High-efficiency heat-dissipation high-power cut-off soft-edge diaphragm with variable arc-shaped surface and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency heat-dissipation high-power cut-off soft-edge diaphragm with a variable arc-shaped surface, which comprises a cut-off diaphragm body and a circular light through hole, the through hole surface of the light through hole is a section of arc-shaped surface, and the circumferential diameter of a light beam incident end hole of the light through hole is larger than that of an emergent end hole of the light through hole. The light beam emitting end of the light through hole is further provided with a tooth-shaped structure, and the tooth-shaped structure has the depth thickness in the light beam emitting direction. And the arc-shaped surface design is used, so that the heating area is obviously increased in the depth direction of the light through hole, the heat exchange capability of the diaphragm is enhanced, and the high-power tolerance performance of the diaphragm is improved. If an arc line is not used as a generatrix of the arc-shaped surface, but an oblique straight line is adopted, secondary reflection of stray light and local heat accumulation are easily caused by corners, heat exchange is not facilitated, and the heat exchange is uncontrollable, so that the arc surface is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aperture technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency heat dissipation, high-power cutoff soft-edge aperture with a variable arc surface and a method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] In high-power lasers, the cutoff aperture is a physical entity that restricts the laser beam, allowing a beam of a specific size to pass while blocking unwanted stray light. When an extremely high-power laser beam passes through the aperture, the cutoff aperture intercepts a considerable amount of laser power to pass through, which is a specific size beam. The extremely high-power laser and its power density distribution around the aperture can cause two major problems: local overheating and beam diffraction. Local overheating of the cutoff aperture reduces the environmental tolerance of the aperture's metal material and causes thermal turbulence in the surrounding gas, thus affecting beam quality. Beam diffraction has a more direct impact on beam quality. In previous aperture designs, energy absorption was often achieved by using thermally conductive metals to rigidly resist the incident laser or by using fluid flow through a macrochannel to absorb heat. However, when dealing with higher-power laser beams, existing heat exchange methods have upper limits on their heat exchange capacity. Moreover, previous aperture designs did not directly consider the impact of the aperture on beam quality; therefore, beam diffraction inevitably occurs when the actual beam passes through. Therefore, in order to improve beam quality while enhancing the high power tolerance of the cutoff aperture, and to reduce the impact of the aperture on beam quality due to heat or its own structure, it is necessary to simultaneously optimize the aperture structure and heat transfer performance. Previous inventions have often focused on optimizing heat transfer performance or a single aspect. For example, patent 202411984721.0, "Step-by-Step Variable Voltage Microchannel Heat Dissipation Structure and High-Power Laser Cutoff Aperture," only considers using microchannel flow heat transfer to enhance heat transfer performance, but lacks consideration for improving beam quality. Patent 202310123172.7, "Embedded Adjustable High-Heat-Dissipation Laser Cutoff Aperture," also focuses on enhancing flow characteristics to strengthen heat transfer, which improves heat transfer performance to some extent, but its structure is more complex. Patent 202211672964.1, "Spiral Adjustable High-Power Laser Liquid-Cooled Cutoff Aperture," achieves active heat dissipation of the cutoff aperture by adding mechanical structures, but lacks consideration for beam quality, and the resulting vibrations are also not taken into account. Patent 202211661046.9, "Spiral Adjustable Laser Phase Change Cutoff Aperture," enhances the heat dissipation of the aperture by introducing a phase change, but also does not consider the impact of structural vibrations and diffraction on beam quality.

[0003] There is an urgent need to propose an aperture that can control the cutoff and heat dissipation function of high-power beams, while also reducing stray light in the system and thus optimizing beam quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency heat dissipation, high-power soft-edge cutoff aperture with a variable arc surface. By designing the heated area of ​​the aperture's aperture surface as an arc surface, the beam receiving area of ​​the aperture surface is greatly increased along the direction of beam incidence. Furthermore, the surface is designed with variable curvature based on the power level as it approaches the aperture aperture, thereby achieving controllable heat dissipation for high-power beams. At the same time, the sawtooth structure of the soft-edge aperture reduces stray light in the system, thus optimizing beam quality.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A high-efficiency heat dissipation, high-power cutoff soft-edge aperture with a variable arc surface includes a cutoff aperture body and a circular light-passing hole. The surface of the light-passing hole is one or more arc-shaped surfaces, and the circumferential diameter of the light beam incident end hole is larger than the circumferential diameter of the exit end hole.

