Method and device for determining full-life-cycle carbon emission of skid-mounted transformer substation

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for determining full life cycle carbon emission of a skid-mounted transformer substation, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the carbon emission of the skid-mounted transformer substation according to the obtained full life cycle information of the skid-mounted transformer substation; and determining the carbon emission in the raw material acquisition stage, the carbon emission in the manufacturing stage, the carbon emission in the construction stage, the carbon emission in the operation stage, the carbon emission in the digital operation stage and the carbon emission in the dismantling stage of the skid-mounted transformer substation, and comprehensively obtaining the full-life-cycle carbon emission of the skid-mounted transformer substation. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a boundary of a skid-mounted mobile substation carbon emission evaluation system, constructing a full-life-cycle carbon emission analysis model and a calculation process by combining production and manufacturing and construction operation characteristics of the skid-mounted mobile substation carbon emission evaluation system, and collecting, calculating and analyzing data of carbon emission at each stage of the full life cycle of a product by taking an actual project as a research object; and a scientific basis is provided for accurately mastering the carbon emission condition of the whole life cycle of the skid-mounted mobile substation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of carbon emission detection technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle. This application also relates to a computing device and a computer-readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Skid-mounted mobile substations are power equipment that can be quickly deployed and put into operation, are easy to assemble and disassemble, have large capacity, are mobile (towable), highly reliable, highly efficient, low-investment, and easy to operate. They can provide high-quality and highly reliable power supply services in scenarios requiring urgent power supply, such as emergency power grid disaster relief, substation equipment upgrades and overhauls, load transfers, large-scale engineering construction, and frequent power load migrations in modern urban power grids. They represent a low-cost, high-efficiency, and intelligent power supply solution in confined spaces, with significant potential for widespread adoption and application.

[0003] Currently, there is relatively little research on the green, low-carbon, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly aspects of skid-mounted mobile substations, and there is a lack of theoretical guidance on carbon emissions. Therefore, in order to deeply implement the concept of green and low-carbon development, strengthening research on the carbon emissions throughout the entire life cycle of this type of power equipment is of great significance for realizing the transformation and upgrading of substation engineering construction from the traditional model to a green and low-carbon construction method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a method and apparatus for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle, to address the technical deficiencies in the prior art. Embodiments of this application also provide a computing device and a computer-readable storage medium.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a method for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle is provided, including: S1, obtain the full life cycle information of the skid-mounted substation; S2, based on the full life cycle information, determine the raw material carbon emissions and raw material transportation carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation, and based on the raw material carbon emissions and raw material transportation carbon emissions, determine the carbon emissions during the raw material acquisition stage. S3. Collect the construction space of the skid-mounted substation, combine the pre-trained substation structure algorithm and thermal field analysis algorithm to determine the substation structure of the skid-mounted substation, and determine the carbon emissions of the manufacturing stage of the skid-mounted substation based on the full life cycle information and the substation structure. S4. Based on the full life cycle information, determine the carbon emissions during transportation and the carbon emissions during deployment of the skid-mounted substation, and based on the carbon emissions during transportation and the carbon emissions during deployment, determine the carbon emissions during the construction phase. S5. Based on the full life cycle information, determine the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation during its operation phase. S6. Based on the full life cycle information, determine the carbon emissions of the construction of the twin digital system of the skid-mounted substation and the carbon emissions of the operation of the twin digital system, and determine the carbon emissions of the digital operation stage based on the carbon emissions of the construction of the twin digital system and the carbon emissions of the operation of the twin digital system. S7. Based on the full life cycle information, determine the carbon emissions from waste transportation, carbon emissions from raw material recycling, and carbon reduction from raw material recycling of the skid-mounted substation, and determine the carbon emissions during the dismantling phase based on the carbon emissions from waste transportation, carbon emissions from raw material recycling, and carbon reduction from raw material recycling. S8. By combining the carbon emissions from the raw material acquisition stage, the manufacturing stage, the construction stage, the operation stage, the digital operation stage, and the dismantling stage, the total life-cycle carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation are obtained.

[0006] Optionally, S2 includes: Based on the full life cycle information, all types of raw materials for the skid-mounted substation are determined; Determine the raw material consumption and carbon emission factor for each of the aforementioned raw material types; The carbon emissions of the raw materials are determined based on the total consumption of the raw materials and the carbon emission factor of the raw materials. Based on the full life cycle information, the raw material transportation distance of the skid-mounted substation and the carbon emission factor of the first transportation vehicle are determined. The carbon emissions from raw material transportation are determined based on the raw material consumption, the raw material transportation distance, and the carbon emission factor of the first transportation vehicle. The carbon emissions from the raw material acquisition stage are obtained by summing the carbon emissions from the raw material transportation stage.

[0007] Optionally, S3 includes: Based on a pre-set lidar device, the construction space of the skid-mounted substation is collected; Candidate substation structures are determined according to the substation structure algorithm, wherein the candidate substation structures meet the construction requirements of the construction space; The thermal field model of all the candidate substation structures is determined according to the thermal field analysis algorithm, and one of the candidate substation structures is selected as the substation structure according to the thermal field model. Based on the substation structure, determine all construction equipment and the corresponding construction time for each piece of equipment; Based on all construction equipment and the corresponding construction time for each piece of equipment, combined with the full life cycle information, the carbon emissions during the manufacturing stage of the skid-mounted substation are determined.

[0008] Optionally, determining the carbon emissions during the manufacturing phase of the skid-mounted substation based on all construction equipment and the corresponding construction time for each piece of equipment, combined with the full lifecycle information, includes: Based on all construction equipment and the aforementioned full life cycle information, determine the energy carbon emission factors for all manufacturing stages; Based on the construction time corresponding to each construction equipment and the full life cycle information, the energy consumption of the skid-mounted substation in all manufacturing stages and the energy carbon emission factor of the entire manufacturing stage are determined. The carbon emissions of the manufacturing stage are calculated based on the total energy consumption of the manufacturing stage and the carbon emission factor of the manufacturing stage.

[0009] Optionally, S4 includes: Based on the full life cycle information, the substation transportation volume, substation transportation distance, and carbon emission factor of the second transportation vehicle of the skid-mounted substation are determined. The transportation carbon emissions are determined based on the substation transportation volume, the substation transportation distance, and the carbon emission factor of the second transportation vehicle. Based on the full life cycle information, determine the energy consumption and carbon emission factors of the skid-mounted substation during all construction phases. The carbon emission amount of the deployment is determined based on the total energy consumption and carbon emission factor of the construction phase. The carbon emissions during the construction phase are obtained by summing the carbon emissions from transportation and the carbon emissions from deployment.

[0010] Optionally, S5 includes: Based on the full life cycle information, the annual power consumption of the electrical equipment, the carbon emission factor of the electrical equipment, and the preset lifespan of the skid-mounted substation are determined. The carbon emissions during the operation phase are determined based on the annual power consumption of the electrical equipment, the carbon emission factor of the electrical equipment, and the preset lifespan.

[0011] Optionally, the annual power consumption of the electrical equipment includes transformer power loss, high-voltage switchgear power loss, air conditioning power consumption, and lighting, ventilation, and security equipment power consumption.

[0012] Optionally, S7 includes: Based on the full life cycle information, the waste transportation volume, waste transportation distance, and carbon emission factor of the third transportation vehicle for the skid-mounted substation are determined. The carbon emissions from waste transportation are determined based on the waste transportation volume, the waste transportation distance, and the carbon emission factor of the third transportation vehicle. Based on the full life cycle information, the raw material recovery amount, processing and recovery power consumption, and electrical equipment power consumption carbon emission factor of the skid-mounted substation are determined. The carbon emissions from the raw material recovery are determined based on the raw material recovery amount, the power consumption of the processing and recovery, and the carbon emission factor of the electrical equipment. The carbon emissions from waste transportation, raw material recycling, and carbon reduction from raw material recycling are summed to obtain the carbon emissions from the demolition phase.

