Adjustable hydropower station unit volute concrete pouring and vibrating device

Abstract

The adjustable hydropower station unit volute concrete pouring and vibrating device comprises a frame and a sound wave vibrating rod, a vibrating position adjusting assembly is arranged on the frame, a closed-loop quality monitoring system is arranged in the sound wave vibrating rod, a bottom plate is fixedly connected to the side face of the frame, and a vibrating assembly is arranged on the bottom plate. By arranging the closed-loop quality monitoring system, physical feedback signals of concrete are collected in real time by using the accelerometer and the acoustic sensor in the sound wave vibrating rod. And the arranged vibrating position adjusting assembly can flexibly meet the construction requirements of irregular curved surfaces such as a volute of a hydropower station unit, it is ensured that the vibrating rod can accurately reach a preset operation point position, and the universality and construction precision of the device are improved. By integrating the space positioning and vibration leakage prevention subsystem and the data recording and quality tracing subsystem, the technical problems that vibration leakage is likely to occur in traditional construction, and the process cannot be traced are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy engineering construction equipment, and in particular relates to an adjustable vibration device for pouring concrete for the spiral casing of a hydropower station unit. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of large-scale hydropower stations and other water conservancy projects, the turbine casing, as a core flow-through component, directly affects the safe, stable operation and service life of the entire unit due to the quality of its concrete pouring. To ensure the density, strength, and uniformity of the concrete and to eliminate internal air bubbles and pores, vibration is an indispensable and crucial step in the concrete pouring process.

[0003] Currently, for concrete pouring with complex three-dimensional irregular curved surfaces like volutes, handheld or simple fixed vibrators are commonly used. However, this traditional method has significant technical drawbacks. First, the unique geometry of the volute structure makes it difficult for the vibrator to achieve precise positioning and effective contact at all predetermined points, especially on inclined surfaces and in areas with significant curvature changes, making it difficult to guarantee the vibration effect.

[0004] More importantly, the vibration quality of existing technologies relies entirely on the operator's personal experience and subjective judgment. Operators judge the degree of concrete vibration by listening to the sound, looking for air bubbles, and relying on touch. This method lacks a unified, objective, and quantitative standard, which easily leads to inconsistent construction quality. In practice, under-vibration or over-vibration occurs frequently. Under-vibration can cause defects such as honeycomb and pitting inside the concrete, while over-vibration can cause segregation. Both of these can seriously affect the structural safety performance.

[0005] Furthermore, in large-scale continuous operations, relying solely on manual memory and marking for management can easily lead to missed vibration points, resulting in weak structural areas. Simultaneously, the lack of systematic data recording throughout the vibration process makes it impossible to effectively trace the construction process and assign responsibility if concrete quality problems are discovered later, posing significant challenges to project quality control and assessment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an adjustable vibration device for pouring concrete for the spiral casing of hydropower station units. This device solves the technical problems of existing vibration devices, such as difficulty in accurately adjusting the vibration position when facing complex curved surfaces like the spiral casing of hydropower stations, resulting in missed vibrations; excessive reliance on operator experience for vibration quality, leading to unstable quality due to a lack of objective judgment standards; and lack of construction process data, making it impossible to achieve quality traceability.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0008] This invention provides an adjustable concrete pouring and compaction device for the spiral casing of a hydropower station unit, comprising a frame and an acoustic vibrator. Both ends of the frame are equipped with vibration position adjustment components for moving and adjusting the overall position of the acoustic vibrator. The acoustic vibrator is internally equipped with a closed-loop quality monitoring system to monitor changes in the density of the concrete during the vibration process. Multiple base plates are fixedly connected to the sides of the frame, and each base plate is equipped with a vibration component for vibrating the concrete on the surface of the spiral casing of the hydropower station unit.

[0009] Preferably, each of the two vibration position adjustment components is fixedly connected to a fixing block at its end, and a limiting rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the two fixing blocks. Multiple fixing components are provided on the outer side of the limiting rod, which are used to securely fix the multiple acoustic vibrators while facilitating the adjustment of the position of the multiple acoustic vibrators. The vibration position adjustment assembly includes a connecting rod 1, which is rotatably connected to the inner side of the frame. Two connecting rods 2 are rotatably connected to the outer side of one end of the connecting rod 1. A connecting rod 4 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the other end of the two connecting rods 2. A connecting rod 3 is rotatably connected to the inner side of one end of the two connecting rods 2 near the connecting rod 4. The other end of the connecting rod 3 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixing block. A vibration motor is fixedly connected to the outer side of one of the fixing blocks. The vibration motor is fixedly connected to the inner side of the end of the limiting rod. A housing is fixedly connected to the side of the frame. A generator is fixedly connected to the inner side of the housing. Multiple casters are provided at the bottom of the frame.

