Garbage classification treatment device

Abstract

The invention discloses a garbage classification treatment device and relates to the technical field of garbage treatment.The garbage classification treatment device comprises a bottom box, a top box, a smashing mechanism and a classification treatment mechanism, the top box is arranged on the upper portion of the bottom box, a feeding port is formed in one side of the upper end of the top box, a discharging port is formed in the lower end of the top box, and the smashing mechanism is arranged on the top box; and the classification treatment mechanism is arranged in the bottom box. By adopting a composite screening mode of up-down vibration and left-right sliding, an air cylinder drives a driving rod to drive a movable frame to slide left and right in a reciprocating mode, meanwhile, a driving plate is driven to swing in a reciprocating mode to achieve up-down lifting vibration of a screening box, and the screening speed of garbage particles is greatly increased in cooperation with the buffering effect of a spring; and the screening efficiency is obviously improved. And the dredging assembly is additionally arranged, so that a driving power source does not need to be additionally arranged, the sieve pores can be effectively prevented from being blocked by garbage particles, the trouble of frequent shutdown for manual dredging is avoided, and the continuity and stability of equipment operation are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of waste treatment, and more specifically to a waste sorting and treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the total amount of construction waste generated by construction projects, demolition and renovation activities has increased significantly. Resource recycling of construction waste has become an important measure to practice the concept of green development and alleviate resource shortages and environmental pressure. Construction waste mainly consists of various components such as concrete blocks, brick and tile fragments, sand and gravel particles, and waste mortar. Its particles are irregular in shape and complex in composition, and some particles have sticky substances such as mud and dust adhering to their surfaces. Precise screening and classification are necessary to achieve efficient resource utilization, improve the quality and utilization value of recycled aggregates, and meet the requirements of downstream high-value applications.

[0003] Currently, existing construction waste processing equipment generally suffers from the following problems: On the one hand, the screening mechanism of existing equipment mostly adopts a single vibrating screening method, which can only achieve simple coarse separation of coarse and fine particles. It cannot fully disperse and stratify construction waste particles through multi-dimensional motion, resulting in incomplete screening and low classification accuracy. On the other hand, particles are prone to sticking together and getting stuck in the screen holes during the screening process, causing screen blockage. Operators need to frequently stop the machine for manual cleaning, which not only interrupts the processing flow and reduces processing efficiency, but also increases the labor intensity and maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waste sorting and processing device to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

[0005] A waste sorting and processing device includes a bottom box, a top box, a crushing mechanism, and a sorting and processing mechanism. The top box is located above the bottom box, with an inlet on one side of the upper end of the top box and an outlet at the lower end of the top box. The crushing mechanism is located on the top box and is used to crush the waste entering the top box; The sorting and processing mechanism is located in the bottom box and is used to screen and sort the crushed waste particles.

[0006] Preferably, the crushing mechanism includes crushing rollers and a right-angle motor. Two crushing rollers are provided and rotatably connected to the top box respectively. One end of each of the two crushing rollers is provided with a gear one that meshes with each other. The right-angle motor is mounted on the bottom box and a gear two is mounted on its output shaft. The gear two meshes with a gear three on one of the crushing rollers.

[0007] Preferably, the sorting and processing mechanism includes a movable frame, a fixed frame, a sieve box, a drive plate, a cylinder, and a dredging assembly. A box cover is hinged to the side of the base box via hinges, and the box cover is detachably connected to the base box via several industrial fasteners. The two sides of the movable frame are slidably connected to guide plates on both sides of the inner wall of the base box via slide rails. The fixed frame is disposed within the movable frame and connected to the movable frame via springs. The sieve box is disposed within the fixed frame and has several filter holes evenly distributed on it. Several threaded connections are made to the fixed frame to abut against the sieve box. The drive plate is an "L"-shaped structure with two symmetrically arranged on both sides of the moving frame. The drive plate is hinged to the inner wall of the base box via a pin. The cylinder is installed on the outside of the base box and has a drive rod on its piston rod. Each end of the drive rod has a plug that inserts into the drive groove on the corresponding drive plate. The drive rod is connected to the moving frame via a connecting plate. A material holding box is located below the drive plate. The unblocking component is located below the moving frame and cleans the filter holes of the screen box under the drive of the cylinder. Preferably, the unblocking assembly includes a fixed ring, a turntable, cleaning brushes, and a movable plate. The fixed ring is connected to the inner wall of the base box via a support plate. The turntable is rotatably connected to the fixed ring. Several cleaning brushes are evenly distributed along the side of the turntable. The movable plate is slidably connected to a guide block on the support plate, and one end of the movable plate is connected to a drive rod. The other end of the movable plate is provided with a drive frame. The turntable is provided with a second insert rod that is inserted into a slot on the drive frame.

