Communication method and device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a communication method and device. A first communication device reports amplitude and phase information, and the amplitude information is used for indicating at least one of reflection amplitude or reflection phase corresponding to each frequency in a plurality of frequencies, so that a second communication device can send a carrier signal to the first communication device in combination with the amplitude and phase information. If the second communication device can transmit a carrier signal on a first frequency in combination with the amplitude-phase information, the first communication device receives the carrier signal and reflects the carrier signal. The second communication device receives the reflected signal and determines a first channel response according to the reflected signal and the amplitude-phase information. Therefore, the performance of channel estimation is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Passive Internet of Things (PIoT) devices have become key to enabling the Internet of Things due to their extremely low cost (e.g., $0.03 to <$0.5) and power consumption (e.g., 1 microwatt (uW) to 500 uW). According to the power consumption level and energy source of passive IoT devices, passive IoT devices include: (1) passive devices; (2) semi-passive devices; and (3) active devices.

[0003] Indoor positioning can be achieved through passive IoT. The principle of indoor positioning is as follows: A reader sends a carrier signal through an antenna. The passive IoT device receives the carrier signal and sends the reflected signal. When the passive IoT device sends the reflected signal, it can modulate a positioning reference signal sequence onto the reflected signal, so that the pico remote radio unit (pRRU) can determine the positioning information based on the received reflected signal.

[0004] The positioning accuracy of the above scheme still needs to be improved, and how to improve the positioning accuracy is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method and apparatus that can effectively improve positioning accuracy.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication method. This method is applied to a first communication device, which is a terminal device. The terminal device includes, but is not limited to, a tag, a passive IoT device, or an environmental IoT device. Alternatively, the method may be applied to a chip or functional module within the first communication device, etc., which will not be listed here. The method includes:

[0007] Report amplitude and phase information, which indicates at least one of the reflection amplitude or reflection phase for each of a plurality of frequencies; receive a carrier signal; and transmit the reflected signal of the carrier signal.

[0008] In this embodiment, the first communication device reports amplitude and phase information, enabling the second communication device to obtain a more accurate first channel response based on that information. This first channel response can be used to determine at least one of positioning information, sensing information, or perception information. By improving the performance of channel estimation, positioning accuracy, perception accuracy, or communication performance is improved.

[0009] It is understood that the first channel response can also be used to demodulate data information. The method provided in this application can be applied not only to at least one of the positioning, sensing, or sensor fields, but also to other fields (such as demodulating data), which will not be listed here.

[0010] In one possible implementation, receiving the carrier signal includes receiving the carrier signal at a first frequency, which is determined based on a plurality of frequencies.

[0011] As an example, the first frequency is one of the aforementioned frequencies. As another example, the first frequency is determined based on multiple frequencies, and is different from those multiple frequencies.

[0012] In this embodiment of the application, transmitting a carrier signal at a first frequency enables the second communication device to determine the reflection amplitude or reflection phase corresponding to the first frequency based on the reflection amplitude or reflection phase corresponding to the above-mentioned multiple frequencies, thereby improving the performance of channel estimation and improving positioning accuracy or sensing accuracy.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving request information for requesting a first communication device to report amplitude and phase information.

[0014] In this embodiment of the application, the first communication device can report amplitude and phase information upon receiving a request message, thereby enhancing the interaction between the first communication device and the second communication device.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the requested information includes frequency information, and the reported amplitude and phase information includes reporting amplitude and phase information based on the frequency information.

[0016] In this embodiment of the application, the request information includes frequency information, which enables the first communication device to effectively know which frequencies correspond to the reflection amplitude or reflection phase, thereby improving communication efficiency.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the amplitude and phase information includes information on multiple frequencies, as well as the reflection amplitude or reflection phase corresponding to each of the multiple frequencies.

[0018] In this embodiment, the amplitude and phase information includes information from multiple frequencies, which enables the second communication device to determine which frequencies correspond to the reflection amplitude or reflection phase reported by the first communication device, thereby improving communication efficiency.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the reflected signal is generated by modulation based on a reference sequence.

[0020] In this embodiment of the application, the reference sequence includes, but is not limited to, a positioning reference signal sequence.

[0021] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a communication method applied to a second communication device, which may be a base station or a distributed unit (DU), or the method may be applied to a chip in a base station, a functional module in a base station, a chip in a DU, or a functional module in a DU, etc., which will not be listed here. The method includes:

[0022] Receive amplitude and phase information, which indicates at least one of the reflection amplitude or reflection phase at each of a plurality of frequencies; transmit a carrier signal; receive a reflected signal of the carrier signal; and determine a first channel response based on the reflected signal and the amplitude and phase information.

[0023] In this embodiment of the application, by reporting amplitude and phase information, the first communication device enables the second communication device to determine a more accurate first channel response based on the amplitude and phase information, thereby improving the performance of channel estimation and improving positioning accuracy or sensing accuracy.

[0024] In one possible implementation, transmitting the carrier signal includes transmitting the carrier signal at a first frequency, which is determined based on a plurality of frequencies.

[0025] As an example, the first frequency is one of the aforementioned frequencies. As another example, the first frequency is determined based on multiple frequencies, and is different from those multiple frequencies.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the reflection amplitude corresponding to the first frequency is determined based on amplitude and phase information, or the reflection phase corresponding to the first frequency is determined based on amplitude and phase information.

[0027] In this embodiment of the application, the second communication device can determine the reflection amplitude or reflection phase corresponding to the first frequency based on the reflection amplitude or reflection phase corresponding to the above-mentioned multiple frequencies by transmitting a carrier signal at the first frequency, thereby improving the performance of channel estimation and improving positioning accuracy or sensing accuracy.

[0028] In one possible implementation, determining the first channel response based on the reflected signal and amplitude-phase information includes: determining the second channel response based on the reflected signal; and determining the first channel response based on the second channel response and amplitude-phase information.

[0029] The second communication device determines the second channel response based on the reflected signal and a reference sequence. This reference sequence includes, but is not limited to, a positioning reference signal sequence. The reference sequence may also be a parameter sequence used for demodulating data.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the first channel response satisfies:

[0031]

[0032] A = diag(a1, a2, ... a N )

[0033] in, H represents the first channel response, and A represents the second channel response. H Let a represent the conjugate transpose of A. n σ represents the reflection amplitude or reflection phase corresponding to the nth first frequency out of N first frequencies. 2 Let I be the noise power, and I be the identity matrix.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the method further includes sending measurement results to a third communication device, the measurement results including positioning information determined based on a first channel response.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: sending measurement results to a third communication device, the measurement results including at least one of sensing information or sensory information determined based on a first channel response.

[0036] The aforementioned third communication device can be a location management function (LMF) or a central unit (CU), etc.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: sending a request message, the request message being used to request the first communication device to report amplitude and phase information.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the requested information includes frequency information.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the amplitude and phase information includes information on multiple frequencies, as well as the reflection amplitude or reflection phase corresponding to each of the multiple frequencies.

[0040] For details regarding the second aspect, please refer to the first aspect; further explanation will not be provided here.

[0041] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a first communication device for executing the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation. The first communication device includes a module for executing the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation.

[0042] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a second communication device for executing the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation. The second communication device includes a module for executing the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation.

[0043] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which includes a processor and a transceiver. The processor is used to execute the processing steps in the method described in the first to second aspects or any possible implementations above, and the transceiver is used to execute the transmission and reception steps or input and output steps in the method described in the first to second aspects or any possible implementations above.

[0044] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a chip including logic circuitry and an interface, wherein the logic circuitry and the interface are coupled to enable the chip to implement the method described in the first aspect to the second aspect or any possible implementation.

[0045] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program that, when executed on a communication device, enables the methods described in the first to second aspects or any possible implementation thereof to be implemented.

[0046] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product that, when run on a communication device, enables the methods described in the first to second aspects or any possible implementations to be implemented.

[0047] Ninthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication system, the communication system including a first communication device and a second communication device, the first communication device being configured to perform the method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation, and the second communication device being configured to perform the method as described in the second aspect or any possible implementation. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a positioning architecture based on a radio access network (RAN) provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram of a scenario for a Class A label provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram of a scenario for a Class B label provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 2c This is a schematic diagram of a scenario for a Class C label provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the open radio access network (O-RAN) architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0054] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of frequency hopping estimation of time of arrival (ToA) provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of amplitude-frequency inconsistency provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 11a This is another schematic diagram of the communication device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0061] Figure 11b This is another structural schematic diagram of the communication device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0062] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a chip structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0063] To facilitate understanding of the technical solution of this application, the application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0064] The terms "first" and "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are used only to distinguish different objects and not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0065] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0066] In this application, transmission means sending or receiving, or in other words, transmission means communication.

