Dispersion agent as well as preparation method and application thereof
By soaking the battery cells in a degumming agent using main and auxiliary agents, the problem of difficult battery pack disassembly is solved, achieving efficient and environmentally friendly adhesive removal, protecting the battery cell casing, and improving degumming efficiency and battery cell yield.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing battery packs are difficult to disassemble and recycle, especially CTP battery packs where the adhesives are difficult to remove efficiently and in an environmentally friendly manner, resulting in low debonding efficiency and potential damage to the cells.
A degumming agent containing main and auxiliary agents is used. The main agents include dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, etc., and the auxiliary agents include surfactants and dispersants. After stirring and mixing, the battery cell is soaked in the degumming agent, which swells and dissolves the adhesive. At the same time, the auxiliary agents reduce the surface tension and protect the battery cell casing.
It achieves non-destructive, efficient, and low-cost adhesive removal of battery packs, shortens degreasing time, improves yield, and protects the integrity and safety of the cell casing.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery recycling technology, specifically to a degumming agent, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology
[0002] With increasingly severe resource shortages and environmental pollution, the world is accelerating its "dual-carbon" process, posing a serious challenge to the traditional automotive industry. Meanwhile, the new energy electric vehicle industry is experiencing explosive growth, driven by both policy and market forces. Between 2014 and 2024, my country's new energy vehicle sales will jump from 75,000 units to 12.866 million units, with an average annual growth rate of 67.3%. my country's power battery production will increase from 83.4 GWh in 2020 to over 1000 GWh in 2024.
[0003] When the capacity of a power battery falls below 80% of its rated capacity during use, it can no longer meet the performance requirements of electric vehicles and must be retired from new energy vehicles. With the increase in installed capacity, the number of retired batteries will also increase accordingly. Retired power batteries still retain 70% to 80% of their remaining capacity. After testing and sorting, they can be recombined for use in low-power power and energy storage fields, extending the battery's lifespan and highly aligning with the green and low-carbon concept. The meticulous and non-destructive dismantling of retired power battery packs is crucial for ensuring the cascade utilization and resource recovery of batteries. Due to the dual requirements of lightweighting and thermal management, CTP battery packs rely heavily on adhesives for bonding, potting, and filling during assembly. Because most battery pack adhesives have one-time curing and irreversible properties, the dismantling and recycling of CTP batteries is currently very difficult in the power battery recycling industry. Traditionally, physical methods are used to first freeze the structural adhesive to reduce its stickiness, followed by manual disassembly. This method may damage the battery cell. Alternatively, chemical methods are used, such as soaking the battery cell in adhesive-removing solution. However, these methods suffer from low penetration efficiency, resulting in low disassembly efficiency. Therefore, this technology develops an adhesive-removing agent that is non-damaging to the battery cell, low-cost, efficient, and environmentally friendly, thereby achieving safe, environmentally friendly, and efficient removal of adhesives inside CTP battery packs. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of the technical problems existing in the background art, this application provides a desiccant, its preparation method and application, aiming to solve the technical problem of the difficulty in disassembling and recycling existing battery packs.
[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a degumming agent, comprising a main agent and an auxiliary agent. The main agent comprises at least one of dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and acetone. The auxiliary agent comprises a surfactant and a dispersant. The surfactant comprises at least one of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether complex, polyether-modified siloxane, APG alkyl glycoside, alkanolamide, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and dodecyl acetic acid. The dispersant comprises at least one of trihydroxypolyoxypropylene ether, N-methylpyrrolidone, APG alkyl glycoside, ethyl lactate, D-limonene, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and dodecyl acetic acid.
[0006] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing a desiccant, wherein the main agent and the auxiliary agent are stirred and mixed to obtain the desiccant, the stirring speed is 80~300 rpm, and the stirring time is 1~8 h.
[0007] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an application of a desiccant, comprising the following steps: The main agent and the auxiliary agent are stirred and mixed to obtain the descaling agent; Add the battery cell to the adhesive remover and soak for 2-18 hours to complete the adhesive removal process.
[0008] The advantages of this application, which differ from existing technical solutions, include: This invention employs a method of soaking the battery cells in a degumming agent to disassemble the battery pack. The solvent molecules in the degumming agent can penetrate deep into the adhesive, causing it to swell and dissolve, without corroding the battery cell casing. The degumming agent provided by this invention includes a main agent and an auxiliary agent. The main agent has strong dissolving ability, penetrating into the polymer of the adhesive to cause it to swell and dissolve, thus completing the degumming process. The auxiliary agent is used to reduce the surface tension of the liquid, enhance the permeability of the main agent, and improve the degumming efficiency.
