High-frequency data acquisition method

Abstract

A high-frequency data acquisition method is used for meter reading in an electric power station area, a CCO distributes TEIs to STAs accessing the network one by one according to a network access application sequence, the STAs are set to acquire ammeter data at each time point and store the ammeter data in FLASH of the STAs, and the data of the first k time points are reported to the CCO every k time points; the STA is powered on and accessed to the network; the CCO synchronizes an STA clock; the STA collects ammeter data at each time point and stores the ammeter data in the FLASH of the STA; the STA starts data reporting at the first k time points when a reporting period is reached; each STA reports data in a time-sharing manner according to respective reporting time; and the CCO continuously monitors and receives the data reported by the STA until the reporting time of the round is ended. According to the invention, based on an acquisition mode of actively reporting the minute data to the CCO by the STA in the whole network in a time-sharing manner, the influence of a CCO copying and reading strategy on the whole acquisition process is effectively eliminated, the communication success rate is improved, and the network meter reading performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of carrier communication technology, and in particular relates to a minute-level high-frequency data acquisition method based on HDC communication. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the power energy system, the proportion of intermittent power sources such as wind power and photovoltaics has increased significantly, and the charging piles for new energy vehicles have become increasingly popular. The granularity of the dynamic characteristics of the power system has become extremely refined. The fluctuation speed and complexity of key parameters such as power flow, voltage, and frequency of the power grid have increased by orders of magnitude. However, the traditional power system data acquisition system, which aims to provide a basis for electricity billing, only collects the daily or hourly freeze data of the power grid. This mode cannot capture the instantaneous dynamic process of power grid operation and can no longer meet the requirements of the new power system. In order to achieve accurate line loss analysis, fault location, and dynamic analysis of the entire network load, the need for minute-level data or even higher frequency data acquisition is particularly urgent.

[0003] Currently, there are two main high-frequency data acquisition technologies for power systems. The first is real-time concurrent meter reading by the concentrator. The concentrator sends concurrent meter reading tasks to the CCO (Central Coordinator) through its local serial port. The CCO forwards the meter reading tasks to the STA (Station). The STA then forwards the tasks to the meters through the serial port. The meter's response data is returned to the terminal in reverse order of the original meter reading path.

[0004] The second method is pre-stored data collection. The STA (Stationary Controller) periodically collects specified data items from the meter according to a designated or configured collection strategy, storing the data along with a timestamp in its own FLASH memory. After the STA completes its current collection cycle, the concentrator delays for a period and then uses a concurrent meter reading strategy to read the data from the STA at the specified time and for the specified data items. The STA then retrieves the matching pre-stored data from its own FLASH memory to reply. Compared to the first method of direct concurrent meter reading, the pre-stored data collection method eliminates the step of the STA module forwarding the meter reading during CCO (Concurrent Control Officer) reading, thus eliminating the serial port reading delay at the meter end. However, the terminal and CCO still need to read data via a local serial port. To further improve data collection efficiency, the new minute-based data collection scheme eliminates the terminal's active reading step compared to the original pre-stored data collection technology. Instead, the CCO (Controlled Operational Center) replaces the terminal by generating its own reading task based on the previously configured reading task after a specified time. Upon successful reading, the CCO actively reports to the terminal. This method omits the terminal's step of issuing reading requests, eliminates the impact of the terminal's reading strategy on the entire reading process, and further reduces the reading time between the terminal and the CCO. The entire reading logic is handled by the CCO, and the terminal only needs to configure the collection scheme to the CCO and receive the reading data reported by the CCO. However, the above scheme still relies on the CCO's active reading strategy, which requires the CCO to actively read the STA's pre-stored data. This still results in reading delays and network congestion due to factors such as the CCO's reading strategy, concurrent capacity limitations, and interference from poor channel environments, leading to slow data collection in the distribution area. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-frequency data acquisition method that does not rely on the CCO reading strategy, has a high communication success rate, and can achieve minute-level proactive data reporting.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A high-frequency data acquisition method is used for meter reading in a power distribution area. The power distribution area network includes a control center (CCO) and a station (STA). After a station applies to join the network, the CCO assigns a TEI to each STA in the order of the application. The STA is set to collect meter data at each time point and store it in its own FLASH. Every k time points, the STA reports the data of the previous k time points to the CCO.

