Composite water-based cleaning agent as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of shooting weapon maintenance technologies, and particularly discloses a composite water-based cleaning agent as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The water-based cleaning agent comprises the following raw material components in parts by mass: propylene glycol, ionic liquid, a surfactant, a chelating agent, a corrosion inhibitor, lipase, a defoaming agent and deionized water, wherein the ionic liquid is a choline chloride / glycerol deep eutectic solvent; the surface active agent is prepared from alkyl polyglucoside and cocamidopropyl betaine; the corrosion inhibitor comprises at least one of sodium benzoate or triethanolamine. All raw material components of the composite water-based cleaning agent are low-toxicity or non-toxic substances, most of the raw material components can be biodegraded, and the safety performance is high. The composite water-based cleaning agent provided by the invention has efficient cleaning performance and excellent environment-friendly safety characteristics, is still reliable and effective even under extreme conditions of high and cold, high temperature, high humidity and the like, and meets the requirements of green chemistry and military guarantee.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shooting weapon maintenance technology, and in particular to a composite water-based cleaning agent, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Light weapons (such as rifles and machine guns) accumulate carbon deposits, gunpowder residues, and oil stains on parts such as the barrel, receiver, and bolt after firing, requiring frequent cleaning and maintenance. However, many existing gun cleaning agents have numerous problems: (1) Traditional gun solvent-based cleaning agents often contain harmful chemicals such as gasoline, benzene, and ammonia, which release irritating and toxic fumes during use, and long-term exposure may harm the health of cleaning personnel; at the same time, these components are not environmentally friendly, are difficult to biodegrade, and may harm plants and water sources. (2) Many traditional cleaning agents are highly volatile organic solvents with a pungent odor and high volatile organic compound (VOC) content, which not only causes an unpleasant smell but also poses a fire and explosion hazard. (3) Some strong cleaning agents are highly alkaline or contain corrosive components such as ammonia, which may corrode the steel barrel or damage the plating and coating when removing copper jacket residue. If used improperly, they may corrode metal or damage the protective coating on the weapon surface. In addition, some solvents may damage non-metallic parts such as polymer stocks and rubber seals, resulting in poor material compatibility. (4) Most existing cleaning agents are most effective at room temperature and have poor adaptability to extreme conditions such as high cold, high temperature, and high humidity. In extremely cold environments (such as below -30°C), water-based cleaning agents may freeze or become viscous, making it difficult to clean in time; while oil-based solvents will also thicken in severe cold, reducing their permeability. In high-temperature environments (such as above 50°C), volatile solvents will evaporate too quickly, and the solvent will evaporate completely before the cleaning is completed. Moreover, flammable solvents at high temperatures pose a safety risk. In high-humidity environments (relative humidity > 90%), moisture easily condenses on the surface of firearms. Ordinary cleaning agents may not be able to prevent flash rust during the cleaning process, and the cleaning agent itself may even reduce its effectiveness after absorbing moisture. Therefore, traditional cleaning agents are difficult to meet the needs of field troops for high-frequency cleaning of weapons under extreme climatic conditions.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies report some non-toxic and odorless cleaning products. These green cleaning agents (such as plant extract-based cleaners or enzymatic cleaners) are generally free of volatile solvents, non-toxic, harmless, non-flammable, gentle on metals, and biodegradable. Plant extract-based cleaners, in particular, can remove various types of dirt, including copper, lead, and gunpowder slag, while being odorless, non-corrosive to metals, and non-flammable. Enzymatic cleaners are used for deep cleaning and maintenance of weapon components, utilizing biological enzymes to decompose organic contaminants, combined with surfactants to achieve highly efficient cleaning while being environmentally friendly. However, current green cleaning products still cannot maintain optimal performance in extreme environments; their cleaning efficiency is significantly reduced in such environments.

