Rice aroma and yield increasing agent and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and particularly relates to a rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent and application thereof, and the rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent comprises a primary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent and a secondary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent; the primary aroma and yield increasing agent is jasmonic acid methyl ester with the concentration of 50 [mu] mol / L-100 [mu] mol / L; the formula of the secondary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent is as follows: each liter of the secondary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent contains 0.8 to 1.2 g of ornithine, 25 to 35 mmol of trehalose, 1.0 to 1.4 g of vitamin B1, 1.8 to 2.2 g of vitamin B5, 1 to 3 mg of nano zinc oxide, 4 to 6 mg of sodium selenite, 1 to 3 g of KH2PO4 and the balance of water. The rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent disclosed by the invention has excellent performance when being applied to three aromatic rice varieties, the 2-AP content is remarkably increased, the yield is kept stable and even slightly increased, and the contradiction between aroma enhancement and yield reduction is successfully solved. The whole set of scheme is synergistic in component, simple and convenient to operate, environment-friendly, good in stability and universality and suitable for large-area production, popularization and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of crop cultivation technology, specifically relating to a rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Fragrant rice is a special type of rice, valued for its unique aroma, which primarily originates from the volatile compound 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, or 2-AP. To enhance rice aroma, current technologies mainly focus on three directions: first, exogenous application of proline or its precursors to directly supplement aroma synthesis substrates; second, indirect influence on metabolism through environmental regulation such as water, fertilizer, and light; and third, selection of highly fragrant varieties through genetic breeding. Among these, exogenous application of proline is widely researched and applied due to its simplicity and rapid effectiveness; existing patent CN113661889A discloses a scheme for spraying proline and zinc salts. However, this method has a fundamental flaw: a large influx of exogenous proline strongly inhibits the activity of key enzymes in the plant's endogenous proline synthesis pathway through feedback inhibition mechanisms. This not only leads to a decline in endogenous synthesis capacity, making plant growth dependent on exogenous supply, but may also affect final yield due to metabolic imbalance. Therefore, developing a new strategy that can both efficiently promote the accumulation of aroma substances and maintain stable yield has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent. Through a two-stage regulatory strategy of signal-guided endogenous activation and bypass precursor synergistic supply, it resolves the contradiction of exogenous proline inhibiting endogenous synthesis and achieves stable enhancement of aroma components.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: This invention provides a rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent, which includes a primary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent and a secondary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent; The primary flavor enhancer and yield increaser is methyl jasmonate at a concentration of 50 μmol / L to 100 μmol / L; The formula for the secondary flavor enhancer and yield enhancer is as follows: each liter of the secondary flavor enhancer and yield enhancer contains 0.8g~1.2g of ornithine, 25mmol~35mmol of trehalose, 1.0g~1.4g of vitamin B1, 1.8g~2.2g of vitamin B5, 1mg~3mg of nano zinc oxide, 4mg~6mg of sodium selenite, and 1g~3g of KH2PO4, with the remainder made up with water.

[0005] Preferably, the primary flavor enhancer and yield increaser is methyl jasmonate at a concentration of 75 μmol / L; The formula for the secondary flavor enhancer and yield enhancer is as follows: each liter of the secondary flavor enhancer and yield enhancer contains 1g of ornithine, 30mmol of trehalose, 1.2g of vitamin B1, 1.908g of vitamin B5, 2mg of nano zinc oxide, 5mg of sodium selenite and 2g of KH2PO2, with the remainder made up with water.

[0006] The present invention also provides an application of the rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent, which is used to improve the aroma and / or yield of rice.

[0007] Preferably, improving the aroma of rice refers to increasing the content of 2-acetyl-1-pyrrolidine in rice grains.

[0008] Preferably, the application method of the rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent is as follows: Spray the first-level aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent at the early stage of young panicle differentiation in rice; spray the second-level aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent at the late stage of panicle initiation in rice.

[0009] Preferably, the application rate of the primary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent is 35L / mu to 50L / mu; the application rate of the secondary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent is 30L / mu to 45L / mu.

