Short circuit detection circuit and energy storage power supply

Abstract

The invention discloses a short circuit detection circuit and an energy storage power supply, and the circuit comprises an electric connection interface which is connected with an energy storage assembly, and a DC adjustment module is used for disconnecting a path of the energy storage assembly when the electric connection interface is in an overcurrent state; the voltage detection module is connected in parallel with the electric connection interface and is used for detecting the interface voltage of the electric connection interface and outputting a voltage detection signal representing the interface voltage; the control module is connected with the voltage detection module, and is used for determining the interface voltage based on the voltage detection signal, and when the interface voltage meets a preset voltage condition, determining that the electrical connection interface has a short circuit condition; wherein the preset voltage condition comprises that the interface voltage is turned over for at least one time. According to the invention, the problem of overheating risk caused by short-circuit protection by using a direct-current adjusting module in the prior art can be solved, and the problem of failure of conventional short-circuit detection caused by too fast autonomous protection of the direct-current adjusting module is ingeniously solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power supply technology, and in particular to a short-circuit detection circuit and an energy storage power supply. Background Technology

[0002] In most current portable power bank products, when a short circuit occurs at the output port, the overcurrent protection is handled automatically by the internal DC-DC regulator module. When a short circuit occurs, the current surges instantaneously, and the DC-DC regulator module automatically disconnects its internal switch for overcurrent protection. This protection action does not require the intervention of the control module. However, after the DC-DC regulator module disconnects its internal switch, the interface current decreases, and the DC-DC regulator module automatically reconnects its internal switch to restore power. But the short circuit persists, and the current surges again, causing the DC-DC regulator module to disconnect its internal switch once more. This cycle repeats, creating the "hiccup" phenomenon. If the user does not unplug the load in time, the output port and the DC-DC regulator module will overheat, potentially burning out the circuit board and damaging components.

[0003] The information disclosed in this background section is included only to enhance the understanding of the context of this disclosure, and therefore may contain information that does not constitute relevant technology currently known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a short-circuit detection circuit and an energy storage power supply to solve the overheating risk problem caused by using DC regulation modules for short-circuit protection in related technologies.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a short-circuit detection circuit, comprising: an electrical connection interface connected to an energy storage component; a DC regulation module for disconnecting the energy storage component's path when the electrical connection interface experiences overcurrent; a voltage detection module connected in parallel to the electrical connection interface for detecting the interface voltage of the electrical connection interface and outputting a voltage detection signal characterizing the interface voltage; and a control module connected to the voltage detection module for determining the interface voltage based on the voltage detection signal, and determining that a short circuit has occurred in the electrical connection interface when the interface voltage meets a preset voltage condition; wherein the preset voltage condition includes: the interface voltage undergoing at least one flip.

[0007] Thus, when a short circuit occurs at the electrical connection interface, the DC-DC regulator module disconnects the path for short-circuit protection. Because this autonomous protection mechanism of the DC-DC regulator module reacts too quickly, the control module cannot detect the short circuit using conventional overcurrent detection methods (such as judging if the current exceeds a threshold) in time; the short circuit has already been "handled" by the DC-DC regulator module. However, the hiccups will continue, leading to overheating and board burnout. This application does not use conventional overcurrent detection methods but instead monitors changes in the interface voltage through a voltage detection module. Whether it's a voltage drop caused by the short circuit itself or hiccups caused by overcurrent in the DC-DC regulator module due to the short circuit, the same characteristic phenomenon will appear—a flipping change in the interface voltage. Whenever the DC-DC regulator module disconnects and turns its internal switch on and off, the interface voltage will show a significant flip. By capturing this "at least one flip" characteristic, the control module can deduce that a short circuit is occurring at the interface. Once a short circuit is confirmed, the control module can take timely protective measures, such as actively controlling the DC-DC regulator module to completely shut down, cutting off the connection between the energy storage component and the interface at the source, stopping the hiccups, and avoiding the risk of continuous overheating and component burnout. The detection method described in this application cleverly solves the problem of conventional short-circuit detection failing due to the excessively rapid self-protection of the DC regulation module.

[0008] For example, the electrical connection interface includes a USB interface. Using a USB interface as the electrical connection interface is compatible with current mainstream charging interface standards, improving the product's versatility and practicality.

[0009] For example, energy storage components include batteries and / or supercapacitors.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, one possible implementation also includes a DC regulation module for connecting the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface, wherein the energy storage component is electrically connected to the electrical connection interface via the DC regulation module. The control module is further configured to control the DC regulation module to shut down, thereby preventing power from being supplied to the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface, should a short circuit be detected at the electrical connection interface.

[0011] Thus, since the DC regulation module is connected in series in the energy storage component's circuit, it can promptly disconnect the circuit during overcurrent, providing a hardware foundation for subsequent short-circuit detection and protection. The control module's active control function over the DC regulation module is added. Once a short circuit is detected, the control module can directly shut down the DC regulation module, completely severing the circuit connection between the energy storage component and the interface, quickly preventing short-circuit current and effectively protecting the circuit board and components from damage.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the DC regulation module is used to regulate a first electrical parameter value output by the energy storage component to the electrical connection interface, the first electrical parameter value including at least one of voltage or current; and / or, the DC regulation module is used to regulate a second electrical parameter value input by the electrical connection interface to the energy storage component, the second electrical parameter value including at least one of voltage or current.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the preset voltage condition includes: the interface voltage experiences a first voltage reversal and remains in a state below a low voltage threshold for a duration of a first preset duration; the first voltage reversal is: the interface voltage drops from above the low voltage threshold to below the low voltage threshold.

[0014] Because a short circuit at the interface will cause a voltage drop, this method can determine whether a short circuit has occurred by monitoring the change in the interface voltage. Specifically, it determines whether the voltage drops from the normal value (greater than the low voltage threshold) to below the low voltage threshold and remains below it for a certain period of time. This effectively distinguishes between a short circuit and a momentary voltage fluctuation, reduces the possibility of misjudgment, improves the accuracy of short circuit detection, and avoids false alarms.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the first preset duration is no more than 0.2 seconds; and / or, the low voltage threshold is no more than 0.1V.