[0004] Therefore, developing a reliable and effective green water-based gun cleaning agent that remains effective under extreme conditions such as high cold, high temperature, and high humidity is of great practical significance in order to meet the stringent requirements of modern military weapon maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a composite water-based cleaning agent, its preparation method, and its application. All raw material components of the composite water-based cleaning agent are low-toxicity or non-toxic substances, the vast majority of which are biodegradable and will not cause persistent pollution to soil and water bodies. It is completely free of traditional petroleum distillation solvents, halogenated hydrocarbons, strong acids, strong alkalis, and other hazardous chemicals. The overall formula is free of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and is not easily flammable, making it safe to use and store. The composite water-based cleaning agent provided by the present invention combines highly efficient cleaning performance with excellent environmental safety characteristics. It remains reliable and effective even under extreme conditions such as high cold, high temperature, and high humidity, meeting the requirements of green chemistry and military support.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The first aspect of this invention provides a composite water-based cleaning agent, comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts propylene glycol, 5-15 parts ionic liquid, 5-15 parts surfactant, 1-5 parts chelating agent, 1-5 parts corrosion inhibitor, 0.05-0.5 parts lipase, 0.01-0.5 parts defoamer, and 50-60 parts deionized water; The ionic liquid is a choline chloride / glycerol deep eutectic solvent. The surfactants include alkyl polyglucoside and cocamidopropyl betaine; The corrosion inhibitor includes at least one of sodium benzoate or triethanolamine.

[0007] Compared to existing technologies, this invention contains no petroleum solvents, emits no volatile organic compounds (VOCs), has low overall volatility and toxicity, and is safe and environmentally friendly to use. Furthermore, the water-based system is easy to rinse after cleaning, leaving no harmful residues. Propylene glycol is miscible with deionized water, which lowers the freezing point of water and prevents the cleaning agent from freezing at low temperatures. This invention ensures that the cleaning agent remains liquid at -30°C or even lower temperatures, without freezing and becoming ineffective. Simultaneously, the low volatility of propylene glycol in high-temperature environments significantly delays water evaporation, increases surface interaction time, and maintains the viscosity stability of the system under high humidity conditions, preventing excessive sagging. Therefore, the presence of propylene glycol ensures the stability and continuous cleaning effect of the cleaning agent in both extremely cold and extremely hot environments. The surfactant used in this invention is a combination of alkyl polyglucoside and cocamidopropyl betaine. Alkyl polyglucoside is a nonionic surfactant prepared from natural plant oils and glucose. It is biodegradable and possesses excellent detergency and wetting / penetrating capabilities, effectively wetting, dispersing, and emulsifying carbon residue and oil stains adhering to the surface of firearms, loosening and removing stubborn gunpowder residue and sintered carbon deposits. Furthermore, alkyl polyglucoside is mild, non-corrosive, and safe for metals and coating materials, avoiding adverse effects on firearms. Cocamidopropyl betaine, prepared from natural coconut oil fatty acids, has an amphoteric structure and is stable and effective under both acidic and alkaline conditions. It can synergistically work with APG to enhance the cleaning ability against grease and soot, and control foaming performance. Cocamidopropyl betaine also has good wetting and material compatibility, allowing the cleaning agent to penetrate deep into small crevices to clean dirt, while having extremely low skin irritation and safe use. This component further improves the biodegradability and environmental friendliness of the formulation. The synergistic effect of the two enables the water-based cleaning agent to maintain excellent wetting and penetration capabilities and low-foaming emulsification performance at low temperatures, avoiding foam accumulation in cold regions; at high temperatures, it maintains good surface activity and material compatibility; and in high humidity conditions, its low irritation and high biodegradability can reduce potential risks to operators and the environment.

[0008] The introduction of a small amount of ionic liquid enhances the cleaning agent's ability to dissolve and remove stubborn carbonized deposits, while also providing the formulation with high-temperature stability (ionic liquids are non-volatile and non-flammable at high temperatures). Ionic liquids also improve the cleaning effect on organic polymer residues and paint film contaminants, thus expanding the cleaning agent's applicability. Therefore, ionic liquids, as functional additives, improve the cleaning performance and environmental tolerance of the cleaning agent without increasing toxicity or volatility. This invention also introduces lipase, which can hydrolyze and decompose residual grease and lubricating oil carbonization products from firearms, breaking down long-chain organic matter into easily cleanable small molecules, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of oil removal. For carbon scale generated after firing, which often contains unburned hydrocarbon lubricating oil and binder components, lipase can partially decompose them, making the carbon residue loose and easy to brush off. Simultaneously, the enzyme preparation is environmentally friendly and biodegradable; the enzymes in the waste liquid can be degraded by microorganisms after use, without increasing the environmental burden. To protect the firearm metal from corrosion during the cleaning process, this invention adds corrosion inhibitors. Sodium benzoate can form a passivation protection on steel surfaces, preventing rust spots from appearing during and shortly after cleaning. Triethanolamine not only prevents acid corrosion but also adsorbs onto metal surfaces, enhancing corrosion inhibition performance. The addition of corrosion inhibitors ensures that the cleaning agent does not corrode steel, aluminum alloys, or surface treatment layers such as blackening and phosphating, meeting the material compatibility requirements for military weapon maintenance.