[0010] Preferably, the application rate of the primary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent is 40L / mu; the application rate of the secondary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent is 40L / mu.

[0011] Preferably, the rice varieties for which the rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent is applicable include at least one of Wuyou Rice No. 4, Suijing No. 18, and Longdao No. 18.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention provides a rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent, comprising a primary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent and a secondary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent; the primary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent is methyl jasmonate at a concentration of 50 μmol / L to 100 μmol / L; the secondary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent is formulated as follows: each liter of the secondary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent contains 0.8 g to 1.2 g of ornithine, 25 mmol to 35 mmol of trehalose, 1.0 g to 1.4 g of vitamin B1, 1.8 g to 2.2 g of vitamin B5, 1 mg to 3 mg of nano zinc oxide, 4 mg to 6 mg of sodium selenite, and 1 g to 3 g of KH2PO4, with the remainder made up with water. Based on the aforementioned rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent, this invention innovatively utilizes methyl jasmonate to activate the endogenous proline synthesis pathway in rice through a two-stage strategy of "signal-guided endogenous activation + ornithine bypass precursor supply." It then uses exogenous ornithine as a precursor to bypass and convert to proline, fundamentally avoiding the feedback inhibition of the glutamate main pathway caused by the direct application of exogenous proline. This achieves efficient and stable accumulation of the aroma precursor 2-acetyl-1-pyrrolline. The rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent of this invention has shown excellent performance in three aromatic rice varieties, with 2-AP content increasing by up to 27.94% compared to the conventional control and up to 13.38% compared to existing technologies, while maintaining stable yields or even slightly increasing them, successfully resolving the contradiction between aroma enhancement and yield reduction. The entire scheme of this invention features synergistic components, simple operation, and environmental friendliness, exhibiting good stability and universality, making it suitable for large-scale production and application. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 Statistics on the yield and 2-AP content of Wuyou Rice No. 4. A: 2-AP content statistics; B: Yield statistics.

[0014] Figure 2 Statistics on the yield and 2-AP content of Suijing 18. A: 2-AP content statistics; B: Yield statistics.

[0015] Figure 3 Statistics on the yield and 2-AP content of Longdao 18. A: 2-AP content statistics; B: Yield statistics. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further illustrated below with specific embodiments, but these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Modifications or substitutions to the details and form of the technical solutions of the present invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, but all such modifications or substitutions fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0017] The inventive concept of this invention is as follows: By applying rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agents to rice in multiple applications, this invention constructs a two-stage precise regulation system of "signal-guided endogenous activation + synergistic supply of bypass precursors". Its core lies in introducing an "ornithine bypass" strategy to circumvent feedback inhibition.

[0018] The first stage, namely the early stage of spikelet differentiation: guided by endogenous pathways.

[0019] Foliar spray with a 50μmol / L~100μmol / L methyl jasmonate aqueous solution.

[0020] Function: Using methyl jasmonate as a signaling molecule, it moderately "awakens" and enhances the plant's endogenous proline synthesis capacity-glutamate pathway, laying the endogenous foundation for aroma synthesis, rather than directly providing a large amount of substrate.

[0021] The second stage, namely the late incubation period: synergistic supply of precursors via bypass.

[0022] Foliar spraying of synergistic agents, including: Ornithine: The core innovative component of this invention. Its role is not as a direct substrate, but rather as a precursor to proline via an alternative pathway called "ornithine-glutamate semialdehyde". The key advantage of this pathway is that it completely avoids the feedback inhibition of the main glutamate synthesis pathway by exogenous proline, achieving perfect complementarity and synergy with the endogenous activation pathway.

[0023] Trehalose: Provides a highly efficient energy substrate and osmotic protection, supporting the energy needs of the entire metabolic process.

[0024] Vitamin B1 and Vitamin B5: Enhance energy metabolism and acyl activation, providing sufficient cofactors for enzymatic reactions.

[0025] Nano-zinc oxide and sodium selenite: Targeted supply of Zn, an essential cofactor for key enzymes such as transaminases. 2+ And antioxidant protection.

