Shock-resistant encoder

Abstract

A shock-resistant encoder relates to the technical field of encoders and comprises an encoder shell, an encoder body, a rotating shaft, a shock absorber, a shock absorption spline and an elastic coupling, and the shock absorber is connected with the encoder shell and the encoder body and can isolate vibration transmitted along the encoder shell; the shock absorption spline and the elastic coupling are arranged on the rotating shaft, so that vibration transmitted along the rotating shaft of the encoder can be isolated, vibration generated by other mechanical parts during operation can be isolated from being transmitted into the encoder, the measurement accuracy of the encoder is ensured, and the service life of the encoder is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of encoder technology, and more specifically to a shock-resistant encoder. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial automation and precision control systems, encoders serve as crucial detection elements (sensors), acting as speed sensors to detect the speed of equipment. Their measurement accuracy determines the operational accuracy of the equipment. However, in actual production environments, the coordinated operation between mechanical components generates continuous vibrations. These vibrations are transmitted to the encoder's shaft or circuit components, causing internal photoelectric or magnetic distortions that can lead to missed or extra codes, increasing measurement errors. Furthermore, continuous vibrations can loosen internal encoder components and even damage the encoder. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a vibration-resistant encoder that can isolate the vibration generated by other mechanical parts during operation from entering the encoder, effectively preventing photoelectric distortion or magnetic distortion of the encoder, ensuring the accuracy of encoder measurement, and extending the service life of the encoder.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

[0005] 1. Vibration-resistant encoder, including encoder body, shaft and encoder housing. The shaft passes through the encoder housing and is used to connect the device under test and the encoder body. It is also equipped with a shock absorber that connects the encoder body and the encoder housing to absorb the vibration transmitted to the encoder body along the encoder housing.

[0006] The rotating shaft is divided into a response section connected to the encoder body and a measurement section connected to the device under test. A shock-absorbing spline and a flexible coupling are provided between the response section and the measurement section. The shock-absorbing spline allows the response section and the measurement section to slide relative to each other. The flexible coupling is located at the end of the groove of the shock-absorbing spline to absorb the vibration transmitted to the encoder body along the rotating shaft.

[0007] By incorporating shock absorbers, vibration-absorbing splines, and flexible couplings, vibrations transmitted to the encoder body along the encoder housing and shaft are absorbed, achieving all-around shock absorption. This isolates vibrations generated by other mechanical components during operation from being transmitted to the encoder body, effectively preventing photoelectric or magnetic distortion of the encoder body, ensuring the accuracy of encoder measurements, and extending the encoder's service life.

[0008] 2. Based on technical solution 1, the shock absorber includes a shock-absorbing spring and a damper. The shock-absorbing spring connects the encoder body and the encoder housing to absorb vibrations transmitted along the encoder housing.

[0009] The damper includes a damping cylinder, a shock-absorbing piston, a shock-absorbing rod, and a guide tube. The shock-absorbing rod connects the encoder body and the shock-absorbing piston. The shock-absorbing piston is located inside the damping cylinder and divides the damping cylinder into two chambers. The guide tube connects the two chambers of the damping cylinder. When the encoder vibrates, the shock-absorbing rod drives the shock-absorbing piston to slide inside the damping cylinder. The oil in the damping cylinder flows between the two chambers through the guide tube.

[0010] The encoder is also provided with a damping adjustment mechanism, including an adjustment drive component and an adjustment valve. The adjustment valve is connected to the adjustment drive component and the guide pipe and is used to control the flow rate of the guide pipe.

[0011] When the rotational speed of the shaft increases, the regulating drive assembly drives the regulating valve to reduce the flow rate in the guide pipe, thereby enhancing the stiffness of the damper.

[0012] The vibrations generated during the operation of the tested equipment vary in type at different speed stages. At low speeds, the vibrations are primarily low-frequency, high-amplitude vibrations, while at high speeds, they are primarily high-frequency, low-amplitude vibrations. By adding a damping adjustment mechanism to regulate the damper's stiffness, the damper's stiffness is adjusted when the tested equipment's speed is low, which is beneficial for absorbing low-frequency, high-amplitude vibrations; conversely, the higher the tested equipment's speed, the higher the damper's stiffness, which is beneficial for absorbing high-frequency, low-amplitude vibrations. This allows for maintaining good vibration reduction performance under various conditions.