[0008] Preferably, the top box is provided with a guide hopper at the discharge port.

[0009] Preferably, the top box is provided with a protective cover on the outside of the two gears.

[0010] Preferably, four springs are provided and located at the four corners of the fixed frame and the movable frame, respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the lid has a handle on its side.

[0012] Preferably, there are two connecting plates symmetrically arranged on the drive rod.

[0013] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows: 1. This application integrates the crushing mechanism and the sorting and processing mechanism into the top box and bottom box, respectively. After the garbage is put in, it is crushed into uniform fine particles by the crushing mechanism, and then accurately guided into the screen box for screening through the guide bucket. The sorting and processing mechanism adopts a composite screening mode of up-and-down vibration and left-and-right sliding. The cylinder drives the drive rod to drive the moving frame to slide back and forth left and right, and at the same time drives the drive plate to swing back and forth to realize the up-and-down vibration of the screen box. With the buffering effect of the spring, the screening speed of garbage particles is greatly accelerated. Compared with the single vibration screening mode, the screening efficiency is significantly improved.

[0014] 2. This invention adds a dredging component to the sorting and processing mechanism. Utilizing the driving power of a cylinder, it synchronously drives the moving plate and drive frame to reciprocate, thereby driving the turntable to rotate around the fixed ring. This ensures that the cleaning brushes evenly distributed on the side of the turntable contact and rotate with the bottom of the screen box in real time, achieving dynamic cleaning of the screen box filter holes. This design eliminates the need for an additional driving power source, effectively preventing the screen holes from being clogged by garbage particles, avoiding the inconvenience of frequent shutdowns for manual dredging, and ensuring the continuity and stability of equipment operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one side of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure on the other side of the entire invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention without the protective cover installed.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention without the cover installed.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the classification and processing mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the upper part of the classification and processing mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lower part of the classification and processing mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the upper side of the unblocking component of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the lower side of the unblocking component of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Base box; 11. Box cover; 12. Handle; 13. Industrial buckle; 2. Top box; 21. Guide hopper; 3. Crushing mechanism; 31. Crushing roller; 32. Gear 1; 33. Right-angle motor; 34. Gear 2; 35. Gear 3; 36. Protective cover; 4. Sorting and processing mechanism; 41. Moving frame; 411. Slide rail; 412. Guide plate; 42. Fixed frame; 421. Spring; 422. Tightening screw; 43. Screen box; 44. Drive plate; 441. Drive slot; 45. Cylinder; 46. Drive rod; 461. Insert rod 1; 47. Connecting plate; 48. Material box; 49. Unblocking component; 491. Fixing ring; 492. Support plate; 493. Turntable; 494. Cleaning brush; 495. Moving plate; 496. Drive frame; 497. Slot; 498. Insert rod 2. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims and drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0027] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of the phrase "embodiment" in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0028] Example 1 like Figure 1-9 As shown, this embodiment provides a waste sorting and processing device, including a bottom box 1, a top box 2, a crushing mechanism 3, and a sorting and processing mechanism 4. The top box 2 is located above the bottom box 1. A feed inlet is provided on one side of the upper end of the top box 2, and a discharge outlet is provided at the lower end of the top box 2. A guide bucket 21 is provided at the discharge outlet of the top box 2 to ensure that the crushed waste particles can be guided into the screen box 43 below, thus avoiding material splashing. In addition, the crushing mechanism 3 is located on the top box 2 and is used to crush the garbage entering the top box 2. The crushing mechanism 3 includes a crushing roller 31 and a right-angle motor 33. There are two crushing rollers 31 and they are rotatably connected to the top box 2 respectively. One end of each of the two crushing rollers 31 is provided with a gear 32 that meshes with each other. The right-angle motor 33 is mounted on the base box 1 and a gear 34 is mounted on its output shaft. The gear 34 meshes with a gear 35 on one of the crushing rollers 31. The power is transmitted to the two crushing rollers 31 through the gear set to achieve the crushing of waste. In addition, the sorting and processing mechanism 4 is located in the bottom box 1 and is used to screen and classify the crushed waste particles. The sorting and processing mechanism 4 includes a moving frame 41, a fixed frame 42, a screen box 43, a drive plate 