Suspension tunnel system, suspension tunnel system and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of floating tunnels, in particular to a floating tunnel system, a floating tunnel system and a construction method. Comprising at least two floating tunnel sections, and a first adjusting gap is formed between every two adjacent floating tunnel sections; the force applying assembly is used for applying first external force to the floating tunnel sections, so that the floating tunnel sections are in a tension state in the length direction of the floating tunnel sections; the force application assembly can drive the adjacent floating tunnel sections to be close to or away from each other by changing the magnitude of the first external force. According to the floating tunnel system, by means of the force application assemblies, the tensile force of the floating tunnel sections in the length direction of the floating tunnel sections can be adjusted, mutual stress between the adjacent floating tunnel sections can be adjusted, the floating tunnel system can be correspondingly adjusted based on different working conditions, and the working efficiency of the floating tunnel system is improved. Therefore, the purpose of better adapting to the use working condition is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of suspended tunnels, and in particular to a suspended tunnel system, a suspended tunnel construction method, and a suspended tunnel system. Background Technology

[0002] A suspended tunnel is a new type of cross-sea passage that combines the characteristics of both a tunnel and a marine structure. It is a circular or elliptical pipe structure suspended in the water, forming a passageway underwater. Suspended tunnels rely on buoyancy to support their weight and are not limited by span or water depth, allowing them to be built in locations with long spans, deep water, and steep terrain.

[0003] Currently, suspended tunnels are generally formed by connecting multiple segments. This makes it impossible to tension and adjust the suspended tunnel segments after installation or during later use, and also makes it impossible to adjust the mutual force between adjacent suspended tunnel segments, thus preventing the suspended tunnel from better adapting to the operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art that the stiffness of suspended tunnel segments cannot be adjusted in the length direction, and the force between adjacent suspended tunnel segments cannot be adjusted, and to provide a suspended tunnel system, a suspended tunnel system, and a construction method.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a suspended tunnel system, comprising At least two suspended tunnel segments, with a first adjustment gap between adjacent suspended tunnel segments; A force-applying component is used to apply a first external force to the suspended tunnel segment, so that the suspended tunnel segment is in a tensile state along its length direction; Along the length of the suspended tunnel segment, the force-applying component can move adjacent suspended tunnel segments closer to or further apart by changing the magnitude of the first external force.

[0006] It should be noted that: the suspended tunnel segment is in a state of tension along its length direction, which means that the suspended tunnel segment is pulled from both ends along its length direction, which is completely different from the prestressing tension of the suspended tunnel segment.

[0007] The suspended tunnel system described in this application applies tension or thrust to the suspended tunnel segment through a force-applying component, causing the suspended tunnel segment to be in a tensile state along its length direction, thereby increasing the axial force of the suspended tunnel segment, and thus increasing the geometric stiffness of the suspended tunnel segment, thereby increasing the stability of the suspended tunnel segment under lateral external forces.

[0008] Based on the above, since there is a first adjustment gap between adjacent suspended tunnel segments, and the force application component can drive adjacent suspended tunnel segments to move closer or further apart along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segments, the first adjustment gap along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segments increases or decreases. This allows the force application component to adjust the mutual force between adjacent suspended tunnel segments and the magnitude of the tensile force on the suspended tunnel segments along their length direction, thereby achieving a better fit for the operating conditions.

[0009] For example, in a preferred scenario: considering the allowance for tension adjustment in the later stages of the suspended tunnel segment, more specifically, factors such as winter-summer cycles, temperature rise and fall, and material shrinkage and creep affect the length change of the suspended tunnel segment, there is a first adjustment gap between adjacent suspended tunnel segments, which is also a reserve consideration for the joint between adjacent suspended tunnel segments.

[0010] Furthermore, since there is a first adjustment gap between adjacent suspended tunnel segments, and the force application component can drive adjacent suspended tunnel segments to move closer or further apart along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segments, resonance with the load on the suspended tunnel system can be effectively avoided.

[0011] At the same time, through the cooperation of the first adjustment gap and the force application component, the rotational stiffness of the joint between adjacent suspended tunnel segments can be adjusted, thereby optimizing the stress at the joint between adjacent suspended tunnel segments.

[0012] Due to the complexity of marine conditions, it is currently impossible to accurately estimate all parameters under marine conditions. After the installation of adjacent suspended tunnel segments, in order to consider the uncertainties of the loads on the suspended tunnel segments in the future, such as the uncertainty of wave forces and vehicle loads, or the changes in the function of the suspended tunnel system [more specifically, for example, changes in the operating conditions of the suspended tunnel segments as the operating period changes], or the adjustments to changes in functional requirements [more specifically, for example, changes in translational displacement, translational acceleration, rotational displacement, or rotational acceleration], the suspended tunnel system of this application adapts to the broader needs of the suspended tunnel system by increasing or decreasing the magnitude of the first external force on the suspended tunnel segments and the magnitude of the forces between adjacent suspended tunnel segments.

[0013] In summary, the suspended tunnel system described in this application can adjust not only the magnitude of the tensile force on the suspended tunnel segment along its length direction using the force-applying component, but also the mutual force between adjacent suspended tunnel segments. This allows the suspended tunnel system to be adjusted according to different working conditions, thereby achieving a better fit for the operating conditions.

[0014] Based on the above, since there is a first adjustment gap between adjacent suspended tunnel segments, and the force application component can drive adjacent suspended tunnel segments to move closer or further apart along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segments, the force application component can adjust the mutual force between adjacent suspended tunnel segments and the magnitude of the tensile force on the suspended tunnel segments along their length direction, thereby achieving the purpose of better adapting to the working conditions.

[0015] It should be noted that the length direction of the suspended tunnel segment is the route direction of the suspended tunnel segment, such as the traffic flow direction it forms.

[0016] It should be noted that when the force-applying component applies the first external force to the suspended tunnel segment at least twice, the magnitude of the first external force applied on the two occasions may be different.

[0017] Preferably, the first external force is a tensile force or a thrust force.

[0018] Preferably, changing the magnitude of the first external force includes increasing the first external force or decreasing the first external force.

[0019] Preferably, adjacent suspended tunnel segments are sealed together; the first adjustment gap is located within the sealed space between adjacent suspended tunnel segments.

[0020] The suspended tunnel system described in this application establishes a first adjustment gap between adjacent suspended tunnel segments during installation. This allows the suspended tunnel segments to have room to move relative to each other after installation, thus meeting the needs of relative movement between adjacent suspended tunnel segments. Simultaneously, the first adjustment gap is located within a sealed space between adjacent suspended tunnel segments to prevent external water from entering the interior of the suspended tunnel segments during subsequent relative movement, thus avoiding any impact on the use of the suspended tunnel segments.

[0021] Preferably, a transition component is provided between at least two adjacent suspended tunnel segments, and the force-applying component can drive the suspended tunnel segment to move relative to the transition component along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segment.

[0022] Preferably, at least two adjacent suspended tunnel segments are not parallel to each other. In order to achieve a flexible horizontal alignment of the suspended tunnel system, considering the actual terrain, geology, hydrology, and navigation route planning optimization needs, at least two adjacent suspended tunnel segments are not parallel to each other, thereby enabling the route to turn.

[0023] Preferably, the direction in which the force-applying component applies force to the suspended tunnel segment forms an angle A with the axial direction of at least one side of the suspended tunnel segment. To achieve a flexible horizontal alignment of the suspended tunnel system, considering the actual terrain, geology, hydrology, and navigation route planning optimization needs, the tension axial forces of the two suspended tunnel segments are allowed to be non-parallel at the transition component, thereby enabling the suspension tunnel system to turn.

[0024] Preferably, the included angle A is in the range of 0 < A ≤ 10°. The suspended tunnel system described in this application, in order to achieve a flexible horizontal alignment considering the actual terrain, geology, hydrology, and navigation route planning optimization needs, allows for non-parallel tension axial forces between the two sides of the suspended tunnel segments at the transition component, resulting in a small acute angle, thereby enabling the suspension tunnel system to turn.

[0025] Preferably, the buoyancy of the transition component is greater than the weight of the transition component, and a first tension component is connected to the transition component to limit the upward movement of the transition component. The first tension component is used to provide a first tension to the transition component, and the first tension is used to resist at least part of the buoyancy of the transition component.

[0026] The suspended tunnel system described in this application, in both above-water and underwater operating conditions, allows the water to generate a buoyancy force greater than the self-weight of the transition component. Simultaneously, a first tension component restricts the transition component's upward movement, resulting in a relatively stable vertical force balance. This significantly reduces or eliminates the buoyancy interference of the transition component on the corresponding suspended tunnel segment, thereby reducing the construction difficulty and cost of the suspended tunnel segment. Furthermore, since the buoyancy of the transition component exceeds its own weight, a portion of the residual buoyancy serves as potential energy reserves. This provides geometric stiffness to the transition component and effectively reduces or eliminates potential unbalanced forces in other directions, especially when the suspended tunnel system's route involves curves.

[0027] Preferably, the buoyancy F_buoyancy of the transition component is ≥1.2G, where G is the weight of the transition component. This ensures that the displacement volume of the transition component is large enough, and its buoyancy is much greater than its own weight, generating a large amount of residual buoyancy as potential energy reserve. This provides the component with its own geometric stiffness while eliminating unbalanced forces that may exist in other directions, especially when the suspended tunnel system has curves.

[0028] Preferably, the first pulling force is used to resist all the buoyancy of the transition component.

[0029] Preferably, the first tension component is connected to the bottom of the transition component and extends downward.

[0030] Preferably, the first tension component is inclined relative to the vertical. This inclined arrangement of the first tension component balances the external forces exerted by the suspended tunnel segments on the transition component, which could cause the transition component to exhibit an unbalanced tendency, thereby effectively increasing the stability of the transition component.

[0031] Preferably, it further includes an auxiliary tension component, which is connected to the transition component. The suspended tunnel segments on both sides of the transition component form an arc-shaped structure or a bent structure, and the lower part of the auxiliary tension component is located on the convex side of the arc-shaped structure or the bent structure.

[0032] The auxiliary tension component is used to balance the external forces exerted on the transition component by the suspended tunnel segment, which cause the transition component to tend towards imbalance, thereby effectively increasing the stability of the transition component.

[0033] Preferably, adjacent suspended tunnel segments are sealed together by the transition assembly.

[0034] The suspended tunnel system described in this application includes a transition component that seals adjacent suspended tunnel segments together, thereby preventing external water from entering the suspended tunnel segments and affecting their use during relative movement.

[0035] Preferably, the transition component has a first cavity; at least one end of the suspended tunnel segment extends into the first cavity, and the sidewall of the suspended tunnel segment is sealed to the first cavity.

[0036] The suspended tunnel system described in this application, by setting a transition component with a first cavity, and having one end of the suspended tunnel segment extend into the first cavity and seal with it, can ensure that a seal is formed between the suspended tunnel segment and the transition component after installation and during subsequent use. This achieves the effect of sealing adjacent suspended tunnel segments through the transition component, thus preventing external water from entering the first cavity from the joint between the suspended tunnel segment and the transition component, which would affect the use of the suspended tunnel segment.