[0013] 3. Based on technical solution 2, the adjustment drive assembly includes an actuating cylinder, a rotary joint, and a follower cylinder.

[0014] The actuating cylinder rotates with the rotating shaft. It is equipped with an actuating piston and an actuating return spring. The actuating return spring is connected to the actuating piston, so that the actuating piston is located at one end close to the rotating shaft. The actuating cylinder has an opening at the end away from the rotating shaft.

[0015] The rotary joint is fixed inside the encoder and is slidably and sealed to the actuating cylinder. It is equipped with a ventilation pipe connecting the actuating cylinder and the follower cylinder.

[0016] The follower cylinder is fixedly connected to the damper, and it is equipped with a follower piston. The follower piston is connected to the regulating valve, and the regulating valve is equipped with multiple guide holes.

[0017] When the shaft rotates, the actuating piston slides away from the shaft due to centrifugal force. The actuating piston drives the follower piston to move through pneumatic transmission. The follower piston then drives the regulating valve to move, thereby reducing the number of guide holes in the guide tube and thus reducing the flow rate of the guide tube.

[0018] By utilizing centrifugal force, the rotational speed of the shaft is converted into the sliding distance of the actuating piston within the actuating cylinder. A rotary joint and a sliding seal between the actuating cylinder and the stationary follower cylinder create a sealed area. During centrifugal motion, the actuating piston changes the air pressure within this sealed area, which in turn drives the follower piston to move the regulating valve through negative pressure. Therefore, the movement of the regulating valve can be controlled according to changes in rotational speed, thereby altering the number of guide holes in the guide tube and controlling the flow rate within the guide tube. This allows for precise adjustment of the damper's stiffness. The faster the shaft rotates, the longer the sliding distance of the actuating piston, the greater the reduction in the number of guide holes in the guide tube, the lower the flow rate in the guide tube, and the greater the damper's stiffness.

[0019] 4. Based on technical solution 3, the damping adjustment mechanism is also equipped with a locking component, which engages with the regulating valve and is connected to the regulating drive component;

[0020] When the shaft speed changes, the adjustment drive component causes the locking component to disengage from the regulating valve, so that the follower piston can drive the regulating valve to move.

[0021] Because the vibration is continuous, the regulating valve continues to reciprocate at a specific frequency even at a constant rotational speed. If the damper vibrates in one direction, the shock-absorbing piston pushes the oil to flow forward along the guide tube, causing the regulating valve to vibrate and move out of the guide tube, thus reducing the damping. Conversely, if the damper vibrates in the opposite direction, the shock-absorbing piston pushes the oil to flow backward along the guide tube, causing the regulating valve to vibrate and move into the guide tube, thus increasing the damping. This results in the piston inside the damper moving a greater distance in one direction under these conditions. Eventually, the piston stops at one end of the damping control cylinder and cannot move back, leading to abnormal shock absorption regulation. By setting a locking component, the regulating valve is locked when the shaft speed is stable and unlocked when the shaft speed changes. This effectively maintains the flow balance of the oil in both directions under mechanical vibration at a constant speed, thus maintaining the stability of the shock absorption.

[0022] 5. Based on technical solution 4, the locking assembly includes a locking piston, an active toothed block, a locking drive cylinder, and a locking return spring. The locking drive cylinder is connected to the rotary joint. The locking piston is located inside the locking drive cylinder and can slide. The locking piston is connected to the active toothed block. The regulating valve is equipped with a locking rack. The locking return spring is connected to the locking piston so that the active rack block meshes with the locking rack.

[0023] When the rotational speed of the shaft changes, the actuating piston moves, causing the locking piston to move against the elastic force of the locking and reset spring. The driving tooth block moves and disengages from the locking rack, so that the follower piston can drive the regulating valve to move.

[0024] When the shaft speed first changes, the follower piston cannot move the locked regulating valve. However, due to the change in air pressure in the ventilation pipe, the locking piston moves under the pressure and causes the driving rack to disengage from the locking rack, allowing the follower piston to move the regulating valve. When the shaft speed returns to a constant value, the driving rack re-engages with the locking rack, effectively preventing vibration from affecting the damping adjustment. This method relies solely on the internal pneumatic dynamics of the system to achieve reliable coordination between the locking component and the regulating drive component, effectively controlling the adjustment node, avoiding misoperation caused by component impact during vibration, and requiring no additional power support.

