Intelligent mine geological disaster early warning method and device

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent mine geological disaster early warning device, which structurally comprises a grounding base, a data transmission host, a contact layer, a side slope radar and a protection structure, and is characterized in that the upper end of the grounding base is fixedly connected with the data transmission host, and the data transmission host determines the positions of the side slope radar and the protection structure through the contact layer; the protection structure covers the edge of the slope radar and the front end is hollow; on the basis of the protection structure, the position of the edge protection wall is determined to cover the edge of the slope radar after the protection clamping block is embedded into the contact layer on the data transmission host, rainwater invasion is avoided, and meanwhile water accumulation is avoided through the upper end flow guide plate; and the current is led into the grounding base through the conductive block and the conduction rod of the external grounding flat cable, so that the protection effect on the early warning device (slope radar) can be achieved, the inconvenience caused by the fact that the early warning device needs to be recycled in thunderstorm weather and reinstallation is not needed is avoided, and meanwhile the self-protection strength effect of the early warning device can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of early warning technology for geological disasters in mines, and more specifically to a smart method and device for early warning of geological disasters in mines. Background Technology

[0002] A smart mine is a modern mine that uses modern information technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and 5G to digitize, automate, and intelligently transform and upgrade the entire process of mine production, operation, management, and safety, ultimately achieving a safe, efficient, green, and minimally or even unmanned modern mine. Common geological hazards in mining areas include slope landslides, roof collapses / delamination, rock bursts / rockbursts, and debris flows. Therefore, appropriate early warning devices can be installed at different locations within the mine for disaster warning. For example, in open-pit mines, slope radar can be installed at the slope location to perform planar scanning of the slope surface, detecting minute deformations and enabling the detection of landslide signs several days in advance. This achieves early warning and allows workers to take preventative measures in advance. In summary, the inventors have found that existing early warning devices (slope radars) have the following main defects: When the current early warning device (slope radar) is installed in an open position with a direct view of the entire slope area to be monitored and warned, it is easily covered by rainwater and struck by lightning during thunderstorms. As a result, continuous exposure to rainwater or lightning strikes can damage the radar, thus reducing the self-protection strength of the slope radar. This necessitates disassembly and recycling before thunderstorms, which reduces the long-term operational stability of the early warning device in the mine and the inconvenience of disassembly and reassembly. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the technical objective is: a smart mine geological disaster early warning method and device, the structure of which includes: a grounding base, a data transmission host, a contact layer, a slope radar, and a protective structure. The upper end of the grounding base is fixedly connected to the data transmission host, and the data transmission host determines the position of the slope radar and the protective structure through the contact layer. The protective structure covers the edge of the slope radar and has a hollowed-out front end.

[0004] As a further improvement of the present invention, the protective structure is provided with a guide plate, the lower end of the guide plate is provided with an edge protection wall, the back of the edge protection wall is provided with a pull block and the lower end is connected to a protective clamping plate, and a grounding cable is also connected to the outside of the edge protection wall.