[0009] The addition of chelating agents and defoamers helps soften water and prevent hard scale, ensuring the cleaning agent remains effective in hard water conditions in the field. By complexing with metals, chelating agents can also assist in removing copper / lead jacket residues to some extent, compensating for the inadequacy of metal scale removal without strong corrosive chemicals, and are gentle on metal materials, reducing the risk of corrosion from extreme temperature differences. The addition of defoamers ensures that the cleaning agent is a key component that can effectively penetrate, act quickly, and be safely discharged in the complex structure of firearms; synergistically maintaining system stability, metal protection, and operational efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of alkyl polyglucoside to cocamidopropyl betaine in the surfactant is 1:(2-4).

[0011] Preferably, the alkyl polyglucoside is a C12-C14 alkyl polyglucoside.

[0012] Preferably, the corrosion inhibitor is sodium benzoate and triethanolamine in a mass ratio of 1:1-1.5.

[0013] Preferably, the lipase is a psychrophilic lipase or a thermophilic lipase, with a total bacterial count of 8000-10000 / g.

[0014] More preferably, the cryophilic lipase is Lipase PL “Amano” 50.

[0015] More preferably, the thermophilic lipase is Novozym® 435.

[0016] Preferably, the defoamer is a polyether-modified silicone oil defoamer; Preferably, the chelating agent is tetrasodium glutamate diacetate.

[0017] Preferably, the molar ratio of choline chloride to glycerol in the ionic liquid is 1:2 to 1:3.

[0018] Preferably, the density of the composite water-based cleaning agent is 1.0-1.1 g / cm³. 3 It has a pH of 7.5-8.5, a freezing point of -60℃ to -30℃, and an initial boiling point of 90-110℃.

[0019] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the composite water-based cleaning agent, comprising the following steps: weighing each raw material component according to the designed ratio, mixing them evenly, and stirring at 20-50°C until a clear and stable liquid is obtained, thereby obtaining the composite water-based cleaning agent.

[0020] A third aspect of the present invention provides the application of the aforementioned composite water-based cleaning agent in removing weapon firing residue. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1 This embodiment provides a composite water-based cleaning agent and its preparation method, specifically including the following: The water-based cleaning agent comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 18 parts propylene glycol, 10 parts ionic liquid, 12 parts surfactant, 3 parts tetrasodium diacetate of glutamic acid, 3 parts corrosion inhibitor, 0.1 parts Lipase PL “Amano” 50 psychrophilic lipase, 0.1 parts polyether modified silicone oil defoamer DF-452, and 55 parts deionized water; The surfactant is C13 alkyl polyglucoside and cocamidopropyl betaine in a mass ratio of 1:3. The corrosion inhibitor is sodium benzoate and triethanolamine in a mass ratio of 1:1.2.

[0023] The molar ratio of choline chloride to glycerol in the ionic liquid is 1:2.5.

[0024] The preparation method of the composite water-based cleaning agent includes the following steps: Weigh each raw material component according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, and stir at 30°C until a clear and stable liquid is obtained to obtain the composite water-based cleaning agent.

[0025] The density of the composite water-based cleaning agent was tested to be 1.0 g / cm³. 3 With a pH of 7.9, the product showed no freezing after being placed in a -30℃ environment for 72 hours, maintaining good fluidity; this indicates that the product is stable and usable under extremely cold conditions. Furthermore, after being exposed to a constant temperature and humidity environment of 95% and 40℃ for 14 days, the liquid showed no mold growth or performance degradation, and no rust spots were observed on the steel test pieces immersed in it, demonstrating its excellent adaptability to high humidity environments and its corrosion-inhibiting protective effect.