[0008] The high-frequency data acquisition method includes the following steps: after the STA is powered on and connected to the network;

[0009] S1 and CCO synchronize STA clock;

[0010] S2 and STA collect meter data at each time point and store it in their own FLASH memory;

[0011] S3. When the reporting cycle arrives, STA starts reporting the data from the previous k time points;

[0012] S4. Each STA reports data according to its own reporting time.

[0013] S5 and CCO continuously monitor and receive data reported by STA until the end of the current reporting period.

[0014] Furthermore, the STA's reporting time T_i = TEI-i × Tk + Tup, where TEI-i is the TEI value of the i-th STA, Tk is the delay time coefficient, and Tup is the transmission processing time from the STA to the CCO.

[0015] Furthermore, the delay time coefficient Tk = Tw / (MAXNODE+1), where MAXNODE is the number of STAs in the network and Tw is the reporting time window of a single STA.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a re-copying step. In step S5, the CCO continuously listens to and receives data reported by the STA, calculates and checks the reporting time for this round, and then executes the next step.

[0017] S6. CCO determines whether the current reporting time has ended. If it has not ended, it returns to step S5 and continues to receive data reported by STAs. If it has ended, it checks whether there are any STAs that have been missed. If there are any STAs that have been missed and there is still time left to make up for the missed reports, it broadcasts the information of the missed STAs to all STAs in the network. If there are no STAs that have been missed or the current reporting time has expired, it ends the current data collection.

[0018] Furthermore, when there is a missed STA report and there is remaining time to make up the report, the CCO initiates the make-up report time T(n) according to the following formula:

[0019] In the formula, TEI_max(n) is the maximum TEI value among all reporting STAs at the nth reporting time, Tu_max is the processing delay of the deepest STA reporting to the CCO, and Td_max is the transmission delay of the CCO issuing a supplementary report notification to the STA at the highest level.

[0020] Furthermore, the total reporting time for n rounds during the data collection process is less than the reporting time for the current round.

[0021] Furthermore, the CCO supplementary reporting notification uses a bitmap method to broadcast the TEI of the missed STAs to the entire network.

[0022] Furthermore, the supplementary reporting bitmap filling rule is the minimum TEI + incremental bitmap list. The minimum TEI refers to the smallest TEI among all STAs that failed to report. The incremental bitmap list is the difference between the TEI of the remaining STAs that failed to report and the minimum TEI, arranged in ascending order. The incremental bitmap list is parsed into the corresponding position index.

[0023] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention improves the data reporting model based on pre-stored data. For minute-level data, all STAs in the network collect meter data every minute (time point) and store it in their own Flash, and actively report the data of the previous k minutes every k minutes (k time points). Compared with the traditional pre-stored data terminal active reporting scheme and the pre-stored data CCO active reading scheme, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1) Effectively reduces the number of data collection message exchanges. By adopting the STA active reporting method, the CCO or terminal no longer needs to poll and read the data, thus eliminating the cost of downlink reading. The CCO can use the surplus channel bandwidth for more important network management broadcasts (such as heartbeat, time synchronization, and route maintenance) or higher priority downlink shutdown commands. At the same time, the active reporting method greatly improves the timeliness of the collected data.

[0025] 2) This invention eliminates the impact of traditional CCO proactive meter reading strategies on the entire meter reading process. In actual distribution environments, STAs are distributed in different areas, and the entire network environment changes dynamically. During peak electricity consumption periods, high-power devices and loads significantly affect the meter reading success rate of nearby STAs. The meter reading success rate of the same STA varies at different times, and the reading success rate and latency of STAs at different depths also differ greatly. The CCO proactive reading strategy is often limited by its own concurrency. When reading from nodes with low success rates, a large number of failed nodes will block the concurrent buffer pool, resulting in a large number of meters not even having the opportunity to be read during the meter reading cycle, leading to numerous drawbacks. However, this invention, based on the collection method of STAs actively reporting minute data to the CCO in a time-sharing manner across the entire network, effectively eliminates the impact of the CCO reading strategy on the entire collection process, improves the communication success rate, and thus achieves a significant improvement in network meter reading performance.