[0009] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0010] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will be described in detail below. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this application more clearly, and are therefore only examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.
[0011] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification and claims of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.
[0012] To address the technical challenges of disassembling and recycling existing battery packs, this application provides a descaling agent, its preparation method, and its application. This invention uses a descaling agent to soak the battery cells to disassemble the battery pack. The solvent molecules in the descaling agent can penetrate deep into the adhesive to cause it to swell and dissolve, while not corroding the battery cell casing.
[0013] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a degumming agent, comprising a main agent and an auxiliary agent. The main agent comprises at least one of dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and acetone. The auxiliary agent comprises a surfactant and a dispersant. The surfactant comprises at least one of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether complex, polyether-modified siloxane, APG alkyl glycoside, alkanolamide, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and dodecyl acetic acid. The dispersant comprises at least one of trihydroxypolyoxypropylene ether, N-methylpyrrolidone, APG alkyl glycoside, ethyl lactate, D-limonene, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and dodecyl acetic acid.
[0014] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the surfactant is used to reduce interfacial tension, so that the main agent can better bond with the surface of the battery cell, and the dispersant helps the surfactant to be uniformly dispersed in the main agent. Through the synergistic effect of the surfactant and the dispersant, the debinding efficiency of the main agent is improved.
[0015] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the volume ratio of the main agent, surfactant, and dispersant is (60~100):(3~14):(2~20).
[0016] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the excipients also include a penetrant, which includes at least one of N-methylpyrrolidone and APG alkyl glycoside.
[0017] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the role of the penetrant is to reduce the surface tension of the liquid at an extremely fast speed and help the main agent to quickly wet, spread and penetrate into the internal pores of the structural adhesive.
[0018] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the volume ratio of the main agent to the penetrant is (60~100):(0~10).
[0019] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the excipients also include preservatives, said preservatives including at least one of dodecyl acetic acid and dodecanoic acid.
[0020] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the corrosion inhibitor is used to block or delay the contact between the metal and the degumming agent (other solvents), thereby protecting the metal material (cell casing), extending its service life, and ensuring equipment safety and structural integrity.
[0021] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the volume ratio of the main agent to the preservative is (60~100):(0~10).
[0022] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the excipients also include thickeners, including at least one of trihydroxypolyoxypropylene ether and alkanolamide.
[0023] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the role of the thickener is to stabilize the system and prevent separation.
[0024] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing a degumming agent, wherein the main agent and the auxiliary agent are stirred and mixed to obtain the degumming agent, the stirring speed is 80~300 rpm, and the stirring time is 1~8 h.
[0025] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an application of a desiccant, comprising the following steps: The main agent and the auxiliary agent are stirred and mixed to obtain the descaling agent; Add the battery cell to the adhesive remover and soak for 2-18 hours to complete the adhesive removal process.
[0026] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the degumming agent is submerged 2-3 cm above the bottom of the battery cell.
[0027] The following are some specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they shall be performed in accordance with the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product instructions. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.
[0028] I. Preparation Method Example 1 The application of a degumming agent includes the following steps: S1. Add the main agent and auxiliary agent to the mixing tank. The types and volumes of the main agent and auxiliary agent are shown in Table 1. Set the speed to 300 rpm and stir for 8 hours to form a uniform desiccant. S2. Add an appropriate amount of descaling agent and battery cell to the foaming tank, submerging the bottom of the battery cell by 3cm, and soak until descaling is complete.
[0029] Example 2 The operation steps of Example 2 are the same as those of Example 1, the difference being the types and volumes of the main agent and the excipient. The types and volumes of the main agent and the excipient in Example 2 are shown in Table 1.
[0030] Example 3 The operation steps of Example 3 are the same as those of Example 1. The difference lies in the types and volumes of the main agent and the excipient. The types and volumes of the main agent and the excipient in Example 3 are shown in Table 1.
[0031] Example 4 The operation steps of Example 4 are the same as those of Example 1, the difference being the types and volumes of the main agent and the excipient. The types and volumes of the main agent and the excipient in Example 4 are shown in Table 1.
[0032] Example 5 The operation steps of Example 5 are the same as those of Example 1, the difference being the types and volumes of the main agent and the excipient. The types and volumes of the main agent and the excipient in Example 5 are shown in Table 1.
