Distributed hardware control top-speed charging and discharging system of flywheel energy storage rotor

Abstract

The invention provides a distributed hardware control top-speed charging and discharging system of a flywheel energy storage rotor, and relates to the technical field of flywheel energy storage. Comprising a flywheel rotor, a main power circuit, a power grid, a rotating speed-voltage slope generator, an analog multiplier, a hysteresis current controller, a charging and discharging mode switching unit, a rapid charging and discharging enabling module and a power grid state synchronization module. The flywheel rotor, the main power circuit and the power grid are sequentially connected with the flywheel rotor, and the rotating speed-voltage slope generator, the analog multiplier, the hysteresis current controller and the charging and discharging mode switching unit are sequentially connected. Power grid alternating current is converted into direct current adaptive to a motor through a power grid state synchronization module, the motor is driven to drive a flywheel to rotate in an accelerated mode, electric energy is converted into kinetic energy of a flywheel rotor, and charging is completed; when the actual current exceeds the hysteresis band, kinetic energy of the flywheel rotor is converted into electric energy through a hysteresis current controller, the electric energy is input into a power grid, and discharging is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flywheel energy storage technology, and in particular to a distributed hardware-controlled ultra-fast charging and discharging system for a flywheel energy storage rotor. Background Technology

[0002] The current energy landscape is rapidly transitioning towards renewable energy. The intermittency and volatility of wind and solar power lead to power quality issues such as grid frequency fluctuations and voltage instability, making efficient energy storage technology a key solution. Flywheel energy storage systems, with their advantages of fast response and improved power quality, show great promise in areas such as grid frequency regulation, voltage sag suppression, and transient pulse elimination. However, critical equipment such as semiconductor manufacturing equipment and precision medical instruments place stringent demands on response speeds at the microsecond or even nanosecond level, requiring more efficient flywheel energy storage control solutions.

[0003] Existing flywheel energy storage systems employ a central processing unit (CPU)-based control mode. The core of these systems uses the CPU to execute complex control algorithms, process signals collected by sensors, schedule multiple tasks, and output control commands to drive power devices to complete charging and discharging. This system relies on software code to implement the control logic, with all control loops calculated centrally within the CPU. It is used for scenarios such as frequency stabilization during grid frequency regulation, harmonic compensation in power quality improvement, and voltage stabilization control.

[0004] Existing technologies suffer from response latency. The cumulative delays in signal acquisition, algorithm processing, and task scheduling result in millisecond-level latency, making it impossible to meet the demands for microsecond- and nanosecond-level rapid response. Furthermore, the complexity of CPU execution, the tendency for control algorithms to become performance bottlenecks, and the centralized computation of control loops increase the CPU load as operating conditions change, making it difficult to guarantee real-time performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a distributed hardware-controlled high-speed charging and discharging system for a flywheel energy storage rotor. This system can solve the problems of significant response delays in the prior art, where the cumulative delays in signal acquisition, algorithm processing, and task scheduling lead to millisecond-level latency, thus failing to meet the requirements for microsecond-level and nanosecond-level rapid response. Furthermore, the system addresses the technical problems of complex CPU execution, control algorithms easily becoming performance bottlenecks, and centralized calculations in the control loop increasing the CPU burden with varying operating conditions, making it difficult to guarantee real-time performance.

[0006] This invention proposes a distributed hardware control system for rapid charging and discharging of a flywheel energy storage rotor, comprising: a flywheel rotor, a main power circuit, a power grid, a speed-voltage slope generator, an analog multiplier, a hysteresis current controller, a charging and discharging mode switching unit, a rapid charging and discharging enable module, and a power grid status synchronization module.

[0007] The flywheel rotor, main power circuit, and power grid are connected in sequence.

[0008] The flywheel rotor, speed-voltage slope generator, analog multiplier, hysteresis current controller, and charge / discharge mode switching unit are connected in sequence.