[0067] In this application, "at least one (item)" refers to one or more, "more than one" refers to two or more, "at least two (items)" refers to two or three or more, and "and / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. "Or" indicates that there can be two relationships, such as only A exists and only B exists; when A and B are not mutually exclusive, it can also mean that there are three relationships, such as only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c".

[0068] The following describes the system involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0069] The method provided in this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as Internet of Things (IoT) systems, narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) systems, long term evolution (LTE) systems, 4th-generation (4G) communication systems, 5th-generation (5G) communication systems, and new radio (NR) systems. Among these, IoT systems include, but are not limited to, passive IoT or vehicle-to-everything (V2X). The communication methods in V2X can be collectively referred to as vehicle-to-everything (V2X), where X can represent anything. For example, V2X includes: vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communication, or vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication, etc.

[0070] The method provided in this application embodiment can also be applied to wireless local area network (WLAN) systems, such as Wi-Fi. For example, the method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 series protocols, such as the 802.11be protocol, the 802.11bn protocol, or next-generation protocols of the 802.11bn protocol, etc., and will not be listed individually.

[0071] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a positioning architecture based on a radio access network (RAN) provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, this positioning architecture includes: terminal equipment, RAN (such as...) Figure 1This is illustrated using a next-generation RAN (NG-RAN) as an example, including location management function (LMF) and access and mobility management function (AMF). The RAN includes next-generation node B (gNB) (or next-generation base station) and next-generation evolved node B (ng-eNB) (hereinafter referred to as eNB) (or next-generation evolved base station). Optionally, Figure 1 The Service Location Protocol (SLP) and the Evolved Serving Mobile Location Centre (E-SMLC) are also illustrated by example. Optionally, Figure 1 The ng-eNB / gNB also exemplarily illustrates a transmission point (TP). This is illustrated using a positioning architecture as an example; the methods provided in this application embodiment can also be applied to the sensing field, data transmission field, etc., and will not be listed here individually.

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, the gNB and ng-eNB are connected via the Xn interface, the LMF and ng-eNB / gNB are connected via the NG-C interface, the terminal device and gNB are connected via the NR-Uu interface, the terminal device and ng-eNB are connected via the LTE-Uu interface, and the AMF and LMF are connected via the NLs interface. This application relates to... Figure 1 The interfaces shown are not limited, and for descriptions of each interface, please refer to the relevant standards, which will not be detailed here.

[0073] For example, the AMF receives a location service request for terminal device a from a network element in the network (such as a 5th generation core network location services (5GC LCS) entity), or the AMF itself initiates a location service request for terminal device a on behalf of the terminal device. The AMF sends the aforementioned location service request to the LMF, which is responsible for processing the received location service request and initiating the relevant location process. The NG-RAN is responsible for sending and receiving location reference signals and obtaining relevant location information. Optionally, the LMF and the base station interact through New Radio (NR) Positioning Protocol Annex (NRPPa) messages. The LMF and the UE communicate through Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) messages to transmit UE capability information, auxiliary information, measurement information, etc.

[0074] The following is an introduction Figure 1 The various network elements involved.

[0075] LMF: A device or component deployed in the core network to provide positioning functionality for terminal devices.

[0076] eNB: An eNB is a device deployed in a RAN (Radio Range) that meets 4G standards to provide wireless communication capabilities for terminal devices. eNBs can include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations (also known as small stations), relay stations, access points, wearable devices, or vehicle-mounted devices. An eNB can also be a transmission and reception point (TRP), a pico remote radio unit (pRRU), or a reader (or read / write device). Compared to macro base station RRUs, pRRUs have lower power consumption and are lighter in weight.

[0077] gNB: A device deployed in a RAN that meets 5G standards to provide wireless communication capabilities for terminal devices. A gNB can include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations (also known as small cells), relay stations, access points, wearable devices, or vehicle-mounted devices. A gNB can also be a TRP, a transmission measurement function (TMF), a miniature pRRU, or a reader. For example, a gNB includes a CU and a DU integrated on the gNB.

[0078] Terminal device: A device with wireless transceiver capabilities. Terminal devices can also be called user equipment (UE), access terminal, terminal, subscriber unit, user station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, user agent, or user device, etc. The terminal device involved in the embodiments of this application can be an IoT terminal, such as an ambient IoT terminal or a passive IoT terminal. By embedding sensors, microcontroller units (MCUs), etc., into objects (such as IoT terminals), and in conjunction with technologies such as radio frequency identification, communication, and edge computing, these objects (such as IoT terminals) are able to perceive each other, interact with information, perform calculations, and identify themselves, thereby enabling them to be organically connected to the digital world. IoT terminals can be tag-based or sensor-based IoT terminals. Tags are also called radio frequency identification tags, electronic tags, RFID tags, or transponders, etc.

[0079] For example, passive IoT devices can be categorized into Class A tags, Class B tags, and Class C tags. Class A tags can also be referred to as Type A tags, passive devices, or radio frequency identification (RFID) tags. Class B tags can also be referred to as Type B tags, semi-active devices, or semi-active tags. Class C tags can also be referred to as Type C tags, active devices, or active tags. The following provides a detailed explanation:

[0080] Class A tags enable backscattered communication but lack independent signal generation and amplification capabilities. These tags do not have batteries or energy storage modules; the reader provides energy and the carrier wave to the tag via a radio frequency (RF) signal (or carrier signal). The tag operates by collecting energy while communicating, using a portion of the incident signal's energy for communication and reflecting the incident RF signal. Because the tag can utilize the incident signal carrier, it does not require high-power mid-RF and power amplifier devices, resulting in power consumption as low as 1uW and a cost of $0.03–$0.05. Due to its purely passive nature, its hardware capabilities are limited, restricting its coverage radius. In urban microcells (UMi) with line-of-sight (LOS) / non-line-of-sight (NLOS) channels, the coverage radius is 180 meters / 40 meters, primarily for indoor small cell scenarios (inter-site distance (ISD) ≥ 30m).

[0081] Figure 2aThis is a schematic diagram of a scenario for a Class A label provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 2a As shown, this type of tag can receive a carrier signal sent by a reader, obtain energy based on the carrier signal, and use the carrier signal as a carrier to reflect a reflected signal. This reflected signal carries relevant tag information and / or a positioning reference signal sequence. The tag feeds back the reflected signal to the reader. This reflected signal can also be called a backscatter signal.

[0082] Class B tags feature backscatter communication, have energy storage, but lack independent signal generation capabilities. They support tag-based reverse signal amplification and fall between Class A and Class C, classifying them as semi-active tags. In other words, compared to Class A tags, Class B tags add an energy storage module and a reverse amplification circuit. These tags can power communication by collecting ambient energy (such as solar or radio frequency energy). Their power consumption is approximately 100uW, the reverse amplifier gain is within 20dB, and the cost is approximately $0.1. In UMi LOS / NLOS scenarios, they can achieve a coverage radius of 300 meters / 150 meters.

[0083] Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram of a scenario for a Class B label provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 2b As shown, this type of tag can receive a carrier signal sent by a reader and reflect the carrier signal to obtain a reflected signal. Optionally, the carrier signal is used to provide power to the tag. The reflected signal carries relevant tag information and / or a positioning reference signal sequence. The tag feeds back the reflected signal to the reader.

[0084] Class C tags support independent signal generation, consume milliwatt-level power, and primarily draw power from the environment. Compared to Class A tags, this type of tag adds an inverting amplifier circuit and a carrier signal generation circuit, making it closer to a traditional cellular terminal. Its power-driven method is consistent with Class B tags, with a power consumption of approximately 500µW and a cost of approximately $0.50.

[0085] Figure 2c This is a schematic diagram of a scenario for a Class C label provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 2c As shown, this type of tag can send signals to the reader using energy provided by a power source when it is in operation.

[0086] Tags can consist of coupling elements, chips, and communication modules. Each tag has a unique identifier (ID) or electronic code, attached or integrated onto an object to identify the target object. Tags can exchange and communicate information through information transmission media to achieve intelligent identification, positioning, tracking, or monitoring of objects. Tags can be widely used in various fields, such as logistics or warehousing. By identifying the tag corresponding to an item, items can be quickly identified, and the identified item information can be managed. Therefore, in logistics or warehousing, tag identification can be referred to as inventory counting. For example, passive or semi-passive tags can be embedded or affixed to goods and stored in warehouses or shopping malls. During the logistics process, readers automatically collect the tag information, and managers can query relevant information about the goods in the inventory system, reducing the risk of goods being lost or stolen, and improving the speed of goods handover. Compared with manual inventory counting, it can effectively improve the accuracy and efficiency of inventory counting, and prevent cross-selling and counterfeiting. Tags can also be applied to asset management or industrial manufacturing. For example, the management of large assets or valuable items in libraries, art galleries, and museums requires complete management procedures or rigorous protection measures. When there are abnormal changes in the storage information of books or valuable items, a preset alert mechanism can be used to notify management personnel, allowing them to handle the situation. Sensor-based IoT terminals include temperature sensors, humidity sensors, light sensors, and motion sensors. These sensors detect various parameters in the environment and transmit the data to an IoT platform or other devices for analysis and application. For example, temperature sensors are widely used in smart homes, industrial control, and weather monitoring, accurately measuring ambient temperature and transmitting the data to an IoT platform for remote monitoring and control.