[0005] As a further improvement of the present invention, the grounding cable is also provided with a conductive block, the conductive block is provided with a positioning plate and connected to a conductive rod, and the lower end of the conductive rod is also connected to a positioning plate and carries a slider.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the edge of the slope radar is clamped and covered by the edge protection wall and the protective clamping plate of the protective structure, and then the top guide plate is connected to the outside. At the same time, the conductive rod outside the edge protection wall determines the position of the conductive block and the slider through the positioning plate one and the positioning plate two and is interlocked with the grounding base.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the grounding base and the data transmission host are parallel to each other and spaced together, and a support column is connected between them. The contact layer of the data transmission host is parallel and determines the vertical positioning of the slope radar. The protective structure covers the edge of the slope radar and isolates it from the outside world through the contact layer.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the guide plate is a solid triangular shape and is fixed parallel to the upper end of the edge protection wall, and a lightning rod is also provided at the edge position. The pull block of the edge protection wall is set in a horizontal direction. The middle position of the protective clamping plate covers and clamps the bottom edge of the slope radar. The grounding cable is set outside the edge protection wall in a vertical direction and its bottom is connected to the inside of the grounding base.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the conductive block is a square solid shape and is inserted into the edge protection wall and positioned parallel to the edge by positioning plate one. The conductive rod is made of hot-dip galvanized flat steel and is fixed by bolts on the edges of positioning plate one and positioning plate two.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the intelligent mine geological disaster early warning method is generated by the following process: S1: The location of the data transmission host and the slope radar is determined by the grounding base. Then, the slope radar identifies the characteristics of accelerated deformation by continuously and accurately monitoring the small displacements on the slope surface, and issues different levels of alarms before possible instability and failure. S2: Slope radar monitors data based on two core aspects: cumulative displacement and displacement rate. S3: Slope radar's early warning "three lines of defense": The first line of defense: the automatic early warning model (based on a set threshold), which is divided into three levels. The specific threshold needs to be set individually according to the slope type, soil and rock properties, stability requirements, etc. Level 1 / Attention Warning (Yellow): Standard: The displacement rate consistently exceeds a low threshold (e.g., 2-5 mm / day), or the cumulative displacement reaches a certain value; Meaning: The slope has entered a preliminary unstable state and requires attention; Action taken: Increase data monitoring and on-site inspection frequency, and check whether the system is functioning properly; Level 2 / Alert (Orange): Standard: The displacement rate increases significantly and exceeds a moderate threshold (e.g., 5-10 mm / day), or an accelerating trend is observed in critical areas; Meaning: The slope instability has worsened, and there is a significant risk of landslide. Response: Issue an early warning notice, conduct key analysis by technical personnel, verify the information on-site, and prepare for emergency response; Level 3 / Action Alert (Red): Standard: The displacement rate increases sharply, exceeding a high threshold (e.g., >20-50 mm / day), or the deformation curve exhibits obvious characteristics of the third stage of "accelerated creep" (i.e., "steep sill"). Meaning: The slope is highly likely to experience large-scale instability and failure within a short period of time; Response: Immediately issue the highest level alarm, activate the emergency plan, and forcibly evacuate all personnel from the danger zone; Second line of defense: Deformation curve trend analysis (based on creep theory): Initial creep (decelerating creep): The deformation rate decreases from fast to slow, and the curve dips downwards. During this stage, the slope is in an adjustment phase, and the risk is low. Constant-rate creep: The deformation rate remains constant, and the curve is linear. During this stage, the slope is in a critical equilibrium state, which is a "continuous early warning period" requiring high vigilance. Accelerated creep: The deformation rate continues to increase, and the curve rises upwards. This stage is a precursor to failure; once this stage is reached, it means that failure is imminent. By fitting the curve, it is even possible to predict the specific time when instability will occur. Third line of defense: Spatial domain comprehensive analysis (based on full-field data): Identifying potential slip surfaces: By analyzing displacement contour maps, find the "envelope" where the displacement is significantly greater than that of the surrounding area. This line may be the boundary of the potential slip surface. Identifying the traction zone and the main sliding zone: By analyzing the direction and magnitude of the displacement vector, determine where the landslide initiation zone (traction zone) is and where the main sliding zone is; Anomaly identification: On an overall stable slope, the appearance of an isolated, rapidly moving small area may indicate a risk of local collapse or rockfall, even if the overall slope is safe. S4: Early Warning Process Summary: A complete early warning process method is formed through data collection, data processing, automatic judgment, manual analysis (verification, judgment, decision-making), alarm issuance, feedback and closed loop.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the protective clamping plate is provided with an overlapping block, an insulating plate is connected to the upper end of the overlapping block and a positioning groove is opened at the edge of the surface of the insulating plate, a straight rail is opened at the center of the insulating plate and carries a clamping ring, a back plate is mounted at one end of the insulating plate and a support rod is connected to determine the position of the clamping body, the clamping body is set above the clamping ring and the spacing is matched, and a reinforcement body is also connected above the clamping body.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, two overlapping blocks are provided at the lower edge of the insulating plate and are set in a symmetrical orientation and inserted into the upper contact layer of the data transmission host. The positioning groove of the insulating plate is connected to the lower end of the edge protection wall. The straight rail communicates with the inside of the clamping ring to allow the bottom of the slope radar to be embedded. The back plate covers the back of the slope radar and is clamped and fixed in the middle section by the clamping body of the support rod. The reinforcement body is set at the upper back of the slope radar through the back plate.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the solidification body is also provided with a locking bolt, which passes through the center of the welding plate and is connected to a rotating block at one end.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the locking bolt intersects with the center of the welding plate, and the edge of the rotating block of the welding plate has a control groove.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the grounding base is provided with a load-bearing block, the load-bearing block has an opening in the loading groove and allows the grounding grid to be embedded, and a connecting groove is provided at the edge of the grounding grid.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the load-bearing block is a square parallel shape and the internal loading groove is hollow to allow the grounding grid to be embedded and covered. The grounding grid is fixedly connected to the lower end of the grounding line through the connecting grooves at both ends.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, an overlapping layer is added to the surface of the load-bearing block. The overlapping layer is integral with the cover plate. A locking block is mounted on the inner edge of the cover plate and a protrusion is connected to the surface.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cover plate is in parallel contact with the surface of the load-bearing block through the overlapping layer and is engaged and connected by the insertion of the locking block. The protrusion at the center of the outer surface of the cover plate is circular so that the lower end of the support column can be inserted.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Based on a protective structure, this invention determines the edge protection wall position by embedding the protective clamping block into the contact layer on the data transmission host, thus covering the edge of the slope radar and preventing rainwater intrusion. At the same time, the upper guide plate prevents water accumulation. Then, the current is introduced into the grounding base through the conductive block and conduction rod of the external grounding cable, so as to achieve the protection effect of the early warning device (slope radar). This avoids the inconvenience of having to retrieve and reinstall it during thunderstorms, and at the same time improves the self-protection strength of the early warning device.