[0009] The fast charge / discharge enable module is connected to the charge / discharge mode switching unit.

[0010] Both the power grid status prediction and power grid status synchronization modules are connected to the power grid.

[0011] Both the power grid state prediction and power grid state synchronization modules are connected to the analog multiplier.

[0012] The main power circuit is connected to the hysteresis current controller.

[0013] The main power circuit is connected to the charge / discharge mode switching unit.

[0014] When a charging enable signal is received, the motor enters charging mode. The AC power from the power grid is converted into DC power adapted to the motor via the power grid status synchronization module. This drives the motor to accelerate the rotation of the flywheel, converting electrical energy into the kinetic energy of the flywheel rotor, thus completing the charging process.

[0015] Upon receiving a discharge enable signal, the system enters discharge mode. A speed-voltage slope generator outputs a DC voltage proportional to the rotational speed. When the actual current exceeds the hysteresis band, a hysteresis current controller converts the flywheel rotor's kinetic energy into electrical energy, which is then input to the power grid, completing the discharge process.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following: In this embodiment of the invention, a distributed hardware architecture is adopted. Through various control units, the cumulative delays in signal transmission, algorithm processing, and task scheduling are eliminated, thereby improving response speed. Simultaneously, through the design of the hardware circuitry and the coordinated operation of the distributed logic, extremely rapid conversion between electrical and kinetic energy during the charging and discharging process can be achieved, ensuring real-time charging and discharging. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a distributed hardware-controlled ultra-fast charging and discharging system for a flywheel energy storage rotor provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure labeling: 1-Flywheel rotor; 2-Main power circuit; 3-Grid; 4-Speed-voltage slope generator; 5-Analog multiplier; 6-Hysteresis current controller; 7-Charge-discharge mode switching unit; 8-Fast charge-discharge enable module; 9-Grid status synchronization module. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts disclosed in this invention.

[0022] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention.

[0023] Reference manual attached Figure 1 The diagram shows a schematic of a distributed hardware-controlled ultra-fast charging and discharging system for a flywheel energy storage rotor provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] The present invention provides a structure of a distributed hardware control ultra-fast charging and discharging system for a flywheel energy storage rotor, comprising: a flywheel rotor 1, a main power circuit 2, a power grid 3, a speed-voltage slope generator 4, an analog multiplier 5, a hysteresis current controller 6, a charging and discharging mode switching unit 7, a fast charging and discharging enable module 8, and a power grid status synchronization module 9.

[0025] The flywheel rotor 1, the main power circuit 2, and the power grid 3 are connected in sequence.

[0026] The flywheel rotor 1, the speed-voltage slope generator 4, the analog multiplier 5, the hysteresis current controller 6, and the charge / discharge mode switching unit 7 are connected in sequence.

[0027] The fast charge / discharge enable module 8 is connected to the charge / discharge mode switching unit 7.

[0028] The power grid 3 state prediction and power grid state synchronization module 9 is connected to power grid 3.

[0029] The power grid 3 state prediction and power grid state synchronization module 9 is connected to the analog multiplier 5.

[0030] The main power circuit 2 is connected to the hysteresis current controller 6.

[0031] The main power circuit 2 is connected to the charging / discharging mode switching unit 7.

[0032] When a charging enable signal is received, the system enters charging mode. The AC power from the power grid 3 is converted into DC power suitable for the motor via the power grid status synchronization module 9, which drives the motor to accelerate the rotation of the flywheel. The electrical energy is converted into the kinetic energy of the flywheel rotor 1, thus completing the charging process.