[0087] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication system includes terminal equipment and RAN equipment. Figure 3 As shown, the terminal device can be a tag, and the RAN device can be a pRRU, a reader, etc. Optionally, the pRRU and the reader can be of the same type; for example, a reader can also be a pRRU. Regarding Figure 3 For detailed information on the network elements involved, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 , Figures 2a-2c Etc., will not be elaborated here.

[0088] Figure 3In this system, the pRRU can determine its location information based on the reflected signals it receives from the tag. This location information includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: the arrival phase of the reflected signal (i.e., the angle of arrival (AoA)), the transmission time from the tag to the pRRU (i.e., ToA), the distance between the tag and the pRRU, and the distance difference between the tag and different pRRUs. The aforementioned transmission time from the tag to the pRRU can also be referred to as the direct path delay (or direct path delay).

[0089] Figure 1 and Figure 3 The architecture shown is merely an example. As standards evolve, other types of architectures may emerge in the future, and this application does not limit them.

[0090] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the open radio access network (O-RAN) architecture provided in this application embodiment. The RAN consists of a series of modules, including but not limited to at least one of the following: antenna, remote radio unit (RRU), and baseband unit (BBU). Traditional RAN architectures do not concern themselves with the transmission and communication between internal modules, but rather with the overall input and output. Therefore, in a traditional RAN architecture, all modules in the RAN can come from the same vendor. The O-RAN architecture defines the standardized communication and interfaces between the various modules within the RAN. Therefore, in an O-RAN architecture, the RAN can be broken down into multiple modules. Due to interface standardization, modules from different equipment vendors can be used to assemble the RAN. For example, for an O-RAN, antennas from company A, RRUs from company B, and BBUs from company C can be purchased and then assembled into a single RAN device.

[0091] The following is an introduction Figure 4 Modules involved:

[0092] Non-real-time RAN intelligent controller (Non-RTRIC): Used to implement non-real-time intelligent management of RAN functions. This non-real-time intelligent management includes, but is not limited to: artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) workflows for model training, AI or ML workflows for model updates, and applications / functions in a policy-guided near-real-time RAN intelligent controller (Near-RT RIC). The Non-RT RIC can reside in the service management organization (SMO) module.

[0093] Near-real-time RAN intelligent controller (Near-RTRIC): Used to achieve near-real-time intelligent management of the RAN. Through data collection and related operations on the E2 interface, it enables near-real-time control and optimization of O-RAN modules and resources.

[0094] The O-RAN central unit (O-CU) is responsible for implementing the functions of the radio resource control (RRC) layer, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, and other control functions in the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) standard.

[0095] O-RAN Central Unit Control Plane (O-CU-CP): Similar to the CU-CP in new radio (NR) systems, it implements the functions of the RRC layer and the control plane functions of the PDCP layer. The O-CU-CP is a part of the O-CU.

[0096] O-RAN Central Unit User Plane (O-CU-UP): Similar to the CU-UP in the NR system, it is used to implement the functions of the SDAP layer and the user plane functions of the PDCP layer. O-CU-UP is a part of O-CU.

[0097] O-RAN Distributed Unit (O-DU): Based on low-layer function segmentation, it is used to implement the functions of the radio link control (RLC) layer, media access control (MAC) layer, and higher physical layer (PHY) layer in the 3GPP standard. The functions of the higher physical layer include one or more of the following: forward error correction (FEC) encoding / decoding, scrambling / descrambling, or modulation / demodulation.

[0098] The O-RAN radio unit (O-RU) is based on low-layer function partitioning and is used to implement lower physical layer (lower PHY) functions and radio frequency (RF) functions in the 3GPP standard. These lower PHY functions include one or more of the following: Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) / Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (iFFT), digital beamforming, or extraction and filtering of the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH). It is similar to the TRP or Remote Radio Head (RRH) in 3GPP, but includes lower PHY functions such as FFT / iFFT or PRACH extraction.

[0099] O-RAN cloud (O-cloud): As a cloud computing platform, it includes physical infrastructure nodes for hosting O-RAN functions such as RIC and O-DU; supports software components (such as operating systems, virtual machine monitoring, container runtimes); and management and orchestration functions.

[0100] The following is an introduction Figure 4 Interfaces involved:

[0101] A1 Interface: The interface between non-RT RIC and near-RT RIC, used for intelligent and dynamic control of radio resources within the O-RAN. Non-RT RIC provides policies, rich information, and ML model updates to near-RT RIC through the A1 interface, while near-RT RIC provides policy feedback to non-RT RIC through the A1 interface.

[0102] E2 Interface: The E2 interface is an open interface between two endpoints used to connect the near-RT RIC and the RAN node. RAN nodes include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: CU and DU in 5G, O-RAN compatible with gNB, O-RAN compatible with eNB, O-CU (O-CU-CP and / or O-CU-UP), O-DU, etc. in O-RAN. The RIC can obtain RAN node data collection and feedback through the E2 node, and the RAN node can obtain control feedback from the near-RT RIC through the E2 node.

[0103] O1 Interface: The interface between the management entity in the SMO and the O-RAN module, used for operation management. For example, FCAPS management, software management, and file management are implemented through this interface.

[0104] O2 Interface: The interface between the SMO and the infrastructure management framework that supports O-RAN virtual network functionality.

[0105] E1 interface: The interface between CU-CP and CU-UP.

[0106] F1-C interface: The interface between CU-CP and DU.

[0107] F1-U interface: The interface between CU-UP and DU.

[0108] As an example, in the O-RAN architecture, a network element with positioning capabilities can be an RT RIC, such as a non-RURIC or a near-RT RIC. After the O-DU completes multipath measurement and obtains the measurement results, it can report the measurement results to the RT RIC.

[0109] As another example, in the O-RAN architecture, a network element with positioning capabilities can be an O-CU. For instance, the O-CU receives multipath measurement results reported by the O-DU and completes the positioning calculation.

[0110] In the O-RAN architecture, the network element with positioning function can also be other new network elements, etc., and this application does not limit this in the embodiments. The following... Figure 9 The method shown is illustrated using O-CU as an example, but it is not intended to limit the embodiments of this application.

[0111] Figure 4 The O-RAN architecture shown is merely an example. In specific implementations, other O-RAN architectures may also be used, and this application does not limit them.

[0112] The following describes the methods involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0113] PIoT devices typically have a transmission power of 1uW-100uW. This low transmission power results in a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). At low SNRs, the direct path energy is relatively low, making the direct path delay estimation highly susceptible to noise or NLoS paths, leading to errors in time-of-arrival (ToA) measurements and a decrease in positioning accuracy. PIoT devices can have a bandwidth of 180kHz and a ToA resolution of 1500m. By using super-resolution algorithms, a positioning accuracy of 38 meters at 90% can be achieved.

[0114] Frequency hopping technology can overcome the problems of low transmission power and narrow bandwidth of PIoT devices, enabling high-precision positioning. On the one hand, frequency hopping can accumulate energy and improve SNR, thereby improving the accuracy of ToA estimation; on the other hand, frequency hopping can obtain a larger virtual bandwidth, such as 20MHz, with a ToA resolution of 15m. By super-resolution algorithms, meter-level positioning accuracy can be achieved.

[0115] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of frequency hopping estimation ToA provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the reader transmits carrier signals at different frequencies via time-division multiplexing through the antenna. The PIoT device modulates the positioning reference signal onto carrier signals of different frequencies (e.g., for Class A or Class B tags), or transmits the positioning reference signal using different frequencies on different symbols (e.g., for Class C tags). The pRRU concatenates the short-bandwidth channel estimation results on consecutive frequencies according to the subcarrier order to form a virtual broadband channel estimation result.

[0116] However, PIoT devices suffer from amplitude-frequency inconsistency when reflecting carrier signals of different frequencies.

[0117] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of amplitude-frequency inconsistency provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 6As shown, amplitude-frequency inconsistency refers to the fluctuation in amplitude when a PIoT device reflects carrier signals of different frequencies. This leads to the introduction of multipath propagation (multipath causes different channel responses at different frequencies), resulting in a degraded ToA estimation performance. The amplitude mentioned above can also be replaced by power, which is determined based on the amplitude, such as power equal to the square of the amplitude. For example, the amplitude-frequency fluctuation of a PIoT device reaches 30dB within an 18MHz range. That is, the difference between the highest and lowest power within the 18MHz range is 30dB.

