Safety valve based on gas early warning

Abstract

The safety valve comprises a valve body, a valve element, a valve seat, a guide rod and an inlet connector. The safety valve further comprises a gas pre-tightening cavity which is formed in the valve body and is independent of a system medium circulation channel. The gas pre-tightening cavity is filled with pre-tightening gas through an external gas source connector, the pre-tightening gas keeps set pressure, the gas pressure pushes the sliding sleeve so that a continuous external gas source can be applied to one end face of the valve element, gas pre-tightening force can be formed, and the direction of the gas pre-tightening force is the direction enabling the valve element to be pressed on the valve seat. The inlet connector is installed at one end of the valve body and abuts against the valve seat. The opening pressure of the safety valve is determined by the product of the gas pressure in the gas pre-tightening cavity and the effective action area of the sliding sleeve bearing the gas pressure. The opening pressure of the safety valve can be continuously adjusted by adjusting the gas pressure in the gas pre-tightening cavity. The problems of fatigue, response lag, tedious adjustment and the like of a mechanical spring are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safety valve technology, specifically a safety valve based on gas early warning. Background Technology

[0002] In hydraulic or pneumatic systems used in hydraulic supports, construction machinery, and other fields, safety valves serve as core overload protection components, and their performance stability directly determines the safety boundary and reliability level of the system. Currently, spring-loaded safety valves, commonly used in industrial practice, rely on a mechanical spring to apply preload force to the valve core to maintain a sealed state. When the system pressure exceeds the spring's set threshold, the valve core opens to provide pressure relief. However, this technical solution has deep-seated drawbacks: under long-term alternating loads, the mechanical spring inevitably undergoes metal fatigue, leading to a continuous decrease in its elastic modulus. This results in irreversible drift in the safety valve's opening pressure, which not only shortens the equipment's lifespan but also forces maintenance personnel to frequently replace the spring assembly to maintain basic functionality, significantly increasing maintenance costs. Regarding pressure regulation, any adjustment to the opening pressure requires complete disassembly of the valve body structure and recompression or replacement of the disc spring assembly. This process involves precision tool operation and is limited by the on-site environment, making rapid response difficult. Furthermore, the adjustment accuracy is significantly affected by human factors, failing to meet the refined pressure setting requirements of modern industry. Furthermore, the inherent physical inertia of the spring causes the valve core to lag in action when the system pressure changes abruptly. Especially under high-frequency pressure fluctuations, this can easily induce valve core oscillation during opening and closing or system pressure overshoot, potentially leading to the failure of the protection function in severe cases. More importantly, the pressure relief channel of traditional safety valves has a fixed size, making it impossible to dynamically adjust the flow rate according to real-time pressure changes during the relief process. When encountering a large flow impact, the fixed channel can easily cause uneven relief, leading to a sudden rise or fall in system pressure and disrupting operational stability.

[0003] Therefore, developing a new safety valve based on gas early warning has become a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a gas-preload-based safety valve, including a valve body, a valve core disposed in an internal cavity of the valve body, a valve seat that cooperates with the valve core to form a sealing pair, a guide rod for guiding the axial movement of the valve core, and an inlet connector for introducing media. The safety valve also includes a gas pre-tightening chamber disposed inside the valve body and independent of the system medium flow channel; The gas pre-tightening chamber is filled with pre-tightening gas at a set pressure through an external gas source interface. The gas pressure pushes the sliding sleeve to apply a continuous external gas source to one end face of the valve core and form a gas pre-tightening force. The direction of the gas pre-tightening force is to press the valve core against the valve seat. The inlet connector is installed at one end of the valve body and abuts against the valve seat; The opening pressure of the safety valve is determined by the product of the gas pressure in the gas pre-tightening chamber and the effective area of ​​the sliding sleeve that bears the gas pressure. By adjusting the gas pressure in the gas pre-tightening chamber, the opening pressure of the safety valve can be continuously adjusted.

[0005] Optionally, the gas pre-tightening chamber is a cavity inside the valve body. The valve body has a pre-tightening hole and a threaded hole for connecting to an external gas source. The pre-tightening hole is located on one end face of the valve body, and at least one gas passage hole communicating with the gas pre-tightening chamber is provided on the pre-tightening hole. The threaded hole is located at the end of the pre-tightening hole away from the gas passage hole. The position of the pre-tightening hole is adapted to the position of the gas pre-tightening chamber. A sealing gasket is provided on the pre-tightening hole. One end of the sealing gasket is used to block the gas passage hole, and a threaded connector is provided on the upper part of the other end. The threaded connector is connected to the threaded hole of the valve body. A threaded plug is also provided on the threaded connector. The sealing gasket and the cavity inside the valve body form the gas pre-tightening chamber. When the threaded plug is tightened, the gas pressure in the gas pre-tightening chamber presses the sealing gasket tightly against the threaded connection, forming a leak-free sealing chamber. When the threaded plug is loosened, the external air source is connected to the threaded connector through a transition joint. Under pressure, the external air source pushes open the sealing gasket, so that the external air source and the gas pre-tightening chamber form a passage, and the external air source enters the gas pre-tightening chamber to reach the set gas pressure.