[0033] When a discharge enable signal is received, the system enters discharge mode. The speed-voltage slope generator 4 outputs a DC voltage proportional to the rotational speed. When the actual current exceeds the hysteresis band, the hysteresis current controller 6 converts the kinetic energy of the flywheel rotor 1 into electrical energy, which is then input to the power grid 3, completing the discharge process.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following: In this embodiment of the invention, a distributed hardware architecture is adopted. Through various control units, the cumulative delays in signal transmission, algorithm processing, and task scheduling are eliminated, thereby improving response speed. Simultaneously, through the design of the hardware circuitry and the coordinated operation of the distributed logic, extremely rapid conversion between electrical and kinetic energy during the charging and discharging process can be achieved, ensuring real-time charging and discharging.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the flywheel rotor 1 is made of high-strength carbon fiber composite material.

[0036] Specifically, the flywheel motor, as the core energy storage component of the system, adopts a flywheel rotor 1 made of high-strength carbon fiber composite material and is integrated with a high-efficiency permanent magnet synchronous motor.

[0037] In this embodiment of the invention, the use of high-strength carbon fiber composite material enables the flywheel to remain stable under high-speed rotation and possesses high energy density, effectively improving energy storage capacity. The permanent magnet synchronous motor features high efficiency and high power density, ensuring efficient conversion between electrical and kinetic energy.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the distributed hardware-controlled rapid charging and discharging system for the flywheel energy storage rotor also includes a flywheel motor. The main power circuit 2, serving as a crucial bridge connecting the power grid 3 and the flywheel motor, utilizes high-performance IGBT modules, combined with advanced drive circuitry and a cooling system.

[0039] In this embodiment of the invention, the high-performance IGBT module features fast switching speed, strong voltage and current resistance, and precise response to microsecond-level PWM drive signals, reducing switching losses during rapid charging and discharging. The advanced drive circuit ensures accurate IGBT triggering and strong anti-interference capabilities, preventing energy transfer interruptions due to malfunctions. The efficient heat dissipation system quickly dissipates heat under high-current conditions, preventing module overheating and damage. These three elements work together to ensure rapid and stable bidirectional energy transfer between the power grid and the flywheel motor, while simultaneously improving the long-term reliability and lifespan of the system, perfectly adapting to the ultra-fast response requirements of a distributed, all-hardware architecture.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the hysteresis current controller 6 is a dual-threshold hysteresis circuit composed of a high-speed comparator TL3016.

[0041] Specifically, the high-speed comparator TL3016 has a fast response characteristic, capable of comparing the input current command signal and the motor phase current signal within microseconds.

[0042] In this embodiment of the invention, the TL3016 possesses a nanosecond-level response speed, capable of instantly capturing the deviation between the current command and the actual current, meeting the system's microsecond-level control requirements. The dual-threshold hysteresis design allows for precise setting of the current fluctuation range, avoiding high-frequency malfunctions of switching devices and reducing switching losses. This achieves precise current control and rapid response.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the power grid state synchronization module 9 is implemented using an analog phase-locked loop CD4046 and a voltage comparator LM339.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, the control section is entirely hardware-based, with each module working collaboratively to achieve rapid system response and precise control. The voltage comparator LM339 monitors the amplitude and frequency of the grid voltage in real time, and immediately sends a signal upon detecting an anomaly, providing a reliable guarantee for the stable operation of the system.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the charge / discharge mode switching unit 7 uses a CPLD chip to implement the mode switching logic.

[0046] Based on the analysis results, the system outputs an operating mode control word to control the contactor or solid-state switch in the main power circuit 2, enabling the system to quickly switch between different operating modes such as charging, discharging, and standby.

[0047] Among them, the CPLD chip is characterized by its programmability and powerful logic functions. It can quickly receive signals from the enable module, the power grid 3 detection module, and the system protection module, and perform logic analysis and judgment.

[0048] Furthermore, when the discharge enable signal reaches the CPLD, the entire system responds rapidly and enters a fast discharge mode. The CPLD processes the signal and outputs a control signal to close the grid-connected contactor, connecting the system to the power grid 3 and preparing for power output. Simultaneously, the CPLD activates the discharge channel, sending control signals to relevant modules to initiate the discharge process.