[0025] 6. Based on technical solution 3, the opening of the actuating cylinder narrows from the inner and outer sides towards the middle, and an elastic valve is also provided at the narrowing point of the opening. The elastic valve can be driven by the air pressure difference inside and outside the opening to move inward or outward to reduce the air flow of the opening.

[0026] When the speed changes drastically, the actuating piston moves rapidly and impacts the end of the actuating cylinder before rebounding. The driving tooth block and locking rack also reciprocate between disengaging and re-engaging. In this state, the damping adjustment of the severe damper is affected. By setting an elastic valve, the diameter of the actuating cylinder's distal opening is reduced under conditions of changing air pressure in the distal chamber. The greater the change in shaft speed, the smaller the flow rate at the distal opening of the actuating cylinder. This causes the actuating piston to be constrained by the air pressure at the distal end of the actuating cylinder, reducing its own moving speed. This effectively maintains the smooth movement of the regulating valve and locking piston, ensuring the working stability of the damper and the regulating drive assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vibration-resistant encoder of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the encoder (with the encoder housing removed);

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the encoder shaft and actuator cylinder;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the encoder (with the encoder housing removed);

[0031] Figure 5 An exploded schematic diagram of the adjustment drive components (excluding the follower cylinder);

[0032] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the damper, follower cylinder, and locking assembly;

[0033] Figure 7 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the damper, follower cylinder, and locking assembly.

[0034] Figure 8 A partial section view of the locked component;

[0035] Figure 9 for Figure 4 An enlarged view of point A;

[0036] Figure 10 for Figure 4 An enlarged view of point B;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic valve in the tightened state.

[0038] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0039] Encoder housing 1;

[0040] Encoder body 2;

[0041] Rotating shaft 3, response section 31, measuring section 32, shock-absorbing spline 33, flexible coupling 34;

[0042] Shock absorber 4, shock-absorbing spring 41, damper 42, damping cylinder 421, shock-absorbing piston 422, shock-absorbing rod 423, guide pipe 424;

[0043] Actuating cylinder 511, actuating piston 5111, actuating return spring 5112, elastic valve 5113, fixed part 5121, rotating part 5122, follower cylinder 513, follower piston 5131, rotating bracket 514, regulating valve 52, guide hole 521, locking rack 522, locking assembly 53, locking drive cylinder 531, active gear block 532, locking piston 533, locking return spring 534. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0045] See 1 and Figure 2 The vibration-resistant encoder of this embodiment includes an encoder housing 1, an encoder body 2, and a rotating shaft 3. The encoder housing 1 encloses the encoder body 2, and the rotating shaft 3 passes through the encoder housing 1 to connect the encoder body 2 and the device under test, thereby enabling measurement of the device under test. For ease of demonstration of the improvements, irrelevant components are simplified in the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Combination Figure 2 A shock absorber 4 is provided between the encoder body 2 and the encoder housing 1. Multiple shock absorbers 4 can be provided, distributed around the encoder body 2 and at its ends, to absorb vibrations transmitted to the encoder body 2 along the encoder housing 1. Figures 2-3The encoder shaft 3 is divided into a response section 31 and a measurement section 32. The response section 31 is connected to the encoder body 2, and the measurement section 32 is connected to the device under test. A shock-absorbing spline 33 and a flexible coupling 34 are provided between the response section 31 and the measurement section 32. The shock-absorbing spline 33 allows relative sliding between the response section 31 and the measurement section 32. The flexible coupling 34 is located at the end of the groove of the shock-absorbing spline 33 to prevent collisions during relative sliding. The shock-absorbing spline 33 and the flexible coupling 34 convert the axial impact of the shaft 3 into sliding absorption, and isolate the rigid transmission of vibration from the external device under test.