[0026] The composite water-based cleaning agent was injected into the barrel, soaked for 5 minutes, and then scrubbed five times with a brass brush. After wiping with a clean cloth, test results showed that carbon deposits and metallic contaminants inside the rifle rifling were effectively removed, the bore wall was shiny with no black residue, and the receiver and bolt surface regained their original metallic color, free of sludge and sintered patches. Microscopic examination revealed that even the fine carbon deposits on the sharp edges of the rifling were largely removed, revealing a metallic luster. Visual cleanliness reached approximately 100%, with no obvious corrosion spots observed.

[0027] Example 2 This embodiment provides a composite water-based cleaning agent and its preparation method, specifically including the following: The water-based cleaning agent comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 15 parts propylene glycol, 12 parts ionic liquid, 10 parts surfactant, 5 parts tetrasodium diacetate of glutamic acid, 3 parts corrosion inhibitor, 0.2 parts Novozym® 435 thermophilic lipase, 0.2 parts polyether modified silicone oil defoamer DF-452, and 50 parts deionized water; The surfactant is C13 alkyl polyglucoside and cocamidopropyl betaine in a mass ratio of 1:3. The corrosion inhibitor is sodium benzoate and triethanolamine in a mass ratio of 1:1.5.

[0028] The molar ratio of choline chloride to glycerol in the ionic liquid is 1:2.5.

[0029] The preparation method of the composite water-based cleaning agent includes the following steps: Weigh each raw material component according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, and stir at 30°C until a clear and stable liquid is obtained to obtain the composite water-based cleaning agent.

[0030] The density of the composite water-based cleaning agent was tested to be 1.1 g / cm³. 3With a pH of 7.8, the cleaning agent showed no significant evaporation loss or deterioration after 7 days of exposure to high temperature (60℃ oven), indicating that the product is stable and usable under high-temperature conditions. Furthermore, after 14 days of exposure to a constant temperature and humidity environment (95% relative humidity, 40℃), the liquid showed no mold growth or performance degradation, and no rust spots were observed on the steel test pieces immersed in it, demonstrating its excellent adaptability to high-humidity environments and its corrosion-inhibiting protective effect.

[0031] The composite water-based cleaning agent was injected into the barrel, soaked for 5 minutes, and then scrubbed five times with a brass brush. After wiping with a clean cloth, test results showed that carbon deposits and metallic contaminants inside the rifle rifling were effectively removed, the bore wall was shiny with no black residue, and the receiver and bolt surface regained their original metallic color, free of sludge and sintered patches. Microscopic examination revealed that even the fine carbon deposits on the sharp edges of the rifling were largely removed, revealing a metallic luster. Visual cleanliness reached approximately 100%, with no obvious corrosion spots observed.

[0032] Example 3 This embodiment provides a composite water-based cleaning agent and its preparation method, specifically including the following: The water-based cleaning agent comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 20 parts propylene glycol, 10 parts ionic liquid, 10 parts surfactant, 4 parts tetrasodium diacetate of glutamic acid, 3 parts corrosion inhibitor, 0.1 parts Lipase PL “Amano” 50 psychrophilic lipase, 0.2 parts polyether modified silicone oil defoamer DF-452, and 50 parts deionized water; The surfactant is C14 alkyl polyglucoside and cocamidopropyl betaine in a mass ratio of 1:2.5. The corrosion inhibitor is sodium benzoate and triethanolamine in a mass ratio of 1:1.2.

[0033] The molar ratio of choline chloride to glycerol in the ionic liquid is 1:2.5.

[0034] The preparation method of the composite water-based cleaning agent includes the following steps: Weigh each raw material component according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, and stir at 35°C until a clear and stable liquid is obtained to obtain the composite water-based cleaning agent.