[0013] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of this application, a skid-mounted substation life-cycle carbon emission determination device is provided, comprising: The acquisition module is configured to acquire full lifecycle information of skid-mounted substations; The first determining module is configured to determine the carbon emissions of raw materials and the carbon emissions of raw material transportation of the skid-mounted substation based on the full life cycle information, and to determine the carbon emissions of the raw material acquisition stage based on the carbon emissions of raw materials and the carbon emissions of raw material transportation. The second determining module is configured to collect the construction space of the skid-mounted substation, combine the pre-trained substation structure algorithm and thermal field analysis algorithm to determine the substation structure of the skid-mounted substation, and determine the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation during the manufacturing stage based on the full life cycle information and the substation structure. The third determining module is configured to determine the transportation carbon emissions and deployment carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation based on the full life cycle information, and to determine the construction phase carbon emissions based on the transportation carbon emissions and deployment carbon emissions. The fourth determining module is configured to determine the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation during its operation phase based on the full lifecycle information. The fifth determining module is configured to determine the carbon emissions of the construction of the twin digital system of the skid-mounted substation and the carbon emissions of the operation of the twin digital system based on the full life cycle information, and to determine the carbon emissions of the digital operation stage based on the carbon emissions of the construction of the twin digital system and the carbon emissions of the operation of the twin digital system. The sixth determining module is configured to determine the carbon emissions from waste transportation, raw material recycling, and carbon reduction from raw material recycling of the skid-mounted substation based on the full life cycle information, and to determine the carbon emissions during the dismantling phase based on the carbon emissions from waste transportation, the carbon emissions from raw material recycling, and the carbon reduction from raw material recycling. The integrated module is configured to combine the carbon emissions from the raw material acquisition stage, the manufacturing stage, the construction stage, the operation stage, and the dismantling stage to obtain the total life-cycle carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation.

[0014] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computing device is provided, comprising: Memory and processor; The memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor executes the computer-executable instructions to implement the steps of the method for determining the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle.

[0015] According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle.

[0016] According to a fifth aspect of the present application, a chip is provided that stores a computer program, which, when executed by the chip, implements the steps of the method for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle.

[0017] The method for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire lifecycle provided in this application includes the following steps: S1, obtaining the entire lifecycle information of the skid-mounted substation; S2, determining the carbon emissions of raw materials and raw material transportation for the skid-mounted substation based on the lifecycle information, and determining the carbon emissions during the raw material acquisition stage based on the raw material carbon emissions and raw material transportation carbon emissions; S3, collecting the construction space of the skid-mounted substation, combining a pre-trained substation structure algorithm and a thermal field analysis algorithm to determine the substation structure of the skid-mounted substation, and determining the carbon emissions during the manufacturing stage of the skid-mounted substation based on the lifecycle information and the substation structure; S4, determining the carbon emissions during transportation and deployment of the skid-mounted substation based on the lifecycle information, and determining the carbon emissions during the construction stage based on the transportation carbon emissions and the deployment carbon emissions; S5, determining the carbon emissions during the construction stage based on the lifecycle information. S6. Based on the full lifecycle information, determine the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation during the operation phase; S7. Based on the full lifecycle information, determine the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation during the construction of the twin digital system and the carbon emissions of the twin digital system during operation, and determine the carbon emissions of the digital operation phase based on the carbon emissions of the twin digital system construction and the carbon emissions of the twin digital system during operation; S8. Based on the full lifecycle information, determine the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation during waste transportation, raw material recycling, and carbon reduction of raw material recycling, and determine the carbon emissions of the dismantling phase based on the carbon emissions of waste transportation, raw material recycling, and carbon reduction of raw material recycling; S9. Combine the carbon emissions of the raw material acquisition phase, the manufacturing phase, the construction phase, the operation phase, the digital operation phase, and the dismantling phase to obtain the full lifecycle carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation. A boundary for the carbon emission assessment system of skid-mounted mobile substations was established. Based on the characteristics of its production, manufacturing, construction and operation, a full life cycle carbon emission analysis model and calculation process were constructed. Taking actual project engineering as the research object, carbon emission data at each stage of the product's full life cycle were collected, calculated and analyzed, providing a scientific basis for accurately grasping the carbon emission situation of skid-mounted mobile substations throughout their entire life cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle, provided in one embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a product life cycle assessment diagram illustrating a method for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle, provided in one embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the life-cycle data collection for a method for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a skid-mounted substation life-cycle carbon emission determination device provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of a computing device provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of this application; therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] This application provides a method and apparatus for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle. This application also relates to a computing device and a computer-readable storage medium, which will be described in detail in the following embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 The flowchart illustrates a method for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle according to an embodiment of this application, specifically including the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the full lifecycle information of the skid-mounted substation; Step S2: Based on the full life cycle information, determine the carbon emissions of raw materials and the carbon emissions of raw material transportation for the skid-mounted substation, and determine the carbon emissions of the raw material acquisition stage based on the carbon emissions of raw materials and the carbon emissions of raw material transportation. Step S3: Collect the construction space of the skid-mounted substation, combine the pre-trained substation structure algorithm and thermal field analysis algorithm to determine the substation structure of the skid-mounted substation, and determine the carbon emissions of the manufacturing stage of the skid-mounted substation based on the full life cycle information and the substation structure. Step S4: Based on the full life cycle information, determine the transportation carbon emissions and deployment carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation, and based on the transportation carbon emissions and deployment carbon emissions, determine the carbon emissions during the construction phase. Step S5: Determine the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation during its operation phase based on the full life cycle information. Step S6: Based on the full life cycle information, determine the carbon emissions of the construction of the twin digital system of the skid-mounted substation and the carbon emissions of the operation of the twin digital system, and determine the carbon emissions of the digital operation stage based on the carbon emissions of the construction of the twin digital system and the carbon emissions of the operation of the twin digital system. Step S7: Based on the full life cycle information, determine the carbon emissions from waste transportation, carbon emissions from raw material recycling, and carbon reduction from raw material recycling for the skid-mounted substation; and based on the carbon emissions from waste transportation, carbon emissions from raw material recycling, and carbon reduction from raw material recycling, determine the carbon emissions during the dismantling phase. Step S8: Combine the carbon emissions from the raw material acquisition stage, the manufacturing stage, the construction stage, the operation stage, the digital operation stage, and the dismantling stage to obtain the total life-cycle carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation.

[0023] Among them, such as Figure 2 The product lifecycle assessment diagram, which provides a method for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire lifecycle, is shown. As the boundary for the system's carbon emission accounting, it is divided into five stages: raw material acquisition, product manufacturing, construction, operation and use, dismantling and scrapping, and recycling. The dismantling and scrapping stage is merged with the recycling stage, resulting in a total of five stages. Based on this, to ensure performance testing and monitoring, fault diagnosis, risk warning, and emergency response technologies during the development, service, and maintenance of prefabricated substations, a skid-mounted mobile intelligent substation digital twin system and a real-time intelligent operation and maintenance platform have been developed. This enables accurate prediction of service life and reliable monitoring of performance during transportation and operation, improving the overall digital and intelligent management level of the equipment. Since the construction of this digital twin system itself involves carbon emissions, a digital operation stage has been added to the original five stages.