[0037] Preferably, the sidewall of the suspended tunnel segment and the first cavity are in a sliding sealing fit.

[0038] The suspended tunnel system described in this application, by setting a transition component with a first cavity, and having one end of the suspended tunnel segment extend into the first cavity and slide and seal with the first cavity, can ensure that the suspended tunnel segment can still form a seal with the first cavity when adjacent suspended tunnel segments move closer or further apart. This prevents external water from entering the first cavity from the joint between the suspended tunnel segment and the transition component during the process of adjacent suspended tunnel segments moving closer or further apart, thus affecting the use of the suspended tunnel segment.

[0039] Preferably, the first adjustment gap is located within the first cavity.

[0040] The suspended tunnel system described in this application, due to the presence of transition components and the sealed fit between the sidewalls of the suspended tunnel segments and the first cavity, provides a dry environment within the first cavity after construction or during subsequent use. In this case, a first adjustment gap is established between adjacent suspended tunnel segments during installation. This allows the suspended tunnel segments to have tensioning space during later maintenance tensioning, thus meeting the requirements of subsequent maintenance tensioning.

[0041] Furthermore, the suspended tunnel system described in this application does not require docking between adjacent suspended tunnel segments. Moreover, the sealing between the suspended tunnel segments and the first cavity provides convenient conditions for the adjacent suspended tunnel segments to be non-parallel. Based on this, by allowing at least two adjacent suspended tunnel segments to be non-parallel, and permitting non-parallel tension axial forces on both sides of the force application component at the transition component, the overall horizontal curve of the suspended tunnel is achieved, thereby enabling the turning of the route. This effectively avoids the high construction and manufacturing difficulties caused by the high precision required for docking of adjacent suspended tunnel segments, thus effectively reducing the construction difficulty.

[0042] Preferably, at least a portion of the force-applying component is located within the first cavity.

[0043] The suspended tunnel system described in this application is based on the fact that a first cavity can form a dry construction environment. When at least a part of the force-applying component is located in the first cavity, the transition component can serve as a protective structure for dry construction, which can isolate the external seawater and facilitate construction.

[0044] Preferably, at least a portion of the force-applying component is located within the first cavity.

[0045] Preferably, the transition component is provided with a pipe, the pipe is connected to the outer wall of the transition component by a transverse connecting structure, the pipe is spaced apart from the outer wall of the transition component, the pipe forms a first cavity, and the inner wall of the pipe is sealed to the outer wall of the suspended tunnel segment.

[0046] Preferably, the ends of the suspended tunnel segments located on both sides of the transition component extend into the first cavity and are sealed with the first cavity.

[0047] Preferably, the bottom of the first cavity has a downward-facing recess to facilitate the insertion of the end of the suspended tunnel segment into the first cavity during installation.

[0048] Preferably, a first through hole is provided on the cavity wall of the first cavity, and an annular flexible sealing ring structure is provided circumferentially on the side wall of the first through hole. The end of the suspended tunnel segment passes through the first through hole, and the suspended tunnel segment and the side wall of the first through hole are sealed to each other by the annular flexible sealing ring structure.

[0049] The suspended tunnel system described in this application includes an annular flexible sealing ring structure that enables sealing between the suspended tunnel segment and the sidewall of the first through hole. Furthermore, it provides a certain angle of deformation space during the process of the end of the suspended tunnel segment extending into the first cavity, thereby facilitating the installation of the suspended tunnel segment.

[0050] Preferably, the force-applying component includes a tension structure connected between adjacent suspended tunnel segments.

[0051] The suspended tunnel system described in this application uses a force-applying component to enable the opposite ends of adjacent suspended tunnel segments to pull against each other, thereby achieving force balance on both sides of the suspended tunnel segments along the length of the suspended tunnel segments. This effectively reduces or avoids the impact of the force-applying component on the suspended tunnel segments' tensile or thrust forces on the transition component, thus effectively reducing the force requirements of the transition component along the length of the suspended tunnel segments and further reducing the cost of the transition component.

[0052] Preferably, the tie structure includes at least two first tie structures, each tie structure includes a first connector, at least one end of the first connector is provided with a first anchoring structure, the suspended tunnel segment is provided with a first support structure, and the first anchoring structure is connected to the first support structure on the corresponding side.

[0053] Preferably, the first connector includes at least one of a rod and a flexible rope.

[0054] Preferably, the first anchoring structure includes an anchor or a nut.

[0055] Preferably, the first support structure includes a first corbel structure, and one end of the first tie structure passes through the first corbel structure and abuts against the first corbel structure.

[0056] Preferably, the force-applying component includes two corresponding force-applying component units, wherein: one force-applying component unit is connected between the transition component and a suspended tunnel segment on one side, and applies a second external force to the suspended tunnel segment; the other force-applying component unit is connected between the transition component and a suspended tunnel segment on the other side, and applies a third external force to the suspended tunnel segment; the second external force and the third external force are in opposite directions.

[0057] The suspended tunnel system described in this application has two corresponding force-applying component units, which are easier to construct than the tension type. Moreover, the total length of the two force-applying component units is shorter than that of the tension structure, saving more materials. Furthermore, in special cases, the second and third external forces do not need to be strictly coaxial and opposite. There can be a small angle between the second and third external forces to adapt to more working conditions.

[0058] However, compared to the tensioned structure, the above scheme cannot achieve strict synchronous application of the second and third external forces during construction. Therefore, its impact on the stress of the transition component is greater than that of the tensioned structure, making the cost of the transition component in this scheme higher than that of the transition component in the tensioned structure.

[0059] It should be noted that as long as the component of the second external force along the length of the suspended tunnel segment is opposite to the component of the third external force along the length of the suspended tunnel segment, the second external force and the third external force can be considered to be opposite in direction.

[0060] Preferably, at least two support seats are provided at intervals along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segment on the transition component, and the force application component unit is connected between the support seats and the suspended tunnel segment on the corresponding side, and the suspended tunnel segment and the support seats have a second gap.

[0061] Preferably, the support seat is located between adjacent suspended tunnel segments. This arrangement makes construction more convenient.

[0062] Preferably, the support seat is located on the outside of the corresponding suspended tunnel segment.

[0063] Preferably, the force-applying component unit is a jack.

[0064] Preferably, the force-applying component unit includes at least two second tie structures, each second tie structure including a second connector and two second anchor structures, the two second anchor structures being spaced apart on the second connector, a second support structure being provided on the suspended tunnel segment, the second anchor structure near the second support structure being in a limiting fit with the second support structure, and the second anchor structure near the load-bearing seat being in a limiting fit with the load-bearing seat.

[0065] Preferably, the second connector includes at least one of a rod and a flexible rope.

[0066] Preferably, the second anchoring structure includes an anchor or a nut.

[0067] Preferably, the second support structure includes a second corbel structure, and one end of the second connector passes through the first corbel structure and abuts against the first corbel structure.

[0068] Preferably, the system further includes a second cavity that is connected to the first cavity. The suspended tunnel system described in this application, by providing a second cavity, allows water to be extracted from the first cavity during installation, creating a dry environment in the first cavity to facilitate subsequent construction.

[0069] Preferably, the second cavity is located on the transition component. In the suspended tunnel system described in this application, the second cavity is located on the transition component, and during the process of the second cavity extracting water from the first cavity, the buoyancy of the transition component does not change significantly, thus facilitating construction control.

[0070] Preferably, it includes a connecting channel and a power unit, wherein: A connecting channel connects the second cavity and the first cavity, and a valve is provided on the connecting channel to control the opening and closing of the connecting channel; The power unit is used to drive the liquid in the first cavity to flow into the second cavity.

[0071] Preferably, the transition components are provided at both ends of the suspended tunnel segment.

[0072] Preferably, at least one of the transition components is also connected to a buoy.

[0073] Preferably, the pontoon is located above the transition assembly.

[0074] The suspended tunnel system described in this application provides "inverted pendulum" stiffness by generating enormous vertical buoyancy through a combined cavity or an attached float.

[0075] Preferably, the pontoon is connected to the transition assembly below it via a flexible structure.

[0076] Preferably, a channel connects the pontoon to at least one of the transition components.

[0077] The suspended tunnel system described in this application allows the passageway to be used as a maintenance access route or a fire escape route, etc.

[0078] Preferably, a first transition structure is provided between adjacent suspended tunnel segments.

[0079] The suspended tunnel system described in this application includes a first adjustment gap between adjacent suspended tunnel segments. To ensure the continuity of the passageway within the suspended tunnel during later operation, a first transition structure is provided between adjacent suspended tunnel segments.

[0080] Preferably, the first transition structure overlaps with at least one adjacent suspended tunnel segment. In the suspended tunnel system described in this application, the first transition structure overlaps with at least one adjacent suspended tunnel segment to facilitate subsequent construction operations where force-applying components move the adjacent suspended tunnel segments closer or further apart.

[0081] Preferably, the suspended tunnel segment is provided with a prestressing member along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segment, and the prestressing member is used to apply prestress along its length direction to the suspended tunnel segment.

[0082] The suspended tunnel system described in this application includes a suspended tunnel segment with prestressed members along its length. This prestress is applied to the suspended tunnel segment along its length, increasing its tensile strength and thus meeting the requirement of the force-applying component to apply a first external force to the suspended tunnel segment. This prevents structural damage when the suspended tunnel segment is under tension along its length.

[0083] Preferably, the suspended tunnel segment includes a concrete segment, the outer side of which is connected to a steel structure, and the prestressed member is disposed on the concrete segment.

[0084] It is important to emphasize that the force-applying component applies a first external force to the suspended tunnel segment, placing it in a tensile state along its length. The principle is that by subjecting the entire suspended tunnel segment to tension, the axial force of the segment is increased, thereby increasing its geometric stiffness and stability under lateral forces. In contrast, the prestressing applied along the length of the suspended tunnel segment relies on the structure at the end of the prestressing member (e.g., anchorages) to transfer the pretensioning force of the prestressing tendons to the concrete segment, generating precompression stress to improve the crack resistance of the concrete segment and prevent premature cracking. The principles of the two are completely different.

[0085] Preferably, the concrete segment is provided with multiple shear members connected to the steel structure.

[0086] Preferably, the concrete segment includes at least two concrete pipe sections arranged in the same direction, and at least one of the concrete pipe sections is provided with the prestressing member, which is used to apply prestress to the concrete pipe section along its length direction.

[0087] Preferably, the steel structure includes a steel shell pipe section sleeved and connected to the outside of the concrete pipe section, and the steel shell pipe sections of adjacent suspended tunnel segments are connected to each other.