[0010] Preferably, the vibration position adjustment assembly further includes an electric push rod one, one end of which is rotatably connected to the inner side of the frame, and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the inner side of the end of the connecting rod two near the connecting rod one. The end of the connecting rod two near the connecting rod one is rotatably connected to an electric push rod two, and the other end of the electric push rod two is rotatably connected to the inner side of the connecting rod four. The inner side of the end of the connecting rod four is rotatably connected to an electric push rod three, and the other end of the electric push rod three is rotatably connected to the inner side of the end of the connecting rod three near the fixing block.

[0011] Preferably, the fixing component includes two connecting rings, both of which are slidably connected to the outside of the limiting rod. The two connecting rings are fixedly connected to the sides of the two connecting rings with slot blocks. The outside of the acoustic vibrator is equipped with an installation flange, and the two ends of the installation flange are respectively engaged with the inside of the two slot blocks.

[0012] Preferably, the vibrating assembly includes a motor, which is fixedly connected to the inner side of the base plate. A flexible shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and an acoustic vibrating rod is fixedly connected to the end of the flexible shaft away from the motor.

[0013] Preferably, the closed-loop quality monitoring system includes: A sensor module is disposed at the front end of the acoustic vibrator, the sensor module including an accelerometer and an acoustic sensor; The accelerometer is used to collect the acceleration signal fed back by the sonic vibrator when it vibrates in the concrete in real time, so as to characterize the damping characteristics and density of the concrete. The acoustic sensor is used to collect acoustic signals generated by the gas expelled from inside the concrete and the frictional movement of aggregates during the vibration process.

[0014] Preferably, the closed-loop quality monitoring system further includes a central processing unit electrically connected to the sensor module. The central processing unit has a built-in vibration state determination algorithm model. The algorithm model can fuse the acceleration signal and the acoustic signal and compare them with a preset feature database of under-vibration, optimal and over-vibration states to output the current vibration state result in real time.

[0015] Preferably, the closed-loop quality monitoring system further includes a human-machine interaction alarm module installed on the frame or at the operating end of the acoustic vibrator. The human-machine interaction alarm module is connected to the central processing unit and provides intuitive feedback to the operator, including under-vibration, vibration completion, or over-vibration warnings, based on the vibration status results it outputs, through a three-color status indicator light.

[0016] Preferably, the closed-loop quality monitoring system further includes a spatial positioning and anti-vibration unit; The spatial positioning and anti-vibration unit includes a positioning beacon installed on the acoustic vibrator and multiple positioning base stations arranged in the construction area, which are used to obtain the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the acoustic vibrator in real time. The closed-loop quality monitoring system can compare real-time coordinates with the preset building information model vibration grid, and visualize the vibrated, unvibrated, and missed vibration areas in the form of a heat map on the display terminal.

[0017] Preferably, the closed-loop quality monitoring system further includes a data recording and traceability module, which is connected to the central processing unit and the spatial positioning and anti-leakage vibration unit. The data recording and traceability module is used to associate and store the spatial coordinates of each vibration point, the start and end time of vibration, the vibration status result and operator information in the memory to form an unalterable digital construction log for quality traceability.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention utilizes a closed-loop quality monitoring system, employing accelerometers and acoustic sensors within the acoustic vibrator to collect real-time physical feedback signals from the concrete. These signals are analyzed by a central processing unit with a built-in algorithm model, compared against a pre-defined database of under-vibration, optimal, and over-vibration states, and output objective and clear operational instructions via three-color status indicator lights. This technical solution transforms traditional fuzzy control, reliant on operator experience, into precise, data-driven judgment, effectively preventing quality defects caused by insufficient or excessive vibration and ensuring that the construction quality at each vibration point meets a uniform standard.

[0019] 2. The vibration position adjustment component of this invention, driven by electric push rods one, two, and three, enables the coordinated movement of multiple connecting rods (connecting rod one, connecting rod two, connecting rod three, and connecting rod four), achieving precise adjustment of the overall three-dimensional spatial position and orientation of the acoustic vibrator array. Compared to traditional fixed or manually adjustable devices, this invention can flexibly adapt to the construction requirements of irregular curved surfaces such as the spiral casing of hydropower station units, ensuring that the vibrator accurately reaches the preset working point, thus improving the versatility and construction accuracy of the device.