[0024] In addition, carbon emissions during the raw material acquisition stage include the entire production process of metallic materials such as copper and steel, and non-metallic materials such as ceramics and epoxy resins, as well as the carbon emissions generated by the transportation of these raw materials to the production site. Carbon emissions during the manufacturing stage mainly include the electrical energy consumed during the processing and assembly of parts and materials, electrical performance testing, and warehousing. Carbon emissions during the on-site construction stage include the electricity, gasoline, and diesel fuel consumed during the transportation of finished products to the substation construction site and on-site hoisting and assembly operations. Carbon emissions during the operation and use stage include the electrical energy consumed by transformers, switchgear, air conditioning, ventilation, lighting, and security systems. Carbon emissions during the dismantling, scrapping, and recycling stage include the carbon emissions generated by the transportation of abandoned prefabricated cabins to the processing site, the carbon emissions from the electricity consumed by equipment operation during the shearing and processing of scrap steel and copper, and the carbon emissions reduced by the recyclable and reusable raw materials.

[0025] Based on this, product lifecycle carbon emission accounting requires the collection of two types of data: data on all activities and materials at each stage of the product's lifecycle; and the carbon emission factor per unit of material or energy. These data are divided into primary data and secondary data. Primary data refers to raw data obtained directly from manufacturers and suppliers, typically obtained through actual measurements, surveys, or records. Because primary data directly reflects the actual situation, it is preferred for calculations to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the results. Secondary data refers to data obtained from existing research, reports, databases, or other indirect sources. Secondary data is only considered if primary data is difficult to obtain or incomplete. The collection of lifecycle carbon emission data for skid-mounted mobile substations, such as... Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the lifecycle data collection process for a method to determine the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire lifecycle. In this diagram, the rectangular boxes represent primary data, and the parallelogram boxes represent secondary data. The parallelogram boxes representing secondary data are distinguished by dark and light colors. The dark parallelogram boxes involve raw material production and energy extraction, while the light parallelogram boxes involve casting, processing, and surface treatment. These are secondary data from different sources, and the corresponding data acquisition methods are also different.

[0026] From a full life-cycle perspective, the carbon emissions of skid-mounted mobile substations include factors such as material and energy consumption throughout the entire life-cycle process, from the production of the prefabricated substation to its dismantling, scrapping, and recycling at the end of its life cycle. The quantitative model for the product's carbon emissions can be expressed as follows: , in, Carbon footprint is the total carbon emissions over the entire life cycle, expressed in tCO2e. This represents carbon emissions during the raw material acquisition stage, expressed in tCO2e. Carbon emissions generated from energy consumed during the production and manufacturing phase, expressed in tCO2e; Carbon emissions generated by energy consumed during the on-site construction phase, expressed in tCO2e; The carbon emissions generated by the electrical energy consumed by the electrical equipment during the operating cycle of a skid-mounted substation are expressed in tCO2e. Carbon emissions generated from energy consumed during the dismantling, scrapping, and recycling phase at the end of a product's life cycle, expressed in tCO2e; The carbon emissions generated by the energy consumed during the digital operation phase at the end of the product life cycle are expressed in tCO2e.

[0027] Furthermore, the execution process of step S2 is specifically implemented as follows in this embodiment: Based on the full lifecycle information, all types of raw materials for the skid-mounted substation are determined; the consumption amount and carbon emission factor of each type of raw material are determined; the carbon emission amount of the raw materials is determined based on the total consumption amount and the carbon emission factor; the raw material transportation distance and the carbon emission factor of the first transportation vehicle for the skid-mounted substation are determined based on the full lifecycle information; the carbon emission amount of the raw material transportation is determined based on the raw material consumption amount, the raw material transportation distance, and the carbon emission factor of the first transportation vehicle; the carbon emission amount of the raw materials and the carbon emission amount of the raw material transportation are summed to obtain the carbon emission amount of the raw material acquisition stage.

[0028] Emission factor data refers to the amount of greenhouse gases emitted per unit of activity level data, mainly including emission factors from purchased energy, emission factors from production processes such as raw materials, and emission factors from transportation vehicles. Activity level data refers to all quantitative data throughout a product's life cycle, mainly including product output, raw material consumption, and purchased energy. Using emission factor data, activity level data can be converted into greenhouse gas emissions. Energy emission factor data is shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 Energy Emission Factor Data List

[0029] For carbon emissions in the raw material acquisition stage, this stage includes two types of data: first, the types and quantities of raw materials such as copper, steel, aluminum alloys, ceramics, epoxy resin, and rock wool boards, as well as the carbon emissions generated from producing these raw materials; second, the carbon emissions generated from transporting these raw materials to the company. Specifically, the carbon emissions E in the raw material acquisition stage... m As shown in the formula below: , in, α For raw material types, O j Let m be the carbon emission factor of the j-th raw material. j Let A be the raw material consumption of the j-th raw material. j Let D be the transportation distance of the j-th raw material, and let D be the carbon emission factor of the transportation vehicle. During the process of transporting the raw material to the company by the transportation vehicle, D represents the carbon emission factor of the first transportation vehicle, which is the transportation vehicle used in the raw material transportation process.

[0030] For example, taking a 110kV skid-mounted mobile substation as the research object, this study evaluates its life-cycle carbon emissions. The substation consists of three parts: a 110kV transformer prefabricated module, a 10kV switchgear and secondary assembly equipment prefabricated module, and a 110kV semi-enclosed gas-sealed metal switchgear (HGIS). The substation's overall structure is a three-dimensional structure, with the HGIS placed on top of the 10kV switchgear and secondary assembly equipment prefabricated module through modular assembly. The 110kV transformer prefabricated module includes a rated voltage of 110 / 10kV and a capacity of 63MV. A. One main transformer; the prefabricated module for 10kV switchgear and secondary equipment includes one prefabricated metal cabin, housing one 10kV high-voltage incoming cabinet, eight 10kV high-voltage outgoing cabinets, one cable lifting cabinet, one voltage transformer cabinet, one station service transformer cabinet, and auxiliary control systems such as air conditioning, ventilation, lighting, and security. The prefabricated cabin and roof are constructed with a double-layer metal plate-wrapped steel frame, with rock wool boards filling the gaps for insulation and flame retardancy. The production and assembly of the high-voltage switchgear, electrical secondary equipment cabinets, and auxiliary control facilities such as air conditioning, ventilation, lighting, and security are all completed in the factory. After passing factory inspection, the entire module is delivered to the substation site for construction.

[0031] The types and weights of raw materials are obtained from the Bill of Materials (BOM) data of the skid-mounted mobile substation. If all raw materials are transported by road, the transportation distance for steel, copper, aluminum alloy, and rock wool boards is set at 100km, and the transportation distance for epoxy resin and ceramics is set at 50km. The carbon emissions E during the raw material acquisition stage can then be obtained. m As shown in Table 2 below: Table 2 Carbon Emissions During Raw Material Acquisition

[0032] Therefore, the total carbon emissions E can be calculated. m The value is 40.17, and the unit is tCO2e.

[0033] Furthermore, the execution process of step S3 is specifically implemented as follows in this embodiment: Based on a pre-set lidar device, the construction space of the skid-mounted substation is collected; candidate substation structures are determined according to the substation structure algorithm, wherein the candidate substation structures meet the construction requirements of the construction space; thermal field models of all candidate substation structures are determined according to the thermal field analysis algorithm, and one of the candidate substation structures is selected as the substation structure according to the thermal field model; all construction equipment and the corresponding construction time of each construction equipment are determined according to the substation structure; based on all construction equipment and the corresponding construction time of each construction equipment, combined with the full life cycle information, the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation during the manufacturing stage are determined.

[0034] Furthermore, the process of determining the carbon emissions during the manufacturing stage of the skid-mounted substation based on all construction equipment and the corresponding construction time of each piece of equipment, combined with the full life cycle information, is specifically implemented as follows in this embodiment: Based on all construction equipment and the full life cycle information, determine the energy carbon emission factors for all manufacturing stages; based on the construction duration corresponding to each construction equipment and the full life cycle information, determine the total energy consumption and energy carbon emission factors for all manufacturing stages of the skid-mounted substation; based on the total energy consumption and energy carbon emission factors for all manufacturing stages, calculate the carbon emissions for the manufacturing stage.

