erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres 4: placed in the conical region 3 of a standard single-mode silica fiber 2, and the diameter of the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres 4 is 49 μm. The pump light emitted by the 976 nm laser diode 1 is guided to the conical region 3 through the standard single-mode silica fiber 2 and optically coupled with the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres 4.

[0076] The preparation method of erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres 4 includes the following steps:

[0077] S1. Weigh the raw materials for holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass microspheres and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass microspheres respectively, and prepare holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass respectively by melting method; the molar composition of erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass is 65TeO2-16BaF2-10YF3-8NaF-0.2ErF3-0.8YbF3 (EYCF), and the molar composition of holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass is 65TeO2-16BaF2-10YF3-8NaF-0.4HoF3-0.6YbF3 (HYCF). The melting temperature is 1080℃, the oxygen flow rate is 1.5 L / min, the initial temperature of the annealing furnace is 400℃, and the duration is 11.5 h.

[0078] S2. The holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass obtained in step S1 are respectively made into holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass powder and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass powder, and then thoroughly mixed in an equal mass ratio. The mixed powder is then melted and cooled at a temperature of 700°C and held at that temperature for several hours to form a stable high-temperature zone. The powder melts instantly in the high-temperature zone and shrinks into perfect spherical droplets under the action of surface tension. When the droplets fall into a U-shaped collection tube immersed in cold water, they are rapidly cooled and solidified to prepare erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres 4.

[0079] In this embodiment, the standard single-mode quartz optical fiber 2 with the cone region 3 is prepared by an oxyhydrogen flame heating-stepping motor stretching method, specifically including the following steps:

[0080] A1. Take a pre-spliced ​​standard single-mode quartz fiber 2 connector, remove the 2-3 cm coating in the middle to obtain the bare fiber in the middle, and equip both ends with engineering communication grade FC-FC connectors.

[0081] A2. Place the middle bare fiber portion into the V-groove of the quartz fiber clamping and fixing platform, and fix both ends; the middle of the V-groove is not connected, and a precision three-dimensional adjustment platform is set up. Place the middle bare fiber portion at the unconnected part of the V-groove, and use three magnets with sponge protective pads to fix the two ends of the bare fiber to ensure stability.

[0082] A3. Set the running distance, speed, and time parameters of the precision electronically controlled stepper motor and the oxyhydrogen flame electronically controlled fire extinguishing head in the computer software program.

[0083] A4. After the hydrogen flow rate reaches the preset value, ignite and quickly start the control program.

[0084] A5. The hydrogen-oxygen flame gun head moves left and right repeatedly within a short distance in the central area of ​​the bare optical fiber to preheat it; at this time, the stepper motor is in standby mode.

[0085] A6. After several rounds of preheating, the stepper motor moves slowly to the left and right in opposite directions according to the preset program. Under the continuous heating of the hydrogen-oxygen flame, the central region of the bare optical fiber softens and is stretched, and the middle gradually becomes thinner to form the tapered region 3 of the standard single-mode quartz optical fiber 2.

[0086] A7. After the program finishes running, place the self-made U-shaped aluminum block on the precision three-dimensional adjustment platform. Adjust the platform so that the taper region 3 of the standard single-mode quartz fiber 2 gently contacts the surface of the aluminum block. Use hot air to heat the molten salicylic acid and fix the taper region 3 of the standard single-mode quartz fiber 2 onto the aluminum block. Wait for the salicylic acid to solidify.

[0087] A8. Move the entire tapered region 3 of the fixed standard single-mode quartz fiber 2 under a microscope for observation and dimensional measurement. The preparation is complete when the diameter of the tapered region 3 reaches 1.4 μm.