44, a cylinder 45, and a dredging component 49. The side of the bottom box 1 is hinged with a box cover 11. The box cover 11 is detachably connected to the bottom box 1 by several industrial buckles 13. The side of the box cover 11 is provided with a handle 12 for easy opening and closing. The two sides of the moving frame 41 are slidably connected to the guide plates 412 on both sides of the inner wall of the bottom box 1 by slide rails 411. The fixed frame 42 is located in the moving frame 41 and is connected to the moving frame 41 by springs 421. There are four springs 421, which are located at the four corners of the fixed frame 42 and the moving frame 41, respectively, to ensure that the screen box 43 is subjected to uniform force during vibration. Meanwhile, the sieve box 43 is located in the fixed frame 42 and has a number of filter holes evenly distributed on it. The fixed frame 42 is threaded with a number of tightening screws 422 for abutting the sieve box 43 and the fixed frame 42. The drive plate 44 has an "L" shaped structure and has two symmetrically arranged on the lower sides of the movable frame 41. The drive plate 44 is hinged to the inner wall of the bottom box 1 by a pin. The cylinder 45 is installed on the outside of the bottom box 1 and has a drive rod 46 on its piston rod. The two ends of the drive rod 46 are respectively provided with insert rods 461 that are inserted into the drive grooves 441 on the corresponding drive plate 44. The drive rod 46 is connected to the movable frame 41 through a connecting plate 47. The connecting plate 47 has two symmetrically arranged on the drive rod 46. In addition, a material holding box 48 is provided below the drive plate 44, and the unblocking component 49 is located below the movable frame 41 and cleans the filter holes of the screen box 43 under the drive of the cylinder 45. The unblocking component 49 includes a fixed ring 491, a turntable 493, a cleaning brush 494 and a movable plate 495. The fixed ring 491 is connected to the inner wall of the bottom box 1 through the support plate 492. The turntable 493 is rotatably connected to the fixed ring 491. Several cleaning brushes 494 are evenly distributed along the side of the turntable 493. The movable plate 495 is slidably connected to the guide block on the support plate 492 and one end of it is connected to the drive rod 46. The other end of the movable plate 495 is provided with a drive frame 496. The turntable 493 is provided with a second insertion rod 498 inserted into the slot 497 on the drive frame 496, which effectively prevents blockage and ensures continuous screening. The sorting and processing mechanism 4 is driven by cylinder 45 to drive the screen box 43 to vibrate back and forth in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the cleaning filter holes of the unblocking component 49 are used to greatly improve the screening efficiency. Example 2 like Figure 1-9As shown, this embodiment provides a waste sorting and processing device, including a bottom box 1, a top box 2, a crushing mechanism 3, and a sorting and processing mechanism 4. The top box 2 is located above the bottom box 1. A feed inlet is provided on one side of the upper end of the top box 2, and a discharge outlet is provided at the lower end of the top box 2. A guide bucket 21 is provided at the discharge outlet of the top box 2 to ensure that the crushed waste particles can be guided into the screen box 43 below, thus avoiding material splashing. In addition, the crushing mechanism 3 is located on the top box 2 and is used to crush the garbage entering the top box 2. The crushing mechanism 3 includes crushing rollers 31 and right-angle motors 33. There are two crushing rollers 31 and they are rotatably connected to the top box 2. One end of each of the two crushing rollers 31 is provided with a gear 32 that meshes with each other. The top box 2 is provided with a protective cover 36 on the outside of the two gears 32 to prevent garbage fragments and dust from entering the gear meshing area and to prevent operators from contacting the relevant parts. In addition, the right-angle motor 33 is mounted on the base box 1 and a gear 34 is mounted on its output shaft. The gear 34 meshes with a gear 35 on one of the crushing rollers 31. The power is transmitted to the two crushing rollers 31 through the gear set to achieve the crushing of waste. In addition, the sorting and processing mechanism 4 is located in the bottom box 1 and is used to screen and classify the crushed waste particles. The sorting and processing mechanism 4 includes a moving frame 41, a fixed frame 42, a screen box 43, a drive plate 44, a cylinder 45, and a dredging component 49. The side of the bottom box 1 is hinged with a box cover 11. The box cover 11 is detachably connected to the bottom box 1 by several industrial buckles 13. The side of the box cover 11 is provided with a handle 12 for easy opening and closing. The two sides of the moving frame 41 are slidably connected to the guide plates 412 on both sides of the inner wall of the bottom box 1 by slide rails 411. The fixed frame 42 is located in the moving frame 41 and is connected to the moving frame 41 by springs 421. There are four springs 421, which are located at the four corners of the fixed frame 42 and the moving frame 41, respectively, to ensure that the screen box 43 is subjected to uniform force during vibration. Meanwhile, the sieve box 43 is located in the fixed frame 42 and has a number of filter holes evenly distributed