[0026] KH2PO4: Maintains cellular energy status and ion balance.

[0027] This invention is the first to discover and define the core contradiction in existing technologies—"exogenous proline inhibiting endogenous synthesis"—providing a new perspective on aroma regulation technology. It pioneers an "ornithine bypass precursor strategy," fundamentally resolving the aforementioned contradiction and achieving parallel and synergistic effects between endogenous synthesis and exogenous supplementation. This is a completely new technical approach not previously documented in existing technologies.

[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the technical solutions of this invention, the invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, all reagents used in this invention are commercially available, and all methods used are conventional techniques in the art.

[0029] The sources of the reagents used in this invention are shown in Table 1.

[0030] Table 1. Sources of Reagents (1) The formula of the rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent of the present invention.

[0031] Each liter of rice flavor enhancer and yield increaser contains: Methyl jasmonate (50 μmol–100 μmol), ornithine (0.8 g–1.2 g), trehalose (25 mmol–35 mmol), vitamin B1 (1.0 g–1.4 g), vitamin B5 (1.8 g–2.2 g), nano zinc oxide (1 mg–3 mg), sodium selenite (4 mg–6 mg), and KH₂PO₂ (1 g–3 g).

[0032] Formula for primary flavor enhancer and yield enhancer: Dissolve 50μmol~100μmol of methyl jasmonate in 1L of water to obtain primary flavor enhancer and yield enhancer.

[0033] Formula for secondary flavor enhancer and yield increaser: Take 0.8g~1.2g of ornithine, 25mmol~35mmol of trehalose, 1.0g~1.4g of vitamin B1, 1.8g~2.2g of vitamin B5, 1mg~3mg of nano zinc oxide, 4mg~6mg of sodium selenite and 1g~3g of KH2PO4, add water to make up to 1L, and the secondary flavor enhancer and yield increaser is obtained.

[0034] (2) The test site of the present invention.

[0035] Zhaoyuan Farm, located in Zhaoyuan County, Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province, is situated in the first accumulated temperature zone of the Northern Hemisphere. It has a frost-free period of 135 to 145 days and an annual accumulated temperature of ≥10℃ of 2900℃ to 3200℃, belonging to the subtropical monsoon climate.

[0036] Example 1 A rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent and its application, wherein the rice variety used in this embodiment is Wuyou Rice No. 4, as detailed below: S1. Preparation of rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agents.

[0037] Preparation of primary aroma enhancer and yield enhancer: Weigh methyl jasmonate, dissolve it in water to obtain a 75 μmol / L methyl jasmonate solution, which is the primary aroma enhancer and yield enhancer.

[0038] Preparation of secondary aroma enhancers and yield enhancers: Weigh out ornithine, trehalose, vitamin B1, vitamin B5, nano zinc oxide, sodium selenite, and KH2PO4, and dissolve them in water so that each liter of solution contains 1g of ornithine, 30mM of trehalose, 1.2g of vitamin B1, 1.908g of vitamin B5, 2mg of nano zinc oxide, 5mg of sodium selenite, and 2g of KH2PO4, thus obtaining the secondary flavor enhancer and yield increaser.

[0039] S2, spray rice aroma and yield enhancer.

[0040] When the seeds of Wuyou Rice No. 4 reach the early stage of panicle differentiation, spray the leaves with the primary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent prepared in S1 at a rate of 40L per mu. When Wuyou Rice No. 4 reaches the late booting stage, continue to spray the leaves with the secondary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent prepared in S1 at a rate of 40L per mu. All other cultivation and management measures are carried out according to conventional methods.

[0041] Example 2 A rice aroma enhancer and yield increaser and its application are as follows: A rice aroma enhancer and yield increaser and its application, wherein the rice variety used in this embodiment is Suijing 18, as detailed below: S1. Preparation of rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agents.

[0042] Preparation of primary aroma enhancer and yield enhancer: Weigh methyl jasmonate, dissolve it in water to obtain a 50 μmol / L methyl jasmonate solution, which is the primary aroma enhancer and yield enhancer.