[0088] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on rare-earth ion triple doping according to this embodiment. Figure 5 This is a laser characteristic diagram of a dual-wavelength microsphere based on rare-earth ion triple doping obtained in this embodiment. Figure 5 As can be seen, the dual-wavelength microsphere device based on rare earth ion doping prepared in this embodiment can simultaneously achieve dual-wavelength laser emission at approximately 1.55 μm and 2.10 μm. Figure 6 This is the input-output power curve of a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on rare-earth ion triple doping in this embodiment. The laser power responses of the two wavelengths are different, and the output can be stable. Example 2

[0089] This embodiment provides a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on rare-earth ion doping, comprising:

[0090] Quartz fiber 2: Quartz fiber 2 is a standard single-mode quartz fiber, with a tapered region 3 in its middle, and the diameter of the tapered region 3 is 1.1 μm;

[0091] 976 nm laser diode pump 1: located at one end of quartz fiber 2;

[0092] Spectrometer 5: Located at the other end of quartz optical fiber 2;

[0093] Erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres 4: placed in the cone region 3, and the diameter of the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres 4 is 49 μm. The pump light emitted by the 976 nm laser diode 1 is guided to the cone region 3 through the quartz optical fiber 2 and optically coupled with the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres 4.

[0094] The preparation method of erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres 4 includes the following steps:

[0095] S1. Weigh the raw materials for holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass microspheres and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass microspheres respectively, and prepare holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass respectively by melting method; the molar composition of erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass is 65TeO2-16BaF2-10YF3-8NaF-0.2ErF3-0.8YbF3 (EYCF), and the molar composition of holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass is 65TeO2-16BaF2-10YF3-8NaF-0.4HoF3-0.6YbF3 (HYCF). The melting temperature is 1090℃, the oxygen flow rate is 1.0 L / min, the initial temperature of the annealing furnace is 405℃, and the duration is 11 h.

[0096] S2. The holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass obtained in step S1 are respectively made into holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass powder and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass powder, and then thoroughly mixed in an equal mass ratio. The mixed powder is then melted and cooled. The melting temperature is 690℃, and the temperature is maintained for several hours to form a stable high-temperature zone. The powder melts instantly in the high-temperature zone and shrinks into perfect spherical droplets under the action of surface tension. When the droplets fall into a U-shaped collection tube immersed in cold water, they are rapidly cooled and solidified to prepare erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres 4.

[0097] In this embodiment, the standard single-mode quartz optical fiber 2 with the cone region 3 is prepared by an oxyhydrogen flame heating-stepping motor stretching method, specifically including the following steps:

[0098] A1. Take a pre-spliced ​​standard single-mode quartz fiber 2 connector, remove the 2-3 cm coating in the middle to obtain the bare fiber in the middle, and equip both ends with engineering communication grade FC-FC connectors.

[0099] A2. Place the middle bare fiber portion inside the V-groove, leaving the middle of the V-groove unconnected. A precision three-dimensional adjustment platform is set up, placing the middle bare fiber portion at the unconnected part of the V-groove. The two ends outside the bare fiber are fixed with three magnets with sponge protective pads to ensure stability.

[0100] A3. Set the running distance, speed, and time parameters of the precision electronically controlled stepper motor and the oxyhydrogen flame electronically controlled fire extinguishing head in the computer software program.

[0101] A4. After the hydrogen flow rate reaches the preset value, ignite and quickly start the control program.

[0102] A5. The hydrogen-oxygen flame gun head moves left and right repeatedly within a short distance in the central area of ​​the bare optical fiber to preheat it; at this time, the stepper motor is in standby mode.

[0103] A6. After several rounds of preheating, the stepper motor moves slowly to the left and right in opposite directions according to the preset program. Under the continuous heating of the hydrogen-oxygen flame, the bare fiber center area of ​​the standard single-mode quartz fiber 2 softens and is stretched, and gradually becomes thinner in the middle to form a cone region 3.

[0104] A7. After the program finishes running, place the self-made U-shaped aluminum block on the precision three-dimensional adjustment platform. Adjust the platform so that the taper region 3 of the standard single-mode quartz fiber 2 gently contacts the surface of the aluminum block. Use hot air to heat the molten salicylic acid and fix the taper region 3 of the standard single-mode quartz fiber 2 onto the aluminum block. Wait for the salicylic acid to solidify.

