Highway slope protection structure and anti-sliding stability monitoring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a highway slope protection structure and an anti-sliding stability monitoring method, and belongs to the technical field of slope protection. The slope protection structure comprises a plurality of protection units on a slope body, the units are communicated with flow guide grooves through insertion openings and insertion nozzles, planting holes and water retaining sleeves are arranged in the flow guide grooves, permeable micropores and permeable sponges effectively control water permeation, fixing anchor rods are stably fixed to the slope, and the structural stability is enhanced; according to the anti-slip stability monitoring method, a system comprising a seepage monitoring module, a data transmission module, a data analysis module and an early warning module is constructed, the system monitors the seepage condition in a slope soil body through a water pressure sensor, the hydraulic slope and the anti-slip safety coefficient are calculated in real time, and a corresponding alarm is triggered according to the anti-slip safety coefficient; therefore, measures can be taken timely to ensure slope stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope protection technology, and more specifically, to a highway slope protection structure and a method for monitoring anti-skid stability. Background Technology

[0002] Rainfall is a significant contributing factor to slope collapses along highways. Rainwater infiltration alters the soil's seepage field and generates seepage forces acting on the soil skeleton, thus increasing the slope's instability and tendency to slide downwards. The stability of highway slopes directly impacts driving safety. To ensure driving safety during highway operation, slope protection is necessary to prevent geological disasters and environmental damage caused by rainwater erosion and infiltration.

[0003] Existing technologies typically employ various slope protection structures, such as retaining walls and vegetated slope protection. However, these traditional protection structures still present some problems in practical applications. On the one hand, traditional slope protection structures often focus only on physical blocking or reinforcement, neglecting rainwater drainage and ecological restoration of the slope. During rainfall, rainwater easily accumulates on the slope surface, increasing the slope load and reducing its anti-sliding stability. Simultaneously, slopes lacking vegetation cover are susceptible to wind and rain erosion, leading to soil loss and surface damage. On the other hand, existing slope protection structures also have shortcomings in monitoring anti-sliding stability. Traditional monitoring methods usually rely on manual patrols and periodic inspections, making it difficult to achieve real-time monitoring and early warning of slope stability. Once signs of slope instability appear, they are often difficult to detect and address in a timely manner, thus increasing safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a highway slope protection structure and a method for monitoring anti-skid stability, so as to solve the problems of the existing slope protection structure in terms of rainwater drainage, ecological restoration and anti-skid stability monitoring mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A highway slope protection structure includes a slope body and a drainage channel at the bottom of the slope. Several protection units are fixedly connected to the slope surface of the slope body. The protection units are spliced ​​together to cover the slope surface of the slope body. Each protection unit includes a plate and a water-retaining sleeve. A flow guide groove is provided in the middle of the plate. The flow guide grooves inside adjacent protection units are interconnected. Several planting holes are provided in the inner wall of the flow guide groove. The top of each planting hole is fixedly connected to the water-retaining sleeve. Several permeable micropores are provided on the surface of the water-retaining sleeve.

[0006] Specifically, the top of the plate has a matching port, and the bottom of the plate has a matching nozzle opposite to the matching port. Any two vertically opposite protective units are matched and plugged into each other through the matching nozzle and the matching port. The matching port and the matching nozzle are connected to the flow guide groove, so that the flow guide groove inside several protective units are connected vertically, and the water flows downward fully to reduce leakage.

[0007] Specifically, the length of the water-blocking sleeve is greater than the depth of the inner wall of the guide channel, and several water-blocking sleeves and planting holes are evenly distributed in an array inside the guide channel to prevent water from flowing into the guide channel from the top of the water-blocking sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, the permeable micropores are arranged in a ring array around the water-blocking sleeve. The position of the bottom permeable micropore corresponds to the position of the middle part of the side of the guide channel, thereby changing the water inlet height of the permeable micropores. This ensures that the water flow can only pass through the permeable micropores and enter the interior of the water-blocking sleeve when it reaches a certain height, thus reducing the infiltration of rainwater.

[0009] Furthermore, a permeable sponge is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each of the permeable micropores. The permeable sponge completely covers the permeable micropores, which can slow down the infiltration rate of rainwater and reduce the infiltration of rainwater into the soil layer.