on it. The fixed frame 42 is threaded with a number of tightening screws 422 for abutting the sieve box 43 and the fixed frame 42. The drive plate 44 has an "L" shaped structure and has two symmetrically arranged on the lower sides of the movable frame 41. The drive plate 44 is hinged to the inner wall of the bottom box 1 by a pin. The cylinder 45 is installed on the outside of the bottom box 1 and has a drive rod 46 on its piston rod. The two ends of the drive rod 46 are respectively provided with insert rods 461 that are inserted into the drive grooves 441 on the corresponding drive plate 44. The drive rod 46 is connected to the movable frame 41 through a connecting plate 47. The connecting plate 47 has two symmetrically arranged on the drive rod 46. In addition, a material holding box 48 is provided below the drive plate 44, and the unblocking component 49 is located below the movable frame 41 and cleans the filter holes of the screen box 43 under the drive of the cylinder 45. The unblocking component 49 includes a fixed ring 491, a turntable 493, a cleaning brush 494 and a movable plate 495. The fixed ring 491 is connected to the inner wall of the bottom box 1 through the support plate 492. The turntable 493 is rotatably connected to the fixed ring 491. Several cleaning brushes 494 are evenly distributed along the side of the turntable 493. The movable plate 495 is slidably connected to the guide block on the support plate 492 and one end of it is connected to the drive rod 46. The other end of the movable plate 495 is provided with a drive frame 496. The turntable 493 is provided with a second insertion rod 498 inserted into the slot 497 on the drive frame 496, which effectively prevents blockage and ensures continuous screening. The sorting and processing mechanism 4 is driven by cylinder 45 to drive the screen box 43 to vibrate back and forth in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the cleaning filter holes of the unblocking component 49 are used to greatly improve the screening efficiency. Detailed implementation methods and principles: During operation, the waste to be processed is fed into the top box 2 through the feed inlet of the top box 2, and the right-angle motor 33 is started. The output shaft of the right-angle motor 33 drives the gear 2 34 mounted on it to rotate. The gear 35 rotates synchronously with the gear 2 34, which in turn drives the crushing roller 31 to rotate in the top box 2. The other crushing roller 31 is driven by the gear 1 32, realizing the meshing and rotation of the two crushing rollers 31. The waste is crushed into fine particles under the squeezing and shearing action of the two crushing rollers 31. After crushing, the waste particles are discharged through the discharge port at the bottom of the top box 2 and guided into the screen box 43 in the bottom box 1 below through the guide bucket 21. Next, cylinder 45 is started. The piston rod of cylinder 45 drives drive rod 46 to reciprocate linearly. The insert rods 461 at both ends of drive rod 46 drive two drive plates 44 to reciprocate around the pin shaft, causing the screen box 43 to vibrate up and down. The spring 421 on the moving frame 41 provides buffering. At the same time, drive rod 46 drives moving frame 41 to slide left and right along slide rails 411 on guide plates 412 on both sides of the inner wall of bottom box 1, accelerating the screening efficiency of garbage particles. The filter holes on screen box 43 classify the crushed garbage particles. Garbage particles with a diameter smaller than the filter holes fall into the lower holding box 48 through the filter holes, while garbage particles with a diameter larger than the filter holes remain in screen box 43, achieving preliminary screening and classification of garbage particles. During the movement of the cylinder 45 driving the drive rod 46, the drive rod 46 simultaneously drives the moving plate 495 to move, and the drive frame 496 on the moving plate 495 reciprocates linearly in sync with the moving plate 495. Since the second insertion rod 498 on the turntable 493 is inserted into the slot 497 on the drive frame 496, the reciprocating motion of the drive frame 496 drives the turntable 493 to rotate around the fixed ring 491. The cleaning brushes 494 evenly distributed on the side of the turntable 493 rotate synchronously with the turntable 493. The bristles of the cleaning brushes 494 contact the bottom of the screen box 43, and clean the filter holes at the bottom of the screen box 43 in real time during the rotation, effectively preventing the filter holes from being blocked by garbage particles and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the screening process. After waste processing is complete, shut down the right-angle motor 33 and cylinder 45, and the device stops operating. The operator holds the handle 12 on the side of the lid 11, opens the industrial latch 13, and flips the lid 11 around the hinge to remove the material container 48 inside the bottom box 1, emptying out the smaller waste particles. At the same time, loosen the tightening screw 422 on the fixing frame 42 to remove the screen box 43 from the fixing frame 42, and clean out the larger waste particles remaining in the screen box 43. After cleaning, reset the screen box 43 and secure it with the tightening screw 422, put the material container 48 back in, close the lid 11 and fasten the industrial latch 13, and the device returns to its initial state, ready for the next waste processing operation.