[0016] Thus, by setting the first preset duration to no more than 0.2 seconds and the low voltage threshold to no more than 0.1V, such parameter settings can not only respond quickly to real short circuit situations, but also effectively filter out instantaneous voltage fluctuations.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the preset voltage condition includes: the number of times the interface voltage undergoes a second voltage reversal within a second preset time period exceeds a preset number. The second voltage reversal is defined as: the interface voltage dropping from a voltage greater than zero to a voltage of zero. Therefore, by directly analyzing the number of interface voltage flips and counting the number of times the voltage flips to zero within a certain period, the repeated hiccups of the DC-DC regulator module can be identified. This allows it to be inferred that the DC-DC regulator module is performing overcurrent protection, indicating an overcurrent at the interface. This method does not detect the short circuit itself, cleverly solving the problem of conventional short-circuit detection failing due to the DC-DC regulator module's overly rapid self-protection.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the second preset duration does not exceed 2 seconds, and the preset number of times is not less than 2.

[0019] Thus, if there are more than two voltage reversals within 2 seconds, this setting can accurately capture the hiccup phenomenon without misjudging due to occasional voltage fluctuations. This parameter setting ensures the sensitivity and reliability of the detection.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the DC regulation module includes: a voltage regulation unit connected between the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface, configured to be in a turned-off state when the current flowing through it is overcurrent, and in a turned-on state when the current flowing through it is not overcurrent; and, in the turned-on state, to adjust a first electrical parameter value output by the energy storage component to the electrical connection interface, and / or to adjust a second electrical parameter value input by the electrical connection interface to the energy storage component; a switching unit connected between the energy storage component and the voltage regulation unit, configured to control whether the energy storage component and the voltage regulation unit are connected; and a control module configured to control the switching unit to disconnect when a short circuit is detected at the electrical connection interface.

[0021] In this way, the voltage regulation unit is responsible for automatic shutdown during normal overcurrent. When the control module detects a short circuit, it will forcibly disconnect the switching unit, disconnect the energy storage component from the electrical connection interface, and stop the DC regulation module from working. This not only retains the original protection function of the DC regulation module, but also increases the ability of external active control over the DC regulation module.

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the voltage regulation unit includes a DC-DC chip, and the switching unit includes a first switching transistor and a second switching transistor. The input pin of the DC-DC chip is connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage component via the first switching transistor, and the ground pin of the DC-DC chip is connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage component. The controlled terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to a preset level via the second switching transistor, and the controlled terminal of the second switching transistor is connected to a control module. The control module is used to control the first switching transistor to disconnect by controlling the second switching transistor when a short circuit is detected at the electrical connection interface, thereby disconnecting the energy storage component from the voltage regulation unit.

[0023] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the voltage detection module includes a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor, which are connected in series between the positive and negative terminals of the electrical connection interface. The series connection node between the first and second voltage divider resistors is connected to the control module for outputting a voltage detection signal to the control module.

[0024] By using a simple structure with series voltage divider resistors, the interface voltage can be accurately detected and a detection signal can be output. It is low in cost, highly reliable, and does not have a significant impact on the power consumption of the main circuit, making it very suitable for use in cost- and power-sensitive products such as power banks.

[0025] In conjunction with the first aspect, one possible implementation also includes a voltage regulator module connected to the energy storage component and the control module, used to convert the voltage of the energy storage component into a stable power supply voltage required by the control module.

[0026] This means that a voltage regulator module is added to power the control module, ensuring that the control module can work continuously and stably without affecting the accuracy and reliability of short circuit detection.

[0027] Secondly, this application provides a short-circuit detection circuit, including: an electrical connection interface connected to an energy storage component; a DC regulation module for disconnecting the energy storage component's path when the electrical connection interface experiences overcurrent; a current detection module connected in series between the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface for detecting the interface current of the electrical connection interface and outputting a current detection signal characterizing the interface current; and a control module connected to the current detection module for determining the interface current based on the current detection signal, and determining that a short circuit has occurred in the electrical connection interface when the interface current meets a preset current condition; wherein the preset current condition includes: the interface current undergoing at least one flip.

[0028] Thus, when a short circuit occurs at the electrical connection interface, the DC-DC regulator module disconnects the path for short-circuit protection. Because this autonomous protection mechanism of the DC-DC regulator module reacts too quickly, the control module using conventional overcurrent detection methods (such as judging current exceeding a threshold) cannot detect the short circuit state in time; the short circuit has already been "handled" by the DC-DC regulator module. However, the hiccuping will continue, leading to overheating and component burnout. This application, however, does not use conventional overcurrent detection methods. Instead of directly detecting the short-circuit current itself, it monitors the characteristic phenomenon generated during the hiccuping process of the DC-DC regulator module—the flipping change of the interface current. Whenever the DC-DC regulator module disconnects and turns its internal switch on, the interface current will show a significant flip. By capturing this "at least one flip" characteristic, the control module can deduce that the DC-DC regulator module is performing short-circuit protection. Once an interface short circuit is confirmed, the control module can take timely protective measures, such as actively controlling the DC-DC regulator module to completely shut down, cutting off the connection between the energy storage component and the interface at the source, terminating the hiccuping phenomenon, and avoiding the risk of continuous overheating and component burnout. The detection method described in this application cleverly solves the problem of conventional short-circuit detection failing due to the excessively rapid self-protection of the DC regulation module.

[0029] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the preset current condition includes: the number of times the interface current reverses within a second preset time period exceeds a preset number; the current reversal is: the interface current drops from a greater than zero current to zero current.

[0030] Thus, by directly observing the number of interface current flips and counting the number of times the current flips to zero within a certain period, the repeated hiccups of the DC-DC regulator module can be identified. This allows it to be inferred that the DC-DC regulator module is performing overcurrent protection, indicating an overcurrent at the interface. This method does not detect the short circuit itself, cleverly solving the problem of conventional short-circuit detection failing due to the DC-DC regulator module's overly rapid self-protection.

[0031] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the second preset duration does not exceed 2 seconds, and the preset number of times is not less than 2.

[0032] Thus, with more than 5 current reversals within 2 seconds, this setting can accurately capture the hiccup phenomenon without misjudging due to occasional voltage fluctuations. This parameter setting ensures the sensitivity and reliability of the detection.

[0033] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the current detection module includes a current sensing resistor connected in series between the negative terminal of the electrical connection interface and the negative terminal of the energy storage component. The connection node between the current sensing resistor and the negative terminal of the electrical connection interface is connected to the control module for outputting a current detection signal to the control module.