[0118] Table 1 illustrates, for example, the relationship between amplitude fluctuations at different frequencies and the root mean square error (RMRE) of the ToA estimation. Figure 1 As shown, the amplitude of the reflected signal fluctuates at different frequencies. The greater the amplitude fluctuation at each frequency, the larger the RMRE of the ToA estimation, which leads to a larger ToA estimation error and a worse positioning accuracy.

[0119] Table 1

[0120]

[0121]

[0122] Therefore, embodiments of this application provide a communication method and apparatus that can effectively improve positioning accuracy.

[0123] In this embodiment, the first communication device reports amplitude and phase information, enabling the second communication device to determine the channel response based on this information. If the channel response can be used to determine positioning information, positioning accuracy is improved. The first communication device can be a terminal device, and the second communication device can be a base station, DU, O-DU, or a network element with positioning functionality in an O-RAN architecture. Further details regarding the first and second communication devices can be found above and will not be elaborated here.

[0124] Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart of the communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The first and second communication devices involved in this method can be referred to above or below. Figures 10-12 Details are omitted here. This method can be applied to a first communication device and a second communication device, or to a chip or functional module in the first communication device, or a chip or functional module in the second communication device, etc. For ease of description, the following explanation will use the first and second communication devices as examples. Figure 7 As shown, the method includes:

[0125] 701. The first communication device reports amplitude and phase information, which indicates at least one of the reflection amplitude or reflection phase corresponding to each of a plurality of frequencies. Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the amplitude and phase information.

[0126] The reflection amplitude corresponding to a frequency is the amplitude of the reflected signal at that frequency when the first communication device transmits the reflected signal (which can be called the absolute reflection amplitude), or the relative amplitude of the reflected signal at that frequency, such as the amplitude fluctuation relative to other frequencies (which can be called the relative reflection amplitude), or the amplitude difference between the highest and lowest amplitudes within a frequency range corresponding to that frequency (which can be called the relative reflection amplitude). The reflection amplitude corresponding to a frequency can also be used to represent the power of the reflected signal at that frequency. The aforementioned other frequencies are frequencies among multiple frequencies.

[0127] The reflected phase corresponding to a frequency is the phase of the reflected signal at that frequency when the first communication device transmits the reflected signal (which can be called the absolute reflected phase), or the relative phase of the reflected signal at that frequency, such as the phase fluctuation relative to other frequencies (which can be called the relative reflected phase), or the phase difference between the maximum and minimum phases on a frequency segment corresponding to that frequency (which can be called the relative reflected phase). The aforementioned other frequencies are frequencies among multiple frequencies.

[0128] In other words, the reflection amplitude corresponding to each frequency can include the reflection amplitude at that frequency (including absolute or relative reflection amplitude), or it can include the relative reflection amplitude within a frequency range corresponding to that frequency. Similarly, the reflection phase corresponding to each frequency can include the reflection phase at that frequency (including absolute or relative reflection phase), or it can include the relative reflection phase within a frequency range corresponding to that frequency. The frequency range corresponding to the aforementioned frequencies can be a frequency range between adjacent frequencies among the aforementioned frequencies.

[0129] The following describes the amplitude and phase information:

[0130] As one possible implementation, the amplitude and phase information includes the reflected amplitude and phase corresponding to each of the multiple frequencies, and / or the reflected phase corresponding to each of the multiple frequencies.

[0131] As another possible implementation 2, the amplitude and phase information includes a reference amplitude and differential amplitudes of the reflected amplitude at each of the multiple frequencies relative to the reference amplitude. That is, the amplitude and phase information includes a reference amplitude and multiple differential amplitudes relative to the reference amplitude. Alternatively, the amplitude and phase information includes a reference phase and differential phases of the reflected phase at each of the multiple frequencies relative to the reference phase. That is, the amplitude and phase information includes a reference phase and multiple differential phases relative to the reference phase. Alternatively, the amplitude and phase information includes a reference amplitude, multiple differential amplitudes, a reference phase, and multiple differential phases.

[0132] The differential amplitude described above can be quantized using X bits, where X can be 3, 4, or 5, etc., and will not be listed here. For example, the range of differential amplitude values ​​is 1 to 16 (for example only). X = 4, 0000 represents a differential amplitude of 1, 0001 represents a differential amplitude of 2, and so on, with 1111 representing a differential amplitude of 16. The differential phase described above can be quantized using Y bits, where Y can be 3, 4, or 5, etc., and will not be listed here. The relationship between X and Y is not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0133] The aforementioned reference amplitude or reference phase may be determined by the first communication device or indicated by the second communication device through a broadcast message or a unicast message; this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0134] It is understood that, for the convenience of subsequent reference, some implementation methods or examples are numbered in the embodiments of this application.

[0135] Regarding implementation methods 1 and 2 above, the amplitude and phase information may or may not include information from multiple frequencies, as detailed below:

[0136] In one possible implementation, the amplitude and phase information also includes information about multiple frequencies. This information may include at least one of the start frequency, end frequency, or frequency interval among the aforementioned frequencies. Alternatively, the information about multiple frequencies may include at least one of the lowest frequency, highest frequency, or frequency interval among the aforementioned frequencies. The frequency interval is used to indicate the interval between adjacent frequencies among the multiple frequencies. Of course, the information about multiple frequencies may also be included in other information besides the amplitude and phase information, which will not be detailed here.

[0137] In another possible implementation, multiple frequencies are determined by a first communication device based on frequency information. For example, a second communication device transmits frequency information, which is used by the first communication device to determine the multiple frequencies. Optionally, in this implementation, the amplitude-phase information may further include indication information, which indicates whether the frequency indicated by the frequency information matches the multiple frequencies, or indicates the frequency offset between the frequency indicated by the frequency information and the multiple frequencies. Optionally, in this implementation, the amplitude-phase information may further include information about the multiple frequencies.

[0138] As an example, the frequency information indicates frequencies consistent with the aforementioned frequencies. For instance, the frequency information includes at least one of the start frequency, end frequency, or frequency interval of the aforementioned frequencies. For example, the frequency information indicates a start frequency of 890MHz and an end frequency of 915MHz. With a frequency interval of 1MHz, the first communication device can report the reflection amplitude and / or reflection phase corresponding to every 1MHz within the range of 890MHz-915MHz, such as the reflection amplitude and / or reflection phase corresponding to 890MHz, the reflection amplitude and / or reflection phase corresponding to 891MHz, and so on. Alternatively, with a frequency interval of 2MHz, the first communication device can report the reflection amplitude and / or reflection phase corresponding to every 2MHz within the range of 890MHz-915MHz, such as the reflection amplitude and / or reflection phase corresponding to 890MHz, the reflection amplitude and / or reflection phase corresponding to 892MHz, and so on. Alternatively, with a frequency interval of 0.5MHz, the first communication device can report the reflection amplitude and / or reflection phase corresponding to every 0.5MHz within the range of 890MHz-915MHz, such as the reflection amplitude and / or reflection phase corresponding to 890MHz, the reflection amplitude and / or reflection phase corresponding to 890.5MHz, and so on, without listing them all here. The aforementioned frequency interval can be included in the frequency information, or determined by the first communication device, or predefined by the standard.

[0139] As another example, the frequencies indicated by the frequency information may not be the same as the multiple frequencies mentioned above. For instance, the frequencies indicated by the frequency information may include more frequencies than those already mentioned. Or, the frequencies indicated by the frequency information may include only a portion of the multiple frequencies. For example, the frequency range indicated by the frequency information is 890MHz to 915MHz, while the frequency range of the multiple frequencies is 890MHz to 905MHz. Yet another example is that the frequency range indicated by the frequency information is 890MHz to 915MHz, and the frequency interval indicated by the frequency information is 1MHz. The frequency range of the multiple frequencies is 890MHz to 915MHz, and the frequency interval of the multiple frequencies can be 0.5MHz or 2MHz, etc., and these will not be listed here.

[0140] In another possible implementation, multiple frequencies are predefined by a standard. For example, the standard could predefine multiple frequencies as frequencies corresponding to every 1 MHz within the range of 890 MHz to 915 MHz, or frequencies corresponding to every 2 MHz within the range of 890 MHz to 915 MHz, or frequencies corresponding to every 0.5 MHz within the range of 890 MHz to 915 MHz. These will not be listed individually here.

[0141] In this embodiment, frequency can also be referred to as a frequency point. Amplitude and phase information can also be used to indicate at least one of the reflection amplitude or reflection phase corresponding to each of multiple frequency points. Given the relationship between frequency and frequency band, in this embodiment, the start frequency and end frequency, or the lowest frequency and highest frequency, can also be represented by frequency bands. For example, information on multiple frequencies can also include frequency band A and frequency intervals.