[0026] 3) This invention adopts a strategy of delaying reporting based on the TEI design, which does not require an additional discrete strategy. Since the CCO has already discretely defined the TEI during the network entry process, the CCO only needs to set the discrete time coefficient based on the total number of nodes and the reporting time window. Due to the TEI allocation strategy, this reporting scheme ensures that lower-level STAs report first and higher-level STAs report later, effectively reducing the probability of reporting collisions. Furthermore, this invention is mainly based on application layer modifications and does not affect the link layer protocol stack, thus having better compatibility with existing modules.

[0027] 4) In some embodiments, when there are missed reports that need to be supplemented, the present invention dynamically adjusts the CCO start time for supplementary reporting and the total reporting time based on the total number of nodes in the network and the network communication status, thereby achieving as many supplementary reports as possible within a limited supplementary reporting time, adapting to the size of the station area, and ensuring the integrity of the collected data. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tree network topology of the transformer area;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the data acquisition and reporting model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the data acquisition method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a data acquisition method with a copying step according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the incremental reporting bitmap in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In describing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the drawings illustrating the device structure will be partially enlarged, not according to general proportions. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings are simplified and use non-precise proportions, intended only to facilitate and clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. Additionally, in the description of this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Terms such as "positive," "negative," "bottom," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," and "right" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, not indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can also refer to the internal connection of two components; and they can refer to a wireless connection or a wired connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] Figure 1 A tree network topology diagram of the power distribution area, such as Figure 1 As shown, a power distribution network based on power line broadband carrier communication typically forms a multi-level hierarchical tree network centered on a concentrator (CCO) and relayed by proxy coordinators (PCOs), connecting all slave stations (STAs). The CCO is the central control node (master node) for network operation. After power-on, the CCO periodically broadcasts beacons on a preset frequency band. STAs in the vicinity that can receive the CCO beacons send association requests to the CCO to apply for network access authentication. STAs that successfully join the network are upgraded to PCOs after obtaining authorization from the CCO and begin broadcasting their own beacon frames to provide relay services for subsequent nodes. New STAs that have not yet joined the network listen to the beacon frames broadcast by the PCOs and select these PCOs as parent nodes to initiate association. This process is repeated continuously, expanding to the entire network, eventually forming a hierarchical tree topology with the CCO as the root, multi-level PCOs as branches, and ordinary STAs as leaves.

[0038] The high-frequency data acquisition method of the present invention is based on the pre-stored acquisition technology, and changes the STA data from the CCO active copying method to the STA active reporting method. When the acquisition cycle arrives, the STA acquires the specified data items and stores them in its own FLASH. When the reporting cycle arrives, the STA reads the corresponding data from the FLASH and reports it to the CCO in a time-division manner.

[0039] The high-frequency data acquisition method of this invention first constructs a data reporting model for the STA, setting the STA to report data from the previous k time points every k time points. See the specific model for details. Figure 2 For example, taking minute-level data acquisition as an example, with 1 minute as one time point and a reporting cycle of 5 time points (5 minutes), the constructed data reporting model is to set the STA (Stationary Data Controller) to report the data of the previous 5 minutes every 5 minutes, and one frame includes 5 minutes of data, such as... Figure 2As shown, based on the constructed data reporting model, the STA collects specified data from the electricity meter and stores it in its own FLASH at 5 time points from t0 to t4 (5 minutes). Starting at time point t5, the STA starts reporting the data from t0 to t4 (5 minutes) and simultaneously collects the data from t5 to t9 (5 minutes) and stores it in its own FLASH.

[0040] The data reporting model constructed in this invention improves upon the method of reporting data at every time point by reporting data once every k time points. Although there is a delay of k-1 time points in data reporting, such as reporting the data of the previous 5 minutes every 5 minutes, compared to reporting data every minute, there is a delay of 4 minutes. However, this will not have a significant impact on non-real-time control scenarios such as power grid monitoring and billing. Furthermore, the centralized reporting after a period of time reduces the amount of network communication message interaction to only 1 / k of that of reporting at every time point, effectively reducing the risk of channel congestion and concentrator overload. Network traffic is smoothed, and due to the reduced network load, conflicts are reduced, and the communication success rate is correspondingly improved. At the same time, the reporting time window is extended to k time points, giving the CCO more time to collect statistics and notify the STA of missed reports, thus improving the overall data integrity and system robustness.

