Cell membrane nano-vesicle filtering, enriching and collecting device and method for improving filtering rate

Abstract

The invention relates to a cell membrane nano-vesicle filtering, enriching and collecting device and method capable of improving the filtering rate, and relates to the technical field of biomedical engineering and nanometers.The cell membrane nano-vesicle filtering, enriching and collecting device comprises a frame body, a feeding hose is fixed to one end of the frame body, a peristaltic pump is arranged on the feeding hose, and a discharging pipe is fixed to the other end of the frame body; a frame groove is formed in the middle of the frame body, and an acidity meter is arranged in the middle of the frame body; a driving motor is fixed to one side of the frame body, a fixing rod is fixed to the driving end of the driving motor, and a connecting structure is arranged on the fixing rod. The fixing rod is driven by the driving motor to rotate, on one hand, the vibration anti-blocking effect is achieved, the practicability of the enrichment and collection device is improved, on the other hand, the negative pressure acceleration effect is achieved, the working efficiency of the enrichment and collection device is improved, and on the other hand, the real-time cleaning effect is achieved; the use convenience and the continuous operation stability of the enriching and collecting device are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of biomedical engineering and nanomaterials technology, specifically to a cell membrane nanovesicle filtration enrichment and collection device and method for improving filtration rate. Background Technology

[0002] Cell membrane nanovesicles (such as exosomes), as key carriers of intercellular communication, have shown irreplaceable application potential in biomedical fields such as disease diagnostic biomarker screening, targeted drug delivery, and cell function regulation, and have become a core research hotspot in this field in recent years. Their natural biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and targeting advantages have made them highly sought after in clinical translation and industrial applications, while efficient and high-quality separation and purification technologies are the core prerequisites for promoting their transition from laboratory research to practical applications.

[0003] Current mainstream nanovesicle separation technologies all have insurmountable limitations: ultracentrifugation, although considered the "gold standard," requires several hours to several days for a single separation, is time-consuming, relies on high-end equipment, and results in high experimental costs; size exclusion chromatography and polymer precipitation can significantly shorten separation time, but are prone to vesicle structure damage and decreased biological activity due to interference from chemical reagents or mechanical stress during operation, and separation purity is also difficult to guarantee; microfluidic technology and immunoaffinity capture can achieve targeted separation and improve specificity, but the former has the shortcoming of low throughput, and the latter relies on expensive specific antibodies, neither of which can meet the application requirements of large-scale preparation, ultimately greatly reducing the practicality of related enrichment and collection devices and making them difficult to adapt to the industrial application needs of the biopharmaceutical field.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a cell membrane nanovesicle filtration enrichment and collection device and method to improve the filtration rate and solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cell membrane nanovesicle filtration enrichment and collection device and method to improve the filtration rate, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a cell membrane nanovesicle filtration enrichment and collection device for improving filtration rate, comprising a frame, a feed hose fixed at one end of the frame, a peristaltic pump provided on the feed hose, a discharge pipe fixed at the other end of the frame, a frame groove opened in the middle of the frame, and a pH meter provided in the middle of the frame;

[0007] A drive motor is fixed to one side of the frame, and a fixed rod is fixed to the drive end of the drive motor. A connecting structure is provided on the fixed rod, and a pre-filter and a main filter membrane are provided on the connecting structure. The connecting structure can move back and forth with the pre-filter and the main filter membrane in the direction of the frame groove height to vibrate and prevent the pre-filter and the main filter membrane from clogging.

[0008] Preferably, the connection structure includes a fixed plate, a driving rod is fixed to one side of the fixed plate, a sliding frame is slidably connected to the outer surface of the driving rod, a groove is provided in the middle of one side of the sliding frame, an installation groove is provided in the middle of the sliding frame, a pre-filter is provided on one side of the installation groove, and a main filter membrane is provided on the other side of the installation groove.