[0020] 2. This invention improves upon the protective clamping plate by using the positioning groove on the insulating plate to effectively determine the position of the edge protection wall. Then, the bottom of the slope radar is fixed using a straight rail and clamping ring. At the same time, the secondary fixation of the clamping body and reinforcement body on the back plate effectively ensures the vertical stability of the slope radar, thereby improving the stability of the slope position scanning and monitoring. This enhances the stability during early warning and prevents the monitoring angle from being damaged by minor vibrations in the mine.

[0021] 3. The present invention improves upon the grounding base by determining the position of the grounding grid through the loading groove inside the load-bearing block. This allows the grounding grid to achieve edge protection when it is parallel to the inside of the load-bearing block and directly exposed to the ground, thus replacing the rapid aging that occurred when the grounding grid was directly exposed. At the same time, the connection stability with the grounding cable is improved by using the connecting groove and the cover plate, further enhancing the accuracy and stability of current conduction. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a smart mine geological disaster early warning method and device.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an improved protective structure.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an improved grounding cable.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of an improved protective clamping plate.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure after solidification.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a top view of the internal structure of a grounding base after an improvement.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a newly added component on the surface of a load-bearing block.

[0029] In the diagram: Grounding base-1, Data transmission host-2, Contact layer-3, Slope radar-4, Protective structure-5; 51. Deflector plate - 52. Edge protection wall - 53. Pull block - 54. Protective clamping plate - 55. Grounding cable - 56. Conductive block-551, Positioning plate one-552, Conductive rod-553, Positioning plate two-554, Slider-555; Overlapping block-541, insulating plate-542, positioning groove-543, linear rail-544, clamping ring-545, clamping body-546, support rod-547, reinforcement body-548, back plate-549; Locking bolt-5481, welding plate-5482, rotating block-5483; Loading block-11, loading slot-12, grounding grid-13, connecting slot-14; Overlapping layer-111, cover plate-112, card block-113, protrusion-114. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Example 1: Figures 1 to 5 As shown: This invention provides a smart mine geological disaster early warning method and device. Its structure includes: a grounding base 1, a data transmission host 2, a contact layer 3, a slope radar 4, and a protective structure 5. The upper end of the grounding base 1 is fixedly connected to the data transmission host 2, and the data transmission host 2 determines the position of the slope radar 4 and the protective structure 5 through the contact layer 3. The protective structure 5 covers the edge of the slope radar 4 and has a hollowed-out front end.

[0031] The protective structure 5 is provided with a flow guide plate 51, and the lower end of the flow guide plate 51 is provided with an edge protection wall 52. The back of the edge protection wall 52 is provided with a pull block 53 and the lower end is connected to a protective clamping plate 54. A grounding cable 55 is also connected to the outside of the edge protection wall 52.

[0032] The grounding cable 55 is also provided with a conductive block 551. The conductive block 551 is provided with a positioning plate 552 and connected to a transmission rod 553. The lower end of the transmission rod 553 is also connected to a positioning plate 554 and carries a slider 555.

[0033] The edge of the slope radar 4 is clamped and covered by the edge protection wall 52 and the protective clamping plate 54 of the protective structure 5. Then the top guide plate 51 is connected to the outside. At the same time, the conductive rod 553 outside the edge protection wall 52 determines the position of the conductive block 551 and the slider 555 through the positioning plate 1 552 and the positioning plate 2 554 and is inserted and connected to the grounding base 1.

[0034] The grounding base 1 and the data transmission host 2 are parallel to each other and spaced together, and are connected by a support column. The contact layer 3 of the data transmission host 2 is parallel and determines the vertical positioning of the slope radar 4. The protective structure 5 covers the edge of the slope radar 4 and isolates it from the outside world through the contact layer 3.