[0020] 3. This invention solves the technical problems of missed vibrations and lack of process traceability in traditional construction by integrating a spatial positioning and anti-missed vibration subsystem and a data recording and quality traceability subsystem. The former utilizes ultra-wideband positioning technology and building information modeling to visualize the vibration operation process and mark completed work points in real time, effectively preventing area omissions. The latter automatically links and stores the spatial coordinates, operation time, quality results, and operator information of each vibration point, forming an immutable digital construction log, providing reliable data for later auditing and traceability of project quality. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the generator of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting rod of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod four of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible shaft of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the acoustic vibrator of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting ring of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an overall functional block diagram of the closed-loop quality monitoring system of the present invention; Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the data record entry structure of the data recording and quality traceability subsystem of the present invention.

[0022] The components include: 1. Frame; 2. Casters; 3. Base plate; 4. Limiting rod; 5. Flexible shaft; 6. Acoustic vibrator; 7. Electric push rod one; 8. Electric push rod two; 9. Electric push rod three; 10. Outer shell; 11. Connecting rod one; 12. Connecting rod two; 13. Connecting rod three; 14. Connecting ring; 15. Fixing block; 16. Vibration motor; 17. Mounting flange; 18. Slot block; 19. Motor; 20. Generator; 21. Connecting rod four; 22. Three-color status indicator light. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection is not limited to what is described.

[0024] Example: Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 7 This invention provides an adjustable vibration device for pouring concrete for the spiral casing of a hydropower station unit, including a frame 1 and an acoustic vibrator 6. Both ends of the frame 1 are provided with vibration position adjustment components, which are used to move and adjust the position of the acoustic vibrator 6 as a whole. The acoustic vibrator 6 is equipped with a closed-loop quality monitoring system to monitor the density change of the concrete during the vibration process. Multiple base plates 3 are fixedly connected to the side of the frame 1, and vibration components are provided on the side of the multiple base plates 3 for vibrating the concrete on the surface of the spiral casing of the hydropower station unit. The ends of the two vibration position adjustment components are fixedly connected to the fixing blocks 15. The inner side of the two fixing blocks 15 is fixedly connected to the limit rods 4. Multiple fixing components are provided on the outer side of the limit rods 4 to securely fix the multiple sonic vibrators 6 while facilitating the adjustment of the position of the multiple sonic vibrators 6. The vibration position adjustment assembly includes a connecting rod 11, which is rotatably connected to the inner side of the frame 1. Two connecting rods 12 are rotatably connected to the outer side of the end of the connecting rod 11. A connecting rod 21 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the other end of the two connecting rods 12. A connecting rod 13 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the end of the two connecting rods 12 near the connecting rod 21. The other end of the connecting rod 13 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixing block 15.

[0025] Specifically, frame 1 provides a stable bearing platform for the entire device and serves as the mounting base for the vibration position adjustment assembly, base plate 3, and other components; the sonic vibrator 6 is inserted into the newly poured concrete, liquefying the concrete through high-frequency vibration, expelling air bubbles, and improving its density; the vibration position adjustment assembly precisely drives the entire array of sonic vibrators 6 to translate or adjust the angle in three-dimensional space according to construction requirements to reach the designated vibration point; the closed-loop quality monitoring system monitors and analyzes the changes in the physical properties of the concrete during vibration in real time, determines whether it has reached the optimal density state, and provides operational guidance to the operator to prevent under-vibration or over-vibration; the base plate 3 provides a stable mounting surface for the vibration assembly; the vibration assembly is used to vibrate the surface concrete of the hydropower station unit's spiral casing to help improve the flatness and density of the surface concrete. The fixing block 15 serves as a connector, with one end connected to the end of the vibration position adjustment component and the other end used to fix the limiting rod 4, thereby transmitting the movement of the adjustment component to the suspension system of the sonic vibrator 6. The limiting rod 4 acts as a transverse guide rail or support beam, used to suspend multiple fixing components and defining the alignment baseline of multiple sonic vibrators 6. The fixing components are used to adjustably mount individual sonic vibrators 6 on the limiting rod 4, ensuring their stable fixation while allowing the operator to adjust the spacing between each vibrator. Connecting rod 11, connecting rod 22, connecting rod 33, and connecting rod 421, through a specific rotational connection method, together constitute a multi-bar linkage mechanism. This mechanism can generate a preset motion trajectory under the action of driving force, thereby achieving precise control of the position of the fixing block 15.

[0026] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 4 The vibration position adjustment assembly also includes an electric push rod 7. One end of the electric push rod 7 is rotatably connected to the inside of the frame 1. The other end of the electric push rod 7 is rotatably connected to the inside of the end of the connecting rod 12 near the connecting rod 11. An electric push rod 8 is rotatably connected to the end of the connecting rod 12 near the connecting rod 11. The other end of the electric push rod 8 is rotatably connected to the inside of the connecting rod 21. An electric push rod 9 is rotatably connected to the inside of the end of the connecting rod 21. The other end of the electric push rod 9 is rotatably connected to the inside of the end of the connecting rod 13 near the fixing block 15.