[0034] Thirdly, this application provides an energy storage power source, comprising: Energy storage components; Electrical connection interface, used to connect to a load or power source; The DC regulation module is connected between the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface, and is used to disconnect the path between the electrical connection interface and the energy storage component when there is an overcurrent in the electrical connection interface. The aforementioned short-circuit detection circuit is used to control the DC regulation module to shut down when a short circuit is detected at the electrical connection interface, so as to prevent the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface from being powered on.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the second and third aspects mentioned above can be referred to in any possible implementation of the preceding aspects, and will not be repeated here. Based on the implementations provided in the above aspects, this application can also be further combined to provide more implementations.

[0036] Other advantages, objectives and features of this application will be partly apparent from the description below, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or related technologies of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the short-circuit detection circuit provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a partial circuit diagram of the short-circuit detection circuit provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3This is a circuit diagram of the voltage regulator module of the short-circuit detection circuit provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the short-circuit detection circuit provided in the embodiments of this application; Explanation of icon numbers: 100. Short circuit detection circuit; 110. Electrical connection interface; 120. Voltage detection module; 130. Control module; 140. DC regulation module; 141. Switching unit; 142. Voltage regulation unit; 150. Current detection module; 160. Voltage regulator module. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] The flowchart shown in the attached diagram is for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor does it necessarily have to be performed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, combined, or partially merged, so the actual execution order may change depending on the actual situation.

[0041] It should be understood that, in order to clearly describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of the present invention to distinguish identical or similar items with essentially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different.

[0042] It should be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0043] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0044] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0045] refer to Figure 1 This application provides a short-circuit detection circuit 100, including: Electrical connection interface 110 connects to the energy storage component, and DC regulation module 140 is used to disconnect the path of the energy storage component when there is an overcurrent in the electrical connection interface 110. The voltage detection module 120 is connected in parallel to the electrical connection interface 110 and is used to detect the interface voltage of the electrical connection interface 110 and output a voltage detection signal characterizing the interface voltage. The control module 130 is connected to the voltage detection module 120 and is used to determine the interface voltage based on the voltage detection signal. When the interface voltage meets the preset voltage conditions, it is determined that the electrical connection interface 110 has a short circuit.

[0046] The preset voltage conditions include: the interface voltage flips at least once.

[0047] Thus, when the electrical connection interface 110 is short-circuited, the DC regulation module 140 will disconnect the path for short-circuit protection. Because this autonomous protection mechanism of the DC regulation module 140 reacts too quickly, the control module 130 cannot detect the short-circuit state in time using conventional overcurrent detection methods (such as judging that the current exceeds the threshold). The short circuit has already been "handled" by the DC regulation module 140, but the hiccups will continue and cause the board to overheat and burn out. This application does not employ conventional overcurrent detection methods. Instead, it monitors interface voltage changes through a voltage detection module 120. Whether it's a voltage drop caused by a short circuit or a hiccup in the DC regulation module 140 due to overcurrent during a short circuit, the same characteristic phenomenon occurs—a flipping change in the interface voltage. Whenever the DC regulation module 140 disconnects and connects its internal switch, the interface voltage exhibits a significant flip. By capturing this "at least one flip" characteristic, the control module 130 can deduce that a short circuit is occurring at the interface. Once a short circuit is confirmed, the control module 130 can promptly take appropriate protective measures. For example, it can actively control the DC regulation module 140 to completely shut down, cutting off the connection between the energy storage component and the interface at the source, stopping the hiccuping phenomenon, and avoiding the risk of continuous overheating and component burnout. This detection method cleverly solves the problem of conventional short-circuit detection failing due to the DC regulation module 140's overly rapid self-protection.

[0048] The control module 130 can be implemented using a microcontroller (MCU), a digital signal processor (DSP), or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). In some embodiments, the control unit 130 uses an MCU, which has sufficient computing power to process the current detection signal in real time and calculate a suitable PWM duty cycle. The control unit 130 integrates an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to convert the voltage / current detection signal into a digital signal for processing.

[0049] In some embodiments, a DC regulation module 140 is also included for connecting the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface 110, wherein the energy storage component is electrically connected to the electrical connection interface 110 through the DC regulation module 140.

[0050] The control module 130 is also used to control the DC regulation module 140 to shut down when a short circuit is detected in the electrical connection interface 110, so as to prevent the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface 110 from being powered on.

[0051] Thus, since the DC regulation module 140 is connected in series in the energy storage component's circuit, it can promptly disconnect the circuit during overcurrent, providing a hardware foundation for subsequent short-circuit detection and protection. The control module 130 is added with active control functionality over the DC regulation module 140. Once a short circuit is detected, the control module 130 can directly shut down the DC regulation module 140, completely severing the circuit connection between the energy storage component and the interface, quickly preventing short-circuit current and effectively protecting the circuit board and components from damage.

[0052] Understandably, the DC regulation module 140 has its own overcurrent protection function. This overcurrent protection function is triggered when it detects that the current flowing through it exceeds its rated current threshold, causing it to enter a shutdown state to protect itself and the circuit. It should be noted that there may be several reasons for triggering this overcurrent protection: On the one hand, it could be a normal overcurrent situation, such as a sudden increase in load power demand, the simultaneous start-up of multiple electrical devices causing the instantaneous current to exceed the rated value, or a slight abnormality in the load itself (such as increased battery internal resistance, poor contact, etc.) causing current fluctuations exceeding the limit. This type of overcurrent is usually temporary and relatively mild, and the current exceeding the standard may not be significant. When the load returns to normal or the current demand decreases, the overcurrent condition may naturally resolve itself.

[0053] On the other hand, it could also be a severe overcurrent caused by a short circuit, such as a short circuit at the interface. Overcurrent caused by a short circuit is often sudden and has an extremely large current amplitude (which may reach several times or even tens of times the rated current), and as long as the short circuit fault persists, the overcurrent state will continue to be triggered.

[0054] The overcurrent protection mechanism of the DC-DC regulator module 140 cannot distinguish between these two situations; it simply performs automatic shutdown or recovery actions based on whether the current exceeds a threshold. Therefore, during normal overcurrent, the DC-DC regulator module 140 may shut down once and the load will return to normal, allowing the system to continue operating. However, during short-circuit overcurrent, because the short-circuit fault persists, the DC-DC regulator module 140 will repeatedly cycle rapidly between "overcurrent-shutdown-current decrease-conduction-re-overcurrent," creating a persistent hiccuping phenomenon. This application can identify severe overcurrent situations due to short-circuit faults by monitoring this hiccuping characteristic (e.g., multiple voltage flips), thereby implementing more thorough power-off protection measures to avoid component damage and safety hazards caused by persistent hiccups.