[0035] The guide plate 51 is a solid triangular shape and is fixed parallel to the upper end of the edge protection wall 52. A lightning rod is also provided at the edge position. The pull block 53 of the edge protection wall 52 is set in a horizontal position. The middle position of the protective clamping plate 54 covers and clamps the bottom edge of the slope radar 4. The grounding cable 55 is set outside the edge protection wall 52 in a vertical position and its bottom is connected to the inside of the grounding base 1.

[0036] The conductive block 551 is a square solid shape and is inserted into the edge protection wall 52 and positioned in parallel by the positioning plate 552. The conductive rod 553 is made of hot-dip galvanized flat steel and is fixed by bolts on the edges of the positioning plate 552 and the positioning plate 554.

[0037] The intelligent mine geological disaster early warning method is generated through the following process: S1: The positions of the data transmission host 2 and the slope radar 4 are determined by the grounding base 1. Then, the slope radar 4 identifies the characteristics of accelerated deformation by continuously and accurately monitoring the small displacements on the slope surface, and issues alarms of different levels before possible instability and failure. S2: Slope radar 4 monitors data based on two core points: cumulative displacement and displacement rate. S3: The three lines of defense for early warning from slope radar 4: The first line of defense: the automatic early warning model (based on a set threshold), which is divided into three levels. The specific threshold needs to be set individually according to the slope type, soil and rock properties, stability requirements, etc. Level 1 / Attention Warning (Yellow): Standard: The displacement rate consistently exceeds a low threshold (e.g., 2-5 mm / day), or the cumulative displacement reaches a certain value; Meaning: The slope has entered a preliminary unstable state and requires attention; Action taken: Increase data monitoring and on-site inspection frequency, and check whether the system is functioning properly; Level 2 / Alert (Orange): Standard: The displacement rate increases significantly and exceeds a moderate threshold (e.g., 5-10 mm / day), or an accelerating trend is observed in critical areas; Meaning: The slope instability has worsened, and there is a significant risk of landslide. Response: Issue an early warning notice, conduct key analysis by technical personnel, verify the information on-site, and prepare for emergency response; Level 3 / Action Alert (Red): Standard: The displacement rate increases sharply, exceeding a high threshold (e.g., >20-50 mm / day), or the deformation curve exhibits obvious characteristics of the third stage of "accelerated creep" (i.e., "steep sill"). Meaning: The slope is highly likely to experience large-scale instability and failure within a short period of time; Response: Immediately issue the highest level alarm, activate the emergency plan, and forcibly evacuate all personnel from the danger zone; Second line of defense: Deformation curve trend analysis (based on creep theory): Initial creep (decelerating creep): The deformation rate decreases from fast to slow, and the curve dips downwards. During this stage, the slope is in an adjustment phase, and the risk is low. Constant-rate creep: The deformation rate remains constant, and the curve is linear. During this stage, the slope is in a critical equilibrium state, which is a "continuous early warning period" requiring high vigilance. Accelerated creep: The deformation rate continues to increase, and the curve rises upwards. This stage is a precursor to failure; once this stage is reached, it means that failure is imminent. By fitting the curve, it is even possible to predict the specific time when instability will occur. Third line of defense: Spatial domain comprehensive analysis (based on full-field data): Identifying potential slip surfaces: By analyzing displacement contour maps, find the "envelope" where the displacement is significantly greater than that of the surrounding area. This line may be the boundary of the potential slip surface. Identifying the traction zone and the main sliding zone: By analyzing the direction and magnitude of the displacement vector, determine where the landslide initiation zone (traction zone) is and where the main sliding zone is; Anomaly identification: On an overall stable slope, the appearance of an isolated, rapidly moving small area may indicate a risk of local collapse or rockfall, even if the overall slope is safe. S4: Early Warning Process Summary: A complete early warning process method is formed through data collection, data processing, automatic judgment, manual analysis (verification, judgment, decision-making), alarm issuance, feedback and closed loop.

[0038] The protective clamping plate 54 is provided with an overlapping block 541. An insulating plate 542 is connected to the upper end of the overlapping block 541, and a positioning groove 543 is opened at the edge of the surface of the insulating plate 542. A linear rail 544 is opened at the center of the insulating plate 542 and carries a clamping ring 545. A back plate 549 is mounted at one end of the insulating plate 542 and a support rod 547 is connected to determine the position of the clamping body 546. The clamping body 546 is set above the clamping ring 545 and is spaced together. A reinforcing body 548 is also connected above the clamping body 546.