[0035] Due to the inherent characteristics of prefabricated substations, they are often installed in remote environments with weak infrastructure or in urban environments with limited construction space. In urban environments with limited construction space, the installation space is often irregular, which places higher demands on the installation of standard substation specifications.

[0036] Therefore, for cases with irregular installation spaces, spatial modeling is performed using equipment such as LiDAR and 3D cameras to collect data on the construction space. Then, based on the pre-trained substation structure algorithm, the positions of each module of the prefabricated substation are designed. The final design results of the candidate substation structure meet the construction requirements of the construction space, meaning that the substation structure will not exceed the construction space in terms of space, and some modules will be arranged in corresponding positions in terms of structure, such as placing the high-voltage switchgear near the bottom layer.

[0037] After determining the candidate substation structures, the heat generation during operation of the prefabricated substation cannot be ignored. Furthermore, the insulation layer within the prefabricated substation structure significantly impacts both insulation and heat dissipation. Therefore, thermal field analysis of the cabin and key components is necessary. Thermal field analysis algorithms are used to determine the corresponding thermal field model for each candidate substation structure, confirming the structural optimization scheme for insulation and heat dissipation. High-heat-generating components are individually positioned, and based on the power density level of the heat sources within the cabin, the resulting heat transfer direction, and the environmental control set temperature, a reasonable comprehensive heat transfer coefficient value for the cabin enclosure structure is determined. The substation structure that meets the insulation and heat dissipation requirements is then selected from all candidate substation structures. It should be noted that during the generation of candidate substation structures, if the number of candidate substation structures reaches a preset threshold, the generation of candidate substation structures is stopped. If the thermal field models corresponding to all candidate substation structures meet the preset insulation and heat dissipation requirements, the one with the lowest overall temperature variance among the thermal field models is selected as the final substation structure.

[0038] After determining the substation structure, the necessary construction equipment and the processing time for each piece of equipment are determined based on that structure for building the prefabricated substation. This then determines the carbon emissions during the manufacturing phase. E p The calculation method is as follows: , It should be noted that, E i Let i be the energy consumption during the manufacturing stage corresponding to the i-th energy source. F i Let be the carbon emission factor of the manufacturing stage corresponding to the i-th energy source. The carbon emission factor of the manufacturing stage is related to the type of construction equipment involved in the construction, and the energy consumption in the manufacturing stage is related to the construction time of each piece of construction equipment.

[0039] Continuing with the previous example, the manufacturing stage includes processing and assembly, electrical performance testing, and transfer and warehousing. Specifically, processing and assembly includes processes such as secondary production line removal, secondary wire pressing, busbar punching and shearing, busbar bending, and busbar drying. The total power of the production equipment in this process is 73.84 kW, consuming 336.82 kWh of electricity. Electrical performance testing includes processes such as power frequency withstand voltage testing, loop resistance testing, impulse withstand voltage testing, and grounding resistance testing. The total power of the testing equipment in this process is 8.95 kW, consuming 161.88 kWh of electricity. Transfer and warehousing are completed using transfer equipment. The corresponding carbon emissions can be determined by the fuel consumption and operating time of the transfer equipment. For example, if a 5-ton diesel forklift is used to transfer parts and finished products, and the measured fuel consumption of the diesel forklift is 5 L / h, with a cumulative production operation time of approximately 15 hours and a total fuel consumption of 75 L, then the carbon emissions generated by the energy consumed by the diesel forklift during the transfer process are 0.22 tCO2e. Therefore, the final carbon emissions of the manufacturing stage can be calculated. E p It is 0.29 tCO2e.

[0040] Furthermore, the execution process of step S4 is specifically implemented as follows in this embodiment: Based on the full lifecycle information, the substation transportation volume, substation transportation distance, and carbon emission factor of the second transportation vehicle for the skid-mounted substation are determined; based on the substation transportation volume, substation transportation distance, and carbon emission factor of the second transportation vehicle, the transportation carbon emission is determined; based on the full lifecycle information, the energy consumption and energy carbon emission factors for all construction phases of the skid-mounted substation are determined; based on the energy consumption and energy carbon emission factors for all construction phases, the deployment carbon emission is determined; the transportation carbon emission and the deployment carbon emission are summed to obtain the construction phase carbon emission.

[0041] Carbon emissions during the construction phase E c As shown below: , Where G represents the substation transport volume, J represents the substation transport distance, and D corresponds to the carbon emission factor of the transport vehicle. In the process of transporting the skid-mounted substation to the construction site by the transport vehicle, D represents the carbon emission factor of the second transport vehicle, which is the transport vehicle used in the transportation process of the skid-mounted substation. E i Let i be the energy consumption during the construction phase corresponding to the i-th energy source. F i Let be the carbon emission factor of the construction phase corresponding to the i-th energy source.

[0042] Following the previous example, the on-site construction phase mainly includes two parts: transportation and on-site construction. During transportation, the corresponding carbon emissions can be determined by the weight of the skid-mounted substation, the transportation distance, and the corresponding source carbon emission factor. If the total weight of the skid-mounted substation is 96.87t, and the transportation distance from the substation construction site to the processing site is 30km, the carbon emissions during the substation transportation process can be calculated as 0.215 tCO2e.

[0043] During the on-site construction phase, delivery-based transportation and mechanized construction methods were adopted. After the skid-mounted mobile substation modules were transported to the construction site, they were assembled into a complete substation through hoisting operations. The carbon emissions can be determined based on the fuel consumption and working hours of the assembly equipment used. If a 25t crane is used for on-site hoisting and assembly, working 8 hours a day for 2 consecutive days, the fuel consumption is 10L per hour. Ignoring the energy consumption for on-site transportation of prefabricated components and other auxiliary operations, and only calculating the crane's energy consumption, the carbon emissions for the prefabricated module hoisting and assembly are 0.47tCO2e. Based on the above, the carbon emissions during the construction phase can be determined. E c It is 0.685 tCO2e.

[0044] Furthermore, the execution process of step S5 is specifically implemented as follows in this embodiment: Based on the full lifecycle information, the annual power consumption, carbon emission factor, and preset lifespan of the electrical equipment in the skid-mounted substation are determined; based on the annual power consumption, carbon emission factor, and preset lifespan of the electrical equipment, the carbon emissions during the operation phase are determined.

[0045] Furthermore, the annual power consumption of the electrical equipment includes transformer power loss, high-voltage switchgear power loss, air conditioning power consumption, and lighting, ventilation, and security equipment power consumption.

[0046] During the operation of skid-mounted substations, the main sources of power loss are the transformers, high-voltage switchgear, and electrical equipment such as air conditioning, lighting, ventilation, and security systems. It should be noted that in the power system, high-voltage switchgear and other high-voltage electrical equipment refer to voltage levels of 3kV and above.

[0047] Based on this, carbon emissions during the operation phase E u The calculation formula is as follows: , Among them, E i F i Let i represent the energy consumption and corresponding carbon emission factor, and y represent the preset lifespan.

[0048] Regarding transformer power loss, transformers generate no-load loss, load loss, additional loss and other losses during operation. As one of the core equipment of a substation, the carbon emissions of the transformer are an important indicator for measuring the environmental impact of a substation.

[0049] Continuing with the previous example, if one main transformer and one station service transformer are used, then the transformer power loss ΔA T The calculation formula is: , in, The transformer's no-load loss is expressed in kW; T represents the transformer's operating time, expressed in hours. S represents the transformer load loss, in kW; S represents the transformer operating capacity, in MVA, which is calculated as 50% in this embodiment; S e τ represents the rated capacity of the transformer, in MVA; τ represents the maximum load loss in hours, in hours.

