Electric control plant spacing rhizome type traditional Chinese medicinal material transplanting combined machine

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric control plant spacing rhizome type traditional Chinese medicinal material transplanting combined machine, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicinal material planting equipment. The front end of the rack is provided with a traction device, the bottom of the front end is rotatably provided with a rotary tillage device, the lower part of the middle part is rotatably provided with a land wheel, and a ditching inclined ploughshare and a chain plate seedling dropping device are arranged between the rotary tillage device and the land wheel; the chain plate seedling dropping device comprises an inverted-L-shaped seedling dropping frame, a seedling feeding belt driving roller, a first seedling feeding belt driven shaft and a second seedling feeding belt driven shaft are rotationally installed on the seedling dropping frame and sleeved with a seedling feeding belt with seedling feeding plates, a plurality of seedling feeding plates are arranged on the belt face of the seedling feeding belt, and a gearbox is further installed on the rack and connected with a rotary shaft of the rotary tillage device through a transmission assembly. The chain plate seedling dropping device is matched with an electric control system, the rotating speed of a seedling conveying belt driving roller can be accurately adjusted through a controller, the seedling dropping interval error is controlled within a reasonable range in combination with uniform distribution of seedling conveying plates, the problem that traditional seedling dropping plant spacing is not uniform is solved, and a uniform growth space is provided for growth of traditional Chinese medicinal materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of equipment technology for planting Chinese medicinal herbs, and in particular to an electrically controlled machine for transplanting root and rhizome Chinese medicinal herbs. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional methods of transplanting rhizomes and medicinal herbs present several problems: First, the precision of plant spacing control is low, resulting in uneven plant distribution and affecting ventilation, light penetration, and subsequent growth in the field. Second, the work process is fragmented, requiring separate steps for rotary tillage, ditching, seedling placement, soil covering, and mulching, leading to low efficiency. Third, the quality of ditching is poor, with irregular ditch shapes causing inconsistent seedling planting depths and affecting survival rates. Fourth, the effects of soil covering and mulching are poor, with uneven soil covering and loose mulch that fails to effectively retain moisture and prevent weeds. Fifth, seedlings are prone to tipping over and becoming misaligned during seedling placement, affecting transplanting quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an electronically controlled plant spacing and rootstock transplanting combined operation machine, which solves the problems of low plant spacing accuracy and low operation efficiency in traditional transplanting operations.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A combined machine for transplanting rhizomes and other Chinese medicinal herbs with electronically controlled plant spacing includes a frame, a traction device for connecting a power mechanism is installed at the front end of the frame, a rotary tiller is rotatably installed at the bottom front end of the frame, a ground wheel is rotatably installed at the lower middle part of the frame, and a ditching slant and a chain plate seedling feeding device are installed between the rotary tiller and the ground wheel on the frame. The chain plate seedling feeding device includes a seedling feeding frame mounted on the machine frame. The seedling feeding frame has an inverted L-shaped structure. A seedling feeding belt drive roller and a first seedling feeding belt driven shaft are rotatably mounted at both ends of the seedling feeding frame. A second seedling feeding belt driven shaft is rotatably mounted at the outer corner of the seedling feeding frame. A seedling feeding belt is fitted onto the second seedling feeding belt driven shaft, the seedling feeding belt drive roller, and the first seedling feeding belt driven shaft. Several seedling feeding plates are evenly arranged on the surface of the seedling feeding belt along its running direction. A gearbox is also mounted on the machine frame. The gearbox is connected to the rotary tiller's rotating shaft through a transmission component.

[0005] Furthermore, the outer side and bottom surface of the trenching sloping plowshare are both provided with inclined surfaces, with the outer side inclined at an angle of 8°-10° and the bottom surface inclined at an angle of 4°-6°.

[0006] Furthermore, a soil covering and seedling burying spiral assembly is installed on the lower middle part of the frame via a bracket, a front cross gear is installed on the outer side of the middle part of the frame, a drive gear is installed on the main shaft of the gearbox, the drive gear drives the front cross gear to rotate through a transmission chain, and the front cross gear is connected to the power end of the soil covering and seedling burying spiral assembly through a transmission chain.

[0007] Furthermore, the soil covering and seedling burying spiral assembly includes a seedling burying spiral shaft rotatably mounted via the bracket. A first right spiral blade, a first left spiral blade, a second right spiral blade, and a second left spiral blade are sequentially mounted on the seedling burying spiral shaft. A seedling burying spiral gear is mounted on one end of the seedling burying spiral shaft corresponding to the front overpass gear. The front overpass gear drives the seedling burying spiral gear to rotate via a transmission chain. Two ditching shovels are provided, one of which is positioned between the first right spiral blade and the first left spiral blade, and the other is positioned between the second right spiral blade and the second left spiral blade.