[0039] Two overlapping blocks 541 are provided at the lower edge of the insulating plate 542 and are symmetrically positioned and inserted into the upper contact layer 3 of the data transmission host 2. The positioning groove 543 of the insulating plate 542 is connected to the lower end of the edge protection wall 52. The straight rail 544 communicates with the inside of the clamping ring 545 to allow the bottom of the slope radar 4 to be embedded. The back plate 549 covers the back of the slope radar 4 and is clamped and fixed in the middle section by the clamping body 546 of the support rod 547. The reinforcement body 548 is set at the upper back of the slope radar 4 through the back plate 549.

[0040] The solidification body 548 is also provided with a locking bolt 5481, which passes through the center of the welding plate 5482 and is connected to a rotating block 5483 at one end.

[0041] The locking bolt 5481 and the center of the welding plate 5482 intersect each other, and the edge of the rotating block 5483 of the welding plate 5482 has a control groove.

[0042] The specific functions and operation procedures of this embodiment are as follows: In this invention, the intelligent mine geological disaster early warning device (for slope radar) can first be installed with a grounding base 1 in a wide-field location where the slope to be monitored and warned is directly visible. After the grounding base is in place, the data transmission host 2 is installed. Then, the position of the slope radar 4 is determined by the contact layer 3. Finally, the protective structure 5 is installed. The positioning of the protective structure 5 reinforces and fixes the angle and position of the slope radar 4, enabling it to effectively, stably, and accurately scan, monitor, and warn of the slope. Thus, the slope radar can monitor and warn of mine slopes through the following methods: S1: The positions of the data transmission host 2 and the slope radar 4 are determined by the grounding base 1. Then, the slope radar 4 identifies the characteristics of accelerated deformation by continuously and accurately monitoring the small displacements on the slope surface, and issues alarms of different levels before possible instability and failure. S2: Slope radar 4 monitors data based on two core points: cumulative displacement and displacement rate. S3: The three lines of defense for early warning from slope radar 4: The first line of defense: the automatic early warning model (based on a set threshold), which is divided into three levels. The specific threshold needs to be set individually according to the slope type, soil and rock properties, stability requirements, etc. Level 1 / Attention Warning (Yellow): Standard: The displacement rate consistently exceeds a low threshold (e.g., 2-5 mm / day), or the cumulative displacement reaches a certain value; Meaning: The slope has entered a preliminary unstable state and requires attention; Action taken: Increase data monitoring and on-site inspection frequency, and check whether the system is functioning properly; Level 2 / Alert (Orange): Standard: The displacement rate increases significantly and exceeds a moderate threshold (e.g., 5-10 mm / day), or an accelerating trend is observed in critical areas; Meaning: The slope instability has worsened, and there is a significant risk of landslide. Response: Issue an early warning notice, conduct key analysis by technical personnel, verify the information on-site, and prepare for emergency response; Level 3 / Action Alert (Red): Standard: The displacement rate increases sharply, exceeding a high threshold (e.g., >20-50 mm / day), or the deformation curve exhibits obvious characteristics of the third stage of "accelerated creep" (i.e., "steep sill"). Meaning: The slope is highly likely to experience large-scale instability and failure within a short period of time; Response: Immediately issue the highest level alarm, activate the emergency plan, and forcibly evacuate all personnel from the danger zone; Second line of defense: Deformation curve trend analysis (based on creep theory): Initial creep (decelerating creep): The deformation rate decreases from fast to slow, and the curve dips downwards. During this stage, the slope is in an adjustment phase, and the risk is low. Constant-rate creep: The deformation rate remains constant, and the curve is linear. During this stage, the slope is in a critical equilibrium state, which is a "continuous early warning period" requiring high vigilance. Accelerated creep: The deformation rate continues to increase, and the curve rises upwards. This stage is a precursor to failure; once this stage is reached, it means that failure is imminent. By fitting the curve, it is even possible to predict the specific time when instability will occur. Third line of defense: Spatial domain comprehensive analysis (based on full-field data): Identifying potential slip surfaces: By analyzing displacement contour maps, find the "envelope" where the displacement is significantly greater than that of the surrounding area. This line may be the boundary of the potential slip surface. Identifying the traction zone and the main sliding zone: By analyzing the direction and magnitude of the displacement vector, determine where the landslide initiation zone (traction zone) is and where the main sliding zone is; Anomaly identification: On an overall stable slope, the appearance of an isolated, rapidly moving small area may indicate a risk of local collapse or rockfall, even if the overall slope is safe. S4: Early Warning Process Summary: A complete early warning process method is formed through data collection, data processing, automatic judgment, manual analysis (verification, judgment, decision-making), alarm issuance, feedback and closed loop; This allows for the early identification of areas prone to geological disasters in mines, ensuring a high safety factor in mine operations. Furthermore, during thunderstorms, the slope radar 4 can be operated in conjunction with the protective structure 5, replacing the traditional disassembly and recovery process. The protective clamping plate 54 of the protective structure 5 clamps and covers the lower edge of the slope radar 4, positioning it accordingly. Simultaneously, the edge protection wall 52 and the guide plate 51 prevent rainwater from entering the slope radar 4, achieving a protective effect. The lightning rod on the guide plate 51 prevents lightning strikes, and the grounding cable 55 outside the edge protection wall 52 guides the current generated by a lightning strike to the grounding base 1, ensuring complete protection. The slope radar 4 is protected against damage during thunderstorms. During installation, the protective clamping plate 54 can be pushed into the contact layer 3 of the data transmission host 2 by the pull block 53, achieving rapid installation. Then, the conductive block 551 of the grounding cable 55, combined with the positioning plate 552, is embedded in the edge protection wall 52, allowing the conductive block 551 to guide the current. Simultaneously, the conduction rod 553 transmits the current downwards to the slider 555 of the positioning plate 554, finally entering the grounding base 1, thus protecting the equipment and improving the survival rate and data stability of the slope radar 4 during thunderstorms. The conductive block 551 and the positioning plate 552... After loading, the slider 555 of the second plate 554 can be locked with bolts, making it easy to disassemble and clean. This allows the insulating plate 542 of the clamping plate 54 to be embedded into the contact layer 3 via the lower overlapping block 541, achieving a stable translational effect. The positioning groove 543 of the insulating plate 542 allows the edge protection wall 52 to be vertically embedded, achieving a splicing effect. Then, the central linear rail 544 can be used to linearly push the edge of the slope radar 4 at the contact layer 3 until the clamping ring 545 completely overlaps with the edge of the slope radar 4, achieving a bottom fixing effect. After bottom fixing, the clamping body 546 carried by the support rod 547 at the back plate 549 position can hold the slope... The radar 4 is clamped in the middle and then locked by the upper solid 548, which completely fixes the slope radar 4 vertically to the data transmission host 2. This avoids the inaccuracy of the slope radar 4 scanning and the reduction of vertical positioning stability caused by the slight vibration of the mine. The welding plate 5482 of the solid 548 is welded parallel to the surface of the back plate 549. Then, the rotating block 5483 drives the locking bolt 5481 to rotate, so that the locking bolt 5481 can fix the edge surface of the slope radar 4. Therefore, a firm fixing effect can be achieved, avoiding shaking that may damage the scanning angle, and further improving the accuracy and stability of the slope radar 4.

