Underground tunnel rescue method and system
By combining the self-organizing network of emergency lights in the tunnel with ultra-broadband terminals, the problem of the independence of emergency lighting and positioning systems in tunnel accidents has been solved, enabling efficient and accurate rescue guidance and improving the intelligence and safety of tunnel rescue.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
The tunnel construction environment is enclosed, the space is narrow and the geology is complex. After an accident, the emergency lighting range is fixed and the positioning method is affected by satellite signal shielding, resulting in low rescue efficiency and blind spots. The lighting and positioning systems are disconnected and cannot be dynamically adjusted.
The emergency lights inside the tunnel automatically turn on to form a LoRa self-organizing network, constructing a distributed positioning network. The location of rescuers is calculated through ultra-wideband terminals, and the brightness and mode of the emergency lights are adjusted by the command center to achieve linkage between lighting and positioning.
It improves the flexibility and stability of emergency lighting, achieves high-precision real-time positioning and dynamic lighting guidance, and enhances the intelligence and safety of tunnel rescue.
Smart Images
Figure CN121781970A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel rescue, and in particular to a method and system for underground tunnel rescue. Background Technology
[0002] Tunnel construction is carried out in a closed, confined space with complex geology, making construction safety and efficiency paramount. As a long and narrow enclosed space, tunnels are prone to power outages, smoke inhalation, and structural collapses after an accident, posing significant challenges to rescue operations.
[0003] In terms of emergency lighting, traditional tunnel emergency lights are all installed in a fixed manner, with the locations deployed according to the tunnel construction plan, and the lighting range remains fixed. In addition, some portable emergency lights are put into use. The core function of these devices is single-function emergency lighting.
[0004] In terms of positioning technology, the tunnel is unable to receive satellite signals due to environmental limitations. At present, rescue positioning work mainly relies on wired communication technology, while a positioning system built with a single wireless module is also used to ensure the progress of on-site positioning operations.
[0005] In terms of system collaboration, the lighting equipment and positioning system supporting tunnel construction have independent technical architectures, each building its own operating system, completing its own functional output according to established technical standards, and forming its own independent operation mode. Summary of the Invention
[0006] As can be seen, the existing technology has the following problems: fixed emergency lights are prone to failure due to accidents and have a fixed lighting range, while mobile emergency lights can only provide single-mode lighting and are difficult to adapt to dynamic rescue scenarios; due to the influence of satellite signal shielding, the existing positioning method has blind spots and cannot synchronize location information in real time, which slows down rescue efficiency and increases risks; the lighting and positioning systems are independent of each other, which causes the lighting, positioning and command links to be disconnected and cannot dynamically adjust the rescue layout.
[0007] In view of this, this application proposes a method for underground tunnel rescue, the method comprising: When an accident occurs in the underground tunnel, the emergency lights in the tunnel will automatically turn on, complete self-check, and start the LoRa self-organizing network to form a distributed positioning network. In response to the completion of the distributed positioning network construction, the command center terminal receives data from the distributed positioning network and generates a layout diagram of the equipment inside the tunnel. Based on the rescuers wearing ultra-wideband terminals entering the tunnel, the triangulation algorithm of three adjacent emergency base stations set up inside the tunnel calculates the location of the rescuers and transmits it to the command center. The distributed positioning network composed of emergency lights inside the tunnel captures the ultra-wideband signal of the terminal by connecting to the emergency base stations. Based on the location information of the rescuers, which showed that the rescuers were approaching the area where the people were trapped, the command center switched at least two emergency lights in the vicinity of the area to strobe mode to form a guide light strip to guide the trapped people. The command center adjusted the brightness of the emergency lights deep inside the tunnel.