[0027] Specifically, electric push rod 7 is used to drive connecting rod 12 to move by extending or retracting, thereby raising or lowering the entire multi-link mechanism to control the vertical height of the fixed block 15; electric push rod 8 is used to change the relative position of connecting rod 12 and connecting rod 21 by extending or retracting, thereby controlling the forward and backward movement of the fixed block 15 in the horizontal direction; electric push rod 9 is used to directly drive connecting rod 13 to swing by extending or retracting, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the pitch angle of the fixed block 15.

[0028] Please see the appendix Figure 1 Appendix Figure 2 Appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 6 The vibrating assembly includes a motor 19, which is fixedly connected to the inner side of the base plate 3. A flexible shaft 5 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 19, and an acoustic vibrating rod 6 is fixedly connected to the end of the flexible shaft 5 away from the motor 19.

[0029] Specifically, the motor 19 serves as a power source, converting electrical energy into rotational mechanical energy to provide the initial power for the vibration operation; the base plate 3 provides a stable mounting base for the motor 19, ensuring its stable operation; the flexible shaft 5 flexibly and remotely transmits the rotational motion output by the motor 19 to the sonic vibrator 6, allowing it to be flexibly arranged at different vibration points; the sonic vibrator 6 generates high-frequency mechanical vibration under the drive of the flexible shaft 5, and transmits this vibrational energy to the concrete into which it is inserted, thereby reducing the adhesion and friction between concrete aggregates, expelling trapped air bubbles and excess moisture, and thus improving the density and uniformity of the concrete.

[0030] Please see the appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 7 The fixing component includes two connecting rings 14, both of which are slidably connected to the outside of the limiting rod 4. The two connecting rings 14 are fixedly connected to the sides of the slot blocks 18. The outer side of the sonic vibrator 6 is equipped with an installation flange 17, and the two ends of the installation flange 17 are respectively snapped into the inner side of the two slot blocks 18.

[0031] Specifically, the two connecting rings 14 are used to slide on the limiting rod 4 to adjust the lateral position of the corresponding sonic vibrator 6, thereby adjusting the spacing between multiple sonic vibrator 6; the slot block 18 is used to provide a stable snap-fit ​​structure to facilitate the access of the mounting flange 17; the mounting flange 17, as a connector installed on the sonic vibrator 6, securely suspends the sonic vibrator 6 on the fixed assembly by snapping its two ends with the two slot blocks 18, and facilitates disassembly or replacement.

[0032] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 One of the fixing blocks 15 is fixedly connected to the outer side of a vibration motor 16, which is fixedly connected to the inner side of the end of the limit rod 4. The frame 1 is fixedly connected to the side of a housing 10, and the housing 10 is fixedly connected to the inner side of a generator 20. The bottom of the frame 1 is provided with multiple casters 2.

[0033] Specifically, the vibratory motor 16 generates high-frequency mechanical vibration after startup, which is transmitted to all the sonic vibrators 6 suspended above it via the limit rod 4 to apply an overall auxiliary vibration to the concrete; the outer casing 10 houses the generator 20 and provides it with physical protection to isolate it from dust and moisture at the construction site; the generator 20 generates electrical energy to power all the electrical components of the device, enabling the device to work as an independent mobile work unit; multiple casters 2 support the overall weight of the frame 1 and enable the entire device to move and turn within the construction site to adjust the working position.

[0034] Please see the appendix Figure 8 and attached Figure 9 The closed-loop quality monitoring system provided by this invention aims to offer a technical solution for determining the vibration status, calibrating the vibration position, and recording construction data, thereby solving the technical problem of reduced concrete pouring quality caused by improper control of vibration time and position. The closed-loop quality monitoring system may include: a status perception subsystem 30, an intelligent decision-making and alarm subsystem 40, a spatial positioning and anti-leakage vibration subsystem 50, and a data recording and quality traceability subsystem 60.

[0035] The state-sensing subsystem 30 is located at the internal front end of the acoustic vibrator 6. It includes a sensor module containing an accelerometer and an acoustic sensor. The accelerometer is used to collect the vibration acceleration signal generated by the interaction between the vibrator and the concrete medium during operation. Acoustic sensors are used to collect acoustic pressure signals generated during the same process by the escape of gas from inside the concrete or by the friction of aggregate particle displacement. The output terminals of the accelerometer and acoustic sensor are electrically connected to the input terminal of the intelligent decision-making and alarm subsystem 40 via shielded signal lines.