[0006] Optionally, the valve core has a stepped conical cylindrical structure, and the gas pressure pushes the sliding sleeve so that the pressure acts on the large-diameter end face of the valve core; Its small-diameter end slides in engagement with the guide rod, and four radially penetrating pressure relief channels are provided on the cylindrical surface of the valve core; In a sealed state, the conical sealing surface or end face of the valve core is tightly fitted with the sealing surface of the valve seat under the action of gas pre-tightening force; In the depressurized state, the valve core moves axially, and an annular depressurization channel is formed between the depressurization flow channel on it and the inner hole of the valve seat.

[0007] Optionally, the safety valve further includes a sliding sleeve that is axially slidably fitted over the valve core; The inner wall diameter of one end of the sliding sleeve is larger than the end face diameter of the valve core, forming a liquid flow channel that can partially or completely cover or expose the pressure relief flow channel as it moves axially. The sliding sleeve, near the end face of the valve core pressure relief channel, bears the system medium pressure from the inlet connector. This allows the sliding sleeve to undergo axial displacement under the drive of the medium pressure when the system pressure changes, thereby dynamically changing the effective flow area of ​​the pressure relief channel and achieving adaptive adjustment of the flow rate during the pressure relief process.

[0008] Optionally, the guide rod is a cylindrical rod that can move with the valve core and the sliding sleeve; A radially penetrating pressure relief channel is opened on the corresponding end of the guide rod, which forms a liquid channel with the pressure relief channel of the valve core. The medium flowing in from the inlet joint enters the inner hole channel of the guide rod through this channel and flows out from the adjusting joint. The valve core has a guide hole at the corresponding end that matches the outer diameter of the guide rod. The guide rod passes through the guide hole and forms a sliding pair with the valve core. This structure ensures that the valve core always moves precisely in a straight line along the axis of the guide rod under the action of gas preload and system medium pressure, preventing the valve core from radially deviating, tilting or jamming during operation.

[0009] Optionally, the safety valve further includes an adjusting connector, which is threadedly connected to the inlet end of the valve body and located between the positioning element and the valve core; Rotating the adjusting connector to change its depth into the valve body can indirectly change the initial volume of the gas pre-tightening chamber or the range of the opening size between the valve core and the valve seat, thereby fine-tuning the opening pressure of the safety valve or compensating for and calibrating the system performance under different gas pressure settings.

[0010] Optionally, the external air source is connected via a transition joint or directly to the threaded connector or the air passage on the valve body.

[0011] Optionally, at least one sealing ring is provided between the adjusting joint and the guide rod, between the guide rod and the valve body, between the sliding sleeve and the guide rod, between the transition connector and the sliding sleeve, between the transition connector and the valve body, between the valve seat and the inlet joint, between the threaded connector and the sealing gasket, between the threaded connector and the valve body, and between the threaded connector and the threaded plug, forming a complete sealing system.