[0008] In one specific implementation, when an accident occurs in an underground tunnel, the emergency lights inside the tunnel automatically turn on, complete self-checks, and initiate a LoRa self-organizing network to form a distributed positioning network, including: When an accident occurs in the underground tunnel, the emergency lights inside the tunnel will automatically turn on and complete a self-check. As all emergency lights in the tunnel complete their self-tests, the emergency lights at the entrance of the underground tunnel complete their initial position calibration via satellite positioning. In response to the emergency light at the entrance of the underground tunnel completing its initial position calibration, the other emergency lights in the tunnel complete their self-positioning by measuring the relative distance to the emergency light at the entrance using LoRa. In response to all emergency lights in the tunnel completing their self-location, a LoRa self-organizing network is initiated, forming a distributed positioning network.
[0009] In one specific embodiment, the method further includes: Because a tunnel emergency light was interrupted due to a collision after falling, the two surrounding tunnel emergency lights automatically detected the signal loss through periodic heartbeat interaction combined with signal strength threshold monitoring. In response to the detected absence of traffic light signals in the tunnel, the distributed positioning network adjusts its positioning coverage and generates a new distributed positioning network. In response to the generation of a new distributed positioning network, the command center terminal simultaneously issues equipment fault alarms to prompt rescue personnel to perform maintenance during subsequent recovery.
[0010] The present invention also includes an underground tunnel rescue system for implementing the above method, comprising a movable emergency light unit, a distributed linkage positioning module, and a command center terminal; The portable emergency light unit includes a LoRa self-organizing network module 311, which is used to automatically turn on and complete self-test after a tunnel accident occurs. The LoRa self-organizing network module 311 is used to build a distributed positioning network and supports adjusting the lighting brightness and angle in response to commands. The brightness includes at least a strong light mode, a weak light mode and a strobe mode. The distributed linkage positioning module includes an ultra-wideband positioning base station 312 and an ultra-wideband personnel terminal 322. The ultra-wideband positioning base station 312 is integrated into the mobile emergency light unit and is used to capture the signal of the ultra-wideband personnel terminal 322 worn by the rescuers. The real-time position of the rescuers is calculated by using a triangulation algorithm through at least three adjacent ultra-wideband positioning base stations 312 of the mobile emergency light units. The command center terminal is used to receive the location data of the movable emergency light unit and the real-time location of the rescue personnel transmitted by the distributed positioning network, generate a layout map of the equipment in the tunnel, and issue instructions to switch at least two movable emergency light units around the target area to strobe mode to form a guide light strip, and can remotely adjust the lighting brightness of the movable emergency light units deep in the tunnel.
[0011] In one specific embodiment, the portable emergency light unit further includes a satellite positioning module 321, a power supply module 331, and a communication module 341; The satellite positioning module 321 is a GPS / BeiDou dual-mode module, used to complete the initial position calibration of the movable emergency light unit at the tunnel entrance; The power module 331 includes a 20Ah ternary lithium battery pack with a nominal voltage of 12V and a Type-C fast charging structure. The communication module 341 includes a Bluetooth 5.0 module and a 4G / 5G full network module, which together with the LoRa self-organizing network module 311 form a multi-link redundant communication.
[0012] In one specific embodiment, the ultra-wideband positioning base station 312 operates in the frequency range of 3.1-10.6GHz, has a positioning accuracy of ±5cm, and a location data update frequency of ≥10Hz; the lighting module of the portable emergency light unit is equipped with a 30W high-brightness LED light source, with a luminous flux of 3500lm, a color temperature of 5000K, a power consumption of 30W in strong light mode, a power consumption of 10W in weak light mode, and a strobe mode frequency of 10Hz, and the lighting angle can be adjusted by a mechanical knob.
[0013] In one specific embodiment, the command center terminal includes a hardware unit 313, which is an industrial-grade tablet computer or desktop workstation, including a display device, a processor, memory and storage, and the hardware unit 313 has an IP65 protection rating.
[0014] In one specific embodiment, the command center terminal includes a software unit 323. The software unit 323 is based on the Android operating system, supports importing OBJ / STL format tunnel 3D models, can generate lighting coverage heat maps and personnel distribution dynamic maps, can simultaneously connect up to 50 mobile emergency light units and at least 30 ultra-wideband personnel terminals 322, and can simultaneously issue equipment fault alarm prompts.