[0043] Example 2: Figures 6 to 7 As shown: This invention provides a smart mine geological disaster early warning method and device. Its structure includes a grounding base 1 with a load-bearing block 11, the load-bearing block 11 having a loading groove 12 inside and a grounding grid 13 embedded therein, and a connecting groove 14 being provided at the edge of the grounding grid 13.

[0044] The load-bearing block 11 is a square parallel shape and the internal loading groove 12 is hollow so that the grounding grid 13 can be embedded and covered. The grounding grid 13 is connected to the lower end of the grounding cable 55 through the connecting grooves 14 at both ends.

[0045] The surface of the load-bearing block 11 is further provided with an overlapping layer 111, which is integrated with the cover plate 112. The inner edge of the cover plate 112 is equipped with a locking block 113 and the surface is connected with a protrusion 114.

[0046] The cover plate 112 is in parallel contact with the surface of the load-bearing block 11 through the overlapping layer 111 and is engaged and connected by the insertion of the locking block 113. The protrusion 114 at the center of the outer surface of the cover plate 112 is circular so that the lower end of the support column can be inserted.

[0047] The specific functions and operation procedures of this embodiment are as follows: In this invention, the load-bearing block 11 of the grounding base 1 allows the grounding grid 13 to be arranged in parallel through the internal loading groove 12, so that the originally exposed grounding grid 13 is now arranged inside the load-bearing block 11, achieving a protective effect and avoiding the rapid aging caused by long-term exposure. Then, the grounding grid 13 can be connected to the lower end of the grounding cable 55 through the edge connecting groove 14, so as to achieve a stable protective effect. Furthermore, the cover plate 112 newly added to the surface of the load-bearing block 11 can be parallel to the surface of the load-bearing block 11 through the overlapping layer 111, and then the connection is completed by the insertion and engagement of the locking block 113. At the same time, the central protrusion 114 of the cover plate 112 allows the bottom of the arranged support rod to be embedded, achieving a stable vertical support effect, further improving the stability of the slope radar 4 in the mine location for positioning, monitoring and early warning.