[0012] This application provides a pressure regulation and pressure relief method for a safety valve based on gas early warning, including the following steps: S1: Sealing and pressure maintenance, gas at a preset pressure is introduced into the gas pre-tightening chamber, the gas pressure acts on the valve core to press tightly against the valve seat, the safety valve closes, and the system establishes and maintains the working pressure; S2: Pressure relief trigger. When the system medium pressure rises and exceeds the opening pressure threshold determined by the gas preload pressure and the effective area of ​​the sliding sleeve, the valve core moves upward against the gas preload force, and the safety valve opens. S3: Dynamic flow regulation. During the depressurization process, the sliding sleeve moves axially under the drive of system pressure, automatically adjusting the opening of the depressurization channel to match the current depressurization requirements. S4: Pressure recovery. When the system pressure drops below the opening pressure threshold, the gas preload pushes the valve core to reset and re-fit against the valve seat, the safety valve closes, and the system restores its seal.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. This invention utilizes the compressibility of gas to linearly and continuously set the opening pressure of the safety valve by directly adjusting the pressure of the gas pre-tightening chamber through an external gas source. This method eliminates the need to disassemble the valve, is simple and quick to operate, and offers high pressure setting accuracy, greatly improving calibration and debugging efficiency. 2. By using gas pressure instead of mechanical springs as the preload source, the fatigue failure mode of metal materials is completely eliminated. The gas medium itself does not suffer from aging or degradation, resulting in an extremely long service life and extremely high stability for the core drive components of the safety valve. 3. By adding a sliding sleeve that cooperates with the valve core, this invention achieves intelligent pressure relief. When the system pressure changes, the sliding sleeve can automatically move and change the effective area of ​​the pressure relief flow channel, realizing negative feedback regulation of the relief flow rate. This smooths the pressure relief process, avoids drastic fluctuations in system pressure and frequent opening and closing impacts of the valve core, and improves the overall pressure stability of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the safety valve based on gas early warning provided in this application; In the diagram: 1. Adjusting connector; 2. Positioning component; 3. Valve body; 4. Guide rod; 5. Threaded connector; 6. Sealing gasket; 7. Threaded plug; 8. Sliding sleeve; 9. Transition connector; 10. Valve core; 11. Valve seat; 12. Sealing ring; 13. Inlet connector; 14. Gas pre-tightening chamber; 15. Pre-tightening hole; 16. Threaded hole; 17. Gas passage hole. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Traditional spring-loaded safety valves are prone to mechanical spring fatigue during long-term use, leading to opening pressure drift and limited service life. Their opening pressure regulation process is complex, time-consuming, and lacks precision. Furthermore, when faced with sudden changes in system pressure, the valve core's opening and closing action is delayed, and the discharge flow lacks adaptive adjustment capability, potentially causing system pressure overshoot or oscillation, affecting the safety and reliability of hydraulic or pneumatic systems.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a gas-preload-based safety valve, including a valve body 3, a valve core 10 disposed in the internal cavity of the valve body 3, a valve seat 11 that cooperates with the valve core 10 to form a sealing pair, a guide rod 4 for guiding the axial movement of the valve core 10, and an inlet connector 13 for introducing media. The safety valve also includes a gas pre-tightening chamber 14 disposed inside the valve body 3 and independent of the system medium flow channel; The gas pre-tightening chamber 14 is filled with pre-tightening gas at a set pressure through an external gas source interface 5. The gas pressure pushes the sliding sleeve 8 to apply a continuous external gas source to one end face of the valve core 10 and form a gas pre-tightening force. The direction of the gas pre-tightening force is to press the valve core 10 against the valve seat 11. The inlet connector 13 is installed at one end of the valve body 3 and abuts against the valve seat 11; The opening pressure of the safety valve is determined by the product of the gas pressure in the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 and the effective area of ​​the sliding sleeve 8 that bears the gas pressure. By adjusting the gas pressure in the gas pre-tightening chamber 14, the opening pressure of the safety valve can be continuously adjusted.

[0018] The valve body 3 is the main structure of the safety valve, which forms a chamber to accommodate other components and provides an installation interface.

[0019] The valve core 10 is the opening and closing element of the safety valve. It achieves sealing or separation with the valve seat 11 through axial movement, thereby controlling the flow of the medium.

[0020] The valve seat 11 is a fixed component that cooperates with the valve core 10 to form a sealing pair. When its sealing surface is in close contact with the sealing surface of the valve core 10, it prevents the medium from passing through.

[0021] The guide rod 4 is used to provide the valve core 10 with an accurate axial movement trajectory, ensuring that the valve core 10 does not deviate or get stuck during the opening and closing process.

[0022] The inlet connector 13 is the passage for the system medium to enter the safety valve. It is usually installed at one end of the valve body 3 and abuts against the valve seat 11.

[0023] The gas pre-tightening chamber 14 is an independent chamber located inside the valve body 3, used to contain pre-tightening gas. This chamber is isolated from the system medium flow channel.

[0024] The external air source interface 5 is the channel connecting the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 to the external air source. Gas can be introduced into or discharged from the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 through this interface.

[0025] The sliding sleeve 8 is an axially sliding component. One end of it is subjected to the gas pressure in the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 and transmits the pressure to the valve core 10 to form a gas pre-tightening force.

[0026] The gas preload is a continuous force acting on the valve core 10, and its direction is intended to press the valve core 10 tightly against the valve seat 11 to maintain the closed state of the safety valve.

[0027] The opening pressure is the minimum pressure required for the system medium pressure to overcome the gas preload and open the valve core 10 to release pressure.

[0028] Specifically, the safety valve includes a valve body 3 with an internal chamber for housing the core working components. Within the internal chamber of the valve body 3, a valve core 10 is disposed. The valve core 10 is a cylindrical or conical shape with a specific shape to form an effective seal with a valve seat 11. The valve seat 11, which is fixed inside the valve body 3, cooperates with the valve core 10, and its sealing surface matches the sealing surface of the valve core 10, forming a sealing pair. When the valve core 10 and valve seat 11 are tightly fitted, media flow is blocked; when the valve core 10 moves away from the valve seat 11, the media is released. To ensure stable and accurate axial movement of the valve core 10 during opening and closing, a guide rod 4 is provided. The guide rod 4 can be a columnar structure fixed inside the valve body 3, with the valve core 10 slidingly engaging with the guide rod 4 through an internal hole. Furthermore, an inlet connector 13 for introducing system media is installed at one end of the valve body 3 and abuts against the valve seat 11, ensuring that the system media can directly act on the area of ​​the valve seat 11.