[0050] Using the previous example, the calculated results of power loss and carbon emissions of the main transformer and station service transformer are shown in Table 3 below: Table 3 Power Loss and Carbon Emissions of Engineering Transformers

[0051] Therefore, the total annual carbon emissions from transformers are 64.93 tCO2e / a.

[0052] Regarding the power loss of high-voltage switchgear, the power loss during the operation and use of high-voltage switchgear is mainly the power loss of the main circuit, which is related to the main circuit resistance, the rated current of the circuit, and the load rate and energization time of each main circuit. The power loss E of the switchgear K The calculation formula is: , in, I r This refers to the rated current of the switchgear, in amperes (A). n For load factor; R The main circuit resistance is expressed in Ω. T This refers to the service life of the switchgear in hours (h). Following the previous example, the rated current of the incoming switchgear is 4000A, the rated current of the outgoing switchgear is 1250A, and n is taken as 0.8. The circuit resistance of the switchgear, measured through type testing, is 480uΩ. T If we take the value 8760, and there are a total of 8 10kV high-voltage switchgear units, then the annual power consumption of the high-voltage switchgear units is 47.26MWh / a, and the annual carbon emission is 6.64 tCO2e / a.

[0053] Regarding the electricity consumption of air conditioning, the purpose of installing air conditioning in skid-mounted substations is to compensate for the heat that seeps into the outside space through the substation walls during winter. Q WD (Joules, J), and reduce the amount of heat that seeps into the substation from the outside space through the bulkhead during the summer. Q SD (Joules, J) to ensure that the target temperature of the substation's internal environment is controlled between +18ºC and +25ºC, therefore, the electricity consumption of the air conditioning system for heating and insulation in winter to maintain the internal environment temperature is based on the amount of raw material recovered, the electricity consumption of the processing and recovery, and the carbon emission factor of the electrical equipment. P WD （ The energy consumption (kWh) and the electricity consumption generated for cooling to maintain the cabin temperature in summer are based on the amount of raw materials recovered, the power consumption of the processing and recovery, and the carbon emission factor of the electrical equipment. P SD (kWh), which is the annual electricity consumption of air conditioning based on the amount of raw materials recovered, the electricity consumption of the processing and recovery, and the carbon emission factor of the electricity consumption of the electrical equipment. P (kWh), its calculation formula is: , in, Q D The amount of heat exchanged between the interior space of a substation and the exterior space through the bulkheads per unit time. t 1 represents the average winter temperature in the area where this project is located. t 2 represents the average summer temperature; d λ represents the thickness of the rock wool board in the cabin, in meters (m); λ represents the thermal conductivity of the rock wool board, in W / (m·K). A The surface area of ​​the prefabricated cabin with air conditioning installed, in m². 2 ; D W This represents the number of days of winter heating, expressed in days. D S This refers to the number of cooling days in summer, expressed in days. COP H The coefficient of performance (COP) of the air conditioner when it is in heating mode; COP C ρ is the coefficient of performance for air conditioning cooling; ρ is a margin factor set to take into account the regionality of engineering construction and the inconsistency of construction technology.

[0054] Following the previous example, t 1 is a value of 12ºC. t 2 is set to 28ºC; d The value is 0.08m; the value of λ is 0.046. AIn this embodiment, the surface area of ​​the prefabricated cabin for the 10kV switchgear and secondary assembly equipment is 277.6㎡; D W The values ​​are taken from November 1st to March 1st, totaling 120 days; D S The values ​​are taken from June 1st to October 1st, totaling 120 days; COP H The value is 2.3; COP C The value is set to 1.9; the margin factor ρ is set to 1. Therefore, the annual electricity consumption of the air conditioner is 1.925 MWh / a, and the annual carbon emissions are 0.27 tCO2e / a.

[0055] Regarding the power consumption of lighting, ventilation, and security equipment, the skid-mounted substation is equipped with fans for smoke extraction in case of an accident and is not activated under normal circumstances; the substation is equipped with lighting and emergency exit indicator lights. Since the project is an unattended substation, the lighting system is only used during maintenance and repair; the substation is equipped with security systems such as video surveillance. The power of the above electrical equipment is low and its contribution to the total life cycle energy consumption is negligible, or a fixed value can be preset as the power consumption of lighting, ventilation, and security equipment.

[0056] Regarding carbon emissions generated during operation and maintenance, although prefabricated substations are generally unmanned, maintenance personnel still need to regularly visit the substation for inspection and maintenance. During these visits, the engineering vehicles used to travel to and from the substation consume fossil fuels, thus generating greenhouse gases such as CO2. The operation and maintenance frequency for prefabricated substations is twice a month. Assuming a distance of 30km between the maintenance unit and the substation, a round trip involves a vehicle traveling 60km, consuming approximately 6L of gasoline, resulting in monthly carbon emissions of 0.04 tCO2e and annual carbon emissions of 0.48 tCO2e / a.

[0057] The carbon emissions during the operation phase are shown in Table 4 below: Table 4 Carbon Emissions During Operation and Use

[0058] Therefore, the total carbon emissions E during the entire operating cycle can be calculated. u It is 1436.8, and the unit is tCO2e.

[0059] Furthermore, the execution process of step S7 is specifically implemented as follows in this embodiment: Based on the full lifecycle information, the waste transportation volume, waste transportation distance, and carbon emission factor of the third transportation vehicle for the skid-mounted substation are determined; the carbon emission of waste transportation is determined based on the waste transportation volume, waste transportation distance, and carbon emission factor of the third transportation vehicle; the raw material recovery volume, processing and recovery power consumption, and electrical equipment power consumption carbon emission factor for the skid-mounted substation are determined based on the full lifecycle information; the carbon emission of raw material recovery is determined based on the raw material recovery volume, processing and recovery power consumption, and electrical equipment power consumption carbon emission factor; the carbon emission of the waste transportation carbon emission, the carbon emission of the raw material recovery carbon emission, and the carbon reduction of the raw material recovery are summed to obtain the carbon emission of the dismantling stage.

[0060] The carbon emissions during the decommissioning phase are simplified based on a fixed percentage of the carbon emissions during the construction phase, with 10% being preferred in practical applications. Raw materials such as steel, copper, and aluminum alloys in the equipment can be processed and reused, thereby reducing the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation throughout its entire lifecycle. Specifically, the carbon emissions during the dismantling phase... E d The calculation formula is as follows: , in, G For waste transportation volume, K Let D represent the waste transportation distance, and D correspond to the carbon emission factor of the transportation vehicle. During the waste transportation process, D represents the carbon emission factor of the third transportation vehicle, which is the transportation vehicle used in the waste transportation process. M j For the amount of raw materials recycled, The electricity consumed in processing and recycling The carbon emission factor of electrical equipment consumption. E r To reduce carbon emissions through raw material recycling.

[0061] The recyclability of raw materials is listed in Table 2 above, and the carbon reduction from raw material recycling is also shown. E r It is related to factors such as raw material usage, recyclability, and carbon emission factors. The specific functional relationship is as follows: , Where α represents the type of raw material; O j Carbon emission factors of raw materials; m j This refers to the amount of raw materials consumed. For raw material recyclability; γ is The raw material reduction rate during secondary processing in the factory follows the example above. γThe value was 90%, and the results of raw material recycling are detailed in Table 5 below: Table 5 Carbon Emission Reduction from Raw Material Recycling

[0062] Therefore, calculations show that the carbon emissions during the entire lifecycle phase, from demolition and recycling, are: E d = E C ×10%-26.25=-26.18 tCO2e.