[0088] Preferably, after applying prestress to the suspended tunnel segment, the relationship between the shortened length range of the suspended tunnel segment and the axial length of the suspended tunnel segment is: k=EA / L, delta_L=N / k, where E is the section elastic modulus, which is equal to the weighted average elastic modulus of the steel structure and concrete segments, i.e. (EcAc+EsAs) / (Ac+As)=(EcAc+EsAs) / A; where L is the distance from one transition component to another or from one transition component to the connecting bank, and the connecting bank is the connection position between the bank and the suspended tunnel; N is the axial tensile force of the suspended tunnel segment; Ec is the section elastic modulus of the steel structure; Es is the section elastic modulus of the concrete segment; Ac is the section area of ​​the steel structure; and As is the section area of ​​the concrete segment.

[0089] Preferably, one end of the suspended tunnel segment is connected to the force-applying component along its length, while the other end is fixedly disposed. In this case, the force-applying component applies a first external force to the suspended tunnel segment. Since the other end of the suspended tunnel segment is fixedly disposed, the suspended tunnel segment is in a tensile state along its length; this solution is a unilateral tension.

[0090] Preferably, both ends of the suspended tunnel segment are connected to force-applying components along its length. In this case, regardless of which side of the force-applying component applies the first external force to the suspended tunnel segment, or whether the force-applying components on both sides apply opposite first external forces to the suspended tunnel segment at the same time, the suspended tunnel segment can be in a tensile state along its length. This scheme is a two-sided tension.

[0091] Preferably, the force-applying component is capable of at least two tensioning operations, and the at least two tensioning operations are capable of causing adjacent suspended tunnel segments to move relative to each other along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segments.

[0092] The suspended tunnel system described in this application allows the force-applying component to move adjacent suspended tunnel segments relative to each other at least twice along the length of the suspended tunnel segments. For example, during installation, the force-applying component brings adjacent suspended tunnel segments closer together, causing the suspended tunnel segments to be under tension along their length. After installation or during later use, adjacent suspended tunnel segments can still move closer or further apart through the force-applying component, thereby adjusting the mutual force between adjacent suspended tunnel segments and the magnitude of the tensile force on the suspended tunnel segments along their length.

[0093] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a suspended tunnel system comprising at least one section of a suspended tunnel system as described in this application.

[0094] The suspended tunnel system described in this application applies tensile or thrust forces to the suspended tunnel segments via a force-applying component, placing the segments in a tensile state along their length. This increases the axial force on the suspended tunnel segments, thereby increasing their geometric stiffness and ultimately enhancing their stability under lateral forces. Furthermore, because adjacent suspended tunnel segments have a first adjustment gap, and the force-applying component can move adjacent segments closer together along their length, it allows for adjustment of the forces acting on adjacent segments and the magnitude of the tensile force along their length, thus better adapting to different operating conditions.

[0095] Preferably, at least a portion of the transition component is located underwater.

[0096] Preferably, at least a portion of the transition component is located underwater.

[0097] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a construction method for constructing a suspended tunnel system as described in this application; The construction method includes the following steps: S1. Install at least two suspended tunnel segments, install a force-applying component between two adjacent suspended tunnel segments, and apply a first external force to the suspended tunnel segments on both sides of the force-applying component, so that the suspended tunnel segments are in a state of tension along their length. S2. Increase or decrease the first external force to cause the force-applying component to move adjacent suspended tunnel segments closer or further apart.

[0098] This application describes a construction method for a suspended tunnel system. By applying tension or thrust to the suspended tunnel segments using a force-applying component, the segments are placed under tension along their length, increasing the axial force and geometric stiffness of the suspended tunnel segments, thereby enhancing their stability under lateral forces. Furthermore, because adjacent suspended tunnel segments have a first adjustment gap, and the force-applying component can move adjacent segments closer together along their length, the component can adjust the mutual forces between adjacent segments and the magnitude of the tensile force along the length of each segment, thus better adapting to different operating conditions.

[0099] Preferably, when a transition assembly is provided between at least two adjacent suspended tunnel segments, and the transition assembly has a first cavity; at least one end of the suspended tunnel segment located on one side of the transition assembly extends into the first cavity, and the sidewall of the suspended tunnel segment is sealed to the first cavity, Step S1 is as follows: S11. Prefabricate the suspended tunnel segments and transition components, and install the transition components; S12. Insert one end of the suspended tunnel segment into the first cavity of the adjacent transition component, and insert the corresponding end of the suspended tunnel segment on the other side of the transition component into the first cavity from the other side of the transition component, and seal the suspended tunnel segment with the first cavity. S13. The suspended tunnel segments on both sides of the transition component are subjected to at least one tensioning action by the force-applying component, and the suspended tunnel segments are placed in a tensioned state along their length direction.

[0100] Preferably, the outermost suspended tunnel segment is tensioned to the joint on the shore.

[0101] Preferably, in step S11 or step S12, the transition component is loaded, and the transition component is unloaded after the suspended tunnel system is installed.

[0102] Preferably, an annular flexible sealing ring structure is provided between the suspended tunnel segment and the transition component; Step S12 specifically includes the following steps: S121: Rotate the transition assembly or move it away from the side of the suspended tunnel segment to make room for the installation of the suspended tunnel segment, and then insert one end of the suspended tunnel segment into the first cavity of the adjacent transition assembly and seal it with the transition assembly. S122: The corresponding end of the suspended tunnel segment on the other side of the transition component is inserted into the first cavity from the other side of the transition component by means of the deformation of the annular flexible sealing ring structure, and then the suspended tunnel segment is rotated to the installation position.

[0103] Preferably, between steps S121 and S122, the transition component is rotated or moved back to its original position.

[0104] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The suspended tunnel system described in this application applies tensile or thrust forces to the suspended tunnel segments via a force-applying component, placing the suspended tunnel segments in a tensile state along their length direction. This increases the axial force on the suspended tunnel segments, thereby increasing their geometric stiffness and ultimately enhancing their stability under lateral forces. Furthermore, because adjacent suspended tunnel segments have a first adjustment gap, and the force-applying component can move adjacent segments closer together along their length direction, the component can adjust the mutual forces between adjacent segments and the magnitude of the tensile force on each segment along its length, thus achieving better adaptation to operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0105] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram (with pontoons) of a suspended tunnel system described in this application.

[0106] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the transition component described in this application.

[0107] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram (without buoys) of a suspended tunnel system described in this application.

[0108] Figure 4 This is a front view schematic diagram of a suspended tunnel system (with pontoons) described in this application.

[0109] Figure 5 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of a suspended tunnel system described in this application (without buoys).

[0110] Figure 6 The appendix described in this application Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of section A in the middle.

[0111] Figure 7 The appendix described in this application Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of section A (with a second cavity).

[0112] Figure 8 The appendix described in this application Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A (with a concave portion).

[0113] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the interaction of the transition component, suspended tunnel segment, and force-applying component described in this application.

[0114] Figure 10 The appendix described in this application Figure 9 Enlarged schematic diagram of section B in the middle.

[0115] Figure 11 This is a front view schematic diagram of the structure of a suspended tunnel system described in this application (without buoys).

[0116] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary tension component described in this application (the first tension component is set vertically).

[0117] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary tension component described in this application (the first tension component is tilted).

[0118] Figure 14 A schematic diagram showing the setup of the first force-applying component unit and the second force-applying component unit as described in this application.

[0119] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structural setup when the first force-applying component unit described in this application is a jack (one method).

[0120] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structural setup when the first force-applying component unit described in this application is a jack (another method).

[0121] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a suspended tunnel system described in this application (the route is arranged in an S-shape).

[0122] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a suspended tunnel system described in this application (the route is arranged in a similar arc shape).

[0123] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the first tie structure described in this application.

[0124] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the second tie structure described in this application.

[0125] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the tensile and compressive properties of the prestressed concrete structure described in this application.

[0126] Figure 22 This is a structural schematic diagram of the suspended tunnel segment described in this application.

[0127] Figure 23 The appendix described in this application Figure 22 Enlarged schematic diagram of section C.

[0128] Figure 24 This is a structural schematic diagram of a single suspended tunnel segment as described in this application.

[0129] In the diagram, the markings are: 1-Transition component; 10-First tension component; 11-First cavity; 12-Inner recess; 13-First through hole; 14-Annular flexible sealing ring structure; 15-First bearing seat; 16-Second bearing seat; 17-Second cavity; 18-Auxiliary tension component; 19-Pipe fitting; 110-Transverse connection structure; 2-Suspended tunnel segment; 21-Steel structure; 22-Concrete segment; 23-Prestressed component; 24-Concrete pipe section; 25-Steel shell pipe section; 3-Force application component; 3 0-First anchoring structure; 31-First tie structure; 32-First connector; 33-First support structure; 34-Second anchoring structure; 35-First force-applying component unit; 36-Second force-applying component unit; 37-Boss; 38-Second tie structure; 39-Second support structure; 310-Second connector; 4-First adjustment gap; 41-First transition structure; 42-Second gap; 43-Third gap; 44-Channel; 45-Valve; 46-Power unit; 5-Float box. Detailed Implementation

[0130] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0131] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0132] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but that it can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0133] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0134] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, and can even exceed nine.

[0135] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0136] Example 1 like Figure 1-24 As shown, the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment includes a force-applying component 3 and at least two suspended tunnel segments 2. The force-applying component 3 is used to apply a first external force to the suspended tunnel segments 2, so that the suspended tunnel segments 2 are in a tensile state along their length direction.

[0137] In a preferred embodiment, there is a first adjustment gap 4 between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, and the force application component 3 can drive the adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 to move closer or further apart along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segments 2.

[0138] The first external force is preferably a tension or a thrust.

[0139] In a preferred embodiment, the force-applying component 3 moves adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 closer to or further away from each other by increasing or decreasing the first external force.

[0140] When subjected to tension, the length of the suspended tunnel segment 2 increases, thereby bringing adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 closer to each other.

[0141] The length direction of the suspended tunnel segment 2 is the route direction of the suspended tunnel segment 2, such as the traffic flow direction it forms.

[0142] The suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment applies tension or thrust to the suspended tunnel segment 2 through the force application component 3, so that the suspended tunnel segment 2 is in a tensile state along its length direction, thereby increasing the axial force of the suspended tunnel segment 2, and thus increasing the geometric stiffness of the suspended tunnel segment 2, thereby increasing the stability of the suspended tunnel segment 2 under lateral external forces.

[0143] Based on the above, since there is a first adjustment gap 4 between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, and the force application component 3 can drive adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 to move closer to each other along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segment 2, the force application component 3 can adjust the mutual force between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, as well as the magnitude of the tensile force on the suspended tunnel segment 2 along its length direction, thereby achieving the purpose of better adapting to the working conditions.

[0144] For example, after the suspended tunnel segment 2 is installed, it is under tension along its length. At this time, due to the first adjustment gap 4 between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, and because the force-applying component 3 can move adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 closer or further apart along their length, adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 can still move closer or further apart through the force-applying component 3 after the suspended tunnel system is installed or during later use. This allows the force-applying component 3 to readjust the tension of adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2. Simultaneously, this ensures that the suspended tunnel segments 2 on both sides remain under balanced forces.