[0008] Furthermore, a flat plate is installed on the frame between the soil covering and seedling burying spiral assembly and the ground wheel.

[0009] Furthermore, a film-hanging rod is installed on the frame, and a film is movably mounted on the film-hanging rod. Film-spreading wheels are installed on both sides of the ground wheel located at the rear of the flat plate on the frame via adjusting rods. The film-spreading wheels are rotatably mounted on the adjusting rods.

[0010] Furthermore, support plates are installed on the front and rear sides of the bottom rear end of the frame, and a soil covering shaft is rotatably installed on the support plates. Two soil covering cutter discs are fixedly installed on the soil covering shaft at the positions corresponding to the film spreading wheel. A rear-side bridge gear is rotatably installed at the rear end of the frame. The rear-side bridge gear is connected to the front-side bridge gear through a transmission chain. The rear-side bridge gear is connected to the drive end of the soil covering shaft through a transmission chain.

[0011] Furthermore, the covering cutter disc includes a disc body and a plurality of covering blades evenly distributed on its outer periphery, and the covering blades have curved edges facing the opposite side of the two covering cutter discs.

[0012] Furthermore, a protective frame is provided above the cover cutterhead, with the top of the protective frame connected to the machine frame, and the upper part of the cover cutterhead is enclosed within the protective frame.

[0013] Furthermore, a tensioning shaft is installed at the inner corner of the seedling feeding frame, and a tensioning wheel is rotatably installed on the tensioning shaft at the position corresponding to the gap between adjacent seedling feeding plates, with the wheel surface of the tensioning wheel in contact with the surface of the seedling feeding belt.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The chain plate seedling feeding device works in conjunction with the electronic control system. The rotation speed of the seedling feeding belt drive roller can be precisely adjusted by the controller. Combined with the uniform distribution of the seedling feeding plates, the seedling feeding interval error is controlled within a reasonable range, solving the problem of uneven plant spacing in traditional seedling feeding and providing a uniform growth space for Chinese medicinal materials. The 8°-10° inclination angle on the outer side and the 4°-6° inclination angle on the bottom of the ditching sloping plowshare can reduce ditching resistance and form a regular V-shaped ditch, ensuring that the seedlings are planted at a consistent depth and improving the seedling survival rate. The left and right spiral blades of the soil covering and seedling burying spiral component are symmetrically arranged and rotate the soil in opposite directions synchronously under power drive, so that the soil on both sides of the trench is evenly covered to the roots of the seedlings after the trench is opened, avoiding local soil covering that is too thick or too thin, ensuring that the roots of the seedlings are in full contact with the soil, and promoting seedling recovery. The flat plate can level the ground surface after soil covering, providing a flat base for subsequent mulching operations, preventing the mulch film from being damaged due to surface protrusions, and improving the mulching effect; The film spreading wheel and adjusting rod work together to adjust the film spreading height according to the flatness of the ground surface, ensuring that the film is laid flat. Combined with the arc edge design of the soil covering disc, it can push the soil evenly to the edge of the film, so as to achieve the stable fixation of the film and effectively play the role of moisture retention and weed control. The tensioning wheel engages with the seedling delivery belt, allowing for real-time adjustment of the belt's tension to prevent seedling misalignment caused by belt slack and ensure accurate seedling delivery. The protective frame encompasses the upper part of the cutterhead, preventing soil from splashing and injuring people during the covering process, while also preventing debris from being drawn into the cutterhead and affecting operations, thus improving the safety of equipment operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the chain plate seedling feeding device in this invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil covering and seedling burying spiral assembly in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tensioning shaft in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil-covering cutterhead in this invention; Figure 8 This is a side view of the soil-covering cutterhead in this invention. In the picture: 1. Frame; 2. Traction device; 3. Rotary tiller; 301. Rotating shaft; 4. Ground wheel; 5. Furrowing slant plow; 6. Chain plate seedling feeding device; 601. Seedling feeding frame; 602. Seedling feeding belt drive roller; 603. First seedling feeding belt driven shaft; 604. Seedling feeding belt; 605. Seedling feeding plate; 606. Second seedling feeding belt driven shaft; 7. Gearbox; 8. Soil covering and seedling burying spiral assembly; 801. Seedling burying spiral shaft; 802. First right spiral blade; 803. First left spiral blade; 804. Second right spiral blade ; 805, Second left spiral blade; 806, Seedling burying spiral gear; 9, Front side bridge gear; 10, Drive gear; 11, Transmission chain; 12, Flat plate; 13, Film hanging rod; 14, Adjusting rod; 15, Film spreading wheel; 16, Support plate; 17, Soil covering shaft; 18, Soil covering cutter disc; 1801, Disc body; 1802, Soil covering blade; 1803, Arc edge; 19, Rear side bridge gear; 20, Tensioning shaft; 21, Tensioning wheel; 22, Support; 23, Protective frame; 24, Trenching disc. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0017] like Figure 1-5 As shown, an electronically controlled plant spacing and rootstock transplanting combined operation machine is disclosed. The traction device 2 at the front end of the frame 1 is used to connect with a tractor or other power mechanism to provide the machine with the power source for movement and operation. The rotary tiller 3 at the bottom front end of the frame 1 is connected to the gearbox 7 through a rotating shaft 301. The gearbox 7 receives the power transmitted by the tractor through a transmission component (such as a transmission chain with drive gears) and converts the power into the rotation speed required by the rotary tiller 3 to realize soil rotary tillage and create loose soil conditions for subsequent transplanting.