[0015] In one specific embodiment, the housing of the movable emergency light unit is made of aluminum alloy.
[0016] In one specific embodiment, the hardware unit 313 is connected to a pre-buried communication cable or signal booster in the tunnel.
[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This patented technology significantly enhances the flexibility of emergency lighting. The portable emergency light can be flexibly deployed to areas inaccessible by fixed lighting. Equipped with a high-brightness LED light source, it supports switching between strong light, weak light, and flicker modes, and the lighting angle is adjustable to adapt to various rescue lighting needs. Simultaneously, it upgrades positioning stability and accuracy. The distributed ultra-wideband positioning network overcomes the problem of satellite signal shielding, achieving ultra-high precision in personnel positioning. The LoRa self-organizing network achieves full signal coverage, and real-time data synchronization ensures safe and efficient rescue operations. Furthermore, it features an innovative breakthrough in system synergy. The emergency light combines lighting and positioning base station functions, constructing an integrated lighting-positioning-command system. The command center can dynamically allocate lighting and issue guidance instructions, significantly improving the intelligence level of tunnel rescue and ensuring personnel safety.
[0018] Other features and aspects of this application will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are included in and form part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of this application together with the specification and serve to explain the principles of this application.
[0020] Figure 1 This application shows an overall flowchart of the underground tunnel rescue method according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This document illustrates a sub-flowchart of emergency light self-localization and LoRa self-organizing network construction according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure and equipment layout of an underground tunnel rescue system according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This application shows an overall structural diagram of an underground tunnel rescue system according to an embodiment of the present application; Detailed Implementation Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote elements that have the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, they are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.
[0021] It should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application or to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.
[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0023] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments.
[0024] Furthermore, to better illustrate this application, numerous specific details are provided in the following detailed embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application can be implemented without certain specific details. In some instances, methods, means, components, and circuits well-known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail in order to highlight the main points of this application.
[0025] The underground tunnels referred to in this application are narrow, enclosed spaces artificially excavated or constructed underground to meet the needs of traffic flow, resource transportation, municipal engineering, or construction. These include highway tunnels, railway tunnels, urban rail transit tunnels (such as subway tunnels), water conservancy tunnels, mining tunnels, and temporary excavation passages during tunnel construction. These tunnels are generally characterized by narrow spaces, enclosed environments, and complex geological conditions (potentially including unstable surrounding rock and water seepage). Furthermore, they rely on artificial lighting and communication systems. In the event of sudden accidents such as collapses, fires, or power outages, they can easily create dangerous environments filled with smoke and disrupted signals, posing a severe challenge to personnel safety and emergency rescue. This is precisely the core application scenario of the rescue methods and systems described in this application.
[0026] The invention of this application is an underground tunnel rescue method and system, which can be applied in the field of emergency rescue for accidents in underground tunnels under construction or already built. It solves the problems of insufficient flexibility of emergency lighting, blind spots in positioning, and disconnection between lighting and positioning systems in complex environments such as power outages, smoke, and structural collapse after tunnel accidents. It enables dynamic allocation of lighting, accurate positioning of personnel, and efficient command and coordination during the rescue process, improves the level of intelligence and safety of tunnel rescue, and protects the lives of rescuers and trapped personnel.