[0010] Specifically, the inner wall of the diversion channel is fitted with several fixed anchor rods, all of which penetrate the plate and are fixedly connected to the slope body, thus stably fixing the plate to the surface of the slope.

[0011] Furthermore, several of the fixed anchor rods are symmetrically distributed on the inner wall of the diversion channel. Each of the fixed anchor rods includes an anchor rod body. A sealing cap is fixedly connected to the top of the anchor rod body, and a rotating head is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the sealing cap. The sealing cap can press the plate body tightly, and the rotating head facilitates the rotation of the anchor rod body to drive into the slope. A sealing gasket is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the sealing cap, and sealing gaskets are also fixedly connected to the four sides of the plate body. This can improve the waterproof effect of the fixed anchor rods and the penetration part, and also improve the sealing effect of the plate body edges, reducing the infiltration of rainwater into the slope.

[0012] A method for monitoring anti-skid stability, used in highway slope protection structures, the monitoring method includes the following steps: S100. Construction of the Anti-slip Stability Monitoring System: To achieve real-time monitoring and early warning of the anti-slip stability of the highway slope protection structure, an anti-slip stability monitoring system is first constructed. This system includes a seepage monitoring module, a data transmission module, a data analysis module, and an early warning module. The seepage monitoring module includes at least two water pressure sensors, which are embedded in the slope body, with the same embedment elevation and the horizontal line connecting the different water pressure sensors parallel to the slope dip. The input and output ends of the data transmission module are connected to the seepage monitoring module and the data analysis module respectively via wireless communication technology. The data analysis module receives the raw data from the data transmission module, performs calculations and analysis on the data, and determines in real time whether the anti-slip safety factor is within the expected range. The early warning module triggers an alarm based on the judgment result of the data analysis module. S200, hydraulic gradient monitoring of slope soil: During rainfall, the piezometric head is collected by the aforementioned water pressure sensor. H p Based on the pressure head difference Δ between any two different water pressure sensors at different locations, H n and seepage path Δ L n The hydraulic gradients at these two different locations were obtained. i’ As shown in the following expression:

[0013] When the water pressure sensor collects multiple sets of data, the hydraulic gradient can be taken. i’ The average value is used as the average hydraulic gradient of the slope body. i ; S300, Real-time verification of anti-sliding stability: During rainfall, data is collected in real time by the water pressure sensor and the average hydraulic gradient of the slope body is calculated. i For cohesive soil, the anti-sliding safety factor of the slope body along the slope surface direction. K Satisfy the following expression:

[0014] in, c w The density of water, c' The buoyant weight of soil. β For slope gradient, f It is the internal friction angle; S400, Slope Protection Safety Early Warning: The data analysis module is based on the anti-sliding safety factor. KThe system determines the slope's anti-sliding stability and transmits the result to the early warning module. The early warning module then triggers an alarm, enabling relevant personnel to understand the on-site situation in real time and take appropriate measures. a、K ≥1.25, the slope is stable and safe; b, 1.05≤ K <1.25, the slope is basically stable, yellow alert, strengthen organizational analysis, and strengthen monitoring and patrols; c, 1≤ K <1.05, slope instability, orange alert, immediately organize the formulation of a special risk treatment plan, and strengthen monitoring and patrols; d、K <1, unstable slope, red alert, immediately evacuate traffic and close the highway, activate the emergency plan, and strengthen monitoring and patrols.

[0015] In summary, the beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention covers the slope surface of the slope body with several protective units, which can greatly reduce the infiltration of rainwater into the slope soil layer. At the same time, the rainwater is quickly guided to the drainage channel through the connected diversion channel. Moreover, through several planting holes and water-retaining sleeves, as well as several permeable micropores opened on the surface of the water-retaining sleeves, the rainwater inside the diversion channel can slowly seep into the interior of the planting holes, so that the plants inside the planting holes can be irrigated. At the same time, the plants can grow out of the planting holes, which can facilitate the ecological restoration of the slope, reduce soil erosion, reduce soil moisture content, and reduce the risk of landslide.