[0009] Preferably, the middle part of the fixed plate is fixed to one end of the fixed rod, the edge of the fixed plate away from the fixed rod is fixed to one end of the driving rod, the outer surface of the driving rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the groove, the groove passes through the middle of one side of the sliding frame, and the outer surface of the sliding frame is slidably connected to the inner wall of the frame groove.

[0010] Preferably, the pre-filter is disposed on one side of the mounting groove, the main filter membrane is disposed on the other side of the mounting groove, and the pre-filter is disposed on the side near the feed hose.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting rod is fixed to one side of the sliding frame, a connecting bracket is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the connecting rod, a guide rod is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting bracket, a slider is fixed to one end of the guide rod, a sliding block is fixed to the other end of the slider, a through groove is provided in the middle of the sliding block, a fixed seat is fixed to the middle of one side of the through groove, stabilizing rods are fixed to both sides of the through groove, a flip plate is rotatably connected to the outer surface of both stabilizing rods, and a through groove is provided on one side of the frame groove.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the connecting rod is fixed to one side of the sliding frame, the outer surface of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting frame, the other end of the connecting frame is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the guide rod, one end of the guide rod is fixed to one end of the slider, the other end of the slider is fixed to the middle of one side of the sliding block, the outer surface of the slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the through groove, and the outer surface of the sliding frame is slidably connected to the inner wall of the frame groove.

[0013] Preferably, the side of the fixed base is fixed to the middle of one side of the through groove, the through groove passes through the middle of the sliding block, the two ends of the two stabilizer rods are fixed to the middle of both sides of the sliding block, the outer surfaces of the two stabilizer rods are rotatably connected to the opposite ends of the two flip plates, and the outer surfaces of the near ends of the two flip plates are in contact with the outer surface of the fixed base.

[0014] Preferably, a limiting groove is provided on one side of the mounting groove, a cleaning frame is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove, a plurality of interval grooves are provided in the middle of the cleaning frame, a support rod is fixed in the middle of the cleaning frame, a connecting frame is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the support rod, and a connecting rod is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting frame.

[0015] Preferably, the outer surface of the cleaning frame is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove, a plurality of the interval grooves pass through the middle of the cleaning frame, the outer surface of the cleaning frame is slidably connected to the outer surface of the pre-filter, one end of the support rod is fixed to the middle of one side of the cleaning frame, the outer surface of the support rod is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting frame, the other end of the connecting frame is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixed to one side of the frame groove.

[0016] A method for improving the filtration rate of cell membrane nanovesicles through filtration enrichment and collection, achieved using the aforementioned cell membrane nanovesicle filtration enrichment and collection device, includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Sample Injection: Cell membrane nanovesicle samples are stably delivered through the feed tubing controlled by a peristaltic pump;

[0018] S2. Processing: After the sample passes through the pre-filter to remove large particulate impurities, it is enriched into vesicles through the main filter membrane. During the process, the drive motor drives the main filter membrane to vibrate to prevent clogging. At the same time, it drives the sliding block and the cleaning frame to slide to form a stable negative pressure to accelerate filtration and clean the blockage on the filter membrane surface. Combined with the pH meter to monitor and adjust the system parameters in real time, the activity of vesicles and enrichment efficiency are ensured.

[0019] S3. Sample collection: The enriched product is discharged from the discharge pipe into the pre-cooling collection bottle.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] (1) The present invention drives the fixed rod to rotate by a drive motor, so that the fixed rod, fixed plate, drive rod, sliding frame, groove, mounting groove, pre-filter and main filter membrane work together to achieve the effect of vibration anti-clogging. No additional chemical reagents are needed, and no mechanical stress that damages vesicles is generated. While reducing equipment and labor costs, it effectively shortens the separation time and ensures the purity of vesicle separation, meeting the application requirements of large-scale preparation, thereby significantly improving the practicality of the enrichment and collection device.

[0022] (2) The present invention drives the fixed rod to rotate by driving the motor, so that the connecting rod, connecting frame, guide rod, slider, sliding block, through groove, fixed seat, stabilizing rod, flip plate and through groove work together to achieve the effect of negative pressure acceleration, effectively improve the filtration flow rate, and thus significantly improve the working efficiency of the enrichment and collection device.