[0036] The intelligent decision-making and alarm subsystem 40 includes a central processing unit (CPU) and a human-machine interface alarm module connected to it. The CPU is configured to receive acceleration signals. Harmony and acoustic signals The central processing unit's built-in vibration state determination algorithm model extracts vibration energy by performing time-domain and frequency-domain analysis on the input signal. Master frequency sound pressure level Harmony and acoustic frequency Multidimensional feature vectors The central processing unit compares the real-time calculated feature vector V with the pre-stored reference feature vector sets of under-vibration, optimal, and over-vibration states in the feature database using Euclidean or Mahalanobis distance. When the matching degree exceeds a preset threshold, the corresponding vibration status result signal is output. The human-machine interaction alarm module includes a three-color status indicator light 22 mounted on the frame 1. It receives the vibration status result signal and displays red, green, or yellow to indicate three working states: under-vibration, vibration completed, or over-vibration risk, respectively.

[0037] The spatial positioning and anti-leakage vibrator system 50 includes a positioning beacon installed on the upper section of the acoustic vibrator 6, and multiple positioning base stations pre-positioned within the volute casting chamber before construction. The positioning base stations and the positioning beacon communicate via ultra-wideband pulse signals. The system calculates the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the positioning beacon by determining the signal arrival time difference or angle. The closed-loop quality monitoring system will use this coordinate. The system is registered with the vibration point grid in the pre-loaded building information model. When the intelligent decision-making and alarm subsystem 40 outputs a vibration completion signal, the system will register with the coordinate... Mark the corresponding grid points and update their visualization on the display terminal, for example, by changing the color from red to green.

[0038] The data recording and quality traceability subsystem 60 includes a memory and data management software connected to a central processing unit. For each vibration operation point, the data recording and quality traceability subsystem 60 is configured to create a data entry. This data entry is associated with and stores the following information: the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the point provided by the spatial positioning and leak-proof vibration subsystem 50. The data includes the start and end timestamps of the vibration operation, the final vibration status result determined by the intelligent decision-making and alarm subsystem 40, and the current operator's identification code. All data entries are combined to form a digital construction log.

[0039] The specific structure and working principle of the state perception subsystem 30 in the closed-loop quality monitoring system are given below.

[0040] The state-aware subsystem 30 includes a sensor module. The sensor module is integrated into a cylindrical, sealed housing made of stainless steel or ceramic material. The interior of the housing is potted with epoxy resin to secure the internal components and provide impact resistance and waterproofing. The sensor module is securely mounted in a pre-designed cavity inside the front end of the acoustic vibrator 6 to ensure that the signals it acquires directly reflect the interaction between the working end of the acoustic vibrator 6 and the concrete medium.

[0041] The sensor module integrates a triaxial accelerometer and an acoustic sensor. The accelerometer continuously measures and outputs real-time acceleration signals of the acoustic vibrator 6 in three orthogonal directions. Changes in the density of concrete cause alterations in its damping coefficient to vibration, which are directly reflected in the acceleration signal. On the amplitude and frequency components.

[0042] The closed-loop quality monitoring system can monitor the quality based on the collected acceleration signals. Calculate vibration energy The calculation formula is: ; in, For a time window Vibrational energy within For real-time acceleration signals, This is the start time of the time window. In the under-vibration state, the concrete damping is large. The value is relatively low; as vibration reaches its optimal state, the concrete tends to liquefy, and the damping decreases. The value will increase and reach a stable peak; if excessive vibration occurs, media segregation will lead to the destruction of homogeneity. The value may fluctuate irregularly or decrease.

[0043] The acoustic sensor is either a piezoelectric acoustic sensor or a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) microphone, used to collect acoustic pressure signals generated inside the concrete around the working end of the acoustic vibrator 6. This signal It incorporates specific acoustic characteristics at different vibration stages. In the initial stage of vibration, a large number of air bubbles escape, generating low-frequency, discontinuous acoustic signals. As the concrete compacts, the friction and collision between aggregate particles generate higher-frequency, more continuous acoustic signals.

[0044] The state sensing subsystem 30 transmits the acquired acceleration signal through a multi-core shielded cable. Harmony and acoustic pressure signals The data is transmitted in real time to the intelligent decision-making and alarm subsystem 40. The cable extends from the sensor module and is laid along the central channel inside the acoustic vibrator 6 to avoid interference from the external environment and the equipment's own power system.

[0045] The specific structure and working principle of the intelligent decision-making and alarm subsystem 40 in the closed-loop quality monitoring system are given below.