[0142] The following describes how the first communication device reports amplitude and phase information:

[0143] As one possible implementation, the first communication device reports amplitude and phase information as a capability to the second communication device. For example, after the first communication device is associated with the second communication device, the first communication device can report its capabilities to the second communication device, including amplitude and phase information. Optionally, the capabilities of the first communication device may also include the type of the first communication device, such as a Class A tag, a Class B tag, or a Class C tag.

[0144] As another possible implementation 4, before the first communication device reports the amplitude and phase information, it receives a request message from the second communication device. This request message requests the first communication device to report the amplitude and phase information. That is, the second communication device can send a request message to the first communication device, and the first communication device receives the request message and reports the amplitude and phase information.

[0145] As an example a, the request information is used to trigger the first communication device to report amplitude and phase information. Upon receiving the request information, the first communication device reports amplitude and phase information according to the request information. For example, the request information occupies 1 bit, and a value of 1 for this bit indicates that the second communication device triggers the first communication device to report amplitude and phase information. Alternatively, the request information occupies 2 bits, where a first value for these 2 bits indicates that the second communication device triggers the first communication device to report amplitude and phase information, and a second value indicates that the second communication device triggers the first communication device to report other information. For example a, the request information may not include frequency information.

[0146] As another example b, the request information includes frequency information used to determine the aforementioned multiple frequencies. Upon receiving the request information including the frequency information, the first communication device reports amplitude and phase information based on the frequency information. For a description of the frequency information, please refer to the relevant descriptions of Implementation Method 1 and Implementation Method 2 above; they will not be elaborated upon here.

[0147] As another example c, the request information includes amplitude request information and / or phase request information. The amplitude request information is used to request the first communication device to report the reflection amplitude corresponding to each of the multiple frequencies. The phase request information is used to request the first communication device to report the reflection phase corresponding to each of the multiple frequencies.

[0148] As another example d, the requested information includes frequency and amplitude, or frequency and phase, or frequency, amplitude, and phase. Further explanation of example d can be found in examples b and c, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0149] As another possible implementation, 5, the first communication device can automatically report amplitude and phase information. In contrast to implementation 3, where amplitude and phase information is reported to the second communication device as a capability of the first communication device, in implementation 5, the first communication device can automatically report amplitude and phase information after a triggering event. This triggering event may include, but is not limited to: successful association between the first and second communication devices, successful access of the first communication device to the second communication device, or the first communication device receiving a broadcast message.

[0150] The implementation methods 3 to 5 listed above are only examples. In specific implementations, the first communication device may have more opportunities to report amplitude and phase information, which will not be listed here.

[0151] In one possible implementation, after receiving the amplitude and phase information, the second communication device... Figure 7 The method shown also includes:

[0152] The second communication device determines at least one of the reflection amplitude or reflection phase corresponding to the first frequency based on the amplitude and phase information. That is, the reflection amplitude or reflection phase corresponding to the first frequency is determined based on the amplitude and phase information.

[0153] As an example, the amplitude and phase information includes the reflection amplitude and / or reflection phase corresponding to a first frequency. The first frequency can be one of the frequencies mentioned above.

[0154] As another example, the amplitude and phase information does not include the reflection amplitude and reflection phase corresponding to the first frequency. For instance, the first frequency could be a frequency determined by the second communication device based on the aforementioned multiple frequencies, but different from these frequencies. The second communication device can deduce the reflection amplitude (or reflection phase) corresponding to the first frequency based on the reflection amplitude (or reflection phase) corresponding to the known frequencies in the amplitude and phase information. For example, the second communication device can determine the reflection amplitude (or reflection phase) corresponding to the first frequency using an interpolation method. This interpolation method includes, but is not limited to, linear interpolation. For example, the amplitude and phase information includes the reflection amplitude a1 corresponding to frequency f1, the reflection amplitude a2 corresponding to f2, and f3 located within the frequency range (f1, f2). The reflection amplitude a3 corresponding to frequency f3 can be determined based on the aforementioned frequencies f1, f2, a1, and a2. For example, the reflection amplitude a3 corresponding to frequency f3 satisfies:

[0155] As shown above, amplitude and phase information may or may not include information on multiple frequencies. Optionally, if the amplitude and phase information includes information on multiple frequencies, the first frequency may be determined based on these multiple frequencies. Optionally, if the amplitude and phase information does not include information on multiple frequencies, the first frequency may be determined based on frequency information.

[0156] 702. The second communication device transmits a carrier signal. Correspondingly, the first communication device receives the carrier signal.

[0157] The second communication device can transmit carrier signals on a first frequency. Alternatively, the second communication device can transmit carrier signals on multiple first frequencies. For a description of the first frequencies, please refer to the above text; further details will not be provided here.

[0158] 703. The first communication device transmits a reflected signal of the carrier signal. Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the reflected signal.

[0159] The reflected signal is generated by modulation based on a reference sequence. The reflected signal can be determined based on a carrier signal and the signal corresponding to the reference sequence. For example, the reflected signal can be generated by modulation based on a positioning reference signal sequence. After receiving a carrier signal, the first communication device can modulate the positioning reference signal sequence onto that carrier signal and reflect the modulated carrier signal (i.e., the reflected signal). Alternatively, after receiving a carrier signal, the first communication device can modulate the data it needs to transmit onto that carrier signal and reflect the modulated carrier signal.

[0160] 704. The second communication device determines the first channel response based on the reflected signal and amplitude and phase information.

[0161] In other words, the second communication device can estimate the channel response based on the reflected signal and amplitude and phase information, thereby obtaining a more accurate first channel response.

[0162] The second communication device determines the first channel response based on the reflected signal and amplitude-phase information, including: the second communication device determines the second channel response based on the reflected signal; and determines the first channel response based on the second channel response and amplitude-phase information.

[0163] The second communication device determines a second channel response based on the reflected signal and a positioning reference signal sequence, or determines a second channel response based on the reflected signal and a sensing reference sequence. Alternatively, the second communication device compensates for the second channel response based on amplitude and phase information to obtain a first channel response.

[0164] In one possible implementation, the first channel response satisfies:

[0165]

[0166] A = diag(a1, a2, ... a N )

[0167] in, H represents the first channel response, and A represents the second channel response. H Let a represent the conjugate transpose of A. n σ represents the reflection amplitude or reflection phase corresponding to the nth first frequency out of N first frequencies. 2 Let I be the noise power, and I be the identity matrix.

[0168] As an example, a n =c. a n This represents the reflection amplitude corresponding to the nth first frequency in the Nth first frequency.

[0169] As another example, a n This represents the reflection phase corresponding to the nth first frequency in the Nth first frequency.

[0170] As yet another example, a n It is a complex number, including both the amplitude c and the phase. like a n This represents the reflection amplitude and reflection phase corresponding to the nth first frequency in the Nth first frequency.

[0171] In another possible implementation, the first channel response satisfies:

[0172]

[0173] A = diag(a1, a2, ... a N )

[0174] in, H represents the first channel response, and A represents the second channel response. H Let a represent the conjugate transpose of A. n This represents the reflection amplitude or reflection phase corresponding to the nth first frequency out of N first frequencies.

[0175] The methods for determining the first channel response based on the second channel response and amplitude-phase information listed above are merely examples. In specific implementations, the second communication device may also refer to other methods to determine the first channel response. It is understood that the first channel response and the second channel response can also be collectively referred to as channel response, channel estimation response, or channel frequency response, etc. The specific names of the first channel response and the second channel response are not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0176] In one possible implementation, after the second communication device determines the first channel response... Figure 7 The method shown also includes:

[0177] The second communication device sends measurement results to the third communication device, the measurement results including information determined based on the response of the first channel. This information includes, but is not limited to, at least one of positioning information, sensing information, or sensor information.

[0178] For example, location information includes, but is not limited to, ToA or AoA. Sensing information includes, but is not limited to, temperature, humidity, or pressure. Perception information includes, but is not limited to, the distance to the target or the speed of the target.

[0179] For example, the j-th pRRU estimates the frequency f using a channel estimation algorithm (such as the least squares (LS) algorithm). i Channel response h i,j h i,j satisfy:

[0180]

[0181] Where, α i,j For frequency f i The magnitude of the channel response between the j-th pRRU and the tag. For frequency f P The phase of the channel response between the j-th pRRU and the tag. satisfy:

[0182]

[0183] Where, τj The propagation time from the location reference signal sent by the tag to the j-th pRRU is the ToA estimated by the pRRU based on the channel response.