[0018] The ground wheel 4 located at the lower center of the frame 1 supports the weight of the entire machine and also serves as a guide during its movement, ensuring the straightness of the work path. The ditching sloping plowshare 5 installed between the rotary tiller 3 and the ground wheel 4 has an outer side inclination angle of 8°-10° and a bottom inclination angle of 4°-6°. This double-inclination structure cuts into the soil during the machine's forward movement, forming a regular V-shaped transplanting ditch. The inclination design reduces ditching resistance and ensures the stability of the ditch shape.

[0019] The chain-plate seedling feeding device 6 is the core mechanism for achieving electrically controlled plant spacing. The seedling feeding frame 601 has an inverted L-shaped structure, providing stable support for the installation of the seedling feeding belt 604. The seedling feeding belt drive rollers 602 at both ends of the seedling feeding frame 601, together with the first seedling feeding belt driven shaft 603 and the second seedling feeding belt driven shaft 606 at the outer corner foot position, form the transmission support structure of the seedling feeding belt 604. The seedling feeding plates 605 evenly arranged on the surface of the seedling feeding belt 604 are used to separate and carry the seedlings, ensuring that the seedlings do not collide or become misaligned during transportation. The seedling feeding belt drive roller 602 is powered by the tractor battery (power 40W, voltage 24V DC, linear speed 0-10.5m / min). Its control terminal is connected to the controller on the armrest of the operating chair on the side of the frame 1. The operator can adjust the rotation speed of the seedling feeding belt drive roller 602 through the controller, thereby adjusting the running speed of the seedling feeding belt 604. Combined with the spacing of the seedling feeding plates 605, precise control of different plant spacing can be achieved. On the tensioning shaft 20 at the inner corner of the seedling rack 601, a tensioning wheel 21 is set at the gap between the adjacent seedling feeding plates 605. The wheel surface contacts the surface of the seedling feeding belt 604, which can adjust the tension of the seedling feeding belt 604, prevent the seedling feeding belt 604 from loosening and causing the seedlings to be transported off-center, and ensure the accuracy of seedling feeding.

[0020] The soil covering and seedling burying spiral assembly 8, mounted on the lower middle part of the frame 1 via bracket 22, has a seedling burying spiral shaft 801 with a first right spiral blade 802, a first left spiral blade 803, a second right spiral blade 804, and a second left spiral blade 805 installed sequentially. This symmetrical spiral blade structure corresponds to the positions of two trenching sloping plowshares 5 (one trenching sloping plowshare is located between the first right spiral blade 802 and the first left spiral blade 803, and the other is located between the second right spiral blade 804 and the second left spiral blade 805). The front cross gear 9 on the outer side of the middle part of the frame 1 is connected to the drive gear 10 on the main shaft of the gearbox 7 via a transmission chain 11. After receiving power, it drives the seedling burying spiral gear 806 at one end of the seedling burying spiral shaft 801 to rotate via the transmission chain 11, thereby rotating the seedling burying spiral shaft 801 and each spiral blade. During rotation, the left and right spiral blades synchronously gather the soil from both sides of the trench towards the middle, achieving uniform soil covering of the seedling roots and avoiding uneven soil covering in some areas from affecting seedling growth. The bottom of the frame 1 is equipped with ditching discs 24 on the front and rear sides of the soil covering and seedling burying spiral assembly 8, thereby limiting the extent to which the soil spreads to both sides after rotary tillage on both sides of the ditching inclined plowshare 5.

[0021] The leveling plate 12 located between the soil covering and seedling burying spiral assembly 8 and the ground wheel 4 on the frame 1 is used to level the ground surface after soil covering, eliminate surface protrusions and depressions, provide a flat base for subsequent mulching operations, and ensure the flatness of the mulch film.