[0007] In some possible implementations, the light-emitting end of the light-transmitting aperture is further provided with a toothed structure, the toothed structure having a depth along the direction of light emission.

[0008] In some possible implementations, the segment or multiple arcuate surfaces are composed of one or more arcuate surfaces selected from circles, ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the multi-segment arc surface is composed of one or more arc surfaces selected from circles, ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas. Specific combinations include: at different positions, the size of the arc is appropriately adjusted according to the power density of the incident beam; near the center of the incident beam, the surface area of ​​the arc surface is increased so that the high-power-density beam hits more surface area; while far from the beam center, the surface area of ​​the arc surface is reduced to improve the overall utilization rate of the aperture performance.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the circumferential diameter of the light beam entrance aperture is larger than the circumferential diameter of the exit aperture, with the circumferential diameter of the entrance aperture being 1-4 times the circumferential diameter of the exit aperture.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the value of the depth thickness needs to meet the phase difference requirements of the emitted beam.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the axial length of the circular light-transmitting hole is determined according to the actual temperature control conditions.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the tooth tips of the tooth structure are any one of Gaussian teeth, rectangular teeth, sine teeth, triangular teeth, and elliptical teeth.

[0014] The present invention provides a high-efficiency heat dissipation, high-power cutoff soft-edge aperture with a variable arc surface, which has the following advantages:

[0015] Because laser beams have a Gaussian distribution, traditional cutoff aperture designs often result in high-power laser beams near the beam center striking the outer surface of the aperture aperture and being cut off, allowing only beams of a specific aperture size to pass through. The soft-edge cutoff aperture structure of this invention, when the laser beam enters through the aperture's entrance end and passes through the arc-shaped surface of the aperture, and then through the toothed structure at the exit end of the aperture, significantly enhances the aperture's cutoff and heat dissipation capabilities compared to the traditional method where the beam strikes the outer surface of the aperture aperture. The significantly increased heat-receiving area of ​​the arc-shaped surface greatly improves the aperture's beam cutoff and heat dissipation capabilities. Furthermore, the toothed soft-edge aperture optimizes beam quality, reducing diffraction effects and system stray light. Therefore, the soft-edge cutoff aperture structure of this invention can perform cutoff and heat dissipation functions under higher power beams, with a compact and simple structure and enhanced functionality.

[0016] In summary, designing the heated surface (light receiving surface) of the aperture as an arc-shaped surface structure can greatly increase the heated area along the direction of beam incidence, thereby improving the high power tolerance performance of the cutoff aperture.

[0017] Designing the area around the exit end of the aperture as a soft-edged toothed structure can enhance its tolerance while reducing diffraction effects, decreasing stray light, and optimizing beam quality.

[0018] The aperture's arc-shaped surface is designed as a multi-segment arc-shaped surface. Depending on the input power, the required arc-shaped surface size can be designed at different positions along the aperture axis (at different radii along the axis), thereby enabling the aperture to cut off high-power beams at different positions and control the heat dissipation capability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the aperture structure of an arc-shaped surface provided by the present invention. The yellow arc line is the generatrix of the arc-shaped surface.

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a cutoff soft-edge aperture structure with a toothed structure provided at the beam emission end of an arc-shaped surface for the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a half-section structure;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the tooth-shaped structure;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the aperture structure with a multi-segment arc surface provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cutoff soft-edge aperture structure with a toothed structure provided at the beam emission end of the multi-segment arc-shaped surface provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 A comparison of simulation results for different structured apertures.

[0026] In the figure, 1-aperture body, 2-circular light-passing hole, 21-circumference of the beam entrance hole, 22-circumference of the beam exit hole, 23-the surface of the through hole is an arc-shaped surface, 231-generatrix of the arc-shaped surface, 24-the surface of the through hole is a multi-segment arc-shaped surface, 25-tooth structure, 251-depth thickness. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] This embodiment provides a cutoff aperture with a curved surface and a beam exit end that does not have a toothed structure, such as Figure 1 As shown, the light includes a cutoff aperture body and a circular light-passing aperture. The surface of the light-passing aperture is an arc-shaped surface, and the circumferential diameter of the light beam entrance aperture is larger than the circumferential diameter of the exit aperture. In this embodiment, the circumferential diameter of the entrance aperture is three times the circumferential diameter of the exit aperture. In other embodiments, the circumferential diameter of the entrance aperture is 1.1 times, 2.5 times, or 4 times the circumferential diameter of the exit aperture. The aperture diameter design principle is determined based on the input and output requirements of the light beam. The size of the entrance and exit diameters is determined by the diameter of the incident light and the amount of material that needs to be cut off to allow a light beam of a certain diameter to pass through.