[0027] Specific references Figure 1 As a specific embodiment of the underground tunnel rescue method of this application, the method includes step S100: when an accident occurs in an underground tunnel, the emergency lights in the tunnel automatically turn on, complete self-testing, and start a LoRa self-organizing network to form a distributed positioning network. Step S200: in response to the completion of the distributed positioning network construction, the command center terminal receives the distributed positioning network data and generates a layout diagram of the equipment in the tunnel. Step S300: based on the rescue personnel wearing ultra-wideband terminals entering the tunnel, the location of the rescue personnel is calculated using a triangulation algorithm of three adjacent emergency base stations set up inside the tunnel and transmitted to the command center, wherein the distributed positioning network composed of emergency lights in the tunnel captures the ultra-wideband signal of the terminal by connecting to the emergency base stations. Step S400: based on the location information of the rescue personnel indicating that the rescue personnel are approaching the area where the personnel are trapped, the command center switches at least two emergency lights around the area to strobe mode to form a guide light strip to guide the trapped personnel. And step S500: the command center adjusts the illumination brightness of the tunnel emergency lights deep in the tunnel. Emergency lights quickly self-test, power on, and form a network, rapidly building a distributed positioning network to solve the problem of slow deployment of lighting and positioning equipment after tunnel accidents, thus gaining valuable time for rescue. The command center can obtain real-time equipment layout and personnel positioning, eliminating positioning blind spots and preventing rescuers from getting lost or overlapping operations. The strobe guide light strip and brightness adjustment enable "lighting-positioning-command" linkage, adapting to search and rescue scenarios, alleviating panic among trapped personnel, and improving rescue efficiency and safety.
[0028] Specifically, the "accident in an underground tunnel" mentioned in this method refers to a situation where the underground tunnel experiences partial collapse or becomes inaccessible due to natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, or landslides, or due to structural problems that occur during or after the tunnel's construction. The underground tunnel mentioned here can be either under construction or already completed and in use. The methods used to verify and confirm whether an accident has occurred in an underground tunnel are conventional techniques in this field and will not be elaborated upon here.
[0029] Preferably, the time for the emergency lights in the tunnel to automatically turn on and complete the automatic detection is at most 10 seconds.
[0030] The automatic detection content described in the above embodiment includes power supply, communication module 341, and ultra-wideband base station function effectiveness detection, and after successful automatic detection, it sends a self-test qualified signal to the surrounding adjacent movable emergency lights and the command center terminal.
[0031] Specific references Figure 2 As a specific embodiment of the underground tunnel rescue method of this application, when an accident occurs in an underground tunnel, the emergency lights in the tunnel automatically turn on, complete self-checks, and initiate a LoRa self-organizing network to form a distributed positioning network, including step S110: When an accident occurs in an underground tunnel, the emergency lights in the tunnel automatically turn on and complete self-checks. Step S120: Corresponding to the completion of self-checks by all emergency lights in the tunnel, the emergency light at the entrance of the underground tunnel completes initial position calibration through satellite positioning. Step S130: In response to the completion of initial position calibration by the emergency light at the entrance of the underground tunnel, the remaining emergency lights in the tunnel complete self-positioning by measuring the relative distance to the emergency light at the entrance through LoRa. And step S140: In response to the completion of self-positioning by all emergency lights in the tunnel, the LoRa self-organizing network is initiated to form a distributed positioning network. By combining the satellite calibration of the entrance light with the LoRa relative distance measurement of the remaining emergency lights in the tunnel, the problem of satellite signal shielding in the tunnel is solved, ensuring accurate positioning of all lights. Furthermore, by quickly initiating the LoRa self-organizing network to form a distributed positioning network, the foundation for subsequent rescue positioning and lighting linkage is laid, significantly shortening the rescue preparation time.
[0032] Specifically, satellite positioning is activated only after all emergency lights in the tunnel have completed their self-tests, to avoid invalidation of the benchmark calibration due to malfunctions in some equipment.
[0033] Specifically, to address potential obstructions from buildings and mountains at the tunnel entrance, the module employs an adaptive weighted filtering algorithm based on channel estimation to filter reflected signal interference, ensuring positioning accuracy ≤1 meter. The multipath suppression algorithm involves real-time analysis of the propagation channel characteristics of satellite signals in the complex environment of the tunnel entrance, identifying the differences between direct and reflected signals, and then using dynamic weighted filtering to achieve interference filtering. The above description is readily understood and implemented by those skilled in the art, and will not be elaborated further here.