[0055] The electrical connection interface 110 can be a discharge interface for connecting a load, a charging interface for connecting a power source to charge the energy storage component, or a charging and discharging interface that combines the functions of connecting a load and connecting a power source.

[0056] Accordingly, the DC regulation module 140 is used to regulate a first electrical parameter value output by the energy storage component to the electrical connection interface 110, the first electrical parameter value including at least one of voltage value or current value; and / or, to regulate a second electrical parameter value input by the electrical connection interface 110 to the energy storage component, the second electrical parameter value including at least one of voltage value or current value.

[0057] The energy storage module's path can be understood as the energy transfer path of the energy storage module. The electrical connection interface 110 is located in the energy storage module's path. If the electrical connection interface 110 is a discharge interface, then the energy storage module's path corresponds to a discharge path; if the electrical connection interface 110 is a charging interface, then the energy storage module's path corresponds to a charging path.

[0058] refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the electrical connection interface 110 includes a USB interface USB1. Using a USB interface as the electrical connection interface 110 adapts to current mainstream charging interface standards, improving the product's versatility and practicality. A TVS Zener diode ZD6 is connected between the positive and negative terminals of the USB1 interface to achieve overvoltage protection. Exemplarily, the energy storage component includes a battery and / or a supercapacitor.

[0059] Continue to refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the DC regulation module 140 includes a voltage regulation unit 142 and a switching unit 141.

[0060] The voltage regulation unit 142 is connected between the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface 110. It is used to be in a turn-off state when the current flowing through it is overcurrent and in a conduction state when the current flowing through it is not overcurrent; and, in the conduction state, it adjusts the first electrical parameter value output by the energy storage component to the electrical connection interface 110 and / or adjusts the second electrical parameter value input by the electrical connection interface 110 to the energy storage component. The switching unit 141 is connected between the energy storage component and the voltage regulation unit 142, and is used to control whether the energy storage component and the voltage regulation unit 142 are connected. The control module 130 is used to control the switch unit 141 to disconnect when it is determined that a short circuit has occurred in the electrical connection interface 110.

[0061] Thus, the voltage regulation unit 142 is responsible for automatic shutdown during normal overcurrent. When the control module 130 detects a short circuit, it will forcibly disconnect the switch unit 141, disconnect the energy storage component from the electrical connection interface 110, and stop the DC regulation module 140 from working. This not only retains the original protection function of the DC regulation module 140, but also increases the ability of external active control over the DC regulation module 140.

[0062] More specifically, the voltage regulation unit 142 may include a DC-DC chip U1, and the switching unit 141 may include a first switching transistor Q12 and a second switching transistor Q15. The first switching transistor Q12 and the second switching transistor Q15 may be selected from, but are not limited to, at least one of a transistor, a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, and an insulated-gate bipolar transistor. In this embodiment, the first switching transistor Q12 is a PMOS transistor, and the second switching transistor Q15 is an NMOS transistor. The input pin VIN of the DC-DC chip U1 is connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage component via the first switching transistor Q12, and the ground pin GND of the DC-DC chip U1 is connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage component. The controlled terminal of the first switching transistor Q12 is connected to a preset level via the second switching transistor Q15. The preset level is the level at which the first switching transistor Q12 can be turned on when the second switching transistor Q15 is turned on. The preset level is determined according to the selection of the first switching transistor Q12. For example, in this embodiment, the first switching transistor Q12 is a PMOS transistor, so the preset level is selected as a low level, such as the negative terminal of the energy storage component. The controlled terminal of the second switch Q15 is connected to the control module 130. The control module 130 is used to control the first switch Q12 to disconnect by controlling the second switch Q15 when a short circuit is detected in the electrical connection interface 110, thereby disconnecting the energy storage component from the voltage regulation unit 142. Specifically, the control module 130 controls the on / off state of the second switch Q15 through the output signal UBSA-CTRL. When the control module 130 detects an overcurrent in the interface, it sets the signal UBSA-CTRL to a low level, thereby disconnecting the second switch Q15. The first switch Q12 is also disconnected, causing the DC-DC chip U1 to stop working due to the lack of input.

[0063] The DC-DC chip U1 has an internal power switch transistor, and its switch pin SW is the output terminal of this transistor. A freewheeling inductor is connected between the switch pin SW and the output pin VOUT, and a filter circuit consisting of capacitor C20 and resistor R30 is also connected between them. The DC-DC chip U1 has built-in current detection and overcurrent protection. When it detects an overcurrent in the path, it automatically disconnects the internal power switch transistor. When the USB1 interface is short-circuited, the current changes drastically, far exceeding the typical overcurrent surge rate. Therefore, before the control module 130 can detect this current surge and determine the short circuit using conventional current detection methods (such as RS3 in the diagram, which is a current-sensing resistor that can detect the current in the path and provide feedback to the control module 130), the DC-DC chip U1 has already executed its overcurrent protection action, disconnecting the internal power switch transistor to reduce the current. After the DC-DC chip detects a drop in current, it automatically turns on its internal power switch to resume DC-DC conversion. However, because the control module 130 cannot detect the interface short circuit, it does not perform the corresponding short circuit protection. This causes the DC-DC chip to respond to the overcurrent protection shortly after turning on its internal power switch, turning off the internal power switch. This repeated process results in the hiccuping phenomenon. There is no solution to this problem in related technologies. This embodiment does not employ conventional overcurrent detection methods, nor does it directly detect the short-circuit current itself. Instead, it uses a voltage detection module 120 to monitor a characteristic phenomenon generated during the hiccuping process of the DC-DC regulator 140—the flipping change of the interface current. Whenever the DC-DC regulator 140 disconnects and turns its internal switch on and off, the interface current exhibits a significant flip. By capturing this "at least one flip" characteristic, the control module 130 can deduce that the DC-DC regulator 140 is performing short-circuit protection. Once an interface short circuit is confirmed, the control module 130 can take timely protective measures. For example, it can actively control the DC-DC regulator 140 to completely shut down, cutting off the connection between the energy storage component and the interface at the source, terminating the hiccuping phenomenon, and avoiding the risk of continuous overheating and component burnout. This detection method cleverly solves the problem of conventional short-circuit detection failing due to the DC-DC regulator 140's overly rapid self-protection.

