Mine supporting system

Abstract

The invention discloses a mine supporting system and belongs to the technical field of mine supporting, the mine supporting system comprises a mine tunnel supporting assembly for a mine tunnel and an excavation supporting piece, the mine tunnel supporting assembly is composed of a plurality of mine tunnel supporting pieces which are combined with one another, and each mine tunnel supporting piece comprises a mine tunnel bearing plate; the adjacent mine tunnel bearing plates are detachably connected through knob locking pieces, anchoring pieces inserted into the mine tunnel wall are arranged on the side walls of the mine tunnel bearing plates, and the anchoring pieces are tightly connected with the mine tunnel wall through oblique traction pieces. According to the system, a traditional hydraulic support lagging supporting mode is broken through, instant and dynamic supporting of a newly-exposed roof is achieved through synchronous advancing of the movable excavation supporting piece and the front roller of the coal mining machine, the supporting window period is fundamentally eliminated, the problem of instant supporting of the fully-mechanized coal mining face end face roof is effectively solved, and the working efficiency is improved. The method has remarkable beneficial effects in the aspects of improving the safety of coal mining, guaranteeing the production continuity and protecting key equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine support technology, and more particularly to a mine support system. Background Technology

[0002] Coal cutting by the coal mining machine is the core production link in a modern fully mechanized mining face. Its typical operation mode is as follows: the coal mining machine travels back and forth at a constant speed along the entire length of the working face, the front drum cuts the top coal, the rear drum cuts the bottom coal, and the centrifugal force of the rotating drums throws the cut coal into the scraper conveyor to achieve continuous coal mining and loading.

[0003] However, existing support technology faces a significant technical bottleneck: after the current drum cuts through the top coal, the exposed fresh roof cannot be immediately supported. Hydraulic supports can only begin support operations after the rear drum has passed and the mining machine has fully moved forward. This resulting "support gap" makes the newly exposed roof highly susceptible to localized collapses due to multiple factors, including coal seam stress release and mining machine vibration. The collapsed coal and rock can fall directly into the mine tunnel or accumulate on the mining machine, threatening equipment and personnel safety, hindering the timely movement of hydraulic supports, severely impacting the mining machine's heat dissipation efficiency, increasing its operating load, and ultimately restricting the safe and efficient production of the entire working face.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of mine support system that can provide real-time support and adapt to the dynamic operation of coal mining machines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem in the prior art where falling coal and rock directly fall into the mine tunnel or accumulate on the coal mining machine, which not only threatens the safety of equipment and personnel and hinders the timely movement of hydraulic supports, but also seriously affects the heat dissipation efficiency of the coal mining machine, increases its operating load, and thus restricts the safety and efficient production of the entire working face. Therefore, a mine support system is proposed.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A mine support system includes a mine tunnel support assembly and excavation support components for a mine tunnel. The mine tunnel support assembly is composed of multiple interconnected mine tunnel support components. Each mine tunnel support component includes a mine tunnel bearing plate. Adjacent mine tunnel bearing plates are detachably connected by a knob locking component. The sidewall of the mine tunnel bearing plate is provided with anchors that are inserted into the mine tunnel wall. The anchors are tightly connected to the mine tunnel wall by an inclined traction component. The excavation support component includes a drive guide plate, which is connected to the mine roadway bearing plate via a track switching component and is used to move on the mine roadway support assembly. The drive guide plate is connected to an anti-collapse protection plate via a torsional resistance hinge, and the anti-collapse protection plate is connected to the mine roadway wall via a tensile bearing component.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the knob locking component includes an inner cavity formed within the mine tunnel bearing plate. A torsion gear is connected to the inner cavity via a torsion shaft. Locking slots are provided at both ends of the inner cavity. Interlocking locking plates are respectively meshed on both sides of the torsion gear, and the interlocking locking plates are located within the locking slots.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the anchor includes two sets of insert columns disposed in the side wall of the mine tunnel bearing plate. The insert columns are arranged in pairs, and the two insert columns in a pair are connected to a force-bearing inclined brace.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the inclined traction component includes a lower support base plate disposed in the mine tunnel, a torsion screw is provided in the lower support base plate, the top of the torsion screw is provided with an internal hexagonal screw head to facilitate tool rotation, an inner support nut is threaded to the outer wall of the torsion screw, an inclined support rod is rotatably connected to the side wall of the inner support nut, and a lower support opening adapted to the inclined support rod is provided at the bottom of the force-bearing inclined support seat.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the track switching component includes a T-shaped track opening at the bottom of the drive guide plate, a T-shaped rail plate adapted to the T-shaped track opening on the drive guide plate, a stepping gear controlled by a drive motor on the T-shaped rail plate, and a track tooth groove meshing with the stepping gear on the inner sidewall of the T-shaped track opening.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the tension bearing member includes a damping spring seat slidably disposed on the insertion post. The damping spring seat is connected to the side wall of the mine tunnel bearing plate through a damping contact spring. The mine tunnel bearing plate has a through opening inside. The damping spring seat is connected to a locking assembly block through a traction rope passing through the through opening.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, a tension groove is provided on the upper part of the anti-collapse protection plate, and a combination card seat is connected to one end of the tension groove through a traction rod. The locking combination block is engaged with the combination card seat to achieve mutual docking. The side wall of the mine tunnel bearing plate is provided with a side sliding opening for positioning and sliding of the combination card seat.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the torsional resistance hinge has a built-in torsion spring to bear the overturning force of the anti-collapse protection plate rotating downwards.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The mine support system proposed in this invention breaks through the traditional hydraulic support mode of delayed support. By using movable "excavation support components" to advance synchronously with the front drum of the coal mining machine, it realizes immediate and dynamic support for newly exposed roof, fundamentally eliminating the support gap period and effectively preventing the immediate collapse of roof coal after cutting.