[0030] The yellow arc serves as the generatrix of the arc-shaped surface. Typically, the generatrix is ​​a segment of a circle, ellipse, parabola, hyperbola, or other curve, forming the arc-shaped surface around the axis of the light-transmitting aperture. In this embodiment, the yellow generatrix is ​​a segment of a circle, i.e., a circular arc. The axial length of the circular light-transmitting aperture is determined based on actual temperature control conditions. The axial length is determined by factors such as light intensity and temperature control requirements. If it is too short, the arc area is too small, and the heat dissipation capacity may not meet the temperature control needs. If it is too long, it may be unusable, resulting in a waste of space. Therefore, the appropriate length is calculated based on the light input. Using an arc-shaped surface design significantly increases the heat-receiving area in the depth direction of the light-transmitting aperture, enhancing the heat exchange capacity of the aperture and improving its high-power tolerance. If the generatrix of the arc-shaped surface is not an arc but a straight line, the corners are prone to secondary reflection of stray light and local heat accumulation, which is detrimental to heat exchange and uncontrollable. Therefore, an arc surface is better.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] This embodiment provides a cutoff soft-edge aperture with a toothed structure on a curved surface and at the beam exit end, such as... Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figure 4, the aperture includes a cutoff stop body and a circular light-passing aperture. The surface of the light-passing aperture is an arc-shaped surface, and the circumferential diameter of the light beam incident end of the light-passing aperture is larger than the circumferential diameter of the exit end of the light-passing aperture. In this embodiment, the generatrix of the arc-shaped surface is a segment of an ellipse, i.e., an elliptical arc. The light beam exit end of the light-passing aperture is also provided with a toothed structure, which has a depth along the direction of light beam exit. The light beam exit end of the aperture is also provided with a soft-edge toothed structure. Compared with the planar structure of the traditional aperture light-passing aperture, the toothed structure is beneficial to cut off the light beam passing through the edge of the aperture at the toothed structure, thereby preventing the diffraction phenomenon of bright or dark light generated when the light beam passes through the aperture. It can significantly focus the main beam, cut off unwanted stray light, eliminate the diffraction phenomenon of the beam, and improve the beam quality. Based on the secondary reflection of stray light, the toothed structure has a depth along the direction of light beam exit to avoid diffraction caused by the reflection and escape of stray light, thereby improving the cutoff capability.

[0033] Example 3

[0034] This embodiment provides a cutoff aperture with a multi-segment arc-shaped surface and no toothed structure at the beam exit end, such as Figure 5As shown, the aperture includes a cutoff stop body and a circular aperture. The aperture surface is a multi-segment arc-shaped surface, with the circumference diameter of the beam incident end being larger than that of the exit end. In this embodiment, the generatrices of the multi-segment arc-shaped surface are combinations of four types: circle, ellipse, parabola, and hyperbola, totaling six arc segments. In this embodiment, as the aperture diameter decreases from the beam incident end to the exit end, the slope of the arc-shaped surface gradually increases. In other embodiments, the generatrices of the multi-segment arc-shaped surface can be one or more combinations of circle, ellipse, parabola, and hyperbola. The specific combination selection principle depends on the laser input, determined by the light intensity, beam waist radius, and the intercepted beam radius. At different positions, the arc size is appropriately adjusted according to the incident beam power density. Near the center of the incident beam, the surface area of ​​the arc-shaped surface is increased, allowing the high-power-density beam to hit a larger surface area; while away from the beam center, the surface area of ​​the arc-shaped surface is decreased to improve the overall utilization rate of the aperture performance. In summary, by adopting different arc-shaped surface designs along the axial depth direction of the aperture according to different power density distributions, the performance of the aperture can be significantly improved, the power density can be controlled at different positions, and the performance utilization rate of the aperture can be improved.