[0047] By setting up a shock absorber 4, a shock-absorbing spline 33, and a flexible coupling 34, the vibration transmitted to the encoder body 2 along the encoder housing 1 and the rotating shaft 3 is absorbed, achieving all-round shock absorption. This isolates the vibration generated by other mechanical parts during operation from being transmitted to the encoder body 2, effectively preventing photoelectric distortion or magnetic distortion of the encoder body 2, ensuring the accuracy of encoder measurement, and extending the service life of the encoder.

[0048] Specifically, in combination Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 9 The shock absorber 4 includes a shock-absorbing spring 41 and a damper 42. The shock-absorbing spring 41 connects the encoder body 2 and the encoder housing 1. See also Figure 9 The damper 42 includes a damping cylinder 421, a shock-absorbing piston 422, a shock-absorbing rod 423, and a guide pipe 424. The damping cylinder 421 is connected to the encoder housing 1. The shock-absorbing piston 422 is located inside the damping cylinder 421 and divides the damping cylinder 421 into two chambers. The guide pipe 424 connects the two chambers of the damping cylinder 421. The shock-absorbing rod 423 connects the encoder body 2 and the shock-absorbing piston 422. When vibration is transmitted from the encoder housing 1 to the encoder body 2, the shock-absorbing spring 41 continuously extends and retracts. The shock-absorbing rod 423 drives the shock-absorbing piston 422 to slide inside the damping cylinder 421. The oil in the damping cylinder 421 flows between the two chambers through the guide pipe 424, thereby absorbing the vibration.

[0049] The vibrations generated during the operation of the tested equipment vary in type at different speed stages. At low speeds, the vibrations are mainly low-frequency, high-amplitude vibrations, while at high speeds, they are mainly high-frequency, small-amplitude vibrations. Adjustable dampers are needed to absorb these different vibrations, thereby achieving better vibration reduction. (See also...) Figures 2-4 The encoder in this embodiment is also equipped with a damping adjustment mechanism. Combined with... Figure 4 and Figure 9 The damping adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment drive assembly and an adjustment valve 52. The adjustment valve 52 is connected to the adjustment drive assembly and the guide pipe 424, and is used to control the flow rate of the guide pipe 424, thereby adjusting the stiffness of the damper 42. Figures 2-5The adjustment drive assembly includes an actuating cylinder 511, a rotary joint 512, and a follower cylinder 513. See also... Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The actuating cylinder 511 rotates with the rotating shaft 3. It is equipped with an actuating piston 5111 and an actuating return spring 5112. The actuating return spring 5112 is connected to the actuating piston 5111, providing an inward (i.e., towards the rotating shaft 3) return force to the actuating piston 5111. When the actuating cylinder 511 is stationary, the actuating piston 5111 is located at the end closest to the rotating shaft 3. The end of the actuating cylinder 511 away from the rotating shaft 3 has an opening. Further, a rotating bracket 514 is fitted onto the rotating shaft 3. Multiple actuating cylinders 511 can be provided and fixed to the rotating bracket 514, and distributed circumferentially around the rotating shaft 3, forming a wheel-like structure. See also... Figure 5 The rotary joint 512 is divided into a fixed part 5121 and a rotating part 5122. The fixed part 5121 is fixed to the encoder body 2, and the rotating part 5122 is fixed to the rotating bracket 514. The fixed part 5121 and the rotating part 5122 are slidably and sealingly connected. It contains an air pipe (not shown in the figure) connecting the actuating cylinder 511 and the follower cylinder 513. See also... Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 The follower cylinder 513 is fixedly connected to the damper 42 and has a follower piston 5131. The follower piston 5131 divides the follower cylinder 513 into two chambers. The air passage is located in one chamber, and the other chamber has an opening connecting to the outside. The follower piston 5131 is connected to the regulating valve 52, which has multiple guide holes 521. When the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 3 increases, the actuating piston 5111 slides away from the rotating shaft 3 due to centrifugal force. The actuating piston 5111 drives the follower piston 5131 to move via pneumatic transmission. Figure 9 (Moving in the direction indicated by arrow a), the follower piston 5131 thereby drives the regulating valve 52 to move, and part of the guide holes 521 move out of the guide tube 424, thereby reducing the number of guide holes 521 in the guide tube 424, and thus reducing the flow rate in the guide tube 424. The stiffness of the damper 42 increases, which is beneficial for absorbing high-frequency small-amplitude vibrations. When the rotational speed of the shaft 3 decreases, the actuating piston 5111 moves closer to the shaft 3 under the action of the actuation return spring 5112, and the gas rotation causes the follower piston 5131 to drive the regulating valve 52 to move ( Figure 9 (Moves in the opposite direction as indicated by arrow a) The guide hole 521 outside the guide tube 424 moves into the guide tube 424, thereby increasing the number of guide holes 521 inside the guide tube 424, and thus increasing the flow rate of the guide tube 424. The stiffness of the damper 42 is reduced, which is beneficial for absorbing low-frequency large-amplitude vibrations.