[0016] 2. This invention designs an anti-collapse protection plate that, when the roof pressure is low, remains stable under the combined support of the torsional resistance hinge and the tensile bearing component, directly bearing the collapsed coal and rock to prevent it from scattering. When the roof pressure exceeds the design bearing capacity, the system allows the anti-collapse protection plate to tilt moderately around the hinge axis in a controllable manner. This design cleverly guides most of the collapsed coal and rock to the side of the coal face, rather than to the coal mining machine or pedestrian / equipment passage below, achieving "guided pressure relief," which not only prevents equipment from being buried or damaged but also ensures unobstructed passage. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a mine support system proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mine tunnel support component in a mine support system proposed in this invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the combined state structure of mine tunnel support components in a mine support system proposed in this invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an excavation support component in a mine support system proposed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the mine tunnel bearing plate in a mine support system proposed in this invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Mine roadway bearing plate; 2. Drive guide plate; 3. Anti-collapse protection plate; 4. Torsion gear; 5. Locking socket; 6. Interlocking locking plate; 7. Insertion column; 8. Force-bearing diagonal brace seat; 9. Lower support base plate; 10. Torsion screw; 11. Inner support nut; 12. Diagonal brace; 13. T-shaped rail plate; 14. Stepping gear; 15. Damping spring seat; 16. Traction rope; 17. Locking block; 18. Traction rod; 19. Combination card seat; 20. Side sliding mouth; 21. Torsional resistance hinge. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] Example, refer to Figures 1 to 6 A mine support system includes a mine tunnel support component and an excavation support component. The mine tunnel support component is composed of multiple interconnected mine tunnel support components. The mine tunnel support component is installed on a hydraulic support system on the mine tunnel and moves laterally with the excavation progress along with the hydraulic support system on the mine tunnel, providing support force and a moving track for the excavation support component. The support structure of the hydraulic support system itself is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0023] The mine tunnel support component includes a mine tunnel bearing plate 1. Adjacent mine tunnel bearing plates 1 are detachably connected by a knob locking component. Further, the knob locking component includes an inner cavity opened in the mine tunnel bearing plate 1. A torsion gear 4 is connected to the inner cavity through a torsion shaft. Locking slots 5 are opened at both ends of the inner cavity. Interlocking locking plates 6 are respectively meshed on both sides of the torsion gear 4. The interlocking locking plates 6 are located in the locking slots 5.

[0024] When two adjacent mine tunnel bearing plates 1 need to be combined, the interlocking locking plates 6, which were originally stored in the locking sockets 5, can be extended outward by the torsion gear 4, so as to be inserted into the locking sockets 5 in the two adjacent mine tunnel bearing plates 1, thereby achieving the interlocking effect of force.

[0025] The side wall of the mine tunnel bearing plate 1 is provided with anchors inserted into the interior of the mine tunnel wall. Further, the anchors include two sets of insert columns 7 set in the side wall of the mine tunnel bearing plate 1. The insert columns 7 are in pairs, and the two insert columns 7 in one set are connected to the load-bearing diagonal brace 8.

[0026] The anchor is tightly connected to the mine tunnel wall through the inclined traction component. Furthermore, the inclined traction component includes a lower support plate 9 installed in the mine tunnel. The lower support plate 9 is installed on the hydraulic support system on the track to ensure the support effect.