[0023] (3) The present invention drives the fixed rod to rotate by driving the motor, so that the limiting groove, cleaning frame, interval groove, support rod, connecting frame and connecting rod work together to achieve real-time cleaning effect without the need for staff to frequently stop the machine to disassemble and clean, thereby significantly improving the convenience of use and continuous operation stability of the enrichment and collection device. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top sectional view of the frame of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure of section A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a front sectional view of the frame of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure of section B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure of section C;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Feed hose; 3. Peristaltic pump; 4. Discharge pipe; 5. Frame groove; 6. pH meter; 7. Drive motor; 8. Fixed rod; 9. Fixed plate; 10. Drive rod; 11. Sliding frame; 12. Groove; 13. Mounting groove; 14. Pre-filter; 15. Main filter membrane; 16. Connecting rod; 17. Connecting frame; 18. Guide rod; 19. Sliding block; 20. Sliding block; 21. Through groove; 22. Fixed seat; 23. Stabilizing rod; 24. Tilting plate; 25. Through groove; 26. Limiting groove; 27. Cleaning frame; 28. Spacing groove; 29. ​​Support rod; 30. Connecting frame; 31. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] This embodiment provides a cell membrane nanovesicle filtration enrichment and collection device to improve the filtration rate;

[0036] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, the device includes a frame 1, with a feed hose 2 fixed to one end and a peristaltic pump 3 mounted on the feed hose 2. A discharge pipe 4 is fixed to the other end of the frame 1. A frame groove 5 is formed in the middle of the frame 1, and a pH meter 6 is installed in the middle of the frame 1. The detection end of the pH meter 6 extends into the frame 1. A drive motor 7 is fixed to one side of the frame 1, and a fixed rod 8 is fixed to the drive end of the drive motor 7. A connecting structure is provided on the fixed rod 8, including a fixed plate 9. A driving rod 10 is fixed to one side of the fixed plate 9, and a sliding frame 11 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the driving rod 10. A groove 12 is formed in the middle of one side of the sliding frame 11, and an installation groove 13 is formed in the middle of the sliding frame 11. A pre-filter 14 is installed on one side of the installation groove 13, and a main filter membrane 15 is installed on the other side of the installation groove 13. The pH meter 6 is preferably a Hefei Zhuoer AD18-1000C type online pH meter, which can simultaneously monitor pH and temperature and assist in indirect pH adjustment, but does not have the function of directly adjusting temperature. The instrument is equipped with a high-performance CPU and a high-precision AD conversion chip, enabling precise multi-parameter synchronous measurement. Relevant data is displayed synchronously and intuitively on a full-color screen, fully meeting users' real-time monitoring needs for solution pH and temperature. Regarding temperature-related functions, its core function is temperature compensation rather than temperature regulation. It supports automatic temperature compensation, automatically correcting pH measurement results based on detected temperature data, effectively reducing the impact of temperature changes on measurement accuracy. As for pH adjustment, the instrument itself cannot directly change the solution pH, but it can achieve indirect adjustment through signal output in conjunction with an external system. It is equipped with an isolated current output, with a customizable corresponding pH value. An optional RS485 communication module is available, and two sets of ON / OFF relays allow for flexible setting of high and low pH alarm limits. When the monitored value exceeds the set range, the relays trigger an alarm and output a control signal, linking with external acid / alkali dosing equipment, thereby indirectly controlling the pH value.