[0035] The density of the composite water-based cleaning agent was tested to be 1.0 g / cm³. 3 With a pH of 7.6, the product remained stable and fluid even after being placed in a -40°C environment for 72 hours without freezing, indicating that it is suitable for use under extremely cold conditions. Furthermore, after being exposed to a constant temperature and humidity environment of 95% and 40°C for 14 days, the liquid showed no mold growth or performance degradation, and no rust spots were observed on the steel test pieces immersed in it, demonstrating its excellent adaptability to high humidity environments and its corrosion-inhibiting protective effect.

[0036] The composite water-based cleaning agent was injected into the barrel, soaked for 5 minutes, and then scrubbed five times with a brass brush. After wiping with a clean cloth, test results showed that carbon deposits and metallic contaminants inside the rifle rifling were effectively removed, the bore wall was shiny with no black residue, and the receiver and bolt surface regained their original metallic color, free of sludge and sintered patches. Microscopic examination revealed that even the fine carbon deposits on the sharp edges of the rifling were largely removed, revealing a metallic luster. Visual cleanliness reached approximately 100%, with no obvious corrosion spots observed.

[0037] Example 4 This embodiment provides a composite water-based cleaning agent and its preparation method, specifically including the following: The water-based cleaning agent comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 15 parts propylene glycol, 12 parts ionic liquid, 10 parts surfactant, 5 parts tetrasodium diacetate of glutamic acid, 3 parts corrosion inhibitor, 0.2 parts Novozym® 435 thermophilic lipase, 0.2 parts polyether modified silicone oil defoamer DF-452, and 50 parts deionized water; The surfactant is C13 alkyl polyglucoside and cocamidopropyl betaine in a mass ratio of 1:3. The corrosion inhibitor is sodium benzoate and triethanolamine in a mass ratio of 1:1.5.

[0038] The molar ratio of choline chloride to glycerol in the ionic liquid is 1:3.

[0039] The preparation method of the composite water-based cleaning agent includes the following steps: Weigh each raw material component according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, and stir at 30°C until a clear and stable liquid is obtained to obtain the composite water-based cleaning agent.

[0040] The density of the composite water-based cleaning agent, as tested, is 1.1 g / cm³. 3 With a pH of 7.8, the cleaning agent showed no significant evaporation loss or deterioration after 7 days of exposure to high temperature (60℃ oven), indicating that the product remains stable and usable under high temperature and conditions. Furthermore, after 14 days of exposure to a constant temperature and humidity environment (95% relative humidity, 40℃), the liquid showed no mold growth or performance degradation, and no rust spots were observed on the steel test pieces immersed in it, demonstrating its excellent adaptability to high humidity environments and its corrosion-inhibiting protective effect.

[0041] The composite water-based cleaning agent was injected into the barrel, soaked for 5 minutes, and then scrubbed five times with a brass brush. After wiping with a clean cloth, test results showed that carbon deposits and metallic contaminants inside the rifle rifling were effectively removed, the bore wall was shiny with no black residue, and the receiver and bolt surface regained their original metallic color, free of sludge and sintered patches. Microscopic examination revealed that even the fine carbon deposits on the sharp edges of the rifling were largely removed, revealing a metallic luster. Visual cleanliness reached approximately 100%, with no obvious corrosion spots observed.

[0042] Example 5 This embodiment provides a composite water-based cleaning agent and its preparation method, specifically including the following: The water-based cleaning agent comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 18 parts propylene glycol, 10 parts ionic liquid, 12 parts surfactant, 3 parts tetrasodium diacetate of glutamic acid, 3 parts corrosion inhibitor, 0.1 parts Lipase PL “Amano” 50 psychrophilic lipase, 0.1 parts polyether modified silicone oil defoamer DF-452, and 55 parts deionized water; The surfactant is C13 alkyl polyglucoside and cocamidopropyl betaine in a mass ratio of 1:3. The corrosion inhibitor is sodium benzoate and triethanolamine in a mass ratio of 1:1.2.

[0043] The molar ratio of choline chloride to glycerol in the ionic liquid is 1:2.5.

[0044] The preparation method of the composite water-based cleaning agent includes the following steps: Weigh each raw material component according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, and stir at 30°C until a clear and stable liquid is obtained to obtain the composite water-based cleaning agent.