[0063] Based on the above calculations, with a product lifecycle of 20 years, the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted mobile substation at each stage of its lifecycle and the total lifecycle carbon emissions are obtained. E L The total carbon emissions are 1461.37 tCO2e, of which 1446.4 tCO2e are generated during the operation and use phase, accounting for 98.98% of the total life cycle carbon emissions. This is the stage with the highest carbon emissions, with transformers being the electrical equipment that emits the most carbon, mainly due to power generation losses during transformer operation. Since transformer power losses are determined by both the transformer's own performance and operating conditions, it is crucial to select low-energy-consumption and high-efficiency transformers and optimize equipment operating conditions to reduce no-load operation time in terms of transformer selection and operation management. Other stages, in descending order of carbon emissions, are: raw material acquisition stage (2.75%), on-site construction stage (0.05%), and manufacturing stage (0.02%). Although energy consumption during the dismantling, scrapping, and recycling stage at the end of the life cycle also generates carbon emissions, the recycling and reuse of raw materials such as steel, copper, and aluminum alloys in the equipment can offset 26.18 tCO2e of the total carbon emissions, resulting in a carbon emission benefit of -1.78%.

[0064] In step S6, the carbon emissions from the construction of the digital twin system involve the deployment of sensors and related wiring during the construction process. The carbon emissions associated with the manufacturing of these components need to be included in the carbon emissions from the construction of the digital twin system. Furthermore, the carbon emissions generated during the operation of the installation equipment used in the prefabricated substation also need to be included in the carbon emissions from the construction of the digital twin system. The carbon emissions from the operation of the digital twin system are also included, as the energy consumed during the operation of the data acquisition system composed of sensors and related wiring, as well as the operation of related simulation hardware, need to be included in the carbon emissions from the operation of the digital twin system. In practical applications, the construction and operation of the digital twin system generate additional carbon emissions. However, its real-time simulation effectively reduces the frequency of maintenance personnel traveling to and from the site. Due to the location of skid-mounted substations, maintenance personnel often need to use vehicles for travel. Therefore, reducing the frequency of maintenance leads to a decrease in the carbon emissions of the related vehicles. Overall, this has a significant advantage in reducing overall carbon emissions.

[0065] Based on the aforementioned method for determining the carbon emissions throughout the entire life cycle of skid-mounted substations, and taking skid-mounted mobile substations as the research object, a carbon emission evaluation system accounting boundary was established for this product. A life-cycle carbon emission analysis model and calculation process were constructed, and the carbon emissions at each stage of the product's entire life cycle were calculated in detail. This provides a scientific reference for accurately understanding its carbon emissions throughout its entire life cycle. Taking the above embodiment as an example, by determining its life-cycle carbon emissions, we can obtain the following: 1. In the raw material acquisition stage, optimizing the structural design to reduce the amount of metal materials used can be considered; 2. In the manufacturing stage, for 1. During the transfer and warehousing of finished products, pure electric forklifts can be used instead of diesel forklifts to reduce carbon emissions; 2. During the on-site construction phase, the construction process and technology can be optimized by adjusting the shifts of mechanical equipment to reduce construction time; 3. During the operation and use phase, attention should be paid to adjusting the operating conditions of transformers to reduce no-load operation time; 4. During the dismantling, scrapping and recycling phase, the recycling rate of waste metal materials such as steel, copper, and aluminum alloys should be improved, and clean and low-carbon transportation tools should be used; Through the digital twin system, the real-time monitoring effect of the prefabricated substation is enhanced while reducing the frequency of operation and maintenance, thereby reducing carbon emissions.

[0066] Comparison of carbon emissions during the construction period with traditional substation construction methods: Unlike skid-mounted mobile substations, traditional substations are primarily constructed using reinforced concrete or steel structures. Based on statistical analysis of carbon emissions during the construction period of existing traditional substations, a comparison of the carbon emissions during the construction period for these three substation construction methods is shown in Table 6.

[0067] The mode with the lowest carbon emissions during the construction period is the skid-mounted mobile substation mode, with 41.15 tCO2e. Compared with the reinforced concrete structure mode and the steel structure mode, it reduces carbon emissions by 480.74 tCO2e and 546.20 tCO2e respectively, representing reductions of 92.12% and 92.99%.

[0068] Table 6. Carbon Emissions During Construction Period for Three Substation Construction Modes

[0069] Furthermore, it is worth noting that there are uncertainties in the life-cycle carbon emission assessment, mainly due to statistical measurement and calculation errors in the primary data. Therefore, it is necessary to track, monitor and statistically analyze the raw materials and energy consumption at each process stage, conduct sensitivity studies on the collected data to the results, and correct the carbon emission factors at each level to improve the accuracy and completeness of the primary data.

[0070] Corresponding to the above method embodiments, this application also provides an embodiment of a skid-mounted substation life-cycle carbon emission determination device. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a skid-mounted substation lifecycle carbon emission determination device according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 4 As shown, the device includes: The acquisition module 402 is configured to acquire the full lifecycle information of the skid-mounted substation; The first determining module 404 is configured to determine the raw material carbon emissions and raw material transportation carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation based on the full life cycle information, and to determine the raw material acquisition stage carbon emissions based on the raw material carbon emissions and the raw material transportation carbon emissions. The second determining module 406 is configured to collect the construction space of the skid-mounted substation, combine the pre-trained substation structure algorithm and thermal field analysis algorithm to determine the substation structure of the skid-mounted substation, and determine the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation during the manufacturing stage based on the full life cycle information and the substation structure. The third determining module 408 is configured to determine the transportation carbon emissions and deployment carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation based on the full life cycle information, and to determine the carbon emissions during the construction phase based on the transportation carbon emissions and the deployment carbon emissions. The fourth determining module 410 is configured to determine the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation during its operation phase based on the full life cycle information. The fifth determining module 412 is configured to determine the carbon emissions of the construction of the twin digital system of the skid-mounted substation and the carbon emissions of the operation of the twin digital system based on the full life cycle information, and to determine the carbon emissions of the digital operation stage based on the carbon emissions of the construction of the twin digital system and the carbon emissions of the operation of the twin digital system. The sixth determining module 414 is configured to determine the carbon emissions from waste transportation, raw material recycling, and carbon reduction from raw material recycling of the skid-mounted substation based on the full life cycle information, and to determine the carbon emissions during the dismantling phase based on the carbon emissions from waste transportation, the carbon emissions from raw material recycling, and the carbon reduction from raw material recycling. The integrated module 416 is configured to combine the carbon emissions during the raw material acquisition stage, the manufacturing stage, the construction stage, the operation stage, and the dismantling stage to obtain the total life-cycle carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation.

[0071] In an optional embodiment, the first determining module 404 is further configured to: Based on the full lifecycle information, all types of raw materials for the skid-mounted substation are determined; the consumption amount and carbon emission factor of each type of raw material are determined; the carbon emission amount of the raw materials is determined based on the total consumption amount and the carbon emission factor; the raw material transportation distance and the carbon emission factor of the first transportation vehicle for the skid-mounted substation are determined based on the full lifecycle information; the carbon emission amount of the raw material transportation is determined based on the raw material consumption amount, the raw material transportation distance, and the carbon emission factor of the first transportation vehicle; the carbon emission amount of the raw materials and the carbon emission amount of the raw material transportation are summed to obtain the carbon emission amount of the raw material acquisition stage.

[0072] In an optional embodiment, the second determining module 406 is further configured to: Based on a pre-set lidar device, the construction space of the skid-mounted substation is collected; candidate substation structures are determined according to the substation structure algorithm, wherein the candidate substation structures meet the construction requirements of the construction space; thermal field models of all candidate substation structures are determined according to the thermal field analysis algorithm, and one of the candidate substation structures is selected as the substation structure according to the thermal field model; all construction equipment and the corresponding construction time of each construction equipment are determined according to the substation structure; based on all construction equipment and the corresponding construction time of each construction equipment, combined with the full life cycle information, the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation during the manufacturing stage are determined.