[0037] Please refer to it again. Figure 1 - Figure 8As shown, the middle of the fixed plate 9 is fixed to one end of the fixed rod 8, and the edge of the fixed plate 9 away from the fixed rod 8 is fixed to one end of the driving rod 10. The outer surface of the driving rod 10 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the groove 12. The groove 12 passes through the middle of one side of the sliding frame 11. The outer surface of the sliding frame 11 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the frame groove 5. The pre-filter 14 is set on one side of the mounting groove 13, and the main filter membrane 15 is set on the other side of the mounting groove 13. The pre-filter 14 is set on the side close to the feed hose 2. The pre-filter 14 and the main filter membrane 15 are driven to move back and forth rapidly, forming a high frequency. Micro-vibration can shake off newly accumulated impurities on the surface of the filter material in real time, preventing impurities from forming a dense filter cake layer on the membrane surface and clogging the pores. At this time, the impurities can be retained in the gap space between the peristaltic pump 3 and the pre-filter 14. After use, simply pump clean water in through the peristaltic pump 3, and then use its reverse function to drive the clean water backflow to flush out the retained impurities, thus completing the cleaning operation. At the same time, vibration can also optimize the uniformity of sample distribution on the filter membrane surface, reduce the excessive accumulation of impurities in some areas, and keep the filtration channel unobstructed at all times.

[0038] The specific implementation process is as follows: First, the peristaltic pump 3, in conjunction with the feed hose 2, stably delivers the cell membrane nanovesicle sample into the rack slot 5 of the rack body 1; then, the drive motor 7 drives the fixed rod 8 to rotate, causing the fixed disk 9 connected to the other end of the fixed rod 8 to rotate synchronously, thereby causing the drive rod 10 fixed on one side of the fixed disk 9 to perform eccentric circular motion. Under the limiting cooperation of the groove 12, the drive rod 10, which performs eccentric motion, pulls the sliding frame 11 to slide back and forth along the rack slot 5, thereby causing the pre-filter 14 and the main filter membrane 15 in the mounting groove 13 in the middle of the sliding frame 11 to perform synchronous high-frequency up and down reciprocating motion. The rapid reciprocating motion of the pre-filter 14 and the main filter membrane 15 creates a vibration effect, which can shake off impurities attached to the surface of the filter material in real time. At the same time, the pH meter 6 installed in the middle of the frame 1 can monitor and precisely adjust the pH value and temperature of the system in real time, achieving the effect of vibration-induced clogging. No additional chemical reagents are needed, and no mechanical stress that would damage the vesicles is generated. Compared with conventional vibration modes, the micro-motion of this scheme can avoid stress damage to the vesicle structure from the source. While reducing equipment and labor costs, it can effectively shorten the separation time, ensure the purity of vesicle separation, meet the application requirements of large-scale preparation, and thus significantly improve the practicality of the enrichment and collection device.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] In existing filtration-based separation technologies, filter membranes are highly susceptible to clogging due to impurity accumulation, directly leading to a sharp drop in filtration rate and impaired separation efficiency. This not only further restricts the large-scale and efficient separation of nanovesicles but also fails to meet the actual needs of the biomedical field for rapid enrichment of nanovesicles. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the filtration flow rate through technological optimization to enhance the overall efficiency of the enrichment and collection device.

[0041] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, a negative pressure acceleration function has been added based on Embodiment 1;

[0042] Please refer to it again. Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, a connecting rod 16 is fixed to one side of the sliding frame 11, and a connecting frame 17 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the connecting rod 16. A guide rod 18 is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting frame 17. A slider 19 is fixed to one end of the guide rod 18, and a sliding block 20 is fixed to the other end of the slider 19. A through groove 21 is provided in the middle of the sliding block 20, and a fixed seat 22 is fixed to the middle of one side of the through groove 21. Stabilizing rods 23 are fixed to both sides of the through groove 21, and flip plates 24 are rotatably connected to the outer surfaces of both stabilizing rods 23. A through groove 25 is provided on one side of the frame groove 5. One end of the connecting rod 16 is fixed to one side of the sliding frame 11, and the outer surface of the connecting rod 16 is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 17. One end of the connecting frame 17 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the guide rod 18. One end of the guide rod 18 is fixed to one end of the slider 19. The other end of the slider 19 is fixed to the middle of one side of the sliding block 20. The outer surface of the slider 19 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the through groove 25. The outer surface of the sliding frame 11 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the frame groove 5. The side of the fixed seat 22 is fixed to the middle of one side of the through groove 21. The through groove 21 passes through the middle of the sliding block 20. The two ends of the two stabilizing rods 23 are fixed to the middle of both sides of the sliding block 20. The outer surfaces of the two stabilizing rods 23 are rotatably connected to the opposite ends of the two flip plates 24. The outer surfaces of the near ends of the two flip plates 24 are in contact with the outer surface of the fixed seat 22.