[0029] The gas pre-tightening chamber 14 is a cavity inside the valve body 3. A pre-tightening hole 15 is formed on the valve body 3. The pre-tightening hole 15 is used to connect a threaded connector 5. A threaded hole 16 is formed on the threaded connector 5. The threaded hole 16 is used to connect an external gas source. The pre-tightening hole 15 is formed on one end face of the valve body 3. At least one gas passage hole 17 communicating with the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 is formed on the end face of the pre-tightening hole 15. The threaded hole 16 is located at the end of the pre-tightening hole 15 away from the gas passage hole 17. A sealing gasket 6 is provided on the pre-tightening hole 15. The sealing gasket 6 is used to prevent gas leakage from the gas pre-tightening chamber 14. The threaded connector 5 is also provided on the upper part of the sealing gasket 6. The threaded connector 5 is connected to the threaded hole 16 of the valve body 3. A threaded plug 7 is also provided on the threaded connector 5. The sealing gasket 6, the threaded connector 5 and the cavity inside the valve body 3 form the gas pre-tightening chamber 14. When the threaded plug 7 is tightened, the gas pressure in the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 presses the sealing gasket 6 tightly against the threaded connector 5, forming a leak-free sealing chamber. When the threaded plug 7 is loosened, the external air source is connected to the threaded connector 5 through a transition joint. Under pressure, the external air source pushes open the sealing gasket 6, so that the external air source and the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 form a passage and enter the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 to reach the set gas pressure.

[0030] This application further proposes a structure for the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 and its inflation and sealing methods. Specifically, the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 is constructed as a cavity inside the valve body 3. This cavity is a pre-reserved enclosed space inside the safety valve body 3, and its main function is to contain pre-tightening gas and apply pre-tightening force to the valve core 10 through gas pressure. The design of this cavity should ensure that it has sufficient volume to store the pre-tightening gas and can withstand the set gas pressure. It is usually formed by precision machining of the internal structure of the valve body 3. A pre-tightening hole 15 is provided on the valve body 3. This pre-tightening hole 15 is a channel on the valve body 3 for external connection. Its function is to provide an interface for the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 to communicate with the external environment, so as to facilitate the inflation or deflation of pre-tightening gas. The pre-tightening hole 15 is usually threaded to facilitate reliable connection with external connectors. The pre-tightening hole 15 is used to connect to the threaded connector 5. The threaded connector 5 is a component with a threaded structure. Through the threaded engagement with the pre-tightening hole 15, the physical connection between the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 and the external gas source is realized. Its design should ensure tightness and airtightness of the connection to prevent gas leakage. A threaded hole 16 is provided on the threaded connector 5. This threaded hole 16 is an internal channel of the threaded connector 5 for further connection to an external gas source. This hole usually also has threads to facilitate connection to an external gas source pipeline or inflation device. The threaded hole 16 is used to connect to the external gas source, which establishes a connection with the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 through the threaded hole 16, thereby filling the chamber with gas at a preset pressure. The external gas source can be a high-pressure gas cylinder, a gas pump, or other gas supply device. A pre-tightening hole 15 is provided on one end face of the valve body 3. Providing the pre-tightening hole 15 on the end face of the valve body 3 simplifies the manufacturing process of the valve body 3 and provides convenient operating space for connecting the external gas source, facilitating installation and maintenance. At least one air passage hole 17 is provided on the end face of the pre-tightening hole 15, communicating with the gas pre-tightening chamber 14. The air passage hole 17 is a small hole on the end face of the pre-tightening hole 15, its function being to ensure a smooth gas passage between the pre-tightening hole 15 and the gas pre-tightening chamber 14. The design of these air passages 17 should ensure smooth gas flow into and out of the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 while avoiding adverse effects on sealing performance. The threaded hole 16 is located at the end of the pre-tightening hole 15 furthest from the air passage 17. This arrangement creates a certain distance between the threaded hole 16 and the air passage 17, facilitating a clear gas flow direction during inflation, allowing external gas to enter the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 through the internal channel of the threaded connector 5 and then through the air passage 17. A sealing gasket 6 is installed on the pre-tightening hole 15. The sealing gasket 6 is a sealing element made of elastic or plastic material. Its main function is to press it tightly under external pressure after the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 is inflated, thereby achieving a reliable seal of the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 and preventing pre-tightening gas leakage. Common sealing gasket materials include rubber and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).The sealing gasket 6 is used to prevent gas leakage from the gas pre-tightening chamber 14. The sealing gasket 6, through deformation or compression, fills the tiny gap between the pre-tightening hole 15 and the threaded connector 5, thereby blocking the gas leakage path and ensuring that the pressure inside the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 can be maintained stably. A threaded connector 5 is also provided on the upper part of the sealing gasket 6. The threaded connector 5 is located above the sealing gasket 6, and its structural design allows it to cooperate with the sealing gasket 6 during inflation or pressure holding to jointly complete the sealing function. The threaded connector 5 connects to the threaded hole 16 of the valve body 3. A threaded plug 7 is also provided on the threaded connector 5. The threaded plug 7 is a component that can be screwed into the threaded connector 5. Its main function is to apply pressure to the sealing gasket 6 through a tightening operation after inflation, making it fit tightly, thereby achieving the final seal of the gas pre-tightening chamber 14. The sealing gasket 6, the threaded connector 5, and the cavity inside the valve body 3 together form the gas pre-tightening chamber 14.