[0043] Preparation of secondary aroma enhancers and yield enhancers: Weigh out ornithine, trehalose, vitamin B1, vitamin B5, nano zinc oxide, sodium selenite, and KH2PO4, and dissolve them in water so that each liter of solution contains 0.8g of ornithine, 25mmol of trehalose, 1g of vitamin B1, 1.8g of vitamin B5, 1mg of nano zinc oxide, 4mg of sodium selenite, and 1g of KH2PO4, thus obtaining the secondary flavor enhancer and yield increaser.

[0044] S2, spray rice aroma and yield enhancer.

[0045] When the seeds of Wusuijing 18 reach the early stage of panicle differentiation, spray the leaves with the primary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent prepared in S1 at a rate of 35L per mu. When Wusuijing 18 reaches the late booting stage, continue to spray the leaves with the secondary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent prepared in S1 at a rate of 45L per mu. All other cultivation and management measures are carried out according to conventional methods.

[0046] Example 3 A rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent and its application, wherein the rice variety used in this embodiment is Longdao 18, as detailed below: S1. Preparation of rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agents.

[0047] Preparation of primary aroma enhancer and yield enhancer: Weigh methyl jasmonate, dissolve it in water to obtain a 100 μmol / L methyl jasmonate solution, which is the primary aroma enhancer and yield enhancer.

[0048] Preparation of secondary aroma enhancers and yield enhancers: Weigh out ornithine, trehalose, vitamin B1, vitamin B5, nano zinc oxide, sodium selenite, and KH2PO4, and dissolve them in water so that each liter of solution contains 1.2g of ornithine, 35mM of trehalose, 1.4g of vitamin B1, 2.2g of vitamin B5, 3mg of nano zinc oxide, 6mg of sodium selenite, and 3g of KH2PO4, thus obtaining the secondary flavor enhancer and yield increaser.

[0049] S2, spray rice aroma and yield enhancer.

[0050] When the seeds of Longdao 18 reach the early stage of panicle differentiation, spray the leaves with the primary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent prepared in S1 at a rate of 50L per mu. When Longdao 18 reaches the late booting stage, continue to spray the leaves with the secondary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent prepared in S1 at a rate of 30L per mu. All other cultivation and management measures are carried out according to conventional methods.

[0051] Comparative Example 1 A rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent and its application, wherein the rice variety used in this embodiment is Wuyou Rice No. 4, as detailed below: S1. Preparation of rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agents.

[0052] Weigh out L-proline and zinc chloride, dissolve them in water so that each liter of solution contains 50g of L-proline and 5g of zinc chloride, and you will get a rice flavor enhancer and yield increaser.

[0053] S2, spray rice aroma and yield enhancer.

[0054] When Wuyou Rice No. 4 reaches the late booting stage, spray the leaves with the rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent prepared in S1 at a rate of 40L per mu. All other cultivation and management measures are carried out according to conventional methods.

[0055] Comparative Example 2 A rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent and its application, used in this comparative example of the rice variety Suijing 18, as detailed below: S1. Preparation of rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent: Same as comparative example 1.

[0056] S2, spray rice aroma and yield enhancer.

[0057] When Wusuijing 18 reaches the late booting stage, spray the leaves with the rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent prepared in S1 at a rate of 45L per mu. All other cultivation and management measures are carried out according to conventional methods.

[0058] Comparative Example 3 A rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent and its application, used in this comparative example on the rice variety Longdao 18, as detailed below: S1. Preparation of rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent: Same as comparative example 1.

[0059] S2, spray rice aroma and yield enhancer.

[0060] When Longdao 18 reaches the late booting stage, spray the leaves with the rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent prepared in S1 at a rate of 30L per mu. All other cultivation and management measures are carried out according to conventional methods.

[0061] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example is CK, where no aroma-enhancing or yield-increasing agents were sprayed on Wuyou Rice No. 4, Wusui Jing No. 18, and Longdao No. 18, and all cultivation and management measures were carried out according to conventional methods.