[0046] The intelligent decision-making and alarm subsystem 40 includes a central processing unit (CPU) and a human-machine interface alarm module electrically connected to it. The CPU is integrated onto a circuit board and encapsulated in an IP67-rated waterproof control box mounted on frame 1. The CPU receives acceleration signals from the state perception subsystem 30 via a bandpass filter and an analog-to-digital converter. Harmony and acoustic signals It is then converted into a discrete digital signal sequence.

[0047] The central processing unit is configured to execute a vibration state determination algorithm model. This algorithm model first preprocesses the input digital signal sequence, transforming it from the time domain to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform to obtain the acceleration spectrum. Harmony Acoustic Spectrum Subsequently, the algorithm model extracts a multi-dimensional feature vector V from the time-domain and frequency-domain signals. This feature vector V includes, but is not limited to, vibration energy. Acceleration frequency sound pressure level Harmony acoustic main frequency F s .

[0048] The central processing unit internally stores a pre-defined feature database. This database contains three sets of benchmark feature vectors obtained through extensive experimental calibration: under-vibration state benchmark vectors. Optimal state reference vector and over-vibration state reference vector The central processing unit calculates real-time feature vectors. Mahalanobis distance between each reference eigenvector To determine the current vibration condition. The calculation formula is: ; in, Real-time feature vector With reference eigenvectors Mahalanobis distance between them for , or one of the, Let be the covariance matrix of the eigenvectors under this baseline state. This represents the matrix transpose. When a certain... The value is less than the preset judgment threshold. When this happens, the system determines the current state to be the reference vector. The corresponding state.

[0049] The human-machine interface alarm module includes a tri-color status indicator 22 mounted on frame 1 in an easily observable location. The tri-color status indicator 22 is connected to a GPIO port of the central processing unit (CPU). When the CPU determines an under-vibration state, it drives the indicator to display red; when it determines an optimal state, it drives it to display green; and when it determines an over-vibration state, it drives it to display yellow and flash at a frequency of 1Hz. In this way, clear and unambiguous operating instructions are provided to the operator.

[0050] The specific structure and working principle of the spatial positioning and anti-leakage oscillator system 50 in the closed-loop quality monitoring system are given below.

[0051] The spatial positioning and anti-leakage vibrator system 50 includes a positioning beacon, at least three positioning base stations, and a display terminal. The positioning beacon is fixedly installed on the upper part of each acoustic vibrator 6 near its operating end. The positioning base stations are arranged in fixed positions within the volute construction chamber according to a predetermined geometry before the concrete pouring operation begins. Both the positioning beacon and the positioning base stations have built-in ultra-wideband transceivers compliant with the IEEE 802.15.4a standard.

[0052] This system employs a Two-Way Ranging (TDOA) positioning algorithm to determine the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the positioning beacon. During operation, the positioning beacon actively sends a ranging request signal, which is then received and responded to by multiple surrounding positioning base stations. By measuring the round-trip flight time of the signal between the beacon and each base station, the system can accurately calculate the distance from the beacon to each base station. .

[0053] The unknown coordinates of the set beacon are: The known coordinates of the i-th positioning base station are Then the relationship between them follows the equation of the sphere: ; in, , The number of positioning base stations is N≥3. By solving at least three such nonlinear equations simultaneously and employing algorithms such as least squares method or extended Kalman filter, the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the positioning beacon can be calculated in real time. .

[0054] The closed-loop quality monitoring system pre-loads a building information model of the area to be constructed, which defines all necessary vibration points, forming a three-dimensional virtual vibration grid. A display terminal, such as an industrial-grade tablet, receives and displays this model. The system then calculates the coordinates in real time. Alignment and registration with the spatial coordinate system of the building information model.

[0055] On the display terminal's visual interface, each grid point to be vibrated is initially displayed in red. When the intelligent decision-making and alarm subsystem 40 determines that it is located at a certain coordinate... When the vibration operation reaches its optimal state, the system sends a completion command to the display terminal. Upon receiving this command, the display terminal will update the coordinates... The closest red grid point will be updated to green. In this way, operators can visually identify completed areas, areas awaiting work, and any missed red areas, thus ensuring full coverage of the vibration operation.

[0056] The specific structure and working principle of the data recording and quality traceability subsystem 60 in the closed-loop quality monitoring system are given below.

[0057] The data recording and quality traceability subsystem 60 includes a non-volatile memory integrated within a waterproof control box, and data management software running on a central processing unit or a connected host computer. This subsystem interacts with the intelligent decision-making and alarm subsystem 40 and the spatial positioning and leakage prevention subsystem 50.