[0043] The specific implementation process is as follows: The drive motor 7 drives the fixed rod 8 to rotate, causing the fixed disk 9 connected to the fixed rod 8 to rotate accordingly. The driving rod 10 on one side of the fixed disk 9, in cooperation with the groove 12, pulls the sliding frame 11 to slide back and forth along the frame groove 5. The sliding frame 11, which slides back and forth, drives the connecting rod 16 fixed on one side to move back and forth synchronously. The connecting rod 16 is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 17 through its outer surface, which drives the guide rod 18 rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting frame 17 to move. The slider 19 fixed at the other end of the guide rod 18 slides back and forth synchronously under the limiting action of the through groove 25 in the middle of the frame groove 5, thereby driving the sliding block 20 fixed at one end of the slider 19 to slide along the inner wall of the frame groove 5.

[0044] One-way feed valves and one-way discharge valves are respectively installed at the inlet and outlet of the trough 5. When the sliding block 20 moves away from the sliding frame 11, the flip plate 24, which is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the two stabilizing rods 23 in the middle through groove 21, is squeezed by the fluid and comes closer to each other and fits against the fixed seat 22 on one side of the through groove 21, forming a closed structure. At this time, the one-way feed valve opens and the one-way discharge valve closes. The movement of the sliding block 20 causes the volume of the filter chamber in the trough 5 to expand, forming a stable negative pressure, which accelerates the intake of the sample at the feed end and the filtration efficiency of the filter membrane. When the sliding block 20 moves closer to the sliding frame 11, the one-way feed valve closes and the one-way discharge valve opens. The flip plate 24 is squeezed by the fluid and opens around the stabilizing rod 23. The movement of the sliding block 20 pushes the filtered product out of the discharge pipe 4. This cycle repeats continuously, with the opening and closing of the one-way valve and the reciprocating motion of the sliding block 20 working together to create a periodic and stable negative pressure difference in the open system, effectively increasing the filtration flow rate and thus significantly improving the working efficiency of the enrichment and collection device.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] Furthermore, once the filter membrane becomes clogged, staff need to periodically stop the machine to disassemble and clean it. This not only interrupts the separation process and extends the overall operation time, but also increases manual maintenance costs and operational complexity, causing numerous inconveniences in actual use. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a mechanism that can clean the blockage in real time, avoiding downtime while reducing manual intervention, thereby significantly improving the ease of use and continuous operational stability of the enrichment and collection device.

[0047] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, a real-time cleaning function has been added based on Embodiment 1;

[0048] Please refer to it again. Figure 1 - Figure 8As shown, a limiting groove 26 is provided on one side of the installation groove 13. A cleaning frame 27 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove 26. Several interval grooves 28 are provided in the middle of the cleaning frame 27. A support rod 29 is fixed in the middle of the cleaning frame 27. A connecting frame 30 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the support rod 29. A connecting rod 31 is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting frame 30. The outer surface of the cleaning frame 27 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove 26. Several interval grooves 28 pass through the middle of the cleaning frame 27. The outer surface of the cleaning frame 27 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the pre-filter 14. One end of the support rod 29 is fixed in the middle of one side of the cleaning frame 27. The outer surface of the support rod 29 is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting frame 30. The other end of the connecting frame 30 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the connecting rod 31. The other end of the connecting rod 31 is fixed in one side of the frame groove 5. The cleaning frame 27 accurately cleans away the remaining impurities and blockages that fall off due to vibration. Through its reciprocating left-right movement, combined with the comb-shaped interstices 28, it can penetrate deep into the filter pores on the surface of the pre-filter 14 to scrape off stubborn impurities that are firmly adsorbed and cannot be shaken off by vibration.