[0184] The methods for determining ToA through the first channel response listed above are merely examples. In specific implementations, ToA can also be determined through other methods, which will not be listed here. The methods for determining AoA and other information through the first channel response will not be detailed in the embodiments of this application.

[0185] The aforementioned third communication device can be an LMF, a CU, or an O-CU, etc. This third communication device can be a network element with positioning functionality, capable of receiving measurement results and performing positioning calculations. It is understood that, in specific implementations, the network element with positioning functionality can also be a chip in the CU or a chip in the O-CU, etc., which will not be listed here.

[0186] Typically, the second channel obtained by the second communication device based on the reflection channel is superimposed with the reflection characteristics of the first communication device. In this embodiment, by reporting amplitude and phase information, the first communication device enables the second communication device to compensate for the second channel response based on this information, resulting in a more accurate first channel response. This improves the channel estimation performance and enhances positioning or sensing accuracy even when the reflection characteristics of the first communication device are not ideal.

[0187] The following examples illustrate this. Figure 7 The methods provided.

[0188] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 In this example, the first communication device is a tag, the second is a TRP, and the third is an LMF. Figure 8 As shown, the method includes:

[0189] 801. The LMF sends a location request to the TRP, which is used to initiate the location process. Correspondingly, the TRP receives the location request.

[0190] For example, the LMF can send a location request to the TRP of the serving cell, and it can also send a location request to the TRP of a neighboring cell.

[0191] Understandable Figure 8 The location request shown is merely an example. After receiving the location request, the TRP can also send a location response to the LMF in response to that request. Figure 8 (Not shown). For detailed explanations of location requests and responses, please refer to the relevant standards; they will not be elaborated upon here.

[0192] 802. TRP sends a request message, and the corresponding tag receives the request message.

[0193] 803. The tag sends amplitude and phase information, and the corresponding TRP receives the amplitude and phase information.

[0194] For an explanation of the request information and amplitude / phase information, please refer to the description in step 701 above; it will not be elaborated here.

[0195] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the steps or modules indicated by dashed lines in the accompanying drawings are optional.

[0196] 804. TRP sends a carrier signal, and the corresponding tag receives the carrier signal.

[0197] The TRP within the serving cell transmits carrier signals. TRPs in neighboring cells can also transmit carrier signals.

[0198] For an explanation of the carrier signal, please refer to the description in step 702 above; it will not be elaborated here.

[0199] 805. The tag transmits a reflected carrier signal, and the corresponding TRP receives the reflected signal.

[0200] The TRP within the serving cell receives the reflected signal. TRPs in neighboring cells can also receive the reflected signal.

[0201] For an explanation of the reflected signal, please refer to the description in step 703 above; it will not be elaborated here.

[0202] 806. TRP determines the first channel response based on the reflected signal and amplitude and phase information, and determines the positioning information based on the first channel response.

[0203] The TRP within the serving cell can determine the first channel response, and the TRP within the neighboring cell can also determine the first channel response.

[0204] For an explanation of step 806, please refer to the description of step 704 above, which will not be elaborated here.

[0205] 807. The TRP sends the measurement results, including positioning information, to the LMF. The LMF then receives these measurement results.

[0206] After receiving the measurement results, the LMF can perform location calculations. For example, the LMF can determine the tag's location and other information based on the measurement results sent by the TRP in the serving cell and the TRPs in neighboring cells.

[0207] about Figure 8 Other details regarding the positioning process can be found in relevant standards, and will not be detailed in the embodiments of this application.

[0208] In this embodiment, the tag reports reflection amplitude and phase at multiple frequencies (including at least one of reflection amplitude or reflection phase), enabling the TRP to compensate for the estimated channel response (i.e., the second channel response) based on the reflection amplitude and phase at these multiple frequencies. The TRP then determines the measurement result based on the compensated channel response (i.e., the first channel response) and reports this measurement result to the LMF. This improves the channel response estimation performance even when the tag's reflection characteristics are non-ideal, thereby improving the ToA estimation performance and positioning accuracy.

[0209] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 In this example, the first communication device is a tag, the second communication device is a DU, and the third communication device is a CU or LMF. Figure 9 As shown, the method includes:

[0210] 901. The LMF sends a location request to the CU and / or DU, which initiates the location process. Correspondingly, the CU receives the location request. The DU receives the location request.

[0211] For example, the LMF can send a location request to the DU of the serving cell, and it can also send a location request to the DU of the neighboring cell.

[0212] Understandable Figure 9 The location request shown is merely an example. After the CU or DU receives the location request, it may also send a location response to the LMF in response to the location request.

[0213] 902. DU sends a request message, and the corresponding tag receives the request message.

[0214] 903. The tag sends amplitude and phase information, and the corresponding DU receives the amplitude and phase information.

[0215] For instructions on request information and phase information, please refer to step 701 above or... Figure 8 The description will not be elaborated here.

[0216] 904. DU sends a carrier signal, and the corresponding tag receives the carrier signal.

[0217] For an explanation of the carrier signal, please refer to step 702 above or... Figure 8 The description will not be elaborated here.

[0218] 905. The tag transmits a reflected carrier signal, and the corresponding DU receives the reflected signal.

[0219] For an explanation of the reflected signal, please refer to step 703 above or... Figure 8The description will not be elaborated here.

[0220] 906. DU determines the first channel response based on the reflected signal and amplitude and phase information, and determines the positioning information based on the first channel response.

[0221] For an explanation of step 906, please refer to step 704 above or... Figure 8 The description will not be elaborated here.

[0222] 907. The DU sends the measurement results, including positioning information, to the CU. The CU then receives these measurement results.

[0223] Optionally, after receiving the measurement result, the CU can also send the measurement result to the LMF, and after receiving the measurement result, the LMF can perform positioning calculation.

[0224] about Figure 9 Other details regarding the positioning process can be found in relevant standards, and will not be detailed in the embodiments of this application.

[0225] In this embodiment, the DU can be used to perform signal reception and signal processing, and the CU is used for measurement and control. The method provided in this embodiment can also be applied to an O-RAN system architecture; for example, the second communication device can also be an O-DU, and the third communication device can be an O-CU. For example... Figure 9 The steps implemented by the DU can be executed by the O-DU, and the steps implemented by the CU can be executed by the O-CU.

[0226] The method provided in this application embodiment can improve the estimation performance of channel response when the tag reflection characteristics are not ideal, thereby improving the ToA estimation performance and improving the positioning accuracy.

[0227] In the various implementations or examples described above, any part not described in detail in one implementation or example can be referred to other implementations or examples. The various implementations or examples shown above can be individual embodiments or combinations thereof, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0228] The following describes the communication device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0229] This application divides the communication device into functional modules according to the above-described method embodiments. For example, each function can be divided into its own functional modules, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated modules can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules. It should be noted that the module division in this application is illustrative and represents only one logical functional division; other division methods may be used in actual implementation. The following will combine... Figures 10 to 12The communication device of the present application embodiment is described in detail.

[0230] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the communication device includes a processing module 1001 and a transceiver module 1002. The transceiver module 1002 can implement corresponding communication functions, and the processing module 1001 is used to implement corresponding processing functions. The transceiver module 1002 can also be referred to as an interface, a communication interface, or a communication module, etc.

[0231] In some embodiments of this application, the communication device can be used to perform the actions performed by the first communication device in the above method embodiments. In this case, the first communication device can be a terminal device (such as an IoT terminal). Alternatively, the communication device can be a chip or functional module configurable in a device. The transceiver module 1002 is used to perform the transceiver-related operations of the first communication device in the above method embodiments, and the processing module 1001 is used to perform the processing-related operations of the first communication device in the above method embodiments.

[0232] For example, processing module 1001 is used to determine amplitude and phase information.

[0233] The transceiver module 1002 is used to send or output amplitude and phase information; receive or input carrier signals; and send or output the reflected signals of the carrier signals.

[0234] For example, the transceiver module 1002 is further configured to receive or input request information. Optionally, the processing module 1001 is further configured to parse the request information.

[0235] Reuse Figure 10 In other embodiments of this application, the communication device can be used to perform the actions performed by the second communication device in the above method embodiments. In this case, the communication device can be a base station, CU or DU, or O-CU or O-DU, etc. Alternatively, the communication device can be a chip or functional module configurable in a device. The transceiver module 1002 is used to perform the transceiver-related operations of the second communication device in the above method embodiments, and the processing module 1001 is used to perform the processing-related operations of the second communication device in the above method embodiments.

[0236] The transceiver module 1002 is used to receive or input amplitude and phase information; the processing module 1001 can be used to parse the amplitude and phase information and determine at least one of the reflection amplitude or reflection phase corresponding to the first frequency.

[0237] The transceiver module 1002 is also used to transmit or output carrier signals, and to receive or input reflected signals of the carrier signals.