[0064] In some embodiments, the voltage detection module 120 includes a first voltage divider resistor R34 and a second voltage divider resistor R37. The first voltage divider resistor R34 and the second voltage divider resistor R37 are connected in series between the positive and negative terminals of the electrical connection interface 110. The series connection node between the first voltage divider resistor R34 and the second voltage divider resistor R37 is connected to the control module 130 for outputting a voltage detection signal VBUS_SCAN2 to the control module 130. The second voltage divider resistor R37 is also connected in parallel with a capacitor C26 for filtering.

[0065] It is understood that the first voltage divider resistor R34 is not limited to a specific resistor; it can be a single resistor or an equivalent resistance formed by multiple resistors connected in series and / or parallel. Similarly, the second voltage divider resistor R37 is not limited to a specific resistor; it can be a single resistor or an equivalent resistance formed by multiple resistors connected in series and / or parallel.

[0066] By using a simple structure with series voltage divider resistors, the interface voltage can be accurately detected and a detection signal can be output. It is low in cost, highly reliable, and does not have a significant impact on the power consumption of the main circuit, making it very suitable for use in cost- and power-sensitive products such as power banks.

[0067] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 The system also includes a voltage regulator module 160, which connects the energy storage component and the control module 130, and is used to convert the voltage of the energy storage component into a stable power supply voltage required by the control module 130. The voltage regulator module 160 can be, but is not limited to, the voltage regulator chip U10. For example, if the MCU of the control module 130 requires a working voltage of +5V, then the input pin VIN of the voltage regulator chip U10 can be connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage component via resistor R105, the ground pin GND of the voltage regulator chip U10 can be connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage component, and the output pin of the voltage regulator chip U10 can output a +5V voltage. A filter capacitor C77 is connected between the output pin VOUT of the voltage regulator chip U10 and the ground pin GND.

[0068] In this way, the addition of the voltage regulator module 160 to power the control module 130 ensures that the control module 130 can work continuously and stably without affecting the accuracy and reliability of short circuit detection.

[0069] In some embodiments, the preset voltage condition includes: the interface voltage experiences a first voltage reversal and remains in a state below a low voltage threshold for a duration of a first preset duration; The first voltage reversal is when the interface voltage drops from above the low voltage threshold to below the low voltage threshold.

[0070] Besides the hiccuping phenomenon, a short circuit at the interface itself will cause a voltage drop due to the short circuit. Therefore, this method can determine whether a short circuit has occurred by monitoring the magnitude of the interface voltage change. For example, Figure 2In the circuit shown, the USB1 interface output is normally 5V. If short-circuited, the voltage of the USB1 interface will be extremely low, generally not exceeding 0.1V. Therefore, it is sufficient to determine whether the USB1 interface is short-circuited if its voltage drops below a certain value. Furthermore, this embodiment specifically determines whether the voltage drops from the normal value (greater than the low voltage threshold) to below the low voltage threshold and remains below it for a certain period of time. This effectively distinguishes between short-circuit conditions and instantaneous voltage fluctuations, reducing the possibility of false alarms, improving the accuracy of short-circuit detection, and avoiding false alarms.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first preset duration is no more than 0.2 seconds, and in some embodiments, the first preset duration is 0.5 seconds; and / or, the low voltage threshold is no more than 0.1V.

[0072] Thus, by setting the first preset duration to no more than 0.2 seconds and the low voltage threshold to no more than 0.1V, such parameter settings can not only respond quickly to real short circuit situations, but also effectively filter out instantaneous voltage fluctuations.

[0073] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 2 For example: The MCU of control module 130 controls USBA-CTRL to be high, turns on the DC-DC output of chip U1, and detects VBUS_SCAN2; if VBUS_SCAN2 is detected to be below 0.5V for 0.2 seconds, it is determined that the USB port load is short-circuited, and USBA-CTRL is immediately controlled to be low, Q15 is disconnected, Q12 is disconnected accordingly, and chip U1 turns off the DC-DC output.

[0074] In some embodiments, the preset voltage condition includes: the number of times the interface voltage undergoes a second voltage reversal within a second preset time period exceeds a preset number.

[0075] The second voltage reversal is: the interface voltage drops from a voltage greater than zero to a voltage of zero.

[0076] In this design, zero voltage does not refer to an absolute 0V, but rather to an extremely low voltage value close to zero. It typically represents a very small voltage range that takes into account unavoidable voltage drops and measurement errors in actual circuits (such as wire voltage drops, noise floor and offset errors of the voltage detection module 120, and residual voltage after the DC regulation module 140 is turned off). In practical applications, zero voltage is usually defined as an extremely low voltage threshold, such as less than 0.1V, 0.05V, or a specific value lower. When the detected interface voltage is below this threshold, the voltage is considered to have flipped to zero. The specific threshold setting needs to be determined comprehensively based on the circuit's rated operating voltage, the accuracy of the voltage detection module, the resolution of the ADC, and the reliability requirements of the application scenario.

[0077] Thus, by directly analyzing the number of interface voltage flips and counting the number of times the voltage flips to zero within a certain period, the repeated hiccups of the DC-DC regulator 140 can be identified. This allows it to be inferred that the DC-DC regulator 140 is performing overcurrent protection, indicating an overcurrent at the interface. This method does not detect the short circuit itself, cleverly solving the problem of the DC-DC regulator 140's autonomous protection failing due to excessively rapid activation, which causes conventional short-circuit detection to fail.

[0078] The second preset duration is no more than 2 seconds. The preset number of times is no less than 2; in some embodiments, the preset number of times is 5. Thus, if there are more than two voltage reversals within 2 seconds, this setting can accurately capture the hiccup phenomenon without misjudging due to occasional voltage fluctuations. This parameter setting ensures the sensitivity and reliability of the detection.

[0079] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 2 For example: The MCU of control module 130 controls USBA-CTRL to be high, turns on the DC-DC output of chip U1, and detects VBUS_SCAN2; if VBUS_SCAN2 is detected to drop from 5V to below 0.1V, then rise back to 5V, and then drop to below 0.1V again, repeating this 5 times in 2 seconds, it is determined that the USB port load is short-circuited, and USBA-CTRL is immediately controlled to be low, Q15 is disconnected, Q12 is disconnected accordingly, and chip U1 turns off the DC-DC output.