[0016] 2. The method for monitoring the anti-sliding stability of the highway slope protection structure constructs an anti-sliding stability monitoring system, including a seepage monitoring module, a data transmission module, a data analysis module, and an early warning module. This system enables real-time monitoring and early warning of the slope's anti-sliding stability. Water pressure sensors embedded within the slope structure accurately collect water pressure data from the slope soil, allowing for the calculation of the average hydraulic gradient and providing reliable data support for real-time verification of anti-sliding stability. Simultaneously, based on the anti-sliding safety factor K, the early warning module can trigger alarms of different levels, enabling relevant personnel to promptly understand the slope's safety status and take appropriate measures, effectively preventing slope landslides. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the protective unit structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective unit of the present invention; Figure 4This is a flowchart of the anti-slip stability monitoring method of the present invention; In the diagram: 1-Slope body, 2-Drainage channel, 3-Protective unit, 31-Plate body, 32-Drainage channel, 33-Interceptor, 34-Interceptor nozzle, 35-Planting hole, 36-Water-blocking sleeve, 37-Permeable micropore, 38-Fixed anchor, 381-Anchor rod body, 382-Sealing cap, 383-Rotating head. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments given herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may have other embodiments and variations thereof. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0020] like Figure 1 to Figure 3 As shown, a highway slope protection structure includes a slope body 1 and a drainage channel 2 set at the bottom of the slope. Several protection units 3 are fixedly connected to the slope surface of the slope body 1. The protection units 3 are spliced ​​together to cover the slope surface of the slope body 1. Each protection unit 3 includes a plate 31 and a water-blocking sleeve 36. A guide channel 32 is opened in the middle of the plate 31. The guide channels 32 inside the adjacent protection units 3 are interconnected. Several planting holes 35 are opened in the inner wall of the guide channel 32. A water-blocking sleeve 36 is fixedly connected to the top of each planting hole 35. Several water-permeable micropores 37 are opened on the surface of the water-blocking sleeve 36.

[0021] Specifically, the top of the plate 31 has a connector 33, and the bottom of the plate 31 has a connector 34 opposite to the connector 33. Any two vertically opposite protective units are matched and plugged into each other through the connector 34 and the connector 33. The connector 33 and the connector 34 are connected to the guide channel 32. This allows the guide channel 32 inside the several protective units to be connected vertically, so that the water flows downwards fully and reduces leakage.

[0022] Specifically, the length of the water-blocking sleeve 36 is greater than the depth of the inner wall of the guide channel 32, and several water-blocking sleeves 36 and planting holes 35 are evenly distributed in an array inside the guide channel 32, thereby preventing water from flowing into the guide channel 32 from the top of the water-blocking sleeve 36.

[0023] Furthermore, a number of permeable micropores 37 are arranged in a ring array around the water-blocking sleeve 36. The position of the bottom permeable micropore 37 corresponds to the position of the middle part of the side of the guide channel 32, thereby changing the water inlet height of the permeable micropores 37. This ensures that the water flow can only pass through the permeable micropores 37 and enter the interior of the water-blocking sleeve 36 when it reaches a certain height, thus reducing the infiltration of rainwater.

[0024] Furthermore, the inner walls of several permeable micropores 37 are fixedly connected with permeable sponges, which completely cover the permeable micropores 37. The permeable sponges can slow down the infiltration rate of rainwater and reduce the infiltration of rainwater into the soil layer.

[0025] Specifically, the inner wall of the diversion channel 32 is fitted with several fixed anchor rods 38, which all penetrate the plate 31 and are fixedly connected to the slope body 1. The plate 31 can be stably fixed to the surface of the slope through the several fixed anchor rods 38.

[0026] Furthermore, several fixed anchor rods 38 are symmetrically distributed on the inner wall of the guide channel 32. Each fixed anchor rod 38 includes an anchor rod body 381. A sealing cap 382 is fixedly connected to the top of the anchor rod body 381. A rotating head 383 is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the sealing cap 382. The sealing cap 382 can press the plate body 31 tightly, and the rotating head 383 facilitates the rotation of the anchor rod body 381 into the slope. A sealing gasket is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the sealing cap 382, ​​and sealing gaskets are also fixedly connected to the four sides of the plate body 31. The sealing gaskets can improve the waterproof effect of the fixed anchor rods 38 and the penetration part, and also improve the sealing effect of the edge of the plate body 31, reducing the infiltration of rainwater into the slope.