[0041] After a STA successfully applies for network access, the CCO assigns each STA a unique identifier (TEI). This TEI is the STA's unique communication identifier, and each STA in the network has a different TEI. In the HDC network protocol, the TEI identifier is usually represented by 12 bits of data, ranging from [0, 4095]. 0 represents the identifier of a node not yet in the network, and 4095 represents the broadcast identifier. The CCO's TEI is fixed at 1, and STAs' TEIs are assigned starting from 2. The CCO assigns TEIs to STAs in the order they apply for network access. The specific allocation principle is: when assigning a TEI to a different STA, the value is increased by 1 from the previous TEI. For example, if the number of STAs in a network is MAXNODE, after the entire network is formed, the range of the node's TEI identifier will be [2, MAXNODE + 1].

[0042] Based on the above data reporting model, this invention designs the following delayed reporting strategy for STAs according to TEI. For the i-th STA in the network, its reporting time is defined as T_i, and each STA reports according to its own reporting time.

[0043] Specifically, the reporting time of the i-th STA is T_i = TEI-i × Tk + Tup;

[0044] In the formula, TEI-i is the TEI value of the i-th STA, Tk is the delay time coefficient, and Tup is the transmission processing time for each STA to report to the CCO. The delay time coefficient Tk = Tw / (MAXNODE+1), where MAXNODE is the number of STAs in the network and Tw is the reporting time window of a single STA; that is, T_i = TEI-i × Tw / (MAXNODE+1) + Tup.

[0045] Since each STA in the network has an independent and unique TEI, the reporting time of each STA is designed to be as discrete as possible by delaying the data reporting based on the TEI. This ensures that the STAs in the network are already discrete before entering the CSMA contention reporting phase, thereby reducing the probability of collisions and the risk of reporting conflicts. In addition, since the CCO allocates TEIs to each STA in ascending order of network entry, theoretically, lower-level STAs always apply for network entry first, and higher-level STAs join later. That is, the higher the level of the STA, the larger the TEI allocated. This ensures that in most cases, lower-level STAs always report first, and higher-level STAs report later. This greatly reduces the probability of collisions between higher-level STA nodes and lower-level STAs during the reporting process, further optimizing the reporting strategy.

[0046] Figure 3 The flowchart of the method of the present invention is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, based on the above data reporting model and delayed reporting strategy, the high-frequency data acquisition method in this embodiment includes the following steps: after the STA is powered on and connected to the network;

[0047] S1 and CCO synchronize the STA clock via the perpetual calendar beacon cycle;

[0048] S2 and STA collect meter data at each point in time and store it in their own FLASH memory. For example, STA collects and stores data from the meter every minute.

[0049] S3, STA starts reporting the data of the previous k time points when the reporting cycle is reached. That is, STA reports the data of the previous k time points every k time points. For example, if the reporting cycle is 5 minutes, STA reports the data of the previous 5 minutes every 5 minutes.

[0050] S4. Each STA in the network reports data according to its own reporting time T_i in a time-sharing manner;

[0051] S5 and CCO continuously monitor and receive data reported by STA until the end of the current reporting period.

[0052] The high-frequency data acquisition method of this invention is based on the active data reporting of STAs. Each STA is assigned a reporting time. By utilizing the TEI allocation strategy of CCO for STAs entering the network and the uniqueness of TEI across the entire network, it can not only ensure that the reporting times of STAs at different levels are different, but also ensure that the reporting times of STAs at the same level are discrete. Compared with the method where nodes at different levels do not report at the same time but nodes at the same level report at the same time, it focuses more on the discreteness of the entire network rather than the discreteness between levels, further reducing the risk of communication collisions and improving the communication success rate.

[0053] In complex power line environments, interference and attenuation are common. If a single report fails, the data will be permanently lost, making it difficult to guarantee data integrity. If the real-time performance of the data depends entirely on the success of a single communication, the risk is high, and the system's anti-interference capability is also greatly reduced. This includes the fact that some nodes may send data when the time falls within the beacon time slot, requiring them to wait until the CSMA time slot to compete for transmission. Even if they are all dispersed in the CSMA zone, they still need to compete and negotiate with other services transmitting in the CSMA zone, which carries the risk of transmission failure.