[0050] By utilizing centrifugal force, the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 3 is converted into the sliding distance of the actuating piston 5111 within the actuating cylinder 511. Through the sliding seal between the rotary joint 512 and the actuating cylinder 511, a sealed area is formed between the rotating actuating cylinder 511 and the fixed follower cylinder 513. During the centrifugal motion, the actuating piston 5111 changes the air pressure within the sealed area, thereby driving the follower piston 5131 to move the regulating valve 52 through negative pressure. This enables the regulating valve 52 to control the flow rate of the guide pipe 424, thus precisely adjusting the stiffness of the damper 42. As a result, the damper 42 can adapt to different vibration environments and maintain good damping performance under various conditions.

[0051] Because the vibration is continuous, the regulating valve 52 itself continues to reciprocate at a specific frequency even when the tested equipment (or rotating shaft 3) is at a constant rotational speed, causing the damper 42 to vibrate accordingly. See also Figure 9 If the damper 42 vibrates in the direction shown by arrow a, the shock-absorbing piston 422 pushes the oil along the guide pipe 424 in the direction shown by arrow b. The regulating valve 52 vibrates and moves out of the guide pipe 424, reducing the damping. Conversely, if the damper 42 vibrates in the opposite direction of arrow a, the shock-absorbing piston 422 pushes the oil along the guide pipe 424 in the opposite direction of arrow b. The regulating valve 52 vibrates and moves into the guide pipe 424, increasing the damping. This causes the piston inside the damper 42 to move a greater distance in one direction under these conditions. Ultimately, the piston inside the damper 42 stops at one end of the damping control cylinder and cannot move back, resulting in abnormal shock absorption adjustment. (See also...) Figures 6-8The damping adjustment mechanism is also equipped with a locking assembly 53, which includes a locking drive cylinder 531, an active gear block 532, a locking piston 533, and a locking return spring 534. The locking piston 533 is located inside the locking drive cylinder 531 and is slidable, dividing the locking drive cylinder 531 into two chambers. One chamber is connected to the air pipe in the rotary joint 512, and the other chamber has an opening that connects to the outside. The locking piston 533 is connected to the active gear block 532, which extends through the opening to the outside of the locking drive cylinder 531. The diameter of the opening is larger than that of the active gear block 532, so that there is a certain gap between it and the locking drive cylinder 531. The regulating valve 52 is equipped with a locking rack 522, and the locking return spring 534 is connected to the locking piston 533 to maintain the engagement between the active rack block and the locking rack 522. When the rotational speed of shaft 3 changes, the actuating piston 5111 moves, but the regulating valve 52 is locked, i.e., the follower piston 5131 is locked. The actuating piston 5111 cannot drive the follower piston 5131 to move. Under the push of air pressure, the locking piston 533 moves against the elastic force of the locking return spring 534, and the driving tooth block 532 moves and disengages from the locking rack 522. Subsequently, the follower piston 5131 can drive the regulating valve 52 to move. When the rotational speed of shaft 3 returns to constant, the air pressure in the locking drive cylinder 531 returns to a balanced state, and the air pressure on both sides of the locking piston 533 is equal. The locking return spring 534 pushes the locking piston 533 to reset, and the driving tooth block 532 re-engages with the locking rack 522, re-locking the regulating valve 52. Connecting the locking drive cylinder 531 to the rotary joint 512 enables communication between the locking drive cylinder 531, the actuating cylinder 511, and the follower cylinder 513. Utilizing internal pneumatic dynamics, reliable cooperation between the locking component 53 and the regulating drive component is achieved. When the rotational speed of the shaft 3 is constant, the regulating valve 52 is locked, and when the rotational speed of the shaft 3 changes, the lock is released. This effectively maintains the flow balance of the oil in both directions under mechanical vibration, thus maintaining the stability of shock absorption.