[0022] The film hanging rod 13 on the frame 1 is used to mount the mulch film. The film spreading rollers 15 installed on the front and rear sides of the ground wheel 4 through the adjusting rod 14 can adjust the height and angle of the film spreading rollers 15 through the adjusting rod 14, so that after the mulch film is released from the film hanging rod 13, it is pressed onto the leveled ground by the film spreading rollers 15, thus achieving the flat laying of the mulch film.

[0023] The support plates 16 on the front and rear sides of the bottom rear end of the frame 1 support the soil covering shaft 17. Two soil covering cutter discs 18, corresponding to the positions of the film spreading wheel 15, are mounted on the soil covering shaft 17. Soil covering blades 1802 are evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the disc body 1801, with curved edges 1803 facing opposite sides. The rear-side cross gear 19 at the rear end of the frame 1 is connected to the front-side cross gear 9 via a transmission chain 11. After receiving power, it drives the soil covering shaft 17 to rotate, causing the soil covering cutter discs 18 to rotate. The curved edge 1803 design allows the soil covering blades 1802 to smoothly push the soil to the edge of the mulch film during rotation, achieving a stable fixation of the mulch film and preventing it from loosening or being blown away by the wind. The top of the protective frame 23 above the soil covering cutter discs 18 is connected to the frame 1, encompassing the upper part of the soil covering cutter discs 18. This prevents soil and debris from splashing during the soil covering process, ensuring operator safety and preventing debris from being caught in the cutter discs and affecting transmission.

[0024] When using: Equipment connection and debugging: Connect the whole machine to the tractor through the traction device 2. The tractor's power output end is connected to the gearbox 7 through a universal joint. Put the plastic film on the hanging rod 13. Press the open end of the plastic film to the ground through the film spreading wheel 15. According to the requirements of the Chinese medicinal materials, set the speed of the seedling delivery belt drive roller 602 through the controller and adjust the plant spacing. Rotary tillage operation: Start the tractor, and the gearbox 7 transmits power to the rotating shaft 301 of the rotary tiller 3, driving the rotary tiller 3 to rotate and loosen the soil. Trenching operation: During the machine's forward movement, the ditching slant 5 cuts into the rotary tilled soil to form a V-shaped transplanting trench; Seedling delivery operation: The operator places the seedlings between the seedling delivery plates 605 of the seedling delivery belt 604. The seedling delivery belt drive roller 602 drives the seedling delivery belt 604 to run, accurately delivering the seedlings into the V-shaped ditch with the seedling heads facing upwards. Covering with soil: The front bridge gear 9 drives the seedling burying spiral shaft 801 and each spiral blade to rotate, gathering the soil on both sides of the trench towards the middle, thus completing the covering of the seedling roots with soil. Leveling operation: The leveling plate 12 moves forward with the machine to level the ground surface after it has been covered with soil; Film covering operation: The film spreading wheel 15 lays the film on the hanging rod 13 flat on the leveled ground; Pressing film operation: The rear bridge gear 19 receives power from the front bridge gear 9 and drives the soil covering shaft 17 and the soil covering cutter head 18 to rotate. The soil covering blade 1802 pushes the soil to the edge of the mulch film through the arc edge 1803 to complete the mulch film fixing.

[0025] Throughout the entire operation, rotary tillage, ditching, seedling placement, soil covering, leveling, mulching, and pressing are carried out continuously, with all mechanisms working in concert to achieve efficient and precise transplanting of root and rhizome medicinal herbs. Simultaneously, the installation height of the soil covering and seedling burying spiral component 8 and the leveling plate 12 can be adjusted according to actual needs to accommodate the soil covering thickness requirements of different seedlings. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined machine for transplanting rhizomes and other medicinal herbs with electrically controlled plant spacing, characterized in that, Includes a frame (1), a traction device (2) for connecting the power mechanism is installed at the front end of the frame (1), a rotary tiller (3) is rotatably installed at the bottom of the front end of the frame (1), a ground wheel (4) is rotatably installed at the lower middle part of the frame (1), and a ditching slant plowshare (5) and a chain plate seedling feeding device (6) are installed between the rotary tiller (3) and the ground wheel (4) on the frame (1). The chain plate seedling feeding device (6) includes a seedling feeding frame (601) installed on the frame (1). The seedling feeding frame (601) has an inverted L-shaped structure. The two ends of the seedling feeding frame (601) are respectively rotatably installed with a seedling feeding belt drive roller (602) and a first seedling feeding belt driven shaft (603). The outer corner of the seedling feeding frame (601) is rotatably installed with a second seedling feeding belt driven shaft (606). The second seedling feeding belt driven shaft (606), the seedling feeding belt drive roller (602) and the first seedling feeding belt driven shaft (603) are fitted with a seedling feeding belt (604). Several seedling feeding plates (605) are evenly arranged on the surface of the seedling feeding belt (604) along its running direction. The frame (1) is also equipped with a gearbox (7). The gearbox (7) is connected to the rotating shaft (301) of the rotary tiller (3) through a transmission component.