[0145] In a preferred embodiment, when the force-applying component 3 applies a first external force to the suspended tunnel segment 2 at least twice, the magnitudes of the two applied first external forces can be different. For example, during installation, the force-applying component 3 applies a tensile force to the suspended tunnel segment 2, causing the suspended tunnel segment 2 to be in a tensile state. After the suspended tunnel system is installed or during later use, the force-applying component 3 can continue to increase the tensile force, causing the two sides of the suspended tunnel segment 2 to continue to move closer to each other; or the force-applying component 3 can decrease the tensile force, causing the two sides of the suspended tunnel segment 2 to move away from each other during later adjustment.

[0146] In a preferred embodiment, the force-applying component 3 is capable of performing at least two tensioning operations, wherein the at least two tensioning operations are capable of causing adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 to move relative to each other along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segments 2.

[0147] For example, in a preferred embodiment, during installation, the force-applying component 3 applies a thrust, such as a jack, to the suspended tunnel segment 2, so that the suspended tunnel segment 2 is in a tensile state. After the suspended tunnel system is installed or during later use, the force-applying component 3 can continue to increase the thrust, so that the suspended tunnel segments 2 on both sides continue to move closer to each other; or the force-applying component 3 can decrease the thrust, so that the suspended tunnel segments 2 on both sides move away from each other during later adjustment.

[0148] In the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment, the force-applying component 3 can drive adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 to move relative to each other at least twice along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segment 2. For example, during installation, the force-applying component 3 brings adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 closer to each other, so that the suspended tunnel segment 2 is under tension along its length direction. After installation or during later use, adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 can still move closer or further apart through the force-applying component 3, so as to adjust the mutual force between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 and the magnitude of the tension force on the suspended tunnel segment 2 along its length direction.

[0149] Preferably, it further includes a first cavity 11, one end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 extends into the first cavity 11, and the sidewall of the suspended tunnel segment 2 is sealed to the cavity wall of the first cavity 11.

[0150] Preferably, a transition component 1 is provided between at least two adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2.

[0151] Preferably, the first adjustment gap 4 is preferably determined by the following factors: 1. Considering the length of the prestress applied during tensioning, a longer prestress can accommodate greater deformation at the joint, and vice versa. Regarding the design of the rotational stiffness at the joint of adjacent suspended tunnel segment 2, when the reserved length is long, the allowable elongation of the prestress under external load is large, thus allowing a certain degree of rotation at the joint of adjacent suspended tunnel segment 2, and vice versa.

[0152] 2. Consider the amount of finishing work required after construction is completed.

[0153] 3. Consider the allowance for future adjustments [e.g., the impact of factors such as temperature rise and fall during winter and summer cycles, material shrinkage and creep on the length of the suspended tunnel segment 2, and the allowance for joints].

[0154] The first external force is preferably less than 80% of the tensile strength of the second section of the suspended tunnel segment; When the suspended tunnel segment 2 is in the form of a steel shell tube segment 25 + an internal concrete tube segment 24, the first external force preferably does not exceed 80% of the tensile design strength of the steel shell tube segment 25; When the suspended tunnel segment 2 is in the form of an outer steel shell tube segment 25 + an inner concrete tube segment 24 + prestressing: the first external force preferably does not exceed the first force, which is the smaller of 80% of the design strength of the outer steel shell tube segment 25 and 80% of the prestressing.

[0155] Prestressed concrete: not exceeding 80% prestress, and ensuring that the edge stress of the section is always >0MPa when subjected to external loads, preferably ≥0.03MPa.

[0156] The first external force applied must satisfy the extreme values ​​of tension and shear of the internal force response generated by the suspended tunnel segment 2 under the most unfavorable combination of external loads, and these values ​​must not exceed the ultimate design bearing capacity of its cross-section under tensile stress.

[0157] Example 2 like Figure 1-10 As shown in the embodiment, a suspended tunnel system is provided with a transition component 1 between at least two adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, and a first cavity 11 is provided in the transition component 1; one end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 near the transition component 1 extends into the first cavity 11 of the transition component 1, and the sidewall of the suspended tunnel segment 2 is sealed to the first cavity 11.

[0158] In a preferred embodiment, the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment is an improvement based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1.

[0159] Preferably, the first adjustment gap 4, taking into account various factors, further includes the following: Considering that during the construction process, the suspended tunnel segment 2 is inserted into the first cavity 11, and considering that more is inserted on one side to facilitate the construction of the side to which the suspended tunnel segment 2 is inserted later; like Figure 16 As shown, a pipe 19 is provided inside the transition component 1. The pipe 19 is connected to the outer wall of the transition component 1 by a transverse connecting structure 110. The pipe 19 is spaced apart from the outer wall of the transition component 1. The pipe 19 forms a first cavity 11. The inner wall of the pipe 19 is sealed to the outer wall of the suspended tunnel segment 2.

[0160] Preferably, the inner wall of the pipe fitting 19 and the outer wall of the suspended tunnel segment 2 are sealed by an annular flexible sealing ring structure.

[0161] More preferably, the transverse connecting structure 110 is an annular plate or a plurality of radially arranged transverse braces, which are arranged circumferentially along the pipe 19.

[0162] Example 3 like Figure 1-14 As shown in this embodiment, in a suspended tunnel system, the force-applying component 3 can be tensioned at least twice, and each of the at least two tensioning operations can drive adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 to move closer to each other.

[0163] In the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment, the force-applying component 3 can perform at least two tensioning operations along the length of the suspended tunnel segment 2, which bring adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 closer together. One of these operations occurs during installation, where the force-applying component 3 brings adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 closer together. After installation or during later use, adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 can still be brought closer together by the force-applying component 3, thereby achieving the purpose of tensioning and adjusting adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 again.

[0164] In a preferred embodiment, the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment is based on Embodiment 1 or 2 with the above-mentioned improvements, or based on Embodiment 1, the difference from Embodiment 2 lies in the above-mentioned improvements.

[0165] Example 4 like Figure 17-18 As shown in this embodiment, a suspended tunnel system is designed to optimize the actual terrain, geology, hydrology, and navigation route planning. In order to achieve a flexible planar alignment of the suspended tunnel system, a preferred approach is that at least two adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 are not parallel to each other, thereby enabling the route to turn.

[0166] In a preferred embodiment, the direction in which the force-applying component 3 applies force to the suspended tunnel segment 2 forms an angle A with the axial direction of at least one side of the suspended tunnel segment 2. The preferred range of the angle A is: 0 < A ≤ 10°.

[0167] In this embodiment, a suspended tunnel system is designed to achieve a flexible horizontal alignment that takes into account the actual terrain, geology, hydrology, and navigation route planning optimization needs. At the transition component 1, the tension axial forces of the two suspended tunnel segments 2 are not parallel, and there is a small acute angle, preferably within 10°, which allows the suspension tunnel system route to turn.

[0168] A preferred embodiment: the adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 are sealed together.

[0169] In a preferred embodiment, a first adjustment gap 4 is provided between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, and the first adjustment gap 4 is located within a sealed space between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2.

[0170] The suspended tunnel system described in this application establishes a first adjustment gap 4 between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 during installation. This allows the suspended tunnel segments 2 to have room to move relative to each other after installation, thus meeting the relative movement requirements of the adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2. Simultaneously, the first adjustment gap 4 is located within a sealed space between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 to prevent external water from entering the interior of the suspended tunnel segments 2 during subsequent relative movement, thus avoiding any impact on the use of the suspended tunnel segments 2.

[0171] Moreover, the suspended tunnel system described in this application, due to the first adjustment gap 4 set between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, eliminates the need for docking between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2. Based on this, by allowing at least two adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 to be non-parallel, and permitting non-parallel tension axial forces on both sides of the force application component 3 at the transition component 1, the overall flat curve of the suspended tunnel can be achieved, thereby realizing the turning of the route. This effectively avoids the high construction and manufacturing difficulties caused by the high precision required for docking of adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, thus effectively reducing the construction difficulty.

[0172] In a preferred embodiment, the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, 2, or 3 with the above-mentioned improvements, or based on Embodiment 1, but differs from Embodiment 2 or 3 in that the above-mentioned improvements are made.

[0173] Example 5 like Figure 1-16As shown in this embodiment, in a suspended tunnel system, adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 are sealed to prevent external water from entering the interior of the suspended tunnel segments 2 after installation or during later use, thus affecting the use of the suspended tunnel segments 2.

[0174] In a preferred embodiment, a first adjustment gap 4 is provided between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, and the first adjustment gap 4 is located within a sealed space between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2.

[0175] The suspended tunnel system described in this application establishes a first adjustment gap 4 between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 during installation. This allows the suspended tunnel segments 2 to have room to move relative to each other after installation, thus meeting the relative movement requirements of the adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2. Simultaneously, the first adjustment gap 4 is located within a sealed space between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 to prevent external water from entering the interior of the suspended tunnel segments 2 during subsequent relative movement, thus avoiding any impact on the use of the suspended tunnel segments 2.

[0176] In a preferred embodiment, a transition component 1 is provided between at least two adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, and the force-applying component 3 can drive the suspended tunnel segment 2 to move relative to the transition component 1 along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segment 2, so as to facilitate the tensioning construction of the suspended tunnel segment 2.

[0177] In a preferred embodiment, the sealed space is located within the transition component 1.

[0178] The suspended tunnel system described in this application establishes a first adjustment gap 4 between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 during installation. This allows the suspended tunnel segments 2 to have room to move relative to each other after installation, thus meeting the needs of relative movement between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2. Simultaneously, the first adjustment gap 4 is located within a sealed space between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 to prevent external water from entering the interior of the suspended tunnel segments 2 during subsequent relative movement, thus avoiding any impact on the use of the suspended tunnel segments 2.

[0179] In a preferred embodiment, the force-applying component 3 is capable of driving the suspended tunnel segment 2 to move relative to the transition component 1 along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segment 2.

[0180] like Figure 1 and 3As shown, in a preferred embodiment: the buoyancy of the transition component 1 is greater than the weight of the transition component 1, and a first tension component 10 for limiting the upward movement of the transition component 1 is connected to the transition component 1. The first tension component 10 is used to provide a first tension to the transition component 1, and the first tension is used to resist at least part of the buoyancy of the transition component 1.

[0181] More preferably, the first pulling force is used to resist all the buoyancy of the transition component 1.

[0182] The suspended tunnel system described in this application, in water-based or underwater operating conditions, allows the water to generate a buoyancy force on the transition component 1 that is greater than the weight of the transition component 1 itself. At the same time, the first tension component 10 can restrict the transition component 1 from floating upwards, thereby enabling the transition component 1 to achieve a relatively stable force balance state in the vertical direction. This greatly reduces or avoids the buoyancy interference of the transition component 1 on the suspended tunnel segment 2 that it cooperates with, thereby reducing the impact of the transition component 1 on the construction difficulty and construction cost of the suspended tunnel segment 2.

[0183] Moreover, the buoyancy of the transition component 1 is greater than its own weight, and a portion of the residual buoyancy generated serves as a potential energy reserve. This provides the geometric stiffness of the transition component 1 itself, while also effectively reducing or eliminating unbalanced forces that may exist in other directions. This effect is even better when there are curves in the route of the suspended tunnel system.