[0045] The density of the composite water-based cleaning agent was tested to be 1.0 g / cm³. 3 With a pH of 7.9, the product remained stable and usable even after being placed in a -30°C environment for 72 hours without freezing, demonstrating its excellent fluidity. Furthermore, after being exposed to a constant temperature and humidity environment of 95% and 40°C for 14 days, the liquid showed no mold growth or performance degradation, and no rust spots were observed on the steel test pieces immersed in it, proving its excellent adaptability to high humidity environments and its superior corrosion-inhibiting and protective effects.

[0046] The composite water-based cleaning agent was injected into the barrel, soaked for 5 minutes, and then scrubbed five times with a brass brush. After wiping with a clean cloth, test results showed that carbon deposits and metallic contaminants inside the rifle rifling were effectively removed, the bore wall was shiny with no black residue, and the receiver and bolt surface regained their original metallic color, free of sludge and sintered patches. Microscopic examination revealed that even the fine carbon deposits on the sharp edges of the rifling were largely removed, revealing a metallic luster. Visual cleanliness reached approximately 100%, with no obvious corrosion spots observed.

[0047] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a water-based cleaning agent and its preparation method. The difference from Example 1 is that the surfactant is replaced with an equal amount of cocamidopropyl betaine. Other components and processes remain unchanged and will not be described in detail here.

[0048] The density of the composite water-based cleaning agent was tested to be 1.0 g / cm³. 3 With a pH of 7.9, the product remained stable and usable even after being placed in a -30°C environment for 72 hours without freezing, demonstrating its excellent fluidity. Furthermore, after being exposed to a constant temperature and humidity environment of 95% and 40°C for 14 days, the liquid showed no mold growth or performance degradation, and no rust spots were observed on the steel test pieces immersed in it, proving its excellent adaptability to high humidity environments and its superior corrosion-inhibiting and protective effects.

[0049] The composite water-based cleaning agent was injected into the barrel, soaked for 5 minutes, and then scrubbed five times with a brass brush. After wiping with a clean cloth, test results showed that carbon deposits and metallic contaminants inside the rifle rifling were removed, the bore wall was shiny with some black residue, and the receiver and bolt surface regained their original metallic color, with some residual sludge and sintered patches. Microscopic examination revealed that the fine carbon deposits on the sharp edges of the rifling were largely removed, revealing a metallic luster. Visual cleanliness was approximately 80%, and no obvious corrosion spots were observed.

[0050] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a water-based cleaning agent and its preparation method. The difference from Example 2 is that the propylene glycol is replaced with an equal amount of ethylene glycol. Other components and processes remain unchanged and will not be described in detail here.

[0051] The density of the composite water-based cleaning agent was tested to be 1.1 g / cm³. 3 With a pH of 7.8, the cleaning agent showed no significant evaporation loss or deterioration after 7 days of exposure to high temperature (60℃ oven), indicating that the product remains stable and usable under high temperature and conditions. Furthermore, after 14 days of exposure to a constant temperature and humidity environment (95% relative humidity, 40℃), the liquid showed no mold growth or performance degradation, and no rust spots were observed on the steel test pieces immersed in it, demonstrating its excellent adaptability to high humidity environments and its corrosion-inhibiting protective effect.

[0052] The composite water-based cleaning agent was injected into the barrel, soaked for 5 minutes, and then scrubbed five times with a brass brush. After wiping with a clean cloth, test results showed that carbon deposits and metallic contaminants inside the rifle rifling were removed, the bore wall was shiny with some black residue, and the receiver and bolt surface regained their original metallic color, with some residual sludge and sintered patches. Microscopic examination revealed that the fine carbon deposits on the sharp edges of the rifling were largely removed, revealing a metallic luster. Visual cleanliness reached approximately 75%, and no obvious corrosion spots were observed.

[0053] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a water-based cleaning agent and its preparation method. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that no lipase is added, and the other components and processes remain unchanged, which will not be described in detail here.

[0054] The density of the composite water-based cleaning agent was tested to be 1.0 g / cm³. 3 With a pH of 7.9, the product remained stable and usable even after being placed in a -30°C environment for 72 hours without freezing, demonstrating its excellent fluidity. Furthermore, after being exposed to a constant temperature and humidity environment of 95% and 40°C for 14 days, the liquid showed no mold growth or performance degradation, and no rust spots were observed on the steel test pieces immersed in it, proving its excellent adaptability to high humidity environments and its superior corrosion-inhibiting and protective effects.