[0034] The emergency lights at the entrance of the underground tunnel described in this embodiment refer to movable emergency light units deployed within a range of 0-50 meters inward from the tunnel entrance. This area is a semi-open space within the tunnel, capable of receiving satellite signals to meet the signal acquisition requirements of GPS / BeiDou dual-mode positioning modules. It is also located on the essential path for rescue personnel entering the tunnel, serving as a reference anchor point for the distributed positioning network. This provides a precise ranging reference for subsequent emergency lights inside the tunnel and facilitates rapid deployment and activation of the self-organizing network in the initial stages of rescue operations. The emergency lights inside the tunnel described in this embodiment refer to movable emergency light units deployed beyond 50 meters inward from the tunnel entrance. This area is a closed space within the tunnel, where satellite signals are blocked. Self-positioning is achieved by measuring the relative distance to the emergency lights at the entrance using LoRa. These units are often distributed along the sides of collapsed areas, in potential rescue passages, and in deep areas where trapped personnel may remain. Serving as positioning network nodes and dynamic lighting equipment, they adapt to the positioning coverage and lighting needs of tunnel search and rescue, demolition, and other scenarios.
[0035] Specific references Figure 3 As a specific embodiment of the underground tunnel rescue method of this application, the method further includes step S600: based on the LoRa communication interruption caused by a falling emergency light in the tunnel, two surrounding emergency lights in the tunnel automatically detect the signal loss through periodic heartbeat interaction combined with signal strength threshold monitoring. Step S700: in response to the detected signal loss of the emergency lights in the tunnel, the distributed positioning network adjusts its positioning coverage area and generates a new distributed positioning network. And step S800: in response to the generation of the new distributed positioning network, the command center terminal simultaneously issues a device fault alarm to prompt rescue personnel to perform maintenance during subsequent recovery.
[0036] Specifically, the periodic heartbeat interaction combined with signal strength threshold monitoring in the above embodiment includes: based on a distributed positioning network, all emergency lights in the tunnel establish a two-way communication link through a LoRa self-organizing network, with a preset periodic heartbeat data packet interaction protocol of 1 second / time. The heartbeat data packet contains core parameters such as the device ID, real-time location coordinates, battery level, and communication signal strength of the sending emergency light, ensuring real-time synchronization of device status within the network. Among them, two surrounding emergency lights act as direct communication nodes for the faulty emergency light, continuously receiving the heartbeat data packets sent by it. When no heartbeat data packet is received from the faulty emergency light for at least three consecutive heartbeat cycles, and no active offline command is detected from that device, a reception timeout warning is triggered.
[0037] If a nearby emergency light receives a data packet from a faulty emergency light within one heartbeat cycle, but the signal strength of the data packet remains below a first preset value, and the same result is obtained for two consecutive detections at a second preset value, then the signal is determined to have attenuated to a critical interruption state. Combined with a receive timeout warning or a critical signal strength warning, the nearby emergency lights automatically confirm that the LoRa communication of the faulty emergency light has been interrupted.
[0038] The present invention also includes a device. See details below. Figure 3 As a specific embodiment of the underground tunnel rescue system of this application, the system is used to implement the method described in the above embodiment. The system includes a movable emergency light unit 301, a distributed linkage positioning module 302, and a command center terminal 303. The portable emergency light unit 301 includes a LoRa self-organizing network module 311, which is used to automatically turn on and complete self-test after a tunnel accident occurs. The LoRa self-organizing network module 311 is used to build a distributed positioning network and supports adjusting the lighting brightness and angle in response to commands. The brightness includes at least a strong light mode, a weak light mode, and a strobe mode.