[0049] In this embodiment of the invention, the CPLD combines programmability and powerful logic processing capabilities, enabling rapid integration of multiple signals from the enable module, the power grid 3 detection module, and the system protection module, instantly completing logic analysis and judgment. Its hardware-level response characteristics allow for extremely fast switching between charging, discharging, and standby modes, precisely outputting control words to drive the contactors or solid-state switches of the main power circuit 2. This ensures the reliability of the system's connection to the power grid 3 while simultaneously initiating the charging and discharging process instantly, perfectly adapting to the ultra-fast response requirements of a distributed, all-hardware architecture. Furthermore, its programmability makes logic adjustments more convenient, adapting to different application scenarios.

[0050] In one possible implementation, a phase-locked loop CD4046 is used to track the phase and frequency changes of the voltage of the power grid 3 and output a signal synchronized with the power grid 3.

[0051] The voltage comparator LM339 is used to monitor the amplitude and frequency of the mains voltage in real time, and a signal is sent immediately when an abnormality is detected.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, the CD4046 can accurately track the phase and frequency changes of the grid 3 voltage and output a high-precision synchronization signal, providing a reliable reference for synchronizing the charging and discharging current with the grid 3. The LM339 has high sensitivity and can monitor voltage amplitude and frequency anomalies in real time and trigger signals immediately to ensure system safety. Both are analog hardware circuits with no software processing delay, fast response speed, and strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability, perfectly meeting the ultra-fast response requirements of a distributed all-hardware architecture. At the same time, their simple structure and high reliability reduce the risk of system failure.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the flywheel rotor 1 and the flywheel motor serve as the core of energy storage and release for the entire system, enabling the mutual conversion between electrical energy and kinetic energy.

[0054] During the charging process, the flywheel motor converts electrical energy into the kinetic energy of the flywheel rotor 1, causing the flywheel rotor 1 to rotate faster and storing energy in the form of kinetic energy.

[0055] During the discharge process, the high-speed rotating flywheel rotor 1 drives the flywheel motor to operate, converting kinetic energy into electrical energy output to meet the needs of the external load.

[0056] In this embodiment of the invention, the integrated design of the flywheel rotor 1 and the flywheel motor directly achieves efficient conversion between electrical and kinetic energy, reducing intermediate transmission and conversion links, significantly reducing energy loss, and improving the system's energy conversion efficiency. The structure is simple and compact, simplifying the overall system architecture and reducing equipment complexity and manufacturing costs. Energy transfer is direct and smooth during charging and discharging, with no additional redundant links, enabling rapid response to hardware control commands and adapting to the ultra-fast charging and discharging requirements of a distributed, all-hardware architecture.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the main power circuit 2 acts as an energy hub between the power grid 3 and the flywheel motor, simultaneously receiving electrical energy from the power link and drive signals from the control link.

[0058] During the charging process, the AC power from grid 3 is converted into DC power suitable for motor operation, driving the motor to accelerate the flywheel.

[0059] During the discharge process, the direct current generated by the generator is converted into alternating current that matches the frequency, phase, and amplitude of the power grid 3 and then input into the power grid 3.

[0060] In this embodiment of the invention, the main power circuit 2 serves as the energy hub between the power grid 3 and the flywheel motor, enabling precise bidirectional energy conversion. During charging, it efficiently converts the AC power from the power grid 3 into DC power compatible with the motor, driving the flywheel to accelerate energy storage. During discharging, it precisely converts the DC power generated by the motor into AC power that perfectly matches the frequency, phase, and amplitude of the power grid 3, ensuring the quality of energy injection. Simultaneously, it receives power from the power link and drive signals from the control link, responding without delay. This meets the requirements of rapid charging and discharging in a distributed, all-hardware architecture, simplifies the energy transmission path, and significantly improves the system's energy conversion efficiency and operational stability.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the system enters discharge mode when the discharge enable signal arrives at the CPLD.