[0073] In an optional embodiment, the second determining module 406 is further configured to: Based on all construction equipment and the full life cycle information, determine the energy carbon emission factors for all manufacturing stages; based on the construction duration corresponding to each construction equipment and the full life cycle information, determine the total energy consumption and energy carbon emission factors for all manufacturing stages of the skid-mounted substation; based on the total energy consumption and energy carbon emission factors for all manufacturing stages, calculate the carbon emissions for the manufacturing stage.

[0074] In an optional embodiment, the third determining module 408 is further configured to: Based on the full lifecycle information, the substation transportation volume, substation transportation distance, and carbon emission factor of the second transportation vehicle for the skid-mounted substation are determined; based on the substation transportation volume, substation transportation distance, and carbon emission factor of the second transportation vehicle, the transportation carbon emission is determined; based on the full lifecycle information, the energy consumption and energy carbon emission factors for all construction phases of the skid-mounted substation are determined; based on the energy consumption and energy carbon emission factors for all construction phases, the deployment carbon emission is determined; the transportation carbon emission and the deployment carbon emission are summed to obtain the construction phase carbon emission.

[0075] In an optional embodiment, the fourth determining module 410 is further configured to: Based on the full lifecycle information, the annual power consumption, carbon emission factor, and preset lifespan of the electrical equipment in the skid-mounted substation are determined; based on the annual power consumption, carbon emission factor, and preset lifespan of the electrical equipment, the carbon emissions during the operation phase are determined.

[0076] In an optional embodiment, the fourth determining module 410 is further configured to: The annual power consumption of the electrical equipment includes transformer power loss, high-voltage switchgear power loss, air conditioning power consumption, and lighting, ventilation, and security equipment power consumption.

[0077] In an optional embodiment, the sixth determining module 414 is further configured to: Based on the full lifecycle information, the waste transportation volume, waste transportation distance, and carbon emission factor of the third transportation vehicle for the skid-mounted substation are determined; the carbon emission of waste transportation is determined based on the waste transportation volume, waste transportation distance, and carbon emission factor of the third transportation vehicle; the raw material recovery volume, processing and recovery power consumption, and electrical equipment power consumption carbon emission factor for the skid-mounted substation are determined based on the full lifecycle information; the carbon emission of raw material recovery is determined based on the raw material recovery volume, processing and recovery power consumption, and processing and recovery power consumption; the carbon emission of waste transportation, the carbon emission of raw material recovery, and the carbon reduction of raw material recovery are summed to obtain the carbon emission of the dismantling stage.

[0078] The skid-mounted substation lifecycle carbon emission determination device provided in this application acquires the lifecycle information of the skid-mounted substation; based on the lifecycle information, it determines the raw material carbon emissions and raw material transportation carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation, and based on the raw material carbon emissions and raw material transportation carbon emissions, it determines the raw material acquisition stage carbon emissions; it collects the construction space of the skid-mounted substation, and combines a pre-trained substation structure algorithm and a thermal field analysis algorithm to determine the substation structure of the skid-mounted substation, and based on the lifecycle information and the substation structure, it determines the manufacturing stage carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation; based on the lifecycle information, it determines the transportation carbon emissions and deployment carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation, and based on the transportation carbon emissions and deployment carbon emissions, it determines the construction stage carbon emissions; based on the lifecycle information, it determines the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation... The carbon emissions during the operation phase of the substation are determined as follows: Based on the full lifecycle information, the carbon emissions from the construction and operation of the twin digital system of the skid-mounted substation are determined, and the carbon emissions during the digital operation phase are determined based on the carbon emissions from the construction and operation of the twin digital system; Based on the full lifecycle information, the carbon emissions from waste transportation, raw material recycling, and carbon reduction from raw material recycling of the skid-mounted substation are determined, and the carbon emissions during the dismantling phase are determined based on the carbon emissions from waste transportation, raw material recycling, and carbon reduction from raw material recycling; Combining the carbon emissions from the raw material acquisition phase, manufacturing phase, construction phase, operation phase, digital operation phase, and dismantling phase, the full lifecycle carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation are obtained. A boundary for the carbon emission assessment system of skid-mounted mobile substations was established. Based on the characteristics of its production, manufacturing, construction and operation, a full life cycle carbon emission analysis model and calculation process were constructed. Taking actual project engineering as the research object, carbon emission data at each stage of the product's full life cycle were collected, calculated and analyzed, providing a scientific basis for accurately grasping the carbon emission situation of skid-mounted mobile substations throughout their entire life cycle.

[0079] The above is a schematic scheme of a skid-mounted substation life-cycle carbon emission determination device according to this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of this skid-mounted substation life-cycle carbon emission determination device belongs to the same concept as the technical solution of the skid-mounted substation life-cycle carbon emission determination method described above. Details not described in detail in the technical solution of the skid-mounted substation life-cycle carbon emission determination device can be found in the description of the technical solution of the skid-mounted substation life-cycle carbon emission determination method described above. Furthermore, the components in the device embodiment should be understood as functional modules necessary to implement each step of the program flow or each step of the method; these functional modules are not actual functional divisions or separations. The device claim defined by such a set of functional modules should be understood as a functional module architecture that primarily implements the solution through the computer program described in the specification, and not as a physical device that primarily implements the solution through hardware.

[0080] Figure 5 A structural block diagram of a computing device 500 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. The components of the computing device 500 include, but are not limited to, a memory 510 and a processor 520. The processor 520 is connected to the memory 510 via a bus 530, and a database 550 is used to store data.

[0081] The computing device 500 also includes an access device 540, which enables the computing device 500 to communicate via one or more networks 560. Examples of these networks include a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), a Personal Area Network (PAN), or a combination of communication networks such as the Internet. The access device 540 may include one or more of any type of wired or wireless network interface (e.g., a Network Interface Card (NIC)), such as an IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) interface, a Wi-MAX interface, an Ethernet interface, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, a cellular network interface, a Bluetooth interface, a Near Field Communication (NFC) interface, and so on.

[0082] In one embodiment of this application, the aforementioned components of the computing device 500 and Figure 5 Other components, not shown, can also be connected to each other, for example, via a bus. It should be understood that... Figure 5 The block diagram of the computing device shown is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art can add or replace other components as needed.

[0083] The computing device 500 can be any type of stationary or mobile computing device, including mobile computers or mobile computing devices (e.g., tablet computers, personal digital assistants, laptop computers, notebook computers, netbooks, etc.), mobile phones (e.g., smartphones), wearable computing devices (e.g., smartwatches, smart glasses, etc.) or other types of mobile devices, or stationary computing devices such as desktop computers or PCs. The computing device 500 can also be a mobile or stationary server.

[0084] The processor 520 is used to execute computer-executable instructions for each step of the method for determining the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle.

[0085] The above is a schematic diagram of a computing device according to this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of this computing device and the technical solution of the above-described method for determining the carbon emissions throughout the entire life cycle of a skid-mounted substation belong to the same concept. For details not described in detail in the technical solution of the computing device, please refer to the description of the technical solution of the above-described method for determining the carbon emissions throughout the entire life cycle of a skid-mounted substation.

[0086] An embodiment of this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the steps of the method for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle.

[0087] The above is an illustrative scheme of a computer-readable storage medium according to this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of this storage medium belongs to the same concept as the technical solution of the above-described method for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle. For details not described in detail in the technical solution of the storage medium, please refer to the description of the technical solution of the above-described method for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle.

[0088] An embodiment of this application also provides a chip that stores a computer program, which, when executed by the chip, implements the steps of the method for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle.