[0033] Example 6 The operation steps of Example 6 are the same as those of Example 1, the difference being the types and volumes of the main agent and the excipient. The types and volumes of the main agent and the excipient in Example 6 are shown in Table 1.
[0034] Example 7 The operation steps of Example 7 are the same as those of Example 1, the difference being the types and volumes of the main agent and the excipient. The types and volumes of the main agent and the excipient in Example 7 are shown in Table 1.
[0035] Example 8 The operation steps of Example 8 are the same as those of Example 1, the difference being the types and volumes of the main agent and the excipient. The types and volumes of the main agent and the excipient in Example 8 are shown in Table 1.
[0036] Example 9 The operation steps of Example 9 are the same as those of Example 1, the difference being the types and volumes of the main agent and the excipient. The types and volumes of the main agent and the excipient in Example 9 are shown in Table 1.
[0037] Table 1. Types and volume fractions of main agents and excipients in Examples 1-9
[0038] Comparative Example 1 Add 5.0 L of ethyl acetate degumming agent to the foaming tank, submerging the bottom of the battery cell by 3 cm, and soak until degumming is complete.
[0039] Comparative Example 2 Add 5.0 L of dichloromethane degumming agent to the foaming tank, submerging it 3 cm above the bottom of the battery cell, and soak until degumming is complete.
[0040] II. Testing Methods 1. Yield testing method: After debonding, observe whether there is corrosion, dents or bulges on the surface of the battery cell. If there are, it is judged as a defective product; if not, it is judged as a qualified product. The percentage of qualified products out of the total number of samples is the yield rate.
[0041] III. Analysis of Test Results for Each Embodiment and Comparative Example The degumming time and yield of each embodiment and comparative example were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 2 below.
[0042] Table 2 Debonding time and yield of each example and comparative example
[0043] As shown in Table 2, combining the main agent and the auxiliary agent can shorten the degumming time and improve the yield of degummed products. The shortest degumming time can be shortened to 2 hours, with a yield of 100%. In Examples 1-4, only some auxiliary agents were used, and the degumming time was 10-18 hours. In Comparative Examples 7-9, surfactants, penetrants, dispersants, and preservatives were added simultaneously, indicating that the synergistic effect of multiple auxiliary agents can shorten the degumming time.
[0044] In both Comparative Examples 1 and 2, only the main agent was used for degumming, which took a long time and caused damage to some of the cell surfaces. This indicates that the auxiliary agent can shorten the degumming time while protecting the cell casing, extending its service life, and ensuring the safety and structural integrity of the cell.
[0045] It should be noted that this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments with the same structure and effect as the technical concept within the scope of this application are included in the technical scope of this application. Furthermore, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, without departing from the spirit of this application, are also included in the scope of this application.
Claims
1. A degumming agent, characterized in that, The product comprises a main agent and an excipient. The main agent includes at least one of dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and acetone. The excipient includes a surfactant and a dispersant. The surfactant includes at least one of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether complex, polyether-modified siloxane, APG alkyl glycoside, alkanolamide, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and dodecyl acetic acid. The dispersant includes at least one of trihydroxypolyoxypropylene ether, N-methylpyrrolidone, APG alkyl glycoside, ethyl lactate, D-limonene, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and dodecyl acetic acid.
2. The degumming agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The volume ratio of the main agent, surfactant and dispersant is (60~100):(3~14):(2~20).
3. The degumming agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The excipients also include a penetrant, which includes at least one of N-methylpyrrolidone and APG alkyl glycoside.
4. The degumming agent according to claim 3, characterized in that, The volume ratio of the main agent to the penetrant is (60~100):(0~10).
5. The degumming agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The excipients also include preservatives, which include at least one of dodecyl acetic acid and dodecanoic acid.
6. The degumming agent according to claim 5, characterized in that, The volume ratio of the main agent to the preservative is (60~100):(0~10).
7. The degumming agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The excipients also include thickeners, which include at least one of trihydroxypolyoxypropylene ether and alkanolamide.
8. A method for preparing a degumming agent as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The main agent and the auxiliary agent are stirred and mixed to obtain the desiccant. The stirring speed is 80~300 rpm and the stirring time is 1~8h.
9. The application of a degumming agent as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The main agent and the auxiliary agent are stirred and mixed to obtain the descaling agent; Add the battery cell to the adhesive remover and soak for 2-18 hours to complete the adhesive removal process.
10. The application of the degumming agent according to claim 9, characterized in that, The degumming agent is submerged 2-3 cm below the bottom of the battery cell.