[0238] The processing module 1001 is further configured to determine a first channel response based on the reflected signal and amplitude-phase information. Optionally, the processing module 1001 is further configured to determine positioning information or sensing information based on the first channel response.

[0239] Optionally, the transceiver module 1002 is also used to send or output measurement results.

[0240] For example, the transceiver module 1002 described above can be an antenna module. Alternatively, the transceiver module 1002 can be an input / output module. Optionally, in the above embodiments, the communication device may further include a storage module, which can be used to store instructions and / or data. The processing module 1001 can read the instructions and / or data from the storage module to enable the communication device to implement the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0241] For specific explanations of terms or steps in the above embodiments, please refer to the descriptions in the above method embodiments, which will not be detailed here.

[0242] It is understandable that the module division in the above-mentioned device is merely a logical functional division. Each function can correspond to a functional module, or two or more functions can be integrated into one functional module. In actual implementation, all or some modules can be integrated into one physical entity, or they can be distributed across different physical entities. Furthermore, the above-mentioned functional modules can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both.

[0243] In one example, the functional module in any of the above devices may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, such as: one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or one or more central processing units (CPUs), one or more microcontroller units (MCUs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or graphics processing units (GPUs), or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuit forms.

[0244] The communication device according to the embodiments of this application has been described above. The following describes the possible product forms of the communication device. Any device possessing the above-described... Figure 10Any form of the communication device described herein falls within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. The following description is merely illustrative and does not limit the product form of the communication device in the embodiments of this application to this.

[0245] In one possible implementation, Figure 10 In the communication device shown, the processing module 1001 can be one or more processors, and the transceiver module 1002 can be a transceiver, or the transceiver module 1002 can also be a transmitting module and a receiving module. The transmitting module can be a transmitter, and the receiving module can be a receiver. The transmitting module and the receiving module are integrated into one device, such as a transceiver. In the embodiments of this application, the processor and the transceiver can be coupled, etc., and the connection method between the processor and the transceiver is not limited in the embodiments of this application. In the process of executing the above method, the process of sending information in the above method can be the process of the processor outputting the above information. When outputting the above information, the processor outputs the above information to the transceiver so that the transceiver can transmit it. After the above information is output by the processor, it may need to undergo other processing before reaching the transceiver. Similarly, the process of receiving information in the above method can be the process of the processor receiving the input above information. When the processor receives the input information, the transceiver receives the above information and inputs it into the processor. Furthermore, after the transceiver receives the above information, the above information may need to undergo other processing before being input into the processor.

[0246] Figure 11a This is another structural schematic diagram of the communication device provided in the embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 11a As shown, the communication device 110 includes one or more processors 1120 and transceivers 1110.

[0247] In some embodiments of this application, the communication device can be used to execute the steps, methods, or functions performed by the first communication device described above, such as the processor 1120 being used to execute... Figure 10 The transceiver 1110 can be used to perform the functions or steps implemented by the processing module 1001 shown. Figure 10 The transceiver module 1002 shown illustrates the functions or steps implemented by this module. For detailed information on the processor 1120 and transceiver 1110, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 10 Alternatively, the method embodiments shown above will not be described in detail here.

[0248] In other embodiments of this application, the communication device is used to perform the steps, methods, or functions performed by the second communication device described above, such as the processor 1120 being used to perform such... Figure 10 The transceiver 1110 can be used to perform the functions or steps implemented by the processing module 1001 shown. Figure 10The transceiver module 1002 shown illustrates the functions or steps implemented by this module. For detailed information on the processor 1120 and transceiver 1110, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 10 Alternatively, the method embodiments shown above will not be described in detail here.

[0249] exist Figure 11a In various implementations of the communication apparatus shown, the transceiver may include a receiver for performing a receiving function (or operation) and a transmitter for performing a transmitting function (or operation). The transceiver is also used to communicate with other devices / appliances via a transmission medium.

[0250] Optionally, the communication device 110 may further include one or more memories 1130 for storing program instructions and / or data. The memories 1130 are coupled to the processor 1120. The coupling in this embodiment is an indirect coupling or communication connection between communication devices, units, or modules, and can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms, used for information exchange between the communication devices, units, or modules. The processor 1120 may operate in conjunction with the memories 1130. The processor 1120 may execute program instructions stored in the memories 1130. Optionally, at least one of the aforementioned memories may be included in the processor.

[0251] This application embodiment does not limit the specific connection medium between the transceiver 1110, processor 1120, and memory 1130. This application embodiment... Figure 11a The memory 1130, processor 1120, and transceiver 1110 are connected via a bus 1140, and the bus is in Figure 11a The connections between other components are shown in bold and are for illustrative purposes only, not as limiting information. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, Figure 11a The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0252] In the embodiments of this application, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc., and can implement or execute the various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly manifested as being executed by a hardware processor, or being executed by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0253] In this application embodiment, the memory may include, but is not limited to, non-volatile memory such as hard disk drive (HDD) or solid-state drive (SSD), random access memory (RAM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), read-only memory (ROM), or compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), etc. Memory is any storage medium capable of carrying or storing program code in the form of instructions or data structures, and capable of being read and / or written by a computer (such as the communication device shown in this application), but is not limited to this. The memory in this application embodiment may also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing storage functions, used to store program instructions and / or data.

[0254] The processor 1120 is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data, control the entire communication device, execute software programs, and process the data of the software programs. The memory 1130 is mainly used to store software programs and data. The transceiver 1110 may include control circuitry and an antenna. The control circuitry is mainly used for converting baseband signals to radio frequency signals and processing radio frequency signals. The antenna is mainly used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. Input / output devices, such as touchscreens, displays, and keyboards, are mainly used to receive user input data and output data to the user.

[0255] When the communication device is powered on, the processor 1120 can read the software program in the memory 1130, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program. When data needs to be transmitted wirelessly, the processor 1120 performs baseband processing on the data to be transmitted and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency (RF) circuit. The RF circuit processes the baseband signal and transmits the RF signal outward in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna. When data is sent to the communication device, the RF circuit receives the RF signal through the antenna, converts the RF signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor 1120. The processor 1120 converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.

[0256] In another implementation, the radio frequency circuitry and antenna can be set up independently of the processor performing baseband processing. For example, in a distributed scenario, the radio frequency circuitry and antenna can be arranged remotely, independent of the communication device.

[0257] The communication device shown in the embodiments of this application may also have a higher... Figure 11aThis application does not limit the use of other components or other related elements. The methods performed by the processor and transceiver shown above are merely examples; the specific steps performed by the processor and transceiver can be found in the methods described above.

[0258] Figure 11b This is another structural schematic diagram of the communication device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 11b Exemplary schematic diagrams are shown for the architecture of the CU, the structure of the DU, and the structure of the RU. Figure 11b The interfaces between different network elements are also illustrated by example. The following is a detailed description:

[0259] The CU implements L2 and L3 functions. The DU implements L1 and some L2 functions. The RU implements L1 calculations and radio frequency (RF) digital functions. Further information about the CU, DU, and RU can be found above. Figure 4 The description of that is not detailed here.

[0260] Backhaul interfaces are used to carry traffic between the CU and the core network, while midhaul interfaces are used to carry traffic between the CU and the DU. Fronthaul (FH) interfaces are used to carry traffic between the RU and the DU.

[0261] Figure 11b The example illustrates the physical configuration of DU and RU separately. In a practical implementation, DU and RU can also be physically configured together. For instance, an integrated DU can be used to implement the functions of both DU and RU.

[0262] Figure 11b The chip architecture of each network element is also illustrated as an example.

[0263] The CU's hardware may include a chassis platform (not shown in the figure), a motherboard (not shown in the figure), peripheral devices (not shown in the figure), and cooling equipment (not shown in the figure). The motherboard includes processing units, memory (not shown in the figure), internal input / output (I / O) interfaces (not shown in the figure), and external connection ports (not shown in the figure). The CU's hardware also includes hardware accelerators. Hardware accelerators include interfaces and hardware functional components, including: storage for software, hardware, and system debugging interfaces, and a single-board management controller. For example, the processing unit may include a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU).

[0264] Similar to the CU's hardware, the DU's hardware may also include a chassis platform (not shown in the figure), a motherboard (not shown in the figure), peripherals (not shown in the figure), and cooling equipment (not shown in the figure). The motherboard contains processing units, memory (not shown in the figure), internal I / O interfaces (not shown in the figure), and external connection ports (not shown in the figure). The DU's hardware also includes hardware accelerators. Hardware accelerators include interfaces and hardware functional components, including: storage for software, hardware, and system debugging interfaces, and a single-board management controller. For example, the processing unit may include a general-purpose processor, such as a CPU.