[0058] For each independent vibration operation point, when the intelligent decision-making and alarm subsystem 40 outputs a judgment result indicating that vibration is completed, the data recording and quality traceability subsystem 60 is triggered, automatically creating a structured data record entry R.

[0059] All individual data record entries R are stored sequentially and append-only in non-volatile memory, forming a digital construction log file named by construction section number or operation date. This file can be in binary or structured text format. In this way, a complete data chain encompassing time, space, personnel, equipment, and quality results is established for each vibration operation, providing objective and verifiable data support for subsequent project quality assessment, auditing, and accountability.

[0060] Working Principle: Before the operation begins, the operator first moves the entire device to the designated construction area using multiple casters 2 located at the bottom of the frame 1. Then, the generator 20 installed inside the outer casing 10 is started to provide power to all electrical components of the device, including the drive motor of the vibratory position adjustment assembly and the closed-loop quality monitoring system. The operator logs in with their operator ID through the control system and loads building information model data matching the current area to be poured into the closed-loop quality monitoring system.

[0061] During the position adjustment phase, the operator controls the vibration position adjustment component via the control panel. Specifically, by controlling the extension and retraction of electric push rod 7, electric push rod 8, and electric push rod 9 respectively, the multi-link mechanism consisting of connecting rod 11, connecting rod 22, connecting rod 313, and connecting rod 421 is driven to move. The movement of the multi-link mechanism causes the fixed block 15 and the limiting rod 4 fixed thereon to perform precise translation or angular adjustment in three-dimensional space, thereby moving the entire array of acoustic vibrators 6 suspended on the limiting rod 4 to directly above the first set of vibration points specified on the BIM model.

[0062] During the intelligent vibration operation phase, the operator starts the vibration assembly. The motor 19, mounted on the base plate 3, begins operation, driving the sonic vibrator 6 via the flexible shaft 5 to vibrate and insert it into the concrete. At this time, the closed-loop quality monitoring system built into each sonic vibrator 6 begins real-time operation: Status awareness: The sensor module inside the rod head contains an accelerometer and an acoustic sensor to collect vibration feedback signals and acoustic signals in real time.

[0063] Intelligent decision-making: The central processor receives these signals and performs real-time analysis and pattern matching through the vibration state determination algorithm model to accurately determine whether the current concrete is in an under-vibration, optimal, or over-vibration state.

[0064] Command feedback: Based on the judgment result, the tri-color status indicator 22 on frame 1 will display the corresponding color. The operator only needs to observe this indicator: red means that vibration needs to continue; green means that the point has reached the optimal density and vibration is complete; flashing yellow warns of over-vibration and requires immediate stop.

[0065] Spatial calibration and leak prevention: Simultaneously, the spatial positioning and leak prevention vibrator system tracks the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each acoustic vibrator 6 in real time. When the concrete under a certain vibrator is determined to be in the optimal state and the green light illuminates, the system immediately registers the coordinates of that vibrator with the BIM model and updates the corresponding point to be vibrated from red to green on the heat map of the display terminal.

[0066] Data recording: After each point is vibrated, the data recording and traceability subsystem automatically generates a structured data record containing information such as the spatial coordinates of the point, operator ID, vibration start and end time, and final status, and stores it in the memory.

[0067] Guided by the heat map on the display terminal, the operator manipulates the vibration position adjustment component or manually adjusts the fixing component to move the sonic vibrator 6 to the next nearest red vibration point, and repeats the above intelligent vibration operation process. The entire process continues until all areas on the heat map on the display terminal turn green, indicating that the vibration operation in that area has been completed according to standards without any omissions.

[0068] Upon completion of the work, the system automatically organizes and stores all recorded data entries, forming a complete and tamper-proof digital construction log. This log provides comprehensive data support for the quality of this concrete pouring operation and can be used for subsequent quality audits, assessments, and traceability.

Claims

1. An adjustable vibratory compaction device for pouring concrete for the spiral casing of a hydropower station unit, characterized in that: The utility model relates to a kind of sound wave vibrating rod and vibrating position adjusting assembly, including frame (1) and sound wave vibrating rod (6), the frame (1) is provided with vibrating position adjusting assembly, the sound wave vibrating rod (6) is internally provided with closed loop quality monitoring system, the frame (1) side is fixedly connected with bottom plate (3), and the bottom plate (3) is provided with vibrating assembly.