[0055] The composite water-based cleaning agent was injected into the barrel, soaked for 5 minutes, and then scrubbed five times with a brass brush. After wiping with a clean cloth, test results showed that carbon deposits and metallic contaminants inside the rifle rifling were removed, the bore wall was shiny with some black residue, and the receiver and bolt surface regained their original metallic color, with some residual sludge and sintered patches. Microscopic examination revealed that the fine carbon deposits on the sharp edges of the rifling were largely removed, revealing a metallic luster. Visual cleanliness reached approximately 60%, and no obvious corrosion spots were observed.

[0056] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provides a water-based cleaning agent and its preparation method. The difference between this example and Example 2 is that no ionic liquid is added, and other components and processes remain unchanged, which will not be described in detail here.

[0057] The density of the composite water-based cleaning agent was tested to be 1.1 g / cm³. 3 With a pH of 7.8, the cleaning agent showed no significant evaporation loss or deterioration after 7 days of exposure to high temperature (60℃ oven), indicating that the product remains stable and usable under both high temperature and high humidity conditions. Furthermore, after 14 days of exposure to a constant temperature and humidity environment (95% relative humidity, 40℃), the liquid showed no mold growth or performance degradation, and no rust spots were observed on the steel test pieces immersed in it, demonstrating its excellent adaptability to high humidity environments and its corrosion-inhibiting protective effect.

[0058] The composite water-based cleaning agent was injected into the barrel, soaked for 5 minutes, and then scrubbed five times with a brass brush. After wiping with a clean cloth, test results showed that carbon deposits and metallic contaminants inside the rifle rifling were removed, the bore wall was shiny with some black residue, and the receiver and bolt surface regained their original metallic color, with some residual sludge and sintered patches. Microscopic examination revealed that the fine carbon deposits on the sharp edges of the rifling were largely removed, revealing a metallic luster. Visual cleanliness reached approximately 52%, and no obvious corrosion spots were observed.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite water-based cleaning agent, characterized in that, The raw material components include the following parts by weight: 10-20 parts propylene glycol, 5-15 parts ionic liquid, 5-15 parts surfactant, 1-5 parts chelating agent, 1-5 parts corrosion inhibitor, 0.05-0.5 parts lipase, 0.01-0.5 parts defoamer, and 50-60 parts deionized water; The ionic liquid is a choline chloride / glycerol deep eutectic solvent. The surfactants include alkyl polyglucoside and cocamidopropyl betaine; The corrosion inhibitor includes at least one of sodium benzoate or triethanolamine.

2. The composite water-based cleaning agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of alkyl polyglucoside to cocamidopropyl betaine in the surfactant is 1:(2-4).

3. The composite water-based cleaning agent as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The alkyl polyglucosides are C12-C14 alkyl polyglucosides.

4. The composite water-based cleaning agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The corrosion inhibitor is sodium benzoate and triethanolamine in a mass ratio of 1:1-1.

5.

5. The composite water-based cleaning agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lipase is either a psychrophilic or thermophilic lipase, with a total bacterial count of 8000-10000 / g.

6. The composite water-based cleaning agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The defoamer is a polyether-modified silicone oil defoamer; The chelating agent is tetrasodium glutamate diacetate.

7. The composite water-based cleaning agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The molar ratio of choline chloride to glycerol in the ionic liquid is 1:2 to 1:

3.

8. The composite water-based cleaning agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The density of the composite water-based cleaning agent is 1.0-1.1 g / cm³. 3 It has a pH of 7.5-8.5, a freezing point of -60℃ to -30℃, and an initial boiling point of 90-110℃.

9. A method for preparing a composite water-based cleaning agent as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: weigh each raw material component according to the designed ratio, mix them evenly, and stir at 20-50℃ until a clear liquid is obtained to obtain a composite water-based cleaning agent.

10. The use of a composite water-based cleaning agent as described in any one of claims 1-8 in removing weapon firing residue.