[0080] refer to Figure 4 Based on a unified technical concept, in a second aspect, this application provides a short-circuit detection circuit 100, comprising: Electrical connection interface 110 connects to the energy storage component, and DC regulation module 140 is used to disconnect the path of the energy storage component when there is an overcurrent in the electrical connection interface 110. The current detection module 150 is connected in series between the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface 110, and is used to detect the interface current of the electrical connection interface 110 and output a current detection signal characterizing the interface current. The control module 130 is connected to the current detection module 150 and is used to determine the interface current based on the current detection signal. When the interface current meets the preset current conditions, it is determined that the electrical connection interface 110 has a short circuit.

[0081] The preset current conditions include: the interface current must flip at least once.

[0082] Thus, when the electrical connection interface 110 is short-circuited, the DC regulation module 140 will disconnect the path for short-circuit protection. Because this autonomous protection mechanism of the DC regulation module 140 reacts too quickly, the control module 130 cannot detect the short-circuit state in time using conventional overcurrent detection methods (such as judging that the current exceeds the threshold). The short circuit has already been "handled" by the DC regulation module 140, but the hiccups will continue and cause the board to overheat and burn out. This application does not employ conventional overcurrent detection methods, nor does it directly detect the short-circuit current itself. Instead, it uses a voltage detection module 120 to monitor a characteristic phenomenon generated during the hiccuping process of the DC-DC regulator 140—the flipping change of the interface current. Whenever the DC-DC regulator 140 disconnects and turns its internal switch on, the interface current exhibits a significant flip. By capturing this "at least one flip" characteristic, the control module 130 can deduce that the DC-DC regulator 140 is performing short-circuit protection. Once an interface short circuit is confirmed, the control module 130 can promptly take corresponding protective measures. For example, it can actively control the DC-DC regulator 140 to completely shut down, cutting off the connection between the energy storage component and the interface at the source, terminating the hiccuping phenomenon, and avoiding the risk of continuous overheating and component burnout. This detection method cleverly solves the problem of conventional short-circuit detection failing due to the DC-DC regulator 140's overly rapid autonomous protection.

[0083] In some embodiments, the preset current condition includes: the number of times the interface current flips within a second preset time period exceeds a preset number; Current reversal is defined as the interface current dropping from a value greater than zero to zero. This occurs when the interface current repeatedly drops from a value greater than zero to zero within a second preset time period.

[0084] Similarly, zero current in this solution does not refer to an absolute 0A, but rather to an extremely low current value close to zero. This is typically a very small current range that takes into account various unavoidable factors in actual circuits. These factors include: measurement errors of the current sensing module 150, sampling accuracy limitations of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) within the control module, the influence of circuit parasitic parameters (such as PCB trace resistance, contact resistance, temperature drift, etc., which introduce additional measurement deviations at low current levels), and residual current after the DC regulation module is turned off. In practical applications, zero current is usually defined as an extremely low current threshold, such as less than 0.5A, 0.3A, or a specific value lower. When the detected interface current is below this threshold, the current is considered to have flipped to zero. The specific threshold setting needs to be determined comprehensively based on the circuit's rated operating current, the accuracy of the current sensing resistor, the ADC resolution, and the reliability requirements of the application scenario.

[0085] Thus, by directly observing the number of interface current flips and counting the number of times the current flips to zero within a certain period, the repeated hiccups of the DC-DC regulator 140 can be identified. This allows it to be inferred that the DC-DC regulator 140 is performing overcurrent protection, indicating an overcurrent at the interface. This method does not detect the short circuit itself, cleverly solving the problem of the DC-DC regulator 140's autonomous protection failing due to excessively rapid activation, which causes conventional short-circuit detection to fail.

[0086] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the second preset duration is no more than 2 seconds, and the preset number of times is no less than 2. In some embodiments, the preset number of times is 5. Thus, if there are more than two current reversals within 2 seconds, this setting can accurately capture the hiccup phenomenon without misjudging due to occasional voltage fluctuations. This parameter setting ensures the sensitivity and reliability of the detection.

[0087] It is understandable that power supply products are generally equipped with a current detection module 150. Therefore, this embodiment can directly utilize the existing current detection module 150 to achieve the above-mentioned hiccup state identification. No additional hardware costs are required; the overcurrent state of the interface can be determined solely through signal processing algorithms.

[0088] refer to Figure 2 The current detection module 150 includes a current-sensing resistor RS3, which is connected in series between the negative terminal of the electrical connection interface 110 and the negative terminal of the energy storage component. The connection node between the current-sensing resistor and the negative terminal of the electrical connection interface 110 is connected to the control module 130 to output a current detection signal to the control module 130. In this embodiment, the connection node is specifically connected to the control module 130 via resistor R40. As shown in the figure, 5V_ISN represents the current detection signal, which is a voltage signal. The voltage division on RS3 can be calculated from its voltage value and the resistance relationship between RS3 and R40, and then the current flowing through RS can be calculated, thus obtaining the interface current.

[0089] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 2 For example: The MCU of control module 130 controls USBA-CTRL to be high, turns on the DC-DC output of chip U1, and detects 5V_ISN1; if it detects that 5V_ISN1 drops from above 1A to below 0.5A, then rises back to 1A, and then drops back to 0.5A, repeating this 5 times in 2 seconds, it is determined that the USB port load is short-circuited, and USBA-CTRL is immediately controlled to be low, Q15 is disconnected, Q12 is disconnected accordingly, and chip U1 turns off the DC-DC output.

[0090] Based on a unified technical concept, in a third aspect, this application provides an energy storage power source, comprising: Energy storage components; Electrical connection interface 110 is used to connect a load or power supply; DC regulation module 140 is connected between energy storage component and electrical connection interface 110, and is used to disconnect the path between electrical connection interface 110 and energy storage component when there is an overcurrent in electrical connection interface 110. The aforementioned short-circuit detection circuit 100 is used to control the DC regulation module 140 to shut down when a short circuit is detected in the electrical connection interface 110, so as to prevent the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface 110 from being powered on.

[0091] In some embodiments, the electrical connection interface 110 is a USB interface.