[0027] A torsion screw 10 is provided inside the lower support base plate 9. The top of the torsion screw 10 is provided with an internal hexagonal screw head to facilitate tool rotation. The internal hexagonal screw head allows the inner support nut 11 to be moved by rotating the tool. The inner support nut 11 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the torsion screw 10. The side wall of the inner support nut 11 is rotatably connected to the diagonal brace 12. The bottom of the force-bearing diagonal brace seat 8 is provided with a lower support opening that matches the diagonal brace 12.

[0028] The further effect of the above-mentioned method is that when the torsion screw 10 rotates, it will drive the inner support nut 11 to move upward. When the inner support nut 11 moves upward, the diagonal brace 12 will generate an upward supporting force on the force-bearing diagonal brace seat 8, thereby ensuring the effect of force transfer.

[0029] The excavation support component includes a drive guide plate 2, which is connected to the mine roadway bearing plate 1 via a track switching component and is used to move on the mine roadway support component. Further, the track switching component includes a T-shaped track opening at the bottom of the drive guide plate 2, and a T-shaped rail plate 13 adapted to the T-shaped track opening is provided on the drive guide plate 2. A stepping gear 14 controlled by a drive motor is provided on the T-shaped rail plate 13, and a track tooth groove meshing with the stepping gear 14 is provided on the inner side wall of the T-shaped track opening. The stepper gear 14 is driven by a drive motor to rotate, thereby moving the drive guide plate 2 within the T-shaped track opening. This moves the anti-collapse protection plate 3 on the coal mine working face, allowing it to follow the movement of the front roller and thus transfer the excavation support components to a different position.

[0030] The drive guide plate 2 is connected to the anti-collapse protection plate 3 via a torsional resistance hinge 21. The torsional resistance hinge 21 has a built-in torsion spring, which is used to bear the overturning force of the anti-collapse protection plate 3 rotating downward. The resistance generated by the torsion spring and the tension bearing member work together to effectively support the anti-collapse protection plate 3.

[0031] The anti-collapse protection plate 3 is connected to the mine wall through a tension bearing member. When it is away from the wall, the tension bearing member is combined with the hydraulic support. The tension bearing member includes a damping spring seat 15 that is slidably set on the insertion column 7. The damping spring seat 15 is connected to the side wall of the mine support plate 1 through a damping contact spring. The mine support plate 1 has a through opening. The damping spring seat 15 is connected to a locking assembly block 17 through a traction rope 16 passing through the through opening.

[0032] Furthermore, a tension groove is provided on the top of the anti-collapse protection plate 3. One end of the tension groove is connected to a combination card seat 19 through a traction rod 18. The tension groove and the traction rod 18 are rotatably connected. The locking combination block 17 is engaged with the combination card seat 19, which can achieve mutual docking. The side wall of the mine tunnel bearing plate 1 is provided with a side sliding opening 20 for positioning and sliding of the combination card seat 19. The side sliding opening 20 allows the combination card seat 19 to slide horizontally.

[0033] It should be noted that the combined card holder 19 slides within the side sliding opening 20 to adjust its position. When adjusted to the predetermined position, the combined card holder 19 will engage with the locking block 17 under force, thereby ensuring that the tensile bearing component can apply the overturning force generated by the anti-collapse protection plate 3 to the mine wall. When this invention is used, the mine tunnel bearing plate 1 is installed on the hydraulic support system on the mine tunnel and moves laterally along with the excavation progress, following the hydraulic support system on the mine tunnel, providing support force and a moving track for the excavation support components; When the coal excavator is performing lateral excavation, the excavation support component changes position synchronously with the movement of the front drum of the coal excavator, and moves with the front drum at all times. During the transfer, the stepper gear 14 is driven by the drive motor to rotate, thereby driving the drive guide plate 2 to move within the T-shaped track opening, thus moving the anti-collapse protection plate 3 on the coal mine working face, so as to follow the movement of the front drum and effectively protect the coal mine working face. When the anti-collapse protection plate 3 supports the coal mine face, when the coal mine face collapses, its gravity will be concentrated on the anti-collapse protection plate 3. When the collapsed surface is too small, the pressure it generates is insufficient to make the anti-collapse protection plate 3, which is supported by the torsional resistance hinge 21 and the tension bearing member, rotate. Therefore, it can protect the collapsed coal mine face. When the rear roller of the coal excavator moves to the front, the anti-collapse protection plate 3 is then controlled to move, and the collapsed coal will enter the scraper conveyor. When a coal mine face collapses, and the collapse area is large, the concentrated force generated will act on the anti-collapse protection plate 3. At this time, the pressure generated by the anti-collapse protection plate 3 will act on the traction rod 18, and through the traction rope 16, it will act on the damping spring seat 15, which can bear more pressure. When the coal mine face generates a large pressure, the traction force is insufficient to support the coal mine, and it will gradually rotate at the torsional resistance hinge 21. As the anti-collapse protection plate 3 gradually tilts, it will cause the coal above to tilt from the tilted point towards the interior of the mine face, instead of collapsing onto the coal excavator or falling into the mine tunnel. After a portion is tilted, when the bearing capacity is sufficient, it will automatically re-support, thus ensuring that the collapsed part of the coal mine can enter the scraper conveyor. The other part of the tilted coal will not act on the coal excavator or the mine tunnel, and will fall onto the coal face. At this time, when the rear roller moves, it will automatically collect the coal, thus ensuring the normal operation of the working face and working equipment.