[0089] The foregoing has described specific embodiments of this application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and may still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific or sequential order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0090] The computer instructions include computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, executable file, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium may include any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording media, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc. It should be noted that the content included in the computer-readable medium may be appropriately added to or subtracted according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media may not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0091] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0092] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0093] The preferred embodiments disclosed above are merely illustrative of this application. The optional embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this application. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this application to better explain the principles and practical applications of this application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize this application. This application is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle, characterized in that, include: S1, obtain the full life cycle information of the skid-mounted substation; S2, based on the full life cycle information, determine the raw material carbon emissions and raw material transportation carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation, and based on the raw material carbon emissions and raw material transportation carbon emissions, determine the carbon emissions during the raw material acquisition stage. S3. Collect the construction space of the skid-mounted substation, combine the pre-trained substation structure algorithm and thermal field analysis algorithm to determine the substation structure of the skid-mounted substation, and determine the carbon emissions of the manufacturing stage of the skid-mounted substation based on the full life cycle information and the substation structure. S4. Based on the full life cycle information, determine the carbon emissions during transportation and the carbon emissions during deployment of the skid-mounted substation, and based on the carbon emissions during transportation and the carbon emissions during deployment, determine the carbon emissions during the construction phase. S5. Based on the full life cycle information, determine the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation during its operation phase. S6. Based on the full life cycle information, determine the carbon emissions of the construction of the twin digital system of the skid-mounted substation and the carbon emissions of the operation of the twin digital system, and determine the carbon emissions of the digital operation stage based on the carbon emissions of the construction of the twin digital system and the carbon emissions of the operation of the twin digital system. S7. Based on the full life cycle information, determine the carbon emissions from waste transportation, carbon emissions from raw material recycling, and carbon reduction from raw material recycling of the skid-mounted substation, and determine the carbon emissions during the dismantling phase based on the carbon emissions from waste transportation, carbon emissions from raw material recycling, and carbon reduction from raw material recycling. S8. By combining the carbon emissions from the raw material acquisition stage, the manufacturing stage, the construction stage, the operation stage, the digital operation stage, and the dismantling stage, the total life-cycle carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation are obtained.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, S2 includes: Based on the full life cycle information, all types of raw materials for the skid-mounted substation are determined; Determine the raw material consumption and carbon emission factor for each of the aforementioned raw material types; The carbon emissions of the raw materials are determined based on the total consumption of the raw materials and the carbon emission factor of the raw materials. Based on the full life cycle information, the raw material transportation distance of the skid-mounted substation and the carbon emission factor of the first transportation vehicle are determined. The carbon emissions from raw material transportation are determined based on the raw material consumption, the raw material transportation distance, and the carbon emission factor of the first transportation vehicle. The carbon emissions from the raw material acquisition stage are obtained by summing the carbon emissions from the raw material transportation stage.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S3 includes: Based on a pre-set lidar device, the construction space of the skid-mounted substation is collected; Candidate substation structures are determined according to the substation structure algorithm, wherein the candidate substation structures meet the construction requirements of the construction space; The thermal field model of all the candidate substation structures is determined according to the thermal field analysis algorithm, and one of the candidate substation structures is selected as the substation structure according to the thermal field model. Based on the substation structure, determine all construction equipment and the corresponding construction time for each piece of equipment; Based on all construction equipment and the corresponding construction time for each piece of equipment, combined with the full life cycle information, the carbon emissions during the manufacturing stage of the skid-mounted substation are determined.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The carbon emissions during the manufacturing phase of the skid-mounted substation are determined based on all construction equipment and the corresponding construction time for each piece of equipment, combined with the full lifecycle information, including: Based on all construction equipment and the aforementioned full life cycle information, determine the energy carbon emission factors for all manufacturing stages; Based on the construction time corresponding to each construction equipment and the full life cycle information, the energy consumption of the skid-mounted substation in all manufacturing stages and the energy carbon emission factor of the entire manufacturing stage are determined. The carbon emissions of the manufacturing stage are calculated based on the total energy consumption of the manufacturing stage and the carbon emission factor of the manufacturing stage.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S4 includes: Based on the full life cycle information, the substation transportation volume, substation transportation distance, and carbon emission factor of the second transportation vehicle of the skid-mounted substation are determined. The transportation carbon emissions are determined based on the substation transportation volume, the substation transportation distance, and the carbon emission factor of the second transportation vehicle. Based on the full life cycle information, determine the energy consumption and carbon emission factors of the skid-mounted substation during all construction phases. The carbon emission amount of the deployment is determined based on the total energy consumption and carbon emission factor of the construction phase. The carbon emissions during the construction phase are obtained by summing the carbon emissions from transportation and the carbon emissions from deployment.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S5 includes: Based on the full life cycle information, the annual power consumption of the electrical equipment, the carbon emission factor of the electrical equipment, and the preset lifespan of the skid-mounted substation are determined. The carbon emissions during the operation phase are determined based on the annual power consumption of the electrical equipment, the carbon emission factor of the electrical equipment, and the preset lifespan.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The annual power consumption of the electrical equipment includes transformer power loss, high-voltage switchgear power loss, air conditioning power consumption, and lighting, ventilation, and security equipment power consumption.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S7 includes: Based on the full life cycle information, the waste transportation volume, waste transportation distance, and carbon emission factor of the third transportation vehicle for the skid-mounted substation are determined. The carbon emissions from waste transportation are determined based on the waste transportation volume, the waste transportation distance, and the carbon emission factor of the third transportation vehicle. Based on the full life cycle information, the raw material recovery amount, processing and recovery power consumption, and electrical equipment power consumption carbon emission factor of the skid-mounted substation are determined. The carbon emissions from the raw material recovery are determined based on the raw material recovery amount, the power consumption of the processing and recovery, and the carbon emission factor of the electrical equipment. The carbon emissions from waste transportation, raw material recycling, and carbon reduction from raw material recycling are summed to obtain the carbon emissions from the demolition phase.

9. A device for determining the carbon emissions of a skid-mounted substation throughout its entire life cycle, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is configured to acquire full lifecycle information of skid-mounted substations; The first determining module is configured to determine the carbon emissions of raw materials and the carbon emissions of raw material transportation of the skid-mounted substation based on the full life cycle information, and to determine the carbon emissions of the raw material acquisition stage based on the carbon emissions of raw materials and the carbon emissions of raw material transportation. The second determining module is configured to collect the construction space of the skid-mounted substation, combine the pre-trained substation structure algorithm and thermal field analysis algorithm to determine the substation structure of the skid-mounted substation, and determine the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation during the manufacturing stage based on the full life cycle information and the substation structure. The third determining module is configured to determine the transportation carbon emissions and deployment carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation based on the full life cycle information, and to determine the construction phase carbon emissions based on the transportation carbon emissions and deployment carbon emissions. The fourth determining module is configured to determine the carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation during its operation phase based on the full lifecycle information. The fifth determining module is configured to determine the carbon emissions of the construction of the twin digital system of the skid-mounted substation and the carbon emissions of the operation of the twin digital system based on the full life cycle information, and to determine the carbon emissions of the digital operation stage based on the carbon emissions of the construction of the twin digital system and the carbon emissions of the operation of the twin digital system. The sixth determining module is configured to determine the carbon emissions from waste transportation, raw material recycling, and carbon reduction from raw material recycling of the skid-mounted substation based on the full life cycle information, and to determine the carbon emissions during the dismantling phase based on the carbon emissions from waste transportation, the carbon emissions from raw material recycling, and the carbon reduction from raw material recycling. The integrated module is configured to combine the carbon emissions from the raw material acquisition stage, the manufacturing stage, the construction stage, the operation stage, and the dismantling stage to obtain the total life-cycle carbon emissions of the skid-mounted substation.

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