[0062] The speed-voltage slope generator 4 outputs a DC voltage that is adjusted in real time according to the speed of the flywheel rotor 1.

[0063] The sinusoidal reference signal synchronized with the voltage of the power grid 3 by the power grid status synchronization module 9 reflects the phase and frequency information of the voltage of the power grid 3.

[0064] By using the analog multiplier 5, a sinusoidal current that is synchronized with the power grid 3 and whose amplitude is limited by the rotational speed is calculated based on the DC voltage and the sinusoidal reference signal.

[0065] The IGBT module is driven by the hysteresis current controller 6, which inputs a sinusoidal current and compares it with the real-time detected inverter output current.

[0066] The high-speed comparator monitors the sinusoidal current and the inverter output current in real time. When the inverter output current exceeds the hysteresis band centered on the sinusoidal current, the hysteresis current controller 6 flips the corresponding PWM signal output.

[0067] The PWM signal drives the power switch of the IGBT module. By adjusting the turn-on and turn-off times of the IGBT module, the current is brought back into the hysteresis band.

[0068] Specifically, the entire process is implemented entirely by hardware circuitry without any digital calculations, achieving instantaneous current tracking. This rapidly converts the flywheel's kinetic energy into electrical energy synchronized with grid 3, quickly injecting it into grid 3 to meet its power requirements.

[0069] In this embodiment of the invention, through the coordinated operation of all hardware circuits, without digital calculations or CPU relay links, the response speed reaches the micro-nanosecond level. The speed-voltage slope generator 4 adapts to the flywheel speed in real time, the grid 3 synchronization module ensures precise phase and frequency matching, and the analog multiplier 5 generates synchronous and amplitude-limited current commands. In conjunction with the high-speed hysteresis controller, it instantaneously tracks the current deviation and quickly flips the PWM signal, which can rapidly convert the flywheel kinetic energy into electrical energy adapted to grid 3 and inject it into grid 3. This ensures both the instantaneity and accuracy of charging and discharging, and meets the high reliability and fast response requirements of the distributed hardware architecture, effectively satisfying the power regulation requirements of grid 3.

[0070] This invention encompasses any substitutions, modifications, equivalent methods, and solutions made within the spirit and scope of this invention. To provide the public with a thorough understanding of this invention, specific details are described in detail in the preferred embodiments, while those skilled in the art will fully understand the invention even without these details. Furthermore, to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding of the essence of this invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed hardware control ultra-fast charge and discharge system for a flywheel energy storage rotor, characterized by, The flywheel rotor, the main power circuit, the power grid, the rotation speed-voltage slope generator, the analog multiplier, the hysteresis current controller, the charge-discharge mode switching unit, the fast charge-discharge enabling module and the power grid state synchronization module are sequentially connected. The flywheel rotor, the main power circuit and the power grid are sequentially connected. The flywheel rotor, the rotation speed-voltage slope generator, the analog multiplier, the hysteresis current controller and the charge-discharge mode switching unit are sequentially connected. The fast charge-discharge enabling module is connected with the charge-discharge mode switching unit. The power grid state prediction and the power grid state synchronization module are connected with the power grid. The power grid state prediction and the power grid state synchronization module are connected with the analog multiplier. The main power circuit is connected with the hysteresis current controller. The main power circuit is connected with the charge-discharge mode switching unit. When receiving a charge enabling signal, the system enters a charge mode; the power grid alternating current is converted into direct current suitable for the motor through the power grid state synchronization module, the motor is driven to rotate at a high speed to accelerate the flywheel, the electric energy is converted into kinetic energy of the flywheel rotor, and the charge is completed. When receiving a discharge enabling signal, the system enters a discharge mode; the rotation speed-voltage slope generator outputs direct current voltage proportional to the rotation speed; when the actual current exceeds the hysteresis band, the kinetic energy of the flywheel rotor is converted into electric energy through the hysteresis current controller, and the electric energy is input into the power grid, and the discharge is completed. The flywheel rotor is made of high-strength carbon fiber composite material.