[0054] To further improve the data integrity of the system, in some embodiments, a supplementary data acquisition step is added to the above high-frequency data acquisition method. The aforementioned high-frequency data acquisition method reports data from the previous k time points every k time points, such as reporting data from the previous 5 minutes every 5 minutes, thus providing nearly 5 minutes for supplementary reporting. Figure 4 As shown, the high-frequency data acquisition method with added supplementary data collection steps includes the following steps (taking the STA collecting and storing data every minute and reporting the previous 5 minutes every 5 minutes as an example): After the STA is powered on and connected to the network;

[0055] S1 and CCO synchronize the STA clock via the perpetual calendar beacon cycle;

[0056] S2 and STA collect meter data every minute and store it in their own FLASH memory;

[0057] S3, 5-minute reporting cycle: Data reporting for the first 5 minutes after STA starts, that is, STA reports the data of the previous k time points every k time points;

[0058] S4. Each STA in the network reports data according to its own reporting time T_i in a time-sharing manner;

[0059] S5 and CCO continuously monitor and receive data reported by STA, while calculating and checking the reporting time for this round.

[0060] S6. The CCO determines whether the current reporting time has ended. If not, it returns to the previous step and continues to receive data reported by STAs. If the reporting time has ended, it checks whether any STAs have been missed. After receiving the STA data, the CCO marks the time when the timestamp changes in each received reporting frame as the first data received in this round, based on the time point carried in the STA reporting frame. After the current reporting time ends, it counts whether any STAs have been missed based on the number of STAs in the network. If there are any missed STAs and there is remaining time for supplementary reporting, it broadcasts the bitmap information of the missed STAs to all STAs in the network, starts the supplementary reporting of STAs, and evaluates the duration of the next round of reporting. If there are no missed STAs or the current reporting time has expired (i.e., there is no remaining time for supplementary reporting), it ends the current round of data collection.

[0061] When there is a missed STA report and there is remaining time for a make-up report, the CCO initiates the make-up report time T(n), which is the time that the CCO needs to wait before executing the notification for the next make-up report during the nth report, calculated by the following formula:

[0062] In the formula, TEI_max(n) is the maximum TEI value among all reporting STAs at the nth reporting time, Tu_max is the processing delay of the deepest STA reporting to the CCO, and Td_max is the transmission delay of the CCO issuing a supplementary report notification to the STA at the highest level.

[0063] Since the first round of data reporting (n=0) is directly reported by the STA and does not require CCO notification for supplementary reporting, there is no Td_max when the CCO initiates supplementary reporting; during the entire data acquisition process, the total reporting time T_m for n rounds (T_m refers to the total time for STA to report data, including the time for active reporting and supplementary reporting) must be completed within the reporting time of this round. For example, if the data of the previous 5 minutes is reported every 5 minutes, the total reporting time for n rounds must be completed within 5 minutes, but the 5 minutes cannot be used up completely to prevent the CCO from issuing a supplementary reporting notification at the end of the time window, causing the STA to report across to the next reporting cycle. Therefore, the total reporting time T_m for n rounds must be less than the reporting time of this round, that is, T_m is less than 5 minutes, which gives the following formula:

[0064]

[0065] In some embodiments, the CCO (Common Control Officer) uses a bitmap method to broadcast the TEI (Time Indicator) of the missed STAs to the entire network. When the CCO evaluates the completion of all STAs' reporting in the current round, it iterates through the successful reporting status of each STA in ascending order of TEI. It finds the smallest TEI among all STAs that failed to report, calculates the difference between the TEI of all failed STAs and this smallest TEI, and fills the failed TEIs into the supplementary reporting bitmap. This is then broadcast to all STAs across the network. The filling rule for the supplementary reporting bitmap is: smallest TEI (2 bytes) + incremental bitmap list (the difference between the TEI of the failed STA and the smallest TEI). The smallest TEI is the starting TEI, and the incremental bitmap list is parsed into the corresponding position index, arranged in ascending order.