[0031] In actual operation, when the threaded plug 7 is tightened, the gas pressure in the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 presses tightly against the sealing gasket 6, making it adhere closely to the threaded connector 5, thus forming a leak-free sealed chamber. This design utilizes the gas pressure inside the chamber to assist in sealing, enhancing the reliability of the seal. When inflation is required, the threaded plug 7 is loosened, and the external gas source is connected to the gas passage on the threaded connector 5 through a transition joint or direct connection. Under the pressure of the external gas source, the external gas source will push open the sealing gasket 6, creating a passage between the external gas source and the gas pre-tightening chamber 14, allowing gas to enter the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 until the set gas pressure is reached.

[0032] The valve core 10 has a stepped conical cylindrical structure. Gas pressure pushes the sliding sleeve 8, so that the pressure acts on the large-diameter end face of the valve core 10. Its small-diameter end is slidably engaged with the guide rod 4, and four radially penetrating pressure relief channels are provided on the cylindrical surface of the valve core 10; In a sealed state, the conical sealing surface or end face of the valve core 10 is tightly fitted with the sealing surface of the valve seat 11 under the action of gas pre-tightening force. In the depressurized state, the valve core 10 moves axially, and the depressurization flow channel on it forms an annular depressurization channel with the inner hole of the valve seat 11.

[0033] The sliding sleeve 8 is sleeved on the guide rod 4, and the sliding sleeve 8 moves along the axial direction of the guide rod 4; The inner wall diameter of one end of the sliding sleeve 8 is larger than the end face diameter of the valve core 10, forming a liquid flow channel that can partially or completely cover or expose the pressure relief flow channel as it moves axially. The sliding sleeve 8, near the end face of the pressure relief channel of the valve core 10, bears the system medium pressure from the inlet connector 13. This allows the sliding sleeve 8 to generate axial displacement under the drive of the medium pressure when the system pressure changes, thereby dynamically changing the effective flow area of ​​the pressure relief channel and realizing adaptive adjustment of the flow rate during the pressure relief process.

[0034] The guide rod 4 is a cylindrical rod that can move with the valve core 10 and the sliding sleeve 8; The guide rod 4 has four radially penetrating pressure relief channels at its corresponding ends, which together with the pressure relief channels of the valve core 10 form a liquid flow channel. The medium flowing in from the inlet connector 13 enters the inner hole channel of the guide rod 4 through this channel and flows out from the regulating connector 1. The valve core 10 has a guide hole at its corresponding end that matches the outer diameter of the guide rod 4. The guide rod 4 passes through the guide hole and forms a sliding pair with the valve core 10, thus introducing the guide rod 4 as a precise guiding mechanism for the valve core 10 and the sliding sleeve 8. The guide rod 4 and the valve core 10 form a sliding pair through the matching guide hole, ensuring that the valve core 10 can always move linearly along the axis of the guide rod 4 under the combined action of gas preload and system medium pressure.

[0035] The sliding pair ensures that the valve core 10 always moves precisely in a straight line along the axis of the guide rod 4 under the action of gas preload and system medium pressure, preventing the valve core 10 from radially deviating, tilting or jamming during operation.

[0036] When the safety valve is closed, the pre-tightening gas in the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 applies a continuous downward pressure to the valve core 10 through the sliding sleeve 8. Under this force, the conical sealing surface of the valve core 10 or a specific end face thereof comes into close contact with and fits against the sealing surface of the valve seat 11, forming a reliable sealing pair that effectively prevents leakage of the system medium. The conical sealing surface typically provides better self-centering capability and a more stable sealing effect.