[0049] The specific implementation process is as follows: The drive motor 7 drives the fixed rod 8 to rotate, and the fixed plate 9 connected to the fixed rod 8 rotates accordingly. The driving rod 10 on one side of the fixed plate 9, in cooperation with the groove 12, drives the sliding frame 11 to slide back and forth along the frame groove 5. The sliding frame 11, which slides back and forth, drives the cleaning frame 27, which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove 26, to move synchronously, relying on the limiting groove 26 opened on one side of the middle mounting groove 13. During movement, the cleaning frame 27 is driven by the support rod 29 fixed in its middle and the connecting frame 30 rotatably connected to the outer surface of the support rod 29; the other end of the connecting frame 30 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 31 fixed on the frame groove 5. Under the limiting action of the connecting rod 31, when the sliding frame 11 moves vertically up and down along the frame groove 5, the cleaning frame 27 moves horizontally left and right at the same time. The cleaning frame 27 uses the comb-shaped notches formed by several interval slots 28 to accurately scrape and clean the blockages attached to the surface of the pre-filter 14, thereby cleaning the filter impurities on the surface of the pre-filter 14 in the installation groove 13 in real time, achieving the effect of real-time cleaning. There is no need for the staff to frequently stop the machine to disassemble and clean, thus significantly improving the convenience of use and the stability of continuous operation of the enrichment and collection device.

[0050] A method for improving the filtration rate of cell membrane nanovesicles through filtration enrichment and collection includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. Sample introduction: The peristaltic pump 3 controls the feed hose 2 to stably deliver cell membrane nanovesicle samples;

[0052] S2. Processing: After the sample passes through the pre-filter 14 to remove large particulate impurities, it is enriched into vesicles through the main filter membrane 15. During the process, the drive motor 7 drives the main filter membrane 15 to vibrate to prevent clogging. At the same time, it drives the sliding block 20 and the cleaning frame 27 to slide to form a stable negative pressure to accelerate filtration and clean the blockage on the filter membrane surface. Combined with the pH meter 6, the system parameters are monitored and adjusted in real time to ensure vesicle activity and enrichment efficiency.

[0053] S3, Sample collection: The enriched product is discharged from the discharge pipe 4 into the pre-cooling collection bottle.

[0054] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cell membrane nanovesicle filtration enrichment and collection device for improving filtration rate, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: One end of the frame (1) is fixed with a feed hose (2), a peristaltic pump (3) is installed on the feed hose (2), the other end of the frame (1) is fixed with a discharge pipe (4), a frame groove (5) is opened in the middle of the frame (1), and a pH meter (6) is installed in the middle of the frame (1). A drive motor (7) is fixed on one side of the frame (1), and a fixed rod (8) is fixed on the drive end of the drive motor (7). A connecting structure is provided on the fixed rod (8), and a pre-filter (14) and a main filter membrane (15) are provided on the connecting structure. The connecting structure can move the pre-filter (14) and the main filter membrane (15) back and forth in the height direction of the frame groove (5) to vibrate and prevent the pre-filter (14) and the main filter membrane (15) from clogging.

2. The cell membrane nanovesicle filtration enrichment and collection device for improving filtration rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection structure includes a fixed plate (9), a driving rod (10) is fixed on one side of the fixed plate (9), a sliding frame (11) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the driving rod (10), a groove (12) is provided in the middle of one side of the sliding frame (11), an installation groove (13) is provided in the middle of the sliding frame (11), a pre-filter (14) is provided on one side of the installation groove (13), and a main filter membrane (15) is provided on the other side of the installation groove (13).

3. The cell membrane nanovesicle filtration enrichment and collection device for improving filtration rate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The middle part of the fixed plate (9) is fixed to one end of the fixed rod (8), and the edge of the fixed plate (9) away from the fixed rod (8) is fixed to one end of the driving rod (10). The outer surface of the driving rod (10) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the groove (12). The groove (12) passes through the middle part of one side of the sliding frame (11). The outer surface of the sliding frame (11) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the frame groove (5).