[0092] In some embodiments, it further includes at least one of the following: The electrical connection interface 110 includes at least one or more of the following: USB interface, AV jack, DC interface, and cigarette lighter jack. The electrical connection interface 110 is connected to a power source. It also includes a lighting device, which includes at least one or more of LED lights, incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, magnesium lamps, xenon lamps, high-pressure pump lamps, high-pressure sodium lamps, and halogen lamps. The lighting device is located in the housing of the window breaker to provide illumination. The housing includes a first housing and a second housing.

[0093] In some embodiments, an emergency start output interface is also included, which is disposed in the housing and connected to the energy storage component.

[0094] In some embodiments, an air-inflating component is also included, which is used to inflate the target device. The air-inflating component is connected to an energy storage component, which provides electrical energy to the air-inflating component.

[0095] In some embodiments, an air intake component is also included, which is used to draw air into the target device. The air intake component is connected to an energy storage component, which provides electrical energy to the air intake component.

[0096] In some embodiments, a connection component is also included, comprising a positive wire and a negative wire for connecting to a vehicle battery. The energy storage power supply outputs current to the vehicle through the connection component to start the vehicle in an emergency.

[0097] In some embodiments, the connection component further includes a positive clamp and a negative clamp, the positive clamp being connected to a positive wire and the negative clamp being connected to a negative wire, the positive clamp and the negative clamp being used to connect to equipment inside the vehicle. In some embodiments, the energy storage component is connected to in-vehicle equipment via a connection component to output current through the connection component to provide electrical energy for vehicle starting or power consumption. The in-vehicle equipment includes at least one of a vehicle battery or a starter motor.

[0098] In some embodiments, the vehicle includes at least a bicycle, a motorcycle, a car, and a truck.

[0099] The beneficial effects of the second and third aspects mentioned above can be referred to in any possible implementation of the preceding aspects, and will not be repeated here. Based on the implementations provided in the above aspects, this application can also be further combined to provide more implementations.

[0100] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. It should be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as “on,” “adjacent to,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” other elements or layers, it may be directly on, adjacent to, connected to, or coupled to other elements or layers, or there may be intervening elements or layers. Conversely, when an element is referred to as “directly on,” “directly adjacent to,” “directly connected to,” or “directly coupled to” other elements or layers, there are no intervening elements or layers. It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used to describe various elements, components, areas, layers, and / or portions, these elements, components, areas, layers, and / or portions should not be limited by these terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish one element, component, area, layer, or portion from another element, component, area, layer, or portion. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of this application, the first element, component, area, layer, or portion discussed below may be referred to as a second element, component, area, layer, or portion.

[0101] Spatial relation terms such as “below,” “under,” “below,” “under,” “above,” “above,” etc., are used herein for convenience of description to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figure and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figure, spatial relation terms are intended to also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, then the element or feature described as “below,” “under,” or “below” other elements or features will be oriented “above” other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary terms “below” and “under” can include both above and below orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or otherwise) and the spatial descriptive terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0102] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. When used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising” and / or “including,” when used in this specification, identify the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups. When used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.

[0103] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0104] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A short-circuit detection circuit, characterized in that, include: An electrical connection interface is provided for connecting an energy storage component. A DC regulation module is used to disconnect the energy storage component when an overcurrent occurs at the electrical connection interface. A voltage detection module, connected in parallel to the electrical connection interface, is used to detect the interface voltage of the electrical connection interface and output a voltage detection signal characterizing the interface voltage; A control module, connected to the voltage detection module, is used to determine the interface voltage based on the voltage detection signal, and to determine that the electrical connection interface has a short circuit when the interface voltage meets a preset voltage condition. The preset voltage condition includes: the interface voltage flips at least once.

2. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical connection interface includes a USB interface.

3. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the energy storage component, which includes a battery and / or a supercapacitor.

4. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the DC regulation module, which is used to connect the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface, and the energy storage component is electrically connected to the electrical connection interface through the DC regulation module; The control module is also used to control the DC regulation module to shut down when a short circuit is detected in the electrical connection interface, so as to prevent the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface from being powered on.

5. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The DC regulation module is used to regulate the first electrical parameter value output by the energy storage component to the electrical connection interface, the first electrical parameter value including at least one of voltage value or current value; And / or, The DC regulation module is used to adjust the second electrical parameter value input from the electrical connection interface to the energy storage component, the second electrical parameter value including at least one of voltage value or current value.

6. The short-circuit detection circuit according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The preset voltage condition includes: the duration for which the interface voltage experiences a first voltage reversal and remains below a low voltage threshold reaches a first preset duration; The first voltage reversal is defined as the interface voltage dropping from above the low voltage threshold to below the low voltage threshold.

7. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first preset duration is no more than 0.2 seconds; And / or, the low voltage threshold does not exceed 0.1V.

8. The short-circuit detection circuit according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The preset voltage condition includes: the number of times the interface voltage undergoes a second voltage reversal within a second preset time period exceeds a preset number; The second voltage reversal is: the interface voltage drops from a voltage greater than zero to a voltage of zero.

9. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second preset duration shall not exceed 2 seconds, and the preset number of times shall not be less than 2.

10. The power interface short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The DC regulation module includes: A voltage regulation unit, connected between the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface, is used to be in a turned-off state when the current flowing through it is overcurrent, and in a turned-on state when the current flowing through it is not overcurrent; and, in the turned-on state, to adjust the first electrical parameter value output by the energy storage component to the electrical connection interface, and / or to adjust the second electrical parameter value input by the electrical connection interface to the energy storage component; A switching unit, connected between the energy storage component and the voltage regulation unit, is used to control whether the energy storage component and the voltage regulation unit are connected. The control module is used to control the switching unit to disconnect when a short circuit is detected at the electrical connection interface.

11. The power interface short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that, The voltage regulation unit includes a DC-DC chip, and the switching unit includes a first switching transistor and a second switching transistor. The input pin of the DC-DC chip is connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage component via the first switching transistor, and the ground pin of the DC-DC chip is connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage component. The controlled terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to a preset level via the second switching transistor, and the controlled terminal of the second switching transistor is connected to the control module. The control module is used to control the first switching transistor to disconnect by controlling the second switching transistor when a short circuit is detected in the electrical connection interface, thereby disconnecting the energy storage component from the voltage regulation unit.

12. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage detection module includes a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor, which are connected in series between the positive and negative terminals of the electrical connection interface. The series connection node between the first and second voltage divider resistors is connected to the control module for outputting the voltage detection signal to the control module.

13. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a voltage regulator module, which connects the energy storage component and the control module, and is used to convert the voltage of the energy storage component into a stable power supply voltage required by the control module.

14. A short-circuit detection circuit, characterized in that, include: An electrical connection interface is provided for connecting an energy storage component. A DC regulation module is used to disconnect the energy storage component when an overcurrent occurs at the electrical connection interface. A current detection module is connected in series between the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface, and is used to detect the interface current of the electrical connection interface and output a current detection signal characterizing the interface current. A control module, connected to the current detection module, is used to determine the interface current based on the current detection signal, and to determine that the electrical connection interface has a short circuit when the interface current meets a preset current condition. The preset current condition includes: the interface current undergoes at least one flip.

15. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 14, characterized in that, The electrical connection interface includes a USB interface.

16. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 14, characterized in that, It also includes the energy storage component, which includes a battery and / or a supercapacitor.

17. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 14, characterized in that, It also includes the DC regulation module, which is used to connect the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface, and the energy storage component is electrically connected to the electrical connection interface through the DC regulation module; The control module is also used to control the DC regulation module to shut down when a short circuit is detected in the electrical connection interface, so as to prevent the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface from being powered on.

18. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 17, characterized in that, The DC regulation module is used to regulate the first electrical parameter value output by the energy storage component to the electrical connection interface, the first electrical parameter value including at least one of voltage value or current value; And / or, The DC regulation module is used to adjust the second electrical parameter value input from the electrical connection interface to the energy storage component, the second electrical parameter value including at least one of voltage value or current value.

19. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 14, characterized in that, The preset current condition includes: the number of times the interface current flips within a second preset time period exceeds a preset number; The current reversal is defined as the interface current dropping from a value greater than zero to zero.

20. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 19, characterized in that, The second preset duration shall not exceed 2 seconds, and the preset number of times shall not be less than 2.

21. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 14, characterized in that, The DC regulation module includes: A voltage regulation unit, connected between the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface, is used to be in a turned-off state when the current flowing through it is overcurrent, and in a turned-on state when the current flowing through it is not overcurrent; and, in the turned-on state, to adjust the first electrical parameter value output by the energy storage component to the electrical connection interface, and / or to adjust the second electrical parameter value input by the electrical connection interface to the energy storage component; A switching unit, connected between the energy storage component and the voltage regulation unit, is used to control whether the energy storage component and the voltage regulation unit are connected. The control module is used to control the switching unit to disconnect when a short circuit is detected at the electrical connection interface.

22. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 21, characterized in that, The voltage regulation unit includes a DC-DC chip, and the switching unit includes a first switching transistor and a second switching transistor. The input pin of the DC-DC chip is connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage component via the first switching transistor, and the ground pin of the DC-DC chip is connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage component. The controlled terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to a preset level via the second switching transistor, and the controlled terminal of the second switching transistor is connected to the control module. The control module is used to control the first switching transistor to disconnect by controlling the second switching transistor when a short circuit is detected in the electrical connection interface, thereby disconnecting the energy storage component from the voltage regulation unit.

23. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 14, characterized in that, The current detection module includes a current sensing resistor, which is connected in series between the negative terminal of the electrical connection interface and the negative terminal of the energy storage component. The connection node between the current sensing resistor and the negative terminal of the electrical connection interface is connected to the control module for outputting the current detection signal to the control module.

24. The short-circuit detection circuit according to claim 14, characterized in that, It also includes a voltage regulator module, which connects the energy storage component and the control module, and is used to convert the current of the energy storage component into a stable power supply current required by the control module.

25. An energy storage power source, characterized in that, include: Energy storage components; Electrical connection interface, used to connect to a load or power source; A DC regulation module is connected between the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface, and is used to disconnect the path between the electrical connection interface and the energy storage component when there is an overcurrent in the electrical connection interface; The short-circuit detection circuit as described in any one of claims 1-13 or 14-24 is used to control the DC regulation module to shut down when a short circuit is detected in the electrical connection interface, so as to prevent the energy storage component and the electrical connection interface from being powered on.

26. The energy storage power supply according to claim 25, characterized in that, The electrical connection interface is a USB interface.

27. The energy storage power supply according to claim 25, characterized in that, It also includes at least one of the following: The electrical connection interface includes at least one or more of the following: USB interface, AV jack, DC interface, and cigarette lighter jack; the electrical connection interface is connected to the power source. It also includes a lighting device, which includes at least one or more of LED lights, incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, magnesium lamps, xenon lamps, high-pressure pump lamps, high-pressure sodium lamps, and halogen lamps. The lighting device is disposed in the housing of the window breaker to provide illumination. The housing includes a first housing and a second housing.

28. The energy storage power supply according to claim 27, characterized in that, It also includes an emergency start output interface, which is located in the housing and connected to the energy storage component.

29. The energy storage power supply according to claim 25, characterized in that, It also includes an air pumping component for pumping air into the target device. The air pumping component is connected to the energy storage component, and the energy storage component provides electrical energy to the air pumping component.

30. The energy storage power supply according to claim 25, characterized in that, It also includes an air intake component for drawing air into the target device. The air intake component is connected to the energy storage component, and the energy storage component provides electrical energy to the air intake component.

31. The energy storage power supply according to claim 25, characterized in that, It also includes a connection component, which includes a positive wire and a negative wire for connecting to the vehicle battery. The energy storage power supply outputs current to the vehicle through the connection component to start the vehicle in an emergency.

32. The energy storage power supply according to claim 31, characterized in that, The connection assembly further includes a positive clamp and a negative clamp, the positive clamp being connected to the positive wire and the negative clamp being connected to the negative wire, the positive clamp and the negative clamp being used to connect to internal vehicle equipment.

33. The energy storage power supply according to claim 31, characterized in that, The energy storage component is connected to the vehicle's internal equipment via the connection component to output current through the connection component, providing electrical energy for vehicle starting or power consumption. The vehicle's internal equipment includes at least one of a vehicle battery or a starter motor.

34. The energy storage power supply according to claim 31, characterized in that, The vehicles include at least bicycles, motorcycles, cars, and trucks.

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