[0052] When the speed changes drastically, the actuating piston 5111 will move rapidly and impact the end of the actuating cylinder 511 before rebounding. The driving gear block 532 and the locking rack 522 will also reciprocate between disengaging and re-engaging. In this state, the damping adjustment of the severe damper 42 will be affected. See also Figure 4 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 The opening of the actuating cylinder 511 at the end furthest from the rotating shaft 3 narrows from both the inner and outer sides towards the center, forming an hourglass-like structure. A resilient valve 5113 is also provided at the narrowing point of the opening. The resilient valve 5113 can be driven inward or outward by the air pressure difference between the inside and outside of the opening. The movement of the resilient valve 5113 causes it to fold at the narrowing point in the middle, thereby reducing the diameter of the opening and thus reducing the airflow through the opening. (See also...) Figure 11In step a, when the rotational speed of shaft 3 increases, the air pressure in the distal chamber increases instantaneously, pushing the elastic valve 5113 to fold towards the opening; see also Figure 11 In step b, when the rotational speed of the shaft 3 decreases, the air pressure in the distal chamber decreases instantaneously, and the external air pressure of the actuating cylinder 511 pushes the elastic valve 5113 to fold towards the shaft. By setting the elastic valve 5113, the diameter of the distal opening of the actuating cylinder 511 is reduced under the condition of air pressure change in the distal chamber of the actuating cylinder 511. The greater the change in the speed of the shaft 3, the smaller the flow rate at the distal opening of the actuating cylinder 511. This causes the actuating piston 5111 to be constrained by the air pressure at the distal end of the actuating cylinder 511, reducing its own moving speed and avoiding abrupt changes in the moving speed of the actuating piston 5111. This effectively maintains the smooth movement of the regulating valve 52 and the locking piston 533, ensuring the working stability of the damper 42 and the regulating drive assembly.

[0053] The overall working process of the vibration-resistant encoder of this invention is as follows:

[0054] If vibration is transmitted along the direction of the encoder shaft 3, the shock-absorbing spline 33 causes the response section 31 and the measuring section 32 of the shaft 3 to slide relative to each other. The flexible coupling 34 isolates the two from each other during relative sliding, so that the response section 31 will not vibrate with the measuring section 32, while ensuring that the response section 31 rotates synchronously with the measuring section 32, thereby realizing the measurement of the device under test.

[0055] If vibration is transmitted from the encoder housing 1 towards the encoder body 2, the shock-absorbing spring 41 of the shock absorber 4 continuously compresses and relaxes during vibration. The energy of the vibration of the encoder housing 1 is absorbed by the shock-absorbing spring 41, thus keeping the encoder body 2 relatively stationary. At the same time, during vibration, the shock-absorbing rod 423 drives the shock-absorbing piston 422 to slide back and forth in the damping cylinder 421. The shock-absorbing piston 422 pushes the oil in the damping cylinder 421 to flow along the guide pipe 424 between the two chambers of the damping cylinder 421, further absorbing the energy brought by vibration.

[0056] The stiffness of the damper 42 adjusts with the rotational speed of the shaft 3. When the rotational speed of the shaft 3 is constant, the driving tooth block 532 engages with the locking rack 522 on the regulating valve 52, and the regulating valve 52 cannot move. When the rotational speed of the shaft 3 increases, the actuating piston 5111 slides away from the shaft 3, driving the locking piston 533 to move. After the driving tooth block 532 disengages from the locking rack 522 on the regulating valve 52, the follower cylinder 513 drives the regulating valve 52 to move, reducing the number of guide holes 521 in the guide tube 424. As the flow rate within 4 decreases, the stiffness of damper 42 increases, which is beneficial for absorbing high-frequency small-amplitude vibrations. When the rotational speed of shaft 3 decreases, the actuating piston 5111 slides along the direction close to shaft 3, causing the locking piston 533 to move in the opposite direction. After the active tooth block 532 disengages from the locking rack 522 on the regulating valve 52, the follower cylinder 513 drives the regulating valve 52 to move, which increases the number of guide holes 521 in the guide tube 424, increases the flow rate in the guide tube 424, and reduces the stiffness of damper 42, which is beneficial for absorbing low-frequency large-amplitude vibrations.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions created by the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions created by the present invention without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions created by the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration-resistant encoder, comprising an encoder body, a rotating shaft, and an encoder housing, wherein the rotating shaft passes through the encoder housing and is used to connect the device under test and the encoder body, characterized in that: It is also equipped with a shock absorber that connects the encoder body and the encoder housing to absorb vibrations transmitted to the encoder body along the encoder housing; The rotating shaft is divided into a response section connected to the encoder body and a measurement section connected to the device under test. A shock-absorbing spline and a flexible coupling are provided between the response section and the measurement section. The shock-absorbing spline allows the response section and the measurement section to slide relative to each other. The flexible coupling is located at the end of the groove of the shock-absorbing spline to absorb the vibration transmitted to the encoder body along the rotating shaft.