[0105] A8. Move the entire tapered region 3 of the fixed standard single-mode quartz fiber 2 under a microscope for observation and dimensional measurement. The preparation is complete when the diameter of the tapered region 3 reaches 1.1 μm. Example 3

[0106] This embodiment provides a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on rare-earth ion doping, comprising:

[0107] Quartz fiber 2: Quartz fiber 2 is a standard single-mode quartz fiber, with a tapered region 3 in its middle, and the diameter of the tapered region 3 is 1.7 μm;

[0108] 976 nm laser diode pump 1: located at one end of quartz fiber 2;

[0109] Spectrometer 5: Located at the other end of quartz optical fiber 2;

[0110] Erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres 4: placed in the cone region 3, and the diameter of the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres 4 is 49 μm. The pump light emitted by the 976 nm laser diode 1 is guided to the cone region 3 through the quartz optical fiber 2 and optically coupled with the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres 4.

[0111] The preparation method of erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres 4 includes the following steps:

[0112] S1. Weigh the raw materials for holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass microspheres and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass microspheres respectively, and prepare holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass respectively by melting method; the molar composition of erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass is 65TeO2-16BaF2-10YF3-8NaF-0.2ErF3-0.8YbF3 (EYCF), and the molar composition of holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass is 65TeO2-16BaF2-10YF3-8NaF-0.4HoF3-0.6YbF3 (HYCF). The melting temperature is 1080℃, the oxygen flow rate is 2.0 L / min, the initial temperature of the annealing furnace is 410℃, and the duration is 11.5 h.

[0113] S2. The holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass obtained in step S1 are respectively made into holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass powder and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass powder, and then thoroughly mixed in an equal mass ratio. The mixed powder is then melted and cooled. The melting temperature is 680℃, and the temperature is maintained for several hours to form a stable high-temperature zone. The powder melts instantly in the high-temperature zone and shrinks into perfect spherical droplets under the action of surface tension. When the droplets fall into a U-shaped collection tube immersed in cold water, they are rapidly cooled and solidified to prepare erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres 4.

[0114] In this embodiment, the quartz optical fiber 2 is prepared by a hydrogen-oxygen flame heating-stepper motor stretching method, specifically including the following steps:

[0115] A1. Take a pre-spliced ​​standard single-mode quartz fiber 2 connector, remove the 2-3 cm coating in the middle to obtain the bare fiber in the middle, and equip both ends with engineering communication grade FC-FC connectors.

[0116] A2. Place the bare fiber portion in the middle of the standard single-mode quartz fiber 2 into a V-groove. The middle of the V-groove is not connected. A precision three-dimensional adjustment platform is set up. Place the bare fiber portion in the middle of the V-groove where it is not connected. The two ends of the bare fiber are fixed with three magnets with sponge protective pads to ensure stability.

[0117] A3. Set the running distance, speed, and time parameters of the precision electronically controlled stepper motor and the oxyhydrogen flame electronically controlled fire extinguishing head in the computer software program.

[0118] A4. After the hydrogen flow rate reaches the preset value, ignite and quickly start the control program.

[0119] A5. The hydrogen-oxygen flame gun head moves left and right repeatedly within a short distance in the central area of ​​the bare optical fiber to preheat it; at this time, the stepper motor is in standby mode.

[0120] A6. After several rounds of preheating, the stepper motor moves slowly to the left and right in opposite directions according to the preset program. Under the continuous heating of the hydrogen-oxygen flame, the central area of ​​the bare optical fiber softens and is stretched, and the middle gradually becomes thinner to form a cone region 3.

[0121] A7. After the program finishes running, place the self-made U-shaped aluminum block on the precision three-dimensional adjustment platform. Adjust the platform so that the taper region 3 of the standard single-mode quartz fiber 2 gently contacts the surface of the aluminum block. Use hot air to heat the molten salicylic acid and fix the taper region 3 of the standard single-mode quartz fiber 2 onto the aluminum block. Wait for the salicylic acid to solidify.