2. The distributed hardware-controlled pole speed charge and discharge system of a flywheel energy storage rotor of claim 1, wherein, The flywheel motor is further included.

3. The distributed hardware-controlled flywheel energy storage rotor extreme speed charge and discharge system of claim 1, wherein, The main power circuit is a key bridge connecting the power grid and the flywheel motor, and is selected from IGBT modules, and is combined with a driving circuit and a heat dissipation system. The hysteresis current controller is a double-threshold hysteresis circuit composed of a high-speed comparator TL3016. The power grid state synchronization module is realized by an analog phase-locked loop CD4046 and a voltage comparator LM339.

4. The distributed hardware control pole rapid charge and discharge system of a flywheel energy storage rotor of claim 1, wherein, The charge-discharge mode switching unit is realized by using a CPLD chip to realize mode switching logic.

5. The distributed hardware control pole rapid charge and discharge system of a flywheel energy storage rotor of claim 1, wherein, According to the analysis result, a system operation mode control word is output to control a contactor or a solid-state switch in the main power circuit, so that the system is quickly switched between different operation modes including charging, discharging and standby.

6. The distributed hardware control pole rapid charge and discharge system of a flywheel energy storage rotor of claim 1, wherein, The analog phase-locked loop CD4046 tracks the phase and frequency changes of the power grid voltage, and outputs a signal synchronized with the power grid. The voltage comparator LM339 monitors the amplitude and frequency of the power grid voltage in real time, and immediately sends a signal when an abnormality is detected.

7. The distributed hardware control pole rapid charge and discharge system of a flywheel energy storage rotor of claim 5, wherein, The flywheel rotor and the flywheel motor are the energy storage and release cores of the whole system, and realize mutual conversion between electric energy and kinetic energy. During the charging process, the flywheel motor converts electric energy into kinetic energy of the flywheel rotor, so that the flywheel rotor rotates at a high speed, and the energy is stored in the form of kinetic energy.

8. The distributed hardware control pole rapid charge and discharge system of a flywheel energy storage rotor of claim 1, wherein, During the discharging process, the flywheel rotor rotates at a high speed to drive the flywheel motor to operate, so that the kinetic energy is converted into electric energy output to meet the demand of external load. The main power circuit is an energy hub between the power grid and the flywheel motor, and simultaneously receives electric energy of the power link and driving signals of the control link. ​ 9. The distributed hardware control pole rapid charge and discharge system of a flywheel energy storage rotor of claim 1, wherein, ​ In the charging process, the motor is driven to accelerate the flywheel by converting the AC power of the grid into DC power suitable for motor operation; In the discharging process, the generator generates DC power which is converted into AC power matching the grid frequency, phase and amplitude, and input into the grid.

10. The distributed hardware control pole rapid charge and discharge system of a flywheel energy storage rotor of claim 1, wherein, When the discharge enable signal reaches the CPLD, the discharge mode is entered; The speed-voltage slope generator outputs a real-time corresponding adjusted DC voltage according to the speed of the flywheel rotor; The voltage synchronous module reflects the phase and frequency information of the grid voltage through the sine wave reference signal synchronized with the grid voltage; The analog multiplier calculates the sine current synchronized with the grid and the amplitude limited by the speed according to the DC voltage and the sine wave reference signal; The IGBT module is driven by the hysteresis current controller, and the sine current is input and compared with the real-time detected inverter output current; The high-speed comparator monitors the sine current and the inverter output current in real time. When the inverter output current exceeds the hysteresis band centered on the sine current, the hysteresis current controller flips the corresponding PWM signal output; The PWM signal drives the power switch of the IGBT module, and by adjusting the on and off time of the IGBT module, the current is brought back into the hysteresis band.

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