2. The anti-vibration encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock absorber includes a shock-absorbing spring and a damper. The shock-absorbing spring connects the encoder body and the encoder housing to absorb vibrations transmitted along the encoder housing. The damper includes a damping cylinder, a shock-absorbing piston, a shock-absorbing rod, and a guide tube. The shock-absorbing rod connects the encoder body and the shock-absorbing piston. The shock-absorbing piston is located inside the damping cylinder and divides the damping cylinder into two chambers. The guide tube connects the two chambers of the damping cylinder. When the encoder vibrates, the shock-absorbing rod drives the shock-absorbing piston to slide inside the damping cylinder. The oil in the damping cylinder flows between the two chambers through the guide tube. The encoder is also provided with a damping adjustment mechanism, including an adjustment drive component and an adjustment valve. The adjustment valve is connected to the adjustment drive component and the guide pipe and is used to control the flow rate of the guide pipe. When the rotational speed of the shaft increases, the regulating drive assembly drives the regulating valve to reduce the flow rate in the guide pipe, thereby enhancing the stiffness of the damper.

3. The vibration-resistant encoder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment drive assembly includes an actuating cylinder, a rotary joint, and a follower cylinder. The actuating cylinder rotates with the rotating shaft. It is equipped with an actuating piston and an actuating return spring. The actuating return spring is connected to the actuating piston, so that the actuating piston is located at one end close to the rotating shaft. The actuating cylinder has an opening at the end away from the rotating shaft. The rotary joint is fixed inside the encoder and is slidably and sealed to the actuating cylinder. It is equipped with a ventilation pipe connecting the actuating cylinder and the follower cylinder. The follower cylinder is fixedly connected to the damper, and it is equipped with a follower piston. The follower piston is connected to the regulating valve, and the regulating valve is equipped with multiple guide holes. When the shaft rotates, the actuating piston slides away from the shaft due to centrifugal force. The actuating piston drives the follower piston to move through pneumatic transmission. The follower piston then drives the regulating valve to move, thereby reducing the number of guide holes in the guide tube and thus reducing the flow rate of the guide tube.

4. The vibration-resistant encoder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The damping adjustment mechanism is also equipped with a locking component, which engages with the regulating valve and is connected to the regulating drive component; When the shaft speed changes, the adjustment drive component causes the locking component to disengage from the regulating valve, so that the follower piston can drive the regulating valve to move.

5. The vibration-resistant encoder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking assembly includes a locking piston, a drive gear block, a locking drive cylinder, and a locking return spring. The locking drive cylinder is connected to the rotary joint. The locking piston is located inside the locking drive cylinder and can slide. The locking piston is connected to the drive gear block. The regulating valve is equipped with a locking rack. The locking return spring is connected to the locking piston so that the drive rack block meshes with the locking rack. When the rotational speed of the shaft changes, the actuating piston moves, causing the locking piston to move against the elastic force of the locking and reset spring. The driving tooth block moves and disengages from the locking rack, so that the follower piston can drive the regulating valve to move.

6. The vibration-resistant encoder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The opening of the actuating cylinder narrows from the inner and outer sides toward the middle. A flexible valve is also provided at the narrowing part of the opening. The flexible valve can be driven to move inward or outward by the air pressure difference inside and outside the opening to reduce the air flow of the opening.

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