[0066] For example, five STAs with TEIs of 2, 5, 8, 9, and 12 reported failures, with the smallest TEI being 2. The differences between the TEIs of all the failed STAs and the smallest TEI (2) are 0, 3, 6, 7, and 10, respectively. Since one byte of 8 bits can only represent 8 TEIs, at least 2 bytes are needed to represent a bitmap with a maximum TEI of 10. Therefore, the padding message is: starting TEI + incremental bitmap list 02 00 + C9 04, as shown. Figure 5 As shown, the parsing is the minimum TEI 2 + the corresponding position index, which is 2, 5, 8, 9, 12. The bitmap method is a data structure that can efficiently store and manipulate large amounts of data. It writes and reads data by calculating byte and bit positions, and can be applied in scenarios requiring space saving and fast lookup. In this embodiment, the CCO supplementary notification uses the TEI incremental filling bitmap method, that is, filling the bitmap with the TEI increment (the difference between the TEI and the minimum TEI). Compared to filling with the full TEI, this can minimize the length of the supplementary notification frame and improve the communication success rate.

[0067] After receiving the broadcast supplementary reporting frame initiated by the CCO, the STA checks whether its current TEI is in the supplementary reporting bitmap. If it is in the supplementary reporting bitmap, it determines that it has been notified to supplement the report and searches its own FLASH for the data reported in the previous reporting cycle for 5 consecutive minutes. The reporting delay T_i' of the STA when supplementing the report is T_i = TEI × INDIX, where INDIX is the position index of the current STA in the supplementary reporting bitmap. That is, if the TEIs of the STAs that the CCO notifies that need to supplement the report are 2, 5, 8, 9, 12, and the current STA's TEI is 8, and its index INDIX in the supplementary reporting bitmap is 3, then the reporting delay of this STA is 24 time units.

[0068] This embodiment employs bitmap compression and index-delayed broadcasting to the STA during supplementary reporting. Compared to CCO point-to-point supplementary reporting, it does not rely on path redundancy, reducing signaling overhead and collisions. In addition, the data reporting strategy of reporting the previous k time points from the current k time point (e.g., reporting the previous five minutes from the current five minutes) compresses signaling interactions while providing more time and opportunities for supplementary reporting, ensuring higher data integrity.

[0069] To verify the actual data acquisition effect of the data acquisition method of the present invention, the inventors selected a network environment in the Zhuhai Park of Zhuhai Zhonghui Company to verify the function of the method of the present invention. There are a total of 201 electricity meters in the environment, including 18 three-phase meters and 183 single-phase meters. All meters are distributed on the first, second and third floors of the office buildings and dormitories in the park. The network has 3 to 5 levels. The host computer developed by the company replaces the concentrator to collect and report data. The STA starts data acquisition every minute, collecting A-phase voltage, A-phase current, forward active power, reverse active power and total active power. Then, after a 5-minute cycle, it reports the data of the previous five minutes. The total length of data reported by a single meter is 130 bytes. The reporting time window Tw is defined as 60 seconds. The reporting time coefficient calculated based on the total number of nodes is 300ms. The STA and CCO programs of the entire network are upgraded. The assessment time is from 21:30 on July 3, 2025 to 08:30 on July 4, 2025, a total of 11 hours and 660 minutes of data points. The meter reading integrity rate of the host computer is shown in Table 1.

[0070] Table 1: Statistics on the Completeness of Data Reported Every Minute

[0071] Serial Number Freeze time Total number of meters read Number of successful meter readings Meter reading success rate Missing measurement points 1 2025 / 7 / 3 21:30 201 201 100％ none 2 2025 / 7 / 3 21:31 201 201 100％ none 3 2025 / 7 / 3 21:32 201 201 100％ none 4 2025 / 7 / 3 21:33 201 201 100％ none 5 2025 / 7 / 3 21:34 201 201 100％ none 6 2025 / 7 / 3 21:35 201 201 100％ none 7 2025 / 7 / 3 21:36 201 201 100％ none 8 2025 / 7 / 3 21:37 201 201 100％ none 9 2025 / 7 / 3 21:38 201 201 100％ none … … 201 201 100％ none 652 2025 / 7 / 4 08:22 201 201 100％ none 653 2025 / 7 / 4 08:23 201 201 100％ none 654 2025 / 7 / 4 08:24 201 201 100％ none 655 2025 / 7 / 4 08:25 201 201 100％ none 656 2025 / 7 / 4 08:26 201 201 100％ none 657 2025 / 7 / 4 08:27 201 201 100％ none 658 2025 / 7 / 4 08:28 201 201 100％ none 659 2025 / 7 / 4 08:29 201 201 100％ none 660 2025 / 7 / 4 08:30 201 201 100％ none

[0072] Based on the CCO logs, the statistics of the number of reports are shown in Table 2. There are 132 reporting time points out of 660 minute points.