[0184] In a preferred embodiment, the buoyancy Fbuoyancy of the transition component 1 is ≥1.2G, where G is the weight of the transition component 1. More preferably, the buoyancy Fbuoyancy of the transition component 1 is ≥1.3G, and even more preferably, the buoyancy Fbuoyancy of the transition component 1 is ≥1.5G. This design ensures that the displacement volume of the transition component 1 is sufficiently large, and its buoyancy is much greater than its own weight, generating a significant amount of residual buoyancy as potential energy reserves. This provides the component with its own geometric stiffness while eliminating potential unbalanced forces in other directions, especially when the suspended tunnel system has curves in its route, where the effect is even better.

[0185] The first tension component 10 preferably adopts at least the following two methods: Method 1: The first tension component 10 is connected to the bottom of the transition component 1 and extends downward.

[0186] Method 2: The first tension component 10 is inclined relative to the vertical. This inclination balances the external force exerted by the suspended tunnel segment 2 on the transition component 1, which causes the transition component 1 to tend towards imbalance, thus effectively increasing the stability of the transition component 1. Compared to Method 1, this solution is more suitable for situations where at least two adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 are not parallel to each other.

[0187] The first tension component 10 is preferably a plurality of cables, at least some of which are tensioned during use to provide at least a portion of the first tension. The cables are preferably made of steel, but can also be made of a polymer material that meets the requirements of stress performance.

[0188] The bottom of the first tension component 10 is preferably connected to an anchor structure, such as a suction anchor or anchor plate, or preferably connected to a pile foundation.

[0189] like Figure 12 and 13 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the suspended tunnel system further includes an auxiliary tension component 18. The auxiliary tension component 18 is connected to the transition component 1. The suspended tunnel segments 2 on both sides of the transition component 1 together form an arc-shaped structure or a bent structure. The lower part of the auxiliary tension component 18 is located on the outwardly convex side of the arc-shaped structure or the bent structure. The auxiliary tension component 18 balances the external forces exerted by the suspended tunnel segments 2 on the transition component 1, which cause the transition component 1 to tend towards imbalance, thereby effectively increasing the stability of the transition component 1.

[0190] The auxiliary tension component 18 is preferably a cable, which is preferably made of steel, but can also be made of a polymer material that meets the requirements of stress performance. The bottom of the auxiliary tension component 18 is preferably connected to an anchor structure, such as a suction anchor or anchor plate, or preferably connected to a pile foundation.

[0191] A preferred embodiment: In the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment, adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 are sealed together by the transition component 1, thereby preventing external water from entering the interior of the suspended tunnel segments 2 and affecting their use during the re-tensioning and adjustment process.

[0192] In a preferred embodiment, the transition component 1 is provided with a first cavity 11. The first cavity 11 is a sealed space between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2.

[0193] In a preferred embodiment: at least one end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 located on one side of the transition component 1 extends into the first cavity 11, and the sidewall of the suspended tunnel segment 2 is sealed to the first cavity 11; the force application component 3 is capable of driving the suspended tunnel segment 2 to move relative to the transition component 1 along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segment 2.

[0194] The suspended tunnel system described in this application, by setting a transition component 1 with a first cavity 11, and having one end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 extend into the first cavity 11 and seal with it, can ensure that the suspended tunnel segment 2 can form a seal with the transition component 1 after installation and during subsequent use. This achieves the effect of sealing adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 through the transition component 1, thus preventing external water from entering the first cavity 11 from the joint between the suspended tunnel segment 2 and the transition component 1, which would affect the use of the suspended tunnel segment 2.

[0195] A further preferred embodiment: In the suspended tunnel system described in this application, the sidewall of the suspended tunnel segment 2 is slidably sealed to the first cavity 11. By providing a transition component 1 with the first cavity 11, and having one end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 extend into the first cavity 11 and slidably seal to it, it can be ensured that the suspended tunnel segment 2 can still form a seal with the first cavity 11 as adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 move closer or further apart. This prevents external water from entering the first cavity 11 from the joint between the suspended tunnel segment 2 and the transition component 1 during the process of adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 moving closer or further apart, thus affecting the use of the suspended tunnel segment 2.

[0196] In a preferred embodiment, a first adjustment gap 4 is provided between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, and the first adjustment gap 4 is located within the first cavity 11.

[0197] The suspended tunnel system described in this application, due to the presence of the transition component 1 and the sealed fit between the sidewall of the suspended tunnel segment 2 and the first cavity 11, provides a dry environment within the first cavity 11 after construction or during subsequent use. In this case, a first adjustment gap 4 is provided between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 during installation. This allows the suspended tunnel segment 2 to have tensioning space during later maintenance tensioning, thus meeting the requirements of later maintenance tensioning.

[0198] Moreover, the suspended tunnel system described in this application does not require docking between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, and the sealing between the suspended tunnel segments 2 and the first cavity 11 provides convenient conditions for the adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 to be non-parallel. On this basis, by allowing at least two adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 to be non-parallel, and allowing the opposing axial forces on both sides of the force application component 3 to be non-parallel at the transition component 1, the overall flat curve of the suspended tunnel can be achieved, thereby realizing the turning of the route. This effectively avoids the high construction and manufacturing difficulties caused by the high precision required for docking of adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, thus effectively reducing the construction difficulty.

[0199] In a preferred embodiment, at least a portion of the force-applying component 3 is located within the first cavity 11.

[0200] The suspended tunnel system described in this application is based on the fact that the first cavity 11 can form a dry construction environment. When at least a part of the force-applying component 3 is located in the first cavity 11, the transition component 1 can serve as a protective structure for dry construction, which can isolate the outside seawater and facilitate construction.

[0201] In a preferred embodiment, the ends of the suspended tunnel segments 2 located on both sides of the transition component 1 extend into the first cavity 11 and are sealed to the first cavity 11.

[0202] like Figure 8 As shown, in a preferred manner: since at least one side of the suspended tunnel segment 2 is preferably inserted into the first cavity 11 at a relatively small angle during installation, the bottom of the first cavity 11 is provided with a downward concave portion 12 to facilitate the end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 being inserted into the first cavity 11 during installation.

[0203] like Figure 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment: a first through hole 13 is provided on the cavity wall of the first cavity 11, and an annular flexible sealing ring structure 14 is provided circumferentially on the side wall of the first through hole 13. The end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 passes through the first through hole 13, and the suspended tunnel segment 2 and the side wall of the first through hole 13 are sealed to each other by the annular flexible sealing ring structure 14.

[0204] The annular flexible sealing ring structure 14, also called an annular flexible sealing ring, is preferably a rubber component, but can also preferably be a polymer component.

[0205] The suspended tunnel system described in this application includes an annular flexible sealing ring structure 14 that can seal the sidewall between the suspended tunnel segment 2 and the first through hole 13. Moreover, it can provide a certain angle of deformation space during the process of the end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 extending into the first cavity 11, thereby facilitating the installation of the suspended tunnel segment 2.

[0206] The following describes several preferred embodiments of the force-applying component 3: A preferred embodiment of the force-applying component 3 is as follows: The force-applying component 3 includes a tie structure, which is connected between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2.

[0207] The suspended tunnel system described in this application uses a force-applying component 3 to enable the opposite ends of adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 to pull against each other, so that the suspended tunnel segments 2 on both sides of the transition component 1 achieve force balance along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segments 2. This effectively reduces or avoids the impact of the force-applying component 3 on the suspended tunnel segments 2 on the transition component 1, thereby effectively reducing the force requirements of the transition component 1 along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segments 2 and further reducing the cost of the transition component 1.

[0208] like Figure 19 As shown, specifically, the tie structure preferably includes at least two first tie structures 31, each first tie structure 31 including a first connector 32, at least one end of the first connector 32 being provided with a first anchoring structure 30, and a first support structure 33 being provided on the suspended tunnel segment 2, the first anchoring structure 30 being connected to the first support structure 33 on the corresponding side; wherein, the first connector 32 preferably includes a rod, a flexible rope, or a combination of a rod and a flexible rope; the first anchoring structure 30 preferably includes an anchor or a nut.

[0209] The first support structure 33 preferably includes a first corbel structure, one end of the first tie structure 31 passes through the first corbel structure and abuts against the first corbel structure.

[0210] Taking a rod as an example, in a preferred structure, the first support structure 33 has a through hole. The end of the rod passes through the through hole and is connected to an anchor or nut. The anchor or nut and the first support structure 33 abut against each other and bear force. The abutment force between the anchor or nut and the first support structure 33 can then be increased or decreased by moving the relative position of the anchor or nut on the rod, thereby bringing adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 closer together or further apart.

[0211] Taking a flexible rope as an example, in a preferred structure, the first support structure 33 is provided with a through hole. After the end of the flexible rope passes through the through hole, it is connected and engaged with an anchor. The anchor and the first support structure 33 abut against each other and bear force. Subsequently, the abutment force between the anchor and the first support structure 33 can be increased or decreased by moving the relative position of the anchor on the flexible rope, so that the adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 are brought closer or further apart.

[0212] Another preferred structure involves connecting the end of the flexible rope to a rod. The end of the rod passes through a through hole and is connected to an anchor or nut. The anchor or nut abuts against the first support structure 33, bearing the force. The abutment force between the anchor or nut and the first support structure 33 can then be increased or decreased by moving the relative position of the anchor or nut on the rod, thereby bringing adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 closer together or further apart.

[0213] like Figure 14-16As shown, a preferred embodiment 2 of the force-applying component 3 is as follows: the force-applying component 3 includes two correspondingly arranged force-applying component units, wherein: one force-applying component unit is connected between the transition component 1 and the suspended tunnel segment 2 on one side, and applies a second external force to the suspended tunnel segment 2; the other force-applying component unit is connected between the transition component 1 and the suspended tunnel segment 2 on the other side, and applies a third external force to the suspended tunnel segment 2; the second external force and the third external force are in opposite directions.

[0214] A further preferred embodiment: at least two support seats are provided at intervals along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segment 2 on the transition component 1, and the force application component unit is connected between the support seats and the suspended tunnel segment 2 on the corresponding side, and a second gap 42 is provided between the suspended tunnel segment 2 and the support seats.

[0215] A preferred embodiment is as follows: the two force-applying component units are defined as the first force-applying component unit 35 and the second force-applying component unit 36, respectively. That is, the force-applying component 3 includes the corresponding first force-applying component unit 35 and the second force-applying component unit 36. At the same time, at least two support seats are provided at intervals along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segment 2 on the transition component 1. Two of the support seats are defined as the first support seat 15 and the second support seat 16, respectively. The first force-applying component unit 35 is connected between the first support seat 15 and one side of the suspended tunnel segment 2, and there is a second gap 42 between the suspended tunnel segment 2 and the first support seat 15. The second force-applying component unit 36 ​​is connected between the second support seat 16 and the other side of the suspended tunnel segment 2, and there is a third gap 43 between the suspended tunnel segment 2 and the second support seat 16.