2. The electrically controlled plant spacing and rhizome transplanting combined operation machine for Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side and bottom surface of the trenching sloping plowshare (5) are both provided with inclined surfaces, with the outer side inclined at an angle of 8°-10° and the bottom surface inclined at an angle of 4°-6°.

3. The electrically controlled plant spacing and rhizome transplanting combined operation machine for Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 2, characterized in that, The soil covering and seedling burying spiral assembly (8) is installed on the lower middle part of the frame (1) via the bracket (22). The front cross-bridge gear (9) is installed on the outer side of the middle part of the frame (1). The drive gear (10) is installed on the main shaft of the gearbox (7). The drive gear (10) drives the front cross-bridge gear (9) to rotate via the transmission chain (11). The front cross-bridge gear (9) is connected to the power end of the soil covering and seedling burying spiral assembly (8) via the transmission chain (11).

4. The electrically controlled plant spacing and rhizome transplanting combined operation machine for Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 3, characterized in that, The soil covering and seedling burying spiral assembly (8) includes a seedling burying spiral shaft (801) rotatably mounted on the bracket (22). The seedling burying spiral shaft (801) is sequentially equipped with a first right spiral blade (802), a first left spiral blade (803), a second right spiral blade (804), and a second left spiral blade (805). A seedling burying spiral gear (806) is installed on one end of the seedling burying spiral shaft (801) corresponding to the front side overpass gear (9). The front side overpass gear (9) drives the seedling burying spiral gear (806) to rotate through the transmission chain (11). There are two ditching inclined plowshares (5). One ditching inclined plowshare (5) is positioned between the first right spiral blade (802) and the first left spiral blade (803), and the other ditching inclined plowshare (5) is positioned between the second right spiral blade (804) and the second left spiral blade (805).

5. The electrically controlled plant spacing and rhizome transplanting combined operation machine for Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 4, characterized in that, A flat plate (12) is installed on the frame (1) between the soil covering and seedling burying spiral assembly (8) and the ground wheel (4).

6. The electrically controlled plant spacing and rhizome transplanting combined operation machine for Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 5, characterized in that, A film hanging rod (13) is installed on the frame (1), and a film is movably mounted on the film hanging rod (13). Film spreading wheels (15) are installed on the front and rear sides of the ground wheel (4) located behind the flat plate (12) on the frame (1) via an adjusting rod (14). The film spreading wheels (15) are rotatably mounted on the adjusting rod (14).

7. The electrically controlled plant spacing and rhizome transplanting combined operation machine for Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 6, characterized in that, Support plates (16) are installed on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the rear end of the frame (1). A soil covering shaft (17) is rotatably installed on the support plate (16). Two soil covering cutter discs (18) are fixedly installed on the soil covering shaft (17) at the position corresponding to the film spreading wheel (15). A rear side bridge gear (19) is rotatably installed at the rear end of the frame (1). The rear side bridge gear (19) is connected to the front side bridge gear (9) through the transmission chain (11). The rear side bridge gear (19) is connected to the drive end of the soil covering shaft (17) through the transmission chain (11).

8. The electrically controlled plant spacing and rhizome transplanting combined operation machine for Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 7, characterized in that, The covering cutter disc (18) includes a disc body (1801) and a number of covering blades (1802) evenly distributed on its outer periphery. The covering blades (1802) have curved edges (1803) facing the opposite side of the two covering cutter discs (18).

9. The electrically controlled plant spacing and rhizome transplanting combined operation machine for Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 8, characterized in that, A protective frame (23) is provided above the soil covering cutterhead (18). The top of the protective frame (23) is connected to the frame (1). The upper part of the soil covering cutterhead (18) is enclosed in the protective frame (23).

10. The electrically controlled plant spacing and rhizome transplanting combined operation machine for Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 9, characterized in that, A tensioning shaft (20) is installed at the inner corner of the seedling rack (601). A tensioning wheel (21) is rotatably installed on the tensioning shaft (20) at the position corresponding to the gap between adjacent seedling feeding plates (605). The wheel surface of the tensioning wheel (21) is in contact with the belt surface of the seedling feeding belt (604).

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