[0048] Any technical solution that achieves the above-mentioned technical effects by utilizing the technical solutions described in this invention, or by designing similar technical solutions by those skilled in the art under the inspiration of the technical solutions described in this invention, falls within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A smart mine geological disaster early warning method and device, the structure of which includes: The system comprises a grounding base (1), a data transmission host (2), a contact layer (3), a slope radar (4), and a protective structure (5). The upper end of the grounding base (1) is fixedly connected to the data transmission host (2), and the data transmission host (2) determines the position of the slope radar (4) and the protective structure (5) through the contact layer (3). The protective structure (5) covers the edge of the slope radar (4) and has a hollowed-out front end. Its features include: The protective structure (5) is provided with a guide plate (51), and an edge protection wall (52) is provided at the lower end of the guide plate (51). A pull block (53) is provided on the back of the edge protection wall (52) and a protective clamping plate (54) is connected at the lower end. A grounding cable (55) is also connected at the outside of the edge protection wall (52). The grounding cable (55) is also provided with a conductive block (551). The conductive block (551) is provided with a positioning plate (552) and connected to a transmission rod (553). The lower end of the transmission rod (553) is also connected to a positioning plate (554) and carries a slider (555). The edge of the slope radar (4) is clamped and covered by the edge protection wall (52) and the protective clamping plate (54) of the protective structure (5). Then the top guide plate (51) is connected to the outside. At the same time, the transmission rod (553) outside the edge protection wall (52) determines the position of the conductive block (551) and the slider (555) through the positioning plate one (552) and the positioning plate two (554) and is interlocked with the grounding base (1).

2. The intelligent mine geological disaster early warning method and device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grounding base (1) and the data transmission host (2) are parallel to each other and are spaced together and connected by a support column. The contact layer (3) of the data transmission host (2) is parallel and determines the vertical positioning of the slope radar (4). The protective structure (5) covers the edge of the slope radar (4) and isolates it from the outside world through the contact layer (3).

3. The intelligent mine geological disaster early warning method and device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide plate (51) is a solid triangular shape and is fixed parallel to the upper end of the edge protection wall (52), and a lightning rod is also provided at the edge position. The pull block (53) of the edge protection wall (52) is set in a horizontal direction. The middle position of the protective clamping plate (54) covers and clamps the bottom edge of the slope radar (4). The grounding cable (55) is set outside the edge protection wall (52) in a vertical direction and its bottom is connected to the inside of the grounding base (1).

4. The intelligent mine geological disaster early warning method and device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive block (551) is a square solid shape and is inserted into the edge protection wall (52) and positioned in parallel by the positioning plate one (552). The conductive rod (553) is made of hot-dip galvanized flat steel and is fixed by the bolts on the edge of the positioning plate one (552) and the positioning plate two (554).