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste sorting and processing device, characterized in that: It includes a bottom box (1), a top box (2), a crushing mechanism (3) and a sorting and processing mechanism (4). The top box (2) is located on the upper part of the bottom box (1). A feed inlet is provided on one side of the upper end of the top box (2), and a discharge outlet is provided at the lower end of the top box (2). The crushing mechanism (3) is located on the top box (2) and is used to crush the garbage entering the top box (2); The sorting and processing mechanism (4) is located in the bottom box (1) and is used to screen and classify the crushed waste particles.

2. The waste sorting and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism (3) includes a crushing roller (31) and a right-angle motor (33). There are two crushing rollers (31) and they are rotatably connected in the top box (2). One end of each of the two crushing rollers (31) is provided with a gear 1 (32) that meshes with each other. The right-angle motor (33) is mounted on the bottom box (1) and a gear 2 (34) is mounted on its output shaft. The gear 2 (34) meshes with a gear 3 (35) on one of the crushing rollers (31).

3. The waste sorting and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sorting and processing mechanism (4) includes a movable frame (41), a fixed frame (42), a sieve box (43), a drive plate (44), a cylinder (45), and a dredging component (49). The side of the bottom box (1) is hinged with a box cover (11). The box cover (11) is detachably connected to the bottom box (1) by several industrial fasteners (13). The two sides of the movable frame (41) are slidably connected to the guide plates (412) on both sides of the inner wall of the bottom box (1) by slide rails (411). The fixed frame (42) is located in the movable frame (41) and connected to the movable frame (41) by springs (421). The sieve box (43) is located in the fixed frame (42) and has several filter holes evenly distributed on it. Several threads are connected to the fixed frame (42) for connecting the sieve box (43) and the fixed frame. (42) The tightening screw (422) abuts, the drive plate (44) is an "L" shaped structure and has two and is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the moving frame (41) below, the drive plate (44) is hinged to the inner wall of the bottom box (1) by a pin, the cylinder (45) is installed on the outside of the bottom box (1) and its piston rod is provided with a drive rod (46), the two ends of the drive rod (46) are respectively provided with a plug rod (461) inserted into the drive groove (441) on the corresponding drive plate (44), the drive rod (46) is connected to the moving frame (41) through a connecting plate (47), the material box (48) is provided below the drive plate (44), the unblocking component (49) is located below the moving frame (41) and cleans the filter holes of the screen box (43) under the drive of the cylinder (45).

4. A waste sorting and processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The unblocking component (49) includes a fixed ring (491), a turntable (493), a cleaning brush (494), and a moving plate (495). The fixed ring (491) is connected to the inner wall of the base box (1) through a support plate (492). The turntable (493) is rotatably connected to the fixed ring (491). Several cleaning brushes (494) are evenly distributed along the side of the turntable (493). The moving plate (495) is slidably connected to the guide block on the support plate (492), and one end of it is connected to the drive rod (46). The other end of the moving plate (495) is provided with a drive frame (496). The turntable (493) is provided with a second insert rod (498) that is inserted into the slot (497) on the drive frame (496).

5. A waste sorting and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top box (2) is equipped with a guide bucket (21) at the discharge port.

6. A waste sorting and processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top box (2) is provided with a protective cover (36) on the outside of the two gears (32).

7. A waste sorting and processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The springs (421) are provided in four locations at the four corners of the fixed frame (42) and the movable frame (41).

8. A waste sorting and processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side of the box lid is provided with a handle (12).

9. A waste sorting and processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting plates are provided in two symmetrically arranged on the drive rod.

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