[0216] The first force-applying component unit 35 is connected between the first support seat 15 and the suspended tunnel segment 2 on one side, and applies a second external force to the suspended tunnel segment 2; the second force-applying component unit 36 ​​is connected between the second support seat 16 and the suspended tunnel segment 2 on the other side, and applies a third external force to the suspended tunnel segment 2; the second external force and the third external force are in opposite directions.

[0217] It should be noted that as long as the component of the second external force along the length of the suspended tunnel segment 2 is opposite to the component of the third external force along the length of the suspended tunnel segment 2, the second external force and the third external force can be considered to be opposite in direction.

[0218] The advantages of the above scheme are ease of construction, shorter length compared to a tension structure, material savings, and the fact that, in special cases, the second and third external forces do not need to be strictly coaxially opposite; a small angle can exist between them to accommodate more working conditions. However, compared to a tension structure, the above scheme cannot achieve strict synchronous application of the second and third external forces during construction. Therefore, its impact on the stress of the transition component 1 is greater than that of the tension structure. Furthermore, it requires the addition of a first support seat 15 and a second support seat 16 as load-bearing structures, making the cost of the transition component 1 in this scheme higher than that in a tension structure.

[0219] The preferred position of the first support seat 15 is as follows: Preferred method 1: The first support seat 15 is located between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, for example, the first support seat 15 is located at the first adjustment gap 4 between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2.

[0220] Preferred method 2: The first support seat 15 is located on the outside of the corresponding suspended tunnel segment 2.

[0221] In this case, the preferred force-applying component unit is as follows: like Figure 15 and 16 As shown, preferred embodiment 1: the first force-applying component unit 35 and / or the second force-applying component unit 36 ​​are jacks.

[0222] like Figure 14 and 20 As shown, in preferred embodiment 2: the force-applying component unit includes at least two second tie structures 38. Each second tie structure 38 includes a second connector 310 and two second anchoring structures 34. The two second anchoring structures 34 are spaced apart on the second connector 310. A second support structure 39 is provided on the suspended tunnel segment 2. The second anchoring structures 34 near the second support structure 39 are in a limiting fit with the second support structure 39, and the second anchoring structures 34 near the load-bearing seat are in a limiting fit with the load-bearing seat. Preferably, the second connector 310 includes at least one of a rod and a flexible rope, and the second anchoring structure 34 preferably includes an anchor or a nut. The second support structure 39 preferably includes a second corbel structure, with one end of the second connector 310 penetrating through and abutting against the first corbel structure.

[0223] Taking a rod as an example, in a preferred structure, the second support structure 39 or the bearing seat is provided with a through hole. After the end of the rod passes through the through hole, it is connected and engaged with an anchor or nut. The anchor or nut and the second support structure 39 or the bearing seat abut against each other and bear force. Subsequently, the abutment force between the anchor or nut and the second support structure 39 can be increased or decreased by moving the relative position of the anchor or nut on the rod, so that the adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 are closer or farther apart.

[0224] Taking a flexible rope as an example, in a preferred structure, the second support structure 39 or the bearing seat is provided with a through hole. After the end of the flexible rope passes through the through hole, it is connected and engaged with an anchor. The anchor and the second support structure 39 or the bearing seat abut against each other and bear force. Subsequently, the relative position of the anchor on the flexible rope can be moved to increase or decrease the mutual abutment force between the anchor and the second support structure 39 or the bearing seat, so that adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 move closer or further apart.

[0225] Another preferred structure involves connecting the end of the flexible rope to a rod. The end of the rod passes through a through hole and is then connected to an anchor or nut. The anchor or nut abuts against the second support structure 39 or the load-bearing seat, bearing the force. The relative position of the anchor or nut on the rod can then be adjusted to increase or decrease the abutment force between the anchor or nut and the second support structure 39 or the load-bearing seat, thereby moving adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 closer together or further apart.

[0226] In a preferred embodiment, the transition component 1 is provided with a first support seat 15 and a second support seat 16. The first force-applying component unit 35 is connected between the first support seat 15 and a suspended tunnel segment 2 on one side, and the suspended tunnel segment 2 and the first support seat 15 have a second gap 42. The second force-applying component unit 36 ​​is connected between the second support seat 16 and the suspended tunnel segment 2 on the other side, and the suspended tunnel segment 2 and the second support seat 16 have a third gap 43.

[0227] The first force-applying component unit 35 and the second force-applying component unit 36 ​​can use a pulling method to move adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 closer or further apart, or they can use a pressing method to move adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 closer or further apart, or they can use a combination of pulling and pressing to move adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 closer or further apart.

[0228] In a preferred tension form, a first support seat 15 is disposed between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, one end of a first force-applying component unit 35 is connected to the first support seat 15, and the other end is connected to the corresponding side of the suspended tunnel segment 2. The adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 are brought closer or further apart by tensioning and shortening the first force-applying component unit 35.

[0229] In another preferred form, the first support seat 15 is located on the side of the suspended tunnel segment 2, and a boss 37 is connected to the outside of the suspended tunnel segment 2. One end of the first force application component unit 35 is connected to the first support seat 15, and the other end is connected to the boss 37 on the outside of the corresponding side of the suspended tunnel segment 2. The adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 are brought closer or further apart by tensioning and shortening the first force application component unit 35.

[0230] In a preferred pressing form, the first support seat 15 is located on the side of the suspended tunnel segment 2, and a boss 37 is connected to the outside of the suspended tunnel segment 2. One end of the first force application component unit 35 is connected to the first support seat 15, and the other end is connected to the boss 37 on the outside of the corresponding side of the suspended tunnel segment 2. By extending the first force application component unit 35, adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 can be brought closer or further away from each other. The first force application component unit 35 is preferably a jack.

[0231] It should be noted that in all schemes of this embodiment, during the process of adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 moving closer or further away from each other, the suspended tunnel segments 2 are under tension along their length direction.

[0232] In a preferred embodiment, the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment is based on the above-mentioned improvements made to Embodiment 1, 2, 3, or 4, or based on Embodiment 1, but differs from Embodiment 2, 3, or 4 in that the above-mentioned improvements are made.

[0233] Example 6 like Figure 1-24 As shown in this embodiment, a first transition structure 41 is provided between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 to ensure the continuity of the passage in the suspended tunnel during later operation, since a first adjustment gap 4 is provided between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2.

[0234] A further preferred embodiment: the first transition structure 41 overlaps with at least one adjacent suspended tunnel segment 2.

[0235] In a preferred embodiment, the first transition structure 41 is a plate structure or a beam structure, preferably a reinforced concrete structure and / or a steel structure.

[0236] In the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment, the first transition structure 41 overlaps with at least one adjacent suspended tunnel segment 2 to facilitate the adjustment of the force or distance between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 by the subsequent force application component 3.

[0237] In a preferred embodiment, the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment is based on the above-mentioned improvements made to embodiment 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, or based on embodiment 1, but differs from embodiment 2, 3, 4, or 5 in that the above-mentioned improvements are made.

[0238] Example 7 like Figure 7 As shown, the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment also includes a second cavity 17, which can be connected to the first cavity 11. By setting the second cavity 17, the second cavity 17 can extract water from the first cavity 11 during the installation process, so that the first cavity 11 forms a dry environment to facilitate subsequent construction.

[0239] In a further preferred embodiment, the second cavity 17 may be located within the suspended tunnel segment 2.

[0240] Another preferred embodiment: In the suspended tunnel system described in this application, the second cavity 17 is located on the transition component 1. During the process of the second cavity 17 extracting water from the first cavity 11, the buoyancy of the transition component 1 will not change significantly, so as to facilitate construction control.

[0241] In a preferred embodiment, a valve 45 is provided on the channel 44 connecting the second cavity 17 and the first cavity 11. The valve 45 controls the connection between the second cavity 17 and the first cavity 11 by controlling the opening and closing of the connecting channel 44.

[0242] A preferred embodiment: The suspended tunnel system described in this application further includes a power unit 46, which drives the liquid in the first cavity 11 to be discharged into the second cavity 17.

[0243] The power unit 46 is preferably a water pump.

[0244] In a preferred embodiment, the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment is based on the above-mentioned improvements made to Embodiment 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, or based on Embodiment 1, but differs from Embodiment 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 in that the above-mentioned improvements are made.

[0245] Example 8 like Figure 1-24 As shown in the embodiment, in a suspended tunnel system, transition components 1 are provided at both ends of the suspended tunnel segment 2.

[0246] In one preferred embodiment, the end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 extends into the corresponding end of the first cavity 11 and is sealed to the first cavity 11.

[0247] In a preferred embodiment, the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment is based on the above-mentioned improvements made to embodiment 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, or based on embodiment 1, but differs from embodiment 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 in that the above-mentioned improvements are made.

[0248] Example 9 like Figure 1 and 4 As shown in the embodiment, in a suspended tunnel system, at least one transition component 1 is connected to a floating box 5.

[0249] In a preferred embodiment, the buoy 5 is located above the transition assembly 1.

[0250] The suspended tunnel system described in this application provides "inverted pendulum" stiffness by generating enormous vertical buoyancy through a combined cavity or an attached float.

[0251] Preferably, the float 5 is connected to the top or both sides of the transition assembly 1.

[0252] In a preferred embodiment, the pontoon 5 is connected to the transition component 1 below it by a flexible structure 51, which is preferably a steel strand or a flexible rope made of polymer material that can meet the tensile strength requirements.

[0253] In a preferred embodiment, a channel connects the pontoon 5 to at least one of the transition components 1. This channel can be used as a maintenance access route or a fire escape route, etc.

[0254] Preferably, a rigid cylinder is connected between the pontoon 5 and at least one of the transition components 1, and the channel is located inside the rigid cylinder. The rigid cylinder can be a steel component or a concrete component.

[0255] In a preferred embodiment, the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment is based on the above-mentioned improvements made to embodiment 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, or based on embodiment 1, but differs from embodiment 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 in that the above-mentioned improvements are made.

[0256] Example 10 like Figure 22-24 As shown in this embodiment, in a suspended tunnel system, a prestressed member 23 is provided along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segment 2. The prestressed member 23 is used to apply prestress along its length direction to the suspended tunnel segment 2.

[0257] In the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment, a prestressed member 23 is provided along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segment 2, so that the suspended tunnel segment 2 is subjected to prestress along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segment 2, which can increase the tensile strength of the suspended tunnel segment 2 along the length direction, thereby meeting the need of the force application component 3 to apply the first external force to the suspended tunnel segment 2, and avoiding structural damage when the suspended tunnel segment 2 is in a tensile state along its length direction.

[0258] In a preferred embodiment, the suspended tunnel segment 2 includes a concrete segment 22, the outer side of which is connected to a steel structure 21, and the prestressed member 23 is disposed on the concrete segment 22.

[0259] The steel structure 21 is preferably a steel shell structure, which includes an outer shell formed by plate structures.