[0265] DU (Duration-Based) systems are typically implemented using multi-core processors and one or more hardware accelerators. Parts of the DU protocol stack can be implemented in software running on the multi-core processor, while computationally intensive L1 and L2 functions can be offloaded to FPGA / GPU-based hardware accelerators; alternatively, all L1 functions can be offloaded to FPGA / GPU-based hardware accelerators, while other protocol stack components are implemented in software running on the processor; or the entire protocol stack can be implemented in software running on the processor. The hardware accelerator supports interconnection with x86 or non-x86 processors. Similarly, the accelerator has a multi-channel PCIe interface pointing to the CPU and external connections via Gigabit Ethernet (GE) connectivity.

[0266] The RU consists of three parts: the O-RAN processing unit (ORU) (e.g., Figure 11bThe diagram shows the RAN FH processing unit, the O-RU's digital processing unit (DPU), and the RF processing unit. Exemplarily, the ORU receives Enhanced Common Public Radio Interface (eCPRI) frames from the O-RAN fronthaul and processes them through the fronthaul interface, the lowest level L1 (coding, scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, precoding), synchronization, beamforming, and resource unit mapping. The OPU can be implemented as a CPU, FPGA, or ASIC. The DPU can be used to perform synchronization, digital downconversion (DDC) (in UL), digital upconversion (DUC) (in DL), crest factor reduction (CFR), and digital pre-distortion (DPD) to improve power amplifier efficiency by reducing the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) / adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) of the RF frontend. The DPU can be implemented as an FPGA or ASIC. The RF processing unit includes a transceiver module, up / down converters, power amplifiers (PA), low noise amplifiers (LNA), and transmit (Tx) / receive (Rx) filters. All conversions between the analog and digital domains can be performed within the transceiver module. These conversions include, but are not limited to: digital-to-analog converters (DAC), analog-to-digital converters (ADC); RF sampling; and frequency conversion using a mix of RF, intermediate frequency (IF), and local oscillator (LO) during up-conversion and down-conversion. Optionally, physical and logical partitions within the RF processing unit do not require specific boundaries; that is, it is not necessary to distinguish between physical and logical partitions.

[0267] In another possible implementation Figure 10In the communication device shown, the processing module 1001 can be one or more logic circuits, and the transceiver module 1002 can be an input / output interface, or a communication interface, or an interface circuit, or an interface, etc. Alternatively, the transceiver module 1002 can also be a transmitting module and a receiving module. The transmitting module can be an output interface, and the receiving module can be an input interface. The transmitting module and the receiving module are integrated into one module, such as an input / output interface.

[0268] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a chip structure provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 12 As shown, Figure 12 The communication device shown includes logic circuit 1201 and interface 1202. That is, the processing module 1001 can be implemented using logic circuit 1201, and the transceiver module 1002 can be implemented using interface 1202. The logic circuit 1201 can be a chip, processing circuit, integrated circuit, or system-on-chip (SoC) chip, etc., and the interface 1202 can be a communication interface, input / output interface, pins, etc. For example, Figure 12 Taking the aforementioned communication device as an example, the chip includes a logic circuit 1201 and an interface 1202.

[0269] In this embodiment, the logic circuit and the interface can also be coupled to each other. The specific connection method between the logic circuit and the interface is not limited in this embodiment. For example, the logic circuit 1201 can be used to perform... Figure 10 The processing module 1001 shown implements the functions or steps, and the interface 1202 can be used to execute such functions or steps. Figure 10 The transceiver module 1002 shown illustrates the functions or steps implemented by this module. For detailed information on the logic circuit 1201 and interface 1202, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 10 Alternatively, the method embodiments shown above will not be described in detail here.

[0270] The communication device shown in the embodiments of this application can implement the method provided in the embodiments of this application in hardware form, or it can implement the method provided in the embodiments of this application in software form, etc., and the embodiments of this application do not limit it in this way.

[0271] This application also provides a communication system, which includes a first communication device (or a chip in the first communication device) and a second communication device (or a chip in the second communication device). The first communication device and the second communication device can be used to perform the methods in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0272] In addition, this application also provides a computer program for implementing the operations and / or processes performed by various communication devices in the method provided in this application.

[0273] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer code that, when executed on a computer (such as the various communication devices shown above), causes the computer to perform the operations and / or processes performed by the various communication devices in the method provided in this application.

[0274] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer code or a computer program that, when run on a computer (such as the various communication devices shown above), causes the operations and / or processes performed by each execution in the method provided in this application to be executed.

[0275] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, communication devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the communication device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, communication devices, or modules, or it may be an electrical, mechanical, or other form of connection.

[0276] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the technical effects of the solutions provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0277] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module. The integrated modules described above can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules.

[0278] If the integrated module is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a readable storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned readable storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method is applied to a first communication device, or the method is applied to a chip in the first communication device, and the method comprises: reporting amplitude and phase information, the amplitude and phase information being used to indicate at least one of a reflection amplitude or a reflection phase corresponding to each of a plurality of frequencies; receiving a carrier signal; sending a reflection signal of the carrier signal.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The receiving of the carrier signal comprises: receiving the carrier signal at a first frequency, the first frequency being determined according to the plurality of frequencies.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The first frequency is determined according to the plurality of frequencies, which comprises that the first frequency is one of the plurality of frequencies.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The method further comprises: receiving request information, the request information being used to request the first communication device to report the amplitude and phase information.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The request information comprises frequency information, and the reporting of the amplitude and phase information comprises: reporting the amplitude and phase information according to the frequency information.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The amplitude and phase information comprises information of the plurality of frequencies and at least one of a reflection amplitude or a reflection phase corresponding to each of the plurality of frequencies.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The reflection signal is generated according to a positioning reference signal sequence modulation.

8. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method is applied to a second communication device, or the method is applied to a chip in the second communication device, and the method comprises: receiving amplitude and phase information, the amplitude and phase information being used to indicate at least one of a reflection amplitude or a reflection phase at each of a plurality of frequencies; sending a carrier signal; receiving a reflection signal of the carrier signal; determining a first channel response according to the reflection signal and the amplitude and phase information.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The sending of the carrier signal comprises: sending the carrier signal at a first frequency, the first frequency being determined according to the plurality of frequencies.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, A reflection amplitude corresponding to the first frequency is determined according to the amplitude and phase information, or a reflection phase corresponding to the first frequency is determined according to the amplitude and phase information.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The first frequency is determined according to the plurality of frequencies, which comprises that the first frequency is one of the plurality of frequencies.

12. The method according to any one of claims 8-11, characterized in that, The determining of the first channel response according to the reflection signal and the amplitude and phase information comprises: determining a second channel response according to the reflection signal; determining the first channel response according to the second channel response and the amplitude and phase information.

13. The method according to any one of claims 9-12, characterized in that, The first channel response satisfies: A = diag(a1, a2,... a N ) wherein denotes the first channel response, H denotes a second channel response, A H denotes a conjugate transpose of A, a n denotes a reflection amplitude or a reflection phase corresponding to an nth first frequency of the N first frequencies, σ 2 is a noise power, I is an identity matrix.

14. The method according to any one of claims 8-13, characterized in that, The method further comprises: sending a measurement result to a third communication device, the measurement result comprising positioning information determined according to the first channel response.

15. The method according to any one of claims 8-14, characterized in that, The method further comprises: sending request information, the request information being used to request a first communication device to report amplitude and phase information.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, The request information comprises frequency information.

17. The method according to any one of claims 8-15, characterized in that, The amplitude and phase information comprises information of the plurality of frequencies and at least one of a reflection amplitude or a reflection phase corresponding to each of the plurality of frequencies.

18. The method according to any one of claims 8-17, characterized in that, The second communication device is a base station or a distributed unit (DU).

19. A communications device, characterized by The chip comprises a module for performing the method of any of claims 1-7, or the chip comprises a module for performing the method of any of claims 8-18.

20. A communications device, characterized by comprising a processor and a transceiver for transceiving information, the processor configured to cause the communication device to implement the method of any of claims 1-7, or the processor configured to cause the communication device to implement the method of any of claims 8-18.

21. A chip, characterized by comprising a logic circuit and an interface, the logic circuit and the interface coupled; the interface for inputting and / or outputting information, the logic circuit configured to cause the chip to implement the method of any of claims 1-7, or the logic circuit configured to cause the chip to implement the method of any of claims 8-18.

22. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, the computer readable storage medium for storing a computer program that, when implemented, causes the method of any of claims 1-7 to be performed, or the method of any of claims 8-18 to be performed.

23. A computer program product, characterised in that, the computer program product, when implemented, causes the method of any of claims 1-7 to be performed, or the method of any of claims 8-18 to be performed.

24. A communication system, characterized by comprising a first communication device configured to perform the method of any of claims 1-7, and a second communication device configured to perform the method of any of claims 8-18.

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