[0122] A8. Move the entire tapered region 3 of the fixed standard single-mode quartz fiber 2 under a microscope for observation and dimensional measurement. The preparation is complete when the diameter of the tapered region 3 reaches 1.7 μm.

[0123] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on triple-doped rare-earth ions, characterized in that, include, Quartz optical fiber (2), wherein a tapered region (3) is provided in the middle of the quartz optical fiber (2); A pump light source is disposed at one end of the quartz optical fiber (2); Erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres (4) are placed in the conical region (3) of the quartz optical fiber (2); The pump light emitted by the pump light source is guided to the cone region (3) through the quartz optical fiber (2) and optically coupled with the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres (4); In the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurite glass microspheres (4), infrared-transmitting tellurite glass is used as the matrix, and the erbium doping amount is 0.11%, the holmium doping amount is 0.22%, and the ytterbium doping amount is 0.80% by mass percentage.

2. The dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on triple rare-earth ion doping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the diameter of the cone region (3) to the diameter of the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurium glass microspheres (4) is (1-2):

49.

3. The dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on triple rare-earth ion doping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres (4) were prepared by the following method: S1. Weigh the raw materials for holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass respectively, and prepare holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass respectively by melting method; S2. The holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and the erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass obtained in step S1 are respectively made into holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass powder and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass powder, and are thoroughly mixed in equal mass ratio. Then, the mixed powder is melted and cooled to prepare erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres (4).

4. The dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on triple-doped rare-earth ions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific operation of step S1 is as follows: Weigh the raw materials of holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass respectively, melt the raw materials of holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass respectively to obtain holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass liquid and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass liquid, and introduce oxygen while continuously stirring during the melting process; transfer the holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass liquid and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass liquid to annealing furnace for cooling treatment to obtain holmium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass and erbium-ytterbium co-doped tellurate glass respectively.

5. The dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on triple rare-earth ion doping according to claim 4, characterized in that, The melting temperature in step S1 is 1080-1100℃, the oxygen flow rate is 0.5-2 L / min, the initial temperature of the annealing furnace is 400-410℃, and the duration is 11-12 h.

6. The dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on triple rare-earth ion doping according to claim 3, characterized in that, The melting temperature in step S2 is 680-700℃, and the cooling treatment is rapid cooling and solidification with cold water.

7. The dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on triple rare-earth ion doping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pump source is a 976 nm laser diode pump.

8. The dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on triple rare-earth ion doping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silica fiber (2) is selected from one of the following: standard single-mode silica fiber, low-loss silica fiber, and bend-resistant silica fiber.

9. The dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on triple rare-earth ion doping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quartz optical fiber (2) is prepared by the following method: A1. Take a quartz optical fiber (2), equip both ends of the quartz optical fiber (2) with FC interfaces, and remove the coating layer in the middle to obtain a bare optical fiber; A2. Place the bare optical fiber in the V-groove of the quartz optical fiber clamping and fixing platform, and fix both ends; A3. The central region of the bare optical fiber is preheated with an oxyhydrogen flame. After the central region softens and deforms, the central region is tapered under continuous heating with an oxyhydrogen flame to refine the central region into a tapered area (3). A4. After tapering, place the U-shaped aluminum block on the precision three-dimensional adjustment platform and adjust the precision three-dimensional adjustment platform so that the tapered area (3) of the quartz optical fiber (2) contacts the surface of the aluminum block. Then, use hot air to heat the molten salicylic acid as an adhesive to fix the tapered area (3) of the quartz optical fiber (2) on the aluminum block.

10. A method for fabricating a dual-wavelength microsphere laser based on triple-doped rare-earth ions as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: B1. Connect the FC interface of one end of the quartz optical fiber (2) with the cone region (3) to the pump light source; B2. Place the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres (4) in the conical region (3) of the quartz optical fiber (2), and couple the pump light generated by the pump source with the erbium-holmium-ytterbium triple-doped tellurate glass microspheres (4) through the conical region (3) of the quartz optical fiber (2) to achieve dual-wavelength laser emission.

Images