5. The intelligent mine geological disaster early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent mine geological disaster early warning method is generated by the following process: S1: The location of the data transmission host (2) and the slope radar (4) is determined by the grounding base (1). Then, the slope radar (4) identifies the characteristics of accelerated deformation by continuously and accurately monitoring the small displacements on the slope surface, and issues different levels of alarms before possible instability and failure. S2: Slope radar (4) monitors data based on two core points: cumulative displacement and displacement rate; S3: Slope radar (4) early warning "three lines of defense": The first line of defense: the automatic early warning model (based on a set threshold), which is divided into three levels. The specific threshold needs to be set individually according to the slope type, soil and rock properties, stability requirements, etc. Level 1 / Attention Warning (Yellow): Standard: The displacement rate consistently exceeds a low threshold (e.g., 2-5 mm / day), or the cumulative displacement reaches a certain value; Meaning: The slope has entered a preliminary unstable state and requires attention; Action taken: Increase data monitoring and on-site inspection frequency, and check whether the system is functioning properly; Level 2 / Alert (Orange): Standard: The displacement rate increases significantly and exceeds a moderate threshold (e.g., 5-10 mm / day), or an accelerating trend is observed in critical areas; Meaning: The slope instability has worsened, and there is a significant risk of landslide. Response: Issue an early warning notice, conduct key analysis by technical personnel, verify the information on-site, and prepare for emergency response; Level 3 / Action Alert (Red): Standard: The displacement rate increases sharply, exceeding a high threshold (e.g., > 20-50 mm / day), or the deformation curve exhibits obvious characteristics of the third stage of "accelerated creep" (i.e., "steep ridge"). Meaning: The slope is highly likely to experience large-scale instability and failure within a short period of time; Response: Immediately issue the highest level alarm, activate the emergency plan, and forcibly evacuate all personnel from the danger zone; Second line of defense: Deformation curve trend analysis (based on creep theory): Initial creep (decelerating creep): The deformation rate decreases from fast to slow, and the curve dips downwards. During this stage, the slope is in an adjustment phase, and the risk is low. Constant-rate creep: The deformation rate remains constant, and the curve is linear. During this stage, the slope is in a critical equilibrium state, which is a "continuous early warning period" requiring high vigilance. Accelerated creep: The deformation rate continues to increase, and the curve rises upwards. This stage is a precursor to failure; once this stage is reached, it means that failure is imminent. By fitting the curve, it is even possible to predict the specific time when instability will occur. Third line of defense: Spatial domain comprehensive analysis (based on full-field data): Identifying potential slip surfaces: By analyzing displacement contour maps, find the "envelope" where the displacement is significantly greater than that of the surrounding area. This line may be the boundary of the potential slip surface. Identifying the traction zone and the main sliding zone: By analyzing the direction and magnitude of the displacement vector, determine where the landslide initiation zone (traction zone) is and where the main sliding zone is; Anomaly identification: On an overall stable slope, the appearance of an isolated, rapidly moving small area may indicate a risk of local collapse or rockfall, even if the overall slope is safe. S4: Early Warning Process Summary: A complete early warning process method is formed through data collection, data processing, automatic judgment, manual analysis (verification, judgment, decision-making), alarm issuance, feedback and closed loop.

6. The intelligent mine geological disaster early warning method and device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective clamping plate (54) is provided with an overlapping block (541). An insulating plate (542) is connected to the upper end of the overlapping block (541), and a positioning groove (543) is opened at the edge of the surface of the insulating plate (542). A linear rail (544) is opened at the center of the insulating plate (542) and carries a clamping ring (545). A back plate (549) is mounted at one end of the insulating plate (542) and a support rod (547) is connected to determine the position of the clamping body (546). The clamping body (546) is set above the clamping ring (545) and is spaced together. A reinforcing body (548) is also connected above the clamping body (546). Two overlapping blocks (541) are provided at the lower edge of the insulating plate (542) and are set in a symmetrical orientation and inserted into the upper contact layer (3) of the data transmission host (2). The positioning groove (543) of the insulating plate (542) is connected to the lower end of the edge protection wall (52). The straight rail (544) is connected to the inside of the clamping ring (545) to allow the bottom of the slope radar (4) to be embedded. The back plate (549) covers the back of the slope radar (4) and is clamped and fixed in the middle section by the clamping body (546) of the support rod (547). The reinforcement body (548) is set at the upper back of the slope radar (4) through the back plate (549).

7. The intelligent mine geological disaster early warning method and device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The solidified body (548) is also provided with a locking bolt (5481), which passes through the center of the welding plate (5482) and is connected to a rotating block (5483) at one end. The locking bolt (5481) intersects the center of the welding plate (5482), and the edge of the rotating block (5483) of the welding plate (5482) has a control groove.

8. The intelligent mine geological disaster early warning method and device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grounding base (1) is provided with a load-bearing block (11), the load-bearing block (11) has a loading groove (12) inside and the grounding grid (13) is embedded therein, and the grounding grid (13) has a connecting groove (14) at the edge. The load-bearing block (11) is a square parallel shape and the internal loading groove (12) is hollow so that the grounding grid (13) can be embedded and covered. The grounding grid (13) is connected to the lower end of the grounding cable (55) through the connecting grooves (14) at both ends.

9. The intelligent mine geological disaster early warning method and device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The surface of the load-bearing block (11) is further provided with an overlapping layer (111), the overlapping layer (111) is integrated with the cover plate (112), the inner wall edge of the cover plate (112) is equipped with a card block (113) and the surface is connected with a protrusion (114). The cover plate (112) is in parallel contact with the surface of the load-bearing block (11) through the overlapping layer (111) and is engaged and connected by the insertion of the locking block (113). The protrusion (114) at the center of the outer surface of the cover plate (112) is circular so that the lower end of the support column can be inserted.

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