[0037] When the system medium pressure rises and exceeds the set opening pressure, the upward force exerted by the system medium on the valve core 10 overcomes the gas preload, causing the valve core 10 to move axially upward. As the valve core 10 moves, the radial pressure relief channel on its cylindrical surface is gradually exposed and communicates with the inner hole of the valve seat 11. This communication forms a pressure relief channel between the valve core 10 and the valve seat 11, allowing the system medium to be quickly discharged from the inlet connector 13 through this channel, thereby achieving the pressure relief function. The annular channel design helps to provide a larger flow area, reduce local flow resistance, and ensure efficient pressure relief.

[0038] The safety valve also includes an adjusting connector 1 for adjusting the pressure of the gas pre-tightening chamber 14, and the adjusting connector 1 is also used to limit the position of the positioning member 2, the positioning member 1 being screwed onto the adjusting connector 1; Rotating the adjusting connector 1 to change its depth into the valve body 3 can indirectly change the initial volume of the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 or the range of the opening size between the valve core 10 and the valve seat 11, thereby fine-tuning the opening pressure of the safety valve or compensating and calibrating the system performance under different gas pressure settings.

[0039] Adjusting connector 1 is an operable mechanical component, typically threaded, whose main function is to provide an externally controllable adjustment mechanism. It can be mechanically connected to valve body 3 or other internal components, and its relative position or insertion depth within valve body 3 can be changed through rotation or other operations. Positioning element 2 is an auxiliary component inside the safety valve, its position restricted by adjusting connector 1. This restriction is usually achieved through mechanical engagement, such as positioning element 2 being screwed onto adjusting connector 1.

[0040] Rotating the adjusting connector 1 refers to moving it along its axial direction by rotating it, thereby changing the distance it extends into the valve body 3. This change in depth is the key mechanism for fine-tuning, directly or indirectly affecting the effective volume of the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 or the initial gap between the valve core 10 and the valve seat 11. The initial volume of the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 refers to the volume of gas that the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 can hold when the safety valve is not open. By rotating the adjusting connector 1, the change in its insertion depth may cause displacement of the boundary of the gas pre-tightening chamber 14, thereby changing its internal usable space. This slight change in volume affects the compression state of the gas in the gas pre-tightening chamber 14, thus having a subtle impact on the gas pre-tightening force. The range of the opening size between the valve core 10 and the valve seat 11 refers to the maximum distance that the valve core 10 can be lifted from the valve seat 11 during the opening process of the safety valve. The adjusting joint 1 may indirectly affect the initial position or maximum stroke of the valve core 10 by limiting the position of the positioning element 2, thereby changing the effective opening range of the pressure relief channel formed between the valve core 10 and the valve seat 11.

[0041] The external air source is connected to the air passage on the threaded connector 5 via a transition joint or direct connection.

[0042] At least one sealing ring 12 is provided between the adjusting joint 1 and the guide rod 4, between the guide rod 4 and the valve body 3, between the sliding sleeve 8 and the guide rod 4, between the transition connector 9 and the sliding sleeve 8, between the transition connector 9 and the valve body 3, between the valve seat 11 and the inlet joint 13, between the threaded connector 5 and the sealing gasket 6, between the threaded connector 5 and the valve body 3, and between the threaded connector 5 and the threaded plug 7, forming a complete sealing system.

[0043] A sealing ring 12 is an elastic or plastic element used to prevent fluid (including gas and liquid) from leaking from a connection interface. It forms a barrier to impede fluid passage by filling a tiny gap between two mating surfaces through the application of radial or axial compressive force. In specific implementations, the sealing ring 12 can be made of various materials and structural forms, such as O-rings, rectangular rings, V-rings, and U-rings, to adapt to different working environments and media characteristics.

[0044] This application also provides a method for pressure regulation and pressure relief of a safety valve based on gas early warning, including the following steps: S1: Sealing and pressure maintenance, gas at a preset pressure is introduced into the gas pre-tightening chamber 14, and the gas pressure acts on the valve core 10 to press tightly against the valve seat 11, and the safety valve is closed; S2: Pressure relief trigger. When the system medium pressure rises and exceeds the opening pressure threshold determined by the gas preload pressure and the effective area of ​​the sliding sleeve 8, the valve core 10 moves upward against the gas preload force, and the safety valve opens. S3: Dynamic flow regulation. During the depressurization process, the sliding sleeve 8 moves axially under the drive of system pressure to automatically adjust the opening of the depressurization channel to match the current depressurization requirements. S4: Pressure recovery. When the system pressure drops below the opening pressure threshold, the gas preload pushes the valve core 10 to reset and re-fit with the valve seat 11, the safety valve closes, and the system restores its seal.