[0073] Table 2: Statistics of Number of Repeated Data Reports Per Minute

[0074] Report once Reported twice Reported 3 times other Count 119 10 3 none percentage 90.15％ 7.5％ 2.2％ 0

[0075] The above statistical results show that the strategy of delaying the reporting based on the TEI design has achieved the expected results. Although the downlink copying and CCO supplementary copying strategies are omitted, the data integrity is 100% and the one-time reporting success rate is high through the active reporting and supplementary reporting strategies.

[0076] Twenty end-point STA nodes in the same room of the office building on the first floor of the park were disconnected from the electricity meters, causing these meters to become unresponsive. Concurrent meter reading and active meter reading reporting tests were initiated, with the statistical time being one five-minute cycle.

[0077] Table 3 Meter Reading Comparison under Abnormal Environments

[0078] Meter reading method Number of successful copies Meter reading time Meter reading success rate Concurrent meter reading (5 concurrent) 181 108S 100％ Method of the present invention 181 64S 100％

[0079] Based on the above data collection and analysis, it can be concluded that when some nodes are unable to read meters, the method of this invention significantly improves the efficiency of collecting effective meters compared to the concurrent meter reading scheme. This is because the faulty meter reading nodes occupy the concurrent buffer and attempt to read meters multiple times, affecting the CCO's ability to read normal meters and significantly increasing the overall meter reading time.

[0080] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-frequency data acquisition method for meter reading in power distribution areas, characterized in that, The power distribution network includes CCO and STA. After an STA applies to join the network, the CCO assigns a TEI to each STA in the order of the application. The STA is set to collect meter data at each time point and store it in its own FLASH. Every k time points, the STA reports the data of the previous k time points to the CCO. The high-frequency data acquisition method includes the following steps: after the STA is powered on and connected to the network; S1 and CCO synchronize STA clock; S2 and STA collect meter data at each time point and store it in their own FLASH memory; S3. When the reporting cycle arrives, STA starts reporting the data from the previous k time points; S4. Each STA reports data according to its own reporting time. S5 and CCO continuously monitor and receive data reported by STA until the end of the current reporting period.

2. The high-frequency data acquisition method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the STA's reporting time T_i = TEI-i × Tk + Tup, where TEI-i is the TEI value of the i-th STA, Tk is the delay time coefficient, and Tup is the transmission processing time for the STA to report to the CCO.

3. The high-frequency data acquisition method as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The delay time coefficient Tk = Tw / (MAXNODE+1), where MAXNODE is the number of STAs in the network and Tw is the reporting time window of a single STA.

4. The high-frequency data acquisition method according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a re-copying step. In step S5, the CCO continuously listens to and receives data reported by the STA, calculates and checks the reporting time for this round, and then executes the next step. S6. CCO determines whether the current reporting time has ended. If it has not ended, it returns to step S5 and continues to receive data reported by STAs. If it has ended, it checks whether there are any STAs that have been missed. If there are any STAs that have been missed and there is still time left to make up for the missed reports, it broadcasts the information of the missed STAs to all STAs in the network. If there are no STAs that have been missed or the current reporting time has expired, it ends the current data collection.

5. The high-frequency data acquisition method according to claim 4, characterized in that: When there is a missed STA report and there is remaining time to make up the report, the CCO starts the make-up report time T(n) according to the following formula: In the formula, TEI_max(n) is the maximum TEI value among all reporting STAs at the nth reporting time, Tu_max is the processing delay of the deepest STA reporting to the CCO, and Td_max is the transmission delay of the CCO issuing a supplementary report notification to the STA at the highest level.

6. The high-frequency data acquisition method according to claim 4, characterized in that: During the data collection process, the total reporting time for n rounds is less than the reporting time for the current round.

7. The high-frequency data acquisition method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The CCO supplementary reporting notification uses a bitmap method to broadcast the TEI of the missed STAs to the entire network.

8. The high-frequency data acquisition method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rule for filling the supplementary bitmap is the minimum TEI + incremental bitmap list. The minimum TEI is the smallest TEI among all STAs that failed to report. The incremental bitmap list is the difference between the TEI of the remaining STAs that failed to report and the minimum TEI, arranged in ascending order. The incremental bitmap list is parsed into the corresponding position index.

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