[0027] In this specific embodiment, based on a highway slope protection and greening project, the soil layer of the slope involved is medium sand with high density. c 19.6 kN / m 3 Buoyancy c' 10.0 kN / m 3 internal friction angle f The slope is 40°. β The angle is 30°; for the slope involved in this embodiment, the highway slope protection structure and anti-slip stability monitoring method described in this invention are adopted, the method including: S100. Construction of the Anti-slip Stability Monitoring System: To achieve real-time monitoring and early warning of the anti-slip stability of the highway slope protection structure, an anti-slip stability monitoring system is first constructed. This system includes a seepage monitoring module, a data transmission module, a data analysis module, and an early warning module. The seepage monitoring module includes four water pressure sensors, which are embedded in the slope body, with the same embedment elevation and the horizontal line connecting them parallel to the slope dip. The input and output ends of the data transmission module are connected to the seepage monitoring module and the data analysis module respectively via wireless communication technology. The data analysis module receives the raw data from the data transmission module, performs calculations and analysis on the data, and determines in real time whether the anti-slip safety factor is within the expected range. The early warning module triggers an alarm based on the judgment result of the data analysis module. S200, hydraulic gradient monitoring of slope soil: During rainfall, the piezometric head is collected by the aforementioned water pressure sensor. H p Based on the pressure head difference Δ between any two different water pressure sensors at different locations, H n and seepage path Δ L n The hydraulic gradient at any two different locations is obtained. i’ Subsequently, water-powered slope descent i’ The average value is used as the average hydraulic gradient of the slope body. i As shown in the following expression: (1) In contrast, for the same slope under the same working conditions but without any slope protection measures, the average hydraulic gradient calculated according to equation (1) is as follows: i 0 is 0.2493; S300, Real-time verification of anti-sliding stability: During rainfall, data is collected in real time by the water pressure sensor and the average hydraulic gradient of the slope body is calculated. i For cohesive soil, the anti-sliding safety factor of the slope body along the slope surface direction. K Satisfy the following expression: (2) in, c w The density of water, c' The buoyant weight of soil. β For slope gradient, f It is the internal friction angle; In contrast, for the same slope under identical working conditions but without any slope protection measures, the anti-sliding safety factor calculated according to equation (2) is... K 0 It is 0.904; by comparison K 1 and K 2 The magnitude of the value indicates that the highway slope protection structure described in this invention can effectively reduce the degree of rainwater infiltration into the slope, and reduce the water content and hydraulic gradient of the slope soil, thereby improving the overall anti-sliding stability of the slope. S400, Slope Protection Safety Early Warning: The data analysis module is based on the anti-sliding safety factor. K The system determines the slope's anti-sliding stability and transmits the result to the early warning module. The early warning module then triggers an alarm, enabling relevant personnel to understand the on-site situation in real time and take appropriate measures. a. K≥1.25, the slope is stable and safe; b. If 1.05 ≤ K < 1.25, the slope is basically stable, a yellow alert is issued, and organizational analysis, monitoring, and patrols should be strengthened. c, 1≤ K <1.05, slope instability, orange alert, immediately organize the formulation of a special risk treatment plan, and strengthen monitoring and patrols; d 、K <1, slope instability, red alert, immediately evacuate traffic and close the highway, activate the emergency plan, and strengthen monitoring and patrols; In specific implementation, when adopting the highway slope protection structure described in this invention, the anti-slip safety factor of the slope body sliding along the slope surface direction is... K Satisfying 1.05≤ K <1.25, the slope is basically stable, triggering a yellow alert. Strengthen organizational analysis, monitoring and patrols. In contrast, for the same slope under the same working conditions but without any slope protection measures, the anti-sliding safety factor calculated according to equation (2) satisfies... K <1, the slope is unstable, triggering a red alert. Immediately evacuate traffic and close the highway, activate the emergency plan, and strengthen monitoring and patrols.