[0062] The yield and 2-AP content of rice in Examples 1-3, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 were calculated as follows: When the rice in Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 reached maturity, i.e. when the grain moisture content dropped to about 20%, samples were taken. Three replicates were randomly selected for each example and comparative example. For each replicate, 50 whole rice panicles were taken, threshed, and air-dried until the grain moisture content was 12% for 2-AP content determination.

[0063] The specific method for determining the 2-AP content is as follows: (1) Sample pretreatment: Take 30g of grains, store them at -20℃, grind them for 60s using a rice milling machine, and then pass them through a 60-mesh sieve.

[0064] (2) Extraction method: Extraction was carried out by heating in a 70℃ water bath for 4 hours, and the solvent was dichloromethane.

[0065] (3) Instrumental analysis: Quantitative analysis was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, with 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine (TMP) as the internal standard.

[0066] The rice measurement results obtained from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 are shown in Tables 2-4. Figures 1-3 As shown.

[0067] Table 2. Statistical results of yield and 2-AP content of Wuyou Rice No. 4 Table 3. Statistical results of yield and 2-AP content of Suijing No. 18 rice. Table 4. Statistical results of yield and 2-AP content of Longdao 18. Note: In Tables 2-4, "-" indicates that this item is not present.

[0068] In summary, 2-AP is the most important volatile substance characteristic of fragrant rice, giving it a popcorn-like or vanillin-like aroma. Its concentration is directly related to the intensity of the aroma perceived by human olfaction, thus making it an objective and quantifiable chemical marker. Its content directly reflects the intensity of the rice's aroma. The 2-AP content of the fragrant rice obtained in Examples 1-3 of this invention is significantly higher than that in Comparative Example 1. p <0.05; among them, Example 1 showed the largest increase, reaching 13.36%. These data indicate that the rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent provided by the present invention effectively avoids the feedback inhibition of exogenous proline through the "ornithine bypass strategy," achieving efficient accumulation of 2-AP while maintaining stable yield.

[0069] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0070] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent, characterized in that, The rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent includes a primary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent and a secondary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent; The primary flavor enhancer and yield increaser is methyl jasmonate at a concentration of 50 μmol / L to 100 μmol / L; The formula for the secondary flavor enhancer and yield enhancer is as follows: each liter of the secondary flavor enhancer and yield enhancer contains 0.8g~1.2g of ornithine, 25mmol~35mmol of trehalose, 1.0g~1.4g of vitamin B1, 1.8g~2.2g of vitamin B5, 1mg~3mg of nano zinc oxide, 4mg~6mg of sodium selenite, and 1g~3g of KH2PO4, with the remainder made up with water.

2. The rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The primary flavor enhancer and yield increaser is methyl jasmonate at a concentration of 75 μmol / L; The formula for the secondary flavor enhancer and yield enhancer is as follows: each liter of the secondary flavor enhancer and yield enhancer contains 1g of ornithine, 30mmol of trehalose, 1.2g of vitamin B1, 1.908g of vitamin B5, 2mg of nano zinc oxide, 5mg of sodium selenite and 2g of KH2PO2, with the remainder made up with water.

3. The application of the rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rice aroma enhancer and yield increaser is used to improve the aroma and / or yield of rice.

4. The application as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Enhancing the aroma of rice refers to increasing the content of 2-acetyl-1-pyrrolidine in rice grains.

5. The application as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The application methods for rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agents are as follows: Spray a grade one aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent on rice during the early stage of panicle differentiation; Spray a secondary aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent on rice at the end of the booting stage.

6. The application as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The application rate of the first-grade aroma enhancer and yield increaser is 35L / mu to 50L / mu; The application rate of the secondary aroma enhancer and yield enhancer is 30L / mu to 45L / mu.

7. The application as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The application rate of the first-grade aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent is 40L / mu; The application rate of the secondary aroma enhancer and yield increaser is 40L / mu.

8. The application as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The rice aroma-enhancing and yield-increasing agent is applicable to at least one of the following rice varieties: Wuyou Rice No. 4, Suijing No. 18, and Longdao No. 18.

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