[0035] Example 4

[0036] This embodiment provides a cutoff soft-edge aperture with a multi-segment arc-shaped surface and a toothed structure at the beam exit end, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the aperture includes a cutoff stop body and a circular light-passing aperture. The surface of the light-passing aperture is a multi-segment arc-shaped surface, and the circumferential diameter of the beam incident end aperture is larger than the circumferential diameter of the exit end aperture. In this embodiment, the generatrices of the multi-segment arc-shaped surface are combinations of four types: circle, ellipse, parabola, and hyperbola, totaling six arc segments. In other embodiments, the generatrices of the multi-segment arc-shaped surface can be one or more combinations of circle, ellipse, parabola, and hyperbola to form the multi-segment arc-shaped surface. The specific combination selection principle depends on the laser input, determined by the light intensity, beam waist radius, and the intercepted beam radius. At different positions, the size of the arc is appropriately adjusted according to the power density of the incident beam. Near the center of the incident beam, the surface area of ​​the arc-shaped surface is increased, allowing the high-power-density beam to hit more surface area; while far from the beam center, the surface area of ​​the arc-shaped surface is decreased to improve the overall utilization rate of the aperture performance.

[0037] The light-emitting end of the aperture is also provided with a toothed structure, which has a depth along the direction of light emission. The specific value of the depth needs to meet the phase difference requirements of the emitted beam.

[0038] The preliminary design included the circumferential diameters of the beam entrance and exit apertures, the axial length of the circular aperture, the appropriate arc size at different locations based on the power density of the incident beam, and the depth thickness of the toothed structure along the beam exit direction. The effects were then verified through finite element analysis software simulation, and the parameters were adjusted until the design requirements were met.

[0039] In summary, by designing the heated area of ​​the aperture's through-hole surface as an arc shape, the beam receiving area of ​​the aperture's through-hole surface can be greatly increased along the direction of beam incidence. Furthermore, the curvature of the arc surface can be varied according to the power level closer to the aperture's through-hole, thereby achieving controllable cutoff and heat dissipation for high-power beams. Simultaneously, the soft-edge aperture enhances heat dissipation while reducing stray light in the system, thus optimizing beam quality.

[0040] like Figure 7 The simulation results of different structured apertures are shown in the figure. From left to right, they are: variable arc surface soft edge cutoff aperture (250 teeth), variable arc surface soft edge cutoff aperture (100 teeth), single segment arc surface aperture, and aperture where the circumference diameter of the light beam entrance aperture is equal to the circumference diameter of the exit aperture (traditional aperture or planar aperture). It can be seen that the temperature increases sequentially, and the heat transfer effect decreases sequentially.

[0041] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency heat dissipation, high-power cutoff soft-edge aperture with a variable arc surface, characterized in that, It includes a cutoff aperture body and a circular light-transmitting aperture. The surface of the light-transmitting aperture is one or more arc-shaped surfaces, and the circumferential diameter of the light beam incident end aperture is larger than the circumferential diameter of the exit end aperture.

2. The high-efficiency heat dissipation, high-power cutoff soft-edge aperture with a variable arc surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-emitting end of the light-transmitting aperture is also provided with a toothed structure, which has a depth along the direction of light emission.

3. The high-efficiency heat dissipation, high-power cutoff soft-edge aperture with a variable arc surface according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The one or more segments of the arc surface are composed of one or more arc surfaces selected from circles, ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas.

4. The high-efficiency heat dissipation, high-power cutoff soft-edge aperture with a variable arc surface according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multiple arc-shaped surfaces are composed of one or more arc-shaped surfaces such as circles, ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas. The specific combination includes: adjusting the size of the arc at different positions along the optical aperture axis according to the power density of the incident beam; increasing the surface area of ​​the arc-shaped surface near the center of the incident beam so that the beam with high power density hits more surface area; and reducing the surface area of ​​the arc-shaped surface away from the center of the beam to improve the overall utilization rate of the aperture performance.

5. The high-efficiency heat dissipation, high-power cutoff soft-edge aperture with a variable arc surface according to claim 3, characterized in that, The circumferential diameter of the light beam entrance aperture is larger than the circumferential diameter of the exit aperture, and the circumferential diameter of the entrance aperture is 1-4 times the circumferential diameter of the exit aperture.

6. The high-efficiency heat dissipation, high-power cutoff soft-edge aperture with a variable arc surface according to claim 3, characterized in that, The value of the depth thickness needs to meet the phase difference requirements of the emitted beam.

7. The high-efficiency heat dissipation, high-power cutoff soft-edge aperture with a variable arc surface according to claim 3, characterized in that, The axial length of the circular light-transmitting hole is determined according to the actual temperature control conditions.

8. The high-efficiency heat dissipation, high-power cutoff soft-edge aperture with a variable arc surface according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tooth tip of the tooth structure can be any one of Gaussian teeth, rectangular teeth, sine teeth, triangular teeth, and elliptical teeth.

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