2. The adjustable hydroelectric power station unit spiral case concrete pouring and vibrating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the vibrating position adjusting assembly is fixedly connected with a fixed block (15), the inner side of the fixed block (15) is fixedly connected with a limiting rod (4), and the outer side of the limiting rod (4) is provided with a fixing assembly for firmly fixing the sound wave vibrating rod (6). The vibrating position adjusting assembly includes a connecting rod one (11), which is rotatably connected to the inner side of the frame (1). The end of the connecting rod one (11) is rotatably connected with two connecting rod twos (12). The other end of the connecting rod two (12) is fixedly connected with a connecting rod four (21). The one end of the connecting rod two (12) is rotatably connected with a connecting rod three (13). The other end of the connecting rod three (13) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed block (15). One of the fixed blocks (15) is fixedly connected with a vibration motor (16) on the outer side. The vibration motor (16) is fixedly connected to the end of the limiting rod (4). The side of the frame (1) is fixedly connected with a shell (10). The inner side of the shell (10) is fixedly connected with a generator (20). The bottom of the frame (1) is provided with a universal wheel (2).

3. The adjustable hydroelectric power station unit spiral case concrete pouring and vibrating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vibrating position adjusting assembly further includes an electric push rod one (7), which is rotatably connected to the inner side of the frame (1) at the end. The other end of the electric push rod one (7) is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod two (12). The one end of the connecting rod two (12) is rotatably connected with an electric push rod two (8). The other end of the electric push rod two (8) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the connecting rod four (21). The end of the connecting rod four (21) is rotatably connected with an electric push rod three (9) on the inner side. The other end of the electric push rod three (9) is rotatably connected to the connecting rod three (13).

4. The adjustable hydroelectric power station unit spiral case concrete pouring and vibrating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing assembly includes two connecting rings (14), which are both slidably connected to the outer side of the limiting rod (4). The side of each connecting ring (14) is fixedly connected with a clamping groove block (18). The outer side of the sound wave vibrating rod (6) is mounted with a mounting flange (17). The two ends of the mounting flange (17) are respectively clamped to the inner side of the two clamping groove blocks (18).

5. The adjustable hydroelectric power plant unit spiral case concrete pouring and vibrating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrating assembly includes a motor (19), which is fixedly connected to the inner side of the bottom plate (3). The output end of the motor (19) is fixedly connected with a flexible shaft (5). The end of the flexible shaft (5) away from the motor (19) is fixedly connected with the sound wave vibrating rod (6).

6. The adjustable hydroelectric power plant unit spiral case concrete pouring and vibrating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closed loop quality monitoring system includes: A sensor module is arranged at the front end inside the sound wave vibrating rod (6). The sensor module includes an accelerometer and an acoustic sensor. The accelerometer is used to collect the acceleration signal fed back when the sound wave vibrating rod (6) vibrates in the concrete in real time, so as to represent the damping characteristics and compactness of the concrete. The acoustic sensor is used to collect acoustic signals generated by the air discharged from the concrete and the friction movement of the aggregate during the vibrating process.

7. The adjustable hydroelectric power station unit spiral case concrete pouring and vibrating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closed-loop quality monitoring system further comprises a central processor electrically connected with the sensor module, wherein the central processor is internally provided with a vibrating state judgment algorithm model, the algorithm model can fuse the acceleration signal and the acoustic signal, and compare with a preset characteristic database of under-vibration, optimal and over-vibration states, so as to output a real-time vibrating state result.

8. The adjustable hydroelectric power station unit spiral case concrete pouring and vibrating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closed-loop quality monitoring system further comprises a man-machine interactive alarm module arranged on the frame (1) or the operating end of the acoustic vibrating rod (6), the man-machine interactive alarm module is connected with the central processor, and according to the vibrating state result output by the central processor, an intuitive feedback of under-vibration, vibrating completion or over-vibration warning is provided to the operator through a three-color state indicating lamp (22).

9. The adjustable hydroelectric power station unit spiral case concrete pouring and vibrating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closed-loop quality monitoring system further comprises a spatial positioning and anti-missing vibration unit; The spatial positioning and anti-missing vibration unit comprises a positioning beacon mounted on the acoustic vibrating rod (6) and a plurality of positioning base stations arranged in the construction area, which are used to obtain the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the acoustic vibrating rod (6) in real time. The closed-loop quality monitoring system can compare the real-time coordinates with a preset building information model vibrating grid, and visually display the vibrated, non-vibrated and missing vibration areas in the form of a heat map on a display terminal.

10. The adjustable hydroelectric power station unit spiral case concrete pouring and vibrating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closed-loop quality monitoring system further comprises a data recording and tracing module, which is connected with the central processor and the spatial positioning and anti-missing vibration unit, and is used to associate and store the spatial coordinates, vibrating start and stop time, vibrating state result and operator information of each vibrating point in the storage, so as to form an unalterable digital construction log for quality tracing.

Images