[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A highway slope protection structure, characterized in that: The structure includes a slope body (1) and a drainage channel (2) set at the bottom of the slope. The slope body (1) is fixedly connected to a number of protective units (3). The protective units (3) are spliced ​​together to cover the slope body (1). Each protective unit (3) includes a plate (31) and a water-blocking sleeve (36). A flow channel (32) is provided in the middle of the plate (31). The flow channels (32) inside the adjacent protective units (3) are interconnected. The inner wall of the flow channel (32) is provided with a number of planting holes (35). The top of each of the planting holes (35) is fixedly connected to the water-blocking sleeve (36). The surface of the water-blocking sleeve (36) is provided with a number of permeable micropores (37).

2. The highway slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the plate (31) has a connector (33), and the bottom of the plate (31) has a connector (34) opposite to the connector (33). Any two vertically opposite protective units are matched and plugged into each other through the connector (34) and the connector (33). The connector (33) and the connector (34) are both connected to the guide groove (32).

3. The highway slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the water-blocking sleeve (36) is greater than the depth of the inner wall of the guide channel (32), and several of the water-blocking sleeves (36) and the planting holes (35) are evenly distributed in an array inside the guide channel (32).

4. The highway slope protection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The permeable micropores (37) are arranged in a ring array around the water-blocking sleeve (36), and the position of the bottom permeable micropore (37) corresponds to the position of the middle part of the side of the guide groove (32).

5. A highway slope protection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner walls of several of the permeable micropores (37) are fixedly connected with permeable sponges, and the permeable sponges completely cover the permeable micropores (37).

6. The highway slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the diversion channel (32) is fitted with several fixed anchor rods (38), and the fixed anchor rods (38) all penetrate the plate (31) and are fixedly connected to the slope body (1).

7. A highway slope protection structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: Several fixed anchor rods (38) are symmetrically distributed on the inner wall of the guide channel (32). Each fixed anchor rod (38) includes an anchor rod body (381). A sealing cover (382) is fixedly connected to the top of the anchor rod body (381). A rotating head (383) is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the sealing cover (382), and a sealing gasket is fixedly connected to the bottom surface. Sealing gaskets are also fixedly connected to the four sides of the plate (31).

8. A method for monitoring anti-skid stability, characterized in that: The monitoring method, used for any of the highway slope protection structures described in claims 1-7, includes the following steps: Construction of S100 Anti-skid Stability Monitoring System The system includes a seepage monitoring module, a data transmission module, a data analysis module, and an early warning module; The seepage monitoring module includes no less than two water pressure sensors, which are embedded in the slope body. The different water pressure sensors are embedded at the same elevation and the horizontal line connecting them is parallel to the slope dip. The input and output terminals of the data transmission module are connected to the seepage monitoring module and the data analysis module respectively via wireless communication technology. The data analysis module is used to receive the raw data transmitted by the data transmission module, and to perform calculations and analysis on the data to determine in real time whether the anti-slip safety factor is within the expected range. The early warning module is used to trigger an alarm based on the judgment result of the data analysis module; S200, hydraulic gradient monitoring within slope soil The water head in the piezometer is collected by the water pressure sensor during rainfall. H p Based on the pressure head difference Δ between any two different water pressure sensors at different locations, H n and seepage path Δ L n The hydraulic gradients at these two different locations were obtained. i’ As shown in the following expression: When the water pressure sensor collects multiple sets of data, the hydraulic gradient is taken. i’ The average value is used as the average hydraulic gradient of the slope body. i ; S300, Real-time verification of anti-skid stability For cohesionless soil, the anti-sliding safety factor of the slope body along the slope surface direction K Satisfy the following expression: in, γ w The density of water, γ' The buoyant weight of soil. β For slope gradient, φ It is the internal friction angle; S400, Slope Protection Safety Early Warning The data analysis module is based on the anti-slip safety factor. K The system determines the slope's anti-sliding stability and transmits the result to the early warning module. The early warning module then triggers an alarm, enabling relevant personnel to understand the on-site situation in real time and take appropriate measures. a. When K ≥1.25, the slope is stable and safe; b, 1.05≤ K <1.25, the slope is basically stable, yellow alert, strengthen organizational analysis, and strengthen monitoring and patrols; c, 1≤ K <1.05, slope instability, orange alert, immediately organize the formulation of a special risk treatment plan, and strengthen monitoring and patrols; d 、K <1, unstable slope, red alert, immediately evacuate traffic and close the highway, activate the emergency plan, and strengthen monitoring and patrols.

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