[0039] In one specific embodiment, the portable emergency light unit adopts a modular integrated design, measuring 30cm × 20cm × 15cm and weighing 4.5kg, facilitating rapid deployment by rescue personnel via drone airdrop or manual transport. The outer shell is made of high-strength aluminum alloy, treated with a special process, achieving IP67 waterproof rating, allowing normal operation in humid environments or waterlogged areas within tunnels. It also meets the IK08 impact resistance standard, withstanding a 1m drop without damage to core components. The lighting module is equipped with a 30W high-brightness LED light source, boasting a luminous flux of up to 3500lm and a stable color temperature of 5000K, providing light close to natural light and effectively reducing visual fatigue for rescue personnel. The lighting angle can be flexibly adjusted via a mechanical knob to meet the needs of different rescue scenarios, and it supports switching between three modes: strong light, weak light, and strobe. The strong light mode is suitable for large-scale search and rescue, the weak light mode reduces energy consumption and extends battery life, and the strobe mode creates a guide light strip. The integrated LoRa self-organizing network module has a communication rate of up to 50kbps and a communication distance of up to 80m in the tunnel, enabling rapid construction of a distributed network; the Bluetooth 5.0 module has a communication distance of 10m, enabling short-range device interaction; the 4G / 5G full network compatibility module ensures long-distance communication with the command center in complex environments; and the GPS / BeiDou dual-mode satellite positioning module provides accurate initial position calibration for the emergency lights at the entrance, laying the foundation for the entire positioning network.
[0040] This unit combines portability and durability, enabling rapid deployment to critical tunnel nodes. Multi-mode lighting adapts to various rescue scenarios, long battery life and fast charging ensure continuous operation, while multi-link communication and dual-mode positioning support system collaboration, effectively addressing the limitations of traditional emergency lights in terms of single function and poor adaptability.
[0041] The distributed linkage positioning module 302 includes an ultra-wideband positioning base station 312 and an ultra-wideband personnel terminal 322. The ultra-wideband positioning base station 312 is integrated into the mobile emergency light unit 301 and is used to capture the signal of the ultra-wideband personnel terminal 322 worn by the rescuers. The real-time position of the rescuers is calculated by using a triangulation algorithm through at least three adjacent ultra-wideband positioning base stations 312 of the mobile emergency light unit 301.
[0042] In one specific embodiment, during the positioning calculation process, when rescuers enter the tunnel, at least three adjacent mobile emergency light units' ultra-wideband positioning base stations will simultaneously capture the ultra-wideband personnel terminal signals they are wearing. The system uses a triangulation algorithm, combined with the location information of each base station, to quickly calculate the real-time location of the rescuers, with a positioning accuracy of ±5cm and a location data update frequency of 10Hz, that is, data is updated once every 100ms, to ensure that the command center can keep track of the rescuers' dynamics in real time.
[0043] Furthermore, the module also has adaptive adjustment capabilities. When a certain ultra-wideband positioning base station fails to work properly due to a malfunction, the surrounding base stations will automatically detect the signal loss and quickly adjust the positioning coverage area to fill in the positioning blind spots and ensure that the positioning function is not interrupted.
[0044] This module completely solves the problem of satellite signal shielding in tunnels. The high-precision, high-frequency positioning data provides accurate basis for command center dispatch. Two-way communication and adaptive adjustment functions improve positioning stability, avoid positioning failure due to equipment failure, and reduce the risk of rescuers getting lost or colliding.
[0045] The command center terminal 303 is used to receive the location data of the movable emergency light unit 301 and the real-time location of the rescue personnel transmitted by the distributed positioning network, generate a layout diagram of the equipment in the tunnel, and issue instructions to switch at least two movable emergency light units 301 around the target area to strobe mode to form a guide light strip, and can remotely adjust the lighting brightness of the movable emergency light unit 301 deep in the tunnel.