[0045] In step S1, an external air source can be connected via the external air source interface 5 to fill the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 with gas at a preset pressure. If necessary, the threaded plug 7 can be loosened, allowing the external air source to push open the sealing gasket 6, and gas can enter the gas pre-tightening chamber 14. Once the preset pressure is reached, the threaded plug 7 is tightened, causing the sealing gasket 6 to be compressed by the gas pressure within the gas pre-tightening chamber 14, thus forming a leak-free sealed chamber against the threaded connector 5.

[0046] In step S2, when the system medium pressure at the inlet connector 13 increases, it acts on the effective pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core 10, generating an upward thrust. This opening pressure threshold is preset and determined by the product of the gas pressure in the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 and the effective area of ​​the sliding sleeve 8 bearing this gas pressure. When the upward thrust generated by the system medium exceeds the gas pre-tightening force, the valve core 10 will overcome the gas pre-tightening force and move upward along the guide rod 4 axially, causing its conical sealing surface or end face to separate from the sealing surface of the valve seat 11, thereby opening the safety valve and allowing the system medium to begin to release.

[0047] In step S3, during the pressure relief process, the system medium pressure continuously acts on the end face of the sliding sleeve 8 near the pressure relief flow channel of the valve core 10. Depending on the change in system pressure, the sliding sleeve 8 will move axially along the guide rod 4 driven by this medium pressure. The axial displacement of the sliding sleeve 8 will partially or completely cover or expose the pressure relief flow channel on the valve core 10, thereby dynamically changing the effective flow area of ​​the pressure relief flow channel.

[0048] In step S4, as the medium is released, the system medium pressure gradually decreases. When the system medium pressure drops below the opening pressure threshold, the pre-tightening force generated by the gas pressure in the gas pre-tightening chamber 14 will again exceed the thrust of the system medium on the valve core 10. At this time, the gas pre-tightening force will push the valve core 10 axially downward along the guide rod 4, causing its conical sealing surface or end face to re-fit tightly with the sealing surface of the valve seat 11. The re-fitting of the valve core 10 and the valve seat 11 causes the safety valve to close, stopping the medium release, and the system returns to a sealed and pressure-holding state, ensuring the normal operation of the system.

[0049] The above description is merely a few embodiments of this application and is not intended to limit this application in any way. Although this application discloses preferred embodiments as described above, it is not intended to limit this application. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application using the disclosed technical content are equivalent to equivalent implementation cases and fall within the scope of the technical solution.

Claims

1. A gas-preload-based safety valve, comprising a valve body (3), a valve core (10) disposed in an internal cavity of the valve body (3), a valve seat (11) cooperating with the valve core (10) to form a sealing pair, a guide rod (4) for guiding the axial movement of the valve core (10), and an inlet connector (13) for introducing a medium, characterized in that: The safety valve also includes a gas pre-tightening chamber (14) located inside the valve body (3) and independent of the system medium flow channel. The gas pre-tightening chamber (14) is filled with pre-tightening gas at a set pressure through an external gas source interface (5). The gas pressure pushes the sliding sleeve (8) to apply a continuous external gas source to one end face of the valve core (10) and form a gas pre-tightening force. The direction of the gas pre-tightening force is to press the valve core (10) against the valve seat (11). The inlet connector (13) is installed at one end of the valve body (3) and abuts against the valve seat (11); The opening pressure of the safety valve is determined by the product of the gas pressure in the gas pre-tightening chamber (14) and the effective working area of ​​the sliding sleeve (8) that bears the gas pressure; By adjusting the gas pressure in the gas pre-tightening chamber (14), the opening pressure of the safety valve can be continuously adjusted.

2. A safety valve based on gas pre-tightening according to claim 1, characterized in that... The gas pre-tightening chamber (14) is a cavity inside the valve body (3). A pre-tightening hole (15) is opened on the valve body (3). The pre-tightening hole (15) is used to connect a threaded connector (5). A threaded hole (16) is opened on the threaded connector (5). The threaded hole (16) is used to connect an external gas source. The pre-tightening hole (15) is opened on one end face of the valve body (3), and at least one air passage hole (17) connecting the gas pre-tightening chamber (14) is opened on the end face of the pre-tightening hole (15). The threaded hole (16) is located in the pre-tightening hole (14). 15) At the end away from the gas passage (17), a sealing gasket (6) is provided on the pre-tightening hole (15). The sealing gasket (6) is used to prevent gas leakage from the gas pre-tightening chamber (14). The upper part of the sealing gasket (6) is also provided with the threaded connector (5). The threaded connector (5) is connected to the threaded hole (16) of the valve body (3). The threaded connector (5) is also provided with a threaded plug (7). The sealing gasket (6), the threaded connector (5) and the cavity inside the valve body (3) form the gas pre-tightening chamber (14). When the threaded plug (7) is tightened, the gas pressure in the gas pre-tightening chamber (14) presses the sealing gasket (6) tightly, so that it is in close contact with the threaded connector (5) to form a leak-free sealing chamber. When the threaded plug (7) is loosened, the external air source is connected to the threaded connector (5) through a transition joint. Under pressure, the external air source pushes open the sealing gasket (6), so that the external air source and the gas pre-tightening chamber (14) form a passage and enter the gas pre-tightening chamber (14) to reach the set gas pressure.