[0260] In a preferred embodiment, the concrete segment 22 is provided with a plurality of shear members connected to the steel structure 21.

[0261] In a further preferred embodiment, the concrete segment 22 includes at least two co-directional concrete pipe sections 24, and at least one of the concrete pipe sections 24 is provided with the prestressing member 23, which is used to apply prestress to the concrete pipe section 24 along its length direction.

[0262] In a further preferred embodiment, the steel structure 21 includes a steel shell section 25 sleeved and connected to the outside of the concrete pipe section 24, and the steel shell sections 25 of adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 are connected to each other.

[0263] That is, the suspended tunnel segment 2 described in this embodiment includes at least two suspended tunnel segments arranged in the same direction. The suspended tunnel segment includes the concrete segment 24 and the steel shell segment 25 sleeved and connected to the outside of the concrete segment 24. In a specific preferred embodiment, a plurality of shear members are connected to the steel shell segment 25, and the shear members extend into the interior of the concrete segment 24.

[0264] A preferred embodiment: After applying prestress to the suspended tunnel segment 2, the relationship between the shortened length range of the suspended tunnel segment 2 and its axial length is: k = EA / L, delta_L = N / k, where E is the section elastic modulus, which is equal to the weighted average elastic modulus of the steel structure 21 and the concrete segment 22, i.e., (EcAc + EsAs) / (Ac + As) = (EcAc + EsAs) / A; where L is the distance from transition component 1 to transition component 1 or from transition component 1 to the shore; N is the axial tensile force of the suspended tunnel segment 2; Ec is the section elastic modulus of the steel structure 21; Es is the section elastic modulus of the concrete segment 22; Ac is the section area of ​​the steel structure 21; and As is the section area of ​​the concrete segment 22.

[0265] It is important to emphasize that the force-applying component 3 applies a first external force to the suspended tunnel segment 2, placing it in a tensile state along its length. The principle is that by subjecting the entire suspended tunnel segment 2 to tension, the axial force of the suspended tunnel segment 2 is increased, thereby increasing its geometric stiffness and stability under lateral forces. In contrast, the prestressing applied to the suspended tunnel segment 2 along its length is achieved by the structure at the end of the prestressing member 23 (e.g., an anchor) transmitting the pretension force of the prestressing tendons to the concrete segment 22, generating precompression stress to improve the crack resistance of the concrete segment 22 and prevent premature cracking. The principles of the two are completely different.

[0266] In a preferred embodiment, the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment is based on the above-mentioned improvements made to embodiment 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, or based on embodiment 1, but differs from embodiment 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 in that the above-mentioned improvements are made.

[0267] Example 11 like Figure 1-24 As shown in this embodiment, a suspended tunnel system is described, and the preferred tensile conditions at both ends of the suspended tunnel segment 2 along its length are introduced: In preferred embodiment 1, one end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 along its length is connected to the force-applying component 3, while the other end is fixedly disposed. In this case, the force-applying component 3 applies a first external force to the suspended tunnel segment 2. Since the other end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 is fixedly disposed, the suspended tunnel segment 2 is in a tensile state along its length. This embodiment is a unilateral tension configuration.

[0268] In preferred embodiment 1, force-applying components 3 are connected to both ends of the suspended tunnel segment 2 along its length direction. In this case, regardless of which side of the force-applying component 3 applies the first external force to the suspended tunnel segment 2, or whether the force-applying components 3 on both sides apply opposite first external forces to the suspended tunnel segment 2 at the same time, the suspended tunnel segment 2 can be in a tensile state along its length direction. This embodiment is a two-sided tension.

[0269] In a preferred embodiment, the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment is based on the above-mentioned improvements made to embodiment 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, or based on embodiment 1, but differs from embodiment 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 in that the above-mentioned improvements are made.

[0270] Example 12 like Figure 1-24 As shown, the suspended tunnel system described in this embodiment includes a suspended tunnel system as described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11.

[0271] The suspended tunnel system described in this application applies tension or thrust to the suspended tunnel segment 2 through the force application component 3, so that the suspended tunnel segment 2 is in a tensile state along its length direction, thereby increasing the axial force of the suspended tunnel segment 2, and thus increasing the geometric stiffness of the suspended tunnel segment 2, thereby increasing the stability of the suspended tunnel segment 2 under lateral external forces.

[0272] Based on the above, since there is a first adjustment gap 4 between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, and the force application component 3 can drive adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 to move closer to each other along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segment 2, the force application component 3 can adjust the mutual force between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, as well as the magnitude of the tensile force on the suspended tunnel segment 2 along its length direction, thereby achieving the purpose of better adapting to the working conditions.

[0273] In a preferred embodiment, at least a portion of the transition component 1 is located underwater.

[0274] A further preferred embodiment: at least a portion of the transition component 1 is located underwater.

[0275] Example 13 like Figure 1-24 As shown, the construction method described in this embodiment is used to construct a suspended tunnel system as described in Embodiment 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or 11. The construction method includes the following steps: S1. Install at least two suspended tunnel segments 2, install a force-applying component 3 between two adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, and make the force-applying component 3 apply a first external force to the suspended tunnel segments 2 on both sides, so that the suspended tunnel segments 2 are in a tensile state along their length direction. S2. Increase or decrease the first external force to cause the force-applying component 3 to move adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 closer to or further away from each other.

[0276] This embodiment describes a construction method for a suspended tunnel system. By applying tension or thrust to the suspended tunnel segment 2 using a force-applying component 3, the suspended tunnel segment 2 is placed under tension along its length, increasing the axial force on the suspended tunnel segment 2 and thus increasing its geometric stiffness, thereby enhancing its stability under lateral forces. Furthermore, because adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 have a first adjustment gap 4, and the force-applying component 3 can move adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 closer together along their length, the force-applying component 3 can adjust the mutual forces between adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2 and the magnitude of the tensile force on the suspended tunnel segment 2 along its length, thereby achieving better adaptation to operating conditions.

[0277] In a preferred embodiment: when a transition component 1 is provided between at least two adjacent suspended tunnel segments 2, and a first cavity 11 is provided within the transition component 1; and at least one end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 located on one side of the transition component 1 extends into the first cavity 11, and the sidewall of the suspended tunnel segment 2 is sealed to the first cavity 11, preferably, the end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 closest to the transition component 1 extends into the first cavity 11 of the transition component 1, and the sidewall of the suspended tunnel segment 2 is sealed to the first cavity 11.

[0278] In the above situation, a preferred solution is as follows: Step S1 specifically includes: S11. Prefabricate the suspended tunnel segment 2 and the transition component 1, and install the transition component 1; S12. Insert one end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 into the first cavity 11 of the adjacent transition component 1, and insert the corresponding end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 on the other side of the transition component 1 into the first cavity 11 from the other side of the transition component 1, and seal the suspended tunnel segment 2 with the first cavity 11. S13. The suspension tunnel segments 2 on both sides of the transition component 1 are pulled at least once by the force application component 3, and the suspension tunnel segments 2 are in a tensile state along their length direction.

[0279] A preferred embodiment: the outermost suspended tunnel segment 2 is tensioned to the joint on the shore.

[0280] A preferred embodiment: In step S11 or step S12, the transition component 1 is loaded, and the transition component 1 is unloaded after the suspended tunnel system is installed.

[0281] A preferred embodiment: an annular flexible sealing ring structure 14 is provided between the suspended tunnel segment 2 and the transition component 1; Step S12 specifically includes the following steps: S121: Rotate the transition component 1 or move it toward the side away from the suspended tunnel segment 2 to make room for the installation of the suspended tunnel segment 2, and then insert one end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 into the first cavity 11 adjacent to the transition component 1 and seal it with the transition component 1. S122: Insert the corresponding end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 on the other side of the transition component 1 into the first cavity 11 by means of the deformation and tilting of the annular flexible sealing ring structure 14, and then rotate the suspended tunnel segment 2 to the installation position.

[0282] A preferred embodiment: Between steps S121 and S122, the transition component 1 is rotated or moved back to its original position.

[0283] The following is a specific preferred construction scheme: In the prefabrication yard, steel strands or reinforcing bars are tensioned at both ends of the suspended tunnel segment 2 and precast concrete to form the prestressed suspended tunnel segment 2; Parallel to the site, the transition component 1, which serves as the floating structure, is installed and positioned. To facilitate construction, it can be preloaded in the first cavity 11 or other parts of the transition component 1. After the entire suspended tunnel system is installed, it is unloaded to provide net buoyancy and support it to become a vertical high potential energy system.

[0284] After the above two processes are completed, the suspended tunnel segment 2 is transported to the site. One end is inserted into the first cavity 11, and the other end of the suspended tunnel segment 2 is inserted from the other side. Water is stopped by the annular flexible sealing ring structure 14 [flexible circumferential material, similar to rubber] on the wall of the first cavity 11. There are suspended tunnel segment 2 tubes at both ends in the first cavity 11. The suspended tunnel segments 2 on both sides are pulled by the force application component 3 [steel strand or steel rod] to realize the horizontal high potential energy system of the suspended tunnel system.

[0285] The above intermediate sections are all constructed by tensioning with force-applying components 3. The only difference is that the joints between the suspended tunnel segments 2 on both banks and the shore are tensioned on one side. The suspended tunnel segments 2 are matched with the transition components 1. The tensioning is applied to both ends of the suspended tunnel through the force-applying components 3.

[0286] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A suspended tunnel system, characterized in that, include At least two suspended tunnel segments (2), with a first adjustment gap (4) between adjacent suspended tunnel segments (2); Force application component (3) is used to apply a first external force to the suspended tunnel segment (2) so that the suspended tunnel segment (2) is in a tensile state along its length direction; Along the length of the suspended tunnel segment (2), the force application component (3) can move adjacent suspended tunnel segments (2) closer to or further away from each other by changing the magnitude of the first external force.

2. The suspended tunnel system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first external force is a tensile force or a pushing force; Changing the magnitude of the first external force includes increasing the first external force or decreasing the first external force.

3. The suspended tunnel system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjacent suspended tunnel segments (2) are sealed together; The first adjustment gap (4) is located in the sealed space between adjacent suspended tunnel segments (2).

4. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 3, characterized in that, A transition component (1) is provided between at least two adjacent suspended tunnel segments (2), and the force application component (3) can drive the suspended tunnel segment (2) to move relative to the transition component (1) along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segment (2).

5. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least two adjacent suspended tunnel segments (2) are not parallel to each other.

6. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The direction in which the force-applying component (3) applies force to the suspended tunnel segment (2) has an angle A with the axial direction of at least one side of the suspended tunnel segment (2).

7. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The included angle A is in the range of: 0 < A ≤ 10°.

8. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The buoyancy of the transition component (1) is greater than the weight of the transition component (1). A first tension component (10) for limiting the upward movement of the transition component (1) is connected to the transition component (1). The first tension component (10) is used to provide a first tension to the transition component (1). The first tension is used to resist at least part of the buoyancy of the transition component (1).

9. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The buoyancy F of the transition component (1) 浮 ≥1.2G, where G is the weight of the transition component (1).

10. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first pulling force is used to resist all the buoyancy of the transition component (1).

11. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first tension component (10) is connected to the bottom of the transition component (1) and extends downward.

12. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first tension component (10) is tilted relative to the vertical.

13. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes an auxiliary tension component (18), which is connected to the transition component (1). The suspended tunnel segments (2) on both sides of the transition component (1) form an arc-shaped structure or a bent structure, and the lower part of the auxiliary tension component (18) is located on the outer convex side of the arc-shaped structure or the bent structure.

14. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjacent suspended tunnel segments (2) are sealed together by the transition assembly (1).

15. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The transition component (1) is provided with a first cavity (11); At least one end of the suspended tunnel segment (2) extends into the first cavity (11), and the sidewall of the suspended tunnel segment (2) is sealed to the first cavity (11).

16. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 15, characterized in that, The sidewall of the suspended tunnel segment (2) is in sliding sealing fit with the first cavity (11).

17. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 15, characterized in that, The first adjustment gap (4) is located inside the first cavity (11); And / or, At least a portion of the force-applying component (3) is located within the first cavity (11).

18. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 15, characterized in that, The transition component (1) is provided with a pipe (19), which is connected to the outer wall of the transition component (1) by a transverse connecting structure (110). The pipe (19) is spaced apart from the outer wall of the transition component (1), and the pipe (19) forms a first cavity (11). The inner wall of the pipe (19) is sealed to the outer wall of the suspended tunnel segment (2).

19. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 15, characterized in that, The ends of the suspended tunnel segments (2) located on both sides of the transition component (1) extend into the first cavity (11) and are sealed with the first cavity (11).

20. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 15, characterized in that, The bottom of the first cavity (11) is provided with a downward recessed portion (12).

21. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 15, characterized in that, The cavity wall of the first cavity (11) is provided with a first through hole (13), and the side wall of the first through hole (13) is provided with an annular flexible sealing ring structure (14) in the circumferential direction. The end of the suspended tunnel segment (2) passes through the first through hole (13), and the suspended tunnel segment (2) and the side wall of the first through hole (13) are sealed to each other by the annular flexible sealing ring structure (14).

22. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The force-applying component (3) includes a tie structure that connects adjacent suspended tunnel segments (2).

23. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 22, characterized in that, The tie structure includes at least two first tie structures (31), each first tie structure (31) includes a first connector (32), at least one end of the first connector (32) is provided with a first anchoring structure (30), the suspended tunnel segment (2) is provided with a first support structure (33), and the first anchoring structure (30) is connected to the first support structure (33) on the corresponding side.

24. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 23, characterized in that, The first connector (32) includes at least one of a rod and a flexible rope.

25. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 23, characterized in that, The first anchoring structure (30) includes an anchor or nut.

26. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 23, characterized in that, The first support structure (33) includes a first corbel structure, one end of the first tie structure (31) passes through the first corbel structure and abuts against the first corbel structure.

27. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The force-applying component (3) includes two corresponding force-applying component units, wherein: One of the force-applying component units is connected between the transition component (1) and the suspended tunnel segment (2) on one side, and applies a second external force to the suspended tunnel segment (2); Another force-applying component unit is connected between the transition component (1) and the suspended tunnel segment (2) on the other side, and applies a third external force to the suspended tunnel segment (2); The second external force and the third external force are in opposite directions.

28. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 27, characterized in that, At least two support seats are provided on the transition component (1) at intervals along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segment (2). The force application component unit is connected between the support seats and the suspended tunnel segment (2) on the corresponding side. The suspended tunnel segment (2) and the support seats have a second gap (42).

29. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 28, characterized in that, The load-bearing seat is located between adjacent suspended tunnel segments (2).

30. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 28, characterized in that, The load-bearing seat is located on the outside of the corresponding suspended tunnel segment (2).

31. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 28, characterized in that, The force-applying component unit is a jack.

32. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 28, characterized in that, The force-applying component unit includes at least two second tie structures (38). The second tie structure (38) includes a second connector (310) and two second anchor structures (34). The two second anchor structures (34) are spaced apart on the second connector (310). The suspended tunnel segment (2) is provided with a second support structure (39). The second anchor structure (34) near the second support structure (39) is in a limiting fit with the second support structure (39). The second anchor structure (34) near the bearing seat is in a limiting fit with the bearing seat.

33. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 32, characterized in that, The second connector (310) includes at least one of a rod and a flexible rope.

34. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 32, characterized in that, The second anchoring structure (34) includes an anchor or a nut.

35. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 32, characterized in that, The second support structure (39) includes a second corbel structure, and one end of the second connector (310) passes through the first corbel structure and abuts against the first corbel structure.

36. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 15, characterized in that, It also includes a second cavity (17), which is connected to the first cavity (11).

37. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 36, characterized in that, The second cavity (17) is located on the transition component (1).

38. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 36, characterized in that, Includes a connecting channel (44) and a power unit (46), wherein: The connecting channel (44) connects the second cavity (17) and the first cavity (11). A valve (45) is provided on the connecting channel (44), and the valve (45) is used to control the opening and closing of the connecting channels (44). The power unit (46) is used to drive the liquid in the first cavity (11) to be discharged into the second cavity (17).

39. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transition components (1) are provided at both ends of the suspended tunnel segment (2).

40. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the transition components (1) is also connected to a pontoon (5).

41. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 40, characterized in that, The pontoon (5) is located above the transition assembly (1).

42. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 41, characterized in that, The pontoon (5) is connected to the transition assembly (1) below it via a flexible structure (51).

43. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 41, characterized in that, A channel connects the pontoon (5) to at least one of the transition components (1).

44. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first transition structure (41) is provided between adjacent suspended tunnel segments (2).

45. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 44, characterized in that, The first transition structure (41) overlaps with at least one side of the suspended tunnel segment (2).

46. ​​A suspended tunnel system according to any one of claims 1-45, characterized in that, The suspended tunnel segment (2) is provided with a prestressed member (23) along its length direction, and the prestressed member (23) is used to apply prestress along its length direction to the suspended tunnel segment (2).

47. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 46, characterized in that, The suspended tunnel segment (2) includes a concrete segment (22), and a steel structure (21) is connected to the outside of the concrete segment (22). The prestressed member (23) is set on the concrete segment (22).

48. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 47, characterized in that, The concrete segment (22) is equipped with multiple shear members that are connected to the steel structure (21).

49. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 46, characterized in that, After applying prestress to the suspended tunnel segment (2), the relationship between the shortened length range of the suspended tunnel segment (2) and the axial length of the suspended tunnel segment (2) is: k=EA / L, delta_L=N / k, where E is the section elastic modulus, which is equal to the weighted average elastic modulus of the steel structure (21) and the concrete segment (22), that is, (EcAc+EsAs) / (Ac+As)=(EcAc+EsAs) / A; where L is the distance between adjacent transition components (1) or the distance from the transition component (1) to the shore; N is the axial tensile force of the suspended tunnel segment (2); Ec is the section elastic modulus of the steel structure (21); Es is the section elastic modulus of the concrete segment (22); Ac is the section area of ​​the steel structure (21); As is the section area of ​​the concrete segment (22).

50. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 47, characterized in that, The concrete segment (22) includes at least two concrete pipe sections (24) arranged in the same direction, and at least one of the concrete pipe sections (24) is provided with the prestressed member (23), which is used to apply prestress to the concrete pipe section (24) along its length direction.

51. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 50, characterized in that, The steel structure (21) includes a steel shell section (25) sleeved and connected to the outside of the concrete pipe section (24), and the steel shell sections (25) of adjacent suspended tunnel segments (2) are connected to each other.

52. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suspended tunnel segment (2) is connected to the force-applying component (3) at one end along its length direction, and fixed at the other end.

53. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suspended tunnel segment (2) is connected to force-applying components (3) at both ends along its length.

54. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The force-applying component (3) is capable of tensioning at least twice, and at least twice the tensioning can drive the adjacent suspended tunnel segments (2) to move relative to each other along the length direction of the suspended tunnel segments (2).

55. A suspended tunnel system, characterized in that, It includes at least one section of a suspended tunnel system as described in any one of claims 1-54.

56. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 54, characterized in that, At least a portion of the transition component (1) is located underwater.

57. A suspended tunnel system according to claim 54, characterized in that, At least a portion of the transition component (1) is located underwater.

58. A construction method, characterized in that, Used for constructing a suspended tunnel system as described in any one of claims 1-54; The construction method includes the following steps: S1. Install at least two suspended tunnel segments (2), install a force application component (3) between two adjacent suspended tunnel segments (2), and make the force application component (3) apply a first external force to the suspended tunnel segments (2) on both sides, so that the suspended tunnel segments (2) are in a tensile state along their length direction; S2. Increase or decrease the first external force so that the force-applying component (3) drives the adjacent suspended tunnel segments (2) to move closer or further apart.

59. A construction method according to claim 58, characterized in that, A transition assembly (1) is provided between at least two adjacent suspended tunnel segments (2), and a first cavity (11) is provided inside the transition assembly (1); one end of the suspended tunnel segment (2) near the transition assembly (1) extends into the first cavity (11) of the transition assembly (1), and the sidewall of the suspended tunnel segment (2) is sealed to the first cavity (11); Step S1 is as follows: S11. Install the transition component (1); S12. Insert one end of the suspended tunnel segment (2) into the first cavity (11) of the adjacent transition component (1), and insert the corresponding end of the suspended tunnel segment (2) on the other side of the transition component (1) into the first cavity (11) from the other side of the transition component (1), and seal the suspended tunnel segment (2) and the first cavity (11) together. S13. The suspension tunnel segments (2) on both sides of the transition component (1) are pulled at least once by the force application component (3), and the suspension tunnel segments (2) are in a state of tension along their length direction.

60. A construction method according to claim 58, characterized in that, In step S13, the end suspended tunnel segment (2) is tensioned with the shore joint.

61. A construction method according to claim 58, characterized in that, In step S11 or step S12, the transition component (1) is loaded, and the transition component (1) is unloaded after the suspension tunnel system is installed.

62. A construction method according to claim 58, characterized in that, An annular flexible sealing ring structure (14) is provided between the suspended tunnel segment (2) and the transition component (1). Step S12 specifically includes the following steps: S121: Rotate the transition assembly (1) or move it toward the side away from the suspended tunnel segment (2) to make room for the installation of the suspended tunnel segment (2), and then insert one end of the suspended tunnel segment (2) into the first cavity (11) of the adjacent transition assembly (1) and seal it with the transition assembly (1). S122: Insert the corresponding end of the suspension tunnel segment (2) on the other side of the transition component (1) into the first cavity (11) by means of the deformation of the annular flexible sealing ring structure (14) from the other side of the transition component (1), and then rotate the suspension tunnel segment (2) to the installation position.

63. A construction method according to claim 61, characterized in that, Between steps S121 and S122, the transition component (1) is rotated or moved back to its original position.

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