[0046] In terms of data reception and processing, the terminal can receive real-time location data of mobile emergency light units and rescue personnel from the distributed positioning network, with a data transmission latency of ≤200ms, ensuring timely information delivery. Simultaneously, the terminal possesses powerful command issuance capabilities. Commanders can issue commands to switch at least two mobile emergency light units around the target area to strobe mode, forming a guide light strip to guide rescue personnel, based on rescue needs. It can also remotely adjust the lighting brightness of emergency lights deep within tunnels, providing suitable lighting conditions for different rescue stages. Industrial-grade hardware ensures stable operation of the terminal in complex environments, while a feature-rich software system enables data visualization and efficient scheduling. Timely data reception and command issuance ensure coordinated operation of "lighting-positioning-command," and fault alarm functions reduce equipment management difficulty and significantly improve rescue dispatch efficiency.
[0047] In one specific embodiment, the portable emergency light unit 301 further includes a satellite positioning module 321, a power supply module 331, and a communication module 341; The satellite positioning module 321 is a GPS / BeiDou dual-mode module, used by the movable emergency light unit 301 at the tunnel entrance to complete the initial position calibration. The power module 331 includes a 20Ah ternary lithium battery pack with a nominal voltage of 12V and a Type-C fast charging structure. The communication module 341 includes a Bluetooth 5.0 module and a 4G / 5G full network module, which together with the LoRa self-organizing network module 311 form a multi-link redundant communication.
[0048] In one specific embodiment, the ultra-wideband positioning base station 312 operates in a frequency range of 3.1-10.6GHz, with a positioning accuracy of ±5cm and a location data update frequency of ≥10Hz; the movable emergency light unit 301 has a lighting module equipped with a 30W high-brightness LED light source, a luminous flux of 3500lm, a color temperature of 5000K, a power consumption of 30W in strong light mode, a power consumption of 10W in weak light mode, and a strobe mode frequency of 10Hz, and the lighting angle can be adjusted by a mechanical knob.
[0049] In one specific embodiment, the command center terminal 303 includes a hardware unit 313, which is an industrial-grade tablet computer or desktop workstation, including a display device 313-1, a processor 313-2, and memory and storage 313-3. The hardware unit 313 has an IP65 protection rating.
[0050] In one specific embodiment, the command center terminal 303 includes a software unit 323. The software unit 323 is based on the Android operating system, supports importing OBJ / STL format tunnel 3D models, can generate lighting coverage heat maps and personnel distribution dynamic maps, can simultaneously connect up to 50 mobile emergency light units 301 and at least 30 ultra-wideband personnel terminals 322, and can simultaneously issue equipment fault alarm prompts.
[0051] In one specific embodiment, the housing of the movable emergency light unit 301 is made of aluminum alloy.
[0052] The aluminum alloy material described herein has an IP67 waterproof rating and an IK08 impact resistance rating.
[0053] In one specific embodiment, the hardware unit 313 is connected to a pre-buried communication cable or signal booster in the tunnel.
[0054] The various embodiments of this application have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A method for underground tunnel rescue, characterized in that, include: When an accident occurs in the underground tunnel, the emergency lights in the tunnel will automatically turn on, complete self-check, and start the LoRa self-organizing network to form a distributed positioning network. In response to the completion of the distributed positioning network construction, the command center terminal receives data from the distributed positioning network and generates a layout diagram of the equipment inside the tunnel. Based on the rescuers wearing ultra-wideband terminals entering the tunnel, the triangulation algorithm of three adjacent emergency base stations set up inside the tunnel calculates the location of the rescuers and transmits it to the command center. The distributed positioning network composed of emergency lights inside the tunnel captures the ultra-wideband signal of the terminal by connecting to the emergency base stations. Based on the location information of the rescuers, which showed that the rescuers were approaching the area where the people were trapped, the command center switched at least two emergency lights in the vicinity of the area to strobe mode to form a guide light strip to guide the trapped people. The command center adjusted the brightness of the emergency lights deep inside the tunnel.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When an accident occurs in an underground tunnel, the emergency lights inside the tunnel automatically turn on, complete self-checks, and initiate a LoRa self-organizing network to form a distributed positioning network, including: When an accident occurs in the underground tunnel, the emergency lights inside the tunnel will automatically turn on and complete a self-check. As all emergency lights in the tunnel complete their self-tests, the emergency lights at the entrance of the underground tunnel complete their initial position calibration via satellite positioning. In response to the emergency light at the entrance of the underground tunnel completing its initial position calibration, the other emergency lights in the tunnel complete their self-positioning by measuring the relative distance to the emergency light at the entrance using LoRa. In response to all emergency lights in the tunnel completing their self-location, a LoRa self-organizing network is initiated, forming a distributed positioning network.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Because a tunnel emergency light was interrupted due to a collision after falling, the two surrounding tunnel emergency lights automatically detected the signal loss through periodic heartbeat interaction combined with signal strength threshold monitoring. In response to the detected absence of traffic light signals in the tunnel, the distributed positioning network adjusts its positioning coverage and generates a new distributed positioning network. In response to the generation of a new distributed positioning network, the command center terminal simultaneously issues equipment fault alarms to prompt rescue personnel to perform maintenance during subsequent recovery.