4. The cell membrane nanovesicle filtration enrichment and collection device for improving filtration rate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pre-filter (14) is located on one side of the mounting groove (13), the main filter membrane (15) is located on the other side of the mounting groove (13), and the pre-filter (14) is located on the side near the feed hose (2).

5. The cell membrane nanovesicle filtration enrichment and collection device for improving filtration rate according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting rod (16) is fixed on one side of the sliding frame (11). A connecting frame (17) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the connecting rod (16). A guide rod (18) is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting frame (17). A slider (19) is fixed to one end of the guide rod (18). A sliding block (20) is fixed to the other end of the slider (19). A through groove (21) is provided in the middle of the sliding block (20). A fixed seat (22) is fixed in the middle of one side of the through groove (21). Stable rods (23) are fixed on both sides of the through groove (21). A flip plate (24) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of both stable rods (23). A through groove (25) is provided on one side of the frame groove (5).

6. The cell membrane nanovesicle filtration enrichment and collection device for improving filtration rate according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the connecting rod (16) is fixed to one side of the sliding frame (11), the outer surface of the connecting rod (16) is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting frame (17), the other end of the connecting frame (17) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the guide rod (18), one end of the guide rod (18) is fixed to one end of the slider (19), the other end of the slider (19) is fixed to the middle of one side of the sliding block (20), the outer surface of the slider (19) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the through groove (25), and the outer surface of the sliding frame (11) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the frame groove (5).

7. The cell membrane nanovesicle filtration enrichment and collection device for improving filtration rate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed seat (22) is fixed to the middle of one side of the through groove (21), the through groove (21) passes through the middle of the sliding block (20), the two stabilizer rods (23) are fixed at both ends to the middle of both sides of the sliding block (20), the outer surfaces of the two stabilizer rods (23) are rotatably connected to the opposite ends of the two flip plates (24), and the outer surfaces of the near ends of the two flip plates (24) are in contact with the outer surface of the fixed seat (22).

8. The cell membrane nanovesicle filtration enrichment and collection device for improving filtration rate according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting groove (26) is provided on one side of the mounting groove (13). A cleaning frame (27) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove (26). Several interval grooves (28) are provided in the middle of the cleaning frame (27). A support rod (29) is fixed in the middle of the cleaning frame (27). A connecting frame (30) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the support rod (29). A connecting rod (31) is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting frame (30).

9. The cell membrane nanovesicle filtration enrichment and collection device for improving filtration rate according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer surface of the cleaning frame (27) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove (26), and several interval grooves (28) pass through the middle of the cleaning frame (27). The outer surface of the cleaning frame (27) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the pre-filter (14). One end of the support rod (29) is fixed to the middle of one side of the cleaning frame (27), and the outer surface of the support rod (29) is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting frame (30). The other end of the connecting frame (30) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the connecting rod (31), and the other end of the connecting rod (31) is fixed to one side of the frame groove (5).

10. A method for improving the filtration rate of cell membrane nanovesicles through filtration, enrichment, and collection, comprising the cell membrane nanovesicle filtration, enrichment, and collection device for improving the filtration rate as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Sample introduction: The peristaltic pump (3) controls the feed hose (2) to stably deliver cell membrane nanovesicle samples; S2, Processing: After the sample passes through the pre-filter (14) to remove large particulate impurities, it is enriched into vesicles through the main filter membrane (15). During the process, the drive motor (7) drives the main filter membrane (15) to vibrate to achieve vibration anti-clogging. At the same time, it drives the sliding block (20) and the cleaning rack (27) to slide to form a stable negative pressure to accelerate filtration and clean the blockage on the filter membrane surface. Combined with the pH meter (6) to monitor and adjust the system parameters in real time, the activity of vesicles and enrichment efficiency are guaranteed. S3, Sample collection: The enriched product is discharged from the discharge pipe (4) into the pre-cooling collection bottle.

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