3. A safety valve based on gas pre-tightening according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve core (10) is a stepped conical cylindrical structure. Gas pressure pushes the sliding sleeve (8) so that the pressure acts on the large diameter end face of the valve core (10). Its small-diameter end is slidably fitted with the guide rod (4), and four radially penetrating pressure relief channels are provided on the cylindrical surface of the valve core (10); In a sealed state, the conical sealing surface or end face of the valve core (10) is tightly fitted with the sealing surface of the valve seat (11) under the action of gas pre-tightening force; In the depressurized state, the valve core (10) moves axially, and the depressurization channel on it forms an annular depressurization channel with the inner hole of the valve seat (11).

4. A safety valve based on gas pre-tightening according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sliding sleeve (8) is sleeved on the guide rod (4), and the sliding sleeve (8) moves along the axial direction of the guide rod (4); The inner wall diameter of one end of the sliding sleeve (8) is larger than the end face diameter of the valve core (10), forming a liquid flow channel that can partially or completely cover or expose the pressure relief flow channel as it moves axially. The sliding sleeve (8) near the end face of the pressure relief channel of the valve core (10) bears the system medium pressure from the inlet connector (13), so that when the system pressure changes, the sliding sleeve (8) can generate axial displacement under the drive of the medium pressure, thereby dynamically changing the effective flow area of ​​the pressure relief channel and realizing adaptive adjustment of the flow rate during the pressure relief process.

5. A safety valve based on gas preload according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide rod (4) is a cylindrical rod that can move with the valve core (10) and the sliding sleeve (8); The guide rod (4) has four radially penetrating pressure relief channels at the corresponding ends, which together with the pressure relief channel of the valve core (10) form a liquid channel. The medium flowing in from the inlet connector (13) enters the inner hole channel of the guide rod (4) through the channel and flows out from the regulating connector (1). The valve core (10) has a guide hole at the corresponding end that matches the outer diameter of the guide rod (4). The guide rod (4) passes through the guide hole and forms a sliding pair with the valve core (10). The sliding pair ensures that the valve core (10) always moves precisely in a straight line along the axis of the guide rod (4) under the action of gas preload and system medium pressure, preventing the valve core (10) from radially deviating, tilting or jamming during operation.

6. A safety valve based on gas preload according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety valve also includes an adjustment joint (1) for adjusting the pressure of the gas pre-tightening chamber (14), and the adjustment joint (1) is also used to limit the position of the positioning member (2), which is screwed onto the adjustment joint (1); Rotating the adjusting connector (1) to change its depth into the valve body (3) can indirectly change the initial volume of the gas pre-tightening chamber (14) or the range of the opening size between the valve core (10) and the valve seat (11), thereby fine-tuning the opening pressure of the safety valve or compensating and calibrating the system performance under different gas pressure settings.

7. A safety valve based on gas preload according to claim 2, characterized in that, The external air source is connected to the air passage on the threaded connector (5) via a transition joint or direct connection.

8. A safety valve based on gas preload according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one sealing ring (12) is provided between the adjusting joint (1) and the guide rod (4), between the guide rod (4) and the valve body (3), between the sliding sleeve (8) and the guide rod (4), between the transition connector (9) and the sliding sleeve (8), between the transition connector (9) and the valve body (3), between the valve seat (11) and the inlet joint (13), between the threaded connector (5) and the sealing gasket (6), between the threaded connector (5) and the valve body (3), and between the threaded connector (5) and the threaded plug (7), forming a complete sealing system.

9. A method for pressure regulation and depressurization of a safety valve based on gas early warning, as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Sealing and pressure preservation, gas at a preset pressure is introduced into the gas pre-tightening chamber (14), and the gas pressure acts on the valve core (10) to press it tightly against the valve seat (11), and the safety valve is closed; S2: Decompression trigger. When the system medium pressure rises and exceeds the opening pressure threshold determined by the gas preload pressure and the effective area of ​​the sliding sleeve (8), the valve core (10) moves upward against the gas preload force, and the safety valve opens. S3: Dynamic flow regulation. During the depressurization process, the sliding sleeve (8) moves axially under the system pressure drive to automatically adjust the opening of the depressurization channel to match the current depressurization requirements. S4: Pressure recovery. When the system pressure drops below the opening pressure threshold, the gas preload pushes the valve core (10) to reset and re-fit with the valve seat (11), the safety valve closes, and the system is restored to a sealed state.

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