4. An underground tunnel rescue system, characterized in that, The method for implementing the method of claims 1-3 includes a mobile emergency light unit, a distributed linkage positioning module, and a command center terminal; The portable emergency light unit includes a LoRa self-organizing network module, which is used to automatically turn on and complete self-test after a tunnel accident occurs. The LoRa self-organizing network module is used to build a distributed positioning network and supports adjusting the lighting brightness and angle in response to commands. The brightness includes at least a strong light mode, a weak light mode and a strobe mode. The distributed linkage positioning module includes an ultra-wideband positioning base station and an ultra-wideband personnel terminal. The ultra-wideband positioning base station 312 is integrated into the mobile emergency light unit and is used to capture the signal of the ultra-wideband personnel terminal worn by the rescuers. The real-time position of the rescuers is calculated by using a triangulation algorithm through at least three adjacent ultra-wideband positioning base stations of the mobile emergency light units. The command center terminal is used to receive the location data of the movable emergency light unit and the real-time location of the rescue personnel transmitted by the distributed positioning network, generate a layout map of the equipment in the tunnel, and issue instructions to switch at least two movable emergency light units around the target area to strobe mode to form a guide light strip, and can remotely adjust the lighting brightness of the movable emergency light units deep in the tunnel.
5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The portable emergency light unit also includes a satellite positioning module, a power supply module, and a communication module; The satellite positioning module is a GPS / BeiDou dual-mode module, used to complete the initial position calibration of the movable emergency light unit at the tunnel entrance; The power module includes a 20Ah ternary lithium battery pack with a nominal voltage of 12V and a Type-C fast charging structure. The communication module includes a Bluetooth 5.0 module and a 4G / 5G full network compatible module, which together with the LoRa self-organizing network module form a multi-link redundant communication.
6. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ultra-wideband positioning base station operates in the frequency range of 3.1-10.6GHz, with a positioning accuracy of ±5cm and a location data update frequency of ≥10Hz. The lighting module of the portable emergency light unit is equipped with a 30W high-brightness LED light source, with a luminous flux of 3500lm, a color temperature of 5000K, a power consumption of 30W in strong light mode, a power consumption of 10W in weak light mode, and a strobe mode frequency of 10Hz. The lighting angle can be adjusted by a mechanical knob.
7. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The command center terminal includes a hardware unit 313, which is an industrial-grade tablet computer or desktop workstation, including a display device, processor, memory, and storage.
8. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The command center terminal includes a software unit based on the Android operating system. It supports importing OBJ / STL format tunnel 3D models, can generate lighting coverage heat maps and dynamic personnel distribution maps, and can simultaneously connect up to 50 mobile emergency light units and at least 30 ultra-wideband personnel terminals, and synchronously issue equipment fault alarm prompts.
9. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The housing of the portable emergency light unit is made of aluminum alloy.
10. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The hardware unit is connected to the pre-buried communication cable or signal booster in the tunnel.