[0034] The mine support component designed in this invention relies on the existing hydraulic support system for installation and movement, without the need for large-scale modification of existing fully mechanized mining equipment. It has good compatibility, and the excavation support components can be flexibly moved through the track switching components and can be moved as a whole with the advancement of the working face, adapting to the continuous operation characteristics of longwall mining.

[0035] This avoids downtime and cleanup work caused by coal and rock collapse burying the coal mining machine, reducing production interruption time; it also prevents coal and rock accumulation from affecting the heat dissipation of the coal mining machine and increasing its load, which helps the equipment to operate efficiently and stably and extends its service life.

[0036] The collapsed coal and rock are contained within the range that the scraper conveyor can collect, and can be transported normally when the rear roller passes by, reducing coal loss and effectively solving the problem of immediate support of the roof at the end of the fully mechanized mining face. It has significant beneficial effects in improving the safety of coal mining, ensuring production continuity and protecting key equipment.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mine support system, comprising mine tunnel support components and excavation support components for mine tunnels, characterized in that, The mine tunnel support assembly consists of multiple mine tunnel support components combined with each other. The mine tunnel support component includes a mine tunnel bearing plate (1). Adjacent mine tunnel bearing plates (1) are detachably connected by a knob locking component. The side wall of the mine tunnel bearing plate (1) is provided with anchors that are inserted into the mine tunnel wall. The anchors are tightly connected to the mine tunnel wall by an oblique traction component. The excavation support component includes a drive guide plate (2), which is connected to the mine road bearing plate (1) via a track switching component and is used to move on the mine road support component. The drive guide plate (2) is connected to an anti-collapse protection plate (3) via a torsional resistance hinge (21), and the anti-collapse protection plate (3) is connected to the mine road wall via a tension bearing component.

2. The mine support system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The knob locking component includes an inner cavity opened in the mine tunnel bearing plate (1). The inner cavity is connected to a torsion gear (4) through a torsion shaft. Locking slots (5) are opened at both ends of the inner cavity. Interlocking locking plates (6) are respectively meshed on both sides of the torsion gear (4). The interlocking locking plates (6) are located in the locking slots (5).

3. A mine support system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor includes two sets of insert columns (7) set in the side wall of the mine road bearing plate (1). The insert columns (7) are in pairs, and the two insert columns (7) in a pair are connected to a force-bearing inclined support (8).

4. A mine support system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inclined traction component includes a lower support base plate (9) installed in the mine tunnel. A torsion screw (10) is provided in the lower support base plate (9). The top of the torsion screw (10) is provided with an internal hexagonal twist hole to facilitate tool rotation. An inner support nut (11) is threaded to the outer wall of the torsion screw (10). An inclined support rod (12) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the inner support nut (11). The bottom of the force-bearing inclined support seat (8) is provided with a lower support opening that matches the inclined support rod (12).

5. A mine support system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The track switching component includes a T-shaped track opening at the bottom of the drive guide plate (2). The drive guide plate (2) is provided with a T-shaped rail plate (13) that is adapted to the T-shaped track opening. The T-shaped rail plate (13) is provided with a stepping gear (14) controlled by a drive motor. The inner sidewall of the T-shaped track opening is provided with a track tooth groove that meshes with the stepping gear (14).

6. A mine support system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tension bearing component includes a damping spring seat (15) slidably mounted on the insert post (7). The damping spring seat (15) is connected to the side wall of the mine road bearing plate (1) through a damping contact spring. The mine road bearing plate (1) has a through opening inside. The damping spring seat (15) is connected to a locking assembly block (17) through a traction rope (16) passing through the through opening.

7. A mine support system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-collapse protection plate (3) has a tension groove on its upper part. One end of the tension groove is connected to a combination card seat (19) through a traction rod (18). The blocking combination block (17) is engaged with the combination card seat (19) and can be connected to each other. The side wall of the mine road bearing plate (1) has a side sliding opening (20) for the combination card seat (19) to be positioned and slid.

8. A mine support system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The torsional resistance hinge (21) has a built-in torsion spring to bear the overturning force of the